HOK Engineering

hok en g i n e e r ing

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HOK ENGINEERING

#1 A/E firm as ranked by ENR

#1

#1

A/E firm as ranked by Architectural Record

Green Building A/E firm as ranked by ENR

2019, 2021 One of Fast Company’s Most Innovative Design Firms

HOK’s culture is rooted in design and technical excellence. This is where great engineering lives.

For over 50 years, we have delivered exceptional design with architects at HOK and those at other outstanding practices.

We engineer HOK’s most complex projects, from the new Terminal B at LaGuardia, the largest P3 project in US history; to KAUST, a 6.5 million square-foot LEED Platinum Lab of the Year; to the first-of-its-kind Mercedes-Benz Stadium Halo Video Board.

We thrive by finding creative, integrated solutions whether we are fine-tuning proven, cost-effective building systems, or exploring ambitious, unprecedented design.

Read on to find out more about our team and design portfolio.

If this is what you’re looking for in the next step in your career, we want to hear from you.

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MEET HOK LEADERS Claire Moore, PE, SE, LEED AP BD+C ENGINEERING PRACTICE LEADER

Claire’s work includes a wide range of experience in structural engineering design, project management and construction administration services. Her technical expertise encompasses both linear and nonlinear analysis, seismic evaluations and retrofits, structural design and BIM modeling.

With completed projects ranging from large iconic buildings to small-scale art installations, she has experience in a variety of project types, including higher education, healthcare, justice and aviation.

Claire sits on HOK’s Management Board and Technical Board.

Saad Dimachkieh, PE, CLEP, LEED AP ENGINEERING PRACTICE LEADER

An electrical engineer and engineering leader with nearly 40 years of experience, Saad works closely with owners, architects, consultants and contractors to integrate engineering design throughout all phases of project development. His expertise includes engineering management; design and documentation of lighting systems, power distribution systems and fire alarm systems; and coordination with consultants to design security and telecom systems. Saad sits on HOK’s Technical Board.

Gary Kuzma, PE, CEM, LEED AP, GBE ENGINEERING PRACTICE LEADER

Gary is a mechanical engineer with more than four decades of experience leading the mechanical engineering design for many of HOK’s most complex projects. He integrates innovative, highperformance engineering solutions into each building’s design. Gary leads teams in accommodating clients’ program requirements while ensuring system flexibility, reliability, maintainability and ease of operations. He has broad experience in value engineering and life cycle cost analysis, energy analysis and conservation, and sustainable design.

Matt Breidenthal, PE, SE, LEED AP ENGINEERING PRACTICE LEADER

Matt Breidenthal is a structural engineer responsible for delivering award-winning, complex and demanding multi-disciplinary projects. With a strong record of satisfied repeat clients, Matt brings a deep appreciation for interdisciplinary collaboration and is recognized for his ability to bring innovative and creative solutions. Matt has been lead engineer or Engineer of Record on over $10B of construction. He sits on HOK’s Marketing Board and Board of Directors.

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“We often find simple solutions

AND AN AWARDWINNING ENGINEERING

to complex problems through a collaborative team approach.”

TEAM “It’s fascinating to imagine what a new space looks like, how people experience a building and how the structure interacts with them.”

“We are partners in delivering great design.”

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Making a Difference By Design Diversity, Equity and Inclusion HOK is committed to embedding diversity, equity and inclusion into every part of our organization and work. We’re dedicating the resources required to make that happen.

Social Responsibility

A commitment to diversity is part of our ethos. We believe that to design the most inspirational and inclusive environments—places that make individuals feel like part of a community—we must approach design from many perspectives. We aim to have our project teams be as diverse as the clients we serve.

Since 2011, HOK Impact has formalized our approach to social responsibility and helped us blend our philanthropic efforts with our design services. Volunteers lead our approach to social responsibility and empowering our communities.

There is still much work to do. But we’re proud to share in this report the progress our global Diversity Advisory Council and many others across the firm are making to bring diversity, equity and inclusion into everything we do.

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One of HOK’s core values always has been to give back to the people and places where we work and live.

In 2020, despite the challenges of the pandemic, HOK’s offices continued to engage in acts of service in our communities.

Follow the link HERE to download our full report on how HOK is advancing our environmental, social and governance priorities.

n Designing for Equity We are rethinking how our work can be inclusive of everyone who will experience or be affected by the spaces we design.

An HOK task force is working on a “Designing for Equity” initiative to update our design approach to incorporate equitable design principles—and physical features that support them—into every project.

Our Vision is to • Design buildings and spaces that meet all human needs in an equitable, sustainable way.

• Foster communities in which all people have equal access to shelter, health and nature.

• Design spaces that enrich and inspire all people.

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ENGINEERING SERVICES STRUCTURAL

MECHANICAL

• Long-span & special structures

• Air distribution systems - VAV, constant

• Existing building assessments

volume, Demand Controlled Ventilation

• Foundation design

(DCV), displacement ventilation, underfloor air

• Linear and non-linear dynamic analysis

distribution (UFAD), dual facade

• Vibration analysis and design • Whole-building life-cycle analysis (WBLCA) • Renovation & retrofit design • Resilience based design • Seismic design • Structural modeling • Technical planning & conceptual studies

• Building automation systems-Integrated smart building systems • Central utility plants • Cooling condensate recovery systems • Energy recovery systems - Air, Water and Steam • Fuel containment systems • Geothermal systems and ground source heat pumps

ELECTRICAL

• Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

• Emergency/Standby generator systems

• Hydronic distribution systems-building and

• Energy management and conservation analysis

campus; variable primary or primary/secondary/

• Fire alarm and smoke detection systems

tertiary

• Grounding systems

• Natural ventilation design

• Lighting / lighting control systems

• Radiant systems-chilled beam systems, radiant

• Lightning protection systems • Low-voltage power distribution (600V and below) • Medium voltage power distribution (4.16kV – 69kV) • Photovoltaic power systems • Power monitoring • Short circuit calculations, protective device coordination studies, and arc flash studies • Sustainable / LEED Design • Uninterruptible power supply systems

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ceilings, radiant floors, snow melting • Renewable Energy Systems-Solar thermal • Resilience Based design-Mission critical systems • Steam distribution systems-up to 250 psig • Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems

FACADES

PERFORMANCE MODELING

• Building enclosure design consulting

• Climate and micro-climate analysis

• Thermal performance analysis

• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

• Performance Specification

• Cost analysis

ENERGY MODELING

• Daylighting analysis • Life cycle cost analysis

• Energy Infrastructure Master Planning

• Multi-Criteria Performance Analysis

• Thermal Comfort Analysis

• Solar resource assessment and levelized cost of

• Whole Building Energy Analysis

IT & ES SERVICES • Integration of IT&ES into built environment design • Master Planning including IT systems, Security systems, Airport system, etc.

• Passive & Active infrastructure (network and systems) design • Converged multi-service network design • Wireless LAN (WiFi) and DAS (distributed antenna system) design • Public Address and Digital Signage design • Command & Control Center design • Vulnerability & Threat Assessments • CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) • Access Control and Video Surveillance Systems • Parking Access Revenue Control Systems • Systems Integration planning and management

energy (LCOE) • Thermal comfort analysis

PLUMBING / FIRE PROTECTION • Fire pump/Secondary water storage tank • Gray/Rain Water retention and reuse system • Hot and Cold domestic water system • Medical/Process compressed air system • Medical/Process special gas systems • Medical/Process vacuum system • Mission critical systems • Natural Gas system • Purified water system • Sanitary waste/vent, grease waste/vent,

and process waste/vent systems

• Sprinklers and standpipe • Storm water and overflow systems • Vacuum waste systems

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Integrating science and art To create the most imaginative design solutions, HOK blends engineering rigor and optimization strategies with architectural logic and poetry. Our engineers work across every major building typology and provide expert guidance across structural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing and fire-protection engineering as well as facades, information technology and building physics.

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Mercedes-Benz Stadium Halo

The Halo structure, if “unrolled,” would be taller than the Eiffel Tower. HOK Engineering’s design was finished in less than two months and earned the National Council of Structural Engineers Association’s coveted “Most Outstanding Project” award.

Salt Lake City International Airport

The energy-efficient airport meets demanding seismic criteria with steel moment frames and buckling restrained braced frames while maintaining long, clear spans for traveler movement and sweeping landscape views.

BP High-Performance Computing Center

Designed to accommodate “the world’s largest supercomputer for commercial research,” the facility reached a remarkable power usage effectiveness ratio of 1.35 while providing a highly wind-resistant structure protects the computer while providing serene daylit workspaces.

Sidney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital

Daylit interior spaces, green roofs, landscaped courtyards and massive cantilevers define this LEED-gold healthcare facility. The hospital is able to serve 20 percent more patients in less square footage than in the healthcare system’s previous space.

