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Editorial
MONTHLY
P a k i s t a n ’s P r e m i e r M a g a z i n e f o r I n d u s t r y
November 2011 Vol 4, Issue 11 Editor : M. Hanif Memon
India must remove NTBs to reciprocate MFN status
We welcome the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) status to India in order to normalise trade between two countries, however the India government Contributing Writers : Muhammad Shahzad should remove Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) to make Yakoob Gaziani MFN status from Pakistan a success in real sense. Asif Masood Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani in the chair, Ali Hassan Mohammad Owais Khan has taken a right step in the right direction by Shahzad Tabish granting the MFN status to India. However, it as Omer Rashdi a challenge for the Indian political leadership to Mohammad Danish remove NTBs against Pakistani products in India. Advisor : Imtiaz Rastgar Statistics show that trade between the two CEO, Rastgar Group & countries was $1.4 billion in 2009-10. Of these, CBI External Expert Indian exports to Pakistan stood at $1.2 billion, Islamabad while Pakistan exports to India were a mere $268 Abdul Majeed Sheikh million, a clear cut proof that India had not opened up its market for Pakistani goods. According to President, AOTS-ABK Dosokai, industrialist, despite the MFN status from India Karachi Regional Center & to Pakistan since 1996 still countless NTBs are in Director (MME), place against Pakistani goods in Indian market. NED University - Karachi On the contrary, there is hardly any NTB against the Indian goods in Pakistan despite non-granting M. Yakoob Gaziani of MFN status to India. The attitude of Indian CEO LORD Institute of Technology bureaucracy has been a challenge for the Indian leadership. Granting of MFN status to India is a Karachi test for the Indian leadership as how early it gets rid of NTBs against Pakistani goods. The Indian Haider Nawab policymakers should also reciprocate to Pakistan Advisor Planning & Devp. Toyota Southern Motors in the same coin and open up its market for Karachi Pakistani goods to normalize bilateral trade and capitalize the potential to grow with joint business J. Pereira strategy, particularly in textile industry. We General Manager appreciated the Federal Cabinet decision to grant Product Support Division MFN status to India but urged the government to Al-Haj FAW Motors (Pvt) Ltd. take pharmaceutical, automobile, motorcycle, Karachi petrochemical, auto parts, sugar, textile, cooking oil and ghee industries on board or into confidence Engr. IHT Farooqui before signing MFN treaty document with India. General Manager Plant Karakoram Motors (Pvt) Ltd., LCCI was in favour of promotion of trade with regional countries especially with the next door Karachi neighbours for the sake of peace, prosperity and Circulation Manager : Abdul Khaliq economic revival. But the MFN must not be at Graphic Designer : Salman Hanif the cost of Industry therefore it must be taken Postal Address into confidence before signing Most Favoured Active Communications Nation Treaty with India. The LCCI office-bearers D-68, Block-9, Clifton,Karachi said that the Pakistani policy makers should take Visit us: www.automark.pk up the issue of Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) with E-mail: magazine@automark.pk their Indian counterparts so that both the sides automarkpk@gmail.com have a level playing field to do business with each Tel : 021-32218526 Mobile: 0321-2203815 other. PDF Creator - PDF4Free v3.0 http://www.pdf4free.com Sub Editor : Dr. Raja Irfan Sabir Technical Editor: Muhammad Shahzad
CONTENTS
November - 2011 edition
The Monthly Magazine for Pakistan Automotive Sector
Pakistan Auto show (PAPS-2011) 09-10 concluded successfully Cover Story - Exclusive Article by M. Owais Khan Sale of Honda bikes still going strong despite all odds Exclusive Article by Ali Hassan
11-14
Motorcycle Production Figures year 2010-11
12-13
TiE Training “How to Choose and Operate Quarry Truck Fleet”
15
Agritechnika-2011 Hannover - PR
16-17
Local market leader Atlas Honda looks to exports
18
Taking the Mystery out of Motoring Know your car better! Exclusive Article by M. Shahzad
20-21
Knocking the Door Project 2011 Corporate event at Hinopak
27
A Step Toward a Better Choice Launched a New Brand Mini Cars Exclusive report by Asif Masood
28
“Discover your Lubricant; Beyond the Brands” Exclusive by Shahzad Tabish
46-47
Toyota Technical Education Program 38 for Paint shop Training - by Omar Rashidi
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Used cars import hurts local industry
39
The Alternate Solution - Part III by M. Yakoob Gaziani
42-44
Motorcycles market prices
50-51
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by Mohammad Owais Khan
Automotive - Post event report
Pakistan Pakistan Auto Auto show show (PAPS-2011) (PAPS-2011) concluded concluded successfully successfully
The Pakistan Auto Parts Show (PAPS 2011) organized in the country’s historical city and heart of Punjab -Lahore from October 24-26, 2011 by Pakistan Association of Automotive Parts and Accessories Manufacturers (PAAPAM) – succeeded in pulling up thousands of visitors. For many people, who just drive two to four wheelers simply, the exhibition offered an open opportunity to see the achievements of the local assemblers and vendors and their huge investments and their share of opening new job avenues. The exhibition was also a morale booster for the engineering students who after getting their degrees would join the vending industries or some local car and bike assemblers. Apart from the contribution of local auto industry many visitors and people thought that one of the prime stuffs was missing from the mega show. In other parts of the world such kind of exhibitors definitely offer some thing new to the visitors like new models of cars, bikes and other assembled items but in PAPS 2011, the visitors were seen searching for innovative products and new technologies from assemblers and vendors. At least in two wheelers 70cc the buyers looked tired to see the old model of both Japanese and Chinese versions with only a difference of petrol tank and side cover stickers, speedo meters, shock absorbers, indicators etc. These kinds of exhibitors usually attract
both foreign buyers and visitors either held in Karachi or in Lahore but the three day mega exhibition lacked any sizable presence of foreigners and even by the joint venture partners of the local vendors which was definitely a cause of concern. Law and order was definitely not a serious issue in Lahore as compared to Karachi. However, rising political tension between PML-N chief Nawaz Sharif and chief of Pakistan Tehrik-eInsaff Imran Khan in Lahore for holding separate huge political gathering soon after PAPS 2011 had taken Lahore by storm. But these political shows had nothing to do with the PAPS 2011.
These pre-event developments can not be blamed for very thin attendance of foreigners especially in Lahore but it seemed that the organizers of the show -- PAAPAM -- had focused more to ensure huge participation of local people, students and general public in order to create an awareness about the w or ki n g and ac hi ev eme nt s o f assemblers and vendor industries besides highlighting them about the deletion targets achieved so far in various vehicles. PAAPAM members have already achieved 70 per cent localization in passenger cars and LCVs, 90 per cent in two wheelers and tractors and 45 per cent in heavy vehicles. In a surprise move the PAAPAM did not extend any official invitation to the engineering universities and institutions of Lahore and surrounding areas for the participation of their students. Instead, many students attended the show on their own while many did not bother. There was also an online registration facility at the Show in order to avoid people standing in long queues before entering the exhibition halls. However, the PAAPAM had not forward the on line data to the contractor of the show due to vendors’ busy schedule. As a result, most of the visitors had to make entry pass. Just few days before PAPS 2011 in Lahore, the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP) had organized EXPO 2011 at Karachi Expo Centre in which the government invited 600 foreign delegates on its own expenses. PAPS 2011 as per brochures and information available was mainly supported by Small and Medium
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Automotive - Post event report
The exhibition was also a morale booster for the engineering students who after getting their degrees would join the vending industries or some local car and bike assemblers Enterprise Development Authority (SMEDA), Engineering Development Board (EDB) etc instead of TDAP. Market sources say that there was no contribution of the government in organizing this event and it was 100 per cent financed by the PAAPAM itself.
Either the PAAPAM or TDAP did not communicate with each other for some kind of collaboration to sponsor this event or it was because of some other political issues. Many people think that if 25 per cent of foreign delegates, who attended the EXPO 2011 in Karachi, would have arrived in Lahore then the PAPS would have definitely got the boost.
