The Indian Trader Newspaper – October 2020 Issue – Celebrating 51 Years!

51 Years And Still Going Strong!

www.IndianTraderNews.com

Volume 51, Number 9 / October 2020

2

$ 50 PER COPY

Post Office Box 518 / Cottonwood, AZ 86326

Geronimo

Still A Prisoner Of War See Page 10

2020 Pandemic Changes The Way People Shop

Finland Returns Ancient Tribal Artifacts See Page 7

Collector’s Corner See Page 5

Who Is Buried In Buffalo Bill’s Grave?

See Page 8

Indian Trader News

Hopalong Cassidy inspired a generation of kids – much like the one in this photo (Publisher Clay South - photo taken just a few years ago!)

A Frank Rinehart photograph from the U.S. Indian Congress of 1898, reproduced by George Marsden.

November 2015

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THE INDIAN TRADER

October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

CONTACT US The Indian Trader (928) 273-2933 Email: indiantrader68@gmail.com Mail: PO Box 518, Cottonwood, AZ 86326

Collector’s Corner: 2020 Pandemic ChangesofThe Way People Shop ................................................5 ����������������������������������������������������������� 5 The Richardsons: Five Generations Navajo Traders Upcoming Events & Shows �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Upcoming Events & Shows ......................................................................................66 The Story Of A Mexican Millionaire, A Buried Treasure And Walking Rocks on Land – Maybe When Hell Freezes Over! ......................................8 A Mystery That Spans More Than Half A Century ���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6

www.IndianTraderNews.com

Premiere Events Highlight the Autumn 2015 Auction & Show Season ....................10

Finland Returns Ancient Tribal Artifacts to the U.S. ������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 7

Business Directory ............................................................................................15-17

Our Quick Five-Point Question; Who Is Buried In Buffalo Bill’s Grave? �������������������������������������������������� 8

Classifieds ..............................................................................................................18

Geronimo: Still A Prisoner Of War ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 10

Order Form for Classified Ads ................................................................................18

Business Directory ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15

Drought and Wildfires Helping Looters Search for Native Artifacts ..........................19

Classifieds ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 18

CONTACT US

Clay South Phone: (928) 273-2933 Email: indiantrader68@gmail.com Mail: PO Box 518, Cottonwood, AZ 86326

Order Form for Classified Ads �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 18

The Indian Trader has a New Facebook Look To Our Loyal Indian Trader Readers:

You are invited to “Like” The Indian Trader at our newly revised Facebook page.

On our new page, we will include recent stories and news as well as a library of recent photos and contact details. Please feel free to visit our new Facebook page and let us know if there is additional content you would like us to include. Here is the link to our new page: https://www.facebook.com/theindiantrader

Like Us and Follow Us on Facebook at: www.facebook.com/indiantradernews/ Publisher & Editor: Derek South Subscriptions: Lori McCall Associate Editor: Tom Surface ©2020 by THE INDIAN TRADER. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanical, without the written permission from the publisher. Published monthly by Indian Trader, Cottonwood, Arizona 86326.

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

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The Art of the Auction SANDBAR TRADING 414 South Commerce Street Wichita, Kansas 67202 316-655-7477 rick@sandbartrading.com www.sandbartrading.com

Let us help you add to or sell your Collection

Join us at Auction We missed doing Shows and seeing Customers in 2020. So, we are having our 1st Timed Bid Auction! We will follow this with additional Auctions. Check our Website or follow us on Facebook for additional dates as they are added.

Our 1st Auction will Open on Thursday October 8th and runs through Sunday October 18 (closing starts at 2 PM CST) on the iCollector Platform.

We will be offering 235 Lots of Navajo Weavings, Silver & Turquoise Jewelry, Pueblo Pottery, Baskets, a very cool Navajo Vest with a story and more.

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

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Collector’s Corner

2020 Pandemic Changes The Way People Shop

By Jim and Bobbi Jeen Olson

Over six months now into the COVID19 pandemic of 2020 and we continue to adapt. Is this the “New Normal?”