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LAGUARDIA AIRPORT N E W T E R M I N AL B Façade Design Structural Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection IT and Electronic Systems Design

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La G uard i a Ai r p or t New Term i n a l B N ew Yor k , New Yo r k 1. 3M s q. f t Th e H O K s tru ctu ra l t e a m ’s a i r y, icon i c bri dge s a nd c o n c o u rse s solved a l o n g- s tan d i n g c h a l l e n g e in ai r- s i de effi ci en c y, re c i evi n g a 2 02 0 N C S E A E xc e l l e n c e i n Structu ra l E n gi n ee r i n g Awa rd .

A challenging proposal set forth by a Port Authority public-private partnership challenged teams to envision replacing the existing airport with a sleek, efficient gateway to the city—without canceling a single flight. The key finding that islands, not peninsulas, would alleviate the greatest number of efficiency bottlenecks differed significantly from the rest of the design competition entries.

The geometry of the bridge trusses were optimized from thousands of possibilities using an optimization workflow developed by the engineering team (STREAM). The bridges merge seamlessly with the faceted long-span roofs of the concourses which allow uninterrupted sight-lines from the control tower as well as column-free day-lit circulation space for travelers below.

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The airport achieved LEED Gold, bolsterd by Life-Cycle Analysis indicating significant structural embodied carbon reduction as well as several systems innovations. A supplemental solar thermal domestic water heating system was engineered and installed to reduce the carbon footprint of the Terminal B buildings. Rain water is harvested from a large portion of the Terminal B headhouse building and stored underneath the headhouse for sitewide irrigation and non-potable water usage on-site. High-performance water-reducing plumbing fixtures were selected and installed within all Terminal B buildings.

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La G u a rdia Airport N ew Te r m inal B: Facades The new Terminal B is a collection of separate Head House, Central Hall, Concourses, and connecting bridges, all united by the consistent language of the enclosures. The sculpturally shaped elevations, with fluid rounded edges and corners, are defined by a taut rain-screen metal panel skin surrounding the curtain wall glazing. HOK’s façade group developed the conceptual approach to the modular unitized glazing and metal panel skin and collaborated with specialty manufacturers and suppliers and the Skanska-Walsh Joint Venture in a Design-Assist delivery process.

The façade systems were all custom designed, with stringent requirements for security, thermal, acoustical, and structural performance tested in laboratory mock ups. The four systems used were cable wall, HSS ladder backup with veneer glazing, AESS steel fin mullion-supported gridded glazed frames and steel fin wall-supported ashlar-pattern glazing. The façade group guided and witnessed PMU tests and the extensive field testing conducted during Construction Administration.

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“The Enclosures Team at HOK has been consistently responsive and effective in helping SWJV meet the challenges of the LaGuardia Terminal B Project. Our collaborative efforts have culminated in creating a new and beautiful state-ofthe-art facility that will enhance the travel experience for generations of people who live in or travel through New York!”

Douglas C. Maines Project Director Skanska Walsh DesignBuild Joint Venture

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The terminal is equipped with a single mode fiber communication infrastructure that supports both the fixed (wired) and mobile (wireless) communications requirements of terminal operator, airlines, travelers, first-responders, and other stakeholders. The first phase of construction included two new MDFs (Main Distribution Frame rooms) located in Concourse B and the Central Heating Refrigeration Plant. This enabled a high availability, converged, multi-service Passive Optical Network (PON) to be installed and interfaced with the legacy systems to facilitate operation of the new facilities with the existing facilities throughout construction.

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MERCEDES BENZ S TAD I UM HALO Structural Engineering

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M ERCE DE S BENZ STA DIUM HA LO Atlanta, Georgia 71,000 seats At 56 feet tall and 1,100 feet in circumference, the Halo is the largest video

scoreboard

in

the

United

States. Named an NCSEA “Most Outstanding Project”, the Halo board support structure contains as much steel as a 150,000 square foot office building, and is supported by a long span roof structure that expands and contracts by several inches under service load conditions.

The structure needed to support the loads from the video board, while not weighing more than 550 tons, remain isolated from the differential movement

of

the

primary

roof

structure to which it connected at 200 points. The data points associated with the support locations ran into the hundreds of thousands, and the time available for design and documentation was only two months

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The Halo supports were required to align within 1”

The structural team created a parametric model to optimize

upon completion of construction to achieve video

the geometry, members and generate the Revit model. This

system tolerances. Thus the connections were

process accelerated the design period by a factor of three and

designed such that they could be flipped in order

allowed for modifications to key dimensions midway through

to align with various potential field conditions. The

the design process; changes that would have typically caused

structural team also created a custom survey data

a multi-week delay were fully accommodated within hours.

visualization tool to quickly evaluate vast amounts of survey data from the field during construction.

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HARTSFIELD JACKSON I N TE RNAT IO NA L A IRPO RT T ERM I NAL M O D E RNI ZATI O N Structural Engineering

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H A RTSFI E LD JACKSON I NT E RN ATI O N A L A IR PORT T E RM IN AL M ODER NIZATION Atlanta, Georgia 10,000 sq. ft.

To modernize the busiest airport in the world, HOK designed two soaring canopies to engage the curbside pick-up and drop-off areas and shelter travelers from the elements.

Developing parametric optimization scripts to iterate through thousands of possibilities, HOK’s engineering team drove the design of elegant design 864’-long canopies feature curved HSS steel Vierendeel trusses, laterally braced by a lace-like diagrid.

This scheme dramatically minimized the impact to airport operations and passenger experience during

construction anticipated by the airport, far exceeding the client’s expectations.

The structural team’s custom parametric scripts evaluated hundreds of possibilities, revealing the efficient form defining the structure’s geometry within a couple weeks.

The group chose ETFE rather than glass to clad the canopies. As the weight of ETFE is ten percent that of traditional glazing, it allowed the total weight of the canopies, including structure, to decrease by half. The team conducted thorough analysis and onsite evaluation of the approximately 1M square foot existing structure to verify the existing structure could support ETFE-clad canopies with minimal strengthening efforts.

This avoided new columns, braces, and foundations atop curbside circulation space and the facilities below.

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While the truss chords appear to have gradually varying curvature, they are actually comprised of discrete constant-curvature sections, which are significantly less expensive to fabricate.

Bearing pads prevent lateral loads from being transferred to the existing terminal

The canopy’s form is driven completely by function: the diagrid’s shape allows it to transfer lateral forces away from the existing 40-yearold terminal.

“The HOK team delivered a resounding series of design solutions for the airport’s high-profile modernization project.

Multiple challenges ranging from complex existing conditions and attention to solutions that maintain uninterrupted operations, were achieved with talent, energy and enthusiasm, combined with a commanding understanding and use of the current modeling technologies.”

Gary Summerlin Senior Design Manager City of Atlanta Department of Aviation

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ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISE LINE HE A D Q UART E RS Façade Design Structural Engineering Energy Modeling

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ROYAL CARI BBEA N CR UISE LINE H EADQ UARTE RS Miami, Florida 377,000 sq. ft.

The unique curvilinear floor lines project outward and inwards varying

This striking design requires that floor plate mass and stiffness geometrically varies from floor to floor, long cantilevers, floor beams subject to from floor to floor, mimicking a cruise liner about to embark.

high torsional moments and stresses and numerous transfer girders.

The engineering team’s response to these challenges is a pan-joist framed floor supported on post-tensioned girders spanning from the exterior columns to the interior core walls and columns. Transfer girders are post-tensioned to minimize depth as prestressing forces increase their stiffness and reduce deflections. The exterior curved open floor areas support green roofs, blurring the line between indoors and outdoors.

While the entire building is framed with concrete, the roof was designed with structural steel to minimize weight while providing dramatic cantilevers.

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Due to the buildings’ proximity to the sea, the soft soil would settle significantly under sustained loads. Accordingly, the ground floor was designed as a structural floor supported on intermediate piles while the superstructure columns were supported on deep auger cast piles and concrete pile caps. The high wind loads are resisted by a lateral system of shear walls and the concrete frames in the longitudinal directions and shear walls and simply reinforced girders transverse to shallow floor plates.

Completing the campus, the nine-level parking garage has long, clear spans with exterior spandrel beams designed to support an architectural fin similar to that at the office building and the fitness center. The long span beams and slab are designed to be post-tensioned. The roof of the garage supports a green space for sports, surrounded by a jogging track.

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PHILLIPS 66

NEW COR PO RAT E CAM PUS Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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P H I LLIPS 66 NEW COR PORATE CA MP US Houston, Texas 1.1M sq. ft. corporate headquarters; 1.1M sq. ft. parking garage The Project earned all 19 points for USGBC LEED credit EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance. A “Demand Based Management” philosophy was fundamental to all aspects of the building design. The chilled water plant uses variable speed chillers, pumps and cooling towers controlled by a plant optimization software to manage resources with the lowest possible electrical power needed. Total energy recovery wheels are used in conjunction with dedicated outdoor air systems to pre-condition outdoor air by transferring energy from the building exhaust. LED lighting throughout is controlled by a sophisticated system which operates based on occupancy and adjusts artificial light levels in response to natural light.

