Unit 8 key

I

New tenses

[LC + GRA]

Listen to the song Next To Me by Emeli Sandé and try to fill in the missing verb forms.

You won’t find him drinking at the tables (full form = will not find) Rolling dice and staying out till three You won’t ever find him being unfaithful You will find him, you will find him next to me (short form = you’ll find) You won’t find him trying to chase the devil For money, fame, for power, out of grief You won’t ever find him where the rest go You will find him, you will find him next to me Next to me, oh (x3) You will find him, you will find him next to me

Have a closer look at the verb forms you had to fill in and answer the following questions: 1

What is the name of the new tense? Future simple

2

How is this new tense formed? Will + infinitive

3

How do you form negative sentences and questions with this new tense?

Will not/won’t + infinitive

Will + subjective + infinitive ?

4

I will not/won’t work Will I work ?

When do we use this new tense?

To make predictions about the future + to inform somebody about what will happen in

the future. There is no stress on duration.

1

Listen to the song Next Year Baby by Jamie Cullum and try to fill in the missing verb forms.

Next year, things are going to change, I’m going to drink less beer and start all over again (full form = I am going to) I’m going to read more books I’m going to keep up with the news I’m going to learn how to cook and spend less money on shoes I’m going to pay my bills on time, file my mail away, every day Only drink the finest wine and call my Gran every Sunday Resolutions, well baby they come and go Will I do any of these things? The answer is probably no But if there's one thing, I must do, despite my greatest fears I’m going to say to you How I've felt all of these years

Have a closer look at the verb forms you had to fill in and answer the following questions: 1

What is the name of the new tense? Going to-future

2

How is this new tense formed? To be + going to + infinitive

3

How do you form negative sentences and questions with this new tense?

To be + not + going to + infinitive

To be + subject + going to + infinitive ?

4

I’m not going to work Am I going to work ?

When do we use this new tense?

To talk about plans or intentions + to express your opinion about the future.

Note: when speaking and writing about the future, you can choose between the future simple and the going to-future. Both can be used in different contexts.

And remember: “gonna” is only used in informal speech! When speaking and writing at school or in a formal context, use “going to”.

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EXERCISES: Future tenses

1 Complete the short dialogues with the future simple tense.

Oh dear. The door is locked and I’ve left my key inside.

Don’t worry. I will open (to open) the door for you.

I’m about to fall asleep.

I will get (to get) you a cup of coffee, that will wake (to wake) you up.

I can’t hear the television.

I will turn (to turn) it up so you can hear it.

I’ve got a problem with the translation of this sentence here. Can you help me ?

I wouldn’t know how to translate it either. Wait a minute. I will go (to go) and fetch a dictionary for you.

It is so hot in here!

I will turn (to turn) the air-conditioning on.

What are your plans for the future ?

When I grow up, I will be (to be) famous!

Will you help (you/to help) me lift that heavy table?

Sure, no problem!

We still have a lot of work for tomorrow’s picnic!

I will make (to make) the sandwiches, but I won’t do (not/to do) all the work alone!

2

Have a good look at the pictures on the next page. What do you think is going to happen? Form sentences using the going to-future. Make the sentences negative as well and form questions.

3

He is going to slip.

He isn’t going to slip.

Is he going to slip?

She is going to give a speech.

She isn’t going to give a speech.

Is she going to give a speech?

It’s going to rain.

It isn’t going to rain.

Is it going to rain?

They are going to get married.

They aren’t going to get married.

Are they going to get married?

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II

The future: certainty and uncertainty

[GRA + WA]

Think of this summer. Tell me something you are definitely going to do and something you might do.

§

I will go on a holiday

= certain

= uncertain

§

I may/might go to the beach

CERTAINTY affirmative (+)

negative (-)

will, am going to, I’ll, will certainly, will surely

am not going to, won’t

UNCERTAINTY affirmative (+)

negative (-)

might, may, perhaps I’ll, could, I think I’ll, will probably, maybe I’ll

may not, won’t probably, might never

Place the words below in the correct box.

will – might never – may – am going to – perhaps I'll – could – will certainly – may not – I think I'll – am not going to – will surely – won't – will probably – maybe I'll – won't probably – might

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Look at the pictures and write a sentence using the appropriate words of certainty and uncertainty in the future.

CERTAINTY 1

(+) In the future we will live in spaceships.

2

(+) In the future we will surely have robots.

3

(+) In the future we are going to live in a digital world.

CERTAINTY

1

(-) In the future we won’t live on planet Earth.

2

(-) In the future we aren’t going to be friends with robots.

3

(-) In the future we won’t live in regular houses anymore.

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UNCERTAINTY 1

(+) In the future we might use tablets in class.

2

(+) In the future King Filip could be President of the USA.

3

(+) In the future we may live on the Moon.

UNCERTAINTY 1

(-) In the future we won’t probably use books in class.

