U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
D E ER
2015 Energy Code (as Opportunity)
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
O W
S D O
AIA Continuing Education
O W
S D O
Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.
D E ER
This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
I G N
E N
___________________________________________ Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
U H
R E B
E
Course Description
D E ER
O W
S D O
Discussion on the changes in the 2015 IECC as they relate to the Building Enclosure. Discussion on how performance components of insulation, water management, air leakage, and HVAC relate to a whole as the building enclosure. Meeting the new code can be challenging, come understand the opportunities available in meeting these challenges. Pete and Steve will have you walking away with Easy‐to‐Understand solutions they use everyday, that meet the new code, while providing the means to a comfortable, durable, energy efficient, valued building enclosure.
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
Learning Objectives
O W
S D O
1. Identify the new provisions of the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) and the Energy-Efficiency requirements of the 2012 and 2015 International Residential Code (IRC).
D E ER
2. Compare and contrast the Prescriptive and Performance compliance paths of the IECC and IRC.
I G N
E N
3. Explain why vapor retarders are of critical concern when using continuous exterior insulation.
E
4. Describe the interaction between air sealing and insulation performance in buildings.
U H
R E B
Choosing a Path: Chaplain Israel Yost -
Discipline
-
Learning
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Choosing a Path: Chaplain Israel Yost When someone makes your skin crawl they are either full of it or you are about to learn something You have a choice: -
E N
I G Listen closely (much harder) N E R E B U H Write them off (easy path)
D E ER
O W
S D O
Building science was like that for me‌
O W
S D O
I decided to listen more closely‌
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
You have a choice of paths -
U H
R E B
E
Code compliance (pretty easy path, all three of them‌)
D E -RHigh performance as a E business opportunity
E N
I G N
O W
S D O
(maybe harder initially but...)
New Jersey State and County Level Map -
U H
R E B
E N
E
O W
CZ5
D E ER
-
I G N
Green:
Yellow: CZ4
S D O
Code Resource Center
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
An NJ-specific code resource
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Understanding Energy Codes: Compliance Paths
Mandatory
D E ER
Requirements must be met in every building design regardless of compliance path.
Prescriptive (components)
R E B
Follow a menu of requirements.
U H
E Performance N I G (systems) N E Flexible; allows tradeoffs.
O W
S D O
Energy Rating Index (new for 2015) Simpler; still flexible. Incl. ERI method or RESNET, Energy Star 3.1, Passivehaus,
B U H
D E R E Mandatory: Key Elements E N I G N E ER
O W
S D O
Mandatory: Key Elements AIR SEALING REQUIREMENTS (Mandatory) N1102.4 (R402.4) Air Leakage (Mandatory).
D E ER
The building thermal envelope shall be constructed to limit air leakage in accordance with the requirements of Sections N1102.4.1 through N1102.4.5.
• • • • •
I G N
E N
All joints, seams and penetrations. Site‐built windows, doors and skylights. Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective jambs and framing. Utility penetrations. Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope.
U H
R E B
E
• • • •
O W
S D O
Knee walls. Walls and ceilings separating a garage from conditioned spaces. Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls. Common walls between dwelling units.
AIR SEALING REQUIREMENTS (Mandatory)
O W
N1102.4 (R402.4) Air Leakage (Mandatory)
D E ER
S D O
Testing required: No more than 3 ACH50
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
The code does not require a third‐party inspector, but does specify who can do it: • HERS Rater • HERS Rating Field Inspector • BPI Certified Professional • BBRS approved third party
Mandatory: Key Elements DUCTS
U H
R E B
S D O
N1103.3.2 (R403.3.2) Sealing (Mandatory) Ducts, air handlers and filter boxes shall be sealed.
Exception: Ducts located completely inside the building thermal envelope.
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
N1103.3.5 (R403.3.5) Building Cavities (Mandatory). Framing cavities shall not be used as ducts or plenums.
Mandatory: Key Elements Window Air Leakage (AL)
U H
R E B
0.3 cfm/sf (cubic feet per minute per square foot of window area)
D E ER
E N
I G N
E
O W
S D O
Mandatory: Key Elements HVAC: ACCA Manual J
O W
S D O
HVAC load calculation standard vs…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
Mandatory: Key Elements
N1103.3.3 (R403.3.3) Duct Testing (Mandatory)
DUCT LEAKAGE
U H
R E B
D E ER
E N
I G N
E
S D O
O W
1. Rough‐in test: Total leakage less than or equal to 4 cfm per 100 square feet of conditioned floor area. 2. Post‐construction test: Total leakage less than or equal to 4 cfm per 100 square feet of conditioned floor area.
