Unit A Lisbon Trip

LISBON

2014 FIELD TRIP UNIT A 2014//15

OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

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UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

PARTICIPANTS TUTORS EMU MASUYAMA BENJAMIN ALLEN

YEAR 2 JESSICA MACNALLY MILLIE GADINER PAIGE JAMES CHRISTINA GRYTTEN JAMES WHITTY MICHAEL BUCKLEY KONRAD WEKA CONOR MAHER MARIA KONSTANTOPOULOU STEFAN HAEST JOSEPH WILLIAMS ALIAKSANDR MANKO

YEAR 3 MAYA SHANKLA VICTORIA ADEGOKE THOMAS YUDIN BRAYDAN BARRETT EDWARD YEO CHRISTOPHER WATERS MAISIE HERMON FREDDIE BROADHURST IARA SILVA SAM CALDER HARRY LEWIS SARAH POTTER

EDITED BY MARY KONSTANTOPOULOU AND IARA SILVA

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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OF PORTUGAL

INTRODUCTION OF LISBON i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii.

BAIXA-CHIADO METRO STATION ORIENTE TRAIN STATION PORTUGUESE NATIONAL PAVILLION //1998 OCEANARIUM PAVILHÃO DO CONHECIMENTO CENTRO CULTURAL DE BELÉM CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN MUSEUM AIRES MATEUS' ARCHITECTURAL STUDIO

INTRODUCTION OF EVORA i. ii. iii.

CASA NO TEMPO QUINTA DA MALAGUEIRA BONE CHAPEL

INTRODUCTION OF SETUBAL i.

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION // IPS

INTRODUCTION OF CASCAIS i. ii.

CASAS DAS HISTÓRIAS // PAULA REGO LIGHT HOUSE MUSEUM

FREE CITY EXPLORATION

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INTRODUCTION OF PORTUGAL Located in southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, Portugal is one of the oldest countries in Europe, with defined borders in 1139.

Surrounded on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the east by Spain. It is part of the Mediterranean which influences many aspects of the culture, including its gastronomy.

Architecture, like many aspects of the Portuguese culture, is heavily influenced by the history of Portugual and the variety of people who have settled there,European artistic centres have created some broad architectural styles.

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

INTRODUCTION OF LISBON Portugal's hilly capital is widely known for its cafe culture and Fado music, the coastal city is the oldest town in the west, 4 centuries older than Rome.

It is presided over by São Jorge's Castle and is adorned by old pastel-coloured buildings.

i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii.

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Baixa-Chiado Metro Station Oriente Train Station Portuguese National Pavillion //1998 Oceanarium Pavilhão Do Conhecimento Centro Cultural De Belém Calouste Gulbenkian Museum Aires Mateus' Architectural Studio

BUILDINGS VISITED

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BAIXA/CHIADO METRO STATION

BY ALVARO SIZA

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

ESTAÇÃO DE METRO BAIXA-CHIADO (Baixa-Chiado Underground Station)

ÁLVARO SIZA The station where the Blue and the Green lines intersect is located in the municipality of Lisbon, between Restauradores and Palace Square (blue), and Rossio and Cais do Sodré (green) underground stations.

On the 9th of September of 2011 the station was officially renamed Baixa-Chiado PT Blue Station because of a sponsorphip agreement with Portugal Telecom.

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The double station provides access to the Baixa, the Chiado, the Santa Just a lift, the Carmo Convent, the Trinadade Theatre, the NationalTheatre of S達o Carlos and to the S達o Luis Municipal Theatre.

It is placed under Ivens Street in the Chiado hill, between the Largo da Academia Nacional das Belas Artes//National Academy of Fine Arts Square and the Garrett Street. 45 meters below the surface, this is the deepest station in Lisbon's underground network.

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Designed by Ă lvaro Siza in 1998, it was decorated with pieces from the painter Ă‚ngelo de Sousa, who, respecting the architect's desire for open areas for boarding, limited his intervetion to the two access points.

In some areas of the wall and ceiling there are golden inscriptions over the white tiles. The abstract artist, admirer of geometries, represented with great simplicity the loose symbols in reminiscence of Islamic art.