Or will things go back to “Normal” when it’s all over? Who knows? One thing is for sure, the pandemic has changed the way we go about our daily lives. How we shop for goods has been one of the major changes.

In March of this year, things were just starting to shut down. On March 14th, we held a live auction here at Western Trading Post. There was a large crowd of people in attendance and we joked about the possibilities of a shutdown and about how the Corona Virus would not last long. Many were laughing and joking about other parts of the country already shutting down. However, over the course of the next week, the country actually went in serious shutdown mode.

By the last week of March, we knew it was no joke and the uncertainty of it all would be with us for a while. We held an internal meeting and decided to make rapid changes. We basically shut our doors to public foot traffic and doubled down our efforts online.

As it turned out, April and August of 2020 were two of the best months we have ever had for gross revenue.

May, June and July were also above average. We credit that to being prepared for online sales and for adjusting quickly to that being our primary, modus operandi. Of course, we are still adjusting daily and are learning what sells and what does not do as well during these changing market times. What is selling well in our specality area of Western Americana are guns and collectibles.

Harder to ship items are not selling as well unless they are higher end. We find that items which are easy to ship are the better sellers online. Although folks will still buy fragile and difficult-to-ship items online, the lower end stuff in a given category does not do so good due to a higher shipping cost relevant to the item’s value. We are becoming very selective with items that do not ship easily unless they are the better kind of items for their class. Some industries have had to adapt differently than others, but one thing is certain—we’ve all had to adapt.

According to U.S. Department of Commerce data, during the first six months of 2020, consumers spent $347.26 billion online with U.S. retailers, which is up over 30% from $266.84 billion for the same period in 2019.

Comparatively, e-commerce sales during the first half of 2019 grew about 14% over the entire year of 2018. E-commerce has been growing steadily since the 2000s began. However, if you read the department’s press release, dated August 18, 2020, an interesting statistic jumps out. During the first six months of 2020, online sales tallied about five years worth of growth compared to what was forecast before the pandemic hit. And remember, the first two months of the year were pretty much “normal,” so most of that growth occurred in a four-month period. E-commerce has exploded in a way no one could have predicted.

Although there is much uncertainty in the economic markets, folks are definitely spending more online than ever before. There are several reasons for this. The first is, it’s safer. Social distancing is definitely in play when ordering online. Convenience is another. It’s inconvenient to shop in person right now. Not that they aren’t doing what they believe is right to help prevent COVID19 from spreading, that is not the point. It’s just a lot of people find it both safer and more convenient to shop from the safety of their home.

Another unintended side effect of shutting things down and much of the population staying home is, people tend to spend less. Or rather, they

spend less out and about. People working remotely from home are saving on gas they are not using, saving on not eating out, saving on travel and vacationing, etc., etc.. They are spending less in traditional ways, but spending more online instead.

Another factor I believe which has come into play over the last several months is stimulus money. Most folks in the U.S. got at least $1,200. Many received much more in various forms of stimulus money. Of course, some were in great need and the money was used for surviving, but a whole bunch of others counted it as a windfall and promptly recirculated it on things they had been wanting to do or buy.

Other changes to the way goods are being purchased include things like curbside pickup and home deliveries. Many business have had to adapt on the fly and implement services like this in order to stay open. The most successful retailers at the moment are implementing various combinations of all the above.

What does this mean for those of us who are dealers and collectors? Ask yourself, do you think those billions of extra dollars being spent online right now (instead of in person) are just going to revert back to the “way it was” if this whole thing ends tomorrow? I don’t think so.

As a dealer, if you haven’t already implemented some kind of online strategy into your business—start. Start now. We realize some things are harder to sell via e-commerce than others, but everything can be advertised and presented online at the very least. Those who are biding their time, waiting for things to “get back to normal” kind of remind me about the old story of the Horse and Mule dealer in the early 1900s who kept saying, “This automobile thing is just a fad. Folks’ll be back once they figure out how expensive those things are—and the novelty of it all wears off. It’ll go back to normal ‘fore too long.”

