Asian Conference 2012 by IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

International Association of Multidisciplinary Research Philippine Association of Institutions for Research International Accreditation of Academic Journals

Asian Conference Proceedings & Book of Abstracts ISSN: 2094-9529

Renaissance Kuala Lumpur Hotel Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur, 50450 Malaysia

Theme: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Multidisciplinary research for a better quality of life for human societiesâ&#x20AC;? STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Co-hosted by:

Editors

Genaro V. Japos & Irish Jane P. Balios

International Association of Multidisciplinary Research 2011-2013 OFFICERS

PRESIDENT DR. GENARO V. JAPOS LICEO DE CAGAYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES

TREASURER RAMESAN MADAHVI AZADBONI UNIVERSITY OF MAZANDARAN ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

VICE-PRESIDENT FOR ASIA PROF. DR. TATIK SURYANI STIE PERBANAS SURABAYA, INDONESIA

AUDITOR DR. VIPAN KUMAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, NEW DELHI, INDIA

VICE-PRESIDENT FOR MIDDLE EAST NORTH AFRICA DR. LIZA M. GERNAL UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

SECRETARY DR. TERFA KAHAGA ANJOV BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY MAKORDI, NIGERIA

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

PIO DR. TANZILA NABEEL ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS IAMURE OFFICERS 2011-2013

MESSAGES

Dr. Genaro V. Japos

Dr. Zenaida G. Gersana

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Haidar Dziyauddin

Prof. Emeritus Dr. Lim Koon Ong

CONFERENCE KEYNOTE SPEECH

Prof. Dr. Romanus Wilopo

Conference Programme

Asian Research Awards 2012 Board of Judges

Outstanding Researchers of Malaysia

Outstanding Asian Research Leaders 2012

Outstanding Asian Researchers 2012

Asia’s Model President in Higher Education

Asia’s Best Journal Editor 2012

Concurrent Session Papers

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

message Welcome to ACE 2012, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia!

I WARMLY welcome the delegates from 22 countries to the Asian Conference in Education organized by the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) and the Philippine Association of Institutions for Research (PAIR) co-hosted by Associate Professor Dr. Keoy Kay Hooi of UCSI University, Dr. Noor Zahirah Mohd Sidex of Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kedah, Malaysia, and Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani of STIE Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia. This event at the Renaissance Kuala Lumpur Hotel, corner of Jalan Ismail and Jalan Ampong, Kuala Lumpur, has been endorsed by Dr. Zenaida G. Gersana, Director, Commission on Higher Education Region 10, Northern Mindanao, Philippines. We have chosen the theme “Multidisciplinary Research for a Better Quality of Life for Human Societies” to promote the dissemination, collaboration and utilization of research in higher education. The Asian Conference in Education is historic because this is the first time IAMURE and PAIR have organized a conference outside of the Philippines. We have lined up succeeding conferences: International Conference in the Social Sciences, Bangkok Thailand on July 23-25, 2012; the World Research Festival, Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines on August 22-25, 2012, and, finally, the International Conference in Higher Education and Institutional Research, Marina Bay Sands Singapore, October 24-26, 2012. These conferences shall generate scientific papers for the IAMURE International Journals of Ecology and Conservation; Business and Management; Education; Social Sciences; Literature, Philosophy and Religion; Science and Clinical Laboratory; Mathematics, Engineering and Technology; Health Education; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Gender Studies; and, Multidisciplinary Research. I am glad to convey to you that IAMURE and PAIR are undergoing certification processes for Quality Management System ISO 9001:2008 by the Anglo Japanese American Registrars based in the United Kingdom. PAIR passed the stage 1 visit and is recommended for stage 2 in June simultaneous with stage 1 of IAMURE. We have applied for Cross Reference Digital Object Identifier, Barcode by EAN 13, Copyright for every journal volume and Accreditation by the International Accreditation of Academic Journals. We celebrate the achievements of fellow researchers from around the world in the Asian Research Awards whose lifetime of dedication, scientific leadership and productivity influenced the development of a better world. I commend the synergistic efforts of the officers of PAIR and IAMURE. In particular, I am grateful to the help extended by Dr Donna Lou Evasco Neri who was one of the pillars of PAIR and IAMURE and one of the most accomplished researchers in the Philippines. She is now with UCSI University. I also thank and admire the members of the Editorial Board of the IAMURE International Journals. In closing, I bring to you the goodwill greetings of Liceo de Cagayan University through Dr. Mariano M. Lerin, CPA, the President; the 53 colleges and universities of the Philippines which are members of PAIR and the member researchers and institutions of IAMURE from over 50 countries worldwide. Kuala Lumpur is one of the world’s most prosperous cities whose government has adequately supported education in all levels and whose rich traditions, culture and hospitality of its people make our brief stay a rosepetalled memory.

GENARO V. JAPOS President, IAMURE and PAIR

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Republic of the Philippines Office of the President COMMISION ON HIGHER EDUCATION Region X 9000 Cagayan de Oro City

OUR WARM greetings and congratulations to the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) and Philippine Asscociation of Institutions for Research, Inc. (PAIR) for holding the Asian Conference in Education (ACE 2012) on May 28-30, 2012 at the Renaissance Hotel,Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,with the theme: “Multidisciplinary Research for a Better Quality of Life for Human Society.” This is a “first” for the two organizations since they will be holding a conference with the venue that is located beyond the Philippine shores for the first time. The Commission on Higher Education is so passionately supporting this endeavor for it is line with the National Research Agenda 2 (2009-2018) particularly on the Priority Research Areas/Themes wherein Multidisciplinary is on of the guiding principles in the formulation of the NHERA. The journey on the continued search for truth through research is still on. This time Multidisciplinary (some would call it Interdisciplinary or Transdisciplinary or Multiple Disciplinary Research takes the limelight. For decades now, the research world has realized the limitations of solving a problem or coming up with a breakthrough using one discipline. What has been a problem or a mystery for sometime was solved when a number if disciplines was involved. The classic example was the breaking of the Maya code that defy solution within a single specialization. Progress was made only when a multitude of approaches was used. In the story of Mayadecipherment, the work of archaeologist, art historians, epigraphers, linguist , and anthropologists cannot be separated . all contributed to a process that was truly and essentially multidisciplinary. With this at the background, we are very happy to note that your theme for this conference emphasizes the solving of human problems and elevating the quality of life for human society in the next higher level through research. Indeed, humanity is now assured that at last there is hope in finding the solutions to the myriad of challenges confronting mankind. We now have glimpse of the “light at the end of the tunnel.” That is all because of research. Once again, CONGRATULATIONS!

message ZENAIDA G. GERSANA, Ph.D., CESO III Director IV

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

message FIRST AND FOREMOST, I would like to welcome everyone to the Asian Academic Conference (ACE 2012) and to Malaysia specifically. It is indeed a great honour to be part of an exceptionally driven and selfless organizing team. This conference not only serve as a platform for the community of researchers to disseminate knowledge and discuss new ideas; but most importantly, it brings together researchers from all over Asian countries to propel partnerships in research and development to further enhance the frontiers of knowledge. As one of the premier public higher institutions, UiTM takes pride in producing both workforce for the nation and a huge number of research as well as publication. In the past six years, UiTM has secured a noticeable increase in the number of national and international research grants approved from RM14.02 million for 94 approved application in 2006 to RM50.38 million in 2011 with 1138 approved applications. As a result, publication in ISI and SCOPUS-indexed journal soared from only 56 and 128 publications in 2006 to 340 and 1093 in 2011 respectively. Hence, this conference is expected to pave way for a more organized and planned research collaboration cross-faculties and cross-countries, and eventually, more knowledge generated. In the near future, we hope to witness these collaborations translate into improving the communities in the Asian region. Lastly, I would like to take this opportunity to thank IAMURE-PAIR, the committees in both the Phillipines and Malaysia, valued sponsors, presenters and participants. It is hoped that you will find ACE2012 a great platform to learn, to share and to collaborate and, to be empowered to build a strong knowledged community that honours the well-being of the society. Have a wonderful and enriching experience at ACE2012.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Haidar Dziyauddin Rector UiTM Kedah Campus

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

ON BEHALF of UCSI University, it is my honor to welcome you to the Asian Conference on Education with the theme: “Multidisciplinary Research for a Better Quality of Life for Human Societies!” UCSI University is very pleased to work with the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE), headed by Dr. Genaro V. Japos, in the preparation of this prestigious event. The setting up of the Centre of Excellence for Research, Value Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CERVIE) by UCSI University indicates that the University is serious in placing research and innovation as one of its top priorities. In these times of unprecedented social, economic, technological and even environmental changes, it is now more important than ever to encourage a lifelong passion for research. The call for research collaboration to effect change and innovation in the mindset of professionals and educators is an empowering response to improve the quality of life in our locality, the nation and the world. I thank and welcome all the participants to this conference- the researchers, administrators, and educators. I hope that in this 3-day conference, we will be able to achieve the following objectives: 1)disseminate latest research findings on education, 2) learn from the experiences and best practices of Asian researchers, 3) forge partnerships and linkages with researchers from Asia and other continents, and 4) advocate for practical and breakthrough solutions to the issues and problems in Asia through a policy proposal drawn from the research works presented. I am looking forward to more research partnerships with academic institutions not only in Asia but also beyond. This event is just a start! Have a fruitful and wonderful stay in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia!

message Prof. Emeritus Dr. Lim Koon Ong Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic Affairs and Research) UCSI University

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Keynote Speech By PROF. DR. ROMANUS WILOPO Research Director STI Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia

Developing and Improving Research Culture in Southeast Asia: The Experience of Indonesia INTRODUCTION Research is an indivisible part in higher education management. A lecturer in a higher education institution is not enough if he or she only teaches a certain subject. This is because to teach is a process to sell an existing knowledge. However, a research is a production process to produce a new understanding, theory, or knowledge. More specifically, a research is a part of a process of a searching or development of “a scientific truth” (Wilopo, and Nanang, 2011). To search a scientific truth is a social responsibility of higher education institution. Searching and inventing continually a scientific truth will lead a higher education institution to be valuable not only for the society and the nation where the higher education institution is located but also for the world community as a whole. Yet, obviously the research habit of the lecturers in higher education institution in Indonesia is still considered low. It can be represented from the limitation of the publication in scientific journal of the research result of Indonesia lecturers. In South East Asia, for instance, Indonesia is still left behind by Singapure, Thailand, and Malaysia (Nur, Hadi, 2011). The low quality of the research of students in Indonesia is also affected by the research quality of the lecturers. Besides that, the commitment of Indonesia government is quite minimal. Budget allocation in the government budget for this concern is only 1.6 percent. Therefore, it is different from Malaysia in which their research budget is about 4 percent. SCImago (Kompas, 9 Desember 2010) reported that the publication of Indonesia research results in 1996 – 2008 is lower than other Asian countries. Indonesia is in 64th position of two hundred and thirty four countries surveyed. The Indonesia publication in twelve years is only 9,914 documents. Moreover, the Indonesia scientific publication is also lower than Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Again, even in South East Asia, Indonesia is lower than Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia. In the effort to improve and develop the quantity and quality of the research in higher education institutions in January 2012, the ministry of national education through the directorate of higher education published the regulation that the undergraduate, graduate, and post graduate students must publish their scientific papers as a graduation requirement. In the regulation no. 152/E/T/2012 directorate of higher education required the undergraduate student to publish the paper in local scientific journal, the graduate student should publish their papers in national accredited journal, and the post graduate students in international journal. The policy of the directorate higher education is applied to improve the national education quality, especially the research quality of the lecturers and the students. The question is why the research habit in Indonesia is low? What factors have influenced the quantity and the quality of the research in Indonesia? How can we improve the research culture in Indonesia, especially in higher education institution? FACTS AND CONSTRAINTS The lack of interest and budget of the lecturers’ research Generally, the lecturers in Indonesia are busy with only teaching the courses so that they lack research. The willingness of the lecturers to do a research is low. One cause is low research funding provided by higher education institutions. The research fund from the government or from the higher education institution itself is low. Now, the allocation of the research fund in Indonesia is only 0.35% of the government budget. It shows that the commitment of Indonesia government toward the science development is very limited. It is different from Malaysia in which their research fund is about 4 % of the Malaysia government budget. Because of this low budget, the quality and quantity of the lecturer’s research in Indonesia is also low. The consequence is that the quality of the student research is also low. Lack of understanding about method and ethics of the research Besides the low funding, the understanding of the lecturers about the scientific method is also limited. Rarely, lecturers really understand the technique of implementing the research. The lecturers have not yet understood the research problem,