Mandatory: Key Elements MECHANICAL VENTILATION
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Mandatory: Key Elements MECHANICAL VENTILATION
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Understanding Energy Codes INSULATION REQUIREMENTS: Above Grade
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Understanding Energy Codes INSULATION REQUIREMENTS: Above Grade
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Understanding Energy Codes INSULATION REQUIREMENTS: Above Grade
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Energy Code 2015: Vapor retarders
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Energy Code 2015: Vapor retarders
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Energy Code 2015: Vapor retarders
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Energy Code 2015: Vapor retarders
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Understanding Energy Codes
Key Take-Aways • • • •
O W
S D O
D E Code now reflects more complex building science R E Prescriptive path (componentE based): Must follow the entire N code to avoid risk I G Performance or ERIN (both system based). Affords more flexibility E and more opportunity. R E B U H The evolving energy code is becoming more challenging
Up Next: My buddy Steve – Defining High Performance
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
D E ER
O W
S D O
This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course
I G N
Hanley Wood Media, Inc
U H
R E B
E N
E
Cesar Rodriguez crodriguez@hanleywood.com
Thank You to our Sponsors
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
WELCOME
O W
S D O
HOMEBUILDING CROSSROADS D
E ER
E FALL N 2017
E PERFORMANCE HIGH R
E B
U H
I G N
DEFINED HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
D E ER
E N
I G N
E
“It's unwise to pay too much, but it's worse to pay too little. When you pay too much, you lose a little money ‐ that's all. When you pay too little, you sometimes lose everything, because the thing you bought was incapable of doing the thing it was bought to do. The common law of business balance prohibits paying a little and getting a lot ‐ it can't be done. If you deal with the lowest bidder, it is well to add something for the risk you run, and if you do that you will have enough to pay for something better.”
O W
S D O
John Ruskin
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
CASE for
O HIGH PERFORMANCE W Energy Efficiency
S D O
E N
D E Indoor Air Quality R E
I G N Water Efficiency Value / Quality E R E B U H “If it don’t last – it doesn’t really matter” Resource Efficiency
Durability
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Where Are YOU? Does it REALLY matter?
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
High Performance Labels
“While Labels present a relative comparison of position – for me, HP is the balance of budget / performance and the Opportunity to set oneself apart from the rest”
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Do you know who your client is? Do you know what their expectations are? Do you have a minimum expectation?
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
Label?? Perfomance Metric?? Or Component?? Where’s your Roadmap taking YOU?? HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Final Choices Modest Advances
O W
S D O
D E R As the level of Advancement and Opportunity in Performance E increases – inversely proportional – the Cost increases E N I G The Goal isn’t to deliver the most exceptional performance N everytime – butE rather be prepared to answer the question R E B U WHAT’s NEXT? H Low Hanging Fruit
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Some Current CHALLENGES
R E B
U H
D E ER
- Code - Materials - Assemblies - Workmanship - CLIENT DESIRE - Performance - CLIENT SATISFACTION
E N
I G N
E
O W
S D O
Past Thinking…………..…………
Current Thinking HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
The Education
Imperative
One of the PROBLEMS with our industry is that we tend to believe and receive our education “Old School”…….
D E ER
OLD
U H
R E B
E N
I G while our actual N Enecessity to keep up
O W
S D O
R 12+26 = 30
NEW
requires “New School”…..