Extensive sub-metering of cooling energy, heating energy and electric power provides real time and historical operating performance used to inform system management. Working closely with Phillips 66’s IT team, the team implemented data virtualization to reduce the on-site data center’s electrical power consumption.

Achieving LEED Platinum and an ASHRAE Region VIII Technology Award, the team’s design already addressed most of ASHRAE’s 2020 recommendations for a pandemic scenario.

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“When I asked Phillips 66 if there was anything I could do to assist them with a COVID-19 response, their reply was ‘Thank you! You already have.’” said Gary Kuzma, engineering practice leader in our Houston studio.

Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) for office floors include HOK’s next-generation underfloor air distribution (UFAD) that evolved from listening to past clients advice and experience with UFAD systems.

The system is highly flexible and can be easily adapted to accommodate changes in heating and cooling loads and is easily re-configurable. Personal controls allow occupants to adjust temperature to control the environment around them.

The team engineered steel framed office towers (14 story & 16 story) constructed integrally with the 6 story structural steel framed podium base. Office towers are connected with a pair of non-parallel chord, 10 story trusses located above the podium roof to allow connectivity between the two towers. Structural framing at podium roof was designed to accommodate an 18,500 sq. ft. organic, free-form skylight to allow natural light to filter into the floor levels below. The structural design also included an 8 story post-tensioned concrete parking structure, the roof of which provides an outdoor multi-purpose sports field and track.

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GRADY HEALTH SYSTEM

COR R E L L PAV I L I ON FO R ADVANCE D S URG I CAL SE RVI C E S Structural Engineering

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GRADY HE ALTH SYST EM C ORRE LL PAVILION FOR A DVA NCED S URG I CAL S ERVI C ES Atlanta, Georgia 232,000 sq. ft. surgical center over 348,000 sq. ft. parking

Keen to increase capacity and separate patient care areas by discipline, Grady Health System (GHS), Atlanta’s central community provider and Level One Trauma center engaged HOK’s structural and architectural teams to construct a major outpatient services center downtown. The Correll Pavilion is a new, free-standing ambulatory surgery and clinic center adjacent to GHS Main campus connected to the main hospital by a new pedestrian bridge.

The state-of-the-art facility includes four levels of reinforced concrete outpatient medical facility and a mechanical penthouse above four levels of PT parking structure providing

The key structural features include an aggressive double cantilever at the main entry, enabling programmatic requirements and shading entrants to the lobby. Long-span girders of the parking structure support col600 parking spaces, and ground-level clinical space.

umns from the patient facility above, allowing a grid system change at level 5. HOK Structures frequently addresses the challenge of placing vibration-sensitive healthcare programming above parking and achieves it through a level of stiff transfer girders. The medical facility is designed to supply specific vibration performance to suit the intended use and equipment requirements of each floor, including operating rooms, imaging, and MRI rooms. The lateral system features a mix of concrete shear walls and moment frames to efficiently control drift while maintaining open space within the facility.

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BP HIGH PERFORMANCE CO MPU T I N G C EN T ER Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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BP HI GH PE RFOR MA NCE COMP UTI N G C EN TE R Houston, Texas 110,000 sq. ft.

HOK was commissioned to design and engineer a new High-Performance Computing (HPC) facility at BP’s west Houston campus. The three-story, stand-alone building housing all functions and equipment associated with state-of-the-art HPC technology requirements, including “the world’s largest supercomputer for commercial research” and global operations offices spaces.

The fully glazed, undulating north facade captures attention while welcoming visitors with an approachable scale.

Servers and mechanical systems are oriented to the south and encased in the opaque, precast concrete shell.

Optimal solar orientation and highperformance mechanical and electrical systems provide a power usage effectiveness (PUE) well below the typical data center average. When an The fully glazed office spaces are located to the north.

ideal power usage effectiveness (PUE) is 1.0, typical data centers average is 1.8. Yet, the facility reached a remarkable PUE of 1.35 of the total energy.

Designed to resist winds of up to 130 mph, the facade is the building’s first line of defense. Inside, reinforced CMU walls define the data center and protect the computers. Computing spaces are equipped with a steeper roof slope, ensuring that water drains away from the equipment. In the case of a water outage, an underground reservoir can assist with cooling the space and equipment.

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HALAS HALL EXPANSION CH I CAG O BEARS

Structural Engineering

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C HI CAG O B EA RS H ALAS HALL EX PA NSION Chicago, Illinois 195,000 sq. ft.

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HOK’s structural design accommodates specialty training equipment including hydrotherapy pools, a three-story, vibrationally isolated weight room, an indoor turf classroom, elevated outdoor patios, and custom exposed steel trusses and canopies. The existing facility renovation includes enclosing two elevated outdoor patios, installing an elevator, and a 28’x5’ feature video board. The additional space also includes a learning center for staff training and professional development, a nutrition center, an expanded sports medicine space, a helmet-fitting room, and wellness rooms.

HOK collaborated closely with the specialty equipment manufacturers and MEP to meet strict product-driven vibration and deflection requirements.

Through a close collaboration between HOK and Mortenson, in August 2019 the Chicago Bears expanded their existing training facility, Halas Hall, with a 165,000 ft2 addition, and a 30,000 ft2 renovation. The addition consists of a partial floor basement, with cantilevered concrete retaining walls, and up to four levels of elevated steel framing. The addition connects to the existing structure on two floors.

Constructed in only 17 months, the HOK structural team worked closely with Mortenson to identify critical submittals and hot RFIs to keep the project on schedule.

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STANFORD CENTER FOR ACADEMIC MEDICINE Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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STA N FO RD CENT ER FOR ACA DEM I C MED I C I N E Stanford, California 170,000 sq. ft.

The Stanford School of Medicine’s clinical faculty and staff did not have an office space away from the hospital where they could come together to work and collaborate with colleagues, so HOK designed a new building to allow those chance encounters and cross-pollination of ideas to flourish. The large volume glass lobby was provided with a radiant cooled and heated floor for enhanced comfort and energy savings. The initial aspiration was that the center be an entirely naturally ventilated space. A multitude of mechanical systems were evaluated using a Life Cycle Cost Analysis including natural ventilation, solar chimneys, radiant systems and high volume low speed (HVLS) ceiling fans which would make this possible. While concerns regarding pest control in the wooded surroundings ultimately led the client away from 100% natural ventilation, the very high efficiency of the Stanford central energy facility allowed a traditional VAV system to provide the overall best life cycle cost assessment. The large volume glass lobby was delivered with a radiant cooled and heated floor for enhanced comfort and energy savings and AHUs were selected with low face velocities to provide fan energy savings.

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Solar PV & Solar Thermal

Rainwater collection Energy Recovery

Green roofs

Radiant slabs vs. UFAD Passive ventilation

Biophilic design

Evaporative cooling

Stormwater Collection & Treatment

Irrigation

Thermal massing

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STA N FO RD CENT ER FOR ACA DE M IC M EDICINE

Several significant structural elements were utilized to create the dramatic approach to the building. Four steel trusses at the roof cantilever out to support the floors below creating a dramatic column free overhang at the entrance corner of the building. The terrace suspended from the trusses offers sweeping views of the hills beyond campus. At the ends of the building wings facing the arboretum, the terraces are cantilevered to allow column-free views. The exterior corridor along one wing of the building is hung from the roof to allow more column-free space at the courtyard adjacent to the auditorium. Two pedestrian bridges link the narrow wings of the building, one hung from the structure above the other rising up out of the landscaped plaza. The bridges allow the narrow building wings to embrace courtyards, while connecting the building occupants to one another. The building provides diverse settings for collaboration near the woods and in plazas, balconies, walkways, porches and terraces. The heavily landscaped plaza conceals a 3-story below-grade parking garage under the building and courtyards. Buckling restrained braced frames comprised the above grade building lateral force resisting system and concrete shear walls in the parking garage portion of the building. The building is designed to meet Stanford’s Seismic Design Guidelines and reviewed via their Peer Review process. A nonlinear analysis was performed to demonstrate the building seismic performance.

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LG

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LG NORTH AMERICA HE ADQ UARTE RS Facade Design

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LG HE ADQ UART ER S Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 367,580 sq. ft.

Daylight

reaches

workspaces

in

deep

the

into

the

LEED-Platinum

buildings’ campus,

surrounded by 27 acres of scenic green space.

Rooftop solar panels will generate approximately 1,500 megawatt hours of electrical power annually. Sustainable site strategies include restoration of five wetlands to increase native bird habitat.

A custom, glass-enclosed “cube” links the two buildings and features an open atrium and product galleries. The Cube atrium space enclosed in a custom Architectural Exposed Structural Steel facade system joins the two office bars. The offices are clad in customized unitized curtain wall.

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The HOK Facade Design group engineered the steel structural elements that lend the Cube its design language as well as structural and thermal perfomance. The team also quality control tested all enclosures on the facility.

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HAMAD INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT PASSE NG E R T ER MI NA L C O M P L EX Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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H A M AD IN TE RNAT IONA L A IR PORT PASSE N GE R TER MINA L COMPLEX Doha, Qatar 6.46M sq. ft.