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

tracing the literature review, implementing the good research method. For example, they are still unable to design good questionnaires. This condition can make them reluctant to do a research, especially if they have a heavy load of teaching. Not only the low understanding of the research method, but also many lecturers have not yet understood about the research ethics. Lipur Sugiyanto, (2010) explained that the research ethics is divided into two parts. They are ethics in reporting every research activity and ethics in accounting for the research result. Plagiarism is ethics violation often performed by a lecturer when he or she conducts a research. The plagiarism is performed because the lecturer is unaware that plagiarism is a fatal mistake. Lack of research publication and dissemination of the research result Nur Hadi, (2011) explained that the research result in Indonesia higher education is pictured from the publication in international scientific journals. In publication of the research result, Indonesia is still left behind compared with Singapore, Thailand, or Malaysia and is even far left behind Japan. The Indonesia position in the research publication is equivalent to Vietnam, Philippine, or Bangladesh. In developed countries, the scientific article published in the international journal is an important indicator to measure the research quality (Yuliarto, Brian, 2011). In some developed countries such as Japan, England, and United State of America, the number and the quality of scientific articles published are important indicators to determine the amount of the research fund that will be provided to the research institution. The publication of scientific article is a representation of the research quality because the research article will be reviewed by the competent researchers or reviewers before they are published in scientific journals. International Weekly Journal of Science “Nature” (2005) explained that the rapid growth of the scientific publication in Asia Pacific countries achieves 25% of the total of scientific articles published in the world. This number has rapidly increased than 1990 that was only 16%. That number is lower than Europe that publishes the research articles at 38% and USA was 33%, in which the rapid growth in Asia Pacific countries makes a new “threat” for Europe dan USA. However, the publication growth of the research result in Asia Pacific is not yet responded by Indonesia researchers. THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS The role of government Since the reform era in 1998, especially after the issuance of the act of national education system in 2003, the education budget is allocated 20% of the Indonesia total government budget. Many experts of education in Indonesia said, when compared with some countries in Asia in which the allocation of the education budget is still very low (Edy Rachmad, 2012). In 2012, the Indonesia education budget is IDR 287 trillion or US$ 32 billions. This amount is 20% of the total government budget that is IDR 1,435.4 trillion or US$ 159 billions. But, from the education budget, the research budget is only IDR 5,3 trillion or US$ 589 million. This amount is 0.07% of Indonesia gross domestic product. This amount is lower than Japan or Korea that the research budget is 0.3% and 0.4% of their gross domestic product. Besides preparing the research budget, the Ministry of National Education (or General Directorate of Higher Education) provides grants for the researchers or the lecturers in Indonesia through competitions. In 2012, the competition is performed through the mechanism of decentralization research grants and national competitiveness research grants. In addition to providing research grants, through the competition, the government also provides grants for the researchers or the lecturers who want to present the research results abroad. The government also prepares grants for the lecturers or the researchers for making a joint research with other researchers from foreign countries. To prevent plagiarism in research, the government makes regulation by giving a penalty to the researcher or lecturer who commits plagiarism. These sanctions include the revocation position of their professor, dismissal as a lecturer etc depending on the level of the plagiarism. The role of higher education institution The higher education institution should actively improve their research culture. The higher education institution is a spearhead to develop research habit. The first is by providing and managing the research funds received from the government or from other sources. The higher education institution should allocate their enough research funds. The amount of research funds depends on the number of lecturers and the type of the research which will be made by lecturers. Some higher education institutions in Indonesia provide the research budget more than the budget allocation provided by the government to the lecturers in these universities. In addition to funding, the higher education institution needs to have a research strategic plan. The research strategic plan is important to determine what the research excellence is and where the research direction is in this institution. For example, STIE Perbanas has a research strategic plan directed to business and banking. Besides the funding and the research strategic plan, a higher education institution also needs to have research guidelines and a research code of conduct. The institution should have the rules explaining a sanction and a penalty for a researcher or a lecturer who does a research with plagiarism. The role of research institution in higher education institution The research institution is a driver of research in a higher education institution. The improvement of a research culture in higher education institution depends on the role of the research institution. Various activities can be conducted by the research institution to improve and develop the research culture. The research centre in STIE Perbanas conducts various

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

activities to improve and develop a research culture. Among others are: To formalize the vision, mission, and strategy of the research centre adapted from the vision and mission of the STIE Perbanas. To prepare the annual work plan and budget in research area. At the beginning budget year, to request and to encourage the lecturers to prepare the annual research proposal (usually two proposals per year). The proposal should explain the research topic that is linier with the lecturer competency, the research budget, and the dissemination plan of the research result. To organize a presentation forum of the research proposals that will be reviewed by internal reviewers of STIE Perbanas. To finance the research proposal that is approved by the internal reviewers so the lecturers can conduct these researches. Firstly, the amount of research fund is 70% of the research budget approval. If it is possible, the research centre will submit the research proposal of the lecturers to the government by following the research grant competition. If the research proposal is approved by the government, the research fund of the research centre will be returned by the lecturer. When the research has been completed, the research centre will encourage the lecturer to disseminate its research result in international forum. If the research article is accepted for presentation in international forum, the research centre will finance the dissemination. Of course, this makes the lecturers more motivated because, other than they can go abroad, they can also meet and make networking with various researchers in the international forum. Usually, this meeting or networking will encourage the institutional cooperation. Finally, this activity is expected to improve their institutional accreditation In addition to encouraging and financing the lecturers to conduct research, the research centre also makes report about the activity level of the lecturers in research. For example, if a lecturer does not make a research in a year, the research centre will inform the institution management to give a sanction. The research centre will also publicly announce it in the institution. The effort of the research centre during the three years has improved and developed research culture in STIE Perbanas Surabaya. The improvement and development of research culture enables STIE Perbanas to be the best private college in East Java, Indonesia based on the evaluation of the coordination of private higher education institution in East Java (the government institution). CONCLUSION Research culture in higher education institutions in Indonesia is still low. The improvement and development of the research need the potent roles of the government, higher education institutions, and the research institution of the higher education institution. Encouraging the improvement of the research culture can be conducted simultaneously and continuously, especially by the research centre in the higher education institution. The research centre should also serve the lecturers so that they willingly conduct a research especially if their research results get a good appreciation and are accepted for presentation in international forum. LITERATURE CITED Edy Rachmad 2012 “Mencermati anggaran pendidikan 20%” (Examining the education budget 20%), downloaded from waspadamedan. com Kompas, 9 Desember 2010 “Laporan SCImago untuk publikasi jurnal Indonesia” (Report of SCImago for Indonesia journal publication), downloaded dari www.kompas.com Lipur Sugiyanta, 2010 “Pelanggaran Etika Penelitian di Indonesia” (Research ethics violations in Indonesia), downloaded from lipurs. wordpress.com April 20, 2012. Nature, International Weekly Journal of Science 2005 Scientific publication in Asia Pacific countries, downloaded from www.nature.com December 11, 2010. Neraca 2012 Anggaran Penelitian Indonesia cuma 0,07% dari PDB (Indonesia research budget in Indonesia is only 0.07% of gross domestic product) downloaded from www.neraca.co.id April 23 2012 Nur, Hadi 2003 Education and research in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Japan universities: Why the universities in Indonesia aren’t best universities, downloaded from www.hadinur.com December, 13, 2010. Undang – Undang no. 22 tahun 2011 Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara tahun 2012 downloaded from www.depkeu.go.id April 2012 Wilopo & Nanang S, 2011 “Research Development in Indonesia Higher Education”. Proceeding of The 41st Anniversary of STIE Perbanas Surabaya – Indonesia International Conference, ISBN: 978-602-96319-6-8, January 28, 2011. Yulianto, Brian, 2008. Indonesia Scientific Article: An Reflection of Indonesia Research, downloaded from http://dosen.tf.itb.ac.id/brian/ December 15, 2010

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

PROGRAMME

PROGRAMME May 28, 2012 (Day 1, Monday) 8:30 am Registration of Guests 9:20 am Malaysia National Anthem 9:25 am Invocation Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana Mt. View College, Philippines 9:30 am Introductory Remarks Dr. Genaro V. Japos, President, IAMURE

9:45 am Welcome Remarks Prof. Emeritus Dr. Lim Koon Ong Deputy Vice Chancellor, Academic Affairs & Research, UCSI University 10:00 am Keynote Address Associate Professor Dr. Keith Thomas Chief Operating Officer UCSI University, Terengganu Campus 10:20 am Video Presentation of UCSI University 10:30 am Gift Exchange between IAMURE & UCSI University 11:00 am Message Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani President, STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Vice President, IAMURE 10:35 am Announcement of Winners (Asian & Malaysia Research Awards) 11:15 am Grand Pictorials with Winners, Organizers and Delegates by Country 11:45 am KL Declaration Dr. Donna Lou E. Neri UCSI University 12:00 nn LUNCH Dr. Donna Lou E. Neri (UCSI University) Master of Ceremonies PROGRAMME May 29, 2012 (Day 2, Tuesday) 8:30 am Registration of Guests

9:07 am Message Assoc. Prof Dr. Haidar Dziyauddin Rector UiTM Kedah Campus 9:15 am Message Dr. Barley S. Y. Mak Director, Centre for Enhancing English Learning and Teaching, Chinese University of Hong Kong 9:25 am Keynote Address 2 Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana Visiting Researcher Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago, Illinois, USA and Mountain View College, Valencia City, Philippines 9:45 am Announcement of Special Asian Research Awards 10:10 am Video Presentation of IAMURE Conferences 10:15 am Keynote Address 3 Prof. Dr. Romanus Wilopo Research Director STIE Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia 10:35 am Oath Taking of New Members of IAMURE 10.45 am Quality Assurance for Conferences and Journal Publications of IAMURE Dr. Genaro V. Japos, President 11.30 am Sharing of Research Best Practices of UCSI University Associate Prof. Dr. Keoy Kay Hooi, Alan Director for the Centre of Excellence for Research, Value Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CERVIE) UCSI University, Malaysia Dr. Djuwari Drector, Language Laboratory STIE Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia Master of Ceremonies May 30, 2012 (Day 3, Wednesday) Continuation of oral research presentations. Hall A and Hall B 11:40 Closing Ceremonies 1:00 pm Experiencing Eco-Tourism of Kuala Lumpur

9:00 am Welcome Remarks Dr. Noor Zahirah Mohd Sidex Research Director, Universiti Teknologi, Kedah

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Research Awards 2012 Board of Judges

Day 2 – Hall A Session Manager / Chair - Denise Beutel Co – Chair / Tabulator - Djuwari Judges: Edmundo Lopez

Dr. Alan Kin – Tak Lau - Australia Dr. Ken Kawasaki - Japan Dr.Gaurang Rami - India Dr. Al Assad Omar - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Dr. Jose Vargas – Hernandez - Mexico Dr. Angelica M. Baylon - Philippines Dr. J. Edgar Bauer - Germany Dr.Adesoji A. Oni - Nigeria Dr. Liza M. Gernal - United Arab Emirates

Concurrent Sessions Board of Judges Asia’s Best Oral Presentation Asia’s Best Powerpoint Presentation Asia’s Best IAMURE Publication Asia’s Best Dressed Researcher Day 1 – Hall A Session Manager / Chair - Alan KeoyKay Hooi Co – Chair / Tabulator - AsmahLailiYeon Judges: Ivan Dublado Donards Kim Tañedo Gerlita Ruiz Rajiah BT Hasan SukhneetSuri Nathaniel Lubrica Isma’ila Y. Shehu Bernardo Lunar MozhganAzimi Mark Abadiano Medel O. Cabalsa DaniloOlaer Jr.

GaudencioAlaya-ay Jr. ChairatPranee Abdul HannanWaheed Nak Ai Nikom Exequeil T. Tagum Rolando Cuizon Ernesto Golosino Daisy Jane Orcullo Carina Magbojos Mona Omidi Romeo Seguban Day 2 – Hall B Session Manager / Chair - AsmahLailiYeon Co – Chair / Tabulator - Alan Keoy Kay Hooi Judges: Gusti Ayu Synta Canydia Lestari Irish Dimaculangan Rizalina Gomez Maria Paz Angeles RoxanEupeña Liew, Yon – Foi Kanoktrat Kongthai Day 3 – Hall A Session Manager / Chair - Djuwari Co – Chair / Tabulato - Alvin Nuqui Judges: Suleiman AnafYahya Joy Talens FouziehSabzian Michelle Cueto Rajah Hassan

Day 1 – Hall B Session Manager/Chair - Veneracion Cabana Co – Chair/Tabulator - Barley MAK

Day 3 – Hall A Session Manager / Chair - Donna Lou E. Neri Co – Chair / Tabulator - Romanus Wilopo

Judges:

Editha Q. Villavicencio Levitah C. Mapatac Dhenalyn Aquino Analiza B. Son Khandaker Ummul Kahirun Fatima Mauro Allan P. Amparado Marc Oneel C. Alvarez PyreneQuilang JamilSuprihatiningrum Juanita Pascua

Nor FaradilahMahad Fathiah Abdullah SitiAisyah Abdul Kadir ManasMoulic Asdulah Hannan Waheed

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Philippine Association of Institutions For Research Agusan del Sur School of Arts and Trade Aklan State University Asian College of Science and Technology Bataan Peninsula State University Bohol Island State University Brokenshire College Bukidnon State University Capitol University Carlos Hilado Memorial State College Cebu Normal University Central Mindanao University Cor Jesu College Davao Central College Davao Doctors College Father Saturnino Urios University Holy Cross of Davao College Holy Name University Iligan Medical Center College John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation – Bacolod John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation –Arevalo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University Jose Rizal Memorial State University La Consolacion College – Bacolod La Salle University Liceo de Cagayan University Lyceum of the Philippines University Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific Mindanao Sanitarium and Hospital College of Medical Arts Foundation, Inc. Mindanao University of Science and Technology Misamis University Mountain View College Notre Dame of Dadiangas University Notre Dame of Kidapawan College Notre Dame of Marbel University Our Lady of Fatima University Pampanga Agricultural College Romblon State University Saint Joseph Institute of Technology San Pedro College Southern Christian College Surigao del Sur State University Surigao Education Center Surigao State College of Technology Universidad de Zamboanga University of Bohol University of Mindanao University of Northern Philippines University of San Jose Recoletos University of the Cordilleras University of the Immaculate Conception Wesleyan University Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

OUTSTANDING RESEARCHERS OF

Malaysia Assoc. Prof. Dr. Keoy Kay Hooi, Alan Director, Centre of Excellence for Research, Value Innovation and Entrepreneurship, UCSI University, Malaysia

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Asmah Laili Yeon School of Law, Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstract Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

OUTSTANDING ASIAN RESEARCH

Leaders Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani President STIE, Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia

Prof. Dr. Romanus Wilopo Research Director STIE, Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia

Dr. Lesley C. Lubos Associate Research Director Liceo Mindanao Center for Biodiversity and conservation (LIMCEBCON) Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Researchers

OUTSTANDING

Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana H-Index 26 Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago, Illinois, USA and Mountain View College, Valencia City, Philippines Dr. Barley S.Y. Mak H - Index 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Curriculum and Instruction Director, Centre for Enhancing English Learning and Teaching, Faculty of Education The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Dr. Denise Beutel H - Index 4 Senior Lecturer, School of Learning and Professional Studies, Queensland University of Technology, Australia

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

Asian Researchers

OUTSTANDING

Dr. Djuwari H Index-3 Director, Language Laboratory STIE Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Keoy Kay Hooi, Alan H Index-3 Director, Centre of Excellence for Research, Value Innovation and Entrepreneurship, UCSI University, Malaysia

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 路 May 28-30, 2012 路 ISSN: 2094-9529

ASIA’S MODEL PRESIDENT IN

Higher Education

Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani President, STIE, Perbanas, Surabaya, Indonesia

In recognition of exceptional leadership effectiveness for academic excellence, research and publications, overseas collaboration, leadership in international organizations, and hosting of international conferences making her a model president in Asia.

