ACMRHE 2013 by IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

We are the world’s leading scientific, multidisciplinary and professional research organization.

mission We commit ourselves to: • Implement an ISO certified Quality Management System for higher customer satisfaction of global clients; • Establish an effective evaluation system for journal publications of the member institutions; • Organize international research conferences for global dissemination and utilization of new scientific knowledge;

2011-2013 officers

vision & mission

vision

President DR. GENARO V. JAPOS Liceo de Cagayan University Philippines

Vice-President for Asia PROF. DR. TATIK SURYANI STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Vice-President for Middle East North Africa DR. LIZA M. GERNAL United Arab Emirates

Secretary Dr. Terfa Kahaga Anjov Benue State University Makordi, Nigeria

Treasurer Ramesan Madahvi Azadboni University of Mazandaran Islamic Republic of Iran

Auditor Dr. Vipan Kumar National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi, India

• Recognize researchers and institutions for their achievements in research and publications; and, • Publish discipline-specific and multidisciplinary research journals for the world.

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

PIO Dr. TANZILA NABEEL Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan

02 IAMURE Book of Abstracts 03 IAMURE International Journals 04 Messages 25 Conference Programme 27 ACMRHE 2013 Awards 37 Board of Judges 39 Keynote Speeches 42 Plenary Sessions

contents

44 Concurrent Sessions Day 1 62 Concurrent Sessions Day 2 81 Concurrent Sessions Day 3 94 IAMURE Personnel 96 IAMURE Member Institutions 99 Philippine Clients of IAMURE

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

IAMURE book of abstracts

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

IAMURE INternational journals

Theme: Inventions and Researches that Define Our Global Sustainability!

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On behalf of the 33 institutional members of IAMURE and the more than one thousand individual members, I welcome our celebrity world researchers to the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education 2013 at the Marriott Hotel Pasay, Philippines, our finest conference venue in this country. This is the last conference for the year. We had staged for this year five conferences in Indonesia, South Korea, Australia, and the Philippines. We intend to widen our reach to other continents for 2014! We have three keynote speakers, Dr. Isagani Cruz of Manila Times College, Dr. Renan Limjuco of the University of the Immaculate Concepcion and Dr. Wen Jia-Rong of Taiwan to expound on the theme “ Inventions and Researches that Define Our Future Sustainability”.We hope to disseminate global new knowledge in the various disciplines and publish the accepted papers in our 12 international journals. To date, we have contributed to Crossref, ORCID, Thomson Reuters, Google Scholar, Philippine Electronic Journals and other databases more than 600 articles with Digital Object Identifiers. By volume and quality, IAMURE is the most productive research organization based in the Philippines and the strongest independent nonuniversity based scholarly publisher. We have recognized world researchers and research leaders from over 20 countries. We have presented and published scientific articles from over 30 countries. Our twelve journals have been read in all continents. In the Philippines alone, our journal articles account for 20 percent of the articles published in the Philippine Electronic Journals collection. IAMURE has reinvented conferences, publications and trainings through our unique designs and protocols. We treat every researcher as a world celebrity to emphasize the value and significant contributions of researchers to the development and sustainability of our planet. The numerous natural and man-made calamities that devastated several vulnerable states in the world present new challenges and opportunities for new research and inventions. How can we use scientific knowledge to protect our people from the onslaught of calamities? We will find many answers during the plenary and concurrent sessions in this conference. In particular, I wish to recognize the herculean efforts of the people of IAMURE, Mr. JonyBerjes our global EVP; Mr. Michael Myko Chaves, our Conference Specialist; Ms. Kaye AbaoAunzo, our Executive Editor; Ms. Lalaine Plaza, our Office Manager, Mr. Lawrence Babanto, our Web Administrator, Mr. Dzan Miñoza, our Finance and Membership Staff, Dr. Ismael Talili, our Journal Editor, and Mr. Edwin de los Santos, our Internal Quality Auditor. This is the team that serves your needs. I wish to thank the AJA Registrars headed by Mr. Paul Bagatsing, our ISO certifying body for the perspicacity of the surveillance audits that keep us sustain our QMS. I wish to thank the judges of the World Research Awards and join me in congratulating our winners. Most importantly, i commend and thank the researchers and their universities for the support to this conference. Worthy of special mention is Dr. Djuwari for exceptional leadership in bringing in participants from Indonesia and the effectiveness of the executive leadership of Dr. Tatik Suryani of STIE Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia. My commendation goes to Dr. Renan Limjuco, Research Director of the University of the Immaculate Conception in Davao City for leading the largest delegation with more than 20 participants. Indeed, UIC rules! The Resorts World Manila is in this conference complex. Explore the magic, color and grandeur of Manila. Experience the warm hospitality and resilience of the Filipino people. Mabuhay tayong lahat!

GENARO V. JAPOS President, IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

would like to extend my heartiest congratulations to IAMURE for convening this year’s most respected academicians, researchers, inventors, and scientists from all over the world in the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013). I have known IAMURE since its humble beginnings in 2011 and I am proud to be a part of its excellence-oriented team, led by Dr. Genaro V. Japos. As a researcher myself, I have always been a firm believer in research as the dynamic power for mankind’s adaptation and survival in all aspects of life, whether physical, psychological, social, economical, political, environmental, and spiritual. Hence, the theme for this conference, “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability” is most appropriate and timely. Sustainability is simply described by dictionaries as the ability to last or continue for a long time without being completely used up or destroyed. Without research, I doubt if mankind will be sustainable, particularly in this day and age with a never-ending onslaught of natural and man-made disasters, development-related issues, and other significant difficulties.

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Thus, this conference is a good platform to share new discoveries, solutions to real-life problems or situations, and even best practices or methodologies which can be replicated. With research, whether simple or complex, we always gain evidences to support our arguments, our policies, and ultimately, our decisions and actions. On this note, I sincerely wish that IAMURE, as an organization, will continue to strive to move higher towards international recognition of its researchers, journal publications and academic institutions around the globe. I also wish the conference participants to have a fruitful learning and sharing of knowledge, experiences and expertise, as well as in building linkages and partnerships throughout the event. Finally, I challenge everyone to continue to do research because this is a proven route towards a sustainable and thriving society.

DR. DONNA LOU EVASCO NERI Editor-in-chief, IAMURE International Journal of Health Education Asst. Professor - School of Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

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y sincere CONGRATULATIONS to PAIR for hosting again Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) with the theme “INVENTIONS AND RESEARCH THAT DEFINE OUR GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY”. An unending commitment of PAIR and IAMURE in gathering valuable information, inventions and technologies developed through research. Indeed, this conference once again is a showcase of innovation, creativity and talents of researchers across the globe. As one of the members of the Editorial Board of Mathematics, Engineering and Technology Journal of the International Association of Multi- disciplinary Research (IAMURE), I am sincerely thankful to all the researchers and other participants joining this conference to share and to gain new ideas from research outputs. But most importantly, making research findings a scholarly publication in accordance with global standards. However, what challenges the researchers now is how to make a multi-disciplinary, sustainable and excellent research outputs. Besides, one should not forget that staying in the limelight means developing market-driven technologies or technopreneurial ventures that improve productivity, economically viable, globally competitive and most importantly creating jobs among the locals. On the other hand, there is no stopping the global development in this emerging world. This is the very reason why the Philippine government recognizes the complementary roles of the public and private higher educational institutions as stipulated in the National Higher Education Research Agenda 2 a.k.a. NHERA for 2009- 2018. Equally, inventors and scientists have a great role in responding to the challenges and opportunities not just in local community but into the global village in a way that is dynamic, creative and transformative. The role of inventions, innovation and development outputs created through research in a developing economy like the Philippines cannot be overly emphasized. New technologies are critically needed to provide solutions to wide-ranging development concerns and likewise tools to enhance the competitiveness of industry. May the participants be inspired to continuously discover new things, creating new ideas, and come up with excellent solutions that the Philippine government is aiming for the betterment of the people and for countryside development. On behalf of my institution, the University of Northern Philippines, I would like to welcome all participants and guests. A salute to all the researchers, for the continued courage and quest in searching new and creative ideas and unselfishly bringing and sharing valuable information into the mainstream. I wish you all the luck and success in the Asian Conference on Multi-disciplinary Research in Higher Education. Once again, thank you for your participation and more power to one of you. God speed.

MANUEL A. BAJET, JR., Ed.D. Coordinator, Industry and Energy Research University of Northern Philippines Heritage of Vigan City, Ilocos Sur, Philippines Member Editorial Board Mathematics, Engineering and Technology Journal International Association of Multidisciplinary Research

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

y warmest greetings to the IAMURE as you hold the 2013 Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE) on November 26-28, 2013 at the Manila Marriot Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines.

The IAMURE is an exemplar of international collaboration, excellence and quality researches and publications. Over the course of history, the association continued to provide discoveries in research to cope up the demands of time. The theme, “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability” is very relevant and inspiring since it calls for the role of world’s researchers and inventors to unceasingly provide timely knowledge. Researches and inventions need to be utilized to enhance our present system which in turn improves our ways of life.The process of researching, developing and implementing new technologies require cooperation of various countries to meet the immediate needs of their population. Current designs and technologies may be retooled to incorporate sustainable ways. Our nation reclaims its distinction in the global arena that is why it provides support in all ways, so that we could extend our share towards global sustainability in terms of researches and inventions. We just need to motivate and inspire our Filipino men and women to pursue this endeavor and advancement coupled with integrity and accountability.

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As one of the higher education institutions in the Philippines, ASSCAT also define its capacity to contribute to the very essential work of research. As our mandate, we strive to generate knowledge that is apt and scientific to address the current needs of the users. Moreso, we ensure that research publications are credible that could be a source of scientific literature. Thus, we join IAMURE in this quest of global sustainability by way of building up research capacity and productivity. May this gathering mark the continuity and redound to the benefit of future generations. I wish you a joyous and meaningful conference here in our very own Philippines! My sincere appreciation and Congratulations!

JUARLITO V. GARCINES, Ph.D. SUC President II Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture & Technology Bunawan, Agusan del Sur, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

would like to express, on behalf of Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute, Diriyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, our warm greetings and congratulations to IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research led by Dr. Genaro V. Japos, its versatile President, for holding the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) on November 26-28, 2013 at the Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines. Man’s attempt to keep abreast with change has brought about a countless number of educational, political, sociological, technological, and scientific reforms. If real progress is to occur, basic fundamental practices and innovations in research must undergo a radical transformation; the world should have more globally competitive, passionate, committed and enthusiastic researchers.

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Today, as we face new forms of challenges presented by the new global economy as an outcome of global economic expansion, let us all continue instilling the proper values and attitude in the world of research, whose main purpose is to educate and serve people from all walks of life. But the question maybe is what role each of us shall have to play or what we can contribute as individual researchers in realizing what our theme speaks about: “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability.” My fellow researchers, we must stand firm in our commitment as well as do our best to uphold the highest professional standard in conducting research.We must all continue to innovate and improve the ways we approach research because our society depends entirely on the quality of our outputs. As the newly appointed editor-in-chief of IAMURE International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, associate editor of IAMURE International Journal of Business and Management, and as an International Peer Reviewer, I pray that our Almighty God shall provide us as with more globally competitive researchers, and all of this shall only be realized if we continuously ask for guidance and wisdom from our Heavenly Father who graciously provides. Mabuhay IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research!

DR. ROEL PALO ANICAS Academic Coordinator OIC-Head, Customer Service Department Internal Verifier - City & Guilds (UK International Qualifications) Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute Diriyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Dear distinguished guests and participants

elcome to the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013), held in Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines November 26-28, 2013. It is our great chance to have this intellectual gathering with the conference theme of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability.â&#x20AC;? We have to share our experiences and exchange our ideas to get the final gist of the whole discussion. I believe that this multidisciplinary research association, named IAMURE (International Association for Multidisciplinary Research) can provide us with the best results of various ideas blended into one but resulted in different perspectives for our own country benefits. Even though we are blended in different disciplines, the discussion can be inferred and filtered in the forms of the cutting-edge research products. These nested perspectives can be perceived as our ways of thinking for viewing the problems related to our conditions and situations. We come from different countries and universities or colleges. I believe that by getting involved in IAMURE academic activities, we can get some benefits. As depicted in the conference theme, we, as the researchers, must always keep ourselves updated and, therefore, keep abreast of the recent development related to our own discipline of science. All the updated information and science development can be derived from making ourselves blended in the intellectual activities like this ACMRHE held in Manila, Philippines here. I believe that this will make us always get in touch with the science and technology that is the invention done through research activities. IAMURE in this case is like a beautiful palace built in a paradise island. This building is equipped with the gate of the beautiful knowledge, in which, all the habitats are the idealistic intellectuals who are always hungry for getting beautiful flowers blooming in the garden surrounding the palace. And, these flowers are our different experiences and ideas that we have to share and exchange. We can also cooperate or do collaboration one another by having an MoU among us with the same vision and mission related to our own universities or colleges. Of course, this is the other side of being blended in this intellectual community. It must be more than this. I believe that sharing ideas in this event will create another new academic activity. Besides that, we still have a journal publication, which is the place for publishing the results of our research activities. Through journal publication, the participants can also be well-known for their articles can be disseminated and therefore read by the world public. This is the place for intellectuals to make them well-known worldwide. In the long run, all the intellectuals blended in IAMURE will be automatically dragged into being globally sustainable with their state-of-the art research methodologies. That is part of the conference theme, the research that defines our global sustainability. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all the committee members and all the participants who have made this event successful. As a member of IAMURE and a participant in this conference, I also believe that without our participation and great support to this intellectual gathering, this conference will be impossible to be conducted. I would also like to express my high appreciation to Dr. Genaro V. Japos, the President of IAMURE, who has been the grandmaster of the birth of IAMURE. He has crafted the intellectualsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ideas and made all these ideas framed into the beautiful palace built on the garden with the flowers blooming forever around the continents throughout the globe: inventions and research that defines the global sustainability.

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Dr. Djuwari Chair of IAAJ for Asian region A member of IAMURE STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

t gives me immense pleasure to know that IAMURE is organizing the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) which will be held at Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines on November 26-28, 2013. The conference theme is ‘Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability’.

I am grateful and remain indebted to Dr. Genaro V. Japos, President, IAMURE and Mr. Michael C. Chaves, Research Conference Specialist, IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research for providing me this unique opportunity to be part of this event. I congratulate them for organizing series of conferences on variety of relevant topics across the globe on regular intervals. I am witnessed of their dedicated, hardworking, sincere and committed team.

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The critical importance of innovation for economic and social development is becoming universally recognized. Knowledge in all of its forms is one of the most important factors for individual fulfillment and success in society. Education and research play a decisive role in the creation, dissemination and use of knowledge.They form an important foundation for innovation at all levels, which in turn drives the economic, social and cultural development of a country. I express my sincere gratitude and profound thanks to the researcher participants and esteemed speakers in this conference from bottom of my heart to be a part of this extremely important and wonderful event. I wish that the participants of the conference will have fruitful deliberations on the various selected themes and this conference will provide them platform to express their ideas, exchange their views and interact with the researchers’ fraternity across the globe and policy makers to get the solutions of global sustainability through research and innovations. I wish the conference a grand success. Sincerely

Gaurang Rami Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India Visiting Professor, Cebu Normal University (CNU), Cebu City, Philippines Editor in Chief, IAMURE International Journal of Education

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Dear Colleagues, Greetings of peace!

t is my honor and great pleasure to welcome you to the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013). The conference theme is â&#x20AC;&#x153;Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability.â&#x20AC;? This conference aims to provide you a forum for doing presentation on the new discovers and challenging issues, knowledge dissemination and information sharing among professional and researchers from oversea. The scientific program covers all aspects of multidisciplinary environmental studies, natural sciences, social sciences, higher education, ecology and biodiversity conservation and related field.The set of excellent abstracts were selected through the process of peerreview for presentations, which will hopefully provoke challenging scientific discussions. I hope that oral presentations as well as poster sessions will strengthen your collaborations with researchers abroad, and will get cross- pollinated, generate new ideas. Some of your papers will be considered and selected to be published in IAMURE journal, Thomson Reuters (ISI) after they pass the international reviewers.

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I wish you a fruitful, exciting conference and enjoy friendly gathering in the City of Science, WOW the Philippines!

Puvadol Doydee, Ph.D. Editorial Board, IAMURE

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

ongratulations to IAMURE for continuously leading the advancement of research in the country and across the globe!

The hosting of ASIAN CONFERENCE ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION (ACMRHE 2013) is a timely response for ASEAN 2015 which aims to integrate the whole Southeast Asia region into the ‘ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)’, with free movement of goods, services, investment, labor, and capitals. As part of the higher education community, we play a crucial role in supporting the continued economic integration of ASEAN in creating a systematic mechanism to support the integration of universities across Southeast Asia. Strengthening the quality and utilization of researches is basic to the realization of ASEAN 2015. Hence, IAMURE is recognized for its effort in addressing gaps in research quality and utilization.

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Marcelo T. Lopez, RN, Ed.D., DPA SUC President III Cebu Normal University

Dear Conferees

Greetings from Makurdi! he world indeed is a global village through scientific and technological advancements. One way of reaching out to the whole world in recent times is through the organization of Conferences.

The Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE) which is organized by IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research has its formidable theme: “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability”. The challenges humanity faces today is not so much about inventions, rather it is about the best way to sustain what has been achieved over the years. IAMURE provides inventors, scientists, academicians, researchers throughout the world with the opportunity to gather together for the purpose of sharing and exchanging best practices and knowledge. As an Associate Editor of IAMURE International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research since 2011 I am optimistic that new knowledge based on rigorous research findings would be shared by participants at this Conference. Best wishes in your experience sharing.

Terfa Kahaga Anjov, Ph.D Benue State University, Makordi, Nigeria Associate Editor, IAMURE

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

REATING A POSITIVE AND LASTING IMPACT ON SUSTAINABILITY can take many forms - from reappraising economic sectors or work practices, or using science to develop new technologies, to developing research-informed public policies and making adjustments in individual lifestyles that conserve natural resources. The development of new pathways for global sustainability requires a new way of doing research, expanding and improving our knowledge of transformations in societies and biophysical processes, and how they interact across scales. It is necessary to support the creation of that knowledge through multidimensional and interdisciplinary research. Regional perspectives and multiple socio-cultural approaches are essential tools to understand the complexity and diversity of our societies. Also, unifying the different efforts through new broad partnership will provide the step-change needed in international research coordination to face the challenges posed by global environmental change. The enthusiasm and engagement of the whole community will be essential to the success of this endeavor. Technology is the knowledge of how to fulfill certain human purposes in a specifiable and reproducible way; while innovation encompasses not only the processes by which new technologies are invented, but also the processes by which a pool of inventions gets narrowed down for further development, produced, initially adopted, transitioned into sustained use, and then becomes either adapted so that they are better-suited to end-user needs or retired in favor of another technology. In general, for systems of innovation to support sustainable development, they must do more than promote invention. Technologies and their benefits must be also accessible and well-adapted, particularly for use by the poorest or most vulnerable, and they must ultimately be integrated into local contexts that will vary economically, politically and culturally. Institutions at the global, national and local levels all play a role in shaping the extent to which technological innovation actually delivers improvements in well-being. In the past, innovation has been fostered through public and private mechanisms (such as patent laws, public research grants, subsidies for end-users, and research networks), primarily operating at the national level in a handful of industrialized countries and a few international organizations. Such efforts have had widely varying levels of success in terms of meeting global sustainability needs, but have proven inadequate overall for the purpose of advancing sustainable development. Addressing these problems requires effective institutional arrangements at local, national and global levels. While the past decade has seen a number of new system interventions piloted in a wide range of sectors, they are generally poorly described, little known beyond their respective sectors and therefore not contributing as much as they might to understanding or strengthening the global innovation system for sustainable development. Knowledge of what is most likely to work is either insufficient, or fragmented across different sectors, such that the global innovation system continues to underperform relative to its potential or the scope of sustainability needs. This conference will surely be an inspiration for academicians, researchers, inventors, and scientists from all over the world to commit themselves to preserve and improve the quality of life of mankind and not destroy the environment which sustains the lives within. I deeply appreciate the herculean efforts of IAMURE for holding this event.

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Warmest congratulations and success!

JOSÉ GERARDO MARTÍNEZ MARTÍNEZ, DBA Professor, College of Business Administration University of Puerto Rico – Mayagüez Campus, Puerto Rico Editorial Board Member, IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

AMURE will hold the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) on November 26-28, 2013 under the theme: “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability”. It is reputed to be this year’s most prestigious gathering of academicians, researchers, inventors, and scientists from all over the world.

The unbridled industrialization of the world’s wealthiest nations that forced the developing countries to allow wanton utilization of their natural resources has created a planet Earth that is depleted of its endowments and threatened by climate imbalances.The negative externalities have caused weather disturbances, endangered ecosystems and wholesale extinctions of vulnerable ecological species.

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To avoid a possible collapse of the planet, since 1990s concerned scientists and advocates have called for climate change adaptation and sustainability programs to arrest the negative trends. Likewise, professionals have realized the need to adopt sustainable strategies in all fields of human development. It is therefore a welcome gesture of the International Association for Multidisciplinary to sponsor this upcoming event in Manila where it is expected that researchers on relevant fields vital to sustainability will be presented and discussed upon which conclusions and recommendations may be culled by the organizers and hopefully be forwarded to proper authorities for national, regional and international policy making. This is what scientific research in sustainability is all about: to come up with designs for a more sustainable world. I, therefore, wish the organizers, supporters and participants to the ACMRHE 2013 all the best! Enjoy your stay in Manila; it’s more fun in the Philippines! Sincerely,

Pedro B. Bernaldez Dongguk University in Gyeongju, South Korea

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Dearest Colleagues,

t this moment of tragedy which has befallen our beloved country of the Philippines, our gathering at the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013), brings together many heavy hearts and a desire to help those we see around us suffering the immeasurable laments of a natural disaster.

Although this may seem a moment in time where your skills as academics are of only modest benefit to those who have suffered such recent losses, and whose dire circumstances may seem to sour the elation we all feel at the opportunity to engage our colleagues in a discussion on the erudite subject of sustainability, let me implore you to apply your skills at this opportune time in history to take action. It can be heart-wrenching to view the calamitous destruction of a storm that wipes out entire cities, and lays waste to once pristine enviroments. However, often tragedy and destruction has been viewed as an opportunity. Throughout history, natural disasters and the subsequent relief efforts to rebuild have presented local communities with the opportunity to implement new technologies to improve sustainable growth intiatives that otherwise would have never been undertake. Large scale disasters can impel long term growth projects in sustainable infrastructure development that can produce significant improvements for decades, and enrich the lives of millions.