83 °F

This project is a testament to HOK’s ability to deliver a large, complex, fast track project anywhere in the world. The

78 °F

success and rapid growth of the national carrier, Qatar Airways led to the project more than doubling in size after construction had started. To create a thermally comfortable environment in an extreme climate, the minaret draws outdoor air into the mosque from far above the parking garage below.

74 °F

73 °F

To address extreme heat and solar loads at the perimeter spaces, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to validate and optimize the HVAC design.

Displacement air ventilation systems integrated into the mosque floor and walls create a comfortable space during hot and humid summer months and allows expansive roof skylights free from ductwork.

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While it doesn’t rain often in Qatar, when it rains, it pours. Rather than slope stormwater piping through the narrow soffit, a syphonic roof drainage system allows horizontal pipes to drain water from the roof of the 6.5m sqft structure, taking advantage of ideal drainage points created by the undulating roof.

Hanging a lap pool, enclosed by glass, was not only a structural feat, but also an innovative HVAC exercise to maintain a low humidity in the pool area and avoid condensation on glass.

Dedicated dehumidification systems control humidity while specialized ductwork became part of the design aesthetic of the space.

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ASIA SOCIETY Structural Engineering Architect: Taniguchi and Associates

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ASI A SO CIE TY Houston, Texas 30,000 sq. ft.

The minimalist structure is intended to house Asian-American art, exhibitions, movies and performances, it is a 30,000 sq. ft., two-story building with display areas, an auditorium and roof garden with water fountain displays on the second floor.

Renowned

Japanese

Architect,

Yoshio

Taniguchi engaged HOK to engineer a structure that would be as much art as the pieces it housed. The team delivered a sleek concrete flat slab floor framing system supported on high-strength concrete columns not more than 5” to 6” in diameter. The roof was framed with long span joists supported at exterior walls allowing a column-free interior.

Key aesthetics driven by engineering ingenuity were stairs and cantilevered roof projections which appear to levitate. Roof cantilevers taper to a 4” thickness, evoking the horizontal lines of the Texas landscape.

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EMORY UNIVERSITY HSRB II Structural Engineering HOK | 66

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E M ORY U N IVE RSITY H EALTH SCIE NCE R ESEA RCH B UIL D I N G H RS B - I I Atlanta, Georgia 350,000 sq. ft.

This new biomedical research facility includes office and laboratory space for translational researchers in neuroscience and cancer research, amongst other disciplines. The project has high sustainability goals, and interfaces with an existing facility with tight floorto-floor spacing that might have made achieving those goals a challenge due to limited space for intra-floor services required to achieve high energy efficiency

HOK’s Structural team helped lead integrated design strategies to address this and other key challenges such as providing a 5-10% embodied carbon reduction. targets.

HOK | 68

The floor framing system is designed to meet tight vibration limits in several laboratory areas. The structural team led a series of multi-parameter optimization studies to arrive at the appropriate balance of structural depth, services depth, location-specific vibration performance that met the project goals within the floor-to-floor height limitation.

The structural team proposed a system that addressed a fundamental challenge at the beginning of design: the project included three large programmatic elements which required different column arrangements. The structural and architecture teams worked together to streamline the program and structure such that the building could employ a single transfer level with a framing layout optimized for both constructability and minimal depth.

The design includes several feature structural elements in the large six-story central atrium, including dual sculpted pedestrian bridges, a multi-tiered cantilever stair, and a prominent full-height façade supported by a concealed truss at roof level.

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SALT LAKE CITY

I NT E RN AT I O N AL AI RPO RT Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

IT and Electronic Systems Design Façade Design

71 | HOK

SALT LAKE CIT Y INT ER NAT IONA L A I RPORT Salt Lake City, Utah 2.6M sq. ft.

Engineering strategies helped drive the design for 29 independent structures with rigorous seismic requirements and climatic challenges.

Situated near the Wasatch Fault on the soft soil and high water table of the Great Salt Lake, the buildings need to meet rigorous earthquake safety standards. As the airport is in the high desert, the site experiences large thermal swings. Combining these challenges with large floor plates resulted in 29 structurally independent structures. HOK’s Structural Engineering solutions for the new Terminal and Concourse include steel moment frames and bucking restrained braced frames which allowed column-free circulation through security checkpoints and concourses.

The climatic challenges were also met with customized MEP systems, striving for LEED Gold. Indirect / Direct Evaporative Cooling (IDEC) systems suit the dry climate of Salt Lake City and reduce overall mechanical cooling energy 80% from the ASHRAE 90.1 baseline. Displacement air systems are utilized in circulation spaces to reduce fan energy while increasing ventilation effectiveness. Displacement air diffusers are integrated in column covers and floor grilles to hide air outlets from view. The north plaza is served by a radiant floor for heating and cooling, to maintain a higher level of comfort than could be achieved by traditional air mixing systems.

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“One of the reasons we are

“To efficiently design 29

building a new airport is to bring

buildings simultaneously at Salt

it up to 21st Century seismic

Lake City International Airport,

standards, and knowing that we

we put in place lean processes:

will soon have facilities capable

pull planning, feedback loops,

of withstanding a 7.2 magnitude

and constraint logs. We also

earthquake is reassuring, and I

spent a lot of upfront time

am sure will also be welcomed

working out scripts and

by our passengers.”

workflows that made it possible to perform tasks that previously

-Bill Wyatt, Director of Airports,

required weeks in just hours.”

Salt Lake City -Claire Moore, Engineering Practice Leader

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HOK | 74

An elevated finned tube heater (shown as red line in right image) maintains comfort adjacent to the curtain wall.

Radiant heating and cooling slabs minimized air diffusers in the displacement ventilation system. The perimeter air diffusers were located between curtain wall vertical mullions and return air taken through concealed ceiling openings.

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UPM C

U NI V E RSI T Y O F PI TTSBURG H M E DI CAL CE NT E R VI SI O N AND RE HABI LI TATI O N TOW E R AT U P M C M E RCY Structural Engineering

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U N I V E RSITY OF PITTSB URGH MED I CAL C EN TER ( UP MC ) VI S I ON AN D REHA B ILITATION TOWER AT UP MC MERCY Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 410,000 sq. ft.

Scheduled to open in 2022, the new facility is entirely dedicated to treating blindness and low vision conditions which will include leading-edge clinical spaces for research trials and interdisciplinary research. The structure of the facility consists primarily of a concrete flat slab supported by concrete columns and beams, with certain areas employing steel due to localized design requirements. The concrete floor plate manages the complex spatial variation of floor vibration requirements across use types, due to the significant amount of sensitive equipment used.

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In order to achieve the architectural vision and programing goals, a transition to steel structure in key areas was required. The most notable is the tower bridge which spans over the main entrance drive below.

The trusses range in span from sixty-five to one hundred twenty feet and support levels four through eleven (roof). Another integration of the two structural materials occurred on the East side of the building to support the exterior collaboration stair. The glazed conduit was critical to the overall function of the building which provided casual interaction space for occupants of different disciplines.

Support of the enclosure required columns which extend over sixty feet in height, unbraced. Concrete filled steel tubes were used to maintain the sleek and minimal appearance of the glass enclosure. Other creative structural features of the project are the use Lastly, the two multi-story entrance atriums enclosed by glass were framed in steel.

of transfer beams, transfer walls, and walking columns to accommodate the loading dock and garage programing with the differing column grid of the clinical program above.HOK’s structural engineering team worked closely with the contractor to allow the foundation construction and fabrication of the steel transfer trusses to start ahead of the full construction documents being submitted, allowing the earliest construction completion date.

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AT LA N TA H AWKS AND E MO RY H EALT H CA RE

SPORTS MED ICINE COMPLEX Structural Engineering

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AT L ANTA HAW KS A ND E M ORY SPO RTS MEDICINE COMPL E X Atlanta, Georgia 90,000 sq. ft.

Winner of the Engineering News Record Southeast Award of Merit, the 90,000 sq. ft. Atlanta Hawks Practice Facility and Emory Sports Medicine Complex is an unprecedented building typology. The Hawks’ new practice facility is the NBA’s first to be located within a sports medicine center allowing for immediate treatment and on-site access to high-tech equipment such as the 3 Tesla MRI scanner, which provides fast, high quality diagnoses for soft tissue and bone bruise injuries.

A core of concentric braced frames frees up the building perimeter for expansive glazing, allowing natural light to filter through the complex. The training facility includes customized structure for therapy pools, video rooms, and the central practice courts. The medical facilities feature equipment specific vibration design, including an MRI machine room located on the second floor and supported by structural steel framing.

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“We were able to deliver a world-class training facility weeks ahead of schedule and 2% under budget.”

Thad Sheely Chief Operating Officer, Atlanta Hawks

Located just outside of downtown Atlanta in Brookhaven, the facility was designed and constructed in less than 24 months. HOK’s structural engineering team provided phased deliverables with weekly packages issued for steel and concrete trades. The coordination of the structural deliverables with the field schedule allowed the fast-track delivery of the foundations and building structure to keep the project on schedule.

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RI CHARD E. ARNASON JUS T I CE C E N T ER Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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RI C HARD E . AR NASON JUST ICE CE N TER Pittsburg, California 71,600 sq. ft.

This new courthouse building serves as a gateway to an emerging civic center in Pittsburg’s central business district. The daylit building was recognized in the AIA’s Justice Facilities Review 2013 which praised “the building’s warmth, sense of openness and the use of natural light throughout.”

Sustainable features include extensive natural light and a green roof system that helps reduce runoff and cool the building. The new facility exceeds Title 24 energy use by 22.5% using energyefficient HVAC systems and high-efficiency lighting. Further, efficient plumbing fixtures reduced interior water use by 40%. The building is LEED Silver Certified.

The building HVAC design employs the use of a built-up VAV system with frictionless compression chillers. The cooling tower uses chemical free water treatment. The courthouse also incorporates a full building automation system, with thermostats, CO2 sensors, occupancy sensors, and photo sensors to regulate the HVAC and electrical lighting demands. Building orientation, high performance glazing systems and shading devices all mitigate heat gain while maximizing natural light. Only energy-star-rated appliances were used in the building, and construction was completed in less than two years.

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CHICAGO O’HARE

I NT E R NAT I O N A L A IR PO RT T ERMI NAL 5 E XPANSI O N Structural Engineering IT and Electronic Systems Design

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C H I CAGO O ’HAR E INTER NAT IONA L AI RPORT T E RM IN AL 5 E X PA NSION Chicago, Illinois 260,000 sq. ft.

The terminal 5 expansion includes a new 1200 foot long, two story, 260,000 square foot concourse with 7 new gates and a dining area, and a two story, 100,000 square foot addition to the existing Headhouse which will house additional airline club, circulation, and baggage handling spaces. The concourse roof structure provides an expansive column-free interior space through the use of roof girders spanning from 70 to 150 feet. The long-span roof is split lengthwise by a clerestory at mid-span, requiring the use of a series of bent roof girders. Parametric modeling was used during the design process to achieve the dynamic roof form with a series of planar and single-curvature surfaces, reducing the structural complexity.

The Headhouse addition is constructed atop a sub-grade portion of the existing terminal that extended beyond the above-ground building footprint, requiring a high level of coordination with the existing structure.

Additionally, the expansion, which sits over the current and active Customs and Border Protection Arrivals Hall, was almost entirely supported by existing foundations with limited latent load-bearing capacity, requiring an efficient and lightweight structural design to minimize the new loads placed on the existing building. During the concept and schematic design phases, HOK worked with the broader design team to maximize the expansion potential of the existing building.

HOK | 90

The project includes converged multi-service PONs (Passive Optical Networks) that support airport, airline, and other stakeholder communications requirements. It will be the first airport where Customs Border and Protection (CBP) has agreed to allow PON to support CBP communications requirements. This was important because it allowed the elimination of 3 CBP strong rooms to house network equipments since PON is not subject to the 100 meter limitation that conventional Ethernet is. The PONs will be interfaced with existing airport and CBP networks to facilitate integrated operations of new and existing airport/ terminal facilities.

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CA LS TR S HE ADQUARTERS Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

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Sacramento, California 620,000 sq. ft.

The tower’s Energy Star 94-100 rating and LEED Platinum efficiency “symbolizes CalSTRS’ promise to sustainability” -CalSTRS

The new headquarters for the California State Teachers’ Retirement System (CalSTRS) acheives LEED Platinum facility and includes 13 floors of office space and two floors of mechanical space above a 5 level podium structure.

Energy modeling performed during the early design stages identified potential energy saving strategies. The glazing and interior space plan maximize daylight penetration and include high efficiency lighting fixtures and automatic lighting controls utilizing daylight sensors and occupant sensors. The building uses high efficiency chillers and an underfloor air distribution system, resulting in increased comfort, enhanced indoor air quality, and reduced energy use. In addition, the UFAD system allows up to 90% of the individuals on each tower floor to control the air flow to their personal work areas.

Full building commissioning of all energy-related systems confirmed proper operation for energy efficiency and comfort. A direct digital control system was provided for control and monitoring of mechanical systems, with full trend logging capabilities.

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C ON FI D E N TIAL

NET-ZERO

ENERGY

C ORPO RATE CA MP US

Structural Engineering

South America

Electrical Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

115,000 sq. ft.

Plumbing and Fire Protection IT and Electronic Systems Design Façade Design

30-35 kbtu/sf EUI demand

30-35 kbtu/sf PV production

HOK delivered full-services for a paradigm-shifting net zero corporate campus in South America. The campus is comprised of two structural steel buildings and a service building which provide a cafeteria, fitness center, training center, laboratory, data center, and control room. Architecturally exposed structural steel (AESS) on both the interior and facade unifies the campus. Situated in a lush tropical region, HOK’s design focused on using systems that can be procured and installed by local construction personnel.

While Net Zero was not a programmatic requirement for this project, HOK was able to deliver this cutting-edge performance within the client’s budget, which was determined by an early life-cycle cost analysis. HOK’s engineers worked hand in hand with the architecture team during concept design to optimize the building footprint, orientation, shading devices and glazing percentages and minimize the energy demand, driving the EUI down from the ASHRAE 90.1 2010 baseline to an EUI entirely offset by the HOK-designed on-site power generation system, resulting in one of the first net-zero energy corporate complexes in South America.

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Energy conservation measures involved air-to-air energy recovery, variable refrigerant air conditioning system allowing localized control, high efficiency LED lighting, demand controlled ventilation for kitchen exhaust. On-site power generation will be accomplished through high-efficiency photovoltaic cells connected to the parking canopies complete with battery storage and 100% generator back-up. The engineering team’s analysis found that the payback period for the photovoltaic array will be less than 10 years. Further, due to unpredictible water resources, HOK provided a water collection, storage, and treatment system with which provides the added resilience of five-day off-grid water supply when needed.

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811 MAIN Structural Engineering Architect: Pickard Chilton

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8 1 1 MAI N Houston, Texas 973,861 sq. ft.

Breathing new life into the Houston skyline, the tower at 811 Main reaches 47-stories in lightweight concrete by delivering load from exterior columns to interior shear walls via post-tensioned concrete girders. Developed by Hines Interests, the office tower sits atop a 10-story garage. In wind-prone Houston, a wind tunnel test was conducted which concluded that a building of this shape, which was architecturally advantageous for the office space within, would twist noticeably under an angular wind direction. HOK engineers determined that the shape would be feasible if this force was countered by post-tensioning the perimeter girders to increase their stiffness. With this system in place, the shear walls of the core can easily manage the balance of torsional behavior.

An eye-catching feature and design challenge, the cut-back in plan between levels 39 and 44 would traditionally require deep transfer girders at level 39 to span across the width of the building, supporting the inset columns from above. However, the architectural and MEP constraints did not allow for the higher floor to floor height a deep floor-framing system would require.

To address this, a system of diagonal columns was devised by the structural team which begin at level 37 and extend two stories to the base of inset columns at level 39. At level 37, the girders at the base of each column were post-tensioned to act as a tension tie member. The adjacent floor areas were reinforced to support the additional tension load.

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99 | HOK

DUKE RALEIGH Structural Engineering

HOK | 100

BE D TOWE R

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D UKE RALE I GH B ED TOW ER Raleigh, North Carolina 202,000 sq. ft.

In the interest of modernizing and expanding the hospital’s services, Duke Health engaged HOK to design an addition that was both accessible to the public and integrated with the existing facility. The design covers 202,000 square feet of hospital space, including a bed tower addition and a 27,000 square foot operating wing. Nestled between the existing hospital and a medical office building, the layout of the new facility corresponds to the challenges involved in fitting the new structure onto a site with limited space availability.

New bed tower inserted amongst several existing facilities New operating wing, loading dock and additional patient entry

Expansion joints at existing structure interfaces Adjacent facilities operational during construction

Significant grade variation, underpinning at existing medical office building New connector to existing facility New feature entry with canopy

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Moment frames are the primary lateral force resisting system utilized to resist the seismic requirements of the area and critical nature of the facility.

HOK engaged SidePlate for moment frame connections that saved interior space for programmatic flexibility and reduced erection time in the field.

This system also helped limit deflections which minimized expansion joint sizes between the new and existing hospital buildings, key in maintaining smooth, wheel-friendly hallways.

The structure of the South Pavilion includes provisions for construction of a future helipad at the roof. The design of the floors of the bed tower and OR are designed to minimize vibrations due to

occupancy and footfall. The project scope also includes the design of a new Central Energy Plant, replacing the existing, outdated system. HOK preemptively tackled design challenges by proactive coordination with in-house architectural design, early engagement with multiple disciplines, and an emphasis on precise BIM modeling. These approaches encouraged communication between the Owner, Engineer, and Contractor, and assisted in reducing unanticipated conditions in the field.