R 10+10 = 30 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
“INTEGRATION” not “Application”
S D O
Many of the SERVICES required need to be PLANNED FOR (especially SOG Foundations)
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
And of course, there is always the CHALLENGE of Theory vs Practice
R E Sometimes our history B U CHALLENGES our H desire to make change
Historically for Some – Change Heightens Risk
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
FOUR Components of High Performance
25% / 55%
B U H
ER
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
25% / 15%
25% / 15% 25% / 15%
Considered EQUAL at Conception, As IMPROVEMENT to any Component increases, the Contribution of the Other Components – REGRESSES……..High Performance Decision making requires PROPORTIONATE Advancement HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
B U H
ER
E N
I G N
E
S D The Four Barriers O of Control in Order O of Priority W// Control D provides increased E Durability, ER Comfort, Health, and Energy Efficiency
High Performance = Control
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Energy Efficiency is a Two Headed Monster
Existing
U H
R E B
Renovated
D E ER
O W
E N
E
I G N 1. Create / Convert your
Energy as inexpensive as possible
2. Hold onto it as long as you can HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
PROPORTIONATE and CONTINUOUS 60
5
(20)
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
40
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
10
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D Don’t forget the potential for OVERHEATING O O W D E R E E N I G N E R E B U H HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
40 (38) (49) 3 (.32)
U H
R E B
I G N
E N
E
D E ER
S D O Thermal O W Control
21/6 (13/5)
Proportional and Continuous
15 (15) 10 (10) HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
WHOLE WALL R‐VALUE “Proportionate AND Continuous – the MATH” WALL SPECIFICATIONS
D E ER
O W
WHOLE WALL
S D O
ADD R‐6.5 CONTINUOUS
2x4 16”oc (22%) // R‐3 window (15%) // R‐15 Cavity (63%)
R‐7.0
R‐11.3 (61%)
2x6 16”oc (22%) // R‐3 window (15%) // R‐19 Cavity (63%)
R‐8.7
R‐12.6 (44%)
2x6 16”oc (14%) // R‐3 window (15%) // R‐21 Cavity (71%)
R‐9.6
R‐13.5 (41%)
WALL SPECIFICATIONS (INCREASE TO R‐5 WINDOW)
WHOLE WALL
INCREASE TO R‐7.5 WINDOW
2x6 16”oc (20%) // R‐5 win (15%) // R‐21 + 6.5 CONT (65%)
R‐14.6
R‐17.1 (17%)
2x6 16”oc (20%) // R‐5 win (15%) // R‐21 + 13 CONT (65%)
R‐16.9
R‐20.3 (20%)
2x8 24”oc (15%) // R‐5 win (15%) // R‐28 + 13 CONT (70%)
R‐18.6
R‐22.8 (23%)
R E B
U H
E
I G N
E N
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
MARVIN Tripane ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
S D O
Tripane Casement or DH U .23 (R‐4.3) Domestically Produced Historical References 5/8” Mutins
D E ER
O W
E N
Q Are triple pane windows the best? The more panes the better, right?
I G N
A Not always. Triple‐pane windows work best when enhanced energy performance is a key objective. Tripane offers a range of low‐E configurations for greater Solar Heat Gain control, including panes filled with argon or krypton‐argon gas for added efficiency. But no matter how many panes there are, if the window is poorly constructed, poorly installed or allows air leakage, it will not be efficient.
R E B
E
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Sierra Pacific Aspen Casement
D E ER
O W
‐ Triple Glazed Low‐E Argon filled U .16 (R‐6.25) ‐ Sash increased to 2 ¼” for 1 3/8” IGU
R E B
‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
E N
Competitively Priced – Custom Accommodating Sustainable Forestry Initiative = LEED Points Domestically Produced – Co‐Generation Plants 75 Colors – 30 year Warranty
E
I G N
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
“ADVANCED Framing”
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
General Advanced Framing Photos
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
D E ER
O W
S D O
Re-Locate to Nearest King Truss Header Stud as Possible
R E B
E
I G N
E N
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Durability BEGINS with WORKMANSHIP / EDUCATION
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Durability is about the Right and Wrong Decisions in DESIGN
?
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
? U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Airtightness
O W
No Building can be
TOO TIGHT – a
D E ER
Building can ONLY be under ventilated
B U H
ER
E
I G N
E N
There are areas where the AIR BARRIER my be multiple components
All Buildings SHOULD PASS the RED LINE test R402.4.1.2 Testing
The Building or Dwelling unit shall be tested and verified as having an air leakage rate not exceeding
THREE air changes per hour in Climate Zones 3 Thru 8 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
AREA of INITIAL Concern
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
O W
D E ER Air Tightness
Highest Exfiltration Pressure
Neutral Pressure Plane
S D O
Airtightness Pressures VARY Along the Building Envelope
Highest Infiltration Pressure AREA of INITIAL Concern HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
My SECRET Is OUT!!
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
4 Formal Blower Door Tests and 1 Fog Test 1. 32 cfm at 50Pa (.16 Ach50Pa) 2. 25 cfm at 50Pa (.12 Ach50Pa) 3. 104 cfm at 50Pa (.51 Ach50Pa) 4. 116 cfm at 50Pa (.56 Ach50Pa) HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
.56
.45
O W
S D O
.37 D E R PASSIVE HOUSE BLOWER DOOR FINAL TEST (AVG ‐POS/NEG) ach50 Pa E E N I .16 G .32 N E R E B U H HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D Energy Efficiency……Success balances in a degree or two… O O W D E R E E N I G N E R E B U H
VAPOR – It challenges everything……Durability, Health, Comfort,
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R702.7 Vapor Retarders – Class I or II vapor retarders are required on the interior side of frame walls in Climate Zones – Marine 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. R702.7.1 Class III Vapor Retarders – Class III vapor retarders shall be permitted where any one of the conditions in Table 702.7.1 is met
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
Class I ‐ .1 perms or less Class II ‐ .1<perm<= 1.0 Class III – 1.0,perm<10 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
O W
S D O
It’s not that High Performance Houses cost too much; it’s that our idea of a fairly priced new home is based on a history of building houses to meet embarrassingly Low Performance benchmarks.”