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An excellent example of tunning a natural disaster into an opportunity in order to advance sustainable growth comes from my own country of the United States. The city of Greenburg Kansas was completely destroyed by a devastating F5 tornado in 2007. Its citizens made the courageous decision to rebuild the entire town as an “eco-city”, with all public buildings conforming to LEED Platinum standards, and promoting itself to new businesses as an incubator for sustainability to create new job growth.Although Greenburg lost many lives and suffered immense property damage as a result of the catastrophic tornado, it now thrives as the world’s first “eco-city”, and many serve as an example to other towns who have suffered a similar fate; disaster must serve as an opportunity. Colleagues, you have been presented with a unique opportunity at ACMRHE 2013. Please take some time during this conference to reflect on the ways in which collaboration with your colleagues on issues of sustainability can be applied to the lives and communities of the Philippines. Work together to ensure that from this awful tragedy springs hope and opportunity. Best wishes,

Wesley Kendall, JD, Ph.D Assistant Professor of Law Parkersburg West Virginia University, USA

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

very warm welcome to all participants of the 2013 Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)! I am so pleased and appreciative of the dynamism and proactive outlook of the organizers in seeing through the continuity of this significant Asian gathering of academics. This is particularly interesting and relevant especially in the light of the soon coming ASEANIntegration in 2015 and the ever advancing digital age that revolutionizes teaching, learning and research in higher education institutions in Asia and the world. The research papers in this Book of Abstracts are coming from students, researchers and professors alike, reflecting true dynamism, dedication and commitment across disciplines and socio-cultural settings that indeed can prod beginners to do meaningful work. With continuous refinement based on constructive and inspiring comments and suggestions from colleagues and peers during presentation, these papers can be future inventions and researches that will define our global sustainability, realizing the theme of the conference.

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Let this Book of Abstracts be an instrument that will lead you to meeting your future research collaborators, teachers, advisers or mentors. An instrument that will help you shape your future research career, that would certainly make a difference not only for you, but for the rest of the humanity as well. I am wishing everyone a fruitful discussion and exchange of new information in all sessions, a productive conference and sustained conversation that will make a difference for everyone, especially the depressed and the marginalized.

INOCENCIO E. BUOT JR. Dean and Professor Member, Editorial Board, IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

R Greetings!

esearch plays a vital role in any development endeavor of every organization. Continued quest and discovery of new knowledge will bring about progress and development.

With the theme “Invention and Research that Define our Global Sustainability” is appropriate this time. The world is facing new challenges. With the recent disaster affecting the country, research and inventions can usher the way on how to use the earth’s resources efficiently to cope with the changing time. It is hoped that this conference will benefit every participant as each significant finding presented can generate new ideas and try to eliminate barriers to sustainability. God Bless!

ROEL A. ALLI, Ph.D. Editorial Board Member

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n behalf of Artha Wacana Christian University, I am deeply honored to welcome the guest and delegates of Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education which will be held at Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines on November 26-28, 2013.

My warmest greetings and congratulations to IAMURE-PAIR for holding this conference with the theme: “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability”. I believe that this conference will provide a forum for all of us mainly as researchers across the world to share and discuss our findings and discoveries to give high impact multidisciplinary, as well as nourish and strengthen research collaboration and develop quality publication. Have a fruitful and wonderful experience at ACMRHE 2013. God Bless Us!

Wilson L.Tisera, Ph.D Universitas Kristen Artha Wacana, Indonesia (Artha Wacana Christian University)

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

irst of all, I would like to congratulate the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) for holding Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE) on November 2628, 2013 at Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, to celebrate, and recognize the outstanding achievements of distinguished researchers and excellent scholars from around the world, whose academic and scientific achievements contribute to the welfare of humanity. This Conference provides an excellent opportunity for the industry professionals, academicians, local and international scientists and inventors to showcase innovations, inventions and discoveries that have significant contribution to the global knowledge.

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It gives me great pleasure to warmly welcome all the participants and guests to ACMRHE 2013, and hope for the best in this Asian Conference. The Conference theme - “Inventions and Research that Define our Global Sustainability” is indeed timely and relevant. It highlights the significance of research in knowledge and technology generation towards global sustainability. It underscores the best practices in research for a sustainable future across disciplines. The convergence of brilliant minds would surely boost our research capacity towards a global sustainability. This Conference also provides a networking platform to make new international contacts and forge research collaboration. It offers opportunities for exploring new research directions that allow for multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, crossdisciplinary or transdisciplinary collaboration towards comprehensively addressing global sustainability issues. As a member of IAMURE and an editor of its academic journals, I have to say “Congratulations” to all the members, and especially the participants of this prestigious intellectual gathering, the ACMRHE 2013. I would like to congratulate the Conference Organizing Committee. My sincere commendation goes to all who have exerted their efforts to organize and ensure the success of this conference. Their unwavering commitment in pursuing this challenging task is worth the appreciation. Lastly, let me extend my congratulations and to the highly-esteemed president of IAMURE, Dr. Genaro V. Japos, the man behind this enormous organization of researchers and research institutions for his sterling leadership. May this Conference be an avenue for new friendships and more collaborations among the participants, organizers and guests. I wish you all the best for this ACMRHE 2013.

EDWIN R.TADIOSA, Ph.D. National Museum of Natural History-Philippines Editor-in-Chief IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Warm greetings to IAMURE and the participants in the 2013 Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013).

he IAMURE has returned to its home base, the Philippines, for the last conference of the year, which has received applications and submissions from researchers from seven countries. It is exciting and encouraging to see the network of IAMURE expanding to promote latest research in Asia and beyond.

The theme of the conference—Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability—is both thought-provoking and enlightening. Global sustainability can only be achieved when people of the society possess the knowledge and the ability to create, manage, adapt and reform. Here, education plays a quiet, yet significant role in motivating and empowering people to search for ways to change and improve for a sustainable world. Global organisations such as UNESCO and WHO have devoted efforts to educate societies through a variety of programmes addressing issues such as climate change, poverty literacy, healthcare, etc., with an aim to help more people acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, values and attitudes in shaping a sustainable future. Educational researches can be conducted to promote new pedagogies, facilitate better educational planning, as well as to inform policy-makers and educators on crucial education issues. In this way, a virtuous cycle can be created to maintain and improve the quality of education, especially in nurturing one’s intellectual growth and raising public awareness of global sustainability.

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Congratulations to the IAMURE team for their persistent commitment to offer great opportunities for professional researchers to gather and share their fruits of success. It is hoped that this conference can spark lively discussion, and bring more innovation and creativity to the research field. I would also like to send my prayers to the victims and the survivors of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. Stay strong and God bless.

Prof. Barley S.Y. Mak Associate Head and Dean of Students, United College Director, Centre for Enhancing English Learning and Teaching (CEELT) Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum and Instruction Faculty of Education The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

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t is my pleasure to welcome participants to this year’s most prestigious gathering of academicians, researchers, inventors, and scientists from all over the world; the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) holding at Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines on November 26-28, 2013. I must congratulate IAMURE for the outstanding stride, unique and unparallel role in organizing different research-based conferences across the globe. I must equally commend IAMURE for the choice of the ACMRHE 2013 theme: -“Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability”. One could actually say that there are two aspects to the topic under discussion. That is; Invention and Research, as well as Global Sustainability. The theme is very apt and shows that researchers are conscious of the need for a redefined relationship between industries and research based institutions as a way of reposition our world for global sustainability, Universities over time have been perceived as custodians of innovation and inventions through teaching, research and service. It is worthy of note that the arrival of universities in global development repositioned societies where such happened. The key words in all global discourses now are: growth and development, Invention, Innovation, Change, and sustainable development. Al these explain ‘change’ occasioned by transformations and transformation cannot be achieved without researchable invention. That is why both higher education and industries Invention are linked to development because they are moments where the learning of new ideas, the establishment of new frontiers of knowledge and progress are registered. It is the diffusion of these inventions that are products of sciences and technology research for social good that will ultimately define global development and enhanced sustainable development and this better explain as the ability to keep going and keep up the progress made in various segments of our society.Therefore, for a country to modernize and maintain a healthy industrialization and sustainable development there is the need to engender collaboration of research and invention between Universities and industries. University research activities can be beneficial to the industries by providing them with a number of relationship alternatives that facilitate the advancement of knowledge and the penetration of new technologies. Industries/University collaboration in itself is an innovative process that has the capacity to stimulate national growth through research and development. In other words, this kind of partnership has the potential to drive scientific findings that could go a long way to reposition global sustainability in all spheres of life. However, while economic and historical situations are different across countries and no simple solution can be found that is universally applicable throughout the World, it is the hope that this conference will provide some useful lessons and insights, that will be helpful to policymakers who are concerned with evaluating the effectiveness of university- industry relations in their respective countries and identifying ways to improve on inventions and research that can gloriously and resplendently define our global sustainability . It is easy to see from literatures and research findings that university as an institution rests on the platform of education, driven by research and geared towards innovation and invention. However, the reverse is the case with the Industry, which rests on the platform of innovation, driven by research and geared towards education. However, the intersection of the priorities of the two institutions is research. In other words, research is a common ground where universities and industry intersect innovation and invention at the bottom of its priorities, the industry starts with innovation and ends with education. However, an area of intersection exists between the university and industry which is research and invention. The role of inventions and research that define our global sustainability cannot be exhaustively discussed, but through a wider academic and continuous academic meetings, discourses and conferences like this. This stems from the fact that invention and research contributes a great deal to all facets of our individual and national lives. These are in the areas of the economy, the polity, science and technology and social development. What remains now is what to do to make universities continuously research and invention development – oriented. This, needs the contributions of all participants in this conferences and the time to do it is now. I am optimistic that the distinguished scholars, academicians, researchers, inventors, and scientists assembled at this festival with highly diversified expertise in research will accomplish this task. I wish participants at this conference a worthwhile, decisive, satisfying and productive discussions.

Soji Oni, Ph.D. University of Lagos, Nigeria Email: aoluoni@yahoo.com November 12, 2013.

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

wish to sincerely congratulate IAMURE for producing this Book of Abstracts that showcases its remarkable accomplishments. Since its inception a few years ago, IAMURE has grown exponentially in terms of quantity and quality of its publications. Thanks to the innovators and authors who unselfishly share their knowledge through IAMURE. Thus, through them, IAMURE shall prosper and be able to serve its readers and knowledge users better. IAMURE is a leader in disseminating new knowledge through careful selection of topics that matter most to its users – us – and the environment we live in. Although geographically based in Asia, IAMURE has made it one of its missions to share global responsibility to make contributions the best way it could towards sustaining Earth. This Book of Abstracts is an initial proof of pursuing that mission. Indeed, as academics we have the critical responsibility of molding curious minds to stimulate them to produce inventions and processes, not for the destruction, but for the benefit of mankind. However, one needs not look any farther to see inventions that have cluttered and messed Earth and have been giving deleterious effects to people for the short and long term. The message may be paraphrased as questions: What are we in the higher education doing about our role in preserving Earth? What are our priorities? Are we to produce graduates in order for them to primarily get jobs, or to produce graduates who shall actively seek and work for a sustainable environment? Do we seek to produce inventions and research that address the need for a sustainable environment a first priority? Thus, the conference theme “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability” begs for a re-thinking of existing mission, vision, and goals of higher education institutions in the country and in Asia to address our accountability towards Earth.

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Thank you,

Alejandro F. Tongco, Ph.D. Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma, U.S.A.

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

t is indeed a great pleasure to issue a message for the conference “Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)”.We, as researchers can be considered as one of the ‘main pillars in the world’ in terms of research as well as development of People, Process and Planet (3Ps) in collaborating and networking. In this context, the theme of the conference “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability” is suitable and applicable for the current scenario. We are living in the twenty first century in which people are always concerned about their ‘identity’ than ‘the identity of the world’. This concept can be the same among countries, regions, nations, cultures, ethnic groups as well as religions. The repercussions of this can be seen from the point of view violence, conflicts and also in terms of problems in the environment such as “Global Warming”. Sometimes we have to question whether the researchers are addressing the manifest problem rather than latent problem which is paramount important for investigation. The research architecture in the world should be governed by the agenda which always deals with something that should touch the hearts, minds and souls of people in terms of governance, conscience as well as “relations” regarding the wellbeing of Humans, Animals and the Earth (HAE).

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The Conference topics include: Multidisciplinary Studies, Biology, Education, Sociology, Math, Social Sciences, Engineering, Information Technology, Business, Management, Information Science, English Language and Literature, Linguistics, Higher Education, Quality Assurance, LGBT, Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies, Political Science, Health, History, Philosophy, Physics, Religion, Teaching, Tertiary Education, Maritime Education, Ecology, Conservation and Biodiversity.These subject areas are diverse but have the sense of ingredients to integrate in terms of adding value to existing knowledge domain which always help creating new paradigms. Researchers all over the globe gather for these forums and networking is one important aspect in the world of research. Even though, a scholar is from a geographically small country, his/her contribution in the field of research is of immense value and demonstrates how large he/she is, in terms of value, that is being added to the current stock of knowledge. Even though, we discuss about consumer society or/and consumerism, (with globalization) in post modern era, the role of research and the dominance of knowledge cannot always be matched with anything else in the world. Thus, I hope 26th to 28th November (ACMRHE 2013) this year will be one of the most memorable events with contributions and networking in the field of research. It is a great challenge to organize such an event and the organizers of this event should be praised and admired for organizing such a difficult task.Therefore, I take this opportunity to convey my best wishes as well as wish all the success to researchers (from different parts of the world) as well as conference organizers.

Dr. Nalin Abeysekera, Ph.D. (University of Colombo), MBA (University of Colombo), B.SC (Marketing)Special (University of Sri Jayewardenepura),MCIM (UK), MSLIM, Chartered Marketer) Senior Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

esearch plays a very important part in any industry all around the world. It is needed to ensure sustainability and growth thus it is not only an industry requirement but more so an integral part of an organization’s systems and processes.

As an educational institution, Lyceum of the Philippines University – Batangas appreciates the value that research brings to our organization. Research has become the basic foundation of University activities especially in delivering quality education among our students. Research greatly contributes also in developing new programs and processes as part of continuous quality improvement directed towards improved customer satisfaction. On this note, I would like to congratulate the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) for its efforts to uplift the quality of research and provide an avenue for scholars to share their academic work to the world and contribute to the development of organizations and the society at large. I would also like to congratulate you as you hold the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education on November 26-28, 2013. This is a manifestation of your commitment to recognize researchers and promote research in the global arena. With this year’s theme, “Inventions and Research that Define our Global Sustainability” , I am certain that you would be able to facilitate knowledge sharing and promote collaboration among researchers worldwide. I also believe that through this conference, you would be able to continuously uplift the standards in the conduct of research and encourage academicians, researchers, inventors and scientists to embark on more research work. Again, congratulations and more power to you!

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PETER P. LAUREL President Lyceum of the Philippines – Batangas

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

he University of the Immaculate Conception extends its warmest congratulations to IAMURE for the holding of another prestigious event, the Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) to be held at Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines on November 26-28, 2013.

The conference theme “Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability,” is appropriate in these times characterized by advanced technology and high-speed man-made mechanisms.The fate of humanity lies in the hands of a responsible science that can assure survival of life amidst the challenges posed by global problems like climate change, threat to food security, life-altering catastrophes affecting health conditions and economic and political instabilities. Thus, it is important that scientists from different continents gather and share their research outputs to enlighten everyone that unification in terms of addressing the critical issues can significantly make a difference.

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Thus, the University of the Immaculate Conception shall always support IAMURE in their noble intentions to help nurture the research culture of higher education institutions in our country, through research conferences and publications. More power, IAMURE!

S. Maria Marissa R.Viri, RVM President University of the Immaculate Conception Davao City, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

programme Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability! Day 1 Hosted by: STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Airlangga State University and Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute 7:00 - 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:01 - 9:05 a.m.

Invocation - THE VOICES

9:06 - 9:15 a.m.

National Anthems – Philippines, Indonesia and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Hymns of STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Airlangga State University and Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute

9:16 - 9:22 a.m.

Cultural Number from THE VOICES

9:23 - 9:28 a.m. Welcome Address and Declaration of the Opening of the Conference Dr. Genaro V. Japos President IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research 9:29 - 9:35 a.m.

Manila Declaration: Synthesis of ACMRHE 2013 Abstracts Randy A. Tudy Dean of Graduate School Cor Jesu College, Philippines

10:49 - 10:58 a.m. Awarding of Winners and Institutional Membership Certificates Outstanding World Researchers Outstanding World Research Leaders 10:59 - 11:28 a.m.

Plenary 1: Project NOAH Alfredo Mahar Francisco A. Lagmay Executive Director Department of Science and Technology – Project NOAH 11:29 - 12:00 p.m. Presentation of gifts to Hosts and Organizers Pictorials - Participants by University/Country 12:01 - 1:00 p.m.

Lunch Video Presentations of Past and Future IAMURE Conferences Video Presentation of Host Institutions

Roel Palo Anicas Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute, KSA Master of Ceremonies 1:01 - 6:00 pm

Concurrent Sessions Awarding of Winners in Concurrent Sessions

Day 2 Hosted by: University of the Immaculate Concepcion 8:00 - 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:36 - 9:41 a.m. Presentation of Delegates Jony V. Berjes Executive Vice-President and Publishing Manager IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

9:01 - 9:05 a.m. Invocation Renan P. Limjuco University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines

9:42 - 9:51 a.m.

Asian Talent Festival 2013

9:06 - 9:15 a.m.

National Anthem – Philippines Hymn of University of the Immaculate Concepcion

9:52 - 10:00 a.m.

Messages

9:16 - 9:25 a.m.

Cultural Number

Catherine Q. Castañeda

Director IV Commission on Higher Education – NCR 10:01 - 10:07 a.m.

Paul B. Bagatsing Vice President and General Manager AJA Registrars, Inc.

10:08 - 10:13 a.m.

Azucena F. Elegado Outstanding Filipino Research Leader 2013 University of Luzon, Philippines

10:14 - 10:18 a.m. 10:19 - 10:48 a.m.

Tatik Suryani Outstanding World Researcher 2013 STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Vice-President for Asia, IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research Keynote Address 1

Isagani R. Cruz

President Manila Times College, Philippines

Rene M. Babiera Porferia S. Poralan

University of the Immaculate Concepcion, Philippines

9:26 - 9:35 a.m.

Welcome Address

Asisclo M. Abonado III Ma. Veronica A. Bautista

Ambassador and Ambassadress of Goodwill University of the Immaculate Concepcion, Philippines

9:36 - 9:45 a.m.

Asian Talent Festival 2013

9:46 - 9:50 a.m.

Messages

Maria Victoria U. Sy

Outstanding Filipino Researcher 2013 University of San Jose Recoletos, Philippines

9:51 - 9:55 a.m.

Judilynn N. Solidum Outstanding World Research Leader 2013 University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

9:56 - 10:00 a.m.

Jimmy R. Soria Vice President for Research and Extension University of Northern Philippines

10:01 - 10:10 a.m.

Awarding of Winners Outstanding Filipino Researcher Awards 2013 Outstanding Indonesian Researcher Awards 2013 Outstanding Filipino Research Leader Awards 2013 Outstanding World Peer Reviewer and Journal Editor Awards 2013

10:11 - 10:40 a.m.

Keynote Address 2

Asian Talent Festival 2013

9:46 -9:50 a.m.

Messages

Mae Flor Gregori Posadas

Outstanding Filipino Research Leader 2013 Central Philippines State University, Philippines

9:51 - 9:55 a.m.

Gilmore G. Solidum Outstanding Filipino Researcher 2013 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines

Renan P. Limjuco

9:56 - 10:00 a.m. Romeo D. Caturao Outstanding World Researcher 2013 University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines

10:41 - 11:00 a.m. Plenary 2: Globalization of Food Consumption, Inflammation and Coronary Heart Disease Veneracion G. Cabana Director for Research Mountain View College, Valencia, Philippines

10:01 - 10:10 a.m.

11:01 - 11:20 a.m. Plenary 4: The Community Capital Model: The Blueprint for Rural Sustainable Development Sunia Fukofuka Researcher Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

10:11 - 10:40 a.m. Keynote Address 3 Jia-rong Wen Outstanding World Researcher 2013 Shu-Te University, Taiwan

Research Director University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines

11:21 - 1:00 p.m.

Lunch Video Presentation of Host Institutions

Ace Ronald C. Sarabia University of the Immaculate Concepcion, Philippines Master of Ceremonies 1:01 - 6:00 p.m.

Concurrent Sessions Awarding of Winners in Concurrent Sessions

Day 3 Hosted by: Cor Jesu College, Central Philippine State University and John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo 8:00 - 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:01 - 9:05 a.m. Invocation Leticia A. Cansancio Cor Jesu College, Philippines

9:06 - 9:15 a.m.

National Anthem – Philippines Hymns of Cor Jesu College, Central Philippine State University and John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo

9:16 - 9:25 a.m. Cultural Number from Central Philippine State University 9:26 - 9:35 a.m. Opening Remarks Rolando A. Alimen Research Coordinator John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines

9:36 - 9:45 a.m.

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Awarding of Winners Outstanding World Researcher Award 2013 Excellence in World Publication Awards 2013 World Publication Productivity Award 2013 World Research Productivity Awards 2013 IAMURE World Publication Awards 2013

10:41 - 11:00 a.m. Plenary 4: Species Richness and Riparian Vegetation of Plants in Cagayan de Oro River, Mindanao Philippines Lesley C. Lubos Editor-in-chief Asian Journal of Biodiversity 11:01 - 11:20 a.m. Plenary 5: Work Motivation and Performance of Teachers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Bohol, Philippines: A Comparative Study Roel Palo Anicas Outstanding World Peer Reviewer and Editor 2013 Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute, KSA

Legardo R. Palaca, Jr.

Assistant Professor III Holy Name University, Philippines

11:21 - 11:40 a.m. Oath-taking of New IAMURE and PAIR Members Pictorials 11:41 - 1:00 p.m.

Lunch Video Presentation of Host Institutions

Cristina G. Juarez Central Philippines State University, Philippines Master of Ceremonies 1:01 - 6:00 p.m.

Concurrent Sessions Awarding of Winners in Concurrent Sessions

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding World Researcher 2013

Jia-rong Wen Shu-Te University, Taiwan

Tatik Suryani

STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Romeo D. Caturao University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines

Veneracion G. Cabana Mountain View College,Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding World Research Leader 2013

Djuwari

STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Judilynn N. Solidum University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Celso C. Tautho

Central Mindanao University, Philippines

Roel Palo Anicas

Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Institute

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding Researcher of the philippines 2013

Anna C. Bocar

La Salle University- Ozamiz, Philippines

Apolinar T. Paulican Mountain View College, Philippines

Emeliza T. Estimo

John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines

Maria Victoria U. Sy

University of San Jose Recoletos, Philippines

Gilmore G. Solidum

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding Researcher of the philippines 2013

Mary Jane G. Barluado University of the Immaculate Concepcion, Philippines

Marife L. Pesino

Central Bicol State University of Agriculture, Philippines

Outstanding Researcher of indonesia 2013

Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum Airlangga State University, Indonesia

Erni Maduratna Setiawatie Airlangga State University, Indonesia

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding Research Leader of the Philippines 2013

Etchel B. Palma

Iloilo State College of Fisheries-Dumangas, Philippines

Mae Flor Gregori Posadas Central Philippines State University, Philippines

Vivien L. Chua

Sorsogon State College-Magallanes Campus, Philippines

Azucena F. Elegado University of Luzon, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Excellence in World Publication Awards 2013

Veneracion G. Cabana Mountain View College, Philippines

Rolando A. Alimen

John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University – Molo, Philippines

Ma. Cecilia D. Alimen

John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University – Molo, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Outstanding World Peer Reviewer and Journal Editor

Roel Palo Anicas

Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Institute

World Publication Productivity Award

Tatik Suryani

President STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

World Research Productivity Awards 2013

Renan P. Limjuco

Research Director University of the Immaculate Concepcion, Philippines

Mae Flor G. Posadas Research and Development Director Central Philippines State Unviersity, Philippines

Randy A. Tudy

Acting Director of Center for Social Development Research (CSDR) CorJesu College, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Best Abstract Awards 2013 Best Abstract for Science Education

Gee Marie S. Binag

Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Development and Utilization of Strategic Intervention Material in Teaching Select Topics in Genetics

Best Abstract for Education

Kerstin Gavina Fresita A. Pedroza

Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Exploring the Peter Effect in Teacher Educatorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Knowledge and Ability in Reading Instruction

Best Abstract for Ecology and Conservation

Mae Flor Gregori Posadas Central Philippines State University, Philippines IlogHilabangan Watershed and Forest Reserve Resource: A Socio-Economic Assessment

Best Abstract for Social Science

Arlyn A. Abeto

West Visayas State University, Philippines NabuswangFisherfolksâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Vulnerability and Ways of Coping: Perception and Lived Experience

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Best Abstract Awards 2013 Best Abstract for Business and Management

Kirt Anthony R. Diaz

Cor Jesu College, Philippines What Made Them Pay? A Case Analysis of Business and Professional Taxpayers in the Davao Region

Best Abstract for Mathematics

Apolinar T. Paulican

Mountain View College, Philippines Location Model in an Emergency Medical Services System of Davao City, Philippines

Best Abstract for Science and Clinical Laboratory

Mary Jane G. Barluado

University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Prospective Ex Vivo Determination of Food Glycemic Index by Yeast Fermentation System

Best Abstract for Marine Science

Ranel C. Larino

Southwestern University, Philippines Chitin from Portunuspelagicus (CRAB) Shells as a Potential Adsorbent for Common Water Contaminants

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Board of Judges Outstanding World Researcher Fatima Shad Kaneez

University Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam

Jose Gerardo Martinez

University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Campus, Puerto Rico

Pedro B. Bernaldez

Dongguk University, South Korea

Chew Fong Peng

University of Malaya, Malaysia

Outstanding World Research Leader Edwin R. Tadiosa

National Museum of the Philippines, Philippines

Wesley Evan Kendall West Virginia University, U.S.A.