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SAN M ATE O COUNT Y SHER IFF’S FO REN S I C S L A BO RATO RY AND CORONER ’S OFF I C E San Mateo, California 29,000 sq. ft.

Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering

HOK | 104

In this one-story building, HOK designed a “living lab” for sustainability that set new performance standards for forensics laboratories. All regularly occupied areas of the building are daylit, and office areas have operable windows.

The orientation of the building, large roof overhangs, north-facing clerestory windows, and canted windows on the southwest reduce glare while maximizing daylight. All the mechanical and electrical systems are exposed, making them easier to maintain.

The sloped roof houses 1,418 rooftop-mounted, polycristalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) panels over an area of 22,000 SF. The team modeled energy use and peak loads at 50% less than California energy requirements. With a peak output of 202 kilowatts, the 22,000 square feet of photovoltaic panels produce enough power to accommodate all non-HVAC electrical requirements and to export energy back to the grid during offpeak daylight hours. In addition to the photovoltaic system, it features architectural sun control; daylight harvesting and advanced lighting controls with occupancy sensors and photocells (very little artificial lighting is necessary during the day); natural ventilation via operable windows in office areas; energy-efficient fume hoods and HVAC systems; and sustainable building materials such as lab casework made of certified wood with epoxy resin tops.

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ASTRAZENECA

SOUTH SAN FRANCI SCO L A B Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

HOK | 106

107 | HOK

AST RAZE N E CA SOUTH SA N F RAN CISCO LAB San Francisco, California 145,000 sq. ft.

The Astra Zeneca lab renovation project required the installation of the abatement system for the exhaust treatment of effluent gases in the pharmaceutical processes to meet high environmental standards. The abatement system as well as other equipment and lab uses required a large volume of liquid nitrogen and the existing facility infrastructure was not adequate to support all new loads. The challenge was supporting all lab equipment in a small existing mechanical room and service yard.

The design team looked into multiple options such as a nitrogen cylinder/dewar farm, nitrogen generator, reduced abatement running time, and bulk liquid nitrogen (LN2) tank. Per the team’s calculations, bulk LN2 was the most feasible but the challenge was where to house the tank, ultimately solved by an outbuilding the size of a couple parking spots.

Additional electrical and mechanical building infrastructure upgrades were undertaken to support the project operational requirements. The shell building standby generator fuel tanks were enlarged and the standby power circuiting was augmented to allow the laboratory spaces to operate for days without interruption. Through intelligent space planning and HVAC design, the shell building heating and cooling plant, air handling

Minor piping and ductwork interconnections provide N+1 redundancy for all of the major mechanical systems at minimal additional cost to the project. units, and laboratory exhaust fans were reconfigured.

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KI NG ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY S CI E NC E AN D T E C H NO LO GY Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Plumbing and Fire Protection

HOK | 110

OF

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KI NG ABDU LLAH UNIV ER SIT Y OF SC I E N CE AN D T ECHNOLOGY ( K AUS T) Thuwal, Saudi Arabia 5.5M sq. ft.

The largest LEED-Platinum project in the world at the time it was built, KAUST was delivered by HOK design and engineering teams in just three years.

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology’s (KAUST) is a highly acclaimed world class research university located on the Red Sea coast in Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. It was born from the late King Abdullah’s vision and is a lasting legacy. KAUST consists of 27 buildings totaling 5.5 million square feet, including two million square feet of lab space spread across four 500,000 square foot buildings.

Despite the many challenges of building the campus in Saudi Arabia’s harsh climate, KAUST became the world’s largest LEED Platinum project at the time of its certification and was able to realize substantial reductions in water and energy use. The engineering team integrated many passive design solutions combined with numerous innovative engineering strategies for energy-efficient MEP systems, such as: chilled beams, total energy recovery wheels, underfloor air distribution, smart lighting controls, variable frequency drives and low-friction loss duct and piped design.

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The highly reconfigurable state-of-the-art lab spaces provided by the mechanical team garnered R&D Magazine’s Lab of the Year in 2011. R&D Magazine noted that the campus “contains just about every modern lab concept known today.” This includes interchangeable lab neighborhoods, flexible lab support zones, grid planning, kit-of-parts furniture and MEP, walkable interstitial space, collaboration spaces, large circulation spines, high-height pilot areas, lab daylighting and of course the engineering infrastructure to allow this unprecedented level of flexibility. Further, HOK mechanical worked with KAUST reserchers to deliver a solar-powered desalination pilot plant and continue to provide the university with engineering services when needed to support their ever-evolving cutting edge research.

1 Passive ventilation 2 Local evaporative cooling 3 Recycled condensate 4 High-performance glazing 5 Integrated shading

6 Reflective roofing 7 Rainwater collection 8 PV and solar thermal panels 9 Filtered daylighting

Vast arrays consisting of thousands of solar PV and solar thermal panels cover the innovative roof system, which spans across buildings to block the sun on facades while sheltering outdoor pedestrian spaces. Solar PV harvests nearly 8 percent of the total estimated energy consumption. Highly interactive direct digital controls optimize MEP system operation while continuously monitoring and reporting system performance, energy harvested, energy recovered, and energy used to ensure long term energy management.

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KAU ST

One of the most significant project challenges of the $15B project was the extremely aggressive schedule: only 3 years to design and construct. HOK’s MEP and structural engineers rose to the challenge by leading multiple engineering design teams consisting of hundreds of engineers from multiple HOK offices and outside consulting engineering firms on parallel design paths while at the same time working closely with the construction team to deliver early packages for fast track construction.

The structural design included drilling 42,000 stone columns into the ground to ensure the soil could support the weight of the buildings.

HOK | 114

On the western end of the four lab buildings, concrete trusses create a 55-foot cantilever. Several other buildings incorporate shear walls for smaller cantilevers.

115 | HOK

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UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA I N T E R D I S C I P L I N A RY STE M RES E A RC H BU I L D I N G Structural Engineering Structural Engineering

117 | HOK

U N I V E RSITY OF GEORGIA I NT E RDI SCI PL INA RY STEM R ESEA RC H B UI L D I N G Atlanta, Georgia 350,000 sq. ft.

The University of Georgia Interdisciplinary STEM research building brings Chemistry and Engineering together for a collaborative research experience. It is a four-story, 100,000 sq ft laboratory building over three floors of parking designed to accommodate a future four-story laboratory building. Specialty laboratory equipment in the facility includes mass spectrometry, electron microscopy, engineering instrumentation prototyping and system, and chemistry instrumentation and labs.

An extensive vibration study was performed to optimize the structural bay layout to allow the use of a concrete moment frame and eliminate any concrete shear walls that would intrude on laboratory and parking spaces.

Close collaboration with the vibration consultant validated results and helped optimize the structure to reduce selfweight and material cost.

HOK | 118

To encourage collaboration within the space, a monumental communicating steel stair case connects Levels 2 and 3 and brings light into the core through a light well. Between Phase 1 and Phase 2 laboratory buildings, a multi-story connector structure is anticipated to bridge between the East and West laboratories and contain additional teamwork space.

HOK has extensive experience in the design of structural laboratory facilities, including optimization of the structures’ vibration and natural frequency to meet stringent user requirements while reducing construction cost.

The structural group often designs for future use scenarios to accommodate potential expansion and growth options. The successful collaboration of both of these elements allowed the delivery of a Phase 1 parking garage and laboratory that can readily accommodate the Phase 2 laboratory and connector.

119 | HOK

@ 4240 L A BORATORY AND OFF I C E BU I L D I N G Structural Engineering

HOK | 120

183,000 sq. ft.

St. Louis, Missouri Housing nearly 500 high-tech jobs, @4240 anchors the Cortex Innovation Community, an urban research district in midtown St. Louis. HOK redesigned the three-story building, providing large floor plates and highly adaptable mechanical systems to support tenants ranging from small startups to established research organizations.

HOK’s design for the LEED Platinumcertified project includes extensive use of renewable building materials and energy efficient measures, including a 50kV photovoltaic array. The team worked within historic guidelines to restore the building’s deteriorating brick facade and upgrade the industrial windows with historically accurate, insulated replacement glazing.

When the best new building is no new building: the structural team delivered a LEED-Platinum urban-revival research district via adaptive reuse of a 1948 factory The structural group cut expansive floor openings along the middle of the building allow skylights to illuminate lab and work spaces across floors as well as an interior courtyard. The team engineered a cantilevering multi-story connecting stair and exterior canopy.

121 | HOK

MAJOR LEAGUE SOCCER S T. LO U I S S TA D I U M

Structural Engineering

HOK | 122

123 | HOK

ST. LO U I S MA JOR LEAGUE SOC C E R S TADI UM St. Louis, Missouri 22,500 seats

A major part of St. Louis’ excitement about their new team and 22,500-seat stadium is its location in Downtown West. This urban site presented numerous challenges, including access constraints, varying perimeter retaining wall conditions, and relatively high seismic design parameters. The design intent is to have a clean, transparent structure that is as open to the surrounding community as possible. Perimeter braced frames, which are typically seen in large, long-span structures would have conflicted with this need.