Editors 2012

ASIA’S BEST JOURNAL

Prof. Dr. Romanus Wilopo, Ak, CFE

Dr. Djuwari

STIE Perbanas , Surabaya, Indonesia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editor–in-Chief of Ventura, STIE Perbanas, Surabaya ,Indonesia; Editor, Journal of Research in Economics and Management , Indonesia Economist Association; Associate Editor, Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research and Asian Journal of Business and Governance, Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines; Associate Editor, IAMURE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, Philippines.

Dr. Barley S.Y. Mak

Chinese University of HongKong In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editor, Educational Research Journal; Associate Editor, English Language Teaching Journal, Oxford (SSCI).

Dr. Denise Beutel

Queensland University of Technology, Australia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editorial Panel in the Australian Educational Researcher and the International Journal of Learning.

Dr. Lesley C. Lubos

Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editor-in-Chief Asian Journal of Biodiversity (IP Science, Thomson Reuters).

Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana, F.A.H.A,

Mountain View College, Valencia City, Philippines In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editor-in-Chief, Asian Journal of Health, Associate Editor, Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research, Liceo de Cagayan University

STIE Perbanas , Surabaya, Indonesia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editor, Journal of Economics, Business and Social Science, University of Putra Bangsa, Surabaya, Indonesia ; Editor, Journal of Finance and Banking (Accredited), University of Merdeka Malang; Editor, Journal of Accounting and Information Technology (Accredited); University of Surabaya; Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Economics, Research and Management, Association of Indonesian Economists, Surabaya, Indonesia

Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani

STIE Perbanas , Surabaya, Indonesia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Associate Editor, IAMURE International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research; Associate Editor, Asian Journal of Business and Governance, Liceo de Cagayan University; Associate Editor, Liceo Journal of Higher Education

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Keoy Kay Hooi, Alan

UCSI University, Malaysia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence in the quality assurance of scientific publications as Editorial Board Member, Australian Journal of Business and Management Research; Editor, International Journal of Journal Advancement Science and Arts, UCSI Universit; Guest Editor, International Small Business Journal; Guest Editor, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research; Editorial Board Member, International Journal of the Built, Environment and Asset Management

Dr. Donna Lou E. Neri

UCSI University, Malaysia In recognition of distinguished leadership and competence as Editor-inChief of JPAIR Multidisciplinary Journal, Associate Editor IAMURE, Asian Journal of Health and Liceo Journal of Higher Education, and Editor-inChief of Nursing Journal, Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

CONCURRENT SESSION PAPERS (MAY 28 - 30, 2012) Constructivism in Teaching Elementary Algebra: Its Influence in Mathematics Performance of Students in Large Classes Edmundo C. Lopez edcalopez@yahoo.com Surigao Del Sur State University Tandag, Surigao del Sur, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A -1: 01- 1: 20 This study determines the effect of constructivist method on students’ mathematics achievement. It sought to answer the influence of teaching methods on students’ achievement scores in large classes in terms of knowledge, comprehension, application, and analysis questions. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental control group design was used. The experimental group was exposed to constructivist method while the control group to traditional method. To determine the influence of the methods in the students’ achievement scores, the one way ANCOVA was used. The researcher handled the two classes. Results showed that there was a significant difference in students’ achievement scores in terms of knowledge, comprehension; application and analysis questions, The control group performed better than the experimental group. Constructivist approach is ineffective in large classes. Teachers should be well prepared in using new teaching method. Furthermore, administration should be aware that large classes hinder students’ learning.

Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 1-17 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Children of Divorce Families: Exploring their Perceptions and Experiences Daisy Jane C. Orcullo jane@uum.edu.my Universiti Utara Malaysia Malaysia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A - 1: 21 – 1:40 This study aimed to describe and explore the experiences and perceptions of children of divorce families. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to provide depth of understanding on children’s experiences on parental divorce, the impact and effects of divorce, their perceptions on marriage and divorce, whether Islamic practices have helped them cope with the experience. In-depth interview with semi-structured questionnaire were tools in the study. The interviews were analyzed using inductive analysis. Data were transcribed and analyzed to identify themes generated from the interview. From the analysis, effects of divorce were identified as internalizing effects, externalizing, and mediating. As the exploration and understanding of each frame go deeper and become more personal, various concepts emerge. The internalizing effects employ the direct approach of lived experiences, which were categorized into inciting negative reactions and continuing impact of divorce. The second frame on externalizing effects uses the indirect approach that results in providing risks and eliciting some positive effects. The last frame on mediating effects combined the direct and indirect approaches and revealed the coping and healing strategies and perceptions on family and divorce. The Islamic perspective on coping was a comfort to some of the participants. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 153-166 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Implementation of Online Tutorial in Abstract Algebra Course and Pre-Service Teacher’s Perceptions toward their Academic Achievement I Gusti Ayu Synta Canydia Lestari synta.lestari@sampoernaeducation.net Sampoerna School of Education, Indonesia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A -1: 41 – 2:00 In this 21st century education, technology plays a significant role. Blended learning, combining face-to-face class and e-Learning, is being implemented in a Mathematics course at a teacher college located in Jakarta, Indonesia. Online tutorial is being used to discuss about topic in this course. It was reported that online tutorial helps students come to the lecture or face-to-face class more prepared to ask good questions (Twigg 2003). The aim of this study is to explore pre-service teachers’ perception toward their achievement in learning Abstract Algebra with the implementation of Online Tutorial. The participants are 43 pre-service teachers intake 2009 majoring in Mathematics Education, enrolling in Abstract Algebra Course. Data were obtained from questionnaire about perceptions toward their academic achievement and interview. Data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approach. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 30-40 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Higher Education Quality Assurance Model for Small States: the Maldives Case Study Abdul Hannan Waheed a.waheed@student.qut.edu.au Queensland University of Technology – Australia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A- 2:11 – 2:30 This paper presents findings of a study to develop a higher education quality assurance model for Small States. The significance of this study is that it addresses concerns by providing a holistic quality assurance model in higher education for Small States, which could serve as a useful reference for policy makers, practitioners and professionals. The study reported here draws on a systems theory to investigate the systematic characteristics of quality assurance in higher education. The research is a qualitative case study based on the constructionist paradigm and includes the use of document analysis and interview data. It draws upon a case study in the Maldives, to explore possible linkages, similarities, challenges, issues and quality assurance options that emerge and are relevant to Small State contexts. The preliminary findings indicate that regulatory mechanisms, management structure, independence of the quality assurance agency, minimum requirements, transparency and guidelines, external quality assurance and accreditation and collaboration with stakeholders emerged as critical areas for the system of quality assurance in higher education. Some of the regulatory models used by bigger nations may not be appropriate for Small States, adding weight to the ‘fit for purpose’ definition of quality. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 266-285 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Teaching Environmental Education in Raising Learners’ Environmental Awareness

Rolando C. Cuizon St. Peter’s College, Iligan City Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A- 2:31 – 2:45 This study aimed at determining the level of community environmental awareness and concept among the selected Grade VI learners in Northeast II-A Central School and Catalino Sumile Memorial School, Dalipuga, Iligan City, Philippines. This study utilized the descriptive-correlational and inferential research design. The study utilized the following statistical techniques to analyze the gathered data: frequency and percentages, mean, standard deviation, Box-Whisker plot, likelihood ratio test, independent T-test and F-test. Results revealed that personal profile do not contribute any signs of differences in their awareness about community environment. Whatever socio-demographic profile the respondents have does not affect their knowledge about the community environmental awareness. Hence, teachers should incorporate proper information about environmental awareness in their daily classroom engagement with the pupils or learners. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 61-74 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Using Animation Films to Develop Effective Listening Skills in the Classroom Manas Moulic manasmoulic2004@gmail.com Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Kolkata – India (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A–2:46 – 3:05 Listening as a language skill is an active process of receiving aural stimuli. It involves attention, reception, comprehension and retention of the message or intention of the speaker. In professional life, efficient listening skills make workers more productive, accountable and cultivate positive working relationships with bosses, clients and colleagues. Technological Universities prescribe teaching Listening as a language skill at the undergraduate level. But as listening is not taught at the school level, it becomes a challenge for us to improve listening skills of such students taking admission to technical Institutes at their undergraduate level. However, my experiment in my Institute’s Language laboratory showed positive result when such learners were asked to listen to popular animation films. My paper focused on the importance of Listening Skills and factors affecting it; problems faced with technical undergraduate learners and the syllabus; why only popular animation films, preparing classroom tasks and how it helped in developing effective listening skills.

Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 57-81 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Spirituality and Solidarity among De La Salle Schools in Region IV, Philippines: Basis for Enhancing a Culture of Faith Irish A. Dimaculangan irish.dimaculangan@dlsl.edu.ph irishd_0419@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa, Lipa City, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A–3:16- 3:30 Spirituality and Solidarity among De La Salle Schools in Region IV, Philippines were evaluated and used as a basis for development of a management program for enhancement of culture of faith in three schools. The study elicited De La Salle schools’ philosophy, mission, and vision; goals and objectives; course offerings; student organizations and co-curricular activities; management and leadership styles. The study further evaluated the extent of each indicators manifest among administrators, faculty and students and how these can be nurtured in the three schools’ trilogy of functions and what management program may be developed for culture of faith enhancement. Descriptive method of research was used in the study, employing research triangulation as methods in gathering data. The study revealed that the three Lasalian Schools were governed by the Gospel’s values, the charism of its founder and the traditions of the Religio, Mores, et Cultura and Crescit Gratia Virtuteque.The respondents had high level of spirituality and with a moderate level of solidarity for administrators, faculty and students. The study concludes that the spirituality and solidarity may be nurtured and find expression through the implementation of the trilogy of functions of instruction, research and extension. This involves the pursuance of instructional goals and preparation of an extensive research and extension agenda integrated with the principles of the Founder and inspired by gospel values. Thus, the proposed management program is conceptualized as a guide to the enhancement of the culture of faith in La Salle schools which will serve as hallmarks for spirituality and solidarity development.