Yuan-Horng Lin

National Taichung University of Education, Taiwan

Ricardo Bagarinao

University of the Philippines Open University, Philippines

Bernardo C. Lunar De La Salle-Lipa, Philippines

Lesley C. Lubos

Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013)

Board of Judges Outstanding Country Researcher Adesoji Oni

University OF Lagos, Nigeria

Gaurang Rami

Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, India Cebu Normal University (Visiting Professor), Philippines

Wilson L. Tisera

Arthawacana Christian University, Indonesia

Safary Wa-Mbaleka

Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

Outstanding Country Research Leader Manuel Bajet Jr.

University of Northern Philippines, Philippines

Nalin Abeysekera

Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka

Puvadol Doydee

Kasetsart University, Thailand

Sunia Fukofuka

Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines 路 Nov. 26-28, 2013 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Keynote Speech Research Performance Evaluation: Prestige Indicator of a Relevant and Committed Academia Dr. Renan P. Limjuco Director of Research and Publication Center University of the Immaculate Conception Davao City, Philippines

R “The research organization must assure that the research completed can create impact with respect to knowledge generation, diffusion, relationships and engagement.”

esearch is considered an integral and central function of a university. Thus, the research leaders of such institution must develop a comprehensive mechanism to evaluate its performance in all of its research undertakings. Questions bordering on priorities and thrusts, budget, quantity and quality of research outputs, impact, awards, incentives, attendance to conferences and publications are common in board rooms to refine important details of research projects. As the highest form of intellectual activity, research is expected to be very competitive. There must be prime movers in the institutions to propel continuously the advancement of research in terms of prestige and impact. Therefore, respective research centers must strengthen its organizational structure to develop strategies to maximize capabilities in budget allocations as well as in funding and publication activities. Publication centers must engage in efficient journal management and use of bibliometrics to create impact in scientific societies and communities. Research activity is really a cohesive interplay of academic personalities that include administrators, librarians, researchers, editors, publishers and department chairs. In fact, all of those who can provide reliable insights and data to assess the research performance of a university must get involved. Any system cannot function well without sound policies for operations and this is highly applicable in managing research in the academe. The university, therefore, must provide incentives to the researchers and create atmosphere conducive to research and sharing of ideas. It must require publication of research outputs in refereed journals. The research organization must assure that the research completed can create impact with respect to knowledge generation, diffusion, relationships and engagement. Lastly, research activities must empower people toward sustainable development and poverty alleviation. This lecture will expound various concepts about research performance evaluation in higher education institutions. In particular, the question to be answered is “How should we improve our research in our country?” Many say that the Publish-or-Perish mindset no longer works because, in terms of evolution, research has gone a long way. Now, we believe that it is only by investing in research that we develop a culture of science. This vision poses a challenge that will determine the prestige of a university and its commitment in making life better for everyone.

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Keynote Speech Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability Challenges of Education: Information Technology and Educational Reform Dr. Jia-rong Wen Department of Information Management Shu-Te University, Taiwan R.O.C.

T “Educational leaders and planners thus bear a heavy responsibility to ensure that the introduction of ICT into the classroom is managed with great care so that the very real benefits are realized efficiently and effectively...”

he three waves of reforms represent paradigm shifts and different strategies in facing up challenges and pursuing educational effectiveness in changing local and international contexts. The first wave (since the 1970s) emphasized on internal effectiveness with the focus on internal process improvement through external intervention or input approach. The second wave (since the mid-1990s) pursued the interface effectiveness in terms of school-based management, quality assurance and accountability, with very large scope and scale in reforms. The ongoing reforms are facing different types of intelligent, structural, social, political, and cultural constraints. With a very strong concern with relevance to the future, all countries also started the third wave to pursue future effectiveness. In the pursuit of rapid economic and social developments,Taiwan government has shown strong commitment and effort to educational reforms. Since the1980s, a number of important policies have been issued to improve educational practice and school management. This presentation discusses the major features and effectiveness of these education reform initiatives in light of globalization, localization and individualization. In facing up the new challenges from rapid globalization, tremendous advances in information technology, serious regional and international competitions, and strong demand for social, economic, political, and cultural transformations in the Taiwan society, as well as the serious difficulties in implementing the education reform measures and initiatives of the second wave , the Taiwan people have to develop new thinking and move towards the third wave of education reforms in the coming few years.. In terms of Instructional Technology, throughout the world, information and communication technology (ICT) is changing the face of education. Two fundamental and complementary factors are at work. First, ICT is changing the nature of work and the workplace, and education systems must respond to this.The so-called “knowledge revolution”, combined with economic globalization, create conditions which strongly reward those countries that focus growth on knowledge-based industries. A prerequisite for this is an educated labor force of computer-literate individuals who themselves understand and can harness the power of the ICT revolution. More generally, every citizen in this and the next generation will need to have a high “comfort level” with technology to live in and contribute to a society increasingly part of an interdependent “wired world”. So ICT is changing the objectives of education. Second, ICT provides educators with a powerful new tool to enhance the learning opportunities for students and the professional development opportunities for teachers.Thus ICT is also changing the methodologies through which educational services are delivered. However, ICT can do as much harm as good. Bad pedagogy implemented on a computer may have its harmful effects multiplied many fold by the power of the technology. Educational leaders and planners thus bear a heavy responsibility to ensure that the introduction of ICT into the classroom is managed with great care so that the very real benefits are realized efficiently and effectively, while the dangers are eliminated, or at least minimized. Careful planning, in the context of a long-term educational vision, is therefore essential. Moreover, the introduction and sustainability of ICT in the education system is expensive. The capital cost of the equipment needed to begin the process is obvious. Not so well understood is the high level of new

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

recurrent costs that effective use of ICT requires on a continuing basis. The central focus of ICT in education is on the use of the computer. In this context the computer, as a piece of hardware animated by a variety of software packages, must be viewed as a multi-purpose device whose educational applications include: • Manipulating text and numerical data (word processing, spreadsheets, statistical and mathematical software, desktop publishing) • Manipulating graphic information (scanning and drawing software) • Storing and analysing digitized information (databases) • Accessing and disseminating information (world wide web, CD-ROMs) • Communicating (e-mail, listservs, chatrooms, e-fax, real-time conferencing, etc.) • Instructional processes (software for teaching specific skills) Key points discussed today are: A. Changes in the world 1. Explosion of knowledge 2. Along with the environment 3. People with complementary technology B. Taiwan’s educational problems suffered 1. Poor quality of university education 2. Lack of creativity of students 3. Teachers without passion and kinetic energy (primary and secondary schools) 4. Exam guide teaching methods 5. Pay the price for democracy education in Taiwan 6. Cram teaching 7. Family background (neglect family education) 8. Political chaos 9. Mass media and internet. Wrong way on ruins the mind of the younga C. European Union (EU) Eight Key Competencies This framework defines eight key competences and describes the essential knowledge, skills and attitudes related to each of these. These key competencies are: 1. Communication in the mother tongue 2. Communication in foreign languages 3. Cathematical competence and basic competencies in science and technology

4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Digital competence Learning to learn Social and civic competences Sense of initiative and entrepreneurship Cultural awareness and expression

These key competencies are all interdependent, and the emphasis in each case is on critical thinking, creativity, initiative, problem solving, risk assessment, decision taking and constructive management of feelings. (A European reference framework for European Union (EU) countries and the Commission) D. Education Reform: Instructional Technology Revolution

1. Teaching area:

Enclosed → Open

2. Teaching Method

Single → Multiple

3. Learning Styles:

Competition → Cooperation

4. Textbook presents:

Static → Dynamic

5. Teaching materials:

Stable → Changes

6. Interactive Learning:

Entity → Virtual

7. Learner Autonomy:

Passive → Active

8. Learning Source:

Classroom → Network

9. Learning areas:

Local → Global

10. Learner:

Individual → Team

E. Training Students Basic skills 1. 2. 3. 4.

Problem solving skill Resource management skill Self-study skill Global view

F. Educational Technology in Taiwan Several Key Directions 1. 2. 3. 4.

English teaching digital applications Logic thinking skill Training Cloud Applications Digital Learning

G. Common Responsibility of Global Society 1. 2. 3. 4.

Knowledge Tower - Professional and General Education Complementary culture and technology The limits of science and authenticity Coordination between man and nature - environment and human 5. Shorten the distance between international

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Plenary Abstracts

Globalization of Food Consumption, Inflammation and Coronary Heart Disease Veneracion G. Cabana ORCID No. 0000-0003-3159-2398 migtulod.lumad@hotmail.com Mountain View College, Philippines Coronary heart disease (CHD), leading and increasing cause of death in industrialized nations worldwide, has become the no. 1 cause of death in the Philippines. Globalization includes radical shifts in food consumption that are the “most rapid and dramatic in the course of human history.” A western diet believed to be responsible for about 30% of myocardial infarction (heart attack) worldwide has supplanted traditional eating practices. Using biochemical methods and review of published data, this study investigated the contribution of inflammation attending the globalization of food consumption to CHD. Data show that although high levels of HDL and its major apoprotein, apoA-I are inversely related to CHD, during inflammation characterized by >1000-fold increases of the inflammatory marker protein, serum amyloid A (SAA), HDL decreases precipitously. SAA displaces apoA-I compromising the protective functions of HDL. Dietary cholesterol (only and always from animal sources) evoked increases in SAA. Inflammatory processes accompanying a changing lifestyle associated with globalization of food consumption may contribute to the increase of CAD worldwide. Preventive measures should emphasize consumption of the most healthful and nourishing diet of whole grain, nuts, legumes, fruits, and vegetables reflecting a turn-of-the-century advocacy, now progressively being verified by scientific data. Keywords: Science, apoA-I, coronary heart disease, globalization of food consumption, HDL, inflammation, serum amyloid A, Philippines

The Community Capital Model: The Blueprint for Rural Sustainable Development Sunia Fukofuka ORCID No. 0000-0001-8564-5497 fukofukas@aiias.edu Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines The Community Capital Model (CCM) was developed in response to the primary objective of the study: the development of a holistic model for the relocation of communities affected by natural disasters. The CCM has two components: the first being the conceptualization of the community capital and the second being the generator that is required to implement and sustain this conceptualization. The first component of the model was presented in the World Research Festivals in May 2013 in Davao City. The second component of the model – the engine that sustains the development of the community capital, is the focus of this paper. The grounded theory method was used in this study and the data were collected from four relocation sites. In the analysis, it was found out that the synergy created through the integration of these stakeholders – government, church, international students, single graduates, volunteers, grassroots, and other private organizations, provided the needed resources to implement and sustain the CCM. Further, a vision with a champion is required to inspire these entities to engage in the vision. Finally, it is argued that though this engine was developed to sustain the CCM, it can be the blueprint for rural sustainable development in the Philippines. Keywords: Technology, community capital model, grounded theory method, rural sustainable development, community relocation, disaster management, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Plenary Abstracts

Species Richness and Riparian Vegetation of Plants in Cagayan de Oro River, Mindanao, Philippines Lesley C. Lubos ORCID No. 0000-0002-8761-3680 lesleyclubos@liceo.edu.ph Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines Plants are producers, they take the energy emitted from the sun and turn it into simple sugars, which are then turned into ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate, energy usable by the plant and animals) through cellular respiration, and other animals then eat them and receive ten percent of the energy contained in the plant, also known as the ten percent rule. Assessment of plants was conducted along Cagayan de Oro river. It was surveyed for six months, three each in the wet and dry seasons. The four sampling sites in Oro River revealed a total of 97 species belonging to 81 genera and 52 families. Of this number, 62 species were angiosperms, 1 gymnosperms, 24 pteridophytes and 10 bryophytes. Family Verbenaceae has the highest number of species with six (6) species, followed by Moraceae, Araceae and Arecaceae with both 4 species each. Station 1 has the highest number of species (61), followed by Station 2 (50), Station 4 (36), and Station 3 (30). The study revealed 6 threatened species both locally and nationally. Of these threatened species, 5 were considered vulnerable, 1 endangered, 4 endemic species. Majority of the plant species (63.3 %) that were identified within the study area have economic values. It is recommended that the soft vegetation features of the riparian ecosystem in Oro River will be planted with indigenous or endemic species of trees and interspersed with economic species of plants to improve the quality and biodiversity of the river systems. Keywords: Plant ecology, floral diversity, riparian vegetation, conservation status, Cagayan de Oro river, Philippines

Work Motivation and Performance of Teachers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Bohol, Philippines: A Comparative Study Roel Palo Anicas ORCID No. 0000-0003-1502-7049 roelpaloanicas@gmail.com; roel@sehai.org Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Educational organization is one of the best social institutions for a group of interdependent individuals. If progress is to occur in education, basic practices should undergo radical changes. This study determined the levels of work motivation and performance of teachers in Elite International School in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Valencia Technical-Vocational High School in Valencia, Bohol, Philippines. Descriptive-correlational method and a two-part questionnaire were utilized. The CB-PAST and the teachers of EIS in Saudi Arabia and VTVHS in Bohol, Philippines served as respondents. The data collected were analyzed using weighted mean and Multiple Regression analysis. Teachers were strongly motivated along extrinsic factors and intrinsic factors. Records from the documentary analysis of the CB-PAST revealed that teachers were proficient in instruction, home, school, community involvement, personal growth and professional development. The level of administrative support was considered high as perceived by the teachers. The level of work motivation influenced the level of performance of teachers. Furthermore, administrative support enhanced the effect of work motivation on performance of the teachers. Therefore, PALACA-ANICAS Strategic Plan is highly recommended to the administrators of each school to consider in enhancing further the levels of work motivation and performance of the teachers. Keywords: Education, work motivation; performance of teachers, PALACA-ANICAS strategic plan, descriptive-correlational design, Saudi Arabia, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Homosexuality among Teachers in Iloilo: Attitudes and Experiences Michael B. Dizon ORCID No. 0000-0002-2847-819 mikedizon24@yahoo.com Iloilo State College of Fisheries -Dumangas Campus, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The prevalence of homosexuality seems much the same in almost all cultures. This study determined the attitudes of male teachers towards homosexuality and described the lived experiences of those who are engaged in homosexual relationship in Iloilo, Philippines. This quantitative-qualitative research was anchored on interpersonal congruency theory that stability and change in persons’ behavior are functions of stability and change in their relations with others. The researcher-made questionnaire based on the work of Boxill et al. (2012) was used. Frequency count, mean, t-test, and Analysis of Variance were employed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. A personal interview with the participants was also conducted in a casual and conversational manner. Results showed that their attitudes towards homosexuality were “High” for being positive, “Low” for being negative and “Moderate” for being subjective. No significant difference was noted in their attitudes when grouped according to the categories of the variables or socio-demographic characteristics like age, marital status, highest educational attainment, employment status, length of teaching service, type of school, type of dwelling, and religion. Further, the participants’ attitudes and experiences on engagement in homosexual relationship were for pleasure and self-fulfilment. Keywords: Social Sciences, homosexuality, male teachers, attitudes, experiences, quantitative-qualitative research, Philippines

The Lived Experiences of Males Having Sex with Males (MSM) Towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention Program Bernadeth Luayon-Gerodias ORCID No. 0000-0002-1554-7901 bernadethgerodias@gmail.com Southern Philippines Medical Center, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The males having sex with males (MSM) comprised 79% of the 33 million Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) positive people worldwide in 2009. Despite free drugs, care and prevention, most MSM shunned HIV-AIDS testing and continued infecting others with their risky sex acts. Using qualitative descriptive research design with psychological phenomenology as method, this study aimed to understand MSM behavior by purposively choosing nine HIV positive MSM in Davao City. Three sessions or direct face- to- face key informant interviews, which lasted an average of two hours per session, were conducted to answer these questions: “What are the lived experiences of MSM living with HIV-AIDS (MSMLHA)?” and “What are the lived experiences of MSMLHA with the Available HIV Intervention Program?”. The data revealed five major themes: sex, stigma, regret, family support and the need for an effective HIV awareness program. Participant and reality check, peer debriefing, use of voice and triangulation were conducted to ensure trustworthiness and validity. It is concluded that the lack of information on the mode of HIV transmission exposed MSM to HIV infection. Thus, it is recommended that an extensive, institutionalized and curriculumbased education program should be implemented to effect behavioral modifications to help curb HIV incidence in Davao City. Keywords: Psychology, males having sex with males, human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, HIV education, phenomenology, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Profiling the HIV/AIDS Risk Sexual Behavior of Male Transactional Sex Workers in Manila, Philippines Gilmore G. Solidum ORCID No. 0000-0002-0601-9760 graloheus@gmail.com Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The Philippine Health Department sounded the alarm on the steady increase of Human Immunodeficiency VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) cases in the Philippines particularly in the male to male sexual contact transmission. There is a dearth of academic work regarding male transactional sex workers in the country thus the need for this study. This study identified the HIV/AIDS risk sexual behavior of male transactional sex workers in Manila and correlated the behavior with selected demographic variables. A two-week cross-sectional survey in Malate using snowball sampling technique was used to recruit 30 respondents – male transactional sex workers. Face to face interviews were conducted. Chi-square determined how selected demographic information of the respondents correlated with HIV/AIDS risk sexual behavior. Respondents were 16-31 years old, mostly single and high school graduates who live with their families. Many perceived that their job is essential for their families’ survival. Almost all denied using drugs. Most engaged in bisexual acts without using condom. Many denied having sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Perceived economic value of the job was significantly related to condom use and experience with STIs. Drug use significantly correlated with age. Swift action is needed to address the increase of HIV/AIDS cases. It is necessary to understand the risk sexual behavior of men who have sex with men so prevention programs could be designed. Keywords: Health Education, HIV/AIDS, risk sexual behavior, male transactional sex workers, condom use, STIs, descriptive cross-sectional survey, Philippines

Diversity Climate and Affective Commitment of Teachers in Tertiary Schools Jo-Ann Y. Solomon ORCID No. 0000-0002-2098-3871 joannsolomon33@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Commitment as an important factor in any school organization spells the difference between success and failure in any educational undertaking. Teachers’ commitment is closely connected with teaching performance. This study determined the relationship between diversity climate and affective commitment of teachers in tertiary schools in Davao Region. The research design used was descriptive-correlational. It investigated the relationship of diversity climate characterized by individual practices, work group practices and organizational practices and affective commitment categorized as organizational support, organizational commitment, organizational reward, procedural justice and direct supervisor support. A modified questionnaire was used in the collection of data. Data were treated using descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test and Pearson’s r correlation. The results of the study showed that the level of diversity climate and affective commitment of teachers among tertiary school is high. The perception of teachers on diversity climate and the level of affective commitment do not differ significantly when it was analyzed using the respondent profile though a significant difference was noted between gender and affective commitment. The data also revealed that diversity climate is statistically related to the affective commitment of teacher. Keywords: Organizational culture, diversity climate, affective commitment, teachers, tertiary schools, descriptivecorrelational design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Teachers’ Performance and Students’ Academic Performance and Diagnostic Test Results Jingle Sentillas-Navarez ORCID No. 0000-0002-2341-4551 jsnavarez@cjc.edu.ph Cor Jesu College, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Teachers are responsible in the learning process that takes place inside the classroom. The study was conducted to find out the relationship of the teachers’ performance and students’ academic performance and diagnostic test results. It utilized descriptive-correlation design. The data gathered from the results of the six teachers’ evaluation by the students and the 332 respondents’ final grades and diagnostic test results were analyzed by employing mean and inferential statistics such as Independent Sample T-test and Pearson Moment Correlation to get the extent of differences and relationships. In order to deepen the quantitative analysis, a focus group discussion involving 10 students was conducted. Results revealed that significant differences existed in the students’ academic performance and diagnostic test results in Math and Filipino but not in Science while there existed a moderately high positive correlation between students’ academic performance and diagnostic test results. This implies that as students’ academic performance increases, their diagnostic test results also increase. The focus group discussion also revealed that students were not serious in answering the diagnostic test because they viewed it as having no effect to their academic grades. It is recommended that prior to the conduct of the test, the subject teacher should orient the students. Keywords: Education, teachers’ performance, students’ academic performance, descriptive-correlation design, Philippines

Extent of Utilization of Instructional Materials and Problems among BatStateU ARASOF Faculty Anania B. Aquino ORCID No. 0000-0002-5813-0225 anania1969@gmail.com Batangas State University – ARASOF, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Students’ learning activities can be enriched by instructional materials (IMs) which are used in teaching to facilitate students’ learning. They aid the teachers in communicating to learners. As students differ in their responses to IMs, it is the responsibility of the teacher to use and select the most appropriate instructional materials that will promote learning among students. Hence, the study was conducted to determine the IMs used by the faculty members of Batangas State University. Descriptive method of research, survey and interview were used in order to gather data from the 84 faculty members. Findings revealed that many were using textbooks, PowerPoint presentation, workbooks, manuals and modules while few were using magazines, news articles, monograph and audio/video. Problems encountered in the utilization of IMs included unavailability, inadequacy and quality of materials and the faculty’s inadequate background on the manipulation of the material. Only 31 developed IMs but many have plans of developing one. These led to the conclusions that traditional IMs were mainly used and their utilization was influenced by their availability and quality. It was recommended that support for the utilization of IMs be enhanced and accessibility plan be established to promote timely adoption and utilization of IMs. Keywords: Educational technology, education, instructional materials, utilization, descriptive-survey, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Extent of Environmental Education in Select Higher Education Institutions Antonette Besitulo-Donoso ORCID No. 0000-0002-4362-4636 a_besitulo@yahoo.com Surigao State College of Technology - Del Carmen Campus, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide considered environmental education as a useful tool for environmental management. This study described the extent of environmental education in select HEIs in Caraga Region, Philippines. The study used descriptive research design using the survey technique. The findings of the study showed that in terms of the profiles of the HEIs, most have been existing for 1 to 50 years; the majority is located in urban places; and most have 1,000 to 3,000 students. As regards the profile of the students, most fall between ages 18-19 years; the majority is females; and they are not members to environmental organizations. Moreover, the number of years of existence of the HEI with p-value .0010 and the gender of the students with p-value .0000 are lower than the 0.05 level of significance. Thus, it indicated significant relationship with the perceptions on the extent of environmental education. It is concluded that environmental education as to physical operations, research, environmental literacy, and ethical and moral responsibility is extensive; the number of years of existence of the HEI, and the students’ gender are the factors that would influence perceptions on the extent of environmental education. Further researches on environmental education should be conducted to allow the higher education environmental movement to progress. Keywords: Environmental education, environmental literacy, Higher Education Institution (HEI), descriptive design, Philippines

