FORUM: Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) QUESTION OF: Political and Industrial Corruption in Developing Countries MAIN SUBMITTER: Italian Republic COSUBMITTERS: Afghanistan, The Philippines, Pakistan, Mexico, Israel SIGNATORIES: Canada, Egypt, Nigeria, Syria, South Korea, Colombia
Reaffirming its Resolution 55/61 of 4 December 2000 which recognized that an effective international legal instrument against corruption, independent of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime was desirable and decided to establish an ad hoc committee for the negotiation of such an instrument in Vienna at the headquarters of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
Recognizing that citizens of several nations face corruption in their daily lives,
Reminding nations that many developing countries are experiencing severe corruption and throughout the upcoming years and will further aggravate the issue.
Aware that certain types of corruption include simple bribery to the most extreme of grafts.
Acknowledging that developing nations are affected by different problems that are damaging the economic growth of local and international businesses, especially towards developing nations, and that these issues must be solved if a country is to develop to its full potential.
Recalling the First Republic in Nigeria, where investigations proved Adegoke Adelabu guilty of political corruption in 1962, which lead to his resignation from his position as district council head.
1. Encourages the sharing of banking and capital transaction information between nations, as fulfilment of enterprise responsibilities and a crucial factor towards tackling subtle industrial and political corruption, in way such as: a. Affirming that nations and involved companies can voluntarily disclose data involving banking and capital transaction information, b. Encouraging the increase in transparency is greatly encouraged as fulfillment of enterprise responsibilities,
2. Affirms that the sharing banking information or transaction account is for and solely for tackling political and industrial corruption but not personal gain: a. Calls upon governmental authority and companies to verify data of banking and transaction information, b. Encourages measures to be taken to encrypt affected banking and transaction data for: i.
Preventing misuse and illegal obtain of such affected data,
ii.
Preventing alteration of such affected data for personal gain or acquit from crime;
3. Encourages involved copies of data of banking and transaction to be deleted by the UN after a certain period of time to ensure that: a. Information is corruptfree, b. Information is not alternated and invalid;
4. Expresses its hope to allow tracking of money flowing freely over the borders to and solely to track down and inhibit the growth of international/crossborder cases of political corruption and industrial corruption;
5. Calls upon all states to establish legal instruments that prohibit criminal and other offences that cover acts of corruption, criminalizing not only basic forms of corruption such as bribery and the embezzlement of public funds, but also trading in influence and the concealment and laundering of the proceeds of corruption;
6. Highlights the importance of all states to cooperate with one another and to strengthen their communications between institutional bodies and between institutional bodies and the UN, including: a. The provision of proof for prosecution upon the suspected, regarding cases of suspected corruption b. Lending mutual legal assistance when gathering and transferring evidence, to extradite offenders, c. Undertaking measures which will support tracing, freezing, seizure and confiscation of the proceeds of corruption;
7. Requests that a set amount of budget should be allocated in each member states to tackle corruption within, and this budget approved is used and solely used for tackling political and industrial corruption within the entrusted nation, with uses such as, but not limited to: a. Initiating anticorruption schemes, b. Establishing constitutional bodies deliberately for tackling corruption, c. Remediation of victims in corruption cases d. Initiating education programs specifically for tackling corruption;
8. Recommends all member states, especially developing countries, to raise
awareness among the general public about industrial and political corruption in ways such as: a. Issuing pamphlets and posters about international anticorruption day, b. Advocates and organizes events such as keynote speeches by those who were victims of corruption, c. Dissemination of posters, flyers and other materials, d. Include anticorruption thoughs and concepts in education syllabuses from young age;
9. Reaffirms that prevention of corruption is the first step in eradicating corruption, and this could be achieved by: a. Establishing of anticorruption bodies, community based organizations, or NGOs in the country, b. Enhancing transparency in the financing of election campaigns and political parties,
10. Calls upon developed nations to aid developing nations or nations suffering from heavy corruption by provisional of extra capital, since: a. Corruption poses a negative impact to the wellbeing of nations and foreign investment, free trade and the global economy, b. The importance of the provisional of capital and technologies from developed nations is crucial in tackling domestic and international corruption,
11. Affirms that the budget approved is monitored closely by the UN: a. Ensures the budget achieves its target use by the authority of the developing nation utilizing the budget, with method such as, but not limited to: i.