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
“Baczek”
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Code Questions
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
D E ER
O W
S D O
Homebuilding Crossroads: 2015 Energy Code and High Performance Building Science Foundation â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Keeping Our Homes Safe and Sound
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
S D O
Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of
O W
Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.
This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content
D E ER
that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of
I G N
E N
handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. ___________________________________________
R E B
E
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
U H
S D O
The building science principles forming the foundation for high performance are how heat moves, how moisture moves, and how the two always work together. The three forms of
O W
heat transfer—radiation, conduction, and convection—and the four modes of moisture
D E ER
movement—bulk water, capillary water, air-transported moisture, and vapor diffusion—are covered by practical expressions in buildings. The management of heat and moisture
E N
(hygrothermal) is accomplished by continuous control layers—water, air, and thermal—and
I G N
then inevitable wetting is managed with a vapor profile—dedicated and directional drying by
E
diffusion. This educational module sets the stage for how high performance can be
R E B
accomplished in the context of model energy code compliance.
U H
S D O
1. The building science principles forming the foundation for high performance are how heat moves, how moisture moves, and how the two always work together.
D E ER
O W
2. The three forms of heat transfer—radiation, conduction, and convection—and the four modes of moisture movement— bulk water, capillary water, air-transported moisture, and vapor diffusion—are covered by practical expressions in buildings.
E N
3. The management of heat and moisture (hygrothermal) is accomplished by continuous control layers—water, air, and
I G N
thermal—and then inevitable wetting is managed with a vapor profile—dedicated and directional drying by diffusion.
E
4. This educational module sets the stage for how high performance can be accomplished in the context of model energy
R E B
code compliance.
U H
Full disclosure…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
O W
• • • •
S D O
D E Study of how heat, air, and moisture move in, around, and through R buildings E E How stuff gets wet and dries (or not…) N I G Moisture and heat flows are linked; this is not an option, it’s the LAW N E High performance builders: R manage heat & moisture with equal intensity E B U H
Proof Positive
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building get wet?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly get wet?
D E ER
• leak, inside or out
• Bulk water
E N
I G N E Solution? R
E B
U H
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O Photo: Berger Building Products
Weather‐lapped Flashing
How many ways can a building get wet?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly get wet?
D E ER
• capillarity of porous materials
• Wicking
E N
I G N E Solution? R
E B
U H
O W
S D O
Cap Break
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building get wet?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly get wet?
D E ER
• Air leak
• Convection
E N
U H
E B
I G N E Solution? R
O W
S D O
Air Seal
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building get wet?
R E B
E
I G N
Summer basement conditions, bare dirt floor: Air Temperature = 66 F Relative Humidity = 91% Dewpoint temperature = 63.5
U H
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly get wet?
• Diffusion
D E ER
• interior‐exterior gradients, created by space conditioning & climate
E N
I G N E Solution? R
U H
E B
O W
S D O
Decouple soil moisture from space
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly get wet?
S D O
O • leak, inside or out W • Bulk water D • capillarity of porous E • Wicking R materials E • Air‐transported moisture E N • air leak I • Diffusion G • interior‐exterior N E gradients, created by R space conditioning & E B climate U H
Prioritizing moisture movement • #1 – bulk water • #2 – capillary water • #3 – air-transported moisture • #4 – diffusive moisture movement
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many ways can a building assembly dry?
• Space • Air Pathway and driving force • Evaporation
• Free drainage • Convection • Diffusion
U H
R E B
D E ER
O W
S D O
E
I G N
E N
Once wet, how does the inside of a wall like this dry?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
S D O
O Drying Potential of Building Assemblies W
D or RE E E N I Why We Care About the Vapor Permeability of Building G N E Materials R E B U H
How many layers in this wall? • Block • Lathing • Plaster
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
How many layers in today’s “typical” wall?
O W
• Exterior finish
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
S D O
Two…
O W
• Exterior finish • Cladding
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
S D O
Three…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
• Exterior finish • Cladding • WRB
D E ER
E N
O W
S D O
Four and five…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
• Exterior finish • Cladding • WRB • Sheathing • Framing
Six, seven and eight…
U H
R E B
E
D E ER
E N
I G N
O W
• Exterior finish • Cladding • WRB • Sheathing • Framing • Insulation • Vapor retarder • Gypsum board
S D O
Nine and ten.