Exploring the Disaster Management of Teachers and Pupils in Iligan City, Philippines Roberto D. Napere Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0003-0772-5218 ronap713@gmail.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Considering its geologic location and physical characteristics, Philippines is considered one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Disasters occurring in the country can be natural or human-induced. Certainly, when there is a disaster, school children are the most vulnerable. This study examined the disaster management trainings attended by the teachers and their capability level in managing natural and human-induced disasters. It also explored the pupils’ knowledge, attitudes and behavior about disaster management. Employing descriptive research design, 200 teachers and 300 pupils in the public central schools in Iligan City served as respondents. Survey questionnaires were used in data gathering and were treated using frequency counts, means, percentages and correlation procedures. Results revealed that almost all of the teachers did not have trainings on disaster management and yet, they are capable of managing the identified disasters. Meanwhile, the pupils posted a good remark on their knowledge, attitudes and behavior about disaster management. The two powerful typhoons (Sendong and Pablo) left significant lesson to the people in Iligan City not to be complacent in any disasters. The study recommends that a full institutionalization of disaster management to all schools be effected in order to continue to protect and preserve the school personnel, pupils, and educational facilities. Keywords: Education, disaster management, natural and human-induced disasters, capability level, pupils’ knowledge, attitudes and behavior, descriptive research, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Noise Intensities in Davao City Campuses: Their Effects on Academic Activities of the Learners Neil C. Capricho ORCID No. 0000-0003-4579-5321 neilcapricho@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 A research on noise intensity is important because all people are exposed to noise and are, therefore, vulnerable to its possible harmful effects. This study determined the noise intensities in elementary, secondary and tertiary campuses along the streets of Davao City and assessed their effects on the academic activities of the learners. It also determined whether the level of noise goes beyond the acceptable level for a working environment and whether the learners are affected by the noise-related disturbances and annoyances. This investigation employed a descriptive method, specifically a mix of comparison and correlation. A survey to 750 purposively chosen respondents from 15 schools as regards the effects of noise intensities to their academic activities in school was conducted. Findings revealed that the noise level experienced by elementary and secondary learners is within the acceptable level for the working environment. However, university and college students experience noise level which creates speech interference and communication disturbance. The extent of effect of noise intensities to lecture sessions, classroom learning accomplishments and classroom session breaks experienced by the learners in these campuses is on a moderate level. This study concludes that noise intensity is not associated with the academic activities of the learners across the curriculum. Keywords: Environmental science, noise, noise intensity, campus, academic activities, learners, descriptive-comparative design, Philippines

Perceived Challenges and Opportunities of Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) Region IV-A on Establishing and Sustaining Community Driven Enterprises Donards Kim A. Tañedo ORCID No. 0000-0002-7782-8477 donards_tanedo@yahoo.com Department of Social Welfare and Development Regional Field Office IV-A, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:51 - 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) is a community-based program which provides capacity building to improve the program participants’ socio-economic status. As a component of the Convergence Strategy, the program aims to serve the beneficiaries of the Pantawid Pamilya, hoping to sustain and expand beyond the five-year intervention the socioeconomic benefits gained. This study aimed to identify the perceived challenges and opportunities of DSWD-SLP region IV-A SEA-K Organizations with regard to formulating, enhancing, and sustaining livelihood activities and communitybased microenterprises which will serve as basis in the formulation of a structured livelihood training program. This study used triangulation type of research, a combination of Qualitative (Phenomenological) and Quantitative (Descriptive and Experimental) approaches. The research findings revealed that the most prevalent types or nature of livelihood activities in CALABARZON is composed of Trade and Commerce, Food Processing, and Cottage Industries as evidenced by the individual surveys conducted per province. On the other hand, the least prevalent livelihood activities include Fishing/Marine Life, Crops, Manufacturing, and Businesses otherwise specified as manifested in the individual surveys conducted per region. Based on the personal interviews conducted, an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was done in order to come up with common themes with regard to the SEAK members’ perception on challenges and opportunities in sustaining a community-based business enterprise. Keywords: Social Sciences, challenges, opportunities, microenterprise, mixed methods, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Adolescent Self-Learning Exercise (ASLE) and Self-Perception of Crisis Intervention Center Residents Ma. Veronica A. Bautista ORCID No. 0000-0002-5140-4000 mvabautista@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Sexual and gender-based violence is a prevalent yet an invisible problem in the Philippine society; indeed, it has become a worldwide concern. Of the types of aggression, rape is one of the most extreme forms of sexual violence that occurs in certain society. This study was conducted in an attempt to introduce a program that would enhance the level of selfperception of the Crisis Intervention Center residents using ASLE as a tool. The instruments used were the Emotional SelfAwareness Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, and Self-Rating Scale (of Self-Acceptance). The level of self-perception of the participants was determined utilizing the single subject design, specifically the AB-AB design. Identified participants of the study were 11 residents of CIC in Amas, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato who were victims of rape and other forms of sexual abuse. To determine their level of self-perception on self-awareness, self-esteem and self-acceptance, the Adolescent Self-Learning Exercise (ASLE) was used. It showed varying results as indicated in the study. Of the three areas of focus, participants showed significant difference in their level of perception on self-esteem compared with self-awareness and self-acceptance. This further proved that the activities used in the conduct of ASLE that tackles on improving self-esteem were effective and appropriate as they enhanced the participants’ level of self-esteem. Keywords: Psychology, social science, adolescent, sexual abuse, self-acceptance, self-esteem, self-awareness, Philippines

Nabuswang Fisherfolks’ Vulnerability and Ways of Coping: Perception and Lived Experience Arlyn A. Abeto ORCID No. 0000-0002-7783-7402 abetoarlyn@gmail.com West Visayas State University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 This study considers Nabuswang fisherfolks’ management of vulnerabilities in life. Nabuswang is an island of agri -fishing community with a mangrove sanctuary. Though endowed with natural resources, residents still live in poverty. Thus, a study was conducted to find out how the residents, confronted with poor fish catch and natural and man-made hazards, survived. The research design was descriptive-analytic utilizing researcher-made questionnaires administered randomly to fisherfolks. The instrument was formulated based on the preliminary interview among fisherfolks. Responses to the survey questionnaires were validated through focus group discussion. The data shows that poverty was due to poor fish catch despite the effort spent in raising their catch and was influenced by human- made hazards, more than nature. To cope, saving for the rainy days was on top of their list, but they ended up saving nothing. Some resorted to money lending, dietary adaptations, alternative health care. Concretely, Illegal fishing practices, pollution, climate change resulted to loss of fish habitat and depletion of fishing grounds. In conclusion, Fishery Laws seem not fully implemented. Good thing, Nabuswang fisherfolks could still find ways to cope with poverty because of their positive outlook and trust in God which contributed to their sense of survival. Keywords: Applied Linguistics, fisherfolks’ perception and lived experience and ways of coping, descriptive design, preliminary interview, survey, focus group discussion, Negros Occidental, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Blurring Boundaries of Private and Public Spheres in Social Networking: Facebook Portrayal in Focus Fe Monique Musni- Tagaytay ORCID No. 0000-0001-7667-2346 nikkimusni@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The phenomenon of globalization has never been felt before than it is today. The prime mover of this phenomenon is the Internet, and it is not an exaggeration to state that this media has revolutionized the access to information. This study examines the practices of selected college students that reflect an overlapping of public and private spheres in their use of Facebook. Through this study, the need to look into the way privacy is viewed in the first place is addressed. This qualitative case study analyzes the experiences of the selected student-informants from the University of the Immaculate Conception (UIC) and reports their detailed views. This is done in order to get a holistic picture on the blurring of social and private spheres brought about by increased user self-disclosure. The study reveals that the informants still find privacy important but seem to take a background with their perception of absolute freedom when using social media which seems to be the point where the blurring of private and public spheres seems to occur. The results of the study also show that the role of the individual as gatekeeper and filter of information is central to the content of social media which places a high premium on media literacy of social media users. Keywords: Communication, social media, facebook, privacy, descriptive-qualitative design, Philippines

Language Needs of Maritime Students: The Shipping Sector’s Perspectives Ma. Eva M. Hilay ORCID No. 0000-0002-4226-6785 maevahilay@gmail.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Identification of the language needs of maritime students is essential in developing their language skills. Acquisition of these skills aims to promote safety in the workplace. Thus, maritime schools are tasked to produce graduates who could communicate effectively onboard the ship. This premise propelled the conduct of this study. A descriptive-qualitative method was used to report the results in the following areas: 1) language needs of maritime students; and 2) match between the classroom language practices and the language needs identified by the shipping sector. Data were gathered through survey and classroom observation using a researcher-made instrument and were treated by frequency counting. The analysis of the data revealed the order of importance of the following skills: 1) speaking to interact in social and routine workplace situations; 2) writing to compose formal and informal correspondence/letters; 3) listening to comprehend orders; and 4) reading to comprehend general authentic texts in social and routine job related subjects. Further, there was match in the macro skills as expected by the shipping sector and as practiced in the classroom. However, there was mismatch in the development of the specific skills. In general, the results implied that approaches or strategies employed in class instruction affect the development of the specific skills. Keywords: Language and communication, language needs, survey and classroom observation, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Common Errors in English Written by the Academic Journal Contributors Djuwari ORCID No. 0000-0002-2750-3463 djuwari@perbanas.ac.id STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 In linguistics, errors in writing must be paid attention. Common errors written by the academic journal contributors especially by the Indonesian authors are typical. Since English in Indonesia is a foreign language, the articles submitted to the journal may have errors. When editing these articles, some common errors are found. This research attempts to investigate common errors in English written by the academic journals contributors from Indonesia. It is a qualitative and descriptive research, using Error Analysis (EA) and Contrastive Analysis (CA) theories. The data are taken from 15 articles submitted by the Indonesia contributors of the accredited academic journals Ventura published by STIE Perbanas Surabaya. First, they are analyzed before they are edited and then classified according to the types of errors. From this, common errors are identified. After this, they are described based on the morphological and sentence levels. Finally, possible treatment can be asserted. The results show that there are 6 types of common errors such as morphological levels: (1) Head-Modifer, (2) Agreement, (3) To-Infinitive and sentence level: Dangling, Agreement, Passive Construction, and Perfect Tense. It can be generalized that most of the common errors are due to L1 system so that CA for L1 with L2 is required. Keywords: Error Analysis (EA), Constrastic Analysis (CA), L1, and L2, Indonesia

Promotion of Cultural Competence in Relation to Affective Commitment of the Faculty in Tertiary Schools in Davao Region Porferia S. Poralan ORCID No. 0000-0001-6573-3174 febferry@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Teachers’ commitment has been identified as one of the most critical factors in the success and future of education. Meanwhile evidences were presented at the UNESCO International Conference on Education in 1996 as regards the deterioration in the working conditions of teachers, demoralization, abandonment of the profession, absenteeism, and a negative impact on the quality of education. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between levels of promotion of cultural competence and of affective commitment of faculty of tertiary schools in Davao region. The descriptive-correlational method of research was used. Statistical technique such as mean and Pearson r coefficient were employed. The study revealed that there is a high level of promotion of cultural competence in the area of curriculum, faculty, and student services program, research and development and community extension program. It also found out that the level of affective commitment of the faculty is also high in terms of organizational commitment, organizational rewards, procedural justice, and direct supervisor’s support. The high rating on the level of affective commitment of faculty members in the tertiary schools in Davao Region means that practices on perceived organizational support, organizational commitment, organizational rewards, procedural justice and direct supervisor’s support are felt oftentimes by the faculty. Keywords: Education, cultural competence, affective commitment, faculty, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Students’ Level of Satisfaction on the Services of La Salle University Julieta R. Betonio ORCID No. 0000-0001-8434-8634 betoniojulieta@gmail.com La Salle University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Successful academic institutions place client satisfaction at the top of their list of priorities. For one, students expect value, high quality and low cost of all types of services or product in order to satisfy their needs. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of student’s satisfaction on the services of La Salle University. It looked into the areas of the different services offered by the university and found out areas of its services that need to be improved. The respondents of the study were limited to 193 fourth year students during the second semester, SY 2010-2011. The findings revealed that eight out of 10 services that La Salle University has offered to its clientele were rated high by the students. This means that the students were satisfied with the services of these departments; namely: Student Registration, Library/Internet, Guidance and Counseling services, Laboratories, Dental and Medical Clinic, General Services, Accounting Office and Financial Assistance Program. On one hand, students were not highly satisfied with the services of La Salle University on the following areas; namely: Canteen and Management Council/Administration. The ratings imply that the administration of La Salle University should take action to improve the quality of its services. Keywords: Educational management, customer satisfaction, services, descriptive design, Philippines

Visionary Leadership, Team Building Competence, and Conflict Resolution Skills of School Administrators: Structural Model on Organizational Efficiency Arvin A. Andacao ORCID No. 0000-0002-2764-2252 arvinandacao@gmail.com Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Several indicators of organizational efficiency, that beset the Philippine System of Higher Education, have been identified. In pursuit of total quality management in Philippine Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), the study determined the best fit model of organizational efficiency of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Region XI, Philippines. The study employed descriptive-correlational design and structural equation model with 369 faculty members who participated as respondents. Sets of survey questionnaires were also used as instruments in obtaining information from the respondents. The findings revealed that the overall level of visionary leadership of school administrators was high; team building competence was high; conflict resolution skills was barely high; and organizational efficiency of SUCs was high. Meanwhile, the visionary leadership, team building competence, and conflict resolution skills of school administrators were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with organizational efficiency. The commitment, accountability, shared goals, valuing, and mapping were found out to be the best predictors to achieve organizational efficiency. Finally, the most model parsimony for organizational efficiency of SUCs in Region XI, Philippines was the level of team building competence of school administrators, which passed all the conventions of a good model fit. Keywords: Educational Management, visionary leadership, team building competence, conflict resolution skills, structural equation model, State Universities and Colleges, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Validation of Small-Scale Chemistry Experiments Developed Using Low-Cost Materials Georgina A. Diopenes ORCID No. 0000-0003-0039-8285 georginadiopenes@gmail.com Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The cost of supplies constrains individual performance of experiments by students in school. The researcher developed the General Chemistry Laboratory Module of Small-Scale Experiments that allows individual performance of the activities by tertiary freshmen. It includes five experiments aligned with the TIMSS’ topics in Chemistry and therefore, also offers the prospect of extensive chemistry laboratory capability to public secondary schools and helping their performance in the TIMSS’ assessment in science. A non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design served as framework for investigating the effects of small-scale and traditional chemistry experiments on achievement, conceptual understanding and level of participation of the experimental and control groups respectively. Validated multiple-choice tests with moderate reliability measured achievement while concept maps with very strong inter-rater reliability assessed conceptual understanding. The experimental group showed greater percent gain in achievement and conceptual understanding, and a strong association between the the two variables. Nonetheless, independent t-test found no significant difference in achievement and conceptual understanding of the experimental and control groups. The level of participation rated through a researchermade rubric was found to increase in the experimental group who used the small-scale chemistry experiments. Hence, the researcher sees the module as pedagogically effective as the traditional laboratory experiments with added values of being environment-friendly and cheap. Keywords: Chemical education, small-scale chemistry experiments, achievement, conceptual understanding, level of participation, non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design, Bacolod City, Philippines

Lecture vs. Self-Regulated Learning: A Comparison of Two Methods in Teaching Biological Science Maricel A. Gomez ORCID No. 0000-0001-8054-2704 maricelgomez_lnu@yahoo.com Leyte Normal University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Lecture is a common method used in college teaching. Various researches comparing lecture and more active methods in relation to students’ performance presented mixed views on the effectiveness of the lecture. This research aimed to compare the traditional lecture and self-regulating learning method in relation to students’ achievement in Biological Science. The study used quasi-experimental method using non-equivalent group pretest-posttest design. Two intact classes were used with 39 students per class. A total of 78 freshmen students were included in the study. The two groups were randomly assigned to the two teaching methods. One group was taught through lecture while the other group through self-regulating learning (SRL) method. Comparability of the students was based on their pretest scores in Biological Science. The study was conducted with an observer. Teacher-made achievement test, course teaching manual, and course reader were used in the study. Results revealed that both lecture and SRL methods increased students’ achievement in Biological Science. However, students in the traditional method obtained higher mean pretest, posttest, and mean gain scores than students exposed to SRL method. Lecture as a teaching method should not be entirely replaced, but rather integrated with other methods whenever it is appropriate. Keywords:Education, college science teaching, self-regulated learning, quasi-experimental method, non-equivalent group pretest-posttest design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Remediation on Common Math Errors Louida P. Patac ORCID No. 0000-0002-9230-6829 louidapatac@gmail.com Surigao State College of Technology, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Studies show that many students from all levels are struggling when solving word problems. Most of the error patterns are caused by lack of understanding and transformation skills. To circumvent this scenario, the study investigated the diverse errors of the students through the use of Newman Error Analysis method. Student self-assessment method was used for them to evaluate their own errors and make their own modifications for them to reflect and to sustain their mathematical skills whenever they encounter various number problems. The quasi-experimental design was utilized. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics: percentage and frequency. The average pretest and posttest scores of the 179-students participating in the action research project were 4.66 and 8.54, respectively. Therefore, the study shows that there is a marked increase of 3.88 in the pretest and posttest scores of students’ after their exposure to the treatment. This study supports the previous work which showed that student self-assessment is extremely useful in helping students remediating their math errors. In order to sustain the learning goals of the students, it should be properly facilitated to come up with a fruitful learning process. Keywords: Education, student self-assessment method, Newman error analysis, quasi- experimental design, Philippines

Young Seafarers on Board International Vessels: What Life Has Been Emeliza T. Estimo ORCID No. 0000-0001-8525-6459 emelizaestimo22@gmail.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:51 - 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Special project cadets are exposed to various experiences as they embark onboard international vessels during their Onthe-Job Training for 12 months. With the aim of getting authentic information relative to their actual lived experiences away from home, this descriptive study sought to determine the problems encountered by company scholars and their coping strategies particularly at work and in their social interaction with their fellow crew. A survey questionnaire and an interview guide were employed in gathering data. The respondents of the study were 47 First-Class NSA and ODFJELL Engine cadets who have returned from their 12-month apprenticeship. Findings of the study revealed that vulnerability to difficult situations, homesickness, and assigned tasks not relevant to their field of training were common prevailing problems among NSA and ODFJELL cadets. Being new onboard, their coping mechanism borders on submission by understanding, accepting, and respecting whatever was placed on them by their superiors. Hence, conducting seminars on dealing with difficult and stressful situations, debriefing and post evaluation is recommended. Keywords: Social sciences, seafaring industry, lived experiences, On-the-Job Training, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Study Habits and the Factors that Distract the Concentration of La Salle University Froshies Anna C. Bocar ORCID No. 0000-0002-3895-7567 acb502011@yahoo.com La Salle University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The objective of every student to be outstanding in the class is attainable when this is paired with good study habits. There are students who garnered exceptional ratings while some failed in their class performances. Human beings experience disturbances and students are not exempted from these which could be considered distractions in their studies. Utilizing the descriptive survey design, this study investigated the extent of respondents’ study habits and the factors that distract their concentration. The questionnaires were administered to the randomly selected officially enrolled froshies who are taking board programs. The weighted mean, frequency and percentile distributions were determined. The findings disclosed that the respondents’ study habits are good enough to some extent but they still need to develop and widen their skills in some areas of their studies. Though there is none of the factors utilized in this study that distract respondents’ concentration at all times, they should exercise more sensibility and interest in their classes since this may lead to academic failures. Proper adjustment to other items of distraction should also be done to achieve good results. Keywords: Education, study habits, factors that distract concentration, descriptive survey design, Philippines

Factors Affecting Students’ Decision on Dropping out of School Hermogenes C. Orion, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0003-1122-0298 orionjrh@cjc.edu.ph Cor Jesu College, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The study aimed to find out the reasons why students drop out of school and the factors that relatively contribute to the high dropout rate. This was done in order to provide a program design and address the problem. It utilized descriptivecorrelational research design. Results revealed that financial resources were considered the major reason why students drop out of school. The test of difference of the factors affecting the students’ decision to drop out of school by the number of times they dropped out from SY 2010-2011 to SY 2012-2013 showed significant difference in terms of policies and practices, student-teacher relationship, financial resources and academic performance except for the nature of the curriculum which shows no significant difference by the number of times the students dropped out during SY 2010-2011 to SY 2012-2013. Age, civil status and sources of tuition payment are contributory factors that lead students to drop out of school. The students’ decision on dropping out of school in terms of the five indicators, including age, civil status and sources of tuition payment do not significantly relate to students’ dropout of school from SY 2010-2011 to SY 2012-2013. Keywords: Education, students’ decision, drop out dilemma, descriptive-correlational comparative study, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Family Involvement and Practices in Special Education Classes: A Case Study on SPED Program of West City Central School, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines Joanna Ruby Regalado Lago ORCID No. 0000-0003-4031-2845 juving24@yahoo.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:51 - 6:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 A quality education and successful school setting were achieved when families-teachers-community collaborate for one common goal. The study aimed to assess the family involvement challenges and practices in the education of learners with special needs. It was focused on West City Central School, Cagayan de Oro City. The objectives were to determine whether the school met the state standards, had a written school policy for families, how families’ were accepted and treated, and the barriers to families’ involvement. To achieve the objectives, survey research design was used. A total of 47 respondents: forty (40) parents and seven (7) teachers of learners. Random sampling was used to come up with the samples. There were survey questionnaires administered to the respondents. The methods used were qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The findings revealed that families were given opportunities to get involve in school programs and activities; diverse families were welcomed; there were minimal opportunities on family education; only few school policies were created and explained to the families; and not all families’ needs and state standards were met. The recommendations were families should receive adequate and relevant education workshops/trainings; regular family-teacher conferences; and increase the family involvement opportunities in all aspects. Keywords: Special Education, case study, parents’ involvement, family relationships,

Motivations for Green Business in Attaining Corporate Sustainability Maria Victoria U. Sy ORCID No. 0000-0003-1017-7275 marivic125@hotmail.com University of San Jose Recoletos, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Corporate orientation on “ecological sustainability” and the operative process of “green business” have become the universal mantra for many organizations over the past decade. Companies not only seek to comply with environmental regulations, but most importantly, adopt green business initiatives to enhance sustainable development and attain environmental stewardship. The environment is one of the three pillars behind the business contribution to sustainable development hence; protecting the environment has prodded more companies to adopt green business to become more environmentally responsible. This study investigate the influences of organizational motivations which prompted companies to embrace “green business” leading to the attainment of sustainable business practices. It employed the quantitative method of research, specifically the descriptive survey to collect data from the five companies. Secondary data were gathered from the interview results and official publications provided by the participating organizations. Three companies are located in the Philippines while the other two are based in Thailand. The results of the study disclosed that the business organizations were largely influenced to pursue green business due to legal and economic factors. This study applied the motivational perspective in examining how certain factors influenced five entities to adopt the green business concept. Keywords: Green business, motivations, corporate sustainability, sustainable development, natural environment, Philippines, Thailand