Twenty years ago, would you have though JC Penney would be filing for bankruptcy? If a retail giant like that, who had been in business since 1902, can go down because they failed to adapt quickly enough to the modern age— anyone can. Retailers must pay close attention to their customers and these days, customers are finding it more convenient than ever to sit at home while browsing an even greater selection of products online than ever before.

October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

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The Story Of A Mexican Millionaire, A Buried Treasure And A Mystery That Spans More Than Half A Century Window Rock, AZ. - It’s a story that doesn’t seem to want to die – the story of what happened to a Mexican millionaire’s gold that was supposedly buried on the Navajo reservation. Navajoland officials say they hear now and then that someone is interested in looking for the gold, but no Navajo official has ever said for sure that the gold even ever existed. For all the tribe knows, it may be one of those urban legends.

It began in the 1970s when a number of those books on treasures started reporting a story that seemed to have some validity, except that there were never any names connected to it, or any real evidence, that the story was true.

According to the story, there was a Mexican millionaire in the late 1920s, maybe early 1930s, who had this gold fortune. He was worried that during one of the various revolutions the country is always having, the gold would be taken from him.

He thought about burying the gold in his backyard – no, too obvious, that’s where the general’s soldiers would look first. Or maybe on a

Due to the recent COVID-19 situation we urge you to verify dates before planning your trip. Thank you.

October 8-18 SANDBAR TRADING – TIMED AUCTION Info @ (316) 655-7477 or Rick@sandbartrading.com October 10 WESTERN TRADING POST AUCTION Casa Grande, Arizona Info @ 520-426-7702 October 24-25 WEAPONS AND INDIAN ITEMS REATA PASS AUCTION Humboldt, Arizona Info @ (928) 632-8000 January 21-24 BRIAN LEBELS OLD WEST AUCTION Mesa Convention Center 263 N. Center Street, Mesa, Arizona Info @ contactus@oldwestevents.com February – March 2021 ALLARDS BIG SPRING AUCTION Info@allardauctions.com Do you have an Event or Show coming up?

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neighbor’s property – but is there any neighbor he could trust with keeping his secret? No. Maybe he could bury it out in the wilderness.

But could he be 100% sure that someone, somehow, wouldn’t stumble on it? Or what about the possibility at the time he wanted to dig up the gold, the land would be in the middle of a major development. No, he thought, the best thing to do was go outside the country into the United States and bury the gold there in a place where he knew that would be secure.

So, supposedly, he disguised the gold – one theory is that he melted the gold into round balls, painted them black, and transported them over the United States as cannonballs that would be sold for use in ceremonies where they needed cannon to go off.

But where would it be safe to bury the gold in the United States? After all, he couldn’t risk telling anyone, and Americans had this habit of taking wilderness areas and making towns of them.

Finally, he decided that the perfect spot would be on an Indian reservation. After all, the reservations had not been developed for decades, and everyone knew they wouldn’t be developed for another half a century or so.

Besides, he only needed them to be buried for a decade or so. By that time, he thought, his country would be stabilized, and he would be able to put his gold in the bank without fear of the government taking over the bank and his gold.

But not a small reservation. A white man with hundreds of cannonballs wouldn’t go unnoticed very long, and if it were in the form of cannonballs, everyone would be talking about the loony Mexican with the truckloads of cannonballs.

No, it would have to be a big reservation and the one that came to his mind, of course, was the Navajos. And since he had traveled all over the Southwest, as the story goes, he knew that the train went through parts of the Navajo reservation near Gallup, New Mexico.

So he had the balls of gold prepared, and so they would look like something of little value, rented a baggage car and headed for the United States, landing in Gallup about 90 or 100 years ago.

He then proceeded north and was gone for several days. When he was next seen in Gallup getting on a train headed west, the cargo he brought with him was nowhere to be seen. continued on page 17

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

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Finland Returns Ancient continued from page 11

collection of his body of work ever assembled for public viewing.