U H
R E B
E
D E ER
E N
I G N
O W
• Exterior finish • Cladding • WRB • Sheathing • Framing • Insulation • Vapor retarder • Gypsum board • Primer • Interior finish
S D O
Vapor Profile
S 1. Determine vapor permeability of each D O component of assembly O W 2. Identify least vapor permeable D E component(s) R E 3. Assess direction andEextent of vapor drive: IN interior/exteriorGtemperature difference, N interior/exterior relative humidities E (remember always high to low) R E B 4. Identify/assess drying direction & potential U H Moisture profile rather than vapor profile?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Representative Vapor Permeability Info Material
Dry Cup
Wet Cup
Comments
Plywood
.75
3.5
Semi-permeable
OSB
.75
2
Semi-
Fiberboard (AI)
14.5
15
Thermo Ply
0.5
0.6
XPS
1
1
EPS
5
6-mil poly
.06
Kraft paper
1
MemBrainâ&#x201E;˘
B U H TyvekÂŽ
ER
Latex paint (primer + 1 coat)
1 14
E N
I G N
5
E
3.6
D E ER
Permeable
O W
S D O
impermeable Semi (but with skin, im-)
Semi-
.06
Impermeable
5 - 10
Semi- (variable)
10+
Variable, by design
?
permeable
6
Semi-
Data from BSC Building Materials Property Table
Vapor Profile: Example 1 1. Latex paint - 17 perms 2. Wall board - 40 3. Cellulose - 75 4. XPS 1 5. Air space - “300” 6. Wood siding - “35” 7. Oil-based paint - 0.6 Least permeable (other than 7): 4. XPS
U H
R E B
E
D E ER
E N
I G N
7
6
5
4
O W
S D O 3 2 1
Vapor Profile: Example 2 1. Vinyl wallpaper - <0.1 perms 2. Wall board - 40 3. Cellulose - 75 4. Foil-faced polyiso - <0.1 5. Vinyl siding - â&#x20AC;&#x153;60â&#x20AC;? Least permeable (in fact, impermeable): 1 & 4
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER 5
O W
S D O 3 2 1
4
43
Connecting High Performance, the new Code, and Building Science S
O W
D O
• Keeping homes safe and sound means protecting the structure (durability) and occupants (IAQ) while you improve energy efficiency • To do that, you need to manage energy and moisture with equal intensity—it’s the Law • You achieve this with continuous control layers for water, air, and heat flows • And your backup plan is to design in drying potential “just in case” stuff gets wet
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
Hygrothermal Balance WETTING:
DRYING:
‐ Bulk water ‐ Capillary water ‐ Air‐transported ‐ Diffusion
U H
R E B
O W
‐ Free drainage ‐ Cap break ‐ Convection ‐ Diffusion
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
YOUR BUILDING
S D O
O W
S D O
D Hygrothermal Balancing: 2015 Model Energy E Code:ER E N
I G Connecting vapor retarder requirements to N E exterior insulation and/or venting of claddings R E B U H
Hygrothermal Balancing: 2015 Model Energy Code S
O W
D E R E Wall assemblies in the building thermal E envelope shall comply with the vapor N I retarder requirements of Section R702.7. G N E R E B N1102.1.1 (R402.1.1) Vapor Retarder.
U H
D O
Hygrothermal Balancing: 2015 Model Energy Code S R702.7 Vapor Retarders. Base‐case for Prescriptive code: Class I or II
B U H
ER
E
Class I: Sheet polyethylene, unperforated aluminum foil.
E N
I G N
Can use Class III, but must meet specific criteria
D E ER
O W
Class II: Kraft‐faced fiberglass batts. Class III: Latex paint.
D O
Hygrothermal Balancing: 2015 Model Energy Code S
O W
TABLE R702.7.1 CLASS III VAPOR RETARDERS
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
D O
How do vapor retarders, vented claddings, and S exterior rigid insulation fit together? D
O • Classes of vapor retarder try to balance wintertime wetting with drying O potential to the interior (the rest of the year…). W D • Vented claddings (or ventilated?) increase drying potential to the E exterior (not to mention free drainage of bulk water). R E • Warming building assemblies reduces the potential for wintertime E N interstitial condensation. I G • The code is including more and more building science‐based elements N E over time, recognizing that both heat and moisture flows must be R managed. E B U H
S D O
Wait: how—if at all—are roofs different than walls? • Do roofs see any less or more bulk water? • Do roofs see any less or more conductive heat loss? • Do roofs see any less or more convective heat loss? • Do roofs vent any worse or better than walls? • Do roofs see any more or less sun? • Do roofs see any more or less wind?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Roofs: Hygrothermal Performance and the Code • Is there an attic and is it vented, and how?
