معلقة عمرو ابن كلثوم

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‫ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ – ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺩ ‪ -22‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ )‪2006 (2+1‬‬

‫ﻤﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺴﻴﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻐﻭﺙ‬

‫ﻤﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻠﺜﻭﻡ‬ ‫"ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻠﻴل"‬

‫ﻤﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺴﻴﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻐﻭﺙ‬

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‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﻭﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻭ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺘﻐﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﻭ‪‬ﻗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠـﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻤـﺎ‬

‫ﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻫﻭ ﺩﺍﺨل ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻤل‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﻐﺯل ﻟﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻜﻨﺎﻴـ ﹰﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ ﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﺯ‪‬ل‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻡ ﺘﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺭﻤﺯﹰﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﻭ‪‬ﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﻔﺨﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻭﺓ؛ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻗﻴﻠﺕ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻻ ﻴﺴـﺘﺩﻋﻲ‬

‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﺨﺭﻩ ﺠﻤﺎﻋﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﻔﺨﺭ ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ؛ ﻭﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟـﻙ‬

‫ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻔﺎﺨﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻴﻠ ﹰﺔ ﺘﻌﺎﺩﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻴﻔﺎﺨﺭ ﻓﺭﺩﹰﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﺠﻠﱠﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﺌﻌﺎﹰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﻔﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺩﺓ ﺒﺼﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ‪‬‬

‫ﺞ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻨﻁﻕ ﺒﻤﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺭ‪،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺩﺓ ﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻑ‪،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ‪،‬ﻜﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻟﻐﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺠﻭﺩ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﺤﻭﺸـﻲ ﺍﻷﻟﻔـﺎﻅ ﻭﻤﺴـﺘﻜﺭﻫﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺍﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻘﺎﻉ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﻬﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻋﺩل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺯل؛‬

‫ﻭﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ –ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺒﺩﻭ‪ -‬ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﺼﻴﺩﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻠﺘﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺴـﺒﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘـﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬

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‫ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ – ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺒﺎﻷﻓﻼﺝ‬

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