No can deny that the Pakistan Auto Parts Show 2011 has become the largest showcase of Pakistan's engineering export merchandise and services but the government did not treat it as per potential of local car, bike and vendors’ revenue contribution towards the national kitty and huge employment base. However, the success of the exhibition had encouraged vendors who promise to hold the PAPS 2012 in Karachi with more number of stalls set by over 120 parts makers and leading car, bike and t ract or makers in PA PS 20 11. PAAPAM did make hectic effort in last one year for making the exhibition more powerful and a success story but vendors were not satisfied with the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP), whose sole task was to arrange such events, as the Authority had never bothered to support in this regard. In a print media report PAAPAM chairman Nabeel Hashmi had said that 6,000 invitations were forwarded to the foreign counterparts companies but their thin participation implies that TDAP had no interest to attract the foreign companies or investors. He said the TDAP had never supported the auto seminar or exhibition in the country. The PAAPAM central chairman
said that his association intended to take part the foreign auto exhibitions, making the arrangements for 100 members to visit there, but the Authority never provided any help in this regard. Nabeel Hashmi strongly demanded of the government to ensure adequate and exclusive export promotions for the engineering sector. He said that Germany, with the collaboration of its government agencies, holds the world’s largest auto exhibition every year. In this exhibition only 16 companies form Pakistan participate while from India 650 and from China over 1,800 auto firms display their products. He claimed that this was the first exhibition in the history of Pakistan whose data base was controlled by us and the PAAPAM itself has developed software in this regard. It would have been a wise decision that both PAPS and EXPO 2011 would be held with a gap of few days in one city either in Karachi or Lahore for bigger participation of foreigners and local guests. One of the reasons for not inviting foreigners to PAPS 2011 was sheer absence of new technology. For example, 1993 design 70cc CDI bike, introduced by makers of Honda bikes, are now being rolled out by the Chinese bike makers by changing the stickers of petrol tank and side covers, indicator and back light covers, speedo meter etc. So there was nothing new for consumers to show extra enthusiasm while seeing the decades old 70cc bikes. Even the 100cc bikes being produced by Chinese bike makers, as already produced by Atlas Honda, has nothing new to offer except for a big price difference in both 70cc and 100cc bikes among Chinese and Japanese made bikes. Same is the case with 125cc bikes. People got fascinated by 125 Euro model of Honda but its price was too high but not for powerful growers of various crops who were its main buyers. In case of cars, the three leading Japanese car makers of Toyota, Suzuki and Honda -- had set up their stalls at PAPS 2011. People were seen more curious at Toyota stall where the Indus Motor Company (IMC) had parked a
Toyota Corolla car showing its half of its side in a raw form depicting the complex and technical procedures involved in its assembling. This display was aimed enough to justify its high price also. The management of Pak Suzuki Motor Company Limited (PSMCL) was clever enough to hire some dancing girls and boys on rent to shake and drum the hall with loud speaker system as the management knew that PSMCL had been rolling out decade old models and at least dancing of the girls could at least help divert the attention of the visitors towards the Suzuki stall. This kind of cheap promotion of vehicles with the help of dancing girls and boys had surprised many auto critics. However, the IMC had also hired some three to four girls but they were tasked to motivate the visitors by providing them information about the cars on spot rather than enticing them through various kinds of acts. Many people think that the PAPS lacked presentation of any new technology either in cars, motorcycles or any kind of new product by the vendors. Many of seasoned PAAPAM members either did not arrive from Karachi or other parts of the country nor did they set up their stalls. As the Association ran advertisement in Urdu Media for free entry many uninvited guests had thronged the exhibition in larger numbers and due to security lapses many exhibitors had lost their lap tops, cameras, mobile phones etc. The Exhibition lacked presence of lubricant manufacturers and other producers of accessories involved in both car and bike manufacturing while three tire manufacutrers were present. PAAPAM should have allocated one hall to the non members of PAAPAM so that they could present their items freely. Some bike assemblers had tried to attract a number of visitors by managing daily lucky draw besides holding concert. Chief Executive EDB Aitzaz Niazi gave good news at the exhibition that auto parts exports had reached $80 million in 2011 and it may become double in coming years......
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Exclusive by Ali Hassan
Automotive Sector - Article
Sale of Honda bikes still going strong despite all odds Except for few assemblers, many Chinese bike makers struggling hard for their survival
The print and electronic media people from Karachi, who visited the Pakistan Auto Parts Show (PAPS 2011) in Lahore from October 24-26, 2011, heard a good news from General Manager R&D and Projects Atlas Honda Limited (AHL) Afaq Ahmed that the company is fully committed to development of local motorcycle industry by supporting local auto part manufacturers to move towards 100 percent localization. The AHL truly deserves this to achieve this aim as it has braved many challenges both external and internal including unfavourable policies, low volumes and huge investments that at times made little business sense to invest in localisation. Afaq Ahmed said that currently motorcycle sector in Pakistan has achieved localization level in excess of 92 per cent. Thi s is no mean achievement considering that it is only now that the volumes have started justifying the huge investment AHL made over the years. No one can deny the dent made by Chinese bike makers to the sale of the inventor and pioneer of 70cc bike but this jerk is mainly felt in the urban city especially in Karachi where Honda bike enjoys only 10 per cent share due to snatching and jacking up bike at gun point or at public places. This is also because of higher resale value and quality of the Japanese bike. Despite a vast difference of Rs 25,000 between Chinese and Japanese 70cc bikes, a quick look at the sales figures reveal smooth sailing of Honda bikes irrespective of its higher prices. The Japanese bike enjoys a big support from
the rural buying thanks to rising farm income and the trend among growers to change the bike after every year. Besides, growers also know that the suspension system in the Japanese bike can sustain the pressure of bumpy ride in rural areas. From July to June 2010-2011, the costlier Honda bike maintained its supremacy with total production of 570,000 units as against 483,028 in 2009-2010 and 349,525 units in 20082009. Even the high price of Honda did not bother the growers and even people in the up country especially in Punjab. In July-October 2011 Honda bike sales rose to 202,674 units from 172,709 units in the same period of 2010. In a visit to Lahore during PAPS 2011 it was observed that a large number of people also love to ride 100-125 Honda bikes and knowing that the snatching and lifting of bikes is not a issue in Lahore they do not hide the petrol tank and side covers of bikes with any kind of clothes. Here in Karachi the situation is reverse as many people, even riding a Chinese bike, are seen covering the bikes with
fancy clothes since Chinese bike are also being snatched or lifted. As per figures, it seems that few makers of Chinese bikes have been enjoying a field day despite tough competition with Honda and the sale of few Chinese bike makers have been on the rise since they started their operations. Many Chinese bike makers are just present in the market with their insignificant sales numbers due to lack of their marketing skills, low quality and poor after sales service. The second competitor of Honda is the assembler of Unique bike whose production during JulyJune 2010-2011 recorded at 152,720 units as compared to 97,378 units in 2009-2010 and 65,997 units in 2008-2009. By production wise, Super Power has also performed well as its production swelled to 118,974 units from 91,623 units in 2009-2010 and 56,134 units in 2008-2009. The figures take many people by surprise that Yamaha Dhoom and Suzuki bikes are behind Unique and Super Power bikes. Yamaha Dhoom production in 2010-2011 touched 114,845 units as compared to 120,788 units in 20092010 and 66,190 units in 2008-2009. According to figures of Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA), Yamaha bike sales plunged to 32,893 units in July-October 2011 from 37,647 units in the corresponding period of 2010. In another surprise Suzuki bike production is also very low if compared to Chinese bike makers as Pak Suzuki Motor Company Limited (PSMCL) does
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Automotive Sector - Article
AHL went into technology transfer agreements with some of the best first tier vendors in Japan. Over the years company went for seven such agreements which resulted in transfer of technical know-how for local manufacturing of high tech parts. not produce 70cc bike. The company has definitely no match in quality in higher engine capacity bike with its Chinese counterparts. A total of 20,262 units of Suzuki bikes were produced in 2010-2011 as compared to 18,550 units in 2009-2010 and 14,592 units in 2008-2009. It means that despite high prices, the production of Suzuki bikes has been going swiftly as growers and farmers in rural areas are more charmed by Suzuki’s high quality of parts and durability. In July-October 2010-2011 sale of Suzuki bikes rose to 7,314 units as compared to 6,302 units in the same period of 2010. Super Star bikes are also popular in rural areas as its production has reached to 95488 units in 20102011 as compared to 88,580 in 2009-2010 and 49,962 units in 2008-2009. Production of Hero bike is also going fine reaching to 41,972 units in 2010-2011 from 35,010 units in 2009-2010 and 20,887 units in 2008-2009. A total of 15,619 units of Hero bike were sold in JulyOctober 2011 as compared to 13,989 units in the same period of 2010. Production of United bikes hit 52,250 units in 2010-2011 as compared to 35,490 units in 2009-2010 and 19,575 units in 2008-2009. Hi Speed and Crown bikes production in 2010-2011 hit 48,189 and 47,482 units as compared to 39,872 and 31,252 units in 20092010 and 19,118 and 10,772 units in 2008-2009. Out of total bike production of 1.6 million in 2010-2011 the above assemblers have been surviving due to their major sales shares in big cities. Out of total 66 assemblers, many had suspended their production for the last few months. Road Prince is quite doing good as its production in 2010-2011 hit 30,812 units as compared to 27,922 units in 20092010 and 13,727 units in 2008-2009. Pak Hero after producing 10,288 units in 2008-2009 and 22,985 units in 20092010, had seen its production rising to 28,394 units.
There are around 15 assemblers whose production ranges between 50 units a year to less than 900 units a year. Some 11 assemblers produce 1,000 units to less than 1,900 units a year. No body knows as to how they are surviving under sti ff competi ti on. Man y assemblers have been skipping production figures in the annual chart. Many of these assemblers got off a good start in 2008-2009 but did not maintain the pace of their sales due to various reasons. Many bike makers are producing 10,000 units a year who used to make over 12.000 units a year few years back. Some are rolling out 4,0006,000 units a year who enjoyed producing 8,000-10,000 units a year few years back. It means that the Pakistani market had already reached a saturation point few years back and there was no room for new comers but the government continued to encourage new players hoping to maintain a competition and provide cheaper bikes to the end users. GM AHL Afaq Ahmed said that being the pioneer in Pakistan motorcycle manufacturing industry, Atlas Honda has always fulfilled its commitment to the country by contributing to national economy and creating employment for thousands of skilled and unskilled local workforce. Motorcycle industry is the most vibrant of all the sub-sectors of the auto industry in Pakistan. It has been maintaining an average growth rate of around 15 per cent year after year for last five years and that to on an expanding base. Since the start of business in 1962 and rolling out of first motorcycle in 1964, the pioneering work done by AHL for indigenisation of motorcycle parts has braved many a challenges, both internal and external, including unfavourable policies, low volumes and huge investments that at times made little business sense to invest in localization. In spite of all odds, the Company continued to place its faith in investing in increasing local content of its product. The company ploughed-in huge investment in in-house manufacturing. In the early years the emphasis was on press, steel sheet parts. Later, as
confidence grew, investment was gradually made in high tech parts such as shock absorbers, ACG and CDI unit etc. Pioneering contribution to localisation in the country came when AHL went into technology transfer agreements with some of the best first tier vendors in Japan. Over the years company went for seven such agreements which resulted in transfer of technical knowhow for local manufacturing of high tech parts such as Ignition Coil, ACG Flywheel, Drum Gear Shift, Fuel Cock and Brake Shoe etc. At the same time AHL helped the vendor industry of the country by arranging transfer of technology agreements with 12 of its vendors. It is these critical agreements that have helped lay the base for local manufacturing of motorcycles in the country on a mass scale and at competitive prices. Today AHL plants and the facilities of its vendors are a nursery for training human resource. They are fuelling the growth momentum of the industry and helping motorcycle sector to discover new markets for the country. It was a matter of faith for its sponsors in the potential this country always held. It takes vision and faith to invest in technologies such as Piston, CDI Unit and Regulator Rectifier etc. These are technologies in which AHL invested fortunes in the late 90’s and early 2000’. As of today most of AHL competition have yet to source these parts locally. The fly by night manufacturing finds it difficult to share a vision with AHL of the great future this country has. It is unfortunate but true that many of the so called manufacturers want to reap the fortunes this great country has to offer but they are not willing to plough back a part of the blessings that have been bestowed on them to create employment and to contribute in the progress of this country. During the first five months of the current financial year of the company, AHL has exported 12,450 units to different countries already exceeding the last year exports....