O W
D E R E • If no attic, is the roof assembly vented or unvented? E N • Does the ceiling of the attic “need” a vapor retarder? I G • Does the Code make the same connections for vapor N E retarder/continuous insulation/vented cladding as it does for walls? R E B U H • Gable‐to‐gable vs soffit‐to‐ridge • Free square footage ratio to floor area • 1:150 vs 1:300
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
E “To Vent or not to Vent?” ‐ Page 13 R E B U H
Durable claddings are vented claddings
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Summary Continuous:
U H
R E B
-
Bulk water management
-
Air leakage management (convective heat flow)
-
Vapor profile (dedicated directional drying potential)
D E R E - Thermal management E N (conductive heat flow)
I G N
E
O W
S D O
D E ER
O W
S D O
This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course
I G N
E N
Hanley Wood Media, Inc.
U H
R E B
E
Cesar Rodriguez crodriguez@hanleywood.com
Thank You to our Sponsors
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
WELCOME
O W
S D O
D E RROSSRADS HOMEBUILDING C E E N I FALL 2017 G N E High Performance in PRACTICE R E B U CASE STUDIES H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Some personal thoughts S D ● “Mother Nature ALWAYS Wins!!!!!” O
O W
● “Don’t Do STUPID Things!!!!!” D
E ER
● “Work Slower to E BE Faster”
R E B
N I G N
E
U H
My FAB 4 Integrated // Continuous // Proportionate // Opportunity HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
DURABILITY FIRST!!! “If it doesn’t last, IT DON”T MATTER!!!!”
I G N
E N
I can achieve Performance, Health, and Comfort, Energy Efficiency, and Environmental Responsibility, once I have established DURABILITY.
U H
R E B
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
8 YEARS OLD HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
I know you live here, BUT do YOU UNDERSTAND what HERE IS???
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
Thermal Regions and Rain Exposure HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
I am often asked, “What Material works best?” “UMMMM, the one that is installed RIGHT!” HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
VAPOR ER B U H
It’s NOT only about what I keep OUT?? Sometimes it’s about WHAT I keep IN HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
MECHANICAL VENTILATION - CONTROL
R E B
E N
I G N
E
U H
Point Source
D E ER
Supply Return
O W
S D O
Exhaust
Supply
Distributed HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
N E
D E R Temperature, E E Thermal N and I Bridging G
O W
S D O
Condensing Surfaces??
U H
28,000 SqFt Private Residence // Wall Section Detail HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
D E ER
O W
S D O
I G N
E N
E R E B WATER MANAGEMENT U H HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
Below Grade Perimeter Drain HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
Existing
New
U H House Renovation / Zero Tolerance Water Whole HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
Designed To Connect the UPPER SubSlab to LOWER SubSlab
R E B
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Plastic Drainable Slab Dam Installed at Perimeter
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
Perimeter Drain With Filter Sock Set In Stone Bed
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
DOWN DOWN
OUT
R E B
U H
I G N
E
Ensure the rule Is applied to All Details
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
OUT
WM Rule #1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Down and OUT
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U HAIR LEAKAGE CONTINUITY is the KEY
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
3.0 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
Exterior Sheathing as PRIMARY AIR BARRIER HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
DisCONTINUITY = FAILURE
R E B
E N
I G N
E
Good Selection Of Material BUT POOR EXECUTION
D E ER
O W
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Common Materials
O W
Planned Execution
R E B Continuity U Hthe KEY Is
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
D E ER
R E B
O W
S D O
E N THERMAL I G N E
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
EXECUTION ??