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ORIENTE TRAIN STATION

BY SANTIAGO CALATRAVA

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

Expo '98 was a world fair held in Parque de Nacoes, Lisbon. The theme was "The Oceans, a Heritage for the Future". It was the 100th international exhibition since the Great Exhibition of London in 1851 and coincided with the 500th anniversary of the "Year of the Ocean".

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GARE DO ORIENTE (Oriente Station)

SANTIAGO CALATRAVA The eastern railway station is the 'jewel' of the Portuguese rail network. Completed in 1998, it is celebrated for its iconic glass cover on the top storey.

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It was designed by the architect and engineer Santiago Calatrava in 1995 for the Expo '98 and was later used for the Parque Das Nações, a parish of Lisbon created in 2012.

The station is located by the D.João II avenue and it is built on the Berlin Avenue and the Conselheiro Mariano de Carvalho road, and is made up of several levels: the first one is used commercially, leading to a shopping centre, and the upper two levels at theare used as the train station.

At its time of opening, it was considered to be one of the biggest intermodal station in Portugual, and received the Brunel Prize in the same year.

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Calatrava is world renowned for his high tech designs of bridges and institiutional buildings, as well as his beautiful structural solutions.

Always inspired by natural forms, he finds the balance between the weight of the concrete and the lightness of steel work.

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NATIONAL PAVILLION'98

BY ALVARO SIZA

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

NATIONAL PAVILLION Ă LVARO SIZA This was the only building designed for the Expo '98 that was not selected through a competetion and the only one that was to be designed to be permanent.

Conceptually it aims to represent Portugal and to explain the history, commitment and importance of the sea to the Portuguese.

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The building's emblematic image is prominent with simplicity and forcefulness, resulting in a 'pure rationalist language'.

The interterior architect was Souto de Moura who recalled the unmistakable legacy of the flag; "Portugal is a small country tucked in a corner of Europe, but a nation that contributed to the progress of civilization".

During the design of the project Siza strengthened the visible connection between the building the water.

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The large pergola catenary curved in shape, also known as the "flag", represents the sails of Portuguese ships, and the light which enters the space beneath is comparated to a large window to the sea.

Siza's preference for concrete is widely acknowledged, and the building itself is made from reinforced concrete, decorated with tiles.

The curved pergola is a thin 20 cm thick slab of concrete, suported by steel cables which are visible at the junction between the wall and the ceiling

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OCEANARIUM

BY PETER CHERMAYEFF

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OCEANARIUM PETER CHERMAYEFF Located in the Parque das Naçþes, formally mentioned this building was also built for the Expo of 1998.

The conceptual design, architecture, and exhibition space of the largest indoor aquarium in Europe, was arranged by Peter Chermayeff LLC who also designed the Osaka Ocenarium, the biggest in the world, as well as many others around the globe.

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The Unit A field trip was, however, focused on the newest extension of the oceanarium, which was designed by the local practice Campos Costa Arquitectos.

In this extention the Portuguese architects sought an appropriate volumetric addition to the architectural heritage of Peter Chermayeff's original construction.

The 5,000 white ceramic tiles made to resemble the scales of a fish create the curvilinear solution which stands as an architectonically individual structure.

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The faรงade composed of the marine scales was designed in order to provide the shade, permeability, and ventilation necessary, as well as allowing the exitence of views.

A third of the project is made up of the circulation that connects the old to the new across a square, and the rest of the building consists of temporary exhibition spaces, an auditorium and public services.

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PAVILHAO DO CONHECIMENTO

BY JOAO LUIS CARRILHO DA GRACA

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PAVILHÃO DO CONHECIMENTO (Pavilion of Knowledge)

JOÃO LUIS CARRILHO DA GRAÇA João Luis Carrilho da Graça was born in Portalegre, Portugal in 1952. He received the International Art Critics Association Award in 1992.

The Pavilion of Knowledge was first opened on July 1999 and is part of the Live Science Network. It is located by the river Tagus and was initially called the Pavilion of Sea Knowledge.