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Press Release
Corporate Event - Update
TiE Training “How to Choose and Operate Quarry Truck Fleet”
One Day Training program on “How To Choose and Operate Quarry Truck Fleet” was held in Pakistan Stone Development Company (PASDEC) Islamabad on Friday, 9th September, 2011. It was organized by The Indus Entrepreneurs (TiE), Islamabad a group of progressive industrialist and businessmen under
their new initiative called TiE Training. A large number of traders associated with marble business attended this training. Its basic objective was to provide information required at the time of purchase of quarry truck fleets. Prons and Corns of all modern days’ fleets with subject to different Terrains were presented to the participants. Technical details about operations and spare parts were also parted. Imtiaz Rastgar, Chairman of TiE Training underlined the need of strategic partnership between private and public sector for driving the economy of the country forward. Ihasan Ullah Khan, CEO, Pakistan Stone Development
Company (PASDEC) stressed on the importance of decisions based on complete information while purchasing truck fleet for marble industry. Murtaza Zaidi, Honorary Executive Director, TiE Islamabad Chapter said that the training program was a new initiative and it will be continue in future so that the local entrepreneurs could be provided the latest skills. Participants were awarded certificates at the conclusion. It may be emphasized that The Indus Entrepreneurs (TiE) is working to bring much needed self –employment and commercial skills to university graduates and young businessmen of the city....
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Agritechnika-2011 Hannover
Press Release by Imtiaz Rastgar
17 Pakistani Tractor Vendors Participating at Agritechnika, 2011 Hannover World’s Largest Agricultural Machinery and Technology Fair
Pakistani vendors companies displaying at the Pakistan Pavilion, organised by the TDAP are Mannan Shahid,MGA,Infinity, Project Engg, Darsons, Kad Kam,SPEL, ChenaB Engg, Ravi Autos, Silver Falcon,M.A. Nawaz,Power Vision, Siddique Brothers, Hussain Engg, Matchless Engg.
14 NOV. 2011: (HANNOVER) Hannover Messe is again home to an extraordinary exhibition of showcasing where agricultural technology is headed in the future. The Agritechnika 2011 has all 27 Halls full of cutting edge technologies, management systems. Pakistani vendors are no strangers to Hannover as most have them have been brought to the Messe Hannover in big numbers from 2005 – 2008 by the Engineering Development Board. A lot of enterprising engineering sector companies, mostly vendors of local OEMs have found customers in Europe and other parts of the world and export of tractor, truck and auto related parts made in Pakistan is steadily growing. The Pakistani vendor companies are displaying their products at the Agritechnika, at a time of doom and
gloom for the vendors back in Pakistan itself, where the OEMs are sitting smug in their fight with the GOP over VAT, with plants closed and letting the vendor community do the talking and fighting and letting PAAPAM’s sympathy vote work for the OEMs. As an agricultural country, the Agritechnika has a lot to teach the agriculturalists as well professionals who are teaching, training or selling anything which has any thing to do with Agriculture; ranging from machinery, to bio energy, to waste utilisation , byeproducts, genetic engineering, you name it ! For Pakistani Vendors it is a matter of life and death to find alternate customers to the Pakistani OEMs. The Pakistani tractor parts vendors are the only group visiting and displaying at the Agritechnika. This sector is also being helped by the Dutch Centre for Promotion of Imports from Developing Countries, the CBI, who have two Pakistani vendors, Eehab Engineering and R.K.Gears displaying at the CBI Stand in Hall 26. Pakistani vendors companies displaying at the Pakistan Pavilion, organised by
the TDAP are Mannan Shahid,MGA,Infinity,Project Engg, Darsons, Kad Kam,SPEL, ChenaB Engg, Rav i A ut os, S i lv er F al co n, M. A . Nawaz,Power Vision, Siddique Brothers, Hussain Engg, Matchless Engg. At the heart of Agritechnica is the tradition of giving the event’s visitors the opportunity to benefit from global knowledge and perspectives on a wide range of topics related to agriculture and related industries. An important part of this mission are the special shows and forums that are carefully selected to reflect trends taking place in the agrimachinery market throughout the world.
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Agritechnika-2011 Hannover
Pakistani participants at the Agritechnika recommended that Pakistani agriculturists, agricultural professionals, universities as well as machinery manufacturers should attend the Agritechnika in large numbers and benefit from the knowledge and experience to be gained. The Pakistani tractor parts vendors are the only group visiting and displaying at the Agritechnika. This sector is also being helped by the Dutch Centre for Promotion of Imports from Developing Countries, the CBI, who have two Pakistani vendors, Eehab Engineering and R.K.Gears displaying at the CBI Stand in Hall 26. To make the forums accessible to a global audience, a number of the sess ion s p ro vi d e si mul tan eous translation from German into English to open them up to international participation. Featuring experts from DLG, the organizer of Agritechnika, and a broad range of other organizations, the one-hour forums are designed to bring participants fully up-to-date on specific topics and to promote a dialogue that increases overall understanding of the subject. This year the forum subjects on offer are Smart Farming (to tie in with the special show taking place at Agritechnika 2011 ); Machinery and Fa rm Management; and Forest Machinery and Energy Crop Cultivation. One translated session from each subject will take place at 1100, 1300 and 1500 respectively from Monday until
Saturday, giving a total of 18 forums in all. The Smart Farming forums, which all take place in Hall 16, alongside the special Smart Farming show, will explore topics as diverse as controlledtraffic farming; what N-sensors can do; the use of EGNOS and Galileo for precision farming; and social media’s role in agriculture. In Hall 19, the Machinery and Farm Management forum topics include market trends in the fertilizer market; how to find and keep good staff; using the money markets to tackle exchange rate volatility; and successful direct drilling in Argentina and Russia – a session that is hosted jointly by DLG and the Club of European Arable Farmers. Forums on Forest Machinery and Energy Crop Cultivation take place in
Hall 21 during the week of Agritechnika 2011 and again address a range of topics relevant to these sectors. Organising logistic chains will feature early in the week as will the use of bio digester residues as fertilizer. Other sessions include how woodland visitors should protect themselves from health hazards and the importance of compacting and storing biomass silage properly. P ak i s t a n i p ar t i ci p an t s at t h e Agritechnika recommended that Pakistani agriculturists, agricultural professionals, universities as well as machinery manufacturers should attend the Agritechnika in large numbers and benefit from the knowledge and experience to be gained, as well as for the growth opportunities it provides for Pakistan’s agri machinery exports as well as the insights which can be gained for value added agriculture......
Agritechnika-2011 Hannover
Two Gold Medals and 39 Silver Medals for Innovations
Agricultural machinery manufacturers aim to inspire the markets with innovations Agritechnica has featured a fireworks display of innovations. Over 300 innovations were submitted to the Agritechnica organiser, the DLG, up to
the beginning of September. This is to be interpreted as a distinct signal that the manufacturers of agricultural machinery and equipment want to inspire the markets currently influenced by the financial and economic crisis with their innovations.
From among the innovations presented, an impartial commission of experts appointed by the DLG and judging on the basis of stringent criteria has selected altogether two innovations for Gold Medals and 39 innovations for Silver Medals.....
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Motorcycle Sector - Update
Local market leader Atlas Honda looks to exports Afaq Ahmad, GM R&D and Projects, AHL at Pakistan Auto Parts Show 2011 said it was a landmark achievement for local auto parts vendors and manufacturers that under one roof country’s auto industry was able to display its achievements, advancement, standards and extent of localisation.
Having established an undisputed dominance of the Pakistani motorcycle market, Atlas Honda is now looking at foreign markets as its next phase of growth, with exports to Bangladesh and Afghanistan expanding rapid ly. In the first five months of the fiscal year ending March 31, 2012, Atlas Honda exported more than 12,500 motorcycles from Pakistan, as many as the number it exported during the entire financial year 2011, according to Raziur Rehman, the company’s general manager for corporate affairs. “Looking at the export figure, we think that we can easily double our exports this year,” said Rehman. “We believe we can further expand our export markets to Iran, Central Asia and Africa.” Atlas Honda produced approximately 571,000 motorcycles during financial year 2011, which is 68% of Pakistan’s local production. The company appears to be on track to produce 650,000 units this year, even as the total market for motorcycles (including imported vehicles) is set to touch 1.5 million. The company is now targeting the 1 million units a year mark as its next psychological barrier. Atlas Honda also wants to reduce its cost of production by increasing the local content. It aims to take the ratio of local content in its motorcycles from 92% to 100%. A key barrier to lowering costs has been the relatively small size of the local market. The Pakistan market is only 1.5 million motorcycles a year, compared to the 8 million motorcycles sold last year in India, according to Rehman. Whi l e t h e mar k et fo r l oc al ly manufactured motorcycles, in terms of volumes, has been growing at 22.6% annually over the past decade, Atlas Honda appears to feel that expansion
into export market is the only way to attain the scale it needs to effectively compete on pricing. The company’s major advantage seems to be the 70 cc motorcycle. Atlas Honda is the only partner of Honda that manufactures the CD-70 model, a highly
According to Razi, together with other Atlas Group companies, the company contributes almost Rs19.38 billion towards national exchequer which is around 2 per cent of the country’s total revenue collection. Moreover these manufacturing plants in Pakistan are providing jobs to thousand of skilled and semi-skilled labour of the country. Razi said that though his company has no objection over the introduction of new companies in this sector but the proposed policy for the new entrants specially ‘Yamaha Motors’ of Japan was unjustified.
popular one in places like Afghanistan, particularly due to pricing. Atlas’ Indian competitors tend to focus on the 100 cc model. “The Indian 70 cc motorcycle costs about Rs70,000. Ours is about Rs66,000,” said Rehman. “We also have a good aft er- sales se rvi ce net wo rk i n Afghanistan.” Closer to the home front, executives at the company say that the advent of cheap er C hin ese -man ufact ured motorcycles in the Pakistani market has not hurt them at all and may in fact have helped their brand. “When people use low quality motorcycles [from China] and have to change them in a few months at half the original price, they come to us. We offer top quality with the highest resale value,” said Afaq Ahmed, general manager for research and development projects at Atlas Honda. Nonetheless, observers argue that even though people are willing to pay a premium for Honda motorcycles over their Chinese competitors, the existence of a cheaper alternative may have forced the company to keep its prices low. Atlas Honda is a joint venture between the Atlas Group – a local financial and industrial conglomerate – and Honda, the Japanese car giant. Honda operates through two joint ventures in the Pakistani automobile sector, both with the Atlas Group. It owns a 51% stake in Honda Atlas Cars (a seda n manufacturer) and a 35% stake in Atlas Honda (the motorcycle manufacturer). In financial year 2011, the company had sales of over Rs32.5 billion and a net income of over Rs1 billion. The company’s stock, however, has not been doing well for the year.