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O O W SOME CASE STUDIES D E R E E N I G N E R E B U H HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R-100
O W
D U .13 / R-7.6 E ER
R-48
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
R-78
E
S D O
AIR LEAKAGE .34 ach 50 Pa
R-54 R-25 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Water Management Air Barrier Thermal Vapor
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
Water Management Air Barrier
R E B
Vapor
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
Thermal
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Water Management Air Barrier Thermal Vapor
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Water Management Air Barrier Thermal Vapor
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H ASSEMBLY
ROOF / EAVE / HEAD
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
AIR LEAKAGE .56 ach 50 Pa
U H
R E B
R-108
D E R U .13 / R-7.6 E E N I G N E
O W
S D O
R-70
R-74 Building Section AA
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
AIR LEAKAGE .45 ach 50 Pa
D E ER
R-91.7 R-49.2
R E B
U .13 / R-7.6
E N
I G N
E
O W
S D O
U H
R-48.3 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R-40 HOT ROOF
R-3.3 ANDERSEN
U H
R E B
E
AIR LEAKAGE 1.25 ach 50 Pa
E N
I G N
R-27.5 ABOVE GRADE WALL
D E ER
O W
S D O
R-15 R-10 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
40
3
13
D E ER
21/6.5
R E B
10
E N
I G N
E
O W
S D O
U AIR H LEAKAGE 1.5 ach 50 Pa HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
S D O
R-27 ccsf R-31.9 blown Rockwool R-13 cont insul shtng R-32 Rockwool R-45 total
E N
D E ER
I G N
O W
R-58.9 total
R-7.7 /8.3 WINDOWS
R-26
AIR LEAKAGE 1.1 ach 50 Pa
U H
R E B
E
R-10
BSC RULE 10 / 20 / 40 / 60 / 5 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
O W
D THANKEYOU R E E
S D O
N I STEVEN BACZEK Architect G N E ER
www.stevenbaczekarchitect.com B U H 781-354-5839 HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
Thank You to Our Sponsors
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
HomeBuilding Crossroads FALL 2017
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
O W
D E Homebuilding Crossroads: R E 2015 Energy Code and High Performance E N I G Building Science Puzzles N E R E B U H
S D O
AIA Continuing Education
O W
S D O
Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.
D E ER
This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
I G N
E N
___________________________________________ Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
U H
R E B
E
Course Description
D E ER
O W
S D O
Building Science Puzzles ‐ A wide variety of moisture problems in buildings are covered in a step‐ by‐step discovery process in which attendees use building science principles to identify the moisture problems and develop appropriate solutions. Even though all of the puzzles are for existing buildings the principles demonstrated by each puzzle can and will be related to moisture management in new construction.
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
Learning Objectives
D E ER
O W
S D O
1. Follow building science principles as expressed in actual case studies 2. Employ prioritization of wetting and drying mechanisms 3. Employ practical understanding of building principles 4. Employ process to evaluating building case studies
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
Premises
O W
S D O
D E R equal intensity. Energy & moisture must be managed with E E Follow the water. N I G N E R E B U H Things get wet, heat dries them out.
Energy efficiency measures reduce heat loss.
Mold/Rot Basics
S D O
• Temperature/Food/Water • Molds (spores) are everywhere, all the time… • They like the same temperatures we do… • They like many of the materials out of which we like to build… • Mold generally shows up at 19% MC or higher • Rot requires 25‐ 28% MC • The easiest/most effective approach to control mold/rot is, almost always, managing moisture.
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
What about interior sources of moisture?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Sources ‐ Household Moisture Source Showering Clothes drying Cooking (dinner) 5 house plants 1 cord “green” wood 4 people Building materials Ground moisture
R E B
U H
E
D E ER
E N
I G N
O W
Quantity (pints) ??? 4 - 6/load 1.2 (+1.5 gas) 1/day 600 - 800/season .5/hour ??? 0 - 100/day
Source: Minnesota Extension Service (also, see GBA blog…)
S D O
Sources ‐ Household Moisture Source Showering Clothes drying Cooking (dinner) 5 house plants 1 cord “green” wood 4 people Building materials Ground moisture
R E B
U H
E
Quantity (pints) .5 (5 - min shower) 4 - 6/load 1.2 (+1.5 gas) 1/day 600 - 800/season .5/hour 6 - 17/day 0 - 100/day
D E ER
E N
I G N
O W
S D O
Source: Minnesota Extension Service (also, see GBA blog…)
Puzzle 1 (Zone 6) – Mold in kitchen • Mold insurance claim • Mold mitigated once • Building scientists called in • Structure at bottom of steep hill with lake on opposite side • Insurance inspector “baffled” by mold returning…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
View as you drive up…
U H
R E B
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
12
Pieces – addition with full basement
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Crawlspace inspection…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
“Incorrectly‐installed” floor insulation…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Key Takeaways/Lessons Learned • Ignore the client; do the “edges” first… • Existing info • “Walk” the exterior (bulk water) • Foundation (bulk & capillary) • Follow the water…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Puzzle 1 ‐ New Construction Takeaway
O W
S D O
• “Confused” areas of buildings are a REAL problem
D E • Make sure that attics & crawlspaces are either R E completely in or completely outside your control E N I layers: water, air, & thermal G N E R E B U H
Puzzle 2 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard • Pre‐primed trim & clapboard • Appears to bleed through the latex topcoat
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Puzzle 2 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard • South side but not north side • Clapboard with rainscreen • Same acrylic latex topcoat • Different source of clapboard
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Puzzle 2 – mold on painted exterior trim & clapboard • Species of wood does not seem to matter • Moisture content of wood is not above 15% and often quite a bit drier
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Forest Products Lab Experts:
S D • If you cover an oil‐based primer with a “modern” latex paint… O • The oil in the primer becomes a food source… O W • The latex paint is vapor permeable and allows moisture to make D E it through to the oil… R E • Modern latex topcoats don’t have the chemical content to inhibit E mold like they used to… IN G • Solution: Don’t use oil‐based pre‐primed wood with latex top N E coats R E • Solution: Or if you do, look for a latex top coat with mildicide B U H
Puzzle 2 ‐ New Construction Takeaway
O W
S D O
• Compatibility of components or adjacent, layered building materials is key.