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Relational Benefits Analysis of Credit Delivering Services for Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia Tatik Suryani ORCID No. 0000-0002-7472-9617 tatik@perbanas.ac.id STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Relationship marketing is one of the key success factors for maintaining the customers in the long term and for gaining business competitive advantage. In banking industries in which one of services is delivering credit to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the way to maintain this segment is very important. In order to be able to formulate the valuable marketing strategy, the bank should know the relational benefits which SMEs need for credit service. The objective of this study is to explore the benefits the SME segments need since they apply credits until using it for developing their business. In Indonesia, SMEs are located in different regions with different behaviors. Therefore, the benefit analysis should be conducted separately based on these regions. This research took 265 SMEs, with 15 variables for analysis. The results show consistency with the previous studies. There are three benefit factors SMEs need: confidence benefits (50, 46 %), social benefits (11, 16%), and special treatment benefits (7, 87%). Based on discriminant analysis, it shows that confidential benefits and social benefits can differentiate significantly among these segments based on the regions. It implies that bank should treat differently when delivering credit services to SMEs segment based on the regions. Keywords: Marketing management, relational benefits, confidence benefits, social benefits, special treatment benefits, descriptive discriminant analysis, Indonesia

Latent Errors and Organizational Crisis: Types, Conditions, and Implications Sunia Fukofuka ORCID No. 0000-0001-8564-5497 fukofukas@aiias.edu Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Analysis of major organizational crisis incidents, regardless of the nature of the industries in which it occurs, has consistently found that latent errors play a massive role in the events leading up to the actual incident. Latent errors are the existence of gaps between what is and what should be with no immediate adverse consequences. Though well-known to practitioners, its persistence even in today’s organization is somewhat perplexing. This study aimed to: 1) define latent errors; 2) identify types of latent errors; 3) describe conditions that become rampant in the system; and 4) define their role in organizational crisis in the hope that practitioners can minimize their occurrences thereby lengthening the dormancy period. This was done through employing a grounded theory approach in which the following organizational crisis incidents – the sinking of the MV Princess Ashika (2009); the infamous 9/11 (2001); the collapse of Barings Bank (1995); and other crisis incidents discussed in the literature. Keywords: Organizational Management, organizational crisis, latent errors, grounded theory, Barings Bank, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

The Traffic Signalization in Davao City: Its Impact to Stakeholders’ Quality of Urban Life Renan P. Limjuco ORCID No. 0000-0002-1812-8673 ren02lim@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Traffic signalization is a process that needs to be periodically assessed to describe its impact to various stakeholders of urban places. This investigation aimed to provide essential empirical data and information about existing traffic conditions, population growth, traffic accidents, and other issues associated to traffic signalization as observed by stakeholders pertaining to the efficiency, effectiveness and necessity of traffic signals in Davao City. The study used descriptive design, specifically survey and correlation, to collect relevant data to address the issues. Researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.88 was administered to 400 respondents. Observations of actual traffic scenarios were done in 10 select intersections. Findings revealed that traffic signalization in Davao City is necessary because it provides orderly movement of traffic; increases the traffic handling capacity of intersections; reduces frequency of accidents; coordinates traffic signals consistently with one another, and regulates traffic flow in the intersections. Further, findings of the study established that traffic signalization in Davao City is efficient and needed by various stakeholders. There is a high correlation between levels of efficiency and necessity of traffic signalization but there is no significant association between the levels of effectiveness and necessity of traffic signalization. Keywords: Engineering, traffic signalization, stakeholders, urban road life, efficiency, effectiveness, necessity, descriptive design, Philippines

Julian Calendar and Gregorian Calendar Algorithms Ismael T. Fortunado ORCID No. 0000-0002-1837-6423 smile_macky@yahoo.com WNS World Choice Travel, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Before the use of the Gregorian calendar, the Julian calendar was used. The two calendars were studied. The author derived algorithms for the Julian calendar in Anno Domini (AD) and the Gregorian calendar; conversion for the two calendars were derived. Algorithms for converting a Julian calendar date into a Gregorian calendar date and vice versa were derived. Ordinal numbers of dates in AD were solved using an algorithm. Dates of ordinal numbers were also solved using an algorithm. There were sample problems to check the accuracy of the algorithms; the algorithms are correct. Keywords: algorithm, Anno Domini, calendar, formula, Gregorian calendar, Julian calendar

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Location Model in an Emergency Medical Services System of Davao City, Philippines Apolinar T. Paulican ORCID No. 0000-0002-5394-8976 polin_poli@yahoo.com Mountain View College, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is a vital part of health care which often means a difference between the life or death of a patient. Unfortunately, EMS in the Philippines is often inadequate to respond within the ten-minute standard response time. This is of special concern especially with the increasing demands for EMS of the growing population. This study aimed to develop a model for EMS using Davao City, Philippines as the study site. It presented a mathematical model for an ambulance station network that considers the response time standard while maximizing the demand coverage. Results show that the present single EMS set up for Davao City (code: Central 911), covers only 39.45% of the entire demand of the city. However, using the Maximum Coverage Location Problem (MCLP) model without counting the existing one, the model yielded a network of 12 ambulance stations with the designated places to fully cover the medical demands of Davao City, Philippines. It is concluded that this formula can be used as a basis for the establishment of Emergency Medical Services in other cities in the Philippines as well as in other nations. Keywords: Mathematics, mathematical modeling, adequacy of emergency medical services, Maximum Coverage Location Model (MCLP) formula Mathematical Model, ambulance network station, response time, descriptive design, Philippines

Deconstruction of Modern Accounting Ideology Nanang Shonhadji ORCID No. 0000-0001-6697-3209 nanang@perbanas.ac.id STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Accounting formed by ideological environment can affect the psyche and mindset of accounting while modern accounting is currently assessed as a subsystem of the ideology of capitalism that promotes the interests of the owners of capital. This study aimed to construct the concept of ideology through modern accounting of capitalist ideology directed towards ideology need. This non-mainstream with postmodern paradigm is used to construct the ideology of accounting practices to better fit with the values of the East. The analysis was started by identification of sites, and these were constructed to get new ideology of accounting. Finally, the reflection was done. The financial accounting practices were used as primary data. The findings showed that when accounting was born in a capitalistic environment, the information contained capitalistic values. Then economic decisions and actions taken also contain capitalistic values. Finally, the reality of capitalist that referred to capitalist power network is created. This power ultimately binds; it is also twisted in capitalism. Therefore, it needs an accounting ideology concept to deliver spiritual and universal values. Spiritual values are manifested in the concept construction as a result of deconstruction of capitalist accounting ideology e.g., monotheism and trustworthy which is the basis of the accounting profession thinking. Keywords: Accountancy, ideology, capitalist, spiritual-universal ideology, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Financial Management and Institutional Performance of State Universities and Colleges in the Bicol Region Edgardo B. Uvas ORCID No. 0000-0003-4059-0829 edgardo.uvas@yahoo.com Central Bicol State University of Agriculture- Sipocot, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Educational development is equated with economic sufficiency and this entails fiscal adequacy for the smooth operation of a learning institution. These institutions need personnel who can handle the financial management tasks with higher degree of efficiency and wise decision making along fiscal matters. The study was conducted to evaluate the financial management system and institutional performance of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Bicol during the fiscal year 2006. The descriptive-evaluative-correlational research methods were used to evaluate the financial management and institutional performance of SUCs in the Bicol region. Data were gathered using structured survey questionnaires which were administered to 56 finance personnel. Actual data from the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) and the respective SUCs in the region were also utilized. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, arithmetic and weighted means were employed to describe the profile of the finance personnel, level of efficiency of financial management system and the institutional performance of the SUCs. Results showed that the financial management efficiency of SUCs in the region was very satisfactory while the institutional performance was rated satisfactory. Furthermore, the study showed that financial personnel of SUCs in the region strictly performed their respective financial functions to effectively implement programs for the attainment of higher institutional performance. Keywords: Financial Management, financial management system, institutional performance, SUCs, fiscal adequacy, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

The Behavioral Consequences of Customers Satisfaction Index in East Java Integrated Licensing Services (PelayananPerijinanTerpadu- P2t) Sukesi ORCID No: 0000-0002-2144-7093 greenpct@yahoo.com Djuwari ORCID No. 0000-0002-2750-3463 STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia University of Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Consumer behavior has become a prevailing topic in service management recently. Doing research on this field benefits the service company. Therefore, any company of service providers can be of good object for the research. East Java Department of Transportation and LLAJ as public institution should care about the customers. Through UPT P2T’s transparency, this institution can provide certainty of completion, processing time, estimated cost and other detailed information with certain service quality. This study was done for two purposes. First, it determined the Community Satisfaction Index of East Java Integrated Licensing Service - P2T Transport Sector. Second, it attempted to analyze the behavioral consequences of Community Satisfaction Index of East Java Integrated Licensing Service - P2T Transportation Sector. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires, using closed and open questions, whereas secondary data were obtained from other parties related to this study. Thus, it is a survey study, by distributing questionnaires with Likert scale. The findings revealed that the average analysis of CSI is classified as ‘Good’ (B), with a value of 78.584. Therefore, this will affect 23 products/types of permits which are available from the four areas of service and the respondents provide spontaneous and positive responses during the licensing process. Keywords: transparency, service, consequences, society behavior, satisfaction index, Indonesia

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Beliefs and Practices in House Construction in Bohol, Philippines Legardo R. Palaca, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0002-0515-8953 legardopalacajr@gmail.com Holy Name University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 4:51 - 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Traditional beliefs and practices still play an important role in modern Bohol especially in building construction in order to make sure that the owners and settlers will be blessed with good health, success and be free from negative fate. This study was conducted to document the traditional beliefs and practices of the Boholanos in Valencia in house construction and to present the precatory rites in the construction of a house in terms of choosing the right place for the construction of a house; date of construction; construction of the first foundation; construction of the other parts of the house; and moving to the house after construction. Qualitative research method was utilized in the data presentation and analysis which was supplemented by using photographs and testimonies of the key informants. The respondents were determined using the purposive sampling technique. Results revealed that the traditional beliefs and practices in house construction are still practiced despite the influence of modernization. The precatory rites are still strictly followed in the presence of a shaman who is responsible to look into the lot suitability for building a house. Hence, it is highly recommended that these beliefs and practices in Bohol should be preserved. Keywords: Social sciences, beliefs and practices, house construction, descriptive design, Philippines

Socio-Cultural Practices of Indigenous People in Carol-an Eleanor F. Castro ORCID No. 0000-0003-0306-4037 eleanorcastro37@yahoo.com Central Philippines State University, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Anchored on Republic Act No. 8371 that recognizes, respects, and preserves the culture, traditions and institutions of ICCs/IPs, this study described the demographic profile and socio-cultural practices of 160 indigenous people-respondents in Carol-an, Kabankalan City who were purposively identified in ten proximate sitios. Qualitative-descriptive methods utilized were key informant interviews and focus group discussion. The result revealed that most respondents were 16-26 years old; lived in the barangay for 31-40 years; female; married; mothers who belonged to a Carol-anon ethnic group; spoke Hiligaynon and Bisaya dialects. Their socio-cultural practices include high respect of family to the father in decisionmaking, communal ownership of tax exempted land. “Kagon” (mediator), the elder, resolved legal disputes. Marriage proposal called “isaka” was mediated by “Dakong Tawo,” (respected elder) and the bride was allowed to marry at age 12. They believed in sacred places and offer sacrificial pig called “Buhat”. The dead were wrapped in bamboo coffin called “Iiya-liya” and brought to “Binangkilan” Cave, the tomb. To them man used supernatural powers known as “antinganting.” The result of the study served as basis for considering these IPs’ rights in the formulation and application of national educational plans and policies. Keywords: Social Science, indigenous people, socio-cultural practices, research and development, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 1 · November 26, 2013

Acculturation of Physical Education Teachers and Their Interest in Teaching Select Philippine Folk Dances Rene M. Babiera II ORCID No. 0000-0003-1326-4622 rbabieraii@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1: Nov. 26, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Folk dance as an academic program has received less attention and interest due to the rise of globalization which in turn makes culture adopt modern behaviors. It is very evident with how people react and prefer modern, pop, and hip hop dances. This study was conducted to find out the acculturation and interest of the Physical Education teachers towards teaching folk dances in the tertiary schools in Davao City. Using descriptive-correlational method, adapted survey questionnaire with mean, t-test and Pearson r as data analysis tools, it was found out that there was a significant relationship between the acculturation and interest level of the P.E. teachers in teaching folk dance. The findings of the study confirm the theory of Kyriacou (1995) which states that acculturation can be considered as one significant factor affecting person’s ability to impart culture through experiences and moreover of the interest in the preservation of its own culture to be able to recognize his national identity. To have an in-depth acquisition of knowledge of folk dance, it is recommended that teachers should update themselves on issues and concerns about Philippine folk dances in order to gain opportunities to develop their skill especially in imparting their own cultural heritage – folk dances. Keywords: Physical education, acculturation, folk dances, cultural dances, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Chitin from Portunus pelagicus (CRAB) Shells as a Potential Adsorbent for Common Water Contaminants Ranel C. Larino ORCID No. 000-0003-0733-003X chemranz@gmail.com Southwestern University, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Portunus pelagicus (crab) shells are considered a delicacy by many throughout Asia. In most instances, the species is highly prized as the meat is sweet. This study was conducted to investigate the common water-contaminant adsorption capacity of chitin from Portunus pelagicus (crab) shells under different concentrations and compare its adsorption capacity with that of standard adsorbents. Demineralization was done to the shells using a standard HCl solution for 24 hours to remove all existing minerals. The demineralization and deproteination processes were based on the methods of Takiguchi. Demineralized and deproteinized crab-shell was subjected to qualitative tests to confirm the presence of chitin using the methods of Campbell and Richards. The percentage adsorption activities were determined by comparing the concentration of the contaminants before and after chitin were added to the solution. It was observed that adsorption activity increases as concentration of chitin increases. Thus, it is more effective in higher concentrations. The results revealed that chitin from Portunus pelagicus offer adsorption sites for the common water contaminants since it is composed of chitin fibrils, arranged with units of amino groups and oxygen that makes it ideal for adsorbing different materials; hence, it can be an efficient substitute for synthetic adsorbents for common water contaminants for it does not pose any danger to human health. Keywords: Marine biology, portunus pelagicus, turbidity, demineralized, deproteinized, chitin, adsorption, pH, mercury, lead, experimental design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Abundance, Ecology and Fishery of Lobster in Buenavista, Guimaras: Its Contribution to the Socio-Economic Condition of the Fisher Folks Jo Ann T. Gerada ORCID No. 0000-0002-9553-8449 jatgerada@gmail.com Guimaras State College-Buenavista, Guimaras, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Lobster (Panulirus sp.), is an expensive priced marine crustacean both in local and international markets. This study was conducted to determine the abundance, ecology and fishery of Lobster in Buenavista, Guimaras its contribution to the socio-economic condition of the fisher folks. The study utilized descriptive research design. The respondents of the study were the lobster fisher folks. The data gathered were the volume of catch including both male and female; catch size during lean and peak seasons; ecology in terms of zooplankton and phytoplankton population, salinity, temperature, turbidity, water depth; and socio-economic condition of the fisher folks. The statistical tools used were frequency, percent and ranking. Spiny tiger lobster habituated most the area and followed by Bamboo lobster. Catch size of male lobster is higher than the female. The population of zooplankton was higher than the phytoplankton. The salinity for both seasons is almost the same, average at 29 ppt and temperature ranges from 270C to 300C. Water is more turbid during the lean season than the peak seasons, and the depth of seawater ranges from 36 ft to 64 ft. The socio-economic condition of the fisher folks is not good considering the fact that majority of them has monthly income of Php5,000.00 and below. Keywords: Marine ecology, lobster, socio-economic condition, descriptive design, Philippines

Egg Hatchability and Larval Viability of Hybrid Catfish at Different Rain Water Concentrations Romeo D. Caturao ORCID No. 0000-0001-9923-4859 rcaturao_49@yahoo.com.ph University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 A study on egg hatchability and larval viability of hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus + Clarias gariepinus) at different rain water concentrations was conducted in twelve (12) 175 l rectangular plastic tanks in a complete randomized design with three replicates each. Treatment I, 100% rainwater; treatment II, 75% rainwater; treatment III, 50% rainwater and treatment IV, deep well water (control). Total hardness of water media used for hatching eggs was analyzed by EDTA titration method. The fertilized eggs were incubated at ambient temperature (28.0-32.00C) for 24-36 hrs. Oneway analysis of variance was used to analyze data to determine significant difference among treatments at 0.05 level of significance. DMRT was used to analyze significant difference among treatment means. Results showed that treatment III (50% rain water concentration: average total hardness of 55.85+1.26 ppm CaC03) obtained the highest average hatching rate of 70.67+0.90%. Highest larval survival was 79.11+0.97% obtained at same treatment, six days after hatching. Result of this experiment suggests that soft water (0 ppm CaC03) and hard water (113.47-115.25 ppm CaC03) are not suitable for incubation of hybrid catfish eggs. It is recommended that for optimum hatching and high egg viability, water hardness should range from 54.96 to 56.74 ppm CAC03. Keywords: Science, hybrid catfish eggs, water hardness, egg hatchability and viability, experimental design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Heavy Metals in Processed Fish Commercially Available in the Philippines Judilynn N. Solidum ORCID No. 0000-0002-2082-9487 graloheus@gmail.com University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Fish is the staple viand for Filipinos. Unsurprisingly, fish processing becomes a livelihood in the Philippines. Lead, cadmium and chromium contamination in fish may result to adverse health effects. This study aimed to determine such heavy metals in processed fish (dried and smoked) in both head and meat sold in the markets of Metro Manila, Philippines. The levels were compared with each other and with standard limits set by the Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization, and the US Environmental Protection Agency. Using an experimental design, the samples were analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. All processed fish smoked and dried fish samples contained lead, cadmium and chromium. Smoked Bisugo (Nemipterus japonicus) head had lead that went beyond the allowed limit. All dried fish samples contained cadmium beyond the acceptable limit. Smoked Galunggong (Decapterus macrosoma) meat went beyond the acceptable cadmium limit. Chromium in all samples went beyond the acceptable limit. Using Student’s t-test, the levels of lead and cadmium (head, meat) in processed fish showed statistically insignificant difference similar to chromium in smoked but not for dried fish. Hence, all processed fish samples contain lead, cadmium and chromium. The species and body parts with heavy metals beyond the acceptable limits vary. Keywords: Environmental toxicology, acid digestion, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, lead, cadmium, chromium, experimental design, Philippines

Blood Cell Increasing Activity and Nutritional Value of Formulated Suspension from Guyabano Crude Leaf Extract Marilou L. Vicente-Tablizo ORCID No. 0000-0001-8454-4176 mtablizo@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Lowering of blood elements erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes is a major concern in the treatment of cancers. There is a need to discover natural agents that improve blood condition. This study investigated the blood cell increasing activity and nutritional value of a formulated suspension from Guyabano (Annona muricata L., Annonaceae) crude leaf extract. It also determined the extract’s Approximate Effective Dose (AED) and Median Effective Dose (ED50) as erythrocyte, leukocyte and thrombocyte increasing agent. Results show that Guyabano (A. muricata) crude leaf extract was non-toxic even at dose level above 2000 mg/Kg body weight; hence, it can be considered safe, under Category 5 of OECD Guidelines. The AED of the Guyabano (A. muricata) leaf crude extract was 1–3.98 mg/kg body weight and 3.98– 15.84 mg/kg body weight on increasing erythrocytes and leukocytes, respectively; while the extract’s AED on increasing the thrombocytes was indeterminate. As for the Effective Dose on the 50% (ED50) of test rabbits, the Guyabano (A. muricata) extract showed erythrocyte increasing activity at 16.93 mg/kg body weight; leukocyte increasing activity ED50 at 10.60 mg/kg body weight; while thrombocyte increasing activity ED50 at 18.03 mg/kg body weight. The formulated suspension of Guyabano (A. muricata) crude leaf extract contains protein, sodium, iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and phosphorus. Keywords: Pharmacology, erythrocyte, leukocyte, thrombocyte, annona muricata, nutritional value, experimental design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

The Role of MMP8 Enhance Periapical Bone Resorption in Chronic Apical Periodontitis Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum ORCID No. 0000-0003-0787-8935 dawahjuningrum@gmail.com Airlangga State University, Surabaya, Indonesia Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Nowadays, Chronic Apical Periodontitis, closely associated with bacterial infections that result in alveolar bone resorption, still remains a pressing problem. One of the bacteria causing Apical Periodontitis is Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). Component of the Pg such as LPS has an ability to stimulate production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as MMP8 that contribute to the degradation of periapical tissue. However, the role of MMP8 in periapical bone resorption remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of MMP8 in periapical bone resorption. With Post test only controlled group design, 21 of the three groups of male Rat Wistar were subjected. Chronic Apical Periodontitis was induced by exposure intrapulpa injection of 2 microliter PgLPS1435/1450 (1,0μg/ml) in aquades solution for three weeks on first upper molar. Group (P1) inducted LPS Pg, group (P2) got just LPS Pg solution and (Po) as control. After induction each subject was analyzed by MMP8 expression using immunohistochemistry assay. Data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Turkey test statistics. The results showed expressions MMP8 in group P1 which were significantly different from group P2 p = 0,001*(p<0,05). Macrophage expressing MMP8 may play an important role in increasing the destructive mediators in chronic apical periodontitis. Keywords: Clinical laboratory, endodontic, MMP8, immunohistochemistry assay, experimental design, Indonesia

Pre-service Teachers’ Beliefs on Values behind ‘Laskar Pelangi’ Suciana Wijirahayu ORCID No. 0000-0002-6758-2282 sucianawijirahayu@gmail.com Muhammadiyah University of Prof. Dr Hamka (Uhamka), Indonesia Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 One focus of the 2013 curriculum changes in Indonesia is building the character of the nation to face challenges, changes and chances in global sustainability. This study is inspired by Laskar Pelangi, an evocative story about marginalized people pursuing dreams and education, revealing in exciting combination of caricature and literary style by Andrea Hirata (novel and movie) that is successfully attracting Indonesian. The issues discussed in this study are the right and the quality of education; facility versus approaches, competence-based versus values-oriented, process versus product. This study explored: 1) how the conflicts are resolved in the novel and movie and what alternative meanings might be built on it; 2) the beliefs about the values of the pre-service teachers on Laskar Pelangi (both movie and novel). To answer the questions, critical discourse analysis is applied to ‘Laskar Pelangi’ and the pre-service teachers’ presentations related to those two sources. From the very beginning, ‘Laskar Pelangi’ movie exposed the gaps in education world; comparison between modern and postmodern concepts was made. Pre-service teachers’ beliefs on how valuable teachers’ passion and the students’ dream in a very limited situation is one of the findings in this study. The study concludes that local literary works are valuable resources to explore values and characters to be developed in education especially to face global sustainability. Keywords: Education, pre-service teachers’ beliefs, character building, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA),descriptive design, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Personality Traits of Faculty Handling Teacher Education Students Cristina G. Juarez ORCID No. 0000-0002-7403-7207 cristinajuarez89@yahoo.com Central Philippines State University, Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Teachers and learners are related to one another. One would not exist without the other. The success of the school’s educational plan depends on how the teacher performs her duties and responsibilities; how it contributes much to the efficiency and effectiveness in teaching and learning of students for quality education; and how each trait becomes complimentary to each other. This study aimed to identify and match the personality traits of faculty handling teacher education students as they rated themselves and as students rated them. This descriptive study utilized the standard questionnaire taken from DISC-personality-test developed by Geier (2004) using frequency count, percentage and mode. Study revealed that more than half of the faculty handling teacher education students had the steadfast personality trait as in terms of self-rating and students’ perception. They possess traits of being loyal, good and, often avoid avoiding disagreements and conflicts. On the other hand, teachers in KSCD were rated as conscientious. They are those who are accurate, analytical, careful, fact-finder and precise. They are very systematic people; they need a lot of information when performing a project. This matched with the ratings made by their students. The result of this study served as basis for personality adjustments. Keywords: Education, personality traits, faculty, research and development, descriptive-survey design, Philippines