This show continues to grow every year and is one of the top national antique events of its kind. Due to its Southwest location, the show traditionally has a unique American flavor leaning heavily on early American arts & crafts, Native American, western fine art and ethnographic art, but with some 200 dealers in attendance, it also offered items for everyone – from the first time buyer to the veteran buyer and serious Tribal Even leadersthe had very hopedfamous to traveldecorators and interior collectors. to Finland to escort theirseeking ancestors designers attend the show, just the right touch to create back to the U.S., but the coronavirus the “perfect” southwest or native motif for their clients. pandemic prevented thatthe show from also drew representatives This year, as in the past, happening.

Instead, the tribal leaders from many of the major international and domestic clothing gave specific instructions on how and jewelry designers and their buyers. Cowboys & Indians had to prepare their ancestors for travel something for everybody. home and greeted them in Durango.

Proceedswere fromthen the reburied show’s general customers The remains withinadmission Mesa Verde Nationalthis Park. The tribes year supported the show’s additional beneficiaries, VSA Arts of New announced a traditional four-day grieving period beginning September 17th.

Mexico, University of New Mexico’s SchoolTime Additionally, the non-funerary artifactsPopejoy will alsoHall be housed at Mesa Verde Series“Because and The Albuquerque Museum’s Magic Bus Program. of my past military experience, we have that motto that we never leave anyone behind,” said Hopi Vice Chairman Clark Tenakhongva. “In this case, they’ve been gone for over 100 years and we finally brought them home.” continued on page 14 From Multiple Sources

Tribal Artifacts to the U.S.

By Tom Surface

In mid-September of 2020, some six hundred Native American ancestral artifacts and human remains, held at a museum in Finland, were officially returned to U.S. soil. The collection arrived in Durango, Colorado, and repatriated to Mesa Verde National Park.

For more than 70 years, the United States government has been working to secure the return of these Native American artifacts and remains from the National Museum of Finland to tribes of the Mesa Verde Region in Colorado.

President Donald Trump and President Sauli Niinistö of Finland struck a deal in October 2019 for the return of the artifacts. The current efforts to return the items began in 2016 when the tribes with a connection to Mesa Verde began talks with the Finnish museum to catalog tribal objects. The inventory was completed in late 2019.

NO LAWS PROHIBITING REMOVAL Gustaf Nordenskiöld, a Swedish-Finnish researcher, was arrested at midnight at the Strater Hotel in Durango on September 17, 1891. He was preparing to leave town on the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad with several boxcars loaded with artifacts he had exhumed from the Mesa Verde ruins. Nordenskiöld had worked with, and taught, Richard Wetherill, the “discoverer” of the ruins, how to use a trowel and properly excavate the ancient sites.

His arrest was a fruitless effort to save these treasures. Nordenskiöld was released because there was no law against looting ruins or removing Native American artifacts from the country. The sacred items he took were later given to Finland’s National Museum, including about 20 human remains and 28 funerary objects, along with more than 500 other Native American artifacts.

MANY TRIBES AFFECTED About a dozen tribes are affected by the artifacts return, including the Navajo Nation and the Hopi and Zuni Tribes. Additionally, there are two Ute tribes in Utah as well as many Pueblos in New Mexico and the Jicarilla and Mescalero Apaches.

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

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Our Quick Five-Point Question;

Who Is Buried In Buffalo Bill’s Grave?

Cody’s funeral procession in Denver.

Golden, Colorado – High on the mountain overlooking Denver and the Great Plains lays the Wild West icon’s body. Or maybe not.

Some people say Buffalo Bill Cody is buried in Cody, Wyoming, a town he founded, while others say he’s in North Platte, Nebraska, where he spent many years. But most believe he is under a large gray stone atop Lookout Mountain, about 30 minutes west of Denver.