Attitude of A-Level Medicine (ALM) Students towards Learning the Mathematical Subjects Nor Faradilah Mahad faradilah315@salam.uitm.edu.my International Education College Universiti Teknologi Mara – Malaysia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A–3:31- 3:45 This research is conducted to study the attitude of A-level Medicine (ALM) students towards learning the Mathematical subjects and there are two research questions in the study. Firstly, what is the attitude of ALM students towards learning the Mathematical subjects? Secondly, is there any difference between male students’ attitude and female students’ attitude towards learning the Mathematical subjects? The sampling method used in this research is random sampling. The researchers selected the survey method as the research design and one set of questionnaires consisted of 30 items as the instruments. Some 95 respondents consist of 37 male students and 58 female students of ALM programme of International Education College (INTEC) were chosen randomly. The researchers used the 5 point Likert Scale in order to determine the attitude of the ALM students towards learning the Mathematical subjects. The data were analyzed by using mean test, one sample t-test and independent t-test by using SPSS version 20 software. The finding showed that the students have positive attitude towards learning the Mathematical subjects and there is difference between male students’ attitude and female students’ attitude towards learning the Mathematical subjects. The finding showed that female students have more positive attitude than the male students. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 166-187 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Storytelling through Video: A Bilingual Approach in Teaching Gaudencio M. Alaya-ay, Jr. gaudenciojr.alayaay@yahoo.com St. Peter’s College, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A - 3:46- 4:00 This is an experimental study on the effect of storytelling through video and the lecture method in which both approaches used English and Maranao versions to the 100 Grade II pupils in Balo-i District, Lanao del Norte Division, Philippines, SY 2011-2012. The study utilized the two-group experimental design of research.The tool for teaching was the story entitled “The Greatest Treasure” which was adapted from www.bookbox.com (retrieved, 2011) and was translated to the Maranao version for the other group of respondents. A researcher-made test in Maranao and English versions were used in comparing the effects of the bilingual approaches in teaching. The statistical tools used in analyzing the data were frequency count, mean, paired, and independent t-test. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents in the video group both in English and Maranao versions scored very high in the post tests compared to the traditional lecture method. These implied that there were significant differences in academic achievements of video and lecture groups in Maranao and English versions. It was concluded that pupils can comprehend well if storytelling will be done using the latest technology and if also presented both in English and in their own native language or mother tongue. Conclusively, the use of video technology is effective in story telling as an innovative strategy in teaching. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 167-178 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Arguments by the Contributors of Research Journal Publication

Djuwari djuwari@perbanas.ac.id STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A – 4:11- 4:25

Arguments in academic writing are the most important things. The arguments asserted by the contributors of research journal publication are assumed to be more specific especially before the articles are edited and published. So far, the arguments can distinguish the value of the academic writing especially in the conclusion. This study attempts to reveal how the arguments of the academic writing written by the contributors of research journals are expressed. This research employs the qualitative methods, in which the subjects are the documents in writing in the forms of academic writing submitted by the contributors of research journal before they are edited and published. The data were collected from the articles submitted to the accredited research journal and then analyzed using the three types of modality showing low, medium, and high commitment. From this analysis, the uniqueness and styles of expressing the arguments in the conclusion sections were explored and described. The results of this study provide good information for the contributors and the prospective contributors of the articles submitted to the research journals. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 43-60 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Preparing to Teach: Perceptions of Graduate Entry Teacher Education Students Denise Beutel d.beutel@qut.edu.au Queensland University of Technology Australia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A – 4:26 – 4:45 International reviews of teaching and teacher education have highlighted the importance of quality teachers in improving the outcomes of students. Teachers may enter the teaching profession through a variety of pathways. Currently in Australia, one pathway is through graduate entry teacher education programs in which people who already hold university degrees outside of education can undertake one-year formal teacher preparation programs. It may be argued that graduate entry teachers value add to the teaching profession as they bring with them a range of careers and wealth of experiences often beyond those of teachers who enter the profession through traditional four-year Bachelor of Education programs. This paper reports on a study that investigated the preparedness to teach of a group of graduate entry teacher education students as they prepared to exit from university and enter the teaching profession. The study concluded that this group of graduating teachers perceived that the field experience components in their formal teacher education programs contributed most to their beginning professional learning. The study revealed also that this group of graduating teachers sought further professional learning opportunities in the canonical skills of teaching. These findings may be used to inform the design of future teacher education programs. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 96-106 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Adherence to the use of ICT for Classroom Instruction: Its Impact on Students’ Learning Rizalina G. Gomez rizaliegomez@gmail.com Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall A - 4:46- 5:05 This study investigated the teachers’ adherence to the use of ICT for classroom instruction and its impact on the students’ learning. Some 125 student teachers from the College of Education accomplished the questionnaires. Student teachers were found to have strong adherence to the use of ICT in teaching. This analysis elucidated the teacher educators’ access to ICT, their intensity of use, their training skills, and their confidence in using ICT. Pedagogical practices included the use of web-enhanced learning activities and a combination of Web 2.0 tools in teaching. Exploratory multiple regression analysis addressed the importance of these different factors at the level of the educator in the use of ICT in teaching practice. Results showed students’ academic performance generally improved with increased teachers’ training skills. The intensive use of ICT as a tool in teaching had posed a significant impact on the students’ learning. It was therefore recommended for teacher educators to sustain the use of ICT as an effective strategy and continue to access the skills-based approach in the integration of ICT in education.

Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 41-56 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Unheard Stories of the Sidewalk Vendors of Tagbilaran City, Bohol, Philippines Ernesto O. Golosino ernesto_hnu@yahoo.com Holy Name University Tagbilaran City, Bohol, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 1: 01- 1: 20 Due to the unequal distribution of economic growth, the urban centers outrun the rural areas in terms of progress. This picture allures many of the low income individuals to congregate to the cities and urban hubs in search of quick money. Due to the mismatch between demand and supply of labor, they ended up becoming new entrants to the informal sector and conquer the sidewalks to earn a living. Their presence was ignored until contested space became an issue. Without their intensions, their encroachment on the roads and sidewalks created rivalry in terms of resource utilization. To assess the real score of the issue, this research was undertaken. It involves a combination of opinion survey, key informant interview and secondary data. It attempts to approach the issue in terms of political/legal, social and economic frameworks. The results indicated that street vending becomes a trade of people with no economic recourse. Politicians accord on and off if not whimsical mode of addressing the problem. Indeed, sidewalk vendors are an index of a more sophisticated social imbalance. It is recommended that local government units must design an effective intervention program. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 1-16 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Development of Knowledge Database Management System of Sufficiency Economy For Basic Education Principal Nak Ai, Nikom Kom_jan@hotmail.com Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University Phitsanulok, Thailand (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 1: 21 – 1:40 Knowledge Database Management System of Sufficiency Economy for Basic Education Principal has been developed by Moodle, the open source of Learning Management System (LMS). We developed seventh step of Research cycles. Step 1 : The Need Assessment for Analyses Element of Sufficiency Economy Database for Basic Education and concentrate to school administration. Step 2 : The Product Design , the Researcher developed core of Database System by Moodle and consisted of; Assignment Module, Chat Module , Choice Module, Forum Module, Journal Module, Quiz Module, Resource Module, Survey Module, Workshop Module, Lesson Module, Glossary Module, WiKi Module and SCORM Module . Step 3 : Product Development , We used Moodle Version 9 to Designed login Menu and Registered Domain Name to Hosting , powered by LAMP, Integrated Application used of Linux , Apache server , MySql and PHP. Step 4 : Preliminary Field Test and Initial Product Revision , the researchers to monitor and improve the quality of early found that the stability is satisfactory and reasonable speed. Step 5: Main Field Test and Step 6 :Final Product Revision, Check the system with the primary goal found that the first web page (Homepage) modules will be even complete set. Step 7 :Publishing database, Main target groups covered test system. Interesting name that is friendly and clearly defined in line with research. Result of the development of knowledge management issues under the principle of modesty, the validity Principle of immunity as well, conditions of knowledge and integrity, applied to management of basic education for school administrators. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 1-16 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Workplace Happiness of La Salle University Administrators, Ozamis City, Philippines Daryl F. Quinco daryl_famacion@yahoo.com La Salle University – Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B- 1: 41 – 2:00 Administrators who are happy tend to pass on their happiness to their subordinates thus, giving them the tag of being a happiness giving person to everyone around him/her. This descriptive study was conducted to establish the level of workplace happiness of La Salle University Administrators. The result of this study would be beneficial for the top management in decision making regarding the retention and training. Moreover, the result also helps in motivating the administrators to be happy in their work and be able to help the institution in retaining the current competent, qualified employees and administrators. The study involved the members of the President’s operations council of La Salle University for Academic Year 2010-2011. Questionnaires were distributed to gather data with the retrieval rate of 71 percent. Results revealed that 50 percent of the administrators of La Salle University are happy at work. They are composed mostly of women in the age range of 30-39 years old who are tenured and secured with their job status. The administrators are greatly affected in their happiness by the belief that they are doing something worthwhile. Meanwhile, they also believe that their level of happiness is not affected by whether they are probationary in status or they have competitive salary. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 91-102 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Portable Power Generating Apparatus for Irrigation System of Small Scale Farming “Tubig at Ilaw Mula sa Araw” Romeo G. Seguban romeoseguban@yahoo.com Isabela State University Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 2:11 – 2:30 To develop a project that uses solar devices is an outstanding job this time, particularly these days that energy crisis is a serious problem. There is an economic consideration in this regard. As a way of solving the problem, this study is conceived to fabricate a self-contained portable power generating apparatus using solar energy that could be used as substitute for alternating current (AC) power to operate irrigation system using submersible pump to reduce farming inputs. The device can be also used for wide variety of lighting, ventilating and charging applications. Furthermore, this project is designed to contribute to environmental conservation and income generation through the establishment of solar-powered water system for urban/ rural irrigation purposes. The project is affordable. The total cost is Php 50,000.00 only, cheaper compared to an AC generator using gasoline and diesel oil.

Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 217-231 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Organizational Culture and Factors Affecting the Quality of the Local Universities in Thailand Chairat Pranee c.pranee@hotmail.com Nakhonsawan Rajabhat University, Thailand (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B- 2:31 – 2:45 The study investigated the characteristics of organizational culture and factors affecting the quality of local universities to determine the direction of Rajabhat Universities as local universities. Phase one studied the conceptual framework of the university by using the synthesis document and the in depth interview. The result showed that the mandate is for providing general and advanced vocational education, conducting research, providing academic and technology services, fostering art and culture, and producing, developing teachers’ competency. Phase two studied the characteristics of the organizational culture and factors affecting the quality of local universities by using path analysis. The result showed that the most visible characteristics of organizational culture were the family style and the set of causal variables. These explain the variance of the quality of the local universities at 81 percent. Phase three studied to determine the direction of Rajabhat University by using the focus group discussion. The result showed that the university must; provide education by using community-based approach use the research for develop the community be a community learning center, apply arts to life and produce teachers’ awareness to the community. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 145-152 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Teaching Efficacy, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal Skills and Teaching performance in the Tertiary School Marie Paz H. Angeles pazhangeles@yahoo.com Tarlac State University – Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 2:46 – 3:305 This study investigates the relationship between teachers’ interpersonal skills, teachers’ teaching efficacy, and teaching performance as perceived by the teacher, peers and students. The data on teaching efficacy, teachers’ interpersonal-intrapersonal skills were generated through the different scales which were developed and validated by the researcher. The self-report of teachers on their efficacy was utilized to know more the samples’ perception on teaching and their attitude in the teaching- learning process. The data on teaching performance were generated from the peer and student sample through the teaching performance instrument. Descriptive statistics, item analysis procedure, Pearson correlation coefficient, using the SPSSPC-DOS program were basic tools for data evaluation. The following results were derived from the data generated: Teachers’ interpersonal skill is directly related to the teaching efficacy scores. Teachers’ intrapersonal skill is significantly related to the teaching efficacy scores. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 17-25 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Teacher Communication Behavior Affects Students’ Attitude in Learning Roxan G. Eupena roxan_eupea@yahoo.com Surigaodel Sur Sate University – Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 3:16 - 3:35 Teachers’ interpersonal communication behavior in the classroom is one vital element in creating a classroom learning environment that significantly contributes towards the students’ attitudes and motivation in learning. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of science teachers’ communication behavior towards the attitude of students in learning science. The study employed descriptive correlation research design and used the Teacher Communication Behavior Questionnaire (TCBQ) of She and Fisher (2002) and Test of Science Related Attitudes of Fraser (modified by She and Fisher in 2002). Results showed no significant differences on gender; nevertheless, significant differences were apparent in two of the five scales of TCB namely nonverbal support and controlling in terms of age differences. Simple correlation coefficient indicates a significant correlation (p<0.01) in four TCB scales namely: challenging, encouragement and praise, non-verbal support and controlling with the attitudinal scale, enjoyment in science lessons. Attitudinal scale career interest in science on the other hand is correlated with encouragement and praise (p<0.01) and non-verbal support (p<0.05). The above result indicates that communication behavior of science teachers had a great contribution and impact towards the attitudes of students in learning science.

Development and Validation of an Instrument to Measure Teacher Curriculum Paradigm Liew, Yon-Foi liewkulai@gmail.com Universiti Putra Malaysia – Malaysia (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 3:36 – 3:55 The purpose of this study is to develop and validate an instrument to measure in-service teachers’ teacher curriculum paradigm (TCP), which was a latent variable derived from Kuhn’s (1970) epistemology of paradigm and further adapted to the ideas of Henderson and Gornik (2007), Schubert (1986), Tanner and Tanner (2007), Tuthill and Ashton (1983), and Zeichner’s (1983) paradigms for the curriculum development field. Correspondingly, the TCP instrument is a first psychological based instrument which has been developed to measure teachers’ TCP. Hence, the TCP instrument followed the rigorous research design and methodology to serve as the vital procedures for enhancing the internal validity of the instrument. Subsequently, the TCP instrument was content validated by three subject experts and gone through three phases of instrument testing with three independent samples (N1=34, N2=72, and N3=553, respectively) taken from the same population of in-service teachers in the Peninsular of Malaysia. Based on the systematically corrected data and the rigorously SEM confirmatory testing procedures, the TCP instrument has attained a very high reliability and validity of construct. Defensibly, these results had strongly supported for the valid use of the TCP instrument in measuring TCP for in-service teachers in Peninsular of Malaysia. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 243-260 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Quality Management System and System Performance of Caraga State University, Butuan City, Mindanao, Philippines Alvaro L. Salingay al.salingay@gmail.com Liceo de Cagayan University – Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 3:56 – 4:10 The study determined the significant relationship between implementation of Quality Management Systems (QMS) and extent of system performance of Caraga State University, Butuan City, Mindanao, Philippines. This descriptive study also aimed to determine which QMS variables are predictors of systems performance. The randomly sampled respondents consisted of 38 administrators, 71 teachers and 55 non-academic staff. Result shows that the implementation of school’s QMS influences the extent of systems performance processes which means that the higher the implementation of QMS is, the better the level of extent of systems performance processes. Realization of Educational Services and the Measurement, Analysis and Improvements under QMS variables are the predictors of system performance processes which means that clear realization of educational services and a periodic monitoring, measurement, analysis and improvements of the systems processes contributes to the performance of the school.