Retired Professional Female Educators in Government Service and the Socio-Cultural Development of Zambales: A Case Study Esmen M. Cabal ORCID No. 0000-0002-6026-7335 esmencabal@yahoo.com Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Iba, Zambales Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Women are partners of men in building a nation. This is clearly stated in Republic Act 7192 otherwise known as “Women in Development and Nation Building Act”. The Act affirms the state’s recognition on the role of women in nation building. The study was designed to find out the contributions of retired professional female educators to the socio-cultural development of Zambales. One hundred retired female educators were interviewed regarding their participation in the socio-cultural development of Zambales. The findings of the study revealed that the respondents were involved themselves in organizing literacy projects; acted as consultants in the different village organizations, consultants of the mayors and other elected officials in their programs and projects; acted as resource speakers in seminars related to education; wrote poems and short stories about Zambales; and initiated cultural presentation that showcases Zambaleño dances, arts, music and literature during town festivals. They also continue to model to the Bayanihan (Cooperation) Spirit in other activities. Greater contribution of female educators is needed in initiating literacy programs. The contributions of retired professional female educators improved the socio-cultural conditions of Zambales including youth development for their increased self-realization, self-valuing and participation in socio-cultural development. Keywords: Social Science, socio- cultural development, retirement, government service, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Students’ Achievement as Affected by the Type of Laboratory Examination in Microbiology Edmerson B. Geronimo ORCID No. 0000-0003-3908-390X edz_geronimo@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:31 - 4:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The effect of the type of test administered to evaluate the learning of the students in their laboratory classes is not given much consideration in planning out the course delivery. Achievement in Ecology Laboratory class is usually measured using the usual pen and paper examinations. This experimental study compared the achievement scores of the students as they were evaluated using two different types of final laboratory examination in the Microbiology. The experiment was conducted among 2nd year BS Nursing and BS Biology students. In each section, one group took the first half of the examination in written form while the experimental group took the demonstration type. For the other half of the test, the two groups shifted type of examination. Mean scores between two groups evaluated using two different types of practical examination were then compared. Results revealed that students had significantly higher achievement scores when they took the demonstration type. A survey on the preferred type of examination was also done which revealed that the majority of the student-respondents favored the demonstration type of laboratory examination in Microbiology. A set of guidelines regarding the conduct of demonstration type of examination was put forward as output of the study. Keywords: Education, achievement, laboratory examination, Microbiology, experimental design, Philippines

Concordance among CPSU stakeholders’ Level of Satisfaction: Basis for Development Plan Alfredo U. Castro, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0002-2800-1529 aucastro0711@yahoo.com Central Philippines State University, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Determining stakeholders’ satisfaction is vital in formulating development plan of the Philippines State University. Hence, the study was conducted to 589 stakeholders that comprised the students, faculty, parents and alumni. Survey instrument was formulated based on the standards of Accrediting Agency for Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP) to determine the satisfaction level of stakeholders in various key indicators such as administration, faculty, instruction, support to students, instructional resources, physical plant and facilities, research, and extension. The study revealed that the average level of stakeholders’ satisfaction on various key indicators was satisfied and the desired expectation was adequately met. However, the student stakeholders’ response showed below satisfaction level on physical plant and facilities and that the desired provision fairly met their expectations. The findings also showed that there was a highly significant difference on stakeholders’ satisfaction level on physical plant and facilities, research and extension and no significant difference on administration, faculty, instruction, and support to students and instructional resources. No concordance among stakeholders was found on their level of satisfaction on instructional resources, support to students, physical plant and facilities, research, and extension. Only one significant factor was extracted from the key indicators. Keywords: Education, stakeholders’ concordance and satisfaction, research and development, descriptive-survey design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Quality Assurance Provisions of Cor Jesu College, Digos City: Basis for an Intervention Program Leticia A. Cansancio ORCID No. 0000-0003-1844-9677 lettycansancio@gmail.com Cor Jesu College, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Quality assurance is fundamental in the pursuit of quality higher education. It has a vital role in the success of higher education institutions. The study determined the factors that influence the level of quality assurance provisions of Cor Jesu College along the areas of governance and management, quality of teaching and research, support for students, community relations and management of resources. The study used the descriptive method of research. Universal sampling for the administrators employing the enumeration technique and purposive sampling for the selection of the faculty and students were utilized. The respondents of the study were 13 administrators, 46 faculty and 170 graduating students. The study utilized the Institutional Monitoring and Evaluation for Quality Assurance (IQUAME) framework in determining the quality assurance provisions of Cor Jesu College. The statistical techniques used were weighted mean, ANOVA F-test, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The salient finding of the study revealed that Cor Jesu College has more than complied with the minimum requirements of CHED, PAASCU and IQUAME standards. In conclusion, Cor Jesu College has provided the quality standards in terms of community relations, management of resources, and support to students, governance and management and quality of teaching and research. Keywords: Management, quality assurance, IQUAME, monitoring and evaluation, standards, descriptive design, Philippines

Filipino Seafarers’ Lived Experiences towards a Wellness Model Rolando A. Alimen ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3040-9339 ralimen@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:51 - 6:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 This study described the lived experiences of the Filipino seafarers relating to stress, stressors, and coping responses leading to the design of a biopsychosociospiritual approach comprehensive wellness program. This study was anchored on Van Manen’s phenomenological theory of lived experiences, which is both the “description of the lived-through quality of lived experience and the description of meaning of the expressions of lived experience.” Interviews, questionnaires, and focus group discussion were used in gathering the necessary data. Case study was utilized as research methodology. Results revealed that: 1) the seafarers have experienced disturbed sleep, headache, and depression, as their main stress experiences; 2) the seafarers’ stressors experienced were delayed promotion, insufficient income, and children’s poor health and poor performance; 3) the seafarers’ coping behaviors were praying, talking with friends or shipmates, and viewing movies. The seafarers’ autonomy was determined through the design of the wellness program to improve their life and their well-being not only for themselves but for their loved ones. The Comprehensive Wellness Program for the Filipino Seafarers: a Biopsychosociospiritual Approach was designed utilizing the results obtained. Keywords: Social Science, lived experiences, seafarers, stress, stressor, coping response, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Poet of the Revolution: A Neo-Marxist Reading of the Poems of Andres Bonifacio John Rey Aleria ORCID No. 0000-0002-9566-084X jaleria@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Andres Bonifacio is a household name in the history of Philippine archipelago. His name has been included into many discussion and contro versies revolving over his identity as the Father of the Revolution and being the founder of Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangag Katipunan (KKK). His poems serve as legacies that can unlock what kind of person he is. Through his poems, he expressed reflections about the situation of the Indios during the time of the colonization and the rage of the revolution. This descriptive study analyzed four selected poems of Andres Bonifacio and sought to find a new insight into the poems through a Neo-Marxist perspective using a Neo-Marxist lens, specifically the theory of cultural hegemony by Antonio Gramsci. Based on the content analysis of his poems, it was found out that Bonifacio was affected by the false consciousness propagated by the colonizers during the Spanish settlement in the country. It also answered the question whether Bonifacio is a patriotic man or a nationalistic hero who offered himself for the independence of the Philippines under the bondage of the Spanish rule for 333 years. Keywords: Literature, revolution, neo-marxism, poems, Andres Bonifacio, descriptive research, Philippines

Exploring the Peter Effect in Teacher Educators’ Knowledge and Ability in Reading Instruction Kerstin Gavina Fresita A. Pedroza ORCID No. 0000-0002-7287-1740 gavinafresita@gmail.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Research show that children’s brains are not automatically wired for reading; they need systematic assistance to become successful readers. Children who start off with poor literacy skills can remain poor readers. Thus, reading teachers have to be equipped to teach these skills. This study primarily determined whether the teacher educators possess the knowledge and ability in reading instruction and if their knowledge and ability are carried over to their teacher candidates. The study used descriptive design. In gathering the data, a questionnaire adopted from Binks (2008) was utilized. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used in analyzing the data. The findings revealed that the teacher educators perceived that their knowledge and ability in reading instruction is moderate while that of the teacher candidates is very good. The results on the knowledge and ability in the basic language constructs showed that both groups of respondents fared poorly. Hence, the study concludes that the gaps in the knowledge and ability of the teacher educators were carried over to their teacher candidates. It is therefore recommended that a thorough review of the teacher preparation curriculum should be in order. Keywords: Education (Reading), reading instruction, language constructs teacher educators, teacher candidates, knowledge, ability, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Students’ Attitudes towards Learning English and their Listening Skills: Implication for English Language Development Program Etchel B. Palma ORCID No. 0000-0002-1087-0961 etchelpalma@yahoo.com Iloilo State College of Fisheries-Dumangas, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Learning a second language like English requires proper attitude and listening skills. This descriptive-correlational study determined the students’ attitudes towards learning English and their listening skills. The data were gathered using a questionnaire and a listening test administered among 84 first year College of Education students, and were analyzed and interpreted utilizing the mean, frequency count, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance and Pearson’s r with Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software. The results showed that when taken as a whole group, students’ attitude was less positive, while their level of listening skills was very satisfactory. No significant differences in the students’ attitudes towards learning English and in their listening skills were noted, when students were classified according to the categories of the variables such as age, gender and course. No significant relationship between students’ attitudes and listening skills was also noted. These findings revealed that the less positive attitude of students towards learning English and their very satisfactory listening skills’ level could have been brought about by other factors. Thus, an English language development program must be implemented in the campus to provide opportunities to improve attitudes and maximize or enhance listening skills of the students. Keywords: Language, English as a second language, attitudes, learning, listening skills, English language development program, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

The Potential of the Province of Antique as a Tourist Destination Lovella C. Flores ORCID No. 0000-0002-9002-4115 loveflores72@yahoo.com University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Tourism in the many countries all over the world has become popular as there are many people who love to see new places, people and culture. This study was conducted to determine the potential of the Province of Antique as a tourist destination. The qualitative methods of research were used in this study. Data were taken from the provincial tourism office and other related sources. Personal interviews, FGD and environmental scanning analysis were used in order to get a clearer picture of the tourism program and the different potential sites. Result showed that in terms of location, attractions, products, mode of transportation, lodging facilities, food establishments, and security and safety, Antique is a potential tourist destination. The different marketing strategies implemented by local tourism sector to promote Antique as a tourist destination focused on environmental preservation and management. Environmental scanning and analysis revealed that the province of Antique’s operations and management aspect were very weak. In the external environment, competitive forces, government laws and regulation board are a big challenge. Based on the results, Antique could be a tourist destination and is worth marketing considering its rich resources, both natural and man-made. With good promotional strategy, tourism in Antique can boost the standard of living of the people and help contribute to the economy of the province in particular and the country in general. Keywords: Tourism, Antique, tourist destination, potential, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

What Made Them Pay? A Case Analysis of Business and Professional Taxpayers in the Davao Region Kirt Anthony R. Diaz ORCID No. 0000-0001-6945-763X kirtanthonydiaz@gmail.com Cor Jesu College, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 What made some business and professional taxpayers pay their tax obligations while others did not is a continuing problem faced by fiscal managers. According to NTRC, out of the potential tax revenue, business and professional income had the highest tax gap. Using descriptive design, the study was conducted to determine what made business and professional tax compliant pay their tax obligations. Six business and professional taxpayers were interviewed while another six examiners from the Bureau of Internal Revenue participated in the focus group discussion. The data gathered were analyzed by employing Analytic Comparison using Method of Agreement and Method of Difference to determine similarities and differences across cases. Results in the case analysis revealed that business and professional taxpayers comply with their tax obligations because of fear and strong sense of obligation. The trend analysis further revealed that tax audit and tax mapping are the best practices of the bureau that are strongly feared by taxpayers resulting in tax compliance. Based on the findings, it is recommended that prosecution of tax violators be intensified and that probability of conducting tax review enforcements like tax audit and tax mapping be increased. Keywords: Business and Management, professional taxpayers, tax compliance, fiscal management, analytic comparison, descriptive design, Philippines

Determining the Relationship of Stock Market Performance to the Economic Growth of the Philippines (1990-2011) Jerome V. Sobrecarey Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0003-3700-9685 jerome_sobrecarey@yahoo.com University of Mindanao, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The stock market has been widely seen as the most exciting and promising indicator of the economic growth of a country. However, the concerns and controversies on the role of the stock markets on economic growth and development are increasing. Also, studies on this topic showed that there are many potential effects of stock market on economic growth but the effects are of highly uncertain magnitude and conflicting direction. This study examined the relationship of stock market performance to the economic growth of the Philippines. It employed annual time series data from 1990 to 2011 using secondary data to fill this significant research gap. The Granger Causality has been carried out following the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test for it is relevant with time series variables. It assessed whether there is any potential predictability power of one indicator for the other. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was adopted as the dependent variable; the independent variables include Market Capitalization (MC) and total Value of Shares traded (VST). The study showed that the Market Capitalization has no relationship with GDP. Likewise, Value of Shares traded has no relationship with GDP since the values exceed respectively the specified significance level. Keywords: Social Science, stock market, GNP, economic growth, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Telescoping Nursing from the Cultural Lens of Pinatubo Aetas Jestoni D. Maniago ORCID No. 0000-0002-7084-8045 maniagojestoni@rocketmail.com Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Iba, Zambales, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Understanding the concept of nursing in a transcultural context is necessary in the practice of nursing caring. This study took the lead in exploring the perspectives of Pinatubo Aetas towards nursing. Participant observation is the primary part of the methodology. The ethnographic interview in which the purpose is to discover cultural meanings which exist within social group of Aetas, emphasizing interaction, social cntext and social construction of knowledge was also utilized as the method of research. Three themes were identified as: “yataw madam na nakaputi” (a madam on white), “an pag turok nin gamot” (one who injects a medicine) and “an paguluwan la kami pirmi” (always scolds us). These themes were seen to negatively influence their health seeking patterns and impinge the continuity of care. The study confirmed that the nursing perspective of Aetas is confined to the white label tag and female dominance of nurses, technical aspect of injecting medications and the pugnacious attitude that may actually contribute to the discriminating stigma attached to these indigenous people. The focus for nurses is to establish a culturally sensitive nursing approach that will revolutionize the advocacies of the profession and reengineer the landscape of nursing perspectives towards caring of indigenous people. Keywords: Gender and development, transcultural nursing, concept of nursing, ethnonursing, aetas, descriptive design, Philippines

Students’ Perception towards Premarital Sex Noeme C. Perez ORCID No. 0000-0003-4725-5791 chique134@yahoo.com ANNA C. BOCAR ORCID NO: 0000-0002-3895-7567 La Salle University, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Teenagers are vulnerable population to engage in pre-marital sex. It can be observed that some students discontinue their studies due to early pregnancies. This fact is alarming which needs attention. This study examined the insights of the college students on pre-marital sex. The source or from whom the respondents’ obtain much of their information about sex was also investigated. The descriptive survey design was utilized. The survey questionnaires were administered to the 120 students. The frequency and percentile distribution was used to interpret the gathered data. The results revealed that the males expressed their perception as slightly conservative towards pre-marital sex, while females conveyed their opinion of conservativeness. Consequently, in this permissive point in time though the respondents are at their late adolescence stage, they did not absolutely submit to the liberal view of pre-marital sex. To some extent quite a lot of the respondents did not agree to pre-marital sex. The inherited values of conservativeness are still present in the minds of the young respondents. In addition, the source of respondents’ information about sex also vary; males articulated that they got much of the information from mass media while the females rated the school significantly as the source of information about sex. Keywords: Social Sciences, perception, premarital sex, students, sources of information, descriptive survey design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Anxiety and Its Relationship to Glucose Level among Medical Laboratory Science Students of the University of the Immaculate Conception Ace Ronald C. Sarabia ORCID No. 0000-0002-7374-1841 acermt_uic@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Anxiety is a state apprehension, uncertainty, fear resulting from the anticipation of a realistic fantasized threatening event or situation. It often impairs physical and psychological functioning. During examination, the students often feel mixed emotions of fear, nervousness, difficulty in breathing, indigestion, among others. Anxiety is considered a problem when symptoms interfere with person’s ability to sleep or otherwise function. This study emphasized the relationship between anxiety and glucose level of the third year medical laboratory science students of the University of the Immaculate Conception which was assumed to have a correlation. A survey questionnaire was used in gathering the desired data. Blood collection was done for four times a week before the examination, a day before, during and a week after the examination. Random Blood Glucose Test was used to measure their glucose level while Beck Anxiety Test was used to determine their anxiety level. Two-tailed test was used to determine the correlation of the two variables which are the anxiety level and the blood glucose level. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between the glucose level before, during and after the academic examination. Keywords: Medical laboratory science, anxiety, glucose level, students, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Physical Fitness Activities of the Faculty Members of the University of Southern Mindanao: Basis for Physical Fitness Program Gelsa S. Gelacio ORCID No. 0000-0002-4512-4117 princes.gels@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:51 - 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Physical fitness is the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor, alertness and without undue fatigue to enjoy leisure time pursuits and to meet unforeseen emergencies. Thus, any improvement in an individual’s fitness improves his or her health and well-being. This study evaluated physical fitness activities that can be used as basis of designing a physical fitness program for the faculty members of the University of Southern Mindanao. It utilized the descriptive survey method. To determine the physical fitness activity indices of the faculty members, a questionnaire adopted from Baecke et al. was used. T-test was used to compare the physical fitness activity indices of USM faculty members according to sex, age and designations. The findings of the study revealed a high significant difference on sports and leisure activity between male and female. A significant difference in the physical fitness activity of the faculty without administrative designations and faculty with administrative designations in terms of work activity was also found out. This implies that faculty with and without designations have the same measure of physical activity on leisure index. Keywords: Physical education, fitness program, faculty members, activity indices, descriptive-comparative design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Effect of Instructional Materials on the Freestyle Swimming Performance of Maritime Students Joecil Toriano-Solidarios ORCID No. 0000-0003-2577-6043 joecilsolidarios@gmail.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Swimming is a skill that must be acquired to improve health and avoid the dangers of drowning. Apart from these benefits, swimming is also considered by many a good activity that enhances one’s stamina. Along this line, this quasiexperimental study was conducted to determine the relative effectiveness of instructional materials in improving the freestyle swimming performance of maritime students of John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation in Bacolod City for SY 20122013. Employing the non-equivalent control group design, this study classified the group of participants on the basis of their initial swimming performance. Library and Internet research was the primary technique used. A researcher-made instrument was employed in the conduct of the study. T-test was used in determining the significant difference between dependent and independent samples. The study revealed a significant difference in the swimming performance of students exposed to the instructional materials and those who were taught using the traditional approach. It is concluded that the application of instructional materials is more effective in developing mastery of specific swimming skills than the use of the usual traditional method. Utilization of these materials is recommended to augment instruction specifically on freestyle swimming. Keywords: Physical Education, effectiveness, instructional materials, quasi-experimental, Philippines

Effect of Sin Tax Law to Health Campaign against Smoking and Drinking Jesse Pajila Red ORCID No: 0000-0002-1415-6124 jesse.slsucoam1993@gmail.com Southern Luzon State University-Lucban, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Various campaign strategies are being formulated in an attempt to control the rampant use of vices and one of which is the Sin Tax Law. This research was focused on the assessment of the effect of Sin Tax Law to campaign against smoking and drinking in Atimonan, Quezon, Philippines. Descriptive design was utilized throughout. Library and Internet research were used. Weighted mean and frequency percentage were used in the statistical treatment of data. The findings revealed that the respondents greatly believed that Sin Tax Law taught people how to use their money wisely on other necessities. However, the respondents hesitated that Sin Tax Law discouraged the use and selling of such articles related to vices nor it activated health consciousness of the society and reinforces other health campaigns against vices. Hence, it is concluded that Sin Tax Law brought no effect on the campaign against use of vices. Keywords: Public Health, Sin Tax Law, health campaign, smoking, drinking, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Waste Management Issues, Problems, and Practices among Residents at Barangay Banago, Municipality of Caluya, Province of Antique, Philippines Rudy Perez John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:51 - 6:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 This study aimed to determine the different issues, problems, and practices on waste management of the residents at Barangay Banago, Municipality of Caluya, Province of Antique, Philippines. The study focused on the waste management practices/activities of the residents as response to environmental environment and concern. Descriptive research design was employed using questionnaire, interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and On-site Inspection (OSI). Participants of the study were 30 fisherfolks/residents of the Barangay Banago, Municipality of Caluya, Province of Antique, Philippines. In the FGD, participants were grouped according to two groups, the young (1 to 10 years) and old (more than 10 years) in terms of fishing experience in Caluya, Antique, Philippines. . Keywords: Environmental Science, waste management, issues, problems, practices, residents, descriptive design, Philippines

Students’ Perception towards Computer Program Piracy as Regulated in the Indonesia Act No. 19, 2002 Concerning Copyrights Djuwito ORCID No.0000-0001-5123-9749 djuwito@perbanas.ac.id Djuwari ORCID No. 0000-0002-2750-3463 STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Legal copyright for any product is regarded as very important topic. Computer softwares are the products which are protected by laws. Some studies on students’ perceptions of computer programs are always related to computer program piracy as regulated in the Indonesia Act No. 19 of 2002. This Act aims to uncover the reason why students commit computer program piracy. This study was conducted to determine the reasons why some students have done so. This study used descriptive-exploratory design. Focus group discussion with 12 select respondents was conducted. The data were supported by those obtained from the related literature. The results showed that the reasons for hijacking the computer program are: 1) economic factors – the price is very expensive as perceived by the students; 2) legal factors – law enforcement is not seriously imposed so that they have views that the surrounding environment shows no one is subject to legal actions when doing piracy; and 3) easy way to get such computer program. Keyword: Social sciences, computer Education, copyright, hijacking, piracy, computer program, Indonesian students, descriptive-exploratory design, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Facebook Data Mining Application for an Automated Tracer Study Daniel Ryan D. Quiño ORCID No. 0000-0001-6573-3174 ryanquino@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Tracer studies are relevant in the investigation of the rapport between higher education and work. They give quantitative data on employment and career, the character of work and related competency, and professional orientation and experiences of the graduates. With the advancement of technology, this study attempted to create a Facebook data mining application for an automated tracer study that will classify the graduates of University of the Immaculate Conception ITE program and provide statistics regarding the location and the nature of employment of the graduates. These graduates are currently registered on Facebook. The study considered certain data mining concepts in automating the tracer study in Facebook by using a 4D software engineering process model. Furthermore, it utilized the ID3 algorithm to identify a graduate of the UIC. The developed program was designed to identify whether a graduate’s work is in line with Information Technology (IT) or not using lexical analysis. Challenges were encountered with the accuracy of the output of the system due to certain factors inherent in Facebook. The study recommends that further research should be conducted to improve the accuracy of the data mining application in particular and to better serve the institution in general. Keywords: Information technology, data mining, ID3, tracer study, social networking website, Facebook, 4d software engineering, lexical analysis, Philippines