Deploys UN officials to the approved nation to monitor the utilization
of the approved budget, ii.
Plans the use of the budget ahead of approval so as to reduce chance of misuse of the apporved budget,
iii.
Checks progress of the effects of the utilization of the approved budget when possible,
b. Prevents by all means corruption and illegal use of the approved budget i.
For any section budget utilized, proposal and effectiveness report should be handed in for moderation of the UN,
ii.
UN officials deployed to the approved nation to supervise and investigate the utilization of the approved budget on request by the UN,
iii.
Stops all sponsor of budget once official in nation found guilty of corruption of or misuse of the approved budget, only reinitiate sponsor until ensured problem solved by UN officials;
12. Approves formation of the United Nations Commission Against Corruption (UNCOMAC) under the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC), which is: a. Entrusted by the UN to fight corruption in an international level, which: i.
Aims to: 1. Protect public interest and prevent breaches of public trust, 2. Provide resources, information, training and advice in effort to minimize corruption, 3. Reduce corruption risk amongst participating nations,
ii.
Has a role of: 1. Investigate and provide information and advice to international corruption cases when one of the following condition is reached:
a. The case of consideration is making negative effect not resided in one nation but in a global/ international scale, b. The matter involves the spine of a government and is impossible to be solved by the affected government, c. The matter involves personnel without a valid nationality, d. The matter is submitted voluntarily by a nation due to incapability of resolving the matter or any other concern, 2. Publish investigation reports to the public, a. Ensures transparency of the UNCOMAC, b. Ensures public opinion can be heard and public acknowledgement of the matter, 3. Act in accord to the guidelines and protocols set by the UNODC, 4. Coordinate action taken and resources allocated between local and international organizations fighting corruption, which includes governmental and nongovernmental organizations such as the Transparency International, 5. Fosters cooperation between the UN, developing nations and nongovernmental organizations concerning corruption such as the Transparency International, 6. Allocates resources from the UN to the targeted area efficiently and specifically, 7. Survey of countries benchmarking the extent of corruption, such as the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) by the Transparency International should be aided by the UN by providing vital information for the accuracy of results. The index should be updated regularly in aid of the UN for benchmarking the progress of reducing indices of corruption, 8. Supervises the global movement into a corruptfree world,
9. Advises individual nations on policies regarding anticorruption acts, iii.
Is refrained from: 1. Involvement in resolving personal grievances, 2. Investigation of any matter not related to corruption, 3. Investigation of any matter not falling in categories as specified in clause 3aii1, 4. Make judicial act upon suspects in investigated cases, 5. Violating any rule set upon by the UN,
b. Ensures all permanent states and observatory states are allowed to join in discussion on corruption issues in a fair manner;
13. Encourages the establishment of governmental institutions aimed to tackle corruption within the nation especially in developing countries and also the establishment of multinational institutions or international commissions tackling corruption across the borders: a. Fosters tackle of corruption within nations without direct UN interference, b. Encourages institutional bodies to share valued information between to foster communication and the overall efficiency of the institution, c. Encourages nations to learn from nations or regions successfully implemented anticorruption schemes such as the ICAC (Independent Commission Against Corruption) in Hong Kong SAR, China and the ACRC (AntiCorruption and Civil Rights Commission) in South Korea, d. Provides capital and technological support to developing nations establishing such institutions, e. Calls upon developed nations to provide capital and technological support to developing nations to establish such institutions, f.
Provides advices to such institutional bodies on request;
14. Decides to remain actively seized in this matter.