TB DOTS-CHE KAP Baseline Survey in the Province of Antique Rezyl R. Mallorca rezylmallorca@gmail.com La Salle University – Ozamiz City, Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 4:21 – 4: 40 This paper is part of the overall baseline study assessing the knowledge, attitudes and care-seeking practices on Tuberculosis of the residents in the provinces of Antique, Cebu, Ilo-Ilo, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental and in the cities of Mandaluyong, Kidapawan and Surigao commissioned by Holistic Community Development and Initiatives, Inc. This is a descriptive research which used stratified random sampling in choosing the respondents per community with the aid of a map, totaling 2,435 residents. Since most of the covered community had no house maps, identifying respondents was also conducted with interviews using structured and centralized questionnaire prepared by the Philippine Business for Social Progress. Findings revealed that almost all residents heard about tuberculosis, knew that it is serious and contagious. However, results showed that despite respondents’ awareness on existence of tuberculosis, they lacked knowledge about its nature, cause, symptoms, preventions and treatment. Researchers also found out that attitudes of residents toward tuberculosis are positive though many feared mingling with TB infected individuals for possible contamination. With these, respondents need to be educated regarding tuberculosis’ prevention and treatment. Aggressive health education, enhanced programs for information dissemination and further assessment on TB DOTS program’s effectiveness are the ones recommended. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 75-90 Print ISSN 2244-1514 • Online ISSN 2244-1522. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Development of the Curriculum Implementation Model of Basic Education for the Secondary School Kanokrat Kongthai kanokrat7@gmail.com Nakhonsawan Rajabhat University, Thailand (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 4:41 – 5:00 The academic administration for secondary schools according to the basic education core curriculum A.D.2008 faced the important problem that teachers lacked of the understanding to use the curriculum so that they cannot achieve the goal designed by the curriculum. This study aimed to improve the curriculum implementation model for the secondary schools in the Office of the Basic Education Commission area 41 by creating the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method, Multi-Attribute Consensus Reaching (MACR) method and assessed the result by using Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method. The result was considered in two perspectives; the students’ perspective considered the character education, the achievement and, reading, thinking, analyzing, and writing skills. Another one was the teachers’ perspective considered the practice of teachers’ commitment by testing the curriculum implementation model in Klongklungratrangsan School, Kamphaeng Phet province in semester 2, 2011. The samples were 310 students and 55 teachers. The result found that the model has 4 main parts; the principle, goal, procedure, and assessment. For applying the new model in this school it was found that character education, achievement, reading, thinking, analyzing, and writing skills of students and the practice of teacher’s commitment were better than using the old model. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 207-218 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Managerial Skills Development of Selected Private Institutions of Higher Learning in Batangas, Philippines Carina R. Magbojos carinamagbojos@yahoo.com Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas Philippines (May 28- Day 1) · Hall B - 5:01 – 5:20 Institutions of higher learning face a new situation on higher education. It holds some novel threats and presents some fresh opportunities. Given the uncertainty of the future, college and university administrators cannot allow their organizations to drift. This study assessed the managerial skills development of the administrators of the five (5) well-established private institutions of higher learning in Batangas, Philippines. A combination of descriptive and survey method was used in the study which included the administrators, faculty, and rank and file employees. All the managerial dimensions exhibited by the administrators, namely communication skills, self leadership, managing the task effectively, managing the people effectively, managing interpersonal dimension effectively, and solving problems effectively, were rated often. There is a significant difference in terms of self leadership, managing the task effectively, managing the people effectively, and managing interpersonal relations effectively. There is a very high significant relationship among all the managerial skills dimensions required of the institution administrators using the same managerial dimensions. The managerial skills of the administrators have to be enhanced to improve the quality of people in the institution. The Proposed Executive Development Program and Training Model is strongly recommended.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Development of an Emotional Intelligence Scale for Filipino Students Editha Q. Villavicencio edith_psych@yahoo.com Tarlac State University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2 ) · Hall A - 1: 01- 1: 20 Intelligence Quotient is not the only construct that explains most of the facets of human existence. Emotional intelligence plays a significant role in the way the individual deals with practical day to day occurrences. The phrase emotional intelligence was developed by psychologists Peter Salovey and John Mayers. Daniel Goleman revolutionized Salovey’s and Mayer’s discoveries when he redefined what it means to be smart and relegating to the side the IQ. The development of the scale began with the identification of the core competencies. From these competencies, items were formed and passed through the process of validity, reliability and standardization. This research is conducted to come up with an Emotional Intelligence (EQ) Scale to provide an assessment and/or evaluation of a person’s emotional intelligence through the identification of core competencies. The EQ Inventory scale instrument assesses the individual’s ability in dealing with his emotions. The EQ Inventory has five core competencies named: self-awareness, self-regulation; motivation; empathy; and social skills. The inventory was valid, reliable and standardized.

Strategies to Reduce Pathological Fear in Mathematics Among Secondary School Students in Adamawa State, Nigeria Suleiman Anaf Yahya hb110294@siswa.uthm.edu.my Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia (May 29 – Day 2 ) · Hall A- 1: 21 – 1:40 The purpose of this study is to identify causes of pathological fear in mathematics among secondary school students in Adamawa State. The study also examines strategies that could be adopted to reduce pathological fear in mathematics among students. Three research questions and a research hypothesis tested at α = 0.05 level of significance were formulated. A research questionnaire tagged Pathological Fear in Mathematics Questionnaire (PFMATQ) was used in collecting data from 250 senior secondary school students. They were selected by stratified random sampling technique from five educational zones in Adamawa State. Mean, Standard deviation and t-test were used to analyse the data generated. The study reveals that causes of pathological fear in mathematics among others include: parental indoctrination that mathematics is difficult, the mathematics teacher factor and the abstract nature of mathematics. Strategies that could be adopted to reduce pathological fear in mathematics among others include; the use of mathematical games; uses of heuristic method of teaching and use of relevant set induction techniques. It is recommended that parents should stop indoctrinating their wards that mathematics is difficult; they should keep away their unpleasant experiences about mathematics and present favorable ones to encourage them to develop interest in mathematics.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Emotional intelligence and Clinical Performance of Selected Nursing Students in the Province of Quezon Medel O. Cabalsa justineburnett75@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 1:41 – 2:00 Researchers found out that intelligence quotient is a predictor of an individual’s success.. Since then, emotional intelligence has been identified by different organizations as distinguishing factor of outstanding performance and competence. In view of this concept, the study was conducted to primarily determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical performance grade towards the development of a handbook on harnessing emotions in the clinical setting. The study used a descriptive correlation method of research involving 610 fourth year nursing students in all Colleges of Nursing in Quezon Province, using the Slovin’s formula. A standardized Emotional Intelligence Test was developed by the Institute of Health and Human Potential. The said test measures an individual’s self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management. The study utilized frequency distribution, percentage, Wilcoxon Rank, Kruskal – Wallis Test and Pearson r correlation. The study concludes that a significant relationship exists between emotional intelligence and clinical performance grade.

The Professional Development Needs of ESL Teachers: A Hong Kong Perspective Barley S. Y. Mak barleymak@cuhk.edu.hk mak4088@gmail.com The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A –2:11 – 2:30 Within the context of the implementation of educational reforms by the Hong Kong Government, there have been changing needs for the professional development (PD) of ESL teachers in Hong Kong. This study investigates the current practice and future needs of a group of ESL teachers who are members of a knowledge sharing community project which aims to encourage teachers to engage in various professional development activities ranging from reading educational materials, sharing and reflecting on their teaching experiences and educational knowledge with peers through the e-learning platform of the Hong Kong Education City as well as to facilitate the organisation and development of digital curriculum resources, teaching and learning activities, school-based curricula and programmes by teachers through various modes of professional development and reflective practices. A survey aiming at gauging their experience of and attitudes towards PD produced a 100% response. Results from the study indicated that experienced, well-qualified ESL teachers perceive the needs for PD from a broader perspective than their less-qualified, less-experienced peers who are driven by more immediate needs. These findings resonate with those from countries where PD is viewed as an integral part of ongoing teacher development. The paper concludes with the recommendations that the current findings would be augmented by a further, qualitative study.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

CARESS Educational Intervention Material (Complication Prevention and Rehabilitation for Stroke Survivors) Dhenalyn D. Aquino dhenasia03@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 2:31 – 2:50 Cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as “stroke”, is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Stroke is a catastrophic event for survivors and their families and because most of them experience limitations after discharge, continuing and targeted education is crucial to minimize stroke’s impact. Believing in the importance of health education in every nursing aspect, this study assessed the competence of care providers of stroke survivors which served as basis for the development of educational material to help stroke survivors and their families to have better understanding of the disease to progress toward recovery and improve their health and quality of life. The descriptive method of research was used, utilizing questionnaire with structured responses supplemented by interviews. The statistical treatment used weighted mean and Analysis of Variance. The findings revealed that the care providers are only “moderately knowledgeable” about stroke and only “often” do the activities for rehabilitation. There is a direct relationship between the knowledge and the skills of the care providers. They have the same level of knowledge, skills, and attitude regarding stroke and rehabilitation process as to their age and educational attainment. Development of an educational intervention material was needed to enhance the competencies of the care providers.

Effective Pre-school Management as the Foundation of Quality Education Khandaker Ummul Kahirun Fatima International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B –2:51–3:10 Pre-school gives an orientation to a child before it goes to a formal school. Studies also suggest that enrolment in pre-school education can enhance children’s cognitive skills, literacy and social skills, necessary for success as well as promoting school achievement in the elementary grades retention and increase levels of school attainment (Schweinhart et al., 1993; Campbell & Ramey, 1994; Reynolds et. al.,1996; Ou, 2003. But, there is a scarcity of quality pre-schools in Bangladesh though there are a large number of pre-schools all over the country. In the absence of clear government policy and guidelines, these schools are conducted as private properties by individuals and groups who run these on commercial basis and fail to provide quality education. This study aims at investigating the obstacles to effective management of pre-schools and the development of a model of establishing a large number of pre-schools at the initiative of the private sector under the patronage of the government. Data collection and the subsequent analyses were guided by qualitative research methods against the theoretical framework of Leaver’s(2011) “experiential education”. From this research, four themes were derived, namely (1) Quality management (2)Quality teacher (3) Quality Parent Teacher Association (PTA) and (4) Quality leadership of the Principal. These themes are discussed with reference to the finding of other studies in effective management and the implication for the continuum of the education in Bangladesh is pointed out.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Determinants of Faculty Research Productivity in Augustinian Higher Education Institutions in Luzon Alvin V. Nuqui alvin_nuqui2002@yahoo.com La Consolacion University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A -3:21 – 3:40 This study assesses the determinants of full time faculty research productivity in Augustinian higher education institutions (HEIs) in Luzon in aid of developing a model that will improve the research productivity of faculty members. Findings of the study suggest that there is still a need for Augustinian HEIs in Luzon to further advance the faculty members’ educational experiences and background in research particularly in giving exposures to current professional literature and in the dissemination of research findings. Majority of the higher education faculty of Augustinian higher education institutions have recognized the value of scholarship as shown by their interest in doing research and taking small steps in attaining real work of research scholar. The findings of the study indicate that there is so much that can be desired in terms of improving the research productivity of the faculty members of Augustinian schools. Faculty research productivity in Augustinian HEIs in Luzon is significantly influenced by the extent of research promotion of institutions in terms of promotion of research environment and providing mentors’ assistance. Augustinian schools just like any other Philippine HEIs haggle similar problems and issues on research productivity such as budget availability, institutional support mechanism and others, which is expected by the Commission on Higher Education to be visible. A research productivity model was evolved from the findings of the study to further improve the research productivity of faculty members of Augustinian HEIs in Luzon.

Grammar in the Language Classroom: A Case Study of Teachers’ Attitudes and their Actual Behaviour in the Class Mozhgan Azimi azimimozhgan@yahoo.com University of Malaya, Malaysia (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 3:41 – 4:00 The purpose of this paper was to explore the language teachers’ attitudes towards teaching English grammar. In addition, this study compared the teachers’ beliefs and their actual behaviours in the class. The “Action Theory” was chosen regarding this issue. It was investigated if there was any compatibility between their beliefs and practice or not and in case of incompatibility, the subjects were aware of it or not. This paper also tried to explore the reasons of this incompatibility as well as to find out the factors that influenced the teachers’ actual behaviours in the class. The present study is a case study done in a semi-government language centre in Mashhad, Iran. Three female language teachers were selected as subjects for this research. To identify the language teachers’ attitudes towards teaching English grammar, a series of observations was done. And also, some interviews with three English teachers were planned to make known their attitudes towards teaching grammar. The Constant Comparative Method (CCM) was used to analyze the data obtained from observations and interviews. The findings of this study revealed that sometimes there was no compatibility between beliefs and actual behaviours. And, most of the time, teachers were not aware of this incompatibility. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 188-206 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Advanced Cardiac Life Support Practice of Critical Nurses in Selected Hospitals in Quezon Province: Evaluative Basis for the Formation of Independent Training – Learning Material Marc Oneel C. Alvarez oneelmarc@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) Hall A - 4:01 – 4:20 American Heart Association, a leading organization in research and innovations of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) promulgated their latest 2010 guidelines. As such, an investigation was needed whether nurses in Quezon Province adopt this new protocol. This study aims to evaluate the ACLS practices of nurses in selected hospitals in Quezon using the 2010 guidelines and to formulate training material. Descriptive research design was used utilizing questionnaire as the main instrument. The study included 52 out of 64 critical care nurses from ten hospitals. The study revealed that on positive areas/aspects of ACLS (Equipment Availability and Utilization, Cardiopharmacological management, Algorithm and Workflow, and Teamwork and Dynamics) tertiary and private hospitals nurses were seen with higher compliance. Tertiary and private hospital nurses yielded more instances of committing outdated practices. All the nurses have poor compliance in avoiding outdated practice while having the highest compliance in Teamwork and Dynamics. There is significant difference in the level of compliance between secondary and tertiary and between public and private hospitals on the four positive aspects while none seen in the negative aspect. The researcher concluded that tertiary and private hospitals have higher compliance than their counterparts.

