إﻋﺪادﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺪس
اﻟﻔﺮض رﻗﻢ 1اﻷﺳﺪس اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ
اﻟﺮﺷﯿﺪﯾﺔ
ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺤﯿﺎة واﻷرض
اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﯿﺔ 2011-2012 اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻣﺪة اﻹﻧﺠﺎز ﺳﺎﻋﺔ واﺣﺪة
اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ...................................................... :اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ....................................... :اﻟﺮﻗﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﺗﯿﺒﻲ .................................. :
اﺳﺘﺮداد اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف) 8ن(: – 1أرﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ وﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ 4 :ن ■ ■ ■ ■
أ – اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﯿﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﻮرﯾﺔ■ ■ ب -اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ ج – اﻟﻌﻀﻠﺔ اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ ■ ■ د – ﻗﻮس اﻻﻧﻌﻜﺎس
– 1ﺗﺘﻤﺪد اﻟﻌﻀﻠﺔ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻌﻮد إﻟﻰ ﻃﻮﻟﮭﺎ اﻷﺻﻠﻲ – 2ﻛﻞ ﺧﺒﺮ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ أﺣﺪ أﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﺤﺲ - 3ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﻟﺴﯿﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ أﺛﻨﺎء رد اﻟﻔﻌﻞ – 4اﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛﺔ أﺛﻨﺎء اﻻﻧﻌﻜﺎس
4ن
– 2أﺟﺐ وﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ : أ – أذﻛﺮ وﺳﯿﻠﺘﯿﻦ ﻟﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﮭﺎزﯾﻦ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ واﻟﻌﻀﻠﻲ 1..................................................................................................................... :ن ب -أذﻛﺮ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻧﻌﻜﺎس اﻟﺸﻮﻛﻲ .................................................................................................: 2...........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن ج – ﻣﺎ ھﻲ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ اﻹرادﯾﺔ 1..................................................................................................................................................................... :ن
اﻹﺳﺘﺪﻻل اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ واﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ) 12ن( ﻟﻔﮭﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻲ واﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ ,ﻧﺘﺘﺒﻊ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ .رأى ﺷﺨﺺ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻤﺮور اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮاﺟﻠﯿﻦ ،ﺛﻢ ﻣﺸﻰ ﻟﯿﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ , – 1اﺳﺘﺨﺮج اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﺺ وﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻛﻞ ﻧﺸﺎط ﻋﺼﺒﻲ 2 .....................................................................................................ن اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ
ﻧﻮﻋﮫ
—2ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ وﺻﻞ ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ ﺻﺪﻣﺘﮫ ﺳﯿﺎرة ﻣﺴﺮﻋﺔ وأﻟﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ ﺛﻢ ﺣﻤﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ,ﻓﺘﺒﻦ أﻧﮫ ﻻﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ أن ﯾﺤﺮك رﺟﻠﮫ اﻟﯿﺴﺮى .وﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺛﻠﺞ ﻻﯾﺤﺲ ﺑﮭﺎ وﻟﻜﻦ ﯾﺴﺤﺐ رﺟﻠﮫ .ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻔﺴﺮ ذﻟﻚ ؟ .....................................................................................................................................................................................: 1............................................................................................................................................................................................................ن – 3ﻣﺎ ھﻮ ﻧﻮع اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻨﮫ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ ؟ ........................................................................................................................... : .1...........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن – 4ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺎﻃﺔ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﻟﺴﯿﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ) وﺿﻊ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﯿﺴﺮى ﯾﺘﻢ ﺳﺤﺒﮭﺎ ( ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. – 5اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ وﺳﯿﻠﺔ ﻟﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ .................................................................................................................................................. 1...........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن –6ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻔﺤﺺ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻟﮭﺬا اﻟﺸﺨﺺ أن ﻋﻀﻼﺗﮫ ﻛﻠﮭﺎ ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺔ ,ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ وﺿﻊ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺐ ﻣﮭﯿﺠﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻀﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﯿﺴﺮى ﺗﺘﻘﻠﺺ .ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﯿﺘﺎن ﻟﻠﻌﻀﻠﺔاﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻨﮭﻤﺎ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﯾﺮﯾﺔ ................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2...........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن.. ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ رﺳﻢ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﺒﯿﻦ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﯿﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى ﻟﻠﻌﻀﻠﺔ اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ 1 ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................ن .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................... –8اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ وﺳﯿﻠﺔ ﻟﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻲ اﻋﺘﻤﺎدا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺳﺒﻖ 1......... ................................................................................................................. .ن ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................أﻧﺠﺰه :اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﯾﺰو.