Home Building Crossroads San Antonio & Austin

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N 2015 Energy Code G INE (as Opportunity) ER ED W

Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA

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members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of

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construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

___________________________________________

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Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

COURSE DESCRIPTION

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Discussion on the changes in the 2015 IECC as they relate to the Building Enclosure,

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HVAC, and the integration of the two. Discussion on how performance components of insulation, water management, air leakage, and HVAC relate to each other and as a

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whole to the building enclosure. Meeting the new code can be challenging, come understand the opportunities available in meeting these challenges. Pete and Steve will

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have you walking away with Easy-to-Understand solutions they use everyday, that meet

the new code, while providing the means to a comfortable, durable, energy efficient, valued building enclosure.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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1. Identify the new provisions of the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) and the Energy-Efficiency requirements of the 2012 and 2015 International Residential Code (IRC).

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2. Compare and contrast the Prescriptive and Performance compliance paths of the IECC and IRC.

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3. Explain why the relationship between vented claddings, exterior continuous

insulation, and the four categories of vapor permeability (Class I â&#x20AC;&#x201C; III and vapor open).

4. Describe the interaction between air sealing and insulation performance in buildings.

Choosing a Path: Chaplain Israel Yost -

BE RE Discipline Learning

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Choosing a Path: Chaplain Israel Yost

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When someone makes your skin crawl they are either full of it or you are about to learn something

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You have a choice:

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Write them off (easy path)

Listen closely (much harder)

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Building science was like that for me…

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I decided to listen more closely…

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You have a choice of paths

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Code compliance (pretty easy path, all three of themâ&#x20AC;Ś)

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High performance as a business opportunity (maybe harder initially but...)

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Texas State and County Level Map

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IECC Climate Map

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Code Resource Center

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• HB 1736 (6‐16‐15) comply: 9‐1‐16 • “Energy Rating Index (ERI)” over time: • CZ 2&3 < 65 (9‐1‐16 – 8‐31‐19) • CZ 2&3 < 63 (9‐1‐19 – 8‐31‐22) • CZ 2&3 < 59 (after 9‐1‐22) • CZ4 < 69 (9‐1‐16 – 8‐31‐19) • CZ4 < 67 (9‐1‐19 – 8‐31‐22) • CZ4 < 63 (after 9‐1‐22)

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Understanding Energy Codes: Compliance Paths

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Mandatory

Requirements must be met in every building design regardless of compliance path.

Prescriptive (components) Follow a menu of requirements.

EE Energy Rating Index Performance R ED (new for 2015) (systems) WO OD Flexible; allows tradeoffs.

Simpler; still flexible. Incl. ERI method or RESNET, Energy Star 3.1, Passivehaus,

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Mandatory: Key Elements

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Mandatory: Key Elements

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AIR SEALING REQUIREMENTS (Mandatory) N1102.4 (R402.4) Air Leakage (Mandatory).

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The building thermal envelope shall be constructed to limit air leakage in accordance with the requirements of Sections N1102.4.1 through N1102.4.5.

• • • • •

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All joints, seams and penetrations. Site‐built windows, doors and skylights. Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective jambs and framing. Utility penetrations. Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope.

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Knee walls. Walls and ceilings separating a garage from conditioned spaces. Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls. Common walls between dwelling units.

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AIR SEALING REQUIREMENTS (Mandatory) N1102.4 (R402.4) Air Leakage (Mandatory)

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Testing required: No greater than 3 ACH50

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ACH50: air changes per hour @ 50 Pascals pressure difference inside/outside home

Mandatory: Key Elements

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N1103.3.2 (R403.3.2) Sealing (Mandatory) Ducts, air handlers and filter boxes shall be sealed. Exception: Ducts located completely inside the building thermal envelope.

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N1103.3.5 (R403.3.5) Building Cavities (Mandatory). Framing cavities shall not be used as ducts or plenums.

Mandatory: Key Elements

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Window Air Leakage (AL) R402.4.3 Fenestration Air Leakage

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0.3 cfm/sf (cubic feet per minute per square foot of window area)

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0.5 cfm/sf max for swinging doors

NFRC window labels

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NFRC window labels

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NFRC window labels

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NFRC window labels

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Mandatory: Key Elements

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HVAC: ACCA Manual J (R403.7)

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HVAC load calculation standard vs…

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Manual J: HLOCATION OF HVAC UB

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Ducts in unconditioned space Ducts in conditioned space

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Ton Worth of Cooling Difference!

MANUAL J: ORIENTATION H

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90 DEGREE ROTATION IN ORIENTATION

DS 2

Mandatory: Key Elements

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DUCT LEAKAGE

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N1103.3.3 (R403.3.3) Duct Testing (Mandatory) 1. Rough‐in test: Total leakage less than or equal to 4 cfm per 100 square feet of conditioned floor area.

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2. Post‐construction test: Total leakage less than or equal to 4 cfm per 100 square feet of conditioned floor area. Austin Green Team

Mandatory: Key Elements

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MECHANICAL VENTILATION

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Mandatory: Key Elements

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MECHANICAL VENTILATION

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Understanding Energy Codes

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INSULATION REQUIREMENTS: Above Grade

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Understanding Energy Codes INSULATION REQUIREMENTS: R4020102R402.1.2 (by Climate Zone – CZ)

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Window U‐ Factor

Window SHGCb, e

Ceiling R‐value

Wood Wall R‐ value

Floor R‐ value

0.40

0.25

.35

0.25

20 or 13+5h

.35

0.40

20 or 13+5h

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Bsmnt R‐ value

Slab R‐ Value & Depth

Crawl wall R‐ value

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10/13

10, 2 ft

5/13

OO 10/13

Footnotes Help

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b. The fenestration U‐factor column excludes skylights. The SHGC column applies to all glazed fenestration Exception: In Climates Zones 1 – 3, skylights may be excluded from SHGC requirements.

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f. Basement wall insulation is not required in warm‐humid locations.

h. The first value is cavity insulation, the second value is continuous insulation; “10+5” means R‐10 cavity insulation plus R‐5 continuous insulation.

What about ceiling insulation?

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• R402.2.1 – Ceilings with attic spaces

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• Where R‐38 required, R‐30 100% continuous fully over eave wall, is ok (CZ 2 & 3) • Where R‐49 required, R‐38 100% continuous fully over eave wall, is ok (CZ 4)

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• R402.2.1 – Ceiling without attic spaces – where R‐value requires greater than R‐30, and design of roof/ceiling assembly does not allow required insulation, R‐30 is ok, but:

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• Insulation must extend to outer edge of eave wall top plate • Limit to 500 sq. ft. or 20% of total insulated ceiling are, whichever is less.

• R402.2.3 – Eave baffle: for air‐permeable insulation in vented attics, install adjacent to soffit and eave vents, maintaining opening size.

What about vented vs unvented?

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• R806.1 Ventilation required

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• R806.2 Minimum vent area: 1/150

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• R806.3 Vent clearance: minimum vent depth – 1‐inch

• R806.5 Unvented attic & unvented enclosed rafter assemblies

Beyond Code When Mother Nature Pushes…

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JLC – Ted Cushman

2. 3.

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Roof sheathing nailing

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Tie attic gable to gable wall

Use H1 or equivalent connectors

Nail story sheathing to common wood structural element

Enhance nailing schedule at ends/edges of wood structural panels

Continuously sheath all walls with wood structural panels

Overlap/properly fasten wood structural panels to sill plates

Enhance ½‐inch anchor bolts schedule & configuration

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For more information…

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Up Next: My buddy Steve â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Defining High Performance

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This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course

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Hanley Wood Media Cesar Rodriguez

crodriguez@hanleywood.com

10/8/2018

WELCOME HOMEBUILDING CROSSROADS

FALL 2018

HIGH PERFORMANCE

DEFINED

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Where Are YOU? Does it REALLY matter?

High Performance Labels “While Labels present a relative comparison of position – for me, HP is the balance of budget / performance

Opportunity to set oneself apart from

and the the rest”

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

CASE for

HIGH PERFORMANCE Indoor Air Quality

Energy Efficiency

Resource Efficiency

Durability

Water Efficiency

Value / Quality

R EDURABILITY NG INE Health

Comfort

– “If it don’t last, it don’t matter” HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

AA AAA

A Final Choices Modest Advances Low Hanging Fruit

As the level of Advancement and Opportunity in Performance increases – inversely proportional – the Cost increases

The Goal isn’t to deliver the most exceptional performance everytime – but rather be prepared to answer the question

NG INE

WHAT’s the NEXT STEP? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

CURRENT CHALLENGES

- Code - Materials - Assemblies - Workmanship - CLIENT DESIRE - Performance - CLIENT SATISFACTION

Past Thinking…………..………… Current Thinking HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

The Education

Imperative

One of the PROBLEMS with our industry is that we tend to believe and receive our education “Old School”……. NEW

OLD

while our actual necessity to keep up requires “New School”…..

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

And of course, there is always the CHALLENGE of Theory vs Practice

Historically for Some – Change Heightens Risk

Sometimes our history CHALLENGES our desire to make change HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

FOUR Components of High Performance

25% / 15%

25% / 55%

25% / 15%

25% / 15% Considered EQUAL at Conception, As IMPROVEMENT to any Component increases, the Contribution of the Other Components – REGRESSES……..High Performance Decision

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making requires PROPORTIONATE Advancement HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

INNOVATION is a PROCESS not a PRODUCT

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

“INTEGRATION” not “Application” Many of the SERVICES required need to be PLANNED FOR (especially SOG Foundations)

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

The Four Barriers of Control in Order of Priority // Control provides increased Durability, Comfort, Health, and Energy Efficiency

High Performance = Control

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Water Management Air Barrier Thermal

Vapor

“Pretty Lines” – but do you Understand what they mean?? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

Water Management Air Barrier Thermal Vapor

Can you PROFILE a detail??

Can the detail be Successfully Profiled??

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Using Design to SOLVE problems ?? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

When the LINES become reality –

Are they ready? For 50 yrs? 100 yrs? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

Some Homes are CHALLENGED from DAY ONE!!

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Durability BEGINS with WORKMANSHIP / EDUCATION

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

the BAD

the GOOD

the ???

NG INE the UGLY

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

“Marked Up by Group”

“Initially Stripped”

Pre Construction Meeting

RED LINE Test HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

Details were Drawn as Twins – Airsealing / Framing and Finish Details

Finish Detail

NG INE

Providing the RIGHT Information Successfully

Air Sealing Detail

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Successful PLANning HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

Developing PATTERNS for Success

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Using what Mother Nature GIVES us for FREE HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

NG INE

Using what Mother Nature GIVES us for FREE HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Extended Beyond the House

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

Use Beyond Generation Hours

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Everyone’s DREAM Utility Bill – this Home Will NEVER pay for Energy HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

• 33 US Made Suniva 265 W Panels = 8,745 watts

NG INE

• Oriented True South – on 32 Degree (7.5 Pitch) HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

New Chevy Bolt – Now Net Zero For Housing And Transportation

Should Be Able To Travel 14,000 Miles/Yr With PV At 3.5 Miles/KWH HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

THANK YOU

QUESTIONS ??

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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Homebuilding Crossroads: 2015 Energy Code and High Performance Building Science Foundation â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Keeping Our Homes Safe and Sound

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Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA

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members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

NG IN

This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or

EE R

endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of

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handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. ___________________________________________

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

DESCRIPTION HCOURSE UB ER EN GIN EE R

Building Science Puzzles - A wide variety of moisture problems in buildings are covered in a step-by-step discovery process in which attendees use building science principles to identify the moisture problems and develop appropriate solutions. Even though all of the puzzles are for existing buildings the principles demonstrated by each puzzle can

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and will be related to moisture management in new construction.

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Learning Objectives:

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1. Follow building science principles as expressed in actual case studies

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2. Employ prioritization of wetting and drying mechanisms

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3. Employ practical understanding of building principles

4. Employ process to evaluate building performance case studies

Full disclosure…

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HUBuilding Science Foundation Key Topics BE RE NG INE ER ED W • How walls get wet… • How walls get dry… • What about roofs…

• Connecting HP enclosures with high performance HVAC(D)…

A “nice” summer day in Houston…

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• Study of how heat, air, and moisture move in, around, and through buildings • How stuff gets wet and dries (or not…) • Moisture and heat flows are linked; this is not an option, it’s the LAW • High performance builders: manage heat & moisture with equal intensity

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How many ways can a building get wet?

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The black masonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flashing was installed after and in front of the green housewrap. This is reverse flashing that will do more to trap than drain water that gets past the brick veneer.

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DS 46

How many ways can a building assembly get wet?

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• Bulk water

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• leak, inside or out

EE RE Solution? DW

Weatherlap…

Quick moisture management side note: What are the typical Texas biggest problems from an insurance company’s perspective?

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HUSingle‐throw, accessible C/W shut‐off… BE RE NG INE ER ED W

How many ways can a building get wet?

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How many ways can a building assembly get wet?

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• Wicking

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• capillarity of porous materials

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Solution?ED

Cap breaks

Cap Break

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How many ways can a building get wet?

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How many ways can a building assembly get wet?

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• Convection

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• Air leak

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ED W Solution?

Air Seal

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How many ways can a building get wet?

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NG IN

Summer basement conditions, bare dirt floor: Air Temperature = 66 F Relative Humidity = 91% Dewpoint temperature = 63.5

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How many ways can a building assembly get wet?

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• Diffusion

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• interior‐exterior gradients, created by space conditioning & climate

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ED W Solution?

Decouple soil moisture from space

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Prioritizing moisture movement

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• #1 – bulk water • #2 – capillary water • #3 – air-transported moisture • #4 – diffusive moisture movement

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How many ways can a building assembly dry?

BE R EN • Space • Free drainage GIN• Air Pathway and driving force • Convection EE • Evaporation • Diffusion RE DW OO DS

Once wet, how does the inside of a wall like this dry?

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BE Drying Potential of Building Assemblies R EN GIN or EE RE Why We Care About the Vapor Permeability of Building DW Materials OO DS

How many layers in this wall?

BE • Block R E • Lathing • Plaster

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How many layers in today’s “typical” wall?

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• Exterior finish

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Two…

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• Exterior finish • Cladding

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Three and four…

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• Exterior finish • Cladding • Drainage space (rainscreen) • WRB

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Five and six…

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• Exterior finish • Cladding • Drainage space • WRB • Sheathing • Framing

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Seven, eight…

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• Exterior finish • Cladding • Drainage space • WRB • Sheathing • Framing • Insulation • Gypsum board

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Nine and ten.

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• Exterior finish • Cladding • Drainage space (“rainscreen) • WRB • Sheathing • Framing • Insulation • Gypsum board • Primer • Interior finish

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HU 1. Determine vapor permeability of each BEcomponent of assembly RE 2. Identify least vapor permeable N GIN component(s) EE 3. Assess direction and extent of vapor drive: REdifference, interior/exterior temperature DW interior/exterior relative humidities (remember always high to low) OO 4. Identify/assess drying direction & potential D Vapor Profile

Moisture profile rather than vapor profile?

Energy Code 2015: Vapor retarders

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Representative Vapor Permeability Info

BE RE Material

Dry Cup

Wet Cup

Comments

Plywood

.75

3.5

Semi-permeable

.75

Semi-

14.5

Permeable

0.5

0.6

impermeable

Semi (but with skin, im-)

6-mil poly

.06

Kraft paper

5 - 10

MemBrain™

10+

Tyvek®

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Latex paint (primer + 1 coat)

3.6

Semi-

OSB

Fiberboard (AI)

Thermo Ply XPS EPS

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Semi-

Impermeable

Semi- (variable)

Variable, by design permeable

Data from BSC Building Materials Property Table

Vapor Profile: Example 1

BE RE Latex paint - 17 perms Wall board - 40N Cellulose - 75 G INE XPS 1 Air space - “300” E R Wood siding - “35”

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Oil-based paint - 0.6 Least permeable (other than 7): 4. XPS

3 2

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Vapor Profile: Example 2

B ERwallpaper - <0.1 1. Vinyl perms E N 2. Wall board - 40GI N EE 3. Cellulose - 75 R 5

4. Foil-faced polyiso - <0.1 5. Vinyl siding - “60” Least permeable (in fact, impermeable): 1 & 4

3 2 1

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Connecting High Performance, the new Code, and Building Science

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• Keeping homes safe and sound means protecting the structure (durability) and occupants (IAQ) while you improve energy efficiency • To do that, you need to manage energy and moisture with equal intensity—it’s the Law • You achieve this with continuous control layers for water, air, and heat flows • And your backup plan is to design in drying potential “just in case” stuff gets wet

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Hygrothermal Balance

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WETTING:

DRYING:

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‐ Bulk water ‐ Capillary water ‐ Air‐transported ‐ Diffusion

‐ Free drainage ‐ Cap break ‐ Convection ‐ Diffusion

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YOUR BUILDING

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HWait: how—if at all—are roofs different than walls? UB ER EN GIN EE RE DW OO DS • Do roofs see any less or more bulk water? • Do roofs see any less or more conductive heat loss? • Do roofs see any less or more convective heat loss? • Do roofs vent any worse or better than walls? • Do roofs see any more or less sun? • Do roofs see any more or less wind?

Attics and roofs:

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Cathedralized attic

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Performance and the Code HRoofs: Hygrothermal UB ER EN GIN EE RE DW OO DS • Is there an attic and is it vented, and how? • Gable‐to‐gable vs soffit‐to‐ridge • Free square footage ratio to floor area • 1:150 vs 1:300

• If no attic, is the roof assembly vented or unvented? • Does the ceiling of the attic “need” a vapor retarder? • Does the Code make the same connections for vapor retarder/continuous insulation/vented cladding as it does for walls?

What about vented vs unvented?

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• R806.1 Ventilation required (except when it is not…)

NG IN

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• R806.2 Minimum vent area: 1/150 (where did this come from?)

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• R806.3 Vent clearance: minimum vent depth – 1‐inch (and this?)

• R806.5 Unvented attic & unvented enclosed rafter assemblies (huh?)

R806.5 – Unvented Attic & Unvented Enclosed Rafter Assemblies

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• Continuous air barrier at ceiling • No Class I vapor retarder at ceiling • Wood roof claddings: special attention to drying • Air‐permeable cavity Insulation: Table R806.5 Insulation for Condensation Control

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HUAttic‐Roof Summary BE RE NG INE ER

• Vent attics and roofs until you can’t (Steve B) • Simple roofs forgive; complex roofs don’t. • Select roof assembly materials/mfgrs that are “HP” • Worry about your control layers same as you do for walls: water, air, vapor, thermal • Airtight gets short shrift; make your roofs/attics TIGHT. • Do NOT vent to manage air leakage; it’s a losing proposition • Manage energy & moisture with equal intensity…

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HU“It’s not the heat, it’s the humidity…” BE RE NG INE ER ED W

Drivers of Latent Loads MECHANICAL VENTILATION

BE RE “…mechanical ventilation, operated at the ASHRAE 62.2‐ N GIN 2010 addendum r rate, in a 3 ach50 house, raises the annual E median indoor RH by almost ER 10% compared to a 7 ach50 house without mechanical ventilation in Orlando.”

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U.S Department of Energy: Recommended Approaches to Humidity Control in High Performance Homes by Armin Rudd

Image credit ‐ Allison Bailes

HU“It’s not the heat, it’s the humidity…” BE RE NG INE ER ED W Source: ASHRAE Journal, Lewis G. Harriman III, Dean Plager, Douglas Kosar; Dehumidification and Cooling Loads From Ventilation Air, 1997

Source: ASHRAE Journal, Lewis G. Harriman III, Dean Plager, Douglas Kosar; Dehumidification and Cooling Loads From Ventilation Air, 1997

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TO THE POINT: AUSTIN HMORE UB ER EN GIN EE 3852 RE DW HOURS/YR 146 pints/day @100 cfm vent rate

MORE TO THE POINT: HOUSTON, TX

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3722 HOURS/YR

149 pints/day @100 cfm vent rate

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Home was build tight

• •

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HVAC system was sized according to Manual J Bringing in outside air to meet ASHRAE or other standard

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We have reduced the sensible loads on the home but the latent loads have not changed and possibly increased. High efficiency HVAC equipment can not always be counted on to keep LLH in humid climates dry, healthy and comfortable.

ACCA Manual LLH will look at: • Resolving ventilation requirements (for occupant health and safety) while maintaining moisture control. • Addressing ancillary dehumidification equipment for humid locations (e.g., DOE Type A climate zones require ancillary dehumidification).

HUWait, what about ERV’s and dehumidification? BE RE NG INE ER ED WO OD S https://www.ultra‐aire.com/pdf/Ultra‐Aire_Spray_Foam_Case_Study.pdf

HUReplace ERV with high performance DEHU BE RE NG INE ER ED WO O

https://www.ultra‐aire.com/pdf/Ultra‐Aire_Spray_Foam_Case_Study.pdf

HUBuilding Science Foundation Summary BE RE NG INE ER ED W • Walls get wet…

• We know how to dry them… • We know how to make our roofs high performance…

• We know how to connect HP enclosures to high performance HVAC(D)…

A “nice” summer day in Houston…

BE This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing R E Education Systems Course NG INE ER ED WO OD S

Hanley Wood Media

Cesar Rodriguez crodriguez@hanleywood.com

10/8/2018

WELCOME HOMEBUILDING CROSSROADS

FALL 2018

CONTROL LAYERS

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

WATER #1 Killer of Buildings – “MANAGEMENT” is KEY HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

It’s About UNDERSTANDING the Execution of Success

I’m always asked “What material is the best for …….?” My answer is always the same – “The one installed RIGHT”

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Sometimes it’s a series of Unfortunate Events

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Manufacturer’s Getting In the GAME HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

DOWN

UP & AWAY

OUT

Ensure the rule Is applied to All Details

DOWN & OUT

DRAIN? Or VENTILATION?

NG INE

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

Identifying the DRAINAGE PLANE Continuity is KEY..... HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10/8/2018

INITIAL PRESSURE

CLEAN

WETTING

UNDERSTANDING the means to a successful application

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“WETTED”

“NOT WETTED” HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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PRESSURE Required

PRESSURE Applied

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HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

10th YEAR FULL EXPOSURE DO NOT TRY THIS AT HOME, But I DID…….

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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Roof Overhang Drainage Plane Rainscreen

Developing a Path for SUCCESS

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OPEN JOINT

CLOSED JOINT HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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2 WAY SYSTEMS

DIAGONAL

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HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

DETAILSâ&#x20AC;¦.DETAILS

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LOWEST RISK TO WINDOW LEAKAGE?? MAYBE DON’T LET IT SEE WATER?? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

RED LINE TEST

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Highest Exfiltration Pressure

Airtightness

Air Tightness Pressures VARY Along the Building Envelope

Neutral Pressure Plane

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Highest Infiltration Pressure

HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

ENERGY STAR THERMAL BYPASS CHECKLIST

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MECHANICAL VENTILATION - CONTROL

Supply Return

Exhaust

Supply

Point Source

Distributed HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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DisCONTINUITY = FAILURE

Good Selection Of Material BUT POOR EXECUTION

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CONTINUITY

Is the KEY

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My SECRET Is OUT!!

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4 Formal Blower Door Tests and 1 Fog Test Fog Test 1. 32 cfm at 50Pa (.16 Ach50Pa) 2. 25 cfm at 50Pa (.12 Ach50Pa) 3. 104 cfm at 50Pa (.51 Ach50Pa)

Theatrical Fogger

4. 116 cfm at 50Pa (.56 Ach50Pa) FINAL 110 cfm at 50Pa (.54 Ach50Pa) HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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.56

.45 .37 PASSIVE HOUSE BLOWER DOOR FINAL TEST (AVG ‐POS/NEG) ach50 Pa

.16

.32

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40 (38)

Thermal Control

(49) 3 (.32) 21/6 (13/5)

Proportional and Continuous

15 (15) 10 (10) HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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60 PROPORTIONATE and CONTINUOUS

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WHOLE WALL R‐VALUE “Proportionate AND Continuous – the MATH” WHOLE WALL

ADD R‐3

ADD R‐6

2x4 16”oc (22%) R‐3 window (15%) R‐15 Cavity (63%)

UPGRADE WINDOW R‐5

R‐7.0

R‐8.2

R‐9.0

R‐10.8

2x6 16”oc (22%) R‐3 wdw (15%) R‐19 Cavity (63%)

R‐8.7

R‐9.5

R‐10.0

R‐12.6

2x6 24”oc (14%) R‐3 wdw (15%) R‐21 Cavity (71%)

R‐9.6

R‐10.2

R‐10.6

R‐13.5

WALL SPECIFICATIONS

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Truss Header

Re-Locate to Nearest King Stud as Possible

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ZIP R‐WALL

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W 3” ROCKWOOL O

2” POLYISO HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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It’s not that High Performance Houses cost too much; it’s that our idea of a fairly priced new home is based on a history of building houses to meet embarrassingly Low Performance benchmarks.”

“Baczek”

THANK YOU HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2018

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N GIN Homebuilding Crossroads: 2015 Energy Code and High EEPerformance R ED Building Science Puzzles WO

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Premises

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Things get wet, heat dries them out. Energy efficiency measures reduce heat loss.

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Energy & moisture must be managed with equal intensity. Follow the water.

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Mold/Rot Basics

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• Temperature/Food/Water • Molds (spores) are everywhere, all the time… • They like the same temperatures we do… • They like many of the materials out of which we like to build… • Mold generally shows up at 19% MC or higher • Rot requires 25‐ 28% MC • The easiest/most effective approach to control mold/rot is, almost always, managing moisture.

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What about interior sources of moisture?

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Sources ‐ Household Moisture

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Source Showering Clothes drying Cooking (dinner) 5 house plants 1 cord “green” wood 4 people Building materials Ground moisture

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Quantity (pints) ??? 4 - 6/load 1.2 (+1.5 gas) 1/day 600 - 800/season .5/hour ??? 0 - 100/day

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Source: Minnesota Extension Service (also, see GBA blog…)

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Sources ‐ Household Moisture

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Source Showering Clothes drying Cooking (dinner) 5 house plants 1 cord “green” wood 4 people Building materials Ground moisture

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Quantity (pints) .5 (5 - min shower) 4 - 6/load 1.2 (+1.5 gas) 1/day 600 - 800/season .5/hour 6 - 17/day 0 - 100/day

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Source: Minnesota Extension Service (also, see GBA blog…)

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Puzzle 1 – Rotten floor in Texas Gulf coast home

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Puzzle 1 – Rotten floor in Texas Gulf coast home

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly Outdoor Temperature & Relative Humidity

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly Indoor Temperature & Relative Humidity

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly structural subfloor

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly “Innards…”

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly Cavity Close‐up

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly Cavity Close‐up

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Puzzle 1 – Floor Assembly Cavity Close‐up

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Puzzle 1 – Air Leakage?

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• 1st condensing surface? • Condensation? • Exterior Conditions: T – 81.7 F; RH ‐ 78.7% • Interior Conditions: T ‐ 71.9 F; RH ‐ 63.1% • Dewpoint?

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Puzzle 1 – HVAC‐driven?

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Adapted from Building Science Corp

Puzzle 1 – HVAC‐driven – TX Gulf Coast Style?

Puzzle 2: What the heck are these guys up to?

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Images courtesy of Building America/Building Science Corporation

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Puzzle 2: Moisture at ridge in hot‐humid climate air‐permeable cavity insulation in unvented roof

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Images courtesy of Building America/Building Science Corporation

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Puzzle 2: Vapor Diffusion Ports

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Illustration: Tim Healey (JLC)/BSC

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Are vapor diffusion ports code compliant in CZ2 & 3?