HOK’s engineering team therefore designed the stadium in a way that made the stadium’s lateral system effectively disappear.

HOK | 124

The 120’-wide canopy structure

Although the canopy profile is rela-

HOK engineered all connections

is supported by circular columns

tively uniform around all four sides,

on the project, often implementing

spaced only 25’ apart. This system

the supporting conditions below vary

finite element models to optimize

provides stability for the canopy

substantially due to varying program.

key conditions, and worked closely

by relying on a combination of

The engineering team worked intensely

with the CM team on preferences and

moment frame action and the

with the architectural team to optimize

implementation, from design through

inherent rigidity of the precast

spatial efficiency.

construction.

seating bowl.

125 | HOK

U N I VE RSI TY OF CA LIFOR NIA MERC ED WE LLN E SS CENT ER Merced, California 31,000 sq. ft.

It is a compact two-story structure that joins the Aquatic center locker room facility with a Sports Medicine program. Several structural systems were considered in conjunction with input from the P3 consortium for which the HOK structural group conducted a thorough cost comparison.

The UC Merced wellness center was part of a forward-thinking P3 development that doubles the built space of the UC Merced campus. HOK worked closely with the university to provide a design tailored to the needs of the institution and student body. These facilities included new athletics fields, competition aquatics center and Wellness building.

HOK | 126

Narrowing down the options to bucklingrestrained braces and special concentricallybraced frames, the structural team identified the latter as the most cost-effective while meeting the University Seismic Design Requirements. Due to the seismic demands of the site, the structural design was approved via the University Peer Review process.

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HO K ST R E AM

03

The fut ure of b uild ing d e sig n is here

HOK STREAM optimization scripts accelerate the design process, saving time, materials, carbon emissions and cost

+

Optimization algorithms help explore hundreds of design possibilities in the first few weeks of a project

+

Standard engineering design processes are automated, accommodating unexpected design changes in hours, not weeks

+

Estimated material quantities during concept design often within 5% of as-built quantities

+

Complex architectural geometry is rationalized into elegant framing schemes, easy to fabricate, erect, and adjust in the field

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S T REA M

Av i a t ion + Tra nsp or t at ion

HOK structures’ STREAM parametric engineering workflow has revolutionized some of the country’s largest airports.

STREAM embeds long-span deflection analysis and member selection into an automated optimization routine. For LaGuardia airport, the HOK competition team came to the paradigm-shifting conclusion that islands, not peninsulas, would dramatically increase efficiency and trim two years from the construction schedule, and the viability of the scheme hinged upon whether the bridges could work structurally, which needed to be determined within weeks.

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To answer, the HOK structural team developed custom parametric engineering algorithms to rapidly assess the feasibility of dozens of variations of the 450 ft-long bridge structures.

An envelope of sight-lines from the existing control tower skims the surface of the proposed bridges, limiting their height, and the largest possible aircraft predicted to travel the taxiway below limits their depth. Optimization algorithms in HOK scripts used deflection performance to narrow the results, feeding into a finite-element vibration analysis model. The engineers were able to present the optimal design within weeks, both winning the competition and delivering unparalleled air-side efficiency. The accuracy of HOK’s STREAM parametric workflow resulted in as-built tonnage of Pedestrian Bridge B within 5% of the tonnage calculated during the competition phase.

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In three weeks between hand-sketches and client acceptance of the design, parametric structural models optimized performance and minimized load applied to existing structures. During construction, the team’s animations and 3d prints conveyed the macro behavior of slide bearings during erection.

STRE A M

Aviat ion + Tran spor t at ion 133 | HOK

Aviat ion + Transpor t at ion

S TR E AM

With experience on two dozen airports, the HOK structural team has developed automated scripts to deliver complex, long span roof structures in a manner that simplifies construction. STREAM parametric scripts were essential to rationalize the complex roof geometry at the O’Hare Terminal 5 Expansion, reconciling it with a constrained column layout, into the most efficient framing scheme.

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Developed in-house, the scripts projected framing geometry onto faceted roof planes and relayed information between finite-element programs and custom optimization algorithms to minimize structural weight and simplify erection in the field.

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Sp o r t s + Rec reati o n

S TR E AM

HOK STREAM can shorten structural design processes from months to weeks, with scripts ranging from architectural bowl-builders, set up to solve common challenges at the outset of design, to structural design scripts which seek out the optimal design for challenging long-span conditions. Further, during construction administration, custom survey data visualization tools can quickly evaluate vast amounts of field data to identify issues and assist in any required adjustments.

As part of the incredibly fast design and construction process for the Atlanta Hawks’ new practice facility, HOK conducted a series of optimization studies for the long span roof trusses over the practice courts. This study included glulam options and helped the design and construction team quickly decide on a design that worked best for cost and schedule.

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The Video Halo Board at Mercedes-Benz Stadium is a unique structure designed and built using innovative technology at unprecedented speed. At 56 feet tall and 1,100 feet in circumference, it is the largest video scoreboard in the United States. HOK created a set of parametric scripts that automatically generated the structural geometry with respect to support nodes and their associated stiffness and movements, avoided hanger location conflicts with gusset, stair, and video board attachment locations, optimized steel members and generated the Revit model. This process accelerated the design period by a factor of three and allowed for modifications to key dimensions that occurred midway through the design: changes that would have typically caused a multi-week delay were fully accommodated within hours.

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STRE AM E m b o d i e d + Ope ra t i o n a l C ar bo n

An integration of custom scripts developed by HOK structural, MEP and sustainability groups allows the minimization of carbon emissions associated with structural/facade materials (embodied) and those emitted by heating, cooling and lighting systems (operational). With design for strength, deflection, and climate control embedded in the parametric script alongside life-cycle impact assessment, the tool provides the client and design team a clear visualization of the path to net-zero embodied and operational carbon at concept design.

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HOK has extensive experience in the design and optimization of hospitals, surgical centers, and imaging facilities for project-specific vibration criteria. We use finite element models and modal analysis in tandem with traditional prescriptive methods in order to more accurately determine vibration performance and optimize for it. HOK STREAM is a proprietary parametric tool that links architectural design options with engineering analysis software. It allows us to rapidly generate and analyze a large number of design options, including area-specific velocity and acceleration limits. This allows for relative valuations of interdisciplinary design decisions, and accelerated design iterations based on those decisions: structural costs associated with any design option can be quickly evaluated to determine the option that best aligns with the project goals.

STREAM is a substantial differentiator for HOK and our clients: we can develop more optimized solutions faster and more efficiently, including analysis and optimization for Embodied Carbon reduction. Fast Company cited HOK Engineering’s development and

ST REAM

H e a l t h c a re

implementation of STREAM in recognizing HOK as one of its Most Innovative Companies.

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Corridor

Operating rooms

Patient rooms

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HOK has extensive experience in the design and optimization of new and existing laboratory and research facilities for project-specific vibration criteria. We use finite element models and modal analysis in tandem with traditional prescriptive methods in order to more accurately determine vibration performance and optimize for it. HOK STREAM is a proprietary parametric tool that links architectural design options with engineering analysis software. It allows us to rapidly generate and analyze a large number of design

ST REAM

S c i e n c e + Te ch n o l o gy

options, including area-specific velocity and acceleration limits. This allows for relative

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valuations of interdisciplinary design decisions, and accelerated design iterations based on those decisions: structural costs associated with any design option can be quickly evaluated to determine the option that best aligns with the project goals.

STREAM is a substantial differentiator for HOK and our clients: we can develop more optimized solutions faster and more efficiently, including analysis and optimization for Embodied Carbon reduction. Fast Company cited HOK Engineering’s development and implementation of STREAM in recognizing HOK as one of its Most Innovative Companies.

Corridor

Offices

Lab space Vibration criteria VC-A

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SER VI C E S AN D SPE C I ALT I E S

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04

A few of our favor it e t hing s

+HOK’s Engineering team has experience on a wide array of diverse topics, many of which are included in this section. From pedestrian bridges to passive optical networks, from design competitions to displacement ventilation… please reach out if you’re interested to learn more.

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SPECIALTIES Energy modeling

Energy modeling is an interdisciplinary effort at HOK, requiring close collaboration between the sustainability, MEP, facade design, and structural teams.

The process starts at the macro-scale to determine orientation and form for passive climate control and becomes more detailed when MEP system selection, facade condensation analysis and thermal bridging studies come to the forefront during schematic design and design development.

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87% wind ow-to-

50% window-to-

87% window-to-wall

wall ratio, Royal

wall ratio (WWR)

ratio + extended slab

Caribbean HQ

edges = energy performance of 50% WWR

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Embodied carbon is CO 2 emitted by raw materials extraction, materials processing, constructi on, repair, and endof-service life (landfill, re-use

S P E C I ALT I ES Li fe- c ycl e a na lysis

or recycling) scenarios.