M o nth ly A utom ark | N o vem ber-2011 | Page 18
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Energy & Logistics - Update
Shipping alternative energy equipment – made easy by DHL Technology has made our lives comfortable but due to this we are so dependent on it that now abundant and economical energy has become the foremost need and life blood of modern civilisation. With the ever growing population, widely exploiting the natural resources, the world is facing severe energy crisis that needs to be tackled carefully and earnestly. Many experts believe that factors such as geopolitical events, natural disasters and i ncrease i n d emand hav e exacerbated the situation and energy crisi s mi ght even turn int o a humanitarian crisis soon. Energy or power plays a pivotal role in socio-economic development of a country by running the industrial machinery, lighting the cities and at some places even powering the vehicles. Since energy can easily be labelled as the backbone of any economy and its consumption is correlated to economic growth, globally nations have realised the importance of mitigating this crisis. For this purpose, people are now focusing on concepts like energy conservation, use of bioplastics and alternative energy and fuels. Despite having significant hydrocarbon reserves, Pakistan is also facing acute power shortage due to underdeveloped and poorly managed energy infrastructure. Pakistan embraced many thermal power plants during the late 80s and early 90s to o ve rcome po wer o utages, unfortunately overreliance on thermal power generation, which accounts for 62% of our electrical energy supply mix, has resulted in severe power shortfall. Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr Yousuf Raza Gillani announced a national energy policy on April 22, 2010 aiming to cut consumption by 1500 megawatts (MW). However, even if the policy is implemented painstakingly and the outcome is 100 percent, Pakistan is still bound to face a shortfall of 2,168 MW per day. This figure is certain to increase with a population growth rate of 1.57 percent.
Therefore, it is crucial for us to understand that there is a dire need to develop an alternate energy plan as a long-term strategy to deal with the power crisis. Keeping in mind the above factors, the Alternative Energy Development Board Bill was passed in 2010 to approve the establishment of an Alternative Energy Devel o pm ent Bo ard (AEDB). Since its inception the board has formulated various plans to generate power through wind, coal, solar, biogas, biomass/waste-to-energy, and hydel resources. Various projects of alternative energy capable of generating 700 MW will be added to the national grid by 2015. Pakistan is mainly dependant on thermal and hydroelectric power-based energy producing sector to meet its needs. Our country is bestowed with the great prospective of making solar and wind energy as its prime energy sources. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) of the USA, in collaboration with USAID, has developed a wind map of Pakistan which indicates that it has a potential of 346,000 MW. About 3% of Pakistan’s total land area has Class 4+ windy land area which means it is excellent for utility-scale applications. Almost 9% of Pakistan’s land area has Class 3 or better wind resource. The coastline of Sindh is well suited for renewable energy development; especially Gharo-Keti Bandar which alone has a capability of approximately 50,000 MW. The process of transporting such equipment is a herculean task and needs to be done with extraordinary care. The nature of such cargo is sensitive and one wrong move could result in damages running into millions of dollars. Lack of professional exp ertise, mandatory to handle such equipment, hinders the transportation process. DHL Global Forwarding is the solution to this challenge. The Industrial Projects unit of DHL Global Forwarding specialises in moving an d h an d li n g hug e in d us t ri a l
equipments. The unit has trained professionals who take care of the total logistics of facilitating the secure transfer of these e q u i p me n t s r i g h t fr o m t h e i r manufacturers to the project sites anywhere in Pakistan. DHL Global Forwarding’s Industrial Projects unit offers feasibility studies, route surveys, supervision at origin which includes picking and packing from manufacturer facility, entry through ports to location, custom clearance with complete documentation, export-import procedures, inland haulage of heavy and multi-axle trailers for over-dimensional equipment movement, internet tracking tracing and delivery up to the project site. Each project undertaken by the unit has a comprehensive Health, Safety and Environmental plan which is in accordance with the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 quality accreditations. Recently, DHL Global Forwarding successfully managed to ship 46,000 tonnes of windmill equipment from Spain to the western state of Falcon in Venezuela. Its Industrial Projects team is committed to meeting timelines and providing customised solutions to clients. Their main objective is to provide the best services at the most competitive rates. DHL is the only freight forwarding company in Pakistan which is providing quality end-to-end services to large industrial project clients. By doing this it is not only making transportation easier for the companies but also contributing towards successful completion of Pakistan’s national alternate energy plan. Ultimately oil and gas will become scarce and expensive within our lifetimes and t radi ti onal method s o f energy production will fall short of meeting the needs and demands of the industry. Therefore, it is imperative to shift to alternate energy producing methods and DHL Global Forwarding is effectively and practically playing its role in this transition.......
M onthly Au tom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 19
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by Mohammad Shahzad
Exclusive Car Care Article
Taking the Mystery out of Motoring Know your car better!
For your Safety, Saving and Satisfaction The development of the car would not have been possible without the invention of the wheel, which transforms circular dimensions to linear distance. The earliest known form of a wheel was made of stone, dates back to the Bronze Age (about 3200 BC). This is according to crude representation from an ancient Sumerian city in a part of what is now Iraq. Your car is the second biggest investment to fulfill your transportation vital needs. To keep this valuable investment it is worth some effort to familiarize yourself with the basic systems that makes your car run. In this way you should be able to identify and check minor problems before they become costly and possibly dangerous. But even if you cannot check or fix minor repairs yourself your knowledge may help you get better service or fair repair charges or both from a service provider because the quality of information you are able to provide will help the technician in diagnosing the source of the problem quickly and accurately. Over the years, the automobile has become a very complicated machine. It is no longer the simple “horseless carriage” of the past; it has become a “Computer on Wheels”. In fact 80% systems are controlled by the computers and selected cars are now communicated through your voice controlled command.
The modern automobile is made of many different materials, systems and with hundreds of components and thousands of parts; it covers every
technological aspect, and wide range of mechanical skill within two bumpers. Think about it this way, your car is a two toned big rig, state-of- art engineering and hi-tech sophisticated automobile-machine with over 17,000 moving parts, 86,000 non-moving parts, 18 kms -22 kms of wiring and up to 50 microprocessors. Now consider this, your vehicles is exposed to extreme weather and harshly driving conditions, -50c chill cold to +40c hot like fire, snow to sand, mud to mushy mulch, rough to tough roads, and blustery weather. Despite going through all these adversities your well-maintained obedient car is still providing you safe, reliable, comfortable and speedy ride on demand at your convenience. Just to appreciate your beloved ride, take a glance at people waiting at the transit/bus stop in adverse weather conditions. After all, have you ever realised this blessing? The modern cars are made of hi-tech sophisticated computerized systems, diversified materials, hundreds of components and thousands of parts. Through normal usage these parts in your car gradually deteriorate. Some wear out sooner than others because they work harder (brakes, tires for example), while many can last the lifetime of the car. The performance of each system, such as brakes, steering,
M onthly Autom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 20
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Exclusive Car Care Article
Carbon Emissions Experience Record Annual Increase Additionally, some nations, including Switzerland, Spain, New Zealand, and Pakistan, showed decreases in their total carbon emissions from 2009 to 2010. However, the primary reaction to the Department of Energy’s findings was not positive in nature.