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It is an interactive science and technology museum and has a permanent exhibit divided in four main themes: "Exploratorium", "See, Make, Learn!", "Unfinished House" and "Live Maths".

They are all interavctive programs, and children are the main public group targeted. The "Unfinished House", for example, is a program in which children can build houses at their own scale.

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JLCG architects collaborated with P-06 Atelier design firm to design an external skin for the musem that would be functional for both acoustic and lighting purposes, and so they created different textures and perforations in the metal skin of the building.

The lights installed between the skin and the actual wall balance the lighting conditons of the interior.

The pavillion also houses temporary exhibitions with stimulating experimentation and exploration of the physical world through interaction with the exhibits.

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CENTRO CULTURAL DE BELEM

BY VITTORIO GREGOTTI AND MANUEL SALGADO

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

CENTRO CULTURAL DE BELÉM VITTORIO GREGOTTI, MANUEL SALGADO The Cultural Centre of BelÊm is located in Santa Maria, in the municipality of Lisbon and is the largest building with cultural facilities in Portugal. It was initially built as an European Presidency building but was later adapted to provide space for exhibitions and artistic events and conferences.

It was the winning design from an international architectural competition and was designed by Vittorio Gregotti, Atelier Risco and Manuel Salgado and the interior by Daciano Costa. It was designed to include a Conference Centre, a Performing Arts Centre, an Exhibition Centre, a hotel and complementary spaces but they were never built.

It won the International Stone Architecture Award at the Verona Fair in 1993.

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The design consists of three main structural blocks with connecting courtyards.

The blocks are connected by transversal pathways that link the building's interiors which are extensions of the city of Lisbon's historical urban structure.

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CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN MUSEUM

BY RUY JERVIS D'ATHOUGUIA, PEDRO CID AND ALBERTO PESSOA

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MUSEU CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN RUY JERVIS D'ATHOUGUIA, PEDRO CID AND ALBERTO PESSOA The Museu Calouste Gulbenkian is an ancient and contemporary art museum in Lisbon. It was built in honor of Calouste Gulbenkian and accommodates his art collection which now belongs to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation.

It contains art from various periods and places from Greco-Roman classical antiquity to 18th century French Art as well as some modern art exhibits.

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There are about 6000 works of which 1000 are in permanent exhibition.

The musem is part of a group of buildings connected through the landscaped park.

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AIRES MATEUS ARCHITECTURAL STUDIOS

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AIRES MATEUS ARCHITECTURAL STUDIOS Aires Mateus is an architectural practice formed by Manuel and Francisco Aires Mateus in 1988. They hold professorships in design at the Universidade Aut贸noma de Lisboa and the Accademia di Architectura de Mendrizio since 2001.

Their work has been published in several monographs and has been awarded with the First FAD Prize for Architecture and Ephemeral Interventions in 2010 and has been shortlisted for the Mies van der Rohe Award. They have had exhibitions in places such as the Venice Biennale in 2010 and Gallery 1 in RIBA Lindon in 2009.

Their projects are minimalistic, while white and natural light are main features of their designs.

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INTRODUCTION OF EVORA Évora is the capital of the District of Évora, as well as the region of Alentejo and the sub-region of Central Alentejo.

It is the only Portuguese city that is part of the Most Ancient European Towns Network, and is home to a well-preserved ancient town centre with a large number of monuments from several historical periods, as well as a Roman Temple which is an UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Casa No Tempo Quinta Da Malagueira Bone Chapel

BUILDINGS VISITED

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CASA NO TEMPO

BY AIRES MATEUS

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

CASA NO TEMPO (House in Time)

AIRES MATEUS MONTEMOR-O-NOVO, PORTUGAL Aires has said that the purpose of a house built in 2014 was to reclaim the natural, vast beauty of the rural property in which it is located, and allow the enjoyment of the view through the large windows in every room.

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The project began with the restaurantion of the existent decaying building embracing the cultural heritage and highlighting the natural qualities associated with Montemor-o-novo.