Documentary Media as Effective Tool in the Promotion of Awareness Regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)on Men Having Sex with Other Men (MSM) in Lucena City Donards Kim A. Tañedo donards_tanedo@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 4:31 – 4:50 This study measures the effectiveness of documentary media as a tool in promoting the awareness of men having sex with men (MSM) on sexually transmitted infections. This study was conducted in the town proper of Lucena. A purposive sampling had been utilized by the researcher. All of the surveyed men in the said city served as the subject for the study. The researcher employed a survey type questionnaire to determine the effectiveness of documentary media in the enhancement of level of awareness of MSM practitioners regarding sexually transmitted infections. Based on the gathered data the following findings were revealed. Out of the 20 respondents that have been asked to determine all reasons or motivations for engaging in MSM practices that apply, 32.56% go for Pleasure, 20.93% are in a Gay Relationship and are Curious, 13.95% as Income, and 11.63% engaged themselves in MSM activities because of Peer Pressure. The level of awareness of the respondents before the administration of tool as revealed by the scores in the pretest suggests unawareness with facts regarding STI in general and specific STI such as HIV/AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis B, HPV, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and Chlamydia with a total weighted mean of 2.57. After the administration of the tool, the scores in the post test revealed significant increase in terms of agreement with truthful statements. The tool came effective as the results fall in the category of Strongly Aware. On the average, the respondents strongly deemed the documentary media as acceptable in terms of its Orderliness and Managements, Clarity and Credibility of Message, Creativity and Design, and Overall Impact and Value. There is a difference on the scores of the respondents in the pretest and post test after the administration of the health teaching aid. Based on the findings and conclusions, the researcher recommends the following: The documentary can be utilized in the promotion of awareness to a more general and bigger audience. It can be used in symposia, seminars, forums and conventions that aid in the promotion of awareness on STI; the tool can be applied in community immersions and can be utilized by the City Health Office as health teaching aid; future researchers can make this as a reference for further study with the permission from the researcher.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Development of Local Content-based Science Curriculum for Madrasah Tsnawiyah (Islamic Middle School) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Jamil Suprihatiningrum jamil_suprihatiningrum@yahoo.com State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 4:51 – 5:10 Indonesia has been implementing a basically competency-based curriculum which provide a large room for local potentials to be incorporated into the curriculum. This paper aims at describing the process of developing and implementing local content-based science curriculum, by using the case of the embedment of salak pondoh into the Islamic middle school science curriculum. The development of the curriculum followed the 4-D model of the research based development, i.e. Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The Define phase was conducted through a thorough analysis of the national curriculum, local potentials as well as the characteristics of students and school environment. The Design phase was characterized by the development of the prototype of the curriculum. The prototype of the curriculum was then reviewed by 6 middle school science teachers from 3 types of middle schools in the district. The revised version of the curriculum was then implemented in the Public Madrasah Tsanawiyah (PMTs) of Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The result of this study shows that the prototype of the curriculum was given a good score by the teachers. It also was implemented in the PMTs and can increase the learning outcome of students well and also improve the cooperative and self-reliance skills. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 254-265 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Difficulties in Anatomy and Physiology as Perceived by Second Year Nursing Students: A Basis for E-Design Material Michelle M. Cueto pinkymitch@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall A - 5: 11 – 5:30 This study is focused on the identification of difficulties in Anatomy and Physiology and development of E-design material. Topics presented in E-design material were Nervous and Respiratory system. The descriptive method of research was used to determine the effectiveness of E-design material, pretest and posttest scores were compared using the z-test. The weighted mean was employed to identify difficulties in Anatomy and Physiology and to determine the acceptability of the E-design material. The findings revealed that difficult topics are Nervous and Respiratory system. An E-design material was developed as remedial tool in teaching the topics. Mean scores of students in pretest and posttest are 27.44 and 49.14 respectively with z-test value of 22.33. The pretest and posttest means are significantly different at .05 level. Thus, hypothesis is rejected. Degree of perceptions on E-design material in terms of screen layout, unity of design from slide to slide, font, video clip, color, illustrations and music background have computed weighted mean of 3.51, 3.65, 3.45, 3.62, 3.57, 3.55 and 3.44 respectively with a descriptive rating of highly acceptable. The developed E-design material is an effective remedial tool. It is recommended to be adopted and made available to instructors and students in Anatomy and Physiology.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Teachers and Students’ Preferred Method of Evaluation In Anatomy and Physiology Bernardo C. Lunar colonelc4b@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 1: 01- 1: 20 The proponent, through this study, made a follow-up on the recommendation from the action paper entitled “An Analysis of Two Methods of Instruction in Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Classes” (Lunar, et.al, 2008). In the above mentioned study, it was found out that there was no significant difference in the achievement of students when they were evaluated using the computer-aided examination and move-system examination. This study ascertained the preferred method of evaluation of achievement in Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Class, with the teachers and students as respondents of the study. After the data were gathered and interpreted, the following conclusions are drawn. Computer- aided practical examination is more preferred by both teachers and students. It is because students find it less stressful than the move- system since they are not exposed to actual specimens and they need not go from one station to another. The teachers preferred it for ease of preparation and administration. However, the move- system type of test is preferred by some students for the reason that students perceived that physical setting is more controlled in this type of evaluation and they prefer to see actual specimens rather than to see them in slides of power-point presentation. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 18-29 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Implementation of Legal Aid Service and Education: A Case Study in University Utara Malaysia Assoc. Prof. Dr Asmah Laili Yeon Government and International Studies Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B –1: 21 – 1:40 Legal aid is regarded as an act in providing access to justice by ensuring equality before the law, the right to counsel and the right to a fair trial. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implementation of legal aid services and education in UUM. The UUM Legal Aid Center (UUMLAC) was established in 2009 and it objective is to provide legal advice to the community. The study was conducted using a case study method and the secondary data gathered is from the center. Further, the law programme of UUM also adopted real cases from UUMLAC in teaching and learning. The duty of consultants of the center is to provide basic legal advice to community and UUMLAC also collaborate with the Kedah/Perlis Legal Aid Department. Statistical data shows that from August 2011 to February 2012 there were 47 cases referred to UUMLAC. For teaching and learning purpose, 93 final year LL.B students who are registered under the Professional Practice II course were grouped and assigned real case from UUMLAC. The study concludes that the implementation of activities in legal aid services and education among law lecturers and LL.B students is part of corporate social responsibility of the University and a positive way to enhance marketability of UUM graduates.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Research and Development Plans and Programs of the University of Cebu, Philippines Mauro Allan P. Amparado mapamparado@gmail.com University of Cebu – Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 1: 41 – 2:00 This study assesses the research and development plans and programs of a university. The findings served as bases for a proposed research and development agenda. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational design. There were 125 faculty researchers and 11 PRCs of the University of Cebu – Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue or UCLM who served as respondents. A 4-part researcher-made questionnaire was utilized as data collection tool. Statistical treatment used were Simple Percentage, Weighted Mean, Hypothetical Mean Range, Chi-square Test of Independence, Contingency Coefficient and Sum of Ranks. The research agenda of the university was based on the Commission on Higher Education Zonal Research Center’s Priority Thrusts. The organizational set-up was decentralized and the campus had a 3-year research development plan which was based on the objectives of the University Research Center. Only 1 faculty research was conducted for the last 3 years. Majority of the faculty researchers were below 30 years of age, female, married and with units in a master’s program. Most were Junior Instructors and had less than 3 relevant trainings locally, regionally, nationally and internationally. They were moderately capable in the 5 phases of the research process. Highest educational attainment and level of research capability was moderate positive in correlation. The faculty researchers perceived that they were moderately supported by the administrators, coteachers, funding institutions and other research institutions. The top three problems that PRCs encountered when motivating researchers to undertake faculty research were: too much teaching load; faculty research incentives; guidelines of faculty research grant; and responsibilities of faculty researchers in the department. Based on the findings of the study, the research and development plans and programs need continued improvement and support.

Human Resources Information System for the University of Cebu Mark N. Abadiano markabadiano@yahoo.com University of Cebu – Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 2:11 – 2:30 This paper has the aim to provide solutions to the dilemma of the manual human resources system recently used by the University of Cebu which is very slow in processing the request and inquiries. The proposed system will enable the faculty and staff to transact queries faster in the database server and automatically they will be able to obtain information that they need, and make necessary update. A descriptive method was used and questionnaires were distributed and later tabulated to determine the needs of a human resources information system for the University of Cebu. Majority of the respondents agreed that there is a need for a human resources information system to make their transactions hassle free and convenient. These respondents are simulated for the implementation of the project.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Employer’s Perception on the Syllabus Content of Practicum Courses for the LL.B Programme in the Universiti Utara Malaysia Mumtaj Hassan mumtaj@uum.edu.my Universiti Utara Malaysia – Malaysia (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 2:31 – 2:50 Practicum courses are guided work experiences that consist of a project undertaken for or in collaboration with an organization. This study is an exploratory research carried out to evaluate objectively the present structure of the practicum course for LL.B students at University Utara Malaysia. The study examined the employer’s perception of the syllabus contents of practicum I and II. The specific aspects of the syllabus contents examined were the employer’s perception towards the objectives of the course, learning outcome and the duration of the course. The items also include the content as to the administrative, report writing, judgment, supervisory aspect and the method of assessment. The study was carried out amongst the experienced legal practitioners who were the assessors of the students undergoing practical training at their placements. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire. A total of 51 questionnaires were sent out. The total responses received were 43 (83.31%). The findings indicate that the majority of respondents generally (more than 80%) agree that the syllabus contents were good and suitable for practicum I and II courses. They are of the opinion that there is a need to extend the existing duration of the practicum training for the students.

Research Culture of Private Education Institution

Pyrene T. Quilang quilangpyrene@yahoo.com University of Saint Louis – Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B –2:51 – 3:10 Indicators of an established research culture such as research infrastructure, research capability, research budget, research linkages and research productivity in an academic setting are wanting in the region, that is why this study was conceived to identify the presence of these indicators in ten private HEI in the region. The research agenda of private institutions in region 2 emanated from the framework of the National Higher Education Research Agenda (NHERA), the institutions’ vision mission and the core competencies of their faculty. Most of the private HEIs especially the autonomous institutions grant financial and psychic rewards for institutional researches only to motivate faculty members to conduct research. This proves that research has an outstanding value in determining the standard of a tertiary school among its other functions of instruction and community extension. In a school’s quest for accreditation, institutional quality assessment evaluation (IQUAME) or the well-sought after autonomous status, research is given a heavy weight in determining the quality of HEI’s.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Integration of Information and Communications Technology Tools in the Instructional Program of a University Anna Liza B. Son University of Cebu, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B –3: 21 – 3:40 The study ascertained the integration of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools in the instructional program of a University. Based on the findings of the study, a Development Plan for the University was proposed. The study utilized the descriptive research design and a researcher-made instrument. It was conducted at the University of Cebu (Main campus and Maritime Education and Training Center campus) with 221 respondents who are regular/tenured full-time professional and general education faculty of the University. Findings revealed that the respondents perceived ICT tools as very beneficial in teaching and competent in the use of ICT tools. Hardware resources were less accessible whereas software and network resources were accessible. Quality of technical support was very good whereas academic and human support was good. Use of internet and other online services were the staff development activities sponsored by the university. Frequency of hardware and software resources was semestral while network resources were monthly. ICT tools were used in creating and updating lesson plans, syllabi and other teaching aides. Furthermore, the top three encountered problems were the lack of training opportunities, insufficient number of ICT hardware, and insufficient time for teachers to prepare lessons using ICT tools. In conclusion, integration of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools in the instructional program entails enhancement of competencies, accessibility, quality of support, staff development activities, and utilization of hardware, software and network resources.