Each year almost ½ million people visit the grave, also the final resting place of Buffalo Bill’s wife, Louisa Maud. A 3-foot wrought iron fence surrounds the site, which doesn’t deter people from throwing coins onto the grave for good luck.

About 65,000 visitors a year visit the nearby Buffalo Bill Memorial Museum to view

exhibits detailing the famed buffalo hunter and showman’s life.

The museum was founded shortly after Buffalo Bill’s death in 1917 by his foster son Johnny Baker, who also started the nearby gift shop and restaurant. The menu appropriately includes buffalo burgers.

Exhibits feature Indian artifacts, old west firearms, and intricate costumes Buffalo Bill wore during the Wild West Show that made him internationally famous.

The show was an outdoor spectacle, employing hundreds of people and using buffalo, elk, horses, cattle, and other animals. It began in 1882 and toured the United States and Europe for more than two decades.

“They had full trains that they used, like

circuses today,” says museum director Steve Friesen.

The show made the American West fascinating to the un-initiated. Some say it fathered the modern rodeo and even helped improve relations between the United States and England.

What seems to fascinate people the most about Buffalo Bill is his death on January 10, 1917. He was buried that June, which prompted rumors about the location of his body. “There’s a couple of different legends,” says Juti Winchester, Curator of the Buffalo Bill historical center in Cody.

“What supposedly happened with some folks from Cody, including the local undertaker, went down to Denver and stole the body and

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

brought it back here. That was supposed to have happened between January and June,” Winchester says.

“First of all, I discount that completely,” she said.” The truth of it is, he had an open casket funeral, and I’m sure if he wasn’t there, someone would have said something.”

Buffalo Bill’s wife coaxed the priest to administer his last rights, and even the inscription on the gravestone say he wanted to be buried between Colorado’s eastern plains and the Rocky Mountains. “He told them he liked the view,” Friesen says.

Visitors can get a similar view from an observation deck to the left of the museum. Looking east, the high-rises of downtown Denver stand in sharp contrast to the flat, endless plains. To the west are rugged snowtopped peaks and forest covered mountains.

He officially earned his nickname after winning a daylong hunting competition with a man who also claimed the name, Friesen says. Soon Buffalo Bill became the subject of newspaper articles and dime novels, which often exaggerated or simply made up stories about the man and the wild west.

Buffalo Bill became so famous that while in New York, he saw a play about himself. Realizing that money could be made, he took on his own persona and began a show about the American West. “The critics hated, and the audience loved it,” Friesen says. “Buffalo Bill wasn’t much of an actor, but he was very personable.”

Sitting Bull and Buffalo Bill, Montreal, Quebec, 1885.

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Cody’s grave, in Golden, Colorado.

Buffalo Bill’s legacy has also brought controversy, especially stories of mass buffalo hunting and American Indians’ relations. Friesen, who calls such critics “the politically correct but historically confused,” says the stories sometimes overshadow who Buffalo Bill really was.

Buffalo Bill, Friesen says, supported Indians and women’s rights, which he believed deserved the same pay as others doing the same job.

When buffalo herds dwindled, he denounced hunting the animals.

The museum highlights these lesser-known stories of Buffalo Bill and may put some of the rumors to rest. Except for the one about the grave.

“That’s the number one question from visitors. Is Buffalo Bill really buried here?” Friesen says, “He is. He’s here.”

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

Geronimo:

Still A Prisoner Of War

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

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Facing Page: Geronimo, whom Gen. Miles named the “Human Tiger,” Circa 1903.

Left: Geronimo in a 1905 Locomobile Model C, taken at the Miller brothers’ 101 Ranch located southwest of Ponca City, Oklahoma, June 11, 1905.

Below: Geronimo (Goyaałé), a Bedonkohe Apache, kneeling with rifle, 1887.

The old Apache warrior is still being regarded as a prisoner of war by the US Army, even though he has been dead for many years.

Before he died in 1909, Geronimo’s fondest hope was to return to the mountains of Arizona.

“There is no climate or soil which, in my mind, is equal to that of Arizona,” he said in 1906.

“It is my land, my home, my father’s land, to which I now ask to be allowed to return. I want to spend my last days there and be buried among those mountains. If this could be, I might die in peace,” he added. Throughout his long captivity, Geronimo had made constant pleas to government officials to be returned to the mountains where he lived in Arizona.

Ordinarily, Apaches do not move their dead, but the Indians at Fort Apache still claim that Geronimo was not given a proper Apache burial in 1909. When Geronimo was interred at the Fort Sill Cemetery, Apache leaders say that the Army did not permit those conducting the burial to use many of the traditional cultural preparations.

White Mountain Apache tribal chairman Ronnie Lupe said, “We would like to be able to provide those types of services for our great chief so that he can receive the blessings from us here on earth and so that he will have an open door on the other side of the world.”

Many of the Oklahoma Apaches are direct descendants of the original Chiricahua band that was forced into exile in 1886. Their leaders say that they are prepared to fight any effort to remove the old warriors’ body from the Fort Sill Cemetery.

Going back to the mood of the country and its leaders at the turn-of-the-century, it is obvious why Geronimo’s request to return to Arizona was continued on page 12

October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

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denied. The feeling then was that if they allowed the Indian prisoners of war to return home, they would return to the old way of life and began raiding nearby settlements again.

First Lieutenant George A. Purington, the commanding officer of Fort Sill in 1905, said at the time that Geronimo and other members of the Chiricahua Apaches would not be returned to their homeland because of “the many deprivations committed by Geronimo and his warriors and the enormous cost of subduing them. The oldage Apache deserves to be hanged.”

Geronimo, during his later years, spent a great deal of his time trying to convince anyone and everyone that he should be allowed to return home. When he met General Nelson A. Miles at

the Omaha World’s Fair in 1898, he accused his adversary of lying to him to obtain his surrender and the surrender of his followers. Miles had promised Geronimo that he would eventually be allowed to return to his homelands.

General Miles, as the story goes, admitted that he had lied; pointing out that what was good for the goose was good for the gander. “You lied to Mexicans, Americans, and your own Apaches for 30 years. White men only lied to you once, and I did it.”

Geronimo smiled and begged once again to be allowed to return home. “The acorns and pinion nuts, the quail and the wild turkey, the

Right: Portrait of Geronimo by Edward S. Curtis, 1905.

Below: Geronimo as a U.S. prisoner in 1905.

giant cactus, and the Palos Verdes,” he said “they all miss me, I miss them too. I want to go back to them.”

Miles was adamant, “a beautiful thought, Geronimo, quite poetic. But the men and women who live in Arizona - they do not miss you. Folks in Arizona sleep now at night. They have no fear that Geronimo will come and kill them.” Even though Miles had rebuffed his appeal, Geronimo never stopped yearning to return to the Gila River Canyon, where he was born.

In 1905, Geronimo brought over his request directly to the president of the United States. A few days after Teddy Roosevelt was inaugurated, Geronimo applied for and received permission to see the president.

“Great father,” Geronimo said, “other Indians have homes where they live and can be happy.

I and my people have no homes.

The place where we are kept (Oklahoma) is bad for us.” “We get sick there and die. White men are in the country that was my home. I pray to you to tell them to go away and let my people go there and be happy,” he said.

“Great father,” the old warrior continued, “my hands are tied as with a rope. My heart is no longer bad. I will tell my people to obey no chief but the Great White Chief. I pray you cut the ropes and make me free. Let me die in my own country as an old man who has been punished enough and is free.”

But Roosevelt refused even to consider the proposal. “Geronimo,” he said, “there would be more war and more bloodshed. It is best for you to stay where you are. That is all I can say, except that I am sorry, I have no feelings against you.”

Geronimo died on February 19, 1909, of complications caused by drinking whiskey.

Although it was a capital offense at that time to sell liquor to Indians in Oklahoma, Geronimo and another man somehow obtained a bottle of whiskey in Lawton, Oklahoma..

They drank the whiskey on the way back to the fort and slept off its effects on the ground during a freezing rain: when he awoke the next morning, Geronimo was coughing and complaining that he had been sick all night. He was rushed to Fort Sill hospital, but he died the next day of pneumonia. The old war chief was approximately 80 years old and still considered a prisoner of war.

In 1913 the remaining Apache prisoners were finally released. Even though they were not permitted to return to Arizona, they were

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

granted passage to the Mescalero reservation in New Mexico.

At first, it seemed that the Chiricahua’s were destined to remain in Oklahoma forever. Several official government documents clearly stated the Indians were to remain at Fort Sill as prisoners of war. The government was also reluctant to initiate another Indian removal program. Still, eventually, federal negotiators were able to work out a solution to the problem whereby the Apaches could choose either to live on the Mescalero reservation or to purchase individual lots in Ojo Caliente, the side of the old Chihenne reservation that has since been opened to the public. Most of the former prisoners of war opted to go to New Mexico, but some settled along Lake Ellsworth about 10 miles from Fort Sill.

Fort Bowie was established in 1862 to protect the Butterfield stage route across Apache pass and to pacify the Apaches in southern Arizona. The fort was abandoned in 1894 when there were no more Indians to fight. The ruins of the old Fort Bowie was declared a national historic site in 1972.

“This is where Geronimo was born,” Hoy (a park ranger) said, “out here in this rugged country, where he grew up, where he hunted and warred. This is where Geronimo begged to be. He hated Fort Sill.”

Geronimo may yet return. Pressure from a large number of interested people may well force the government to send Geronimo’s body back to Arizona.

Edgar Perry, director of the White Mountain Apache cultural center, says there are 9000 Indians at Fort Apache who still practice old Apache traditions and remember Geronimo. They want him back, he said.

And it was also the will of Geronimo – – “I want to be buried among those mountains… My heart is no longer bad,” he said.

Geronimo’s grave at Fort Sill, Oklahoma in 2005.

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

Leadership/ Customer Service Training

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020 Page 20

Casino – Hospitality – Retail – Tribal Government

August 2015

Page 15 THE INDIAN TRADER

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www.hideandfur.com P.O. Box 8918, Moscow, ID 83843 • 208.882.5715

HISTORIC TOADLENA TRADING POST & WEAVING MUSEUM Featuring great exhibits and the finest in antique and contemporary Navajo and Two Grey Hills rugs and tapestries available.

P.O. Box 8014 – Newcomb, N.M. 87455 (505) 789-3267

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER August 2015

Page 16 20

BUSINESS DIRECTORY 800-950-4232 www.shipwreckbeads.com

Galaxy Leather Company November and 2015 Sales THE INDIAN TRADER James Burns Mailing Address: P.O. Box 849; Flagstaff, AZ 86002 5270 N. 89, Flagstaff, AZ 86004

EMAIL: Galaxy_S99@yahoo.com FACEBOOK: galaxyleatherandsales

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SHAKOPEE TRADING POST www.shakopeetradingpost.com

• Turquoise Silver Jewelry • American Indian Beadwork • Pipestone Pipes • Drums • Pottery • Books • Collectibles 723 1st Ave. West Shakopee, Minnesota 55379 (952) 496-2263

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nativeamerican@shakopeetradingpost.com

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www.hideandfur.com P.O. Box 8918, Moscow, ID 83843 • 208.882.5715

Foutz Trading Co. P.O. Box 1904 • Hwy 64 Shiprock, NM 87420

Navajo Arts & Crafts 505-368-5790 • 800-383-0615 www.foutztrade.com

HISTORIC TOADLENA TRADING POST & WEAVING MUSEUM

Featuring great exhibits and the finest in antique and contemporary Navajo and Two Grey Hills rugs and tapestries available.

P.O. Box 8014 – Newcomb, N.M. 87455 (505) 789-3267

BILL MALONE TRADING Bill Malone

“Trader to the Navajo” 235 W. Coal Ave. Gallup, NM 87301

Phone: 505-863-3401 Email: trader@billmalonetrading.com

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We sell weaving supplies

SHAKOPEE TRADING POST www.shakopeetradingpost.com

• Turquoise Silver Jewelry • American Indian Beadwork • Pipestone Pipes • Drums • Pottery • Books • Collectibles 723 1st Ave. West Shakopee, Minnesota 55379 (952) 496-2263 nativeamerican@shakopeetradingpost.com

HISTORIC TOADLENA TRADING POST & WEAVING MUSEUM Featuring great exhibits and the finest in antique and contemporary Navajo and Two Grey Hills rugs and tapestries available.

P.O. Box 8014 – Newcomb, N.M. 87455 (505) 789-3267

THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020 continued from page 6 Let’s go forward to the early 1950’s. Now, according to the treasure books, the story becomes public.

The man who buried the gold is now dead, never having a chance to go back and get the gold. His three sons go to Federal Court in Los Angeles and file a suit, trying to obtain permission to go after the gold and return it to their country, which they feel is now stabilized enough to bring the gold back safely.

But first, they want the federal court to declare that the gold belongs to them because while they are no longer afraid of the Mexican government, they’re not sure about the United States government.

They were afraid that the US government would confiscate the gold when they try to return it to their country, so they want the federal courts to say before they get the gold that belongs to them. But the federal court declined to rule on the matter, saying it’s a moot point until his sons have the gold in their possession and until the federal government tries to take it.

So the boys are back to square one, but now is a little worse because everyone who heard about the lawsuit now knows that there is a fortune in gold buried somewhere a day or two ride north of Gallup.

QUESTIONS ABOUND As far as the story goes, it stops there, but the questions abound; is the gold still there where their father buried it, and if so, why haven’t the sons come to get it? After all, according to the story, they told the federal judge their father gave specific instructions on where he buried the gold.

According to the story, it is located a day or two ride north from Gallup.

That would put it anywhere from Tohatchi to Naschitti, where there are many mountains and caves where the gold could have been buried. The logical thing to do would have been for the sons to quietly come to Gallup, go to the cave, and pick up a few balls or bars of the gold or as much as they thought it would

Page 17 be safe for them to carry. Then, over a space of several years, they could slowly remove the gold with no one being the wiser and taking steps to either bring it back to their own country or sell in the United States, having the money wired to their home in Mexico.

But then again, maybe the boy’s father didn’t tell them exactly where the gold was buried. Perhaps he only gave them general instructions, and the sons would have to go looking for the place where the gold was hidden. That theory is why the story comes up again and again. Could the gold still be there just waiting for someone to find it?

When a tribal attorney was asked about the legalities of the situation several years ago, he said that anyone who came after the gold would have the Navajo nation to contend with if anything was found.

Since it was located, as the story goes, on Navajo land, the tribe could take the position that it was abandoned for so long that it now belongs to the tribe.

Or maybe federal agents will confiscate it, and Navajos and the feds will battle over it for years with lawyers for the sons racking up legal fees trying to get the gold back to the original owner’s sons.

Whenever it happens, the tribe has a policy that would cover the situation, at least as far as the tribe is concerned. It allows people to come onto the reservation looking for this lost treasure or any other. If anything is found, the tribe would receive 10% of whatever is found as the tribes share. The federal government is still a different matter, and all treasure hunters have to consider federal law, no matter what they do.

That’s where the story rests – waiting for one of the family to come forward and admit that the money is long gone, or for some searchers wanting to use state-of-the-art technology to find the treasure. Or, maybe what’s needed is for someone to come forward and say their father or uncle was the one who came up with the story, and that it is all a bunch of hooey.

October2015 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER November

Page 18 18

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Page 18

November 2015

THE INDIAN TRADER

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THE INDIAN TRADER October 2020

Page 19

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October 2020 THE INDIAN TRADER

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