Students’ Use of Facebook for Developing Writing Skills and Enhancing Attitudes towards English Learning Ma. Cecilia D. Alimen ORCID No.: 0000-0003-3547-8832 cecilealimen@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Facebook, like other social networking tools, has been recognized as a potential channel for student learning, specifically for developing writing skills and improving attitudes towards English learning. Aside from being used as a communication tool among students as well as their families, Facebook has provided students with the opportunity to enhance their communication skills. This study looked into the college students’ use of Facebook in the development of their writing skills as well as a way of helping them improve positive attitude towards English learning. A questionnaire on the “Students’ Use of Facebook for Developing Writing Skills and Enhancing Attitudes towards English Learning,” was utilized to gather the necessary data. Two hundred students were chosen purposively as respondents of this study. The results can also be used by researchers and curriculum developers in understanding how the social media can influence the way students learn and thus institute reforms for technology integration and use them as a platform for teaching and learning. Keywords: Education, Facebook, writing skills, attitudes, English learning, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Prospective Ex Vivo Determination of Food Glycemic Index by Yeast Fermentation System Mary Jane G. Barluado ORCID No. 0000-0003-1340-0292 maryjanebarluado@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Glycemic Index (GI) measures how carbohydrate-containing or sugary food raises blood glucose. Consumption of high GI food has been associated with many chronic conditions like obesity and diabetes; hence, monitoring of dietary GI is important. However, the standard method to determine GI is tedious and costly as it uses human subjects. This study investigated the possible utilization of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) fermentation system in ex vivo determination of sugar GI. Clonal S. cerevisiae were incubated in separate media containing known concentrations of test brown and white sugars and glucose as reference sugar. The concentrations of the unfermented sugars were measured at 25-minute interval for 100 minutes to plot the yeast response curve to each sugar. Using the standard incremental area under curve (IAUC) and GI formula, the calculated GI for brown, 125, was lower than the calculated GI for white sugar, 132, using the yeast system. This sequence is consistent with the sugars’ published GIs obtained using human subjects. Hence, S. cerevisiea may be developed as a simple alternative system in measuring food GI. Future biotechnology work on S. cerevisiae carbohydrate metabolism and mathematical remodeling of the IAUC and GI formula to suit GI determination using S. cerevisiae system are recommended. Keywords: Biotechnology, glycemic index, carbohydrate, saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermentation, incremental area under curve (IAUC), Philippines

Optimization of the Drying Characteristics of Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Beans by Response Surface Methodology Marife L. Pesino ORCID No. 0000-0001-6218-9134 marifeleonardopesino@gmail.com Central Bicol State University of Agriculture, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Cacao (Theobroma Cacao) serves as an important cash crop for growing countries and a key import for processing and consuming countries around the world. The Philippines’ great potential of competing globally in the world’s supply of cacao products could be tapped and accelerated if given the right technology, particularly the drying process, that is, by viable production of high quality dried beans. This study was conducted to determine the drying characteristics of cacao beans indicated by the drying rate, final moisture content, color, aroma, texture and over-all acceptability. The beans were dried using thin layer drying method following the Box and Behnken design with three independent parameters; drying air temperature, air velocity and loading capacity. Response Surface Methodology was used to determine the significant effects of independent parameters on the responses and for further determination of the optimum drying condition. The optimum drying condition is at 580C drying air temperature, 0.3m/s air velocity, and 6kg/m2 loading capacity. At this optimum condition, drying could be done in just 16 hours by mechanical drying method instead of 3-7 days of traditional sundrying without quality deterioration of cacao beans. The drying curve of cacao beans is best described by the Modified Page model. Keywords: Engineering, cacao beans, response surface methodology, drying, experimental design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

“Tocino” Project: A Mitigating Post-Harvest Technology in Tilapia (Tilapia mossambica) Aquaculture amidst Climate Change Vivien L. Chua ORCID No. 0000-0001-8558-7469 drvchua@gmail.com Sorsogon State College-Magallanes Campus, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 This study was focused on product standardization and verification analysis of the Magallanes Tilapia Tocino Project as a mitigating technology in post-harvest Tilapia aquaculture amidst the threat on food security brought by global ecological crisis. This innovative technology helps address the in-breeding problems on Tilapia production. It answers the problems caused by climate change in aquaculture fishes while generating a unique marinating procedure from the locally grown freshwater Tilapia in ponds. Thorough assessments were done using the Rotronic Aw analyzer which resulted in a moderate iodine in salt. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences observed between treatment groups and treatment 3 (a mixture of 10 kilos fresh Tilapia marinated in 1.3 gallons of buko vinegar for 60 minutes) was the most preferred, thus, the best production procedure accepted by the sensory panel. The product was considered shelf-stable for seven months, once completely vacuum sealed and frozen. Product utilization addressed the problem on fishery losses utilizing Tilapia as one of the prawns, shrimps, crabs aquaculture by-products. The said project offered many advantages to all sectors of the society primarily the marginalized aqua farmers who could adapt the technology for their family consumption as well as to a local entrepreneur who could produce it for profit. Keywords: Aquaculture, tocino project, post-harvest, climate change, tilapia, descriptive design, Philippines

Comparative Performance Effectiveness of the Portable Food Balls Extrusion Machine Ana Maria A. Bonito ORCID No. 0000-0002-9706-8778 anabonito24@gmail.com Central Bicol State University of Agriculture-Sipocot, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 This study developed a portable extrusion machine for food balls products. The study used the Research and Development (R&D) process for it involved the preparation and construction of a finished product that can be used in the field of education. The extrusion machine’s cost efficiency was 10 times better than the manual method but twice lower compared with the commercial machine. There was significant variation in the weights of the food balls produced by the three methods, and the instructional and commercial value of the machine obtained an overall mean rating of 4.46 or very satisfactory. Thus, it is technically feasible to construct the portable extrusion machine in view of the expected functionality of the designed parts, the availability of supplies and materials and affordability of its cost. The construction of the machine requires procedure to follow for ease and accuracy. The portable extrusion machine is superior over the manual method but inferior to commercial units as to production ratio. Furthermore, it is more economically viable to use the portable extrusion machine for small-scale food balls production than the manual method. Potential for technology transfer/generation and business incubation should be conducted before its release in the Philippine market. Keywords: Food Science Technology, portable extrusion machine, research and development, descriptive design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Concepts on Re-utilization of Non-Functional Fluorescent Lighting System and Compact Fluorescent Lamps Jeff L. Homeres ORCID No. 0000-0002-7326-0474 jeffhomeres@gmail.com Eastern Visayas State University, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 3:51 - 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Fluorescent lamps contain mercury which is toxic. When broken, compacted, crushed, or disposed improperly, fluorescent bulb may release mercury into the air, water, and land posing significant threat to people and the environment. The main objective of the study was to apply the concepts on re-utilization of non-functional fluorescent lighting system and compact fluorescent lamp. The study utilized the experimental research design and self-structured observation guide sheet to determine the effectiveness of concepts applied. T-test was used in determining the significant difference of the mean scores. The results of the study revealed that the concepts applied were very effective in driving 10-40 watts tubular fluorescent lamps but only effective in driving busted fluorescent lamps. It is concluded that the application of these concepts will minimize the improper disposal of lamp waste and people will practice the value of reusing fluorescent lighting products to save money, lives and environment. It is recommended that these concepts on re-utilization of nonfunctional fluorescent lighting system and compact fluorescent lamps should be disseminated to the public and repackaging the circuitries of the concepts applied should be presented to funding agencies for commercialization. Keywords: Electronics technology, effectiveness of concepts on re-utilization of non-functional fluorescent lighting system, experimental design, Philippines

The JBLFMU-Molo’s Physical Plant and Facilities Status and Stakeholders’ Observation, Experience and Satisfaction Cicero D. Ortizo ORCID No. 0000-0002-1351-6669 cdojblfmu@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:11 - 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 This descriptive investigation aimed to determine the status of the physical plant and facilities of the JBLFMU-Molo, Inc. as well as the stakeholders’ related observation. Three separate questionnaires were used to draw the data. The respondents were clustered in four separate groups. Statistics used were frequency tallies, means, standard deviations, the One-Way Analysis of Variance and Pearson’s r Alpha. Findings showed that the maintenance requirements of the JBLFMU-Molo’s physical plant and facilities were complied with. The different sectors of the institution were always involved in the planning process for its physical plant and facilities. Different modes of inspection of the physical plant and facilities were utilized. The stakeholders demonstrated a very good observation and revealed positive experiences. Teachers and support staff significantly had more positive experiences, than the students, and are significantly satisfied. Significant positive correlations existed among the stakeholders’ observation, experience and satisfaction. It was further revealed that significant positive correlation existed between the entire stakeholders’ observation and their experience, between their observation and satisfaction and between their experience and their satisfaction. Keywords: Social Science, physical plant and facilities, observation, experience and satisfaction, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Platelet Increasing Activity of Fresh Native Durian (Durio Zibenthus) Hull and Hull Extract on Azathioprine – Induced Rabbits Queen Jane Bacon ORCID No. 0000-0003-4791-8479 qjmb_25@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 4:51 - 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 Diseases associated with low platelet count such as dengue fever have continued to threaten many lives. Severe hemorrhagic stages are expensive to manage as they require blood and platelet transfusion. This study bore out of the hearsay that eating durian increases platelet count. The study investigated the platelet increasing activity of fresh native durian hull and hull extract on azathioprine - induced rabbits. Twelve rabbits were grouped into four and orally fed by gavage with different amounts or concentrations of fresh durian or extract, against the negative control group which received only distilled water at the time of testing. Experiment results show that the approximate effective amount of fresh durian hull is 25-45 grams, while the approximate effective dose of hull extract is 1200 mg/kg in increasing the platelet count of azathioprine-induced rabbits. However, paired t-test and ANOVA of the data showed no significant difference between the platelet counts of the rabbits treated with different amounts or concentrations of fresh native durian hull and hull extract with those that received distilled water as negative control. Thus, durian hull does not have a significant increasing activity in platelet counts of the azathioprine-induced rabbits. Keywords: Clinical laboratory, science, medical laboratory, durian, platelet, dengue, azathioprine, experimental design, Philippines

Human SNPs Resulting in Novel Mutation of HLA-DRB1 Gene in Salivary sIgA Secretion Pratiwi Soesilawati ORCID No. 0000-0002-1141-5645 pratiwi_gunawan@yahoo.com Airlangga State University, Surabaya, Indonesia Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:11 - 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 HLA-DRB1 gene is important for controlling antigen peptides presentation to T cell Receptor that encodes salivary sIgA secretion, in turn, preventing Streptococcus mutans colonization in dental caries mechanism. This study investigated the Novel Mutation of HLA-DRB1 Gene in Salivary sIgA Secretion. It tested 30 patients high (>300ng/mL) and 30 patients low (<300ng/mL) salivary sIgA level, in high sIgA group: five patients match with variant HLA-DRB*1209; 25 with the same SNPs in the exon two of HLA-DRB1 on nt295 (GàC) and nt303(CàG) resulting in missence mutation on codon 99 from aspartat to histidin and silent mutation on codon102. D99H affects protein function. On low salivary sIgA group, nine patients had two deletions of base 136 and bse 153. The frameshift resulted in premature stop codon 61 amino acids downstream: 10 patients had substitutions of G to T (nucleotide position 313); A to T (nucleotide position 314). This group also had 2 deletions of base 136 and 153, leading to frameshift and premature stop codon; nine patients had substitution of G to T (nucleotide position 312) and A to T (nucleotide 314). The variants produced a truncated protein. The mutations, confirming HLA-DRB1 as gene involved in dental caries mechanism and SNPs, may help one in understanding the structure and function of the protein. Keywords: Science, HLA-DRB1, DNA analysis, sIgA level, SNPs, premature stop codon, experimental design, Indonesia

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 2 · November 27, 2013

Optimization of the Drying Characteristics of Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea spp.) Meat and Crushed Meal by Response Surface Methodology Marife L. Pesino ORCID No. 0000-0001-6218-9134 marifeleonardopesino@gmail.com Central Bicol State University of Agriculture, Philippines Day 2: Nov. 27, 2013 • Time: 5:31 - 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 3 The Golden Apple snail (GAS) is an invasive species that causes not only irreversible and considerable economic losses due to its extensive agricultural damage but also health and environmental problems. Based on its global distribution, it earns the designation of being “of highest priority” because of its potential to destroy crops and harm people. GAS potential as non-conventional food and feedstuff has to be maximized to recompense this dilemma, hence, this study. Response Surface Methodology was used to determine the significant effects of independent parameters on the responses and for further determination of the optimum drying conditions. The optimum drying conditions were determined at 97oC, 0.31m/s, and 11.5 kg/m2 for whole meat and 94oC, 0.3m/s, and 12 kg/m2 for crushed meal. The modified Page equation best describes the thin layer drying. The effective diffusivities fall within 8.09 x 10-9 to 1.04 x 10-8 m2/s and 9.85 x 10-9 to 1.04 x 10-8 and the activation energy of 1223 and 2503 kJ/kg for meat and crushed meal, respectively. This information is necessary for the design of artificial dryers. Processed dried GAS whole meat and crushed meal have met the specification standards as prescribed for commercially dried food and feedstuff. Keywords: Engineering, non-conventional food and feedstuff, drying, experimental design, Philippines

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Catholic Identity through the Lens of the School’s Official Website Randy A. Tudy ORCID No. 0000-0001-6535-6129 randytudy@cjc.edu.ph Cor Jesu College, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Catholic identity is a mark which separates Catholic schools from secular ones. One important tool for communicating this marker is through the school’s website. The aim of the study was to look into the official websites of Catholic schools in the Philippines and find out how they explicate their Catholic identity. Using the document Ex Corde Ecclesiae, seven markers were used. It employed descriptive research design replicating the methods used by Gambescia and Paolucci in 2011. The result revealed that the Lead Academic Statement is present in 73 out of 75 schools. This is followed by Affiliation with Sponsoring Catholic Entity with 71, Catholic Heritage with 55, Catholic Service with 45, Catholic Worship with 37, Catholic on Homepage with 16, and Human Resource Page with 0. Overall, 297 markers were counted out of the expected 525. Thus, the schools in the Philippines have explicated Catholic identity especially on the first three markers, but much attention should be focused on the bottom four. The study should also investigate the presence of these markers but should not judge the totality of a particular level of Catholicity. However, the school website should not be underestimated in its role to explicate Catholic identity. Keywords: Social Science, religion, Catholic identity, school’s official website, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Miracles of Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag: Testimonies of the Devotees Roel Palo Anicas ORCID No. 0000-0003-1502-7049 roelpaloanicas@gmail.com; roel@sehai.org Saudi Electronics and Home Appliances Institute, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag (Nuestra Señora de Manaoag) in Pangasinan – an Affiliate of the Papal Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome, has been a place of refuge for devotees who seek miracles. Parishioners, lay ministers, church servers, vendors, people from nearby municipalities and other provinces and overseas Filipino workers also pay tribute to their answered prayers. The study dealt with the testimonies of the devotees of Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag. Qualitative method and an informal structured interview among key informants and devotees were employed. Result revealed that Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag performs miracles, grants requests and wishes; hence, many considered her as mother of help and mercy. The testimonies of the devotees are a strong indication that Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag is faithful as evidenced by several incidents such as granting their personal intentions, special petitions, prayer requests, and healing for the sick. Therefore, it is highly recommended that this study should be included in the website of the Our Lady of the Rosary of Manaoag, so the devotees may learn more about her miracles. Keywords: Religion, miraculous myth, Our Lady of Rosary of Manaoag, testimonies, devotees, descriptive research, Philippines

The Emergence of Authentic Human Person in Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Superman Asisclo M. Abonado III ORCID No. 0000-0002-7496-5070 asis.abonadoiii@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Nietzsche’s philosophical writings are described as atheistic and pessimistic; thus, these contradict the Christian faith. But unknown to prejudiced thinkers and readers, the truth that this philosophy of Nietzsche brings can lead to making man’s existence – meaningful and authentic. This study investigated Friedrich Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Superman. As a qualitative study, it employed Hermeneutics as a method in analysis. The findings revealed that Nietzsche’s concept of the human person refers only to his ‘will to power’ in life. Based on the findings, the Nietzschean human person refers directly to a slave. He is a man who lacks courage in facing life and is dependent and full of guilt feeling. He thinks of himself as nothing and useless, and he only finds meaning in life through the presence of his ideology or god which seemingly makes his life better. Hence, the concept of Nietzsche’s existence of man is coming from man himself. The study, therefore, concludes that superman is not a product of automatic process of evolution. Such a level of superiority is only reached by man who has the courage to revalue all values and respond with freedom to ‘will to power’. Keywords: Philosophy, language and literature, emergence, authentic human person, philosophy of the superman, authenticity, alienation, morality, descriptive design, Philippines.

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

A Web-based Records Management System for the Electrical Equipment and Energy Utilization of the University of the Immaculate Conception Arneda Jean Gonzales ORCID No. 0000-0002-3904-7856 arnedajeangonzales@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Energy is one of the most significant technological challenges facing humanity today. People all over the world have been thinking ways on how to generate more power as well as finding ways on how to utilize it efficiently. This study was conducted to create a web-based records management system for the electrical equipment and energy utilization of the University of the Immaculate Conception’s three campuses, namely: Main, Bajada and Annex. The study used descriptive method and a walk through energy audit. It also used a self-constructed User’s Acceptance Test (UAT) to evaluate the relevance and functionality of the system. One hundred percent of the respondents believed that the system is relevant and functional. It was found out that the results of the system’s computation and manual computation were identical. The highest load in watts are the air-conditioning units (ACU), followed by the lighting load and the least is the electronic weighing balance. It was noticed that some of the ACUs were old model which are less energy efficient than the new ones with an energy star label. All the fluorescent tube used was 40W -T12 with magnetic ballast. The total number of fluorescent tubes is 1,419 and it is estimated to be operating for at least 232 hours per month. Keywords: Information technology, web-based records management system, electrical equipment and energy utilization, user’s acceptance test, descriptive design, Philippines

Stretegic Design of Ict Development at Stie Perbanas Surabaya towards Good University Governance Mochamad Nurhadi ORCID No. 0000-0002-8257-0191 nurhadi@perbanas.ac.id Djuwari ORCID No. 0000-0002-2750-3463 STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The discipline of science in relation to the Information System (IS) has developed very steadily nowadyas. In addition, the effective utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can improve efficiency, in turn, and reduces costs, improve relationships with various stakeholders, generating business solutions, adding value, attractiveness and ties to the community and external parties. It can also create a strategic design to support achievement of all the pillars of development of a college. This study was conducted to develop the architecture of ICT in STIE Perbanas Surabaya. Besides that, this study is also intended to plan a ICT design development. This finally leads to Good University Governance. By using the SWOT analysis of the current ICT application, the college can generate a map of strategies that can be used to create a structured and strategic plan. Draft of ICT architecture is developed using Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP), namely [1] information architecture; [2] The application architecture; [3] information technology architecture; and [4] architecture infrastructure. It creates ICT architecture design, well-structured and strategic so as to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the educational process, teaching, research, and community service. It can also lead the college into Good University Governance. Keywords: good university governance, SWOT Analysis, enterprise architecture planning, Indonesia

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Application of Augmented Reality to English Teaching Jia Rong Wen ORCID No. 0000-0001-9909-4243 jerome@stu.edu.tw Shu-Te University, Taiwan Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 2:51 - 3:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Augmented reality and Xbox 360 Kinect are applicable to designing English learning software. This study analyzed the effectiveness of science and technology e-learning. A four-hour experimental instruction was done. The survey questionnaires were then administered to collect and analyze the learners’ satisfaction. A total of 203 senior high school students in southern Taiwan were selected to comprise the sample in which 200 questionnaires are valid. T-test, One-way Analysis of Variance, and PLS were utilized for the statistical analyses. The findings revealed that: 1) the overall response of the students is “satisfactory”; 2) learning satisfaction of the students with distinct backgrounds (experiences in e-learning and Xbox 360) is significantly higher than that of the ones without such experiences; 3) the constructed research model is reasonable and acceptable, as the latent variables present reliability and convergent validity; 4) the observed variables (system features, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use) showed moderate explanation on the latent variables of learning satisfaction and behavioral intention; 5) perceived usefulness is the major factor in the learners’ behavioral intention, followed by learning satisfaction; and 6) perceived ease of use is considered the major factor in satisfaction. Keywords: Education, technology acceptance model, e-Learning, satisfaction, descriptive design, Philippines

Structural Equation Model on Conceptions of Learning and Approaches to Learning as Predictors of Physics Self-Efficacy Ray Butch D. Mahinay ORCID No. 0000-0001-8506-0712 raybutch.m@gmail.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 3:31- 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Many studies in the past have established the positive association of self-efficacy to academic motivation and achievement. To substantively improve the understanding of learner’s self-efficacy, education researchers must need to explore how it is structured. This study proposed a structural model of Physics self-efficacy (PSE) and outlined its relationships with conceptions of learning Physics (CLP) and approaches to learning Physics (ALP) through structural equation modeling. Three questionnaires were adapted from Tsai (2002) in afield survey that was carried out to 317 fourth year students randomly chosen among seven national high schools in the East district of the Division of Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines to measure the scales on PSE, CLP and ALP. Correlation and path analyses showed that CLP has significant relationship with ALP. Consequently, the ALP also has significant relationship to PSE. Specifically, both the students’ low-level and high-level conceptions of learning physics exerted positive influence to surface and deep motives and strategies in their approaches in learning the subject. Further,the students’ ALP inferred direct contribution to PSE. These results provide valuable information in this area to effusively understand the nature and process of learning physics pertinent to other metacognitive variables. Keywords: Science education, learning conception, learning approaches, physics learning, self-efficacy, structural equation modelling, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Development and Utilization of Strategic Intervention Material in Teaching Select Topics in Genetics Gee Marie S. Binag ORCID No. 0000-0002-6253-3166 geemariebinag@gmail.com Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 3:51- 4:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Abstract-Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM) is to persuade students that Genetics is not a difficult subject but an interesting, challenging. It is fundamentally a collection of just a few concepts, but very powerful concepts that bring insight and understanding to a surprisingly large array of phenomena. This study aimed to develop a SIM in Genetics to carry out the focal goal of the Higher Education which is to have quality instruction, to sustain the educational needs of every Filipino student and to equip educators with the most updated and innovative teaching method. This study used triangulation method, a combination of a quantitative and a qualitative research. The instruments used in the study were pretest and posttest about Genetics. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentage and Paired T-Test. The study revealed that the Posttest mean Score obtained by the respondents was higher compared with the pretest. Furthermore, it showed that there is a significant difference on the mean score between the pretest and posttest of the respondents. It is concluded that SIM in selected topics in Genetics was effective. It helped the students to increase their score in the test. Thus, the study recommends the use of SIM in Genetics. Keywords: Education, strategic intervention materials, Genetics, triangulation, experimental design, Philippines