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• 5.2.1: port location

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• 5.2.2: port area 1:600 ceiling • 5.2.3: port v.p. ≥ 20 perms

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• 5.2.4: port = air barrier

• 5.2.5: port protect precip

Illustration: Tim Healey (JLC)/BSC

Are vapor diffusion ports code compliant in CZ2 & 3?

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• 5.2.6: framing can’t block port • 5.2.7: roof slope ≥ 3:12

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Illustration: Tim Healey (JLC)/BSC

• 5.2.8: air‐permeable insulation up against roof sheathing • 5.2.9: any air‐impermeable tight to air‐permeable insulation • 5.2.10: dedicated air flow to attic – 50 cfm/1000 sf ceiling

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– Infra‐red & vented, radiant barrier attic HPuzzle 3 UB ER EN GIN EE RE DW OO DS

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Building supply bar code sticker

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Puzzle 4 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard

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Puzzle 4 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard

BE R • Pre‐primed trim & EN clapboard GIN • Appears to bleed through the latex topcoat

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Puzzle 4 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard

B ER • South side but not north side EN • Clapboard with G rainscreen • Same acrylic latex topcoat • Different source of clapboard

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Puzzle 4 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard

BE R • Species of wood does EN not seem to matterG IN • Moisture content of wood is not above 15% and often quite a bit drier

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Forest Products Lab Experts:

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• If you cover an oil‐based primer with a “modern” latex paint… • The oil in the primer becomes a food source… • The latex paint is vapor permeable and allows moisture to make it through to the oil… • Modern latex topcoats don’t have the chemical content to inhibit mold like they used to… • Solution: Don’t use oil‐based pre‐primed wood with latex top coats • Solution: Or if you do, look for a latex top coat with mildicide

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Puzzle 4 ‐ New Construction Takeaway

BE RE • Compatibility of components or adjacent, layered building materials is key. NG INE • Go with building product manufacturers that are E RE taking the lead on material compatibility/creating DW systems rather than lone materials (like ZIP system….) OO DS

Puzzle 5: liquid water leaks…

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Puzzle 5: recurring water leaks

B ER • Brick veneer E • Indianapolis, IN

NG • Tyvek‐OSB‐FG‐PE‐GWBIN • $200,000 reclad • Moisture problems persist

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Given these 2 faces, can you guess where the moisture showed up?

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Bay bump‐out

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Fireplace chimney

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What happens to water getting past brick veneer above the bumpout?

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Problem? Solutions?

B ER • Chimney is a “confused” space, not completely in or out of the house E NG • Water getting behind veneer running down to bump‐out shed INE roof and going … where? • Solution(s)? Follow the water E R • WRB continuous around chimney chaseED WO • Thru‐flashing to carry moisture load from brick veneer above • What about painting the brick to reduce/eliminate bulk water O DS wetting?

Puzzle 5 ‐ New Construction Takeaway

BE RE • The “pen test” would have avoided this construction defect. NG INE • Make sure that all 3 of your control layers work; are E RE continuous. DW OO DS

Puzzle fatigue…

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HBC workshop San Antonio/Austin TX

1. buildingscience.com a. Enclosures that Work b. Designs that Work c. BSC Building Materials Property Table 2. SUNY/Harvard indoor air quality study - https://green.harvard.edu/toolsresources/research-highlight/impact-green-buildings-cognitive-function 3. Whole Building Design Guide – wbdg.org 4. Buildinggreen.com – a. 7 tips to getting foamed-in-place insulation right b. Sticky Business 5. JLC online: “Avoiding Wet Roofs” – two-part article 6. Building America Solution Center (by climate best practice) 7. GBA Vapor Profile: https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/vapor-profileshelp-predict-whether-a-wall-can-dry 8. GBA Hygrothermal Building Assessment: https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/the-construction-process-part-1building-assessment 9. GBA Household Moisture Sources: https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/moisture-sources-relative-humidityand-mold 10. GBA Measuring/Understanding Humidity: https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/measuring-and-understandinghumidity 11. Database of State Incentives for Renewable & Efficiency: http://www.dsireusa.org 12. example high performance/building science building professional organization: http://www.seon.info (see Building Science Guild)

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