E N
D E ER
• Go with building product manufacturers that are taking the lead on material compatibility/creating systems rather than lone materials (like ZIP system….)
U H
R E B
E
I G N
Puzzle 3: liquid water leaks…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Puzzle 3: recurring water leaks • Brick veneer • Indianapolis, IN • Tyvek‐OSB‐FG‐PE‐GWB • $200,000 reclad • Moisture problems persist
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Given these 2 faces, can you guess where the S moisture expressed? D
R E B
U H
Bay bump‐out
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
Fireplace chimney
W
O O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
E N
I G N
E
D E ER
O W
S D O
R E What happens to water getting past the brick veneer above the B U bumpout H brick ledge?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Problem? Solutions?
O W
S D O
• Chimney is a “confused” space, not completely in or out of the house • Water getting behind veneer running down to bump‐out shed roof and going … where? • Solution(s)? Follow the water • WRB continuous around chimney chase • Thru‐flashing to carry moisture load from brick veneer above • What about painting the brick to reduce/eliminate bulk water wetting?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
Puzzle 3 ‐ New Construction Takeaway
O W
S D O
• The “pen test” would have avoided this construction defect.
E N
D E ER
• Make sure that all 3 of your control layers work; are continuous.
U H
R E B
E
I G N
Puzzle 4: mold in closets in “certain” locations • Hudson Valley NY • About 10 years old • Full walk‐out basement • Vented attic
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Bulk water management
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Interior sources of moisture
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Interior sources of moisture
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Assessment conducted 4‐21‐15
O W
S D O
• Outdoors: 59F (dry bulb); RH 64%; dewpoint: 46F. • Basement: 56F (dry bulb); RH: 60%; dewpoint: 42F • Kitchen: 65.5 F (dry bulb); RH: 56%; dewpoint: 47F • Upstairs (MBR): 68F (dry bulb); RH: 46%; dewpoint: 47
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
One more crucial clue:
S D O
mold on back walls of closet gypsum board only O in closets along central partition… W
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
Puzzle #4: last clue – proportions?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
S D O
Attic looking down…
U H
R E B
Basement looking up…
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
Solutions?
O W
S D O
• Air seal marriage wall in basement/attic • Improve bulk water management • Connect downspouts properly to drainage • Waterproof exposed above‐grade foundation • Improve interior moisture management • Vent kitchen range hood to outdoors • Replace existing bath exhausts with Energy Star h‐controlled or timer units • Store less cordwood in basement
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
Puzzle 4 ‐ New Construction Takeaway
S D Performance testing (in this case, blower door test) is O O really key to getting the details right on each home. W D E R A high performance homeowner’s manual can help E E with occupant management of moisture loads they N I create and can be a great marketing tool distinguishing G N your company’s attention to detail. E R E B U H
Puzzle 5: “Fanciful Fuel”
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Fireplace/woodstove insert above…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
CMU fireplace base below…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Basement slab has moisture barrier
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
CMU fireplace base supporting…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Order of operations?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Problem? Solution?
O W
S D O
• CMU chimney base put in before basement slab so likely no moisture barrier under fireplace CMU column • Staining pre‐dates insert wood stove • But what about the blue‐green efflorescence?
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
Puzzle 5 ‐ New Construction Takeaway
O W
S D O
• Working out job site sequencing is key to successful continuity of control layers
E N
D E ER
• Maybe the pen test is not just footing to ridge but goes across the basement slab as well!
U H
R E B
E
I G N
Puzzle fatigue…
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O
D E ER
O W
S D O
This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course
I G N
Hanley Wood Media, Inc
U H
R E B
E N
E
Cesar Rodriguez crodriguez@hanleywood.com
Thank You to our Sponsors
U H
R E B
E
I G N
E N
D E ER
O W
S D O