Emissions of carbon dioxide saw their largest ever single-year increase in 2010, with levels of the heat-trapping greenhouse gases surpassing the socalled “worst case scenario” that climate experts described just four years ago, various media outlets reported Friday. According to Seth Borenstein of the Associated Press, the U.S. Department of Energy has determined that global carbon emissions increased 564 million tons from 2009 through 2010. That 6% increase, says Borenstein, is larger than the total emissions for every country on Earth except for China, India, and the United States. Additionally, AFP reporter Kerry Sheridan reports that China was the largest offender, with a more than 233 million ton increase. The U.S. was a distant second with 65 million tons, followed by India with nearly 53 million tons more over the same time period. The data, which was posted online last suspension, ignition and fuel, depends not only on the condition of all of its own parts but also on the proper functioning of other related systems. If, for example, a hose breaks in the cooling system, the overheating that results can damage the engine, electrical, and lubrication systems. For safety’s sake, you should become sensitive to the earliest warnings in each system and check them out immediately. As systems begin to fail, your driving attitude probably changes. Most drivers tend unconsciously to adjust their driving habits. When the brakes show signs of going soft, do you begin to pump them? Or, if the car is pulling to one side, are you correcting for it by steering differently? Keep in mind that you are dealing with a potentially hazardous condition that needs to be corrected by adjustments to the car, not by adjusting your driving habits. Some trouble signs are visible, others give warning through
week, also showed “significant spikes” in Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Russia, Poland and Kazakhstan, according to Sheridan. “It’s big,” Tom Boden, the director of the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center Environmental Sciences Division at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, told AFP in a November 4 interview. “Our data go back to 1751, even before the Industrial Revolution. Never before have we seen a 500million-metric-ton carbon increase in a single year.” The news wasn’t all bad, however. Boden told Sheridan that the results showed that manufacturing industries were rebounding, and that increased emissions from transportation vehicles showed that people were travelling again — both promising signs in the economic sense. “From an emissions standpoint, the global financial crisis seems to be over,”
he told Borenstein. Additionally, some nations, including Switzerland, Spain, New Zealand, and Pakistan, showed decreases in their total carbon emissions from 2009 to 2010. However, the primary reaction to the Department of Energy’s findings was not positive in nature. Gr ange r Mo rgan , head of t he engi ne erin g and p ubli c p ol icy department at Carnegie Mellon University, called the figures “really dismaying,” telling the AP, “We are building up a horrible legacy for our children and grandchildren.” “This is very bad news,” added University of St. Thomas School of Engineering Associate Professor John Abraham, in an interview with AFP. “These results show that it will be harder to make the tough cuts to emissions if we are to head off a climate crisis.”
repair or to take your car in for service/maintenance. If you do nothing else, just following important car care tips and maintains your car as per regular maintenance procedures recommended by your vehicle’s manufacturer, this will help you to ac hi e v e ma xi mu m Sa fet y an d Performance, and spare you the expenses of avoidable repairs and save your hard earned money with the peace of mind safe motoring changes in sound, sudden or gradual, can be detected by the way the car handles. The aim of these articles which will continue in the future through the Pakeeza a very popular community newspaper, so that you can tune your senses to symptoms of failure to avoid breakdowns. You can then decide whether to do your own check-up/minor
Drive Safe...Safety starts with you!
Mohammad Shahzad is the Customer Management Operations Manager at Brimell Toyota/Scion in Toronto, On. Free advice for Automark readers, please email him at ask@automark.pk Next: The Engine … Heart and power source of your car
M onthly A utom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 21
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By Asif Masood
Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article
Now or Never – Solar Power Now the government has to play a vital role to materialize this proposal, in first step a special legislation would have been incorporated in Building energy code developed by ENERCON, Ministry of Water and Power, whereby all new residential houses of 10 marlas and above would be under law to arrange 20% of their need by installing s mall solar home system. The unprecedented and prolonged power outage hit various part of the country especially Punjab, tested the nerves of the masses. The people came out on the road and highways in protest. The demonstration was initially peaceful but with the interlude of local police it transformed into fierce attacks on public properties and vehicles plying on the roads. The fact was subjugated by the Punjab Government which held the federal government’s alleged corruption for the whole mess. The situation in Lahore was murky as it was getting only 1000MW energy against 2800MW. The industry in whole of the country came to stand still as the supply was below its share of 1100MW. Out of around 7 million industrial work force in the province, around 35% comprises of daily wagers. Law and order is bound to worsen in case these workers have nothing to feed themselves and their dependents. The case of Punjab province with respect of energy shortage cannot be completed without mentioning of Faisalabad, the hub of industrial activities specially the textile industry. The recent shut off led to close off around 250,000 power looms which disturbed the supply chain management immediately. The situation can be well imagined if there is no yarn, there is no weaving, stitching, knitting and dying, similarly if industry is not performing well the demand and consumption of cotton will also descend. The life blood of a nation is without doubt ample supply of energy. This energy may be in the form of electricity, natural gas, oil or nuclear energy. Recently solar, wind or geo-thermal energy is increasingly contributing to the energy needs of the world. Pakistan is gifted with substantial solar potential, most areas of Pakistan receive ample
amount of sunshine, averaging about 300 sunny days in a year. Solar energy applications therefore are particularly feasible in the country. Although, small scales photovoltaic (PV) system exists for small scale level application, yet large scale adoption of solar energy has not taken place as yet in Pakistan. We must learn lesson from other countries, for example Australia is generating almost 90% of their energy need from coal but still they have i mp le me n t e d a s t r i v i n g s o la r programme and almost all roofs are covered by shiny PV Panels. Germany is generating more than 18,000 MW from solar energy. Many other countries like China and India are entering in the race. Solar energy’s use is also limited because of a host of practical issues, such as energy conversion and storage, mismatched supply and load profiles and maintenance costs. Moreover, an absence of a clear cut policy and lack of fiscal supp ort mechani sms for promoting the local manufacture of low cost dispersed systems have also contributed to its limited use. There is a need to revise the renewable policy and then engage the public and private sector in generation of solar power by setting up power generation station based on PV as well as concentrated solar power. The general public can easily be included by installing small solar home systems of 1 to 1.5 Kw, for this government may introduce feed-in tariffs (FITs) system. Under this scheme the government will buy the electricity from the owner for extra generation. These payments can easily be calculated and then can be d educted from electri cit y bill. Presently, almost seven million are prosperous customers with monthly average usage is more or less 5 Kw, by installing 1Kw solar PV based home
system they will be sharing almost 1520% of their load. The system cost almost Rs 300,000 and keeping in view the present tariff rate the payback Mr. Asif Masood period will be in between 3-5 years. Now a million dollar question is why he would take the trouble to install solar home system when the market is flooded with quick and dirty fix of UPS & generators. The public can be motivated by explaining disadvantages of UPS & generators. Ups are 35 to 40% in efficient and most of them are delivering impure power and recharging of the batteries add immense amount in their electricity bill. Generators efficiency is also not more than 20% and running cost is too high. The other major disadvantage is the noise and pollution. Whereas, the solar system is maintenance free, environment friendly and need no fuel. The life of the system is 25 to 30 years. Now the government has to play a vital role to materialize this proposal, in first step a special legislation would have been incorporated in Building energy code developed by ENERCON, Ministry of Water and Power, whereby all new residential houses of 10 marlas and above would be under law to arrange 20% of their need by installing small solar home system and then facilitate by introducing feed-in tariff system and also arrange soft loans from Energy Conservation Fund (ECF) on low mark up. Otherwise, federal minister for water and power will continue to say, “The costliest electricity is the one which is not available at all”. The government support will be of great importance otherwise sustainability of the plan could never be achieved...
M onthly Au tom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 22
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Corporate Event - - Update
K n o c k in g th e D o o r P ro je c t 2 0 1 1
"During the Parts & Service Dealers Conference – 2011, Hino Motors, Japan has announced a special campaigning “Knocking the Door Project - 2011”. Object of this campaign is reaching every customer Hino Customers all over the Pakistan with the Support of Hino Motors, Japan. In this regard Mr. R. Yaguchi of Overseas Service Division of Hino Motors, Japan
has recently visited Pakistan to assist Hinopak Motors Limited & their Authorized Dealers to heighten the activity of “Knocking the Door Project”. During his stay in Pakistan, he visited large number of Fleet Operators & Truck Stands to meet the customers & catchup their voice and binding the relationship between Hinopak, Dealers & its customers.
“KNOCKING THE DOOR PROJECT” activity has widely appreciated by the Fleet Operators and them selection of recognized that Hino Product is for Life Time Operation, Economical, Reliable and High Resale Value. Customers also appreciated about the Hino's strong back-up support all over the Pakistan.
Pakistan Beverages Limited (PEPSI)
Coca Cola Beverages Pakistan Ltd. (PTN)
Ammiza Transport (Pvt)., Ltd.
Ghulam Nabi Water Tanker
Marine Logistics (Pvt) Ltd.
Perfect Transport Nwtork (PTN), Landhi Workshop
Unique Enterprises
Mauripur Truck Stand
M onthly Au tom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 27
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by Asif Masood
Automotive Sector - Update
A Step Toward a Better Choice Launched a New Brand Mini Cars One of the prime objectives of the Government has been to achieve self sufficiency in all its energy requirements so as to cease dependence on imports of crude oil and save valuable foreign exchange. This objective can only be achieved by exploring the potential resources including the substantial untapped energy resources of Energy Conservation and Efficiencies. The evidence is quite clear around the world Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency, as a resource, the cheapest and fastest means of improving a nation’s energy supply/demand situation. It is immeasurably preferred, too, for protecting the environment and preserving national resources and even accelerate production and income by co ntr ibut ing to effici ency an d competitiveness. A business tycoon Mr Safdar Awan, Chairman Sino-Pak has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with CEO Chongqing Shihao Locomobile Manufacture Co limited China, for research and development of Mini Car and Mini Truck based on intensive resources of parts suppliers in Chongqing, which laid solid foundation of launching manufacturing & assembly line in Pakistan. Both the companies announced, they would work together to introduce small and affordable cars in Pakistan market. In the colorful ceremony Mr. Safdar Awan, Chairman Sino-Pak said that “Together with Chongqing Shihao, we are making excel lent p ro gress, i de nti fyi ng
opportunities to utilize the strength of both companies to create a new brand of mini cars for local market of Pakistan. This is a unique and exciting initiative and together we are pushing hard to bring this new vehicle to market as soon as possible”. CEO of Chongqing Shihao Locomobile Manufacture Co limited in his address said that, “Our new joint venture is well positioned to make the most of the vast potential of road mobility in Pakistan. We are fortunate to have excellent joint venture partners and the establi shment of t his manufacturing facility with Sino-Pak adds another dimension to our growing presence in this important market. C hon gqi n g Shi hao Locomo bi le Manufacture Co limited will invest about US$ 3 million as registered capital for the Joint venture. This follows to build a strong working team of engineers, designers and other executives from both companies to begin working on the vehicle manufacturing. The business license for the new joint v ent ure is subj ect to relev an t government approval. C hon gqi n g Shi hao Locomo bi le Manufacture Co limited was established in 2003, located at the Jiulong industrial park which being known as the production base of Automobiles and m o t o c y l e s. C h o n g qi n g S h i ha o Locomobile Manufacture Co Ltd. is a comprehensive enterprise which combines research & development, assembli ng an d market i ng for automobiles, motorcycles and fuel motorbikes. The company has enjoyed rapid growth after entering the automotive sector. It is the fastest growing Ch inese au tom otive manufacturer.