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Unlike operational carbon associated with heating, cooling and lighting, embodied carbon is emitted almost entirely at the beginning of a building project. Quantifying these emissions informs design decisions, resulting in a lower carbon footprint at each stage of the design process.

Cement replacements, sourcing local materials, and multipurpose structural systems are key components of the carbon reduction process.

While 5%-10% reductions will earn the project additional LEED credits, HOK aims much higher, making net-zero embodied carbon within reach.

Transport

You ca n o n ly imp rove wh a t you me a sure

End of use

U n ders ta n d em bo died CO 2 by

As a signatory to the SE 2050 challenge targeting

life-c yc le s ta ge

net-zero structura l carbon emissions by 2050, HOK structures quantifies the embodied emissions of every building project’s structure and enclosure by conducting Whole Building Life Cycle Assessment (WBLCA). This allows clients and designers to make informed design decisions which minimize building embodied carbon over the course of the design process.

Pinpoint sources of CO 2 emissions by building system...

Materials

Repair

...and by material Polymers

Windows

Glass

Slabs

Exterior walls

Shallow foundations

Steel

Concrete

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N et - ze ro a nd LE E D Pl a t i num

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To achieve a Net Zero Energy Building, HOK has developed the 6-Step process to Integrated Performance Design: Discovery & Definition – Our process kicks-off with a sustainability charrette, where our integrated HOK team will work with you to define roles and responsibilities, set targets for energy, water and waste, identify energy benchmarks, Energy Use Intensity (EUI) targets, financial parameters and alternative financing solutions, and potential solutions and incentives for the project.

Climate & Place – The next step is to perform a site and climate analysis for the site to understand external loads, resources and challenges. The analysis should look at topography, geology, biology, and hydrology in addition to context clues, such as cultural norms and systems that are geographically appropriate. The design team will look for opportunities to harvest free water and energy from the site, including rainwater, condensate, natural ventilation, passive solar heating and convection.

Load Reduction – The most cost-effective way to reach net zero is to reduce overall building energy loads before designing a renewable energy system to provide sufficient energy for the building. Load reduction will minimize the renewable energy investment by reducing the size of the photovoltaic array or other renewable energy sources. Load reduction may be achieved and through programming and space requirements reduction, site planning, massing and orientation, building envelope optimization, high efficiency HVAC systems and plug load control. The load reduction will be demonstrated through energy modeling and other analytical tools.

Integrated Solutions – We use design tools to optimize the building envelope, daylight and thermal comfort. We evaluate MEP and structural systems, site and landscape to minimize energy and water resource use that meet the program requirements set by the client and end users.

Renewable Systems – After building energy demand has been reduced through load reduction and efficient systems, the project can employ renewable energy systems to make up the balance of demand. As each project has it’s own challenges, HOK engineers can help determine the correct renewable energy system for each project.

Occupancy – Once the building has been designed to achieve Net Zero Energy over the course of a year, it will be important to monitor, measure and optimize building performance, as well as engage occupants in energy conservation and plug load reduction activities. Building optimization for Net Zero performance is a process rather than a destination.

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S P EC IA LTI ES Facade design an d an alysis

Th e HOK Fac ades t e a m provide s s uppo r t t o t h e d e s i g n pro c e s s in ea c h pro je c t p hase, id e n t ifyin g a p prop ri a te syst ems and m a t e ria ls t o achieve ae s th et ic objectives.

A b e autif ul and high-p er fo r m a nce b ui ldi ng skin is sc ru tin ized ea r ly in t he p ro cess for three key rea s o ns : t o calculate the weighted avera g e U-va lue of the assem b ly, t o d e t erm i ne the risk of c o nd ens a t io n, a nd to e nsure c onstru ct ib ilit y a nd

p ro je ct b udget, perform an ce cri ter ia, and ae st h e tic i ntentions. a li g nm e nt with the

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SP ECIA LT I E S

Facade thermal performance

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Of fset mullio n a t

St a nd a rd m u l l i o n

O f fs e t mu l l i o n a t

St a n da rd mu l l i o n a t

span drel

a t s p a nd re l

vi s i o n gl a s s

vi s i o n gl a s s

D e s ign

+

Sc ienc e

The facade design team blends art and science seam lessly to design facade assemblies, analyzing the conduction,

convection

and

radiation

that

controls

the

location of the dew point temperature for each facadestructure condition in the building. Boundary conditions based upon extensive climate data are gleaned from the NFRC and ASHRAE 90.1 to simulate the behavior of the system in research-grade programs such as THERM.

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SPECIALTIES Fac ade dayligh t in g per for man ce

Minimize glare

Annual Solar Irradiation

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Optimize Daylighting

Ext er io r

Optimize the for a +

Co mfo r t able , Ef f ic ient , Pro duc t ive Int er io r

Simulation Solemma

of

Space

daylighting

Climate

Studio

with helps

evaluate the trade off between view and natural light to minimize heat gain and glare. HOK facades works with the design team to asses options as early in the process as possible to find optimal and

economical

solutions

that

lead to comfortable and productive spaces

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S PECIALT I ES

Fa c ade In n ovat ion

STRUCTURAL EXTERIOR ENCLOSURE This design for a megapanel cladding system which provides lateral stiffness to the primary structural frame of a high-rise tower was a collaboration between the structural and facades teams.

th e claddin g con ce pt re d u ces the tower’s Embodie d Carbon sign ifican tly by su pplem e n ti ng co re dri ft co ntrol with a steel braced panel system that supports a shallow Designed and analysed to meet code performance criteria,

glazing system, in place of a conventional aluminum curtainwall.

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S PECI A LT I E S De s ig n c o m p e titio ns

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Le t e n g in e e r i ng be t h e d i f fe re nc e i n your wi nni ng c omp e t i t i on d e s i g n

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SP ECI ALT I E S

Des ign co mp e t i t i o ns

Do n’t limit you rse l f: l e t u s p rov id e yo u w it h opt i ons you d i dn’ t know we re p os s i b l e

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The tension and compression in a bicycle wheel illustra tes the concept enabling the vast span.

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D esi g n co m p e t i t i o ns

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U npa ra lleled ac c ura c y a t t h e co m pet i t i o n ph a se:

let our S TREAM wo r kf l ow h el p yo u ge t a h e a d st a r t

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Existing buildings

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This is an existing 32 story office building in downtown Houston. It is framed with structural steel and served as the offices for El Paso Energy. Since the entire tower was to be upgraded, it was necessary to upgrade the structure as well to bring it up to date with the occupancy. Over the years, significant changes have been made to the wind code, the wind speeds and wind forces had been revised to be much greater than those at the time the tower was

The challenge was how to strengthen and stiffen the existing structure to bring it into compliance with the new wind codes. An designed.

extensive structural analysis was done using the stiffness of the existing masonry core walls. Since these were interior walls and not reinforced with rebar and not grouted, a detail analysis was done taking the reductions in the stiffness of these existing walls. Fortunately, there were sufficient such walls and even with the taken reductions provided sufficient stiffness to meet the code required wind forces.

S PE C IA LT I ES

Renovation

HOK’s structural team renovated an abandoned thirty-yearold former Sysco Distribution center to become a new home of the Houston Food Bank. This 308,000-sf warehouse building allows HFB to improve their logistic and expand community services. Several existing post-tensioned tilt-up wall panels were cut and removed to create the welcome center and main entrance of the facility from nothing but a

Since most of the wall panels were load-bearing elements, modifying them required special care. To ensure the safety of construction, long line of existing loading docks.

our structural engineer worked closely with the general contractor to develop step-by-step construction procedure in several critical areas such as where the new monumental stair was added.

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Ad ap t ive re u s e an d ren ovat i o n

SP E CIALTIES

T YSON FOOD S E MMA AV E N U E OF F IC E Springdale, Arkansas

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outside, additional window openings were constructed at the east elevation of the Original HQ’s building.

The Brown Hatchery building was originally constructed with a basement and the first elevated floor was wood framed. The original wood members supporting the first floor were found to be structurally compromised prior to the renovation. Due to the limited height of the basement and the deteriorated condition of first floor framing, HOK recommended infilling the basement and reconstructing the first floor with a reinforced concrete slab on grade. The structural team utilized an interior structural steel frame to brace the existing brick masonry walls and to support new structural steel roof framing. All column foundations utilized The Emma Avenue Office is one of several projects for which Tyson Foods has partnered with HOK over the past couple decades. In this project, HOK’s design pays homage to the place where family-owned Tyson got its start. A new light-filled central lobby links the

cantilevered grade beams constructed integrally with spread footing foundations.

This configuration allowed footings to

be placed safely away from existing masonry wall foundations and allow wide flange steel columns to be supported in close proximity to existing masonry walls

two historic buildings and provides employees and guests with a place to collaborate.

There were minimal existing openings in the original brick masonry walls with the exception of the two north facing storefronts.

The HOK Structures

team evaluated the existing brick masonry walls to accommodate multiple new openings and detailed exposed structural steel lintels and jamb reinforcing steel to achieve this vision. Additionally, to allow ample daylight into the interior of building and views to the

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