Once the restoration was completed, the element of water using the swimming pool which resembles a beach, was installed.

The materials used are quite popular but in this project they were used unconventionally, and they are combined in a beautifully simplistic manner.

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All the floors are paved with local clay blocks which are heated in the Winter. The kitchen was designed, by the architect, with stunning white marble furnitecture.

The dinning table was placed in front a large window which overlooks the 400 meter swimming pool.

The 4 suites which make up the rest of the house are decorated with a mixture of local wooden furniture, walk-in showers and oilters decorated with handmade tiles, and with large windows which look onto the property.

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QUINTA DA MALAGUEIRA

BY ALVARO SIZA

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

QUINTA DA MALAGUEIRA HOUSING ESTATE Ă LVARO SIZA The construction began in 1977, shortly after the carnation revolution of '74 and it is the morphology of the original Roman settlement.

This is visible through the design of the 1200 low-cost, single family units and arcades in the public areas.

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The project, which in 1988 was granted the Prince of Wales Prize, is a housing estate of low-rise terraced courtyard houses spread across two fields, and adapting to the undulating topograph.

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The basic unit of 2 dormitories is made of concrete and built in 18 months. It was designed to be white but as the years progressed the residents changed the aesthetics to their preferences, and most of the houses now have colourful frames around the windows and doors, as most traditional Porutuguese houses do.

The stricking, aqueduct structure services the community with water and electricity. The structure is made of exposed concrete blocks and spreads across the development, connecting both sites. It defines the entrances to shops and other public facilities, and forms the arcades repeated thorughout the estate.

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BONE CHAPEL

BY FRANCISCAN MONKS

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CAPELA DOS OSSOS (Bone Chapel)

FRANCISCAN MONKS Located within the Church of St. Francis which was built between 1460 and 1510, under the Gothic style with Manueline influences, the Chapel of Bones was created in the 16th century out of the necessity to relocating 42 monastic cemeteries which were taking too much valuable space in Évora.

All the bones of the graves where moved into a single, consecrated chapel which the monks regarded as an opportunity to contemplate and disseminate the invitability of death by showcasing them.

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The entrace to the chapel is made through a side door and through a large arch in which is inscripted ''N贸s ossos que aqui estamos, pelos vossos esperamos" which translates to: "We, bones which are here, for yours we await!"

The chapel's walls and pillars are made up of an estimated 5,000 bones and skulls, although the bones of the monks who assembled it are not on display.

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In addition to the bones, there are two full corpses hanging from the ceiling, and at one end of the chapel the altar displays a crucifix 'to remind visitors of the way to overcome death'.

The rib-vaulted ceiling of the chapel is painted with picturest scenes accompained by Latin phrases such as "I leave, but I don't die", "I die in the light", and "The day that I die is better than the day that I was born".

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INTRODUCTION OF SETUBAL Setúbal is a city and municipality of Portugal, located south of the Tejo // Tagus River and it is mainly known for its sea port.

In the Medieval times of Al-Andalus when the Iberian Peninsula was Islamic territory, the city was known as Shetúbal.

The 15th of September marks the municipality's holiday when in 1860, King Pedro V of Portugal officially recognised Setúbal as a city.

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College Of Education // Ips

BUILDINGS VISITED

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COLLEGE OF EDUCATION // IPS

BY ALVARO SIZA

UNIT A 2014 PORTO FIELD TRIP | OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Ă LVARO SIZA Alvaro Siza was born in a small coastal town near Porto. He graduated from the School of Fine Arts of the University of Porto. His first built work was completed in 1954, after which he started a private practice in Porto. He was awarded with the Pritzker Prize for the rennovation project that he coordinated in Chiado. Most of his best known works are in Porto.

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The College of Education of SetĂşbal is one of Ă lvaro Siza's projects and was founded in 1993.

The building consists of two wings which lead to the lobby of the building located in the middle. The middle area is used for social activities and gallery spaces. The complex schematically forms an H and sits on a landscape higher than its surroundings.

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

INTRODUCTION OF CASCAIS Cascais is located in the Estoril Coast in the Greater Lisbon Sub-region, 30 kilometers west from Lisbon.