2

(-) In the future we may not have a King anymore.

3

(-) In the future we might not live on planet Earth anymore.

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III

The next 20 years…

[WA]

Write about the future.

OPTION A: You are clairvoyant1. What is going to happen in the life of one of your classmates in the next 20 years? Pick someone and make a few predictions!

OPTION B: You are a fortune cookie writer. Write a prediction about one of your classmates’ future on a small piece of paper and smuggle it into his/her backpack today. If you have a cookie, and you want to share: do so.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

1

a person who is believed to have the power to be able to see future events or to communicate with people who are dead or far away

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IV

The future of can and must

[GRA +WA]

Refresh your memory:

modal auxiliary verbs express: obligation, prohibition, advice, permission, no-obligation, ability, no-ability examples: have to, can’t, can, should, don’t have to, …

Put the verbs in bold in the future tense and translate them to Dutch. Choose from the list below:

will be able to – won’t be able to – will have to – won’t be allowed to – will be allowed to – won’t need to – won’t have to

present

future

expressing (no-) ability/advice

can/can’t should/shouldn’t had better (not)

will be able to (zal kunnen) won’t be able to (zal niet kunnen)

expressing permission

is/are allowed can may

will be allowed to (zal mogen)

expressing obligation

imperative, e.g. Stop! must should I want you to to have to to need to

expressing prohibition

imperative, e.g. Don’t do that! mustn't can’t are/is not allowed are/is prohibited may not are/is forbidden shouldn’t

won’t be allowed to (zal niet mogen)

expressing no-obligation

needn't don’t have to don’t need to

won’t need to/won’t have to (zal niet hoeven)

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will have to (zal moeten)

A

Fill in the missing modal verb (future tense). Make the sentences negative or affirmative according to the context.

1

In the future people will have to (obligation) work only two or three days a week.

2

We won’t be able to (no-ability) breathe fresh air anymore.

3

Public transport will be the rule. The use of private cars won’t be allowed (prohibition) any longer.

4

People will have to (obligation) ask the government permission to have a second child.

5

We won’t have to (no-obligation) work in the kitchen anymore. Robots will do the job.

6

Children won’t have to (no-obligation) go to school anymore. They will be able to (ability) study at home on computers.

7

More and more people won’t be able to (no-ability) stand the stress of modern life any longer. A higher suicide rate will be the result.

8

Only intelligent people will be allowed to (permission) have children.

9

Doctors will be able to (ability) cure most diseases.

10 Everybody will have to (obligation) study all their lives.

Have a look at the underlined words. Do you (immediately) know what they mean? Make sure that you do on a test/on the exam! You shouldn’t be able to use them, but you should be able to understand them.

B

Complete the conversations below with suitable modal verbs. Use the future tense!

passenger

When is the next flight to Mars?

ticket clerk

Oh, the XY-15 left only 10 minutes ago. You … (1) wait until 7 o’clock tomorrow morning.

(1) will have to

passenger

I want to visit my uncle on Jupiter next week. Is there a direct flight?

ticket clerk

No, there isn’t. You … (2) change rockets on the moon and on Mars.

(2) will have to

astronaut

I … (3) come to your party next month. I’ll be on a mission to the Andromeda Galaxy.

(3) won’t be able to

host

What a pity! You … (4) taste my new Nebula cocktail then.

(4) won’t be able to

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son

Dad, can I use the car, please? I want to go to a party tonight.

father

Sorry, son. I’m afraid you … (5) stay at home. The car has run out of water and all the water stations are closed.

(5) will have to

customer

Can I have my computer tonight? I need it badly.

electrician

I’m sorry, sir, but we … (6) repair your computer so fast. The new chips from Saturn have not arrived yet.

(6) won’t be able to

official 1

I’m afraid people … (7) go and live on the moon after they retire anymore.

(7) won’t be allowed to

official 2

Why not?

official 1

Because it is already getting overpopulated.

wife

Darling, I think we … (8) buy a help for our house robot.

(8) will have to

husband

Why is that?

wife

Because he is getting too old. He says he … (9) do all the kitchen work alone anymore.

(9) won’t be able to

son

Dad, can I have the rocket next Saturday?

father

No, son. You must have your driving licence first. Then, you …

(10) fly to any planet you like, whenever you want.

(10) will be allowed to

Have a look at the marked words. Why are they marked? What is special about them? (orally)

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C

Look at the two examples. Then, make your own predictions for the future using the future of can and must. First draw the scenario, then write down your prediction!

By the year 3000, you won’t need

In the future, if you want to go to

another continent, you will be able to fly there.

to carry a backpack anymore. It will carry you.

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OBJECTIVES AND ASSESSMENTS Use this section to auto-evaluate whether you have acquired the knowledge and skills in Unit 8.

Make a list of skills and knowledge you should have learned to help prepare you for the test/exam.

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