Besides the Mini Cars the company will introduce a new series of green environmental and energy saving products like “Asian Wolf” battery operated motorbike, in accordance with local needs and requirements, electric motorcycles, solar series such as solar water heater, solar battery, solar-cell panel, LED lamp as well as the tiller machine in agricultural field which being widespread applicated with high efficiency, oil and labor saving, strictly follow ISO9001 quality control system. Salient Features •Motorbike operates on rechargeable batteries •Maximum Speed is about 50 Km/hr •Two average persons can ride the Motorbike •Fully charged batteries have been run for 50 Km before recharge •Powerful & Cost effective Rs 27 per 100 Km •There is no noise or pollution caused while operating the Motorbike on road •Substantial savings can be achieved through conservation of fuel if Motorbike is adopted in place of Motor Cycles operating on gasoline. Sino-Pak (Pvt) Ltd is a prosperous company with a team of modernizational management capability, brilliant skill and excellent market exploration. The enterprise culture is always pragmatic and innovative, which bring together with all partners to seek common development.
M onthly A utom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 28
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PAPS-2011, 24-26 Lahore
Pakistan Auto Parts Show-2011 Participates Glimpses
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PAPS-2011, 24-26 Lahore
Pakistan Auto Parts Show-2011 Participates Glimpses
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Corporate Event - Update
Stable policies a prerequisite to encourage investment in auto industry CEO IMC especially thanked PAAPAM for providing the opportunity to IMC to be the principal sponsor for PAPS. “IMC hopes the exhibition has served the purpose, in conveying the valuable role that the industry is playing in the industrial growth and development of Pakistan
Local auto industry is constantly investing in the country amid critical economic turmoil in Pakistan while other industries pulled out, Government should formulate policies that support the industry to create more employment opportunities. This was stated by Indus Motor Company CEO Mr Parvez Ghias, while addressing concluding ceremony at Pakistan Auto Parts Show 2011. He said that the auto industry is fully documented, pays bills and taxes regularly and doesn’t demand anything from the government apart from stable and long term policies to help develop the engineering base in the country for the sake of localisation. Mr Ghias said that auto industry is a growth driver in several countries like USA, Japan, Korea, Thailand and now India. In Pakistan too, he said, it provides jobs to millions of local youth, contributes 5 per cent to the national exchequer (Rs98 billion), transfers modern technology; provides means of mobility for goods and people besides enabling other associated industries to run. In a step to strengthen local auto vendors, he mentioned, IMC alone purchases Rs90 million worth of auto parts every working day which means addition of Rs24 billion to Pakistan’s economy per year and provides employment to over 200,000 local skilled workers at vending industry. CEO IMC urged the government to focus on polices which encourage more investments in country and create more jobs for increasing population of Pakistan. He said that providing employment opportunities to the masses should be the top priority of the industry and policy makers to ensure equitable growth and social justice.
He said that India has progressed from a closed economy to a deregulated one and its policies have attracted global players to invest in India if they want access to Indian markets which created job opportunities for millions of people. Moreover, India is protecting its local industry by placing non-tariff barriers on imports. While describing the challenges in the growth of the auto sector, Parvez Ghias said, consistent policy framework should be in place along with good governance as it impacts our currency. Better road infrastructure, cheaper fuels, technology infrastructure and high quality graduates are needed to give a boost to the industry, he added. He commended Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA) and Pakistan Association of Automotive Parts Accessories Manufacturers (PAAPAM) for their contributions in bringing the local auto industry to a great height where the industry is helping the people with employment enriching their lives. CEO IMC especially thanked PAAPAM for providing the opportunity to IMC to be the principal sponsor for PAPS. “IMC hopes the exhibition has served the purpose, in conveying the valuable role that the industry is playing in the industrial growth and development of Pakistan,” he concluded.
He said that the exhibition has given both public and policy makers a chance to closely look at the development made by the engineering sector and that the adverse policies like relaxation in Used Cars Import and recommendations of Gary Pursal etc are impediments to the growth of this sector. He said the advancement made by this sector were mainly due to consistent policies which enabled the industry to plan, enhance and invest as per the potentials but sudden shift in policies during last few years has not only stopped the industry from planning further enhancement but have actually ro ll ed b ack many e ngi nee ri ng advancements made in last 15 years.
IMC posts record sales of 13,000 cars in Q1 Indus Motor Company (IMC) has posted record sales in the Q1 of 2011 with 13,000 cars against 12,160 cars in the corresponding period of 2010, the CEO of IMC, Parvez Ghias told newsmen here on Monday. Indus Motor is the sole distributor of bothToyota and Daihatsu Brands cars. Sharing the IMC performance statistics with media, Ghias said, IMC gave the business volume of Rs 22 billion to 60 local vendors on purchases in the fiscal year 2010-11 procuring parts and assemblies for its various models at the rate of Rs 90 million per day. IMC produced 50,759 units in 2010-11 with the production rate of 210 units per day. IMC produced 50,759 units in 2010-11 with the production rate of 210 units per day. While IMC employs 2,187 local people and has dealership network of 34 dealers across the country..
M on thly A uto m ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 35
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Automotive Sector - Exclusive Article
by Haider Nawab
WEAR
In the automobiles WEAR remained a challenging evil for designers, lubrication engineers and Material engineers (Material scientists). Although wear cannot be eliminated but to great extent it could be controlled for extended life of precious assemblies or components Do you know what start happening when engine starts (not car) the moment engine is started wearing of engine parts is simultaneously started. When vehicle starts moving hundreds of parts start wearing. Question is, what is this “WEARING” or “WEAR” ? In simple words when two metallic or non metallic surfaces of materials interfere each other during motion the wear phenomenon is bound to occur. This continuous wear or erosion of material changes the dimensions, strength and weight of the materials. In the automobiles WEAR remained a challenging evil for designers, lubrication engineers and Material engineers (Material scientists). Although wear cannot be eliminated but to great extent it could be controlled for extended life of precious assemblies or components. In case of metal to metal contact temperature and lubricants play vital role to increase or decrease rate of wear. Other types of wear such as abrasive wear, fretting wear or surface fatigue are also linked with the physical contacts of materials in motion (stationary conditions & decomposition are not under consideration here). If normal standardized working temperature of engine is regularly maintained and recommended (specified) lubricants are used at recommended intervals with genuine parts vehicle’s overall life could be enhanced. Abnormal wear between metallic & non metallic contacts such as brake shoes & brake drum, clutch plate, pressure plate and fly wheel or between two non – metallic surfaces such as tires & roads could be controlled by good driving skills and on time necessary technical adjustment of parts.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ( FAQs )
Question: What is the message for vehicle owners in this subject? Answer: To create awareness about the losses continuously consuming money of vehicle owner.Normal wear may be included in operational cost but abnormal wear is a net loss which must be controlled. Question: How to control abnormal wear to save from cost penalties? Answer: There are different conditions / situations happening every where which cannot be completely described but some important conditions / situations for the control of abnormal wear (OEM ASSEMBLIES) are here under: - Never operate engine above normal temperature. - Always use genuine parts and materials. - Strictly follow periodic maintenance (Normal or Severe as the conditions may be). - Always use genuine and specified lubricants. - Vehicle must be driven by patient & skilled person. - After four or more hours parking give 2/3 minutes for engine warm up. - Never accelerate during warm up. - During initial 5000 k.m (new
vehicle) drive under manufacturer’ s instructions. - Shift gear as recommended. - Avoid rainy, jam, panic cyclone or Mr. Haider Nawab overloading conditions. - Avoid towing of other vehicle. - Avoid broken, bumpy and rough roads strictly follow seasonal operating instructions. Question: Can we measure wear? Answer: Yes of course wear is measurable with the help of precision measuring instruments such as Micrometer, Vernier caliper, Depth gauge and feeler gauge, etc. Question:What are possible causes of wear and increased wear rate? Answer: Following are the causes of wear and increased wear rate: -Friction -Less Lubrication (oil starvation) -Low or high operating temperature -Incorrect Torque of fasteners (Consult repair manuals) -Terrain (up hills, down hills) -Surface conditions (Sandy, Marshy, Oily, Shingles ways) -Usage (Frequency) -Usage (Style) -Driving (Style) -Driving (Skills) -Wheel Alignment (incorrect) -Load Factor -Under specifications parts -Non-Genuine parts
Question: Can we run automobile at zero wear rate ? Answer: No
M onthly Au tom ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 36
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Automotive Sector - Article
by Mohammad Danish
HOW THE ENGINE PRODUCES DRIVING POWER
All parts of the engine (which are covered in detail below) exist in order to make possible the process shown here, the internal combustion of gasoline in order to produce useful power at the car’s wheels. Heat energy produced by burning gasoline is converted into mechanical power by the pistons, connecting rods and crankshaft of the engine. This is accomplished by what is known as the Four Stroke Cycle which is described below. Every movement of the piston up or down inside its cylinder is called a stroke. Because of the connecting rod, every two strokes of a piston cause the crankshaft to rotate 360 degrees. Here are the four strokes that make the engine run.
cylinder by expanding gases.