It is one of the richest municipalities in Portugal, and known as the most affluent area in the region.

The cosmopolitan suburb, a former fishing village which gained fame as a resort for the Portuguese Royal family in the late 19th century and early 20th century, is now a popular vacation location for both Portuguese and foreign tourists.

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Casas Das Hist贸rias // Paula Rego Light House Museum

BUILDINGS VISITED

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CASAS DAS HISTORIAS // PAULA REGO MUSEUM ARCHITECTURAL STUDIOS

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CASA DAS HISTĂ“RIAS EDUARDO SOUTO DE MOURA Eduardo Souto de Moura was born in 1952 in Porto, Portugal.

He studied architecture at the School of Fine Arts in Porto.

From 1974 to 1979 he collaborated in the architectural practice of Ă lvaro Siza. He started his own practice in 1980. He has designed buildings in Spain, Italy, Germany, UK, Switzerland and Portugal.

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In 2011 he was awarded the Pritzker Prize.

The building makes use of certain aspects of the region's historical architecture, which is here reinterpreted in a contemporary way. The building can be immediately recognised thanks to its two pyramid-shaped towers and the red coloured concrete used in its construction. The land and trees which previously existed at the site are incorporated as fundamental elements.

The building's design is fully in keeping with the artist's wishes, and it was Paula Rego herself who was responsible for the choice of architect.

It meets all the requirements for a museum and its various functions, without forgetting need to give visitors a warm welcome.

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It has various rooms for temporary exhibitions, all laid out around a higher central space which houses the temporary exhibition of the works of Paula Rego.

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LIGHT HOUSE MUSEUM AIRES MATEUS

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LIGHTHOUSE MUSEUM AIRES MATEUS This is a smaller project and one that involved melding together historical fragments with new interventions. Despite this it resonates intimately with site and place while exploring a highly poetic language of rigour and abstraction.

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The project of the Lighthouse Museum was one that involved melding together historical fragments of Cascais with new interventions, but it adapts well to its surroundings and is projecting the historical element of Portugal's coast.

The site was once a 17th-century fortress that formed part of the town’s maritime defences. Now automated but still operational, the lighthouse anchors the site and forms the focus of the museum.

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

Around the white and blue stripped lighthouse, there are three existing buildings, now refurbished to host new exhibition spaces and an auditorium.

The geometry of each structure is simple and apparent but the coating of glossy white tiles that are uneven, reflect the light and create a slightly iridescent quality.

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FREE CITY EXPLORATION

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Left: Évora city centre Right: Quinta da Malagueira, Évora

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Left: Tilework, Lisbon city centre Right: Cascais

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Praça do Comércio, Lisbon 129

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Lift, Lisbon city centre

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Santa Justa Lift, Lisbon city centre

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Évora city centre

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Left: Rossio Square,Lisbon Right: Cascais Expo '98 site, Lisbon

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Left: Praรงa dos Restauradores, Lisbon Right: Lisbon building faรงade

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Left: Unit A + Unit H, Lisbon Right: Eom (Tom + Emu), Quinta da Malagueira

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Left: José Saramajo Foundation, Lisbon Right: Parque das Nações

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Left: Equity Point hostel, Lisbon Right: Lisbon

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Left: Halloween, Unit A, Lisbon Right: Sleepy Emu, Casa no Tempo

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Left: Lighthouse Museum, Cascais Right: Unit A meal, somewhere in Bairro Alto, Lisbon

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This booklet was a compilation of photographs and sketches from: EMU MASUYAMA MILLIE GADINER JAMES WHITTY MICHAEL BUCKLEY MARIA KONSTANTOPOULOU STEFAN HAEST MAYA SHANKLA VICTORIA ADEGOKE THOMAS YUDIN BRAYDAN BARRETT EDWARD YEO MAISIE HERMON FREDDIE BROADHURST IARA SILVA CHRISTINA GRYTTEN

UNIT A 2014 LISBON FIELD TRIP

Edited by Iara Silva & Mary Konstantopoulou

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