The Pathology of Teachers’ Professional Development in Iranian University Academics Fouzieh Sabzian fouzieh.sabzian@gmail.com University Sains Malaysia, Malaysia (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 3:41 – 4:00 Teachers today are under growing pressure to perform. But most of them especially new teachers are not adequately prepared to meet the needs of their students. Unfortunately, the need for quality professional development for those in the teaching profession all too often goes unmet. Methodologically speaking, a qualitative method has been used for conducting the present study. The participants in qualitative section of the study were the university academics and head of departments from an Elmi Karbordi Univeristy. Participants have been selected by using purposive sampling in two different groups. A non-random and purposive sample for intensive interviews and discovering the deficiencies are more suitable. The focus group interviews were conducted by using the “Interview Guide”; however, a list of questions and subjects were considered in focus group discussions. Therefore, this research enjoyed a detailed group interviews with focus on review of pathology and limitations of the professional development system for teachers. The focus groups findings have been analyzed by classification, categorization, and interpretations procedures. Research results have been reported based on the main limitations and deficiencies of professional development system of university academics and finally some recommendations for improving the Faculty development system in Iran have been made.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills through Reflective Journal Writing: Basis for a Proposed Enrichment Tools in Transformative Learning Class in Physical Science Joy Talens jydlpn@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa – Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 4:01 – 4:20 Physical Science involves study of non – living things. Since it is being offered among non – majors, teachers surmount challenges particularly appreciation for scientific inquiry. Likewise, De la Salle Lipa exposes students to transformative learning approach to attain its expected La Sallian Graduate Attributes and one of which is being a critical thinker. Thus, this study assessed the extent by which critical thinking skills were enhanced through reflective journal writing. Using the descriptive instructional method of research, this study used the Provus Evaluation Model in its approach to assessment of major variables concerned. Purposive sampling technique was used among 80 Second Year Bachelor of Science in Accountancy and Bachelor of Science in Legal Management who were enrolled during the second semester of School Year 2011 – 2012. Data and other information needed were gathered through questionnaires, informal interviews, observations, documentary analysis and the use of triangulation of data. Results revealed that indicators of critical thinking skills have been found to have been “enhanced to a great extent” However, in consideration of the Total Quality Assurance (TQA), it was found that gap existed between the mean assessment of the respondents and the intent of TQA. An enhancement guide has been proposed to introduce and implement reflective journal writing among non – majors in college or universities’ quest to continuously improve instructional program and attain total quality assurance. Published in IAMURE International Journal of Education Vol 2 No. 1 March 2012 pp 123-166 Print ISSN 2244-1476 • Online ISSN 2244-1484. The journal is being certified QMS ISO 9001:2008 by AJA Registrars, UK

Plagiarism Detection as a Mechanism for Quality Assurance for Journal Publication in an Asean University Jun Brian P. Tubongbanua briantubongbanua@gmail.com Liceo de Cagayan University, Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B – 4:31 – 4:50 The ease by which researchers access information from the Web without proper documentation of sources breeds plagiarism. The study determined the efficacy of technology-based quality assurance of international researches adopted by the Asian Scientific Journal Publications of Liceo de Cagayan University. Using a descriptive research design involving 150 specimen scientific articles both local (n=128) and foreign (n=22), the study examined the state of readability, originality and plagiarism before and after the peer review and editorial process and interventions. Results show that the amount of plagiarism decreased significantly, indicating improvement in the originality of articles. The academic readability measured by the Gunning Fog Index and Flesch Reading Ease also improved significantly after peer review and editorial process. Foreign manuscripts were more difficult to understand in one reading and were best suited for senior tertiary and graduate level students. The local manuscripts were suited for sophomore tertiary students. Originality was significantly correlated with academic readability while plagiarism was significantly correlated with academic readability and originality. The study concludes that technology-based quality assurance of researches is effective in improving readability and originality and in reducing plagiarism in scientific articles.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Impact of Information Education and Communication in Improving Health of School Going Adolescents Sukhneet Suri sukhneets@yahoo.co.in University of Delhi – India (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 4:51- 5:10 Primary prevention through educational interventions is the need of the hour to curb the present pandemic of premature coronary heart diseases (CHD) in developing countries such as India. Objectives: To study the present health status; identify the presence (if any) of CHD risk factors and; to develop, design and assess the impact of need-based Information Education and Communication (IEC) package. Based upon written consent from school (LIG/MIG/HIG) authorities, parent(s) and subject; data were gathered from 300 adolescent boys and girls (>16 - 18years) on weight, height, serum lipids, haemoglobin, blood-pressure, dietary habits, life-style practices and utilized for the development of need-based IEC package. Overweight/obesity, hypercholestrolemia, elevated blood-pressure, sedentary lifestyle and a proportionally high contribution of energy from fat/carbohydrates were the major risk factors. Educational interventions resulted in a significant improvement in the Nutrition Knowledge Test scores (t=33.15; p=0.000). The total cholesterol, LDLc, VLDLc and triglycerides dropped by 11.9%, 22.7%, 19.3% and 19.1% respectively; the drop being greater in obese/ overweight. Positive changes were observed in several other parameters. IEC packages can be utilized effectively for the dissemination of key messages and hence help in curbing the rising incidence of CHD.

Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Selected Medicinal Plants Used by Philippine Mamanwa in Mindanao Levitah C. Mapatac chingmap@yahoo.com Caraga State University – Philippines (May 29 – Day 2) · Hall B - 5:11 – 5:30 The Mamanwas live in the northeastern provinces of Surigao and Agusan del Norte, Philippines and they rely on the subsistence economy which is a hand- to- mouth existence. Due to hardship, the Mamanwa tend to use herbal medicine for their health and medicinal needs especially for child care. The study envisioned to provide scientific evidence on the use of the study plans traditionally utilized as herbal medicines by the Philippine Mamanwa of Mindanao for child health care for fifteen selected herbal plants. Phytochemical screening for alkaloid, antharaquinones, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and tannins was done as well as antimicrobial activity of crude ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the ethnomedicinal plant against the test microorganisms of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial result from ethanolic and methanolic extract shows only three herbal plants were found to be inactive with the four test organisms and the rest of the test plants were partially active, active and very active. Phytochemical analysis showed that fourteen herbal plants contain anthraquinones, alkaloid and steroids are found in thirteen herbal plants; flavonoids is present in nine herbal plants; and, five herbal plants contain saponins and tannins.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Effectiveness of the Review Center for Teacher Education in a State University of the Philippines Juanita B. Pascua juanita16_pascua@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A – 8:30 – 8:50 This study analyzed the effectiveness of the Review Center for Teacher Education of the Nueva Vizcaya State University. This study used descriptive research design to describe the extent of effectiveness of the LET Review Program. Likewise, it was used to analyze the effectiveness of the program based on the proportion of passers produced and the difference in the LET mean rating of reviewees and non-reviewees. Document analysis was utilized to determine the LET results. The result revealed that the following areas of the review program were described as highly effective: content, review materials, resource speakers and management of the review program. Attendance of LET takers, both elementary and secondary levels to review program increases the chance of passing the LET. Hence, the University LET review program was effective. The effectiveness of the review center enhances LET rating performance of those who attended the review classes. Reviewees perceived that there was a need for more clarification in Mathematics as well as in Philosophical Foundations of Education. Both subjects are highly cognitive; moreover, both required to address also the affective domain of the learners. The top most problems which are on ventilation and on overcrowdedness are due to increase in enrolment which made the venue become crowded.

Mentoring Activities of Senior Nurses and Performance of Nurse Trainees Danilo C. Olaer, Jr. danilojr_olaer100@yahoo.com University of Cebu – Banilad, Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A - 8:51 - 9:10 Mentoring is an important aspect in any field of discipline. It fosters an environment for the novice to imbibe the real work setting, thus, making the latter develop his full potential. The study ascertained the mentoring activities of senior nurses and the performance of nurse trainees. It utilized descriptive– correlational research design using researcher-made questionnaire. The study was conducted at St. Vincent General Hospital, Cebu City, Philippines. The research subjects were the senior nurses while the respondents were the nurse trainees who underwent a training program in the said institution. The data were statistically treated using simple percentage, weighted mean and Pearson-r. Based on the key findings of the study, the mentoring activities exhibited by the senior nurses include those that reflect their roles as standard prodder, model and envisioner. The respondents’ performance was found to be satisfactory based on the records of Human Resource Department. There was a significant relationship between the mentoring activities exhibited by the subjects and the performance of the respondents. The researcher concluded that performance of nurse trainees was dependent on the mentoring activities of the senior nurses. Thus, the researcher recommended implementing a mentorship training course for the senior nurses and monitoring the performance of nurse trainees by requiring very satisfactory rating as basis for hiring to deliver maximum level of quality patient care.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Effects of Canola Oil on Lipid Levels of Patients Suffering From Dyslipidemia Sukhneet Suri ukhneets@yahoo.co.in University of Delhi India (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A - 9:11 - 9:30 Canola oil (CO) amalgamates cardio-protective nutritional attributes such as high oleic and linolenic acid and a low linoleic to linolenic acid ratio. It nearly meets the dietary recommendations of fatty acids given by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), Adult Treatment Panel III report (2002). Thus, CO was selected as a substitute for regular cooking oil, which is the principal contributor of fatty acids in India. To assess the effect on risk factors of dyslipidemia and hence CVD upon substituting and discontinuing CO in the daily dietaries of dyslipidemic patients. Dyslipidemic patients (N=50), aged 35 to 60 years were randomly enrolled from the Cardiology out patient department of Safdarjung Hospital; according to NCEP (2002) criteria for dyslipidemia (low density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDLc ≥130 mg/dl) and upon obtaining an informed written consent. CO was substituted in place of regular cooking/frying oil for 45 days followed by its discontinuation. Data were gathered at baseline (pre); on 46th day (post I); and on 91st day (post II). Substitution with CO brought a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) by 16.07 percent (p=0.000); LDLc by 15.3 percent (p=0.004) and TC/ high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio by 12.56 percent (p=0.04). Linear regression results indicated favourable change in lipids among high risk patients. Resumption of the usual oil showed an insignificant increase in the TC, LDLc, HDLc, TC to HDLc ratio, blood pressure and BMI. CO holds the potential for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease as it exerted significant hypolipidemic effect on atherogenic lipids.

Development and Validation of Automobile Technology Learning Environment Inventory in Tertiary Institutions of Nigeria Isma’ila Y. Shehu ismailys2003@yahoo.com Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Nigeria (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A - 9:31- 9:50 Researches confirmed that a strong correlation existed between students’ perceptions of psychosocial learning environment and their outcomes. Most of these researches were carried out in the area of science education, and almost non-existence or just very few were conducted in the area of automobile technology, more especially in tertiary institutions. This paper investigates students’ psychosocial perceptions of Automobile Technology learning environment in tertiary institutions of Nigeria. The objectives of the paper includes developing and validating Automobile Technology Learning Environment Inventory (ATLEI) and then using it to determine students’ perceptions of their actual and preferred automobile technology learning environments, determine whether differences exist between students’ perceptions of their actual and preferred automobile technology learning environments. Factor analysis of the instrument provided strong evidence that the instrument is valid and reliable to measure students’ perceptions of automobile technology learning environments in tertiary institutions of Nigeria. The findings revealed that the automobile technology students preferred a more favorable and positive learning environment in the tertiary institutions of Nigeria. Significantly, the findings of the study may provide an insight to the teachers and other educational stakeholders on the students’ perceptions of learning environments and the feedback could be used in improving the quality of teaching and learning automobile technology in Nigeria.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Leaf to Uplift Mindoro: Rehabilitation and Propagation of Nipa (Nypa friticans wurmb) in Occidental, Mindoro, Philippines Leah V. Cadiao velorialeah@yahoo.com Occidental Mindoro State College Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A - 10:01 – 10:20 Nypa fruticans wurmb commonly called nipa is the only palm considered as mangrove. It plays an important role in stabilizing river banks preventing, soil erosion and producing various useful products. In Occidental Mindoro, this species is dwindling and might be considered endangered if not given utmost attention at this point in time. The location of the site was mapped out using GPS coordinates. The assessment of nipa was conducted along Amindan River, Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro with a plantable area of 7,800 sq m. Nipa species density shows 379 plants on the right side of the river bank and 414 plants on the left side. The seaward zone has the highest density of 770 plants/ha and middle ward zone of 630 plants/ha. The least dense is the landward zone of 247 plants/ha. A survey questionnaire and unstructured interview were administered and conducted respectively among 30 randomly selected stakeholders. Continuous consultation and partnership with the community and other stakeholders; provision of financial and technical support from collaborating agencies, nursery establishment and additional trainings and seminar to enhance the participation of the community are the most important strategies done in the implementation of the project.

From Teaching to Learning: A Case Study of Challenges Facing Educational Reform in Jordan

Mohammed Saleh Banihani Yarmouk University – Irbid, Jordan (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall A - 10:21 – 10:40 The Jordanian educational system is embarking on major educational reforms. One main component of these reforms is diverting the educational system toward more learning rather than rote memorization. However, many obstacles hinder the desired change. This qualitative research seeks to understand the main challenges facing educational reform in Jordan.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

UM-Assisted Resettlement: The MAA-Sta. Cruz Experience Gerlieta S. Ruiz gerly55@yahoo.com University of Mindanao – Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) Hall A - 10:41 – 11:00 The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the experiences, social support mechanisms and life changes of families who were resettled to Lubo, Sta. Cruz in 2004. This study is basically a qualitative type of research conducted from May to August, 2009. A Focus Group Discussion was conducted for the participants to relate their experiences about the resettlement and the key informants interviews were done for the collateral information. All participants expressed the difficulty they experienced due to poor site selection, hasty decision and lack of consultation among members of BUMUPSAI. Of the 58 resettlement beneficiaries, eighteen (18) remained in the site while others returned to Maa because of economic reasons. There were agencies which provided assistance during the relocation and the host community especially the LGU of Sta. Cruz which formally accepted them. Since then, BugacMaa Urban Poor Settlers Association Incorporated has been allowed to have a regular representative in the Lubo Community Development Council while the municipal government of Sta. Cruz promised to provide the BUMAPSAI basic infrastructures and services urgently needed.