Board Performance of Marine Engineering Graduates: Benchmarking for Quality and Global Maritime Education in the Philippines Miguel G. Gayo, Jr. John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 4:11- 4:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The study determined the board performance of marine engineering graduates at maritime university (JBLFMU-Molo) in the Philippines. This study utilized documentary survey research method. Document retrieval of the marine engineering students’ PRC board examination results from the Alumni Office and the PRC was done in this study. The respondents (797 graduates) took the Marine Engineering OIC licensure examinations in SY 2009-2010, SY 2010-2011, and SY 20112012. In addition, the study also utilized the 511 respondents who took the walk-in examination system of Philippine Regulation Commission (PRC) for Officer-in-Charge (OIC) dated January 6, 2011 to December 28, 2011 to further establish the presentation of the data. The study used frequency count and percentage for quantitative analysis of the data. The study revealed the status of the board examination performance of marine engineering graduates of John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Iloilo City as Level IV accredited program. This was also the basis for discussing issues and prospects towards excellence in maritime education in the Philippines and South East Asia region. Keywords: Education, board performance, marine engineering graduates, benchmarking, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Ilog Hilabangan Watershed and Forest Reserve Resource: A Socio-Economic Assessment Mae Flor Gregori Posadas ORCID No. 0000-0001-5270-9837 nsca.rdec@yahoo.com Central Philippines State University, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 4:51- 5:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 Watershed serves as a source of water and man’s life support yet its existence is threatened by many factors including human activities. Socio-economic information, however, is lacking. This descriptive study assessed the socio-economic characteristics of human communities and the impact of their activities to Ilog Hilabangan Watershed Forest Reservation in Negros Occidental, Philippines. Survey, Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interview techniques were employed to 336 respondents. Results showed that many parts of the reserve were subjected to increased settlement during the last 3 to 4 decades. About 45% of respondents did not own the land where they live. They earned income below national poverty threshold and showed varying degrees of dependence on forest products and resources. Clearing and converting forest into farm lots, dumping of garbage, charcoal making, quarrying, illegal logging, building houses and structures along the riverbank, diverting river flow to irrigate farmlands and slash-and-burn system or kaingin were issues and concerns adversely affecting the forest. The impact of these human activities therefore contributed to the decline of wildlife and forest vegetation cover. The findings served as bases for policies, programs and projects of stakeholders leading to rehabilitation, protection and conservation of the whole watershed forest reservation area. Keywords: Environmental Science, human activities, watershed, forest reserve resource, descriptive-survey design, Philippines

Waste Plastic as Soil Bearing Capacity Enhancer Renan P. Limjuco ORCID No. 0000-0002-1812-8673 ren02lim@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 5:11- 5:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The necessity of improving the engineering properties of soil has been recognized; therefore, it is very important to find ways to enhance the weak soil, and using plastic waste is one way of doing it. The primary objective of this study is to compare the bearing capacity of the two types of soil (Clay and Item- 201) in different concentrations of plastics, namely, at 0%, 0.5%, and 1%. Primarily, this investigation aimed to compare the California bearing ratio (CBR) of the two types of soil each with three concentrations of plastic. This study made use of the experimental design, specifically posttest design only, to determine the effectiveness of using recycled waste plastic as soil bearing capacity enhancer. Findings revealed that in terms of the type of soil, there is a significant difference in California bearing ratio between clay and Item 201 (p-value < 0.05). On the other hand, the California bearing ratio of the soil samples in various concentrations are not the same. As with the interaction between the type of soil and the waste plastic, a two-way ANOVA reveals that there is significant interaction between them that might have influenced California bearing ratio in the soil (p-value < 0.05). Keywords: Engineering, soil, waste plastic, soil bearing capacity enhancer, California bearing ratio, experimental, ANOVA, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation of Lowland Rice Growers in Bukidnon, Philippines: A Micro Level Analysis Celso C. Tautho ORCID No. 0000-0001-6488-7676 celsotautho@gmail.com Central Mindanao University, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 5:31- 5:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 A long-term change in the earth’s climate is an issue that needs to be addressed by every individual concerned. This study assessed vulnerability and adaptation to climate change which was conducted among lowland rice growers in Valencia City, Bukidnon, Philippines. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the socio-economic and communicational factors, climate hazards, extent of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity as well as the vulnerability index of sample respondents. Multiple regression analysis was employed to capture the factors affecting the degree of vulnerability of rice growers to climate change. The results showed that rice grower respondent were minutely sensitive, low adaptive capacity and the mean vulnerability index was moderately vulnerable to climate change. Among the determinants of lowland rice farmers’ vulnerability to climate change, only age and alternative livelihood have positive significant effects on the degree of vulnerability. The study revealed several farm production practices identified by sample respondents which include the use of stress tolerant varieties, planting of early varieties, improve cropping system, new land management technique, water management technique and shifting of planting dates. A program for reducing vulnerability should include improvement of socio-economic conditions of rice growers which would support the government to understand the attributes of rice growers, plan relevant adaptation strategies and develop risk management programs against climate change. To enhance the adaptive capacity, the ability of the rice growers to gain awareness and knowledge of climate change should be increased. Keywords: Science, climate change, vulnerability index, adaptation, multiple regression analysis, production practices, lowland rice growers, descriptive design, Philippines

Disaster Preparedness of Maritime University in the Philippines towards Mitigation on Global Warming Ronald S. Baynosa ORCID No. 0000-0002-7905-8189 rsyb2000@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 5:51 - 6:10 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 1 The study determined the knowledge and reflection of Bachelor of Science Business Administration (BSBA) on disaster preparedness of John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (JBLFMU)-Molo, Philippines. It employed qualitativequantitative research method in gathering the data. The Disaster Preparedness Questionnaire was used for quantitative analysis using frequency count, percentage, and rank as quantitative statistical data-analysis tools. Narrative write-ups of the students about reflection on disaster preparedness were utilized for the qualitative data. Respondents of the study were 31 BSBA students of JBLFMU, Iloilo City, Philippines. Results revealed the following aspects of knowledge on disaster preparedness: 1) the university’s finance was extended to the students and staff in assisting them during the disaster time; 2) the school had enough fire exits in case of disaster; and 3) the students participated actively and seriously in the conduct of drills to mitigate disaster effects. The qualitative analysis shows the three area reflections on disaster preparedness that need additional attention. These areas are: 1) information dissemination, 2) disaster drills, and 3) adequate disaster-emergency equipment. Keywords : Social Science, disaster preparedness, mitigation, global warming, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Confluence of “Beelief” Apitherapy and Green Psychology: Recognizing Sorsogon Inputs towards Diversification and Value Addition Initiatives Vivien L. Chua ORCID No. 0000-0001-8558-7469 drvchua@gmail.com Sorsogon State College-Magallanes Campus, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:00 - 1:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Both conventional and complementary medicine practitioners apparently believe that the causes and cures for the current ecological problems are to be found in the hearts and minds of human beings. This study examined the confluence between the Sorsogueños passionate love for Mother-Nature and the strong belief that the beehive is the best “Pharmacy” and “Clinic” one could ever find. The descriptive survey method was used. The results revealed that the utilization of various bee products for Apitherapy in Sorsogon is diverse which needs to be mapped out for promotion and marketability. The confluence of the Sorsogueños belief on Apitherapy and Green Psychology was proved very highly correlated; a positive index of relationship existed between the variables using the Pearson’s r Correlation Coefficient. Significant information appertaining to the understanding of environmental attitudes, analyzing ecological self, environmental education and incentives for product diversification/value adding capacity are more needed by the Sorsogon bee farmers than the beekeepers who are directly involved in beekeeping. The conventional practice of Apitherapy requires knowledge of Green Psychology, a positive confluence which is beneficial to human health and thus sustains the bee species and bee industry at large. Keywords: Social Science, confluence, apitherapy, green psychology, beekeeping, diversification, value adding, descriptive design, Philippines

Development and Production of Dupion and Dupion Allied Products Flory M. Libunao ORCID No. 0000-0002-0127-9897 flory.libunao@gmail.com Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:21 - 1:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Dupion is a silk thread reeled from a group of filaments from double and waste cocoons. Dupion is coarser and more uneven than raw silk. The study developed, determined the cost analysis, and documented the fabric features of the different wet processed dupion and dupion allied products produced and commercialized in the market. Dupion reeling was done to use the silk wastes in producing certain types of yarns. In the silk weaving process, products produced differed as different kind of silk, design and its finishing methods were used. Dupion woven fabrics from natural dupion yarn had a stiff and rough texture due to high sericin content remaining during the reeling process. Wet processing of dupion yarn was undertaken to upgrade its commercial value and promote its natural characteristics. The data gathered were tabulated and analyzed using the cost and return analysis. Ten different unique dupion silk fabrics were developed. The cost analysis of each design was computed. The utilization of waste cocoons was promising and important for cocoon processors. It provided additional income and employment. The technology should be disseminated to entrepreneurs and offer acceptable silk products in the market for commercialization. Keywords: Sericulture, dupion, waste cocoon, allied product, quasi-experimental design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Ex Vivo Bioassay-Guided Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity of Sea Grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpaceae) Vivien Leigh Pasicolan ORCID No. 0000-0003-2503-7099 lively_lei@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 1:41 - 2:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The inhibition of platelet and antiplatelet aggregation activities of sea grapes employing Ca2+-induced human platelet aggregation by Giemsa dye in a microplate assay was investigated. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) measured the magnesium content of air-dried (Mg=0.4%) and fresh (Mg=0.06%) samples. Acute oral toxicity test (OECD– 423) categorized sea grapes as non-toxic. Approximate inhibitory concentrations for air-dried (3.98–15.85 mg/mL) and fresh (1–3.98 mg/mL) were pursued. Inhibitory concentration 50 of air-dried (IC50=3.64 mg/mL), in actual, (IC50=6.31 mg/mL, m=100%) and fresh (IC50=1.3 mg/mL, m=65.45%) reveal a significant difference (p<0.01). Meanwhile, the mean percentage platelet aggregation inhibition of air-dried has no significant variation with, Aspirin 6.31 mg/mL (m=100%) and 1.3 mg/mL (m=100%) (p>0.01). These values reflect that sea grapes, with high magnesium content, is a better inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Moreover, air-dried sea grapes (m=100%) produce similar inhibition of platelet aggregation with Aspirin 6.31 mg/mL (m=100%) and Aspirin 1.3 mg/mL (m=100%). Result of the mean percentage antiplatelet aggregation activity for air-dried (m=100%), fresh (m=75.55%), Aspirin 6.31 mg/mL (m=100%) and Aspirin 1.3 mg/mL (m=100%) reflect no significant variation (p>0.01). These values reveal that both air-dried and fresh sea grapes have comparable antiplatelet aggregation activity with Aspirin. Keywords: Pharmacology, Caulerpa lentillifera, antiplatelet aggregation, Philippines

Antibacterial Activity of Avocado (Persea americana) Peel Extract Rvin John T. Servillon ORCID No. 0000-0002-6305-5979 rjean_sheng001@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 2:11 - 2:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The increasing mortality from drug resistant bacteria especially Staphyloccocus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is alarming. Newer, stronger, and expensive antibiotics are formulated which could heighten toxicity to human system. Thus, there is a need to discover alternative medicines from natural resources like plants. This study explored the potential of ripe evergreen avocado (Persea americana) peel extract’s antibacterial property. The avocado peels were subjected to ethanolic extraction. The extract was preliminarily screened for its phytochemical components which were found to be cardenolides, bufadienolides, 2-deoxy sugar, unsaturated steroid/triterpenoid, unsaturated lactone, and flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity of P. americana peel extracts against the reference strains of S. aureus (ATCC 25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27653), Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (ATCC 43300) and five clinical isolates were carried out using the disc diffusion technique using commercial antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefepime as positive control. One-Way Analysis of Variance and Post Hoc Multiple Comparison tests were employed to determine the peels’ efficacy. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) test revealed 17.5µg/mL for S.aureus, 140µg/mL for MRSA, and 35µg/mL for P. aeruginosa. Hence, the evergreen Avocado crude peel extract was shown to be as effective antibacterial agent against the test organisms as the commercial antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefepime as positive control. Keywords: Medicinal laboratory science, phytochemical screening, antibacterial, persea americana, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bacterial concentration, clinical isolate, experimental design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Factors Enhancing Apoptosis in Vivo through a Caspase-3, Bax, PARP-1 and NFkB Expression in Mice Gingival Epithelium Erni Maduratna Setiawati ORCID No. 0000-0003-4119-4414 setiowati_ernie@yahoo.co.id Airlangga State University, Surabaya, Indonesia Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 2:31 - 2:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Agregatebacter Actinomycetemcomitans serotype b in periodontal pockets indicates future periodontal disease progression. A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype-b has virulence factors, such as leukotoxin and cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) which may induce rapid tissue destruction by promoting apoptosis of a number of host cell types. This study tested the hypothesis that periodontal destruction is induced by crude toxin A actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) serotype b based on apoptosis mechanism associated with caspase-3, Bax, PARP-1, and NF-κB expression. Thirty adult mice Swiss Webster strain were randomly divided into two groups (toxin and control). Gingival epitheliums were inoculated with crude toxin Aa serotype b and euthanized at base and 24 hours after inoculation. Apoptotic cells in gingival epithelium were measured by a TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling) assay. The induction of caspase-3, Bax, PARP-1 and NF-κB was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. After Aa serotype b toxin was induced, the apoptotic cell in gingival epithelium was 8-fold higher than controlled mice (P < 0.05). The results show that the induction of caspase-3, Bax, PARP-1 was 2-fold higher and NF-κB was up to 3-fold higher than controlled mice (P < 0.05). Besides, Aa- serotype-b induced periodontal destruction in mice gingival epithelium significantly through a caspase-3- dependent mechanism. Keywords: Science, agregatebacter, actinomycetemcomitans Serotype b, apoptosis, Caspase-3, gingival epithelium, experimental design, Indonesia

Urine Output-Increasing Activity of Formulated Tea from Black Zapote (Diospyros digyna Jacq., Ebenaceae) Leaves Sonia S. Morales ORCID No. 0000-0001-7301-2262 sonia.morales21@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 3:11 - 3:30 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 For over 35 years now, residents of DBP Village in Ma-a, Davao City have been using the infusion of its leaves to relieve certain health conditions which manifest themselves in its most annoying symptom – edema. The study focused on the diuretic potential of the black zapote (Diospyros digyna Jacq., Ebenaceae) leaves when used as formulated tea. The use of Furosemide as the diuretic of choice in combination with other medications has triggered investigation into the possibility of using the tea from black zapote leaves, minus the side effect emanating from combination drugs. Tests on the toxicity and approximate effective dose (AED) of the formulated tea from black zapote leaves were done so that comparative analysis of its efficacy as a potential diuretic can be performed in relation to Furosemide as positive control and purified water as negative control. Healthy, adult male and nulliparous, non-pregnant female Swiss mice were used as test animals in the experimental stages. The tests showed urine output-increasing activity on Swiss mice using the formulated tea from leaves which compared significantly with the tested positive control – Furosemide. The tests using purified water as negative control in comparison with Furosemide and formulated tea from black zapote leaves proved otherwise. Thus, formulated tea from black zapote has a potential as a diuretic. Keywords: Clinical Laboratory, quality control, diuretic, infusion, potency, edema, formulated tea, lab experimental design, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Third Instar Silkworm Larvae Production and Distribution for Sustainable Cocoon Production in Sericulture Francisco V. Gapuz Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0002-4042-2633 franciscogapuz@gmail.com Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 3:31 - 3:50 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Sericulture is a viable agro-based industry supportive to socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. Among the strategies to support its development is Third Instar Silkworm Larvae Production and Distribution. This is the rearing of young age silkworm larvae (1st and 2nd instar) for distribution to the farmers at 3rd instar for them to rear up to the mounting of matured larvae and the ultimate product of the farmers – the cocoons. The DMMMSU-SRDI, through this strategy institutionalized the sustainability of commercial cocoon production by farmer-cooperators. Monitoring of each extension site was done regularly before the synchronized rearing schedule to determine the quantity of silkworm larvae to be distributed. This was done for each rearing period coupled with full technical assistance. The production performance data in each extension site during each silkworm rearing period were gathered and analyzed descriptively. A total of 53.55 boxes of third instar hybrid silkworm larvae were distributed to 13 farmer cooperators in the different sericulture project sites of Region I producing a total of 1,231.7 kg fresh cocoons with varying production capacity and productivity. This indicates a need to fully harness the potentials of sericulture and third instar silkworm larvae production and distribution system as a strategy for sericulture development. Keywords: Sericulture, silkworm larvae production and distribution, descriptive design, Philippines

Campus Journalism as an Intervention Strategy in Communication Arts Loren C. Nono ORCID No. 0000-0003-4093-0395 lorencambelnono@gmail.com University of Northern Philippines, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 4:01 - 4:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Campus Journalism is an intervention approved by the Department of Education to shape learners through writing. The study analyzed the relationship between the quality of school papers and the pupils’ performance in Communication Arts in three districts of Ilocos Sur. The normative and evaluative type of survey was used with a questionnaire translated to Iloco for a better understanding of the 186 teachers, 221 parents and 581 pupils as respondents of the study. Inferences were derived using the Analysis of Variance, and Tukey-Kramer paired comparison test. The level of quality of school paper is “high” in terms of content/coverage, writing, editing and design. The level of performance in English and Filipino is “fair” for Santa Maria and “satisfactory” for both Narvacan and Burgos-San Esteban Districts. The respondents believed that campus journalism develops pupils’ talents in writing and speaking. It is concluded that campus journalism helps develop the communication skills of pupils both in English and Filipino. The study, therefore, recommends that free trainings in campus journalism and free publication of school papers be provided. Further study exploring the effectiveness of school publication in the mother tongue is also recommended. Keywords: Campus Journalism, communication arts, Filipino, English, journalists, intervention strategies, descriptivecorrelational design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Communication and Paolo Freirie’s Liberation in Education Mario C. Mapote ORCID No. 0000-0003-1697-7556 mario.mapote@yahoo.com Isabela State University, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 4:21 - 4:40 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 Reception and transmission process of the mind is reflected in communication which depends on object, medium or symbol something man is familiar with so that he can possibly interpret, understand and comprehend it. Language is the most common form of human symbol man makes use of in communication. Freirie presented two ways of communication. The study aimed to intertwine communication, education and society as a system and criticize it. The study utilized historical pedagogy. Epistemological method was also intertwined with communication. Freirie believes that system of society influences system of education as reflected by the kind of communication used. He believed that only through promotion of dialogue in the communicative process that genuine education can be attained. Today, however, modern societies have revolutionized the role of education sector especially universities towards the society in terms of economics. Global and multinational companies tap researchers and inventors from universities for research and development who could boost technology, production, marketing and profit – in short economy. Thus, the use of symbols and language in education, freedom and liberation in education should be savored and maximized; education should be considered a catalyst for societal change and development. Keywords: Communication, mind, communication, process, language, human symbol, medium, liberation, society, pedagogy, epistemology, descriptive design, Philippines

Core Subjects Achievement and CSAT Performance of Senior Students: An Evaluation of a Private High School’s College Entrance Exam Review Program in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines Anito Ramas Librando, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0003-0088-7118 alibrando@xu.edu.ph Xavier University High School – Ateneo de Cagayan, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 4:41 - 5:00 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 As schools provide the academic environment for students’ development, students still go through entrance examinations for them to bridge that gap from high school to their course choice in college. This paper determined the effect of the core subjects achievement and the College Scholastic Achievement Test (CSAT) performance of students in the areas of English, Science and Mathematics for four school years to come up with a medium-term development plan for a college entrance exam program of a private high school in Southern Philippines. Results on the descriptive means determined the satisfactory levels of achievement and of CSAT performance. Students performed better in English based on both their achievement grades and aptitude scores in CSAT when compared to Science and Mathematics. Through correlation analyses set at alpha level of 0.05, it was revealed that there is a highly significant effect of the students’ academic achievement to CSAT performance. Concurrently, the overall extent of implementation of the program is very good with the areas on program design and program output rated as excellent. It is recommended for the school to enrich curriculum and instruction and to maximize learning by focusing on higher order thinking skills. Furthermore, the said program needs to enhance on areas on implementation and cost-effectiveness. Keywords: educational management, program evaluation, academic achievement, descriptive-correlation, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Concurrent Session Abstracts · Day 3 · November 28, 2013

Outcomes of Accreditation Process on Maritime Education in Western Visayas, Philippines: Response to Globalization in South East Asia Region Zima Guartero-Tarantan John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Day 3: Nov. 28, 2013 • Time: 5:01 - 5:20 pm • Venue: Meeting Room 2 The assessment of the condition among select maritime institutions in Region VI was a significant effort in order to inspire them on getting accreditation. This descriptive study determined the outcomes of accreditation process on maritime education in Western Visayas during the Academic Year 2012-2013. There were 260 randomly select teaching staff as respondents of the study. The descriptive statistics utilized were the frequency count, percentage, and mean. For inferential statistics, t-test for independent samples and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used with significance level set at .05 alpha for two-tailed test. The study found out that majority of the respondents came from the private maritime institutions, offering Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering (BSMar-E), with PACUCOA as accrediting agency. These institutions attained Level IV accreditation status. Significant differences existed in the outcomes of accreditation process of the maritime institutions when classified according to the type of school, maritime program offered, accrediting agency, and level of accreditation. Keywords: Education, outcome, accreditation process, response, globalization, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

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Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines ﾂｷ Nov. 26-28, 2013 ﾂｷ ISSN: 2094-9529

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Theme: Inventions and Research that Define Our Global Sustainability!

IAMURE Member Institutions Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology Cagayan State University - Sanchez Mira Cebu Normal University

Philippine Normal University-Agusan Campus S.T.I.E. Perbanas

Central Mindanao University

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Davao Central College

San Pedro College

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Southern Leyte State University

De La Salle - Lipa Guimaras State College Holy Cross Davao College

St. Peter’s College - Iligan City Surigao del Sur State University Universidad de Zamboanga

John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation - Bacolod

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University of Cebu

La Consolacion College - Bacolod Leyte Normal University Liceo de Cagayan University Lyceum of the Philippines – Batangas Misamis University Pamatasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela

Negros Oriental State University

Asian Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Higher Education (ACMRHE 2013) Manila Marriott Hotel, Pasay City, Philippines · Nov. 26-28, 2013 · ISSN: 2094-9529

University of Immaculate Concepcion University of Mindanao University of Northern Philippines University of San Jose-Recoletos Jose Rizal Memorial State University

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• Samar State University • San Agustin Institute of Technology • San Pedro College • San Isidro College • Silliman University • Siquijor State College • Sorsogon State College • Southern Leyte State University • Southern Leyte State University-Tomas Oppus • Southern Luzon State University-Lucban • Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology • Southern Philippines Medical Center • Southwestern University • St. Mary’s University • St. Paul University • St. Peter’s College - Iligan CIty • St. Therese-MTC Colleges • Surigao del Sur State University • Surigao State College of Technology • Surigao State College of Technology – Del Carmen Campus • Systems Plus College Foundation • Tarlac State University • Universidad de Zamboanga • University of Antique • University of Baguio • University of Bohol • University of Cebu • University of Immaculate Concepcion • University of Mindanao • University of Northern Philippines • University of Saint Louis-Tuguegarao • University of San Carlos • University of San Jose Recoletos • University of Santo Tomas • University of Southeastern Philippines • University of Southern Mindanao • University of Southern Philippines Foundation • University of the Cordilleras • University of the Immaculate Conception • University of the Philippines - Cebu • University of the Philippines - Manila • University of the Philippines Los Baños • Wesleyan University • West Visayas State University • Western Mindanao State University • Western Philippines University • Western Visayas College of Science and Technology • Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan

Theme: Inventions and Researches that Define Our Global Sustainability!