4.Exhaust Stroke:
The exhaust valve opens, the piston rises once more, and the burnt gases are forced out of the cylinder and into the exhaust port. Of the four strokes, only third one delivers any power. The other three strokes all absorb power, as the pistons and valves essentially act like a pump, moving and compressing gases. For every piston that is delivering power, three more are absorbing some of it for their pumping strokes. More power is absorbed by the friction in the engine and transmission, and more still to drive various internal engine parts and external accessories, such as the Alternator, AC Compressor and Power Steering pump. Whatever power left 1.Intake Stroke: after all these losses actually propels the The intake valve opens, the piston car. Luckily, the gasoline is an descends in its cylinder, and the air fuel immensely powerful substance and one mixture is drawn in. cupful contains the same energy as a sticks of Dynamite. 2.Compression Stroke: dozen The difference between the volume The intake valve closes, the piston rises inside a cylinder when the piston is at and the air fuel mixture is compressed the bottom of its stroke and when it is at the top of the cylinder near spark at the top of its stroke is called the plug. compression ratio. The more the air3.Power Stroke: fuel mixture can be compressed, the When the piston is near the top of higher the horse power and fuel cylinder, the spark plug fires the mixture economy of an engine. However, higher and the piston is forced back down the compression ratios can cause excessive co mbust i on temperature peaks that, in turn, produce Intake Stroke an air Power Stroke pollutant c a l l e d Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), a major cause of smog. T h e compressed mixture, when Exhaust Stroke Commression Stroke ig nite d by sp a rk p l ug
should burn rapidly but smoothly across the top of the piston. It does not explode instantaneously. If the octane rating of gasoline being used is too low, some of the mixture away from the spark plug may ignite spontaneously when compressed. This causes a condition commonly known as Knocking or Pinging. Diesel fuel is ignited by compression alone in engines that use no spark plugs but have compression ratios of more than 20:1.
Valve Overlap:
In theory, the valves open or close when the piston is at the exact top or bottom of its stroke. In practice, there is a slight overlap period during which both valves are open at once. The momentum of the moving gases allows the air fuel mixture to enter the cylinder and the exhaust gases to exit at the same time, despite the slight up and down motion of the piston at that instant. On some engines, the exhaust valve is allowed to open so long that some exhaust gases are drawn back into the cylinder. They lower the combustion temperature peaks and reduce NOx formation.
Cylinder Firing Order:
The throws on the crankshaft are arranged so that the pistons do not all move up and down at the same time. This allows the power strokes of the pistons to occur at even intervals in most engines, which tends to minimize vibration. In a four cylinder engine, the cylinders are numbered from front to back. If the spark plug fires in numerical order- 1,2,3,4- the engine would be out of balance and would vibrate excessively. Vibration is reduced by a firing order of 1-3-4-2 or 1-2-4-3. In-line 6 cylinder engine usually have a firing order of 15-3-6-2-4.... contact to writer: email: techniciandanish2010@live.com
w w w.auto m ark.pk | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 37
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Automotive Sector - Update
Article By Omar Rashdi, Associate Engineer
Toyota Technical Education Program for Paint shop Training and effects, and has greater luster, shine, depth, and weather resistance than any other type of paint.
ICI Refinish Training Center
Toyota technical education program of Indus Motor Company Limited has been providing students training for Paint shop for 2 years. This year they are training their second batch, students were taken from St. Patrick’s Technical Institute. This is the new training which Toyota started last year for students in order to put educated workers in their workshops. It’s a very interesting training for students because no one ever trained the students like this before. It’s a new awareness among students by which they could get known and interested in this field. This has been making possible through ICI Refinish Training Center which is located near Indus Motor Company Limited. Auto paint is not a small field, when a person see car, the first thing he/she look for is paint. Auto paint is the most complex paint made. Its purpose is to enhance and protect the beauty of the auto body design. It also comes in 10,000 colors
ICI Refinish Training Center is a proper training center which is only build to train the workers for paint shop. They are giving training for many years. It is build on very large area, has different sections for training and classes. It also has office, lounge, dinning and garden. Half of build area has office, class, resting and dinning. Remaining of half area is totally based on training areas which includes Paint booth, Parking, Sanding area, Paint mixing room and store. Training area also has proper ventilation system. It also has all required equipments and machines with safety precautions. Mr. S. M. Rashid is the head of this training center who gives the impression of being responsible to train the students with his well experience.
Training Opportunities
This is very new training for students because we have many dealers who have been giving training for technician but we see paint shop trainers rarely who take students from college in order to train them. It is a new diversion of students while studying, with new interest and experience. For students
who are interested in it, Toyota TEP is the best option. They get started to train students while their last year classes of D.A.E. till their resul t has been came. So the time can be utilized easily. Toyota and ICI will also give certificate of Paint shop training which will give a good impression in our career experience.
Job Opportunities
This is a new approach of paint shop training so there will have some new opportunities for sure. Dealers ask for the person who is well educated by well named trainer instead of normal worker, this is because you may trained well in less years if you are an educated person and a person who is working for decades but not educated, could be failed easily by future technologies. Beside it Toyota Indus Motor gives OJT (on job training) for the selected students who get experience and work there after taking into service interview and will make their training easy by the help of well trainers.
Quotation:
Change is the law of life. And those who look only to the past or present are certain to miss the future. - John F. Kennedy
M on thly A uto m ark | N ovem ber-2011 | Page 38
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Car / Light Vehicle Price List
Model Model
SUZUKI
MEHRAN VX 800cc MEHRAN VX (CNG) 800cc MEHRAN VXR MEHRAN VXR (CNG) ALTO VXR ALTO VXR (CNG) SUZUKI SWIFT 1.3L DLX SUZUKI SWIFT 1.3L DX STD CULTUS Efi VXRI CULTUS Efi VXRI (CNG) LIANA 1.3L RXI MT PETROL LIANA 1.3L RXI MT (CNG) RAVI PICKUP ST308R VX RAVI PICKUP ST308R VX CNG BOLAN VAN VX Petrol BOLAN VAN VX CNG BOLAN VAN VXR PETROL BOLAN VAN VXR CNG SUZUKI VAN CARGO APV 1.5L JL SX MT (CBU) APV 1.5L JL DX MT (CBU) JIMNY JLX SX CBU (SN) JIMNY JLX DX CBU (SN)
CHEVROLET
M odel CHEVROLET JOY CNG CHEVROLET JOY Petrol
Price Price Rs. 495,000 Rs. 556,000 Rs. 547,000 Rs. 605,000 Rs. 707,000 Rs. 771,000 Rs. 1,131,000 Rs. 1,031,000 Rs. 905,000 Rs. 965,000 Rs. 1,232,000 Rs. 1,301,000 Rs. 522,000 Rs. 586,000 Rs. 574,000 Rs. 640,000 Rs. 633,000 Rs. 701,000 Rs. 550,000 Rs. 1,909,000 Rs. 1,984,000 Rs. 1,924,000 Rs. 2,073,000
Price Rs. 569,000 Rs. 539,000
KarakoramMotors
Model Chery Standard Petrol Chery Standard CNG Chery Deluxe Petrol Chery Deluxe CNG Gonow Victor Gonow Troy Standard Gonow Troy Deluxe Gilgit (Double Cabin) Pet. Gilgit (Double Cabin) CNG Kaghan XL Petrol Kaghan XL CNG
Price Rs. 7,20,000 Rs. 7,70,000 Rs. 7,70,000 Rs. 8,20,000 Rs. 1,499,000 Rs. 9,99,000 Rs. 1,049,000 Rs. 3,85,000 Rs. 4,20,000 Rs. 1,285,000 Rs. 1,375,000
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HONDA
Honda Honda Honda Honda Honda Honda Honda Honda
Model Price CRV Automatic 2400cc Japan Accord Automatic 2400cc Japan City Manual 1300cc HYUNDAI City Automatic 1300cc Civic VTI Manual 1800cc Civic VTI Manual SR (Oriel) Civic VTI Prosmatec 1800cc Civic VTI Prosmatec SR (Oriel)
Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.
Price 5,599,000 6,317,000 1,399,000 1,540,000 1,758,000 1,950,000 1,878,000 2,028,000
TOYOTA COROLLA
Model Model XLI 1.3 VVT-i M/T 1299cc Petrol GLI 1.3 VVT-i M/T 1299cc Petrol GLI 1.6 VVT-i A/T 1599cc Petrol XLI 1.6 VVT-i 1299cc ECOTEC GLI 1.6 VVT-i 1299cc ECOTEC 2.OD STD 2000cc 2.OD SALOON MT 2.OD SAL SUNROOF ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i MT ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i MT SUNROOF ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i AT Cruisetronic ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i AT SUNROOF Model
Hilux Pickup 4x sc
Brand New Toyota Hilux Pickup, 4x2, Single Cabin, (Local Assembled) Standard Model
Model
Model CUORE CX CX ECO (CNG) CX ECOMATIC
Price Price 1,424,000 1,554,000 1,719,000 1,549,000 1,679,000 1,524,000 1,809,000 1,914,000 1,759,000 1,849,000 1,849,000 1,939,000
Price
Rs. 1,509,000
Hilux Pickup 4x4 D/C
Toyota HILUX 2494cc, Diesel Turbo Charger Common Rail Engine, 4x4 Double Cabin - Standard Model
DAIHATSU
Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.
Price
Rs. 2,389,000
LAND ROVER
Price Model Price DEFENDER Rs. 8,09,000 STATION WAGON 90 Rs. 3,560,000 Rs. 8,59,000 STATION WAGON 110 Rs. 3,960,000 Rs. 9,20,000 Soft Top 90 Rs. 3,336,000
Price updated October- 2011
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Name: ____________________________ Job Title: _____________________________ Company: _______________________________________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________
Sig.,&Co. Stamp: ___________________________________
City: ________________________ Post Code: ________________________________________ Phone: ______________________ E-mail: Fax: ________________________ Mobile No: _____________________ Date: _____________ HARD COPY
SOFT COPY
October 2011
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Automotive Sector - Update
A Green Partnership for the future
The latest SKF bearings will be used on the Tesla Roadster sports car, from the leading designer and manufacturer of all-electric zero-emission cars. The Roadster is a stylish two-seater electric car capable of 0 to 60 in 3.9 second. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency’s certified laboratory, the innovative vehicle has a range of 244 miles in combined city and motorway driving, while powering the vehicle powering the vehicle costs the equivalent of around just 4 euro per charge. The project reflects our commitment to sustainable technologies that provide an alternative to the internal combustion engine and reduce our dependence on fossil fuel. We have a long history of working with car manufacturers to boost vehicle performance, and have developed a new range of low energy bearings that display considerable reduced friction levels. With more than 100 people now owning one of the Roadsters, and approximately 1200 having placed orders, Telsa is well placed to increase production levels with our support.
