Immunite4

‫إﻋﺪادﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺪس‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺷﯿﺪﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻔﺮض رﻗﻢ‪ 2‬اﻷﺳﺪوس‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺤﯿﺎة و اﻷرض‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻢ اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ ‪2012/2011 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ ‪ :‬اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ إﻋﺪادي‬ ‫ﻣﺪة اﻹﻧﺠﺎز ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ واﺣﺪة‬

‫اﻻﺳﻢ ‪ .............................................. :‬اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪ .... /3 :‬اﻟﺮﻗﻢ ‪ ..... :‬أﺟﺐ ﺑﻮﺿﻮح ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻮرﻗﺔ‬

‫‪1/2‬‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮداد اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف‬ ‫‪ -1‬أﺟﺐ ﺑﺼﺤﯿﺢ أو ﺧﻄﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻗﺘﺮاﺣﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ‪4).‬ن(‬ ‫‪..................‬‬ ‫ ﺗﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ اﻟﺤﻤﺎت ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻻﻧﻘﺴﺎم ‪.‬‬‫‪..................‬‬ ‫ ﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ اﻟﻔﺼﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪ A‬ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻮﻟﺪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎد ‪ A‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء‪.‬‬‫‪..................‬‬ ‫ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﯿﻼن ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﺮاض اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺎ ‪.‬‬‫‪..................‬‬ ‫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻼج ﻓﻌﺎل ﻟﻤﺮض اﻟﺴﯿﺪا‪.‬‬‫‪ -2‬ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯿﺔ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺗﺘﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺒﯿﻀﺎء و ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺄدوار ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ‪ ,‬اﻣﻶ ﻓﺮاﻏﺎت اﻟﺠﺪول ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺪور‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﯿﻔﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‪2) .‬ن(‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺒﯿﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻠﺰﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻔﺎوﻳﺔ ‪ T‬ﻗﺎﺗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﯿﻀﺎء ﻣﻔﺼﺼﺔ اﻟﻨﻮاة‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻔﺎوﻳﺔ ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫‪ -3‬أرﺑﻂ ﺑﺴﮫﻢ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ‪2).‬ن(‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻠﻘﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺼﺎل‬

‫اﻟﺪور اﻟﻮﻇﯿﻔﻲ‬

‫ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻓﯿﺮوﺳﺎت وھﻨﺔ‪.‬‬‫ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻐﻌﻮل ﻃﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻤﺪى ‪.‬‬‫ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺣﻘﻦ ﻣﻀﺎدات اﻷﺟﺴﺎم ‪.‬‬‫‪ -‬ﻟﻪ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﻓﻮري‪.‬‬

‫اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ و اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻲ و اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻷول )‪ 4,5‬ﻧﻘﻂ(‬ ‫ﻳﺒﯿﻦ اﻟﺠﺪول ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﺪات اﻟﻤﻀﺎد اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻠﮫﺎ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء‪ ,‬و ﻣﻀﺎدات اﻷﺟﺴﺎم اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺼﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬و ‪ AB‬و ‪.O‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺑﺘﻮﻇﯿﻒ ﻣﻌﻄﯿﺎت اﻟﺠﺪول ‪ ,‬ﺣﺪد ﻣﻮﻟﺪات اﻟﻤﻀﺎد و ﻣﻀﺎدات اﻷﺟﺴﺎم اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﯿﺰ ‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﻔﺼﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪1).O‬ن(‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻔﺼﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪1).AB‬ن(‬ ‫‪................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪2/2‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬ھﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﯿﻠﺔ ‪:O‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬أن ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺪم ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻓﺼﯿﻠﺘﻪ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪ A‬؟ ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻞ ﺟﻮاﺑﻚ‪1,5).‬ن(‬ ‫‪....................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪....................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬أن ﻳﻌﻄﻲ اﻟﺪم ﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻓﺼﯿﻠﺘﻪ اﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ ‪AB‬؟‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻞ ﺟﻮاﺑﻚ‪1).‬ن(‬ ‫‪....................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪....................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ )‪7,5‬ﻧﻘﻂ(‬ ‫ﻹﺑﺮاز ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻈﺎھﺮ رد ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺴﺮب إﻟﯿﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻧﻘﺘﺮح اﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﻌﻄﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -A‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺮض اﻟﻜﺰاز ﻋﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻤﯿﻦ ﺗﻔﺮزه ﻋﺼﯿﺎت ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﻋﺼﯿﺎت اﻟﻜﺰاز ‪ ,‬ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺔ رد ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺿﺪ‬ ‫ھﺬه اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻧﻘﺪم ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺠﺎرب أﺟﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻷراﻧﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮور ‪ 15‬ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮت ﺟﻤﯿﻊ أراﻧﺐ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﺳﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﻜﺰاز‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ‪:‬ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم ﻣﻮت أراﻧﺐ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﺳﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﻜﺰاز‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ׃ ﺣﻘﻨﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوﻓﺎن اﻟﻜﺰازي‬ ‫ﻋﺪم ﻣﻮت أراﻧﺐ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ׃ ﺣﻘﻨﺖ ﺑﻤﺼﻞ ﻣﺄﺧﻮذ ﻣﻦ أراﻧﺐ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﺄي ﻣﺼﻞ‬ ‫أﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ ﻟﮫﺎ أن ﺣﻘﻨﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوﻓﺎن اﻟﻜﺰازي وﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺣﻘﻨﺖ أراﻧﺐ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺑﺴﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﻜﺰاز‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﯿﮫﺎ‪2).‬ن( ‪........................................................................................................ :‬‬ ‫‪......................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.......................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.......................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﺘﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬ﻣﻌﻠﻼ ﺟﻮاﺑﻚ‪1).‬ن(‪.‬‬ ‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.......................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﻋﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ھﺬه اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺧﻄﺎﻃﺔ ‪1).‬ن(‬

‫‪-B‬ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺑﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﻋﺼﯿﺔ ‪ (BK) KOCH‬ﻣﺮض اﻟﺴﻞ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﺧﻄﯿﺮا ﻳﺼﯿﺐ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن و اﻟﺤﯿﻮان‪ ,‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ وھﻦ ﻟﮫﺬه اﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ‪ BCG‬وﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺿﺪ داء اﻟﺴﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺮي ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻔﺄرھﺬه اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب ׃‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻇﺮوف اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮت اﻟﻔﺄر‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﺄر ﺳﻠﯿﻢ ب ‪BK‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮت اﻟﻔﺄر‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﺄر ﺳﻠﯿﻢ )أ( ﺑﻤﺼﻞ ﻣﺄﺧﻮذ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺄر ﺳﺒﻖ ﺣﻘﻨﻪ ب ‪ BCG‬ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ ﺣﻘﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻔﺄر اﻟﺴﻠﯿﻢ )أ( ب ‪BK‬‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎء اﻟﻔﺄر )ب( ﺣﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﺄر ﺳﻠﯿﻢ )ب( ﺑﻠﻤﻔﺎوﻳﺎت ﻣﺄﺧﻮذة ﻣﻦ ﻃﺤﺎل ﻓﺄر ﺳﺒﻖ ﺣﻘﻨﻪ ب ‪BCG‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﻘﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻔﺄر اﻟﺴﻠﯿﻢ )ب( ب ‪BK‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﯿﮫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب ‪1‬و‪2‬و‪3) . 3‬ن(‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪...................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪..................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪..................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ‪0,5) .‬ن(‬ ‫‪..............................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﯿﺪ ﻛﺎﺑﻮري‬