The Challenges of Implementing Geographic Information System (GIS) in Policing: The Case of Baguio City Nathaniel Vincent A. Lubrica natlubrica@yahoo.com University of the Cordilleras, Philippines (May 30– Day 3) · Hall A - 11:01- 11:20 In the past decades, Geographic Information System (GIS) became a powerful tool in policing. However, a niche in the andragogy of GIS training was found. Thus, a Triple Feedback Hybrid (TFH) GIS Learning Framework was formulated to facilitate the learning process. A GIS utility model (GUM) was developed with respect to a real and specific problem scenario. Afterwards, the learning objectives of the training module syllabus were conveniently contrived as a simulation of the GUM procedure. In connection hereto, module testing through trainings were conducted to equip police personnel with GIS application. It was found that participant attitude and leadership commitment played a central role in GIS learning and implementation. Moreover, focus groups with staggered phasing of trainings provided more attainable learning objectives, adequate time for mastery, and opportunity for reflective learning. After more than a year of dedicated research, the Baguio City Police (BCPO) is now implementing GIS as a tool in rationalizing police operations, enhancing crime prevention, and engaging community policing.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Working and Non-working Mothers’ Perception on the Impact of their Employment on the Children M Sultana Alam sultana@fsk.upsi.edu.my University Pendidikan Sultan Idris (May 30 – Day 3) Hall B –8:30 – 8:50 Recently., the numbers of working mothers with young children is increasing. The increasing trend of working mothers’ participation in the labour force poses challenges in families especially in the developing countries. One of these challenges concerns managing the household as well as their profession, as mothers’ employment has a significant impact on children well-being. Previous research on the impact of mother’s employment on children has been found both positive and negative influence on the wellbeing of the family. The present study attempts to examine mothers’ perception on the impact of their children academic, intellectual and cognitive development. The research is based on primary information and data collection. In this research a survey to working and nonworking mothers was made in the selected study areas. A total of 140 respondents were considered in this study. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in this research. Together with examining both working and nonworking mothers’ perception, the results show that although there are negative impacts of mothers’ employment on children, working mothers are able to contribute to the children’s development compared to non-working mothers. The study found that the mothers’ intellectual and economic resources contribute to the children’s academic and cognitive development.

The Possibility of Applying Peter Senge’s Learning Organization at Secondary Schools in Jordan to Enhance Students’ Achievement Mohammed Ali Abuashour moashour_jo@yahoo.com Yarmouk University, Jordan (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B – 8: 51 – 9:10 The secondary school in Jordan is going through a stage of reform to cope with new changes and development around the world to increase and enhance the management practices and styles. One of the new approaches that could be followed in this regard is trying to apply Peter Senge’s Learning Organizations hoping that this new paradigm will be positively reflected on students achievements at those schools. This paper reports the results of interviews with the ten secondary school principals asking them about the possibility of applying the fifth discipline of Peter Senge’ and their effect on students’ achievements.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

How Teachers’ Motivating Image Affect Students’ Linguistic Performance Charito G. Ong charito19752002@yahoo.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B – 9:11 – 9:30 This research examined how the unique source of human factor, the teachers’ motivative style; shed impact on the feedbacks delivered to students - which may then influence students’ follow-up linguistic behaviors. Linguistic performance is the result of interaction between the individual and the environment. Descriptive in nature, the research catered to the following objectives: the teaching styles of teachers, the motivative factors employed by English teachers in their language classes and the students’ reactions to the motivation utilized by these instructors. Language games were adopted to engage students in tasks and to encourage their verbal potential in designing their own linguistic game episodes. Selected were freshmen Nursing students who showed no obvious differences in creativity potential as participants. They were then divided into four groups: Executive, Legislative, Judicial Type Suggestion group, and control group. After the first game episode design, participants reviewed the guiding gatekeepers’ diverse suggestions and went on to their second game episode design. Twice game episode designs were scored by assessing gatekeepers. The researcher hypothesized that teachers with diverse motivative styles could influence differently on students’ creativity performance. Besides, through designing game episodes in a problem solving based gaming environment, students could develop higher-level abstract thinking ability and linguistic thinking ability. Notably, students are hugely dependent on their teachers’ motivative attitude inside a classroom setting. This paper aims to present various classroom environments where learning takes place with the supreme influence of the motivative attitude of instructors. More often than not, these students showed attempts of a no-no learning refusal to learn in the absence of motivative teacher attitude. More importantly, the research revealed that students’ attention span varies greatly as this was dependent on the teaching styles employed by the respective instructors.

The Relation Between Teachers’ Thinking Styles and Girl Students’ Spiritual Intelligence (SI) in Tehran High Schools, Iran Mona Omidi mona_omidi62@yahoo.com Azad University of Rudehen, Iran (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B - 9:31- 9:50 The main goal of this study was to examine the relation between teachers’ thinking styles and girl students’ Spiritual Intelligence (SI) in Tehran high schools. The research method in terms of data gathering was descriptive-integrative and in terms of goals applied research. The population of this research includes all 155,859 students and 12,571 teachers in Tehran girl high schools . According to “Morgan table” 384 students and 375 teachers were determined as sample, and selected by Cluster and Stratified Random Sampling methods. Data gathering tools were two standardized questionnaires. Emren and Demir Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire (2007) and Stronberg thinking style questionnaire were applied and evaluated for validity. Cronbach’s alpha was used to establish the reliability of the use of instruments in the study which got 0.89 for Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire and 0.81 for thinking styles. A use was made of spss and Excel softwares to analyze data at descriptive (central and dispersal tendency, frequency tables and charts) and inferential (pearson correlation, multiple regression and one sample t test) levels. The research results revealed that teachers used a high level of executive and legislative thinking styles and judicial style approximately slightly. The students were above average in terms of concept and meaning, virtuous behaviour, mindfulness, problem solvin and grace. But, they were under median regarding personal. Self -awareness and consciousness, and average in terms of intellectuality or trans -rational knowing, transcendence, extrasensory perception and being holistic. There was a direct relation between executive thinking style and intellectuality or trans-rational knowing, virtuous behaviour, extrasensory perception and mindfulness. There was also an apposite ralation between executive style and problem solving. There was a direct relation between legislative thinking style and concept and meaning, transcendence, self -awareness, extrasensory perception, mindfulness, consciousness and being holistic. An apposite relation between legislative style and grace was observed. However, there wasn’t a meaningful relation between this thinking style and problem solving. There was a direct relation between judicial thinking style and concept and meaning intellectuality or trans-rational knowing, transcendence, selfawareness, extrasensory perception, mindfulness, consciousness and being holistic. andapposit relation between judicial style and virtuous behavior observed. However, there was no direct relation between this thinking style and grace was seen.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Level of Satisfaction of Clinical Instructors with the Management Function of Deans of Selected Nursing Schools in Quezon Province Mary-Ann R. Rivera riveramean23@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B - 10:01 – 10:20 The study aimed to determine the level of satisfaction of clinical instructors on the management function of deans of selected nursing schools in Quezon, Province. The researcher conducted the study among selected colleges/ university offering nursing program in Quezon, province. One hundred thirty five (135) clinical instructors were the respondents of the study. Descriptive correlation type of research was utilized. The questionnaire was used to gather data which focused on the level of satisfaction of clinical instructors with the management function of deans which includes planning, organizing, directing and controlling and some recommendations to improve management function of deans. The responses were interpreted by utilizing a four – (4) point RensisLikert scale. The gathered data from the answered questionnaire were subjected to statistical treatments which included frequency-percentage distribution and chi-square test. The findings revealed that clinical instructors were very satisfied with the management function of deans along the planning, organizing, directing and controlling aspects. However, clinical instructors recommend that let equal treatment, not favoritism, be the guide, make clinical instructors aware of policies, rules and regulation and their job descriptions, and seek support from many sources (involve clinical instructors in decision-making) on the improvement of the management function of their deans. And lastly, the level of satisfaction among clinical instructors has significant relationship when respondents are grouped according to their demographic profile. The researcher recommended the following: A) That high level of confidentiality must be observed most especially when it comes to the important issues such as mistakes, errors, and other confidential information of the person involved. B) That a faculty manual must be made which contains the matters that concern faculty members. C) That student’s activity is enriched through involving the students in out-reach programs, participating in community projects, by allowing students with their proposed school activities making sure that it is in line with the course requirements. D) The output of the study is utilized to maintain the satisfactory level of the management function.

Analysis of Co-Curricular Activities in Secondary Schools and Its Impact on the Development of the Children Muhammad Talat talatwirasat@hotmail.com World Grammar School, Karachi, Pakistan Hall B - 10:21 – 10:40 We provide children with many sports opportunities on the preprimary level. Parents are encouraged to follow suit at home. Then, as the child climbs the ladder of school, talents aloud activities at home and at school begin to dwindle just when we’ve captured their interest. Somehow, we as parents and teachers expect that as soon as we teach children how to read, they will automatically begin to read independently and adopt sports as a hobby. However, our quest is not yet over. In fact, it has just begun. Consistent sports and games aloud activities must be an indispensable part of any school curriculum. Unless we instill in our children a love of games by modeling it, they will find too many other distractions to keep them occupied, so much so that they won’t feel a need.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

Students’ Participation in Learning Activities and Innovative Approaches to Increase Students’ Participation at Higher Level Saima Rasul saimarasul.iub@gmail.com The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B - 10:41 – 11:00 Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines. Human learning may occur as part of education, personal development, school or training. It may be goal-oriented and may be aided by motivation. Participation in learning activities is a valuable work habit for several reasons. It provides students with opportunities to learn and practice new knowledge and strategies, to explain their reasoning, and to examine their thinking processes and recognize the need to revise thinking. This study is designed to analyze the students’ participation in learning activities and innovative approaches to increase students’ participation at higher level. To achieve the purpose of the study two questionnaires were designed as research tool separately for teachers and students. The questionnaire was administered to 200 students and 100 teachers of The Islamia University of Bahawalpur(Pakistan)and Bahauddin Zakriya University of Multan (Pakistan). It was strongly recommended that learning activities should be according to students’ level. Students should be motivated and encouraged by the teachers to participate in learning activities. Less emphasis should be placed on transmitting information and more on developing students skills. New innovative approaches should be used to increase students’ participation in learning activities.

Adivasi/Ethnic Communities, Education and Development Practices in Rural India and Bangladesh Bijoy Barua bjbarua@gmail.com East West University Bangladesh (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B –11:01 – 11:20 Education and training have been considered indispensable prerequisites for behavioral change, socio-economic and cultural development of Adivasi/ethnic communities through the introduction of human capital approach in India and Bangladesh. Subsequently, education has been instrumentalized as the provider of modern technicist values and commercial rationality (e.g. micro-credit) in rural Orissa of India and southeastern hills of Bangladesh. These educational models/processes have been designed to regulate the lives of the communities through the centralized policies and politics of the development agencies (DAs)/non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as they implement projects with the financial support of international development agencies (IDAs). Despite these interventions, Adivasi/ethnic communities in the eastern ghats hill ranges of rural Orissa, India and in the southeastern hills of Bangladesh continue to assert their ways through social and cultural movements and culturally-embedded educational practices. In this paper/presentation, we will attempt to analyze the education programs of local NGOs and development interventions in the socio-ecological context of rural Adivasi/ ethnic communities of Orissa, India and southeastern hills of Bangladesh through a critical lens. This study will be based on our field experiences and participatory research conducted with Adivasi/ethnic communities since 2000. This research/paper foregrounds and clarifies elements of indigenous knowledge and people’s development perspectives germaine to these locations. For convenience of discussion, the terms ‘Adivasi’, ‘ethnic communities’, ‘forest communities’ and ‘tribe’ will be used interchangeably in the paper.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529

The Awareness of Internet Plagiarism among the Secondary School Students in Gombak Selangor, Malaysia Rajiah BT Hasan rajiah75@yahoo.com International Islamic University of Malaysia Malaysia (May 30 – Day 3) · Hall B – 11:21 – 11:40 Plagiarism has long been a problem in educational setting and with the advent of the Internet revolution and highly user-friendly word processing software, plagiarism has become a widespread phenomenon. Internet exposed students to multitude of resources in their learning process. Ironically, these phenomena also brought tremendous opportunities for the plagiarism on cyberspace to take place. Students freely copied and pasted informations directly from Internet in the assignments and claimed the work as theirs. Very limited research had been done and there are no studies conducted among secondary school students in Malaysia. This study aims to investigate the reasons behind the increased phenomena of the internet plagiarism among students in one of the secondary schools in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. Data collection and the subsequent analyses were guided by qualitative research methods with the theoretical backdrop of Rogers Model of Innovation-Decision Process (Rogers, 1962). In this research, the researcher uses the term “awareness of the internet plagiarism” as the “innovation”. Four themes emerged from this research, lack and limited knowledge, lack and limited awareness, normal phenomena, and easy access to Internet. These themes are discussed with reference to the finding of other studies in plagiarism and the implication for the continuum of the education in Malaysia is pointed out.

A Refereed Asian Conference in Education Proceedings and Book of Abstracts Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia · May 28-30, 2012 · ISSN: 2094-9529