M o nthly A utom ark | N o vem ber-2011 | Page 41
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Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article
by Muhammad Yakoob Gaziani
The Alternate Solution Part III
A lot of thing has been discussed and p r ov i d e i n fo rma t i on on So l ar Technology. In this particular article we would provide you the aspects of other components which are the integral part of the complete Home Solar System solution.
The Home Solar System comprises as follows:
1. Solar PV / Thin Film Panels 2. Charge controller / Regulator Solar PV / thin film Panels 3. DC / AC Inverter 4. Batteries 1.Solar PV / Thin Film Panels Solar PV / Thin Film Panels has been covered in detail in our last two articles of Alternate Energy Solution in Automark Magazine in September & October 2011 respectively. 2. Charge controller or Regulator for Solar Panels: A charge controller is a regulator that goes between the solar panels and the batteries. Regulators for solar systems are designed to keep the batteries charged at peak without overcharging. Meters for Amps (from the panels) and battery Volts are optional with most types. The charge controller regulates the solar PV 16 to 20 volts output of the panel down to what the battery needs at the time. This voltage will vary from about 10.5 to 14.6, depending on the state of charge of the battery, the type of battery, in what mode the controller is in, and temperature. Since the brighter the sunlight, the more voltage the solar cells produce, the
excessive voltage could damage the batteries. A charge controller is used to maintain the proper charging voltage on the batteries. As the input voltage from the solar array, the charge controller regulates the charge to the batteries preventing any over charging. Testing charge controllers: Nearly all charge controllers REQUIRE that they be hooked up to a battery in order to operate. You cannot hook up a solar panel to the input and use the LOAD or OUTPUT with no battery connected. Also, if you try to measure the volts or amps on those terminals with no battery, you will not get a valid reading. Charge controls come in all shapes, sizes, features, and price ranges. They range from the small 4.5 amp Control, up to the 60 to 80 amp MPPT programmable controllers with computer interface. Often, if currents over 60 amps are required, two or more 40 to 80 amp units are wired in parallel. The most common controls used for all battery based systems are in the 4 to 60 amp range. 3. I NVERTERS FOR SOLAR HOME SYSTEM Solar output panel are DC volts and Charge Controller / Regulators are also DC volts output, there are specific load equipment used in our home nowadays are LED lights which works on DC directly and there are computer and other equipment also works on DC. But, unless you plan on using battery DC power for everything, you will need a Power Inverter (DC to AC). Since the majority of modern conveniences all run on 220 volts AC, the Power Inverter will be the heart of your Solar Energy System. It not only converts the low
voltage DC to the 220 volts AC that runs most appliances, but also can charge the batteries, if connected to the utility grid.
The Square wave power inverters: This is the least expensive and least desirable type. The square wave it produces is inefficient and is hard on many types of equipment. These inverters are usually fairly inexpensive, 500 watts or less, and use an automotive cigarette lighter plug-in. don’t even consider one of these types of power inverters for a home system. Modifie d Sine Wa ve Powe r Inverters: This is probably the most popular and economical type of power inverter. It produces an AC waveform somewhere between a square wave and a pure sine wave. Modified Sine Wave inverters, sometimes called Quasi-Sine Wave inverters are not real expensive and work well in all but the most demanding applications and even most computers work well with a Modified Sine Wave inverter. However, there are exceptions. Some appliances that use motor speed controls or that use timers may not work quite right with a Modified Sine Wave inverter. And since more and more consumer products are using speed controls & timers, I would only recommend this type of inverter for smaller installations such as a camping cabin. True Sine Wave Power Inverters: A True Sine Wave power inverter
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Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article
produces the closest to a pure sine wave of all power inverters and in many cases produces cleaner power than the utility company itself. It will run practically any type of AC equipment and is also the most expensive. Many True Sine Wave power inverters are computer controlled and will automatically turn on and off as AC loads ask for service. I believe they are well worth the extra cost. I use a True Sine Wave power inverter myself and find that its automatic capabilities make it seem more like Utility Company power. You just flick on a light switch (or whatever) and it works. When you turn off the light or the refrigerator kicks off for example, the power inverter shuts down to save battery power. While the Modified Sine Wave inverter (sometimes called a Quasi Sine Wave inverter) is nearly half the price of a True Sine Wave inverter, I would still recommend using a True Sine Wave inverter if you want to supply automatic power to a normal home using a wide variety of electrical devices. Also, most appliances run more efficiently and use less power with a True Sine Wave inverter as opposed to a Modified Sine Wave power inverter. The main consideration when deciding on the input voltage (from your battery bank) of your Inverter is the distance between your solar panel array and your battery bank. The higher the voltage, the lower the current and the smaller the (expensive) cables need to be. Of course, when you decide on a system voltage, the Solar Panels, Inverter, and Battery Bank all need to use the same voltage. The Power Inverter is connected directly to the batteries and the main AC breaker
panel to supply power from the batteries to the loads (appliances). The Power Inverter converts the low voltages DC to 220 volts AC. Power Inverters are available for use on 12, 24, or 48 volt battery bank configurations.
In systems that are continually connected to some type charging source, whether it is solar, wind, or an AC powered charger this is seldom a problem. However, one of the biggest killers of batteries is sitting stored in a partly discharged state for a few months. Most Power Inverters can also charge the batteries if connected to the AC line. Alternatively, the AC line input could be your own AC Generator in the case of a stand-alone solar power system. When using a AC Generator to charge the batteries, the Power Inverter transfers the AC Generator power to the loads via a relay. This way the AC Generator not only charges the batteries but also supplies your AC power while it is running. If your Generator is at least 5000 watts, you can charge your batteries and have extra AC power at the same time.
4. Batteries:
A battery, in concept, can be any device that stores energy for later use. Common use of the word, "battery" in electrical terms, is limited to an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy into electricity, by a galvanic cell. A galvanic cell is a fairly simple device consisting of two electrodes of different
metals or metal compounds (an anode and a cathode) and an electrolyte (usually acid, but some are alkaline) solution. A "Battery" is two or more of those cells in series, although many types of single cells are usually referred to as batteries - such as flashlight batteries. As noted above, a battery is an electrical storage device. Batteries do not make electricity; they store it, just as a water tank stores water for future use. As chemicals in the battery change, electrical energy is stored or released. In rechargeable batteries this process can be repeated many times. Batteries are not 100% efficient - some energy is lost as heat and chemical reactions when charging and discharging. If you use 1000 watts from a battery, it might take 1050 or 1250 watts or more to fully recharge it.
Practically all batteries used in PV and all but the smallest backup systems are Lead-Acid type batteries. Even after over a century of use, they still offer the best price to power ratio. A few systems use NiCad, but we do not recommend them except in cases where extremely cold temperatures -25’C or less are common. They are expensive to buy, and very expensive
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Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article
to dispose of due the hazardous nature of Cadmium.
An important fact is that ALL of the batteries commonly used in deep cycle applications are Lead-Acid. This includes the standard flooded (wet) batteries, gelled, and AGM. They all use the same chemistry, although the actual construction of the plates etc varies. The lifespan of a deep cycle battery will vary considerably with how it is used, how it is maintained and charged, temperature, and other factors. Nearly all large rechargeable batteries in common use are Lead-Acid type. The acid is typically 30% Sulfuric acid and 70% water at full charge. What you save on batteries you will have to make up for by buying a larger solar panel system. Sealed batteries are made with vents that (usually) cannot be removed. The so-called Maintenance Free batteries are also sealed, but are not usually leak proof. Sealed batteries are not totally sealed, as they must allow gas to vent during charging. If overcharged too many times, some of these batteries can lose enough water that they will die before their time. Battery capacity (how many amp-hours it can hold) is reduced as temperature go es d o wn , an d i n cr eas ed a s temperature goes up. This is why your battery dies on a cold winter morning, even though it worked fine the previous afternoon. If your batteries spend part of the year shivering in the cold, the reduced capacity has to be taken into account when sizing the system batteries. The standard rating for batteries is at room temperature - 25 degrees C (about 77 F). At approximately -22 degrees F (-27 C), battery AH capacity drops to 50%. At freezing, capacity is reduced by 20%. Capacity is
increased at higher temperatures - at 122 degrees F, battery capacity would be about 12% higher
Battery charging voltage also changes with temperature. Normally battery charging at 2.27Volts per cell, each batteries has 6 cells, It will vary from about 2.74 volts per cell (16.4 volts) at -40 C to 2.3 volts per cell (13.8 volts) at 25’ C. This is why you should have temperature compensation on your charger or charge control if your batteries are outside and/or subject to wide temperature variations. Some charge controls have temperature compensation built in.
A battery "cycle" is one complete discharge and recharge cycle. It is usually considered to be discharging from 100% to 20%, and then back to 100%. However, there are often ratings for other depth of discharge cycles; the most common ones are 10%, 20%, and 50%. You have to be careful when looking at ratings that list how many cycles a battery is rated for unless it also states how far down it is being discharged Battery life is directly related to how deep the battery is cycled each time. If a battery is discharged to 50% every day, it will last about twice as long as if it is cycled to 80%. If cycled only 10%, it will last about 5 times as long as one cycled to 50% All Lead-Acid batteries supply about 2.14 volts per cell (12.6 to 12.8 for a 12 volt battery) when fully charged. Batteries that are stored for long periods will eventually lose all their charge. This "leakage" or self discharge varies considerably with battery type, age, & temperature. It can range from about 1% to 15% per month.
In systems that are continually connected to some type charging source, whether it is solar, wind, or an AC powered charger this is seldom a problem. However, one of the biggest killers of batteries is sitting stored in a partly discharged state for a few months. A "float" charge should be maintained on the batteries even if they are not used (or, especially if they are not used). Even most "dry charged" batteries (those sold without electrolyte so they can be shipped more easily, with acid added later) will deteriorate over time. Max storage life on those is about 2-3 years. All deep cycle batteries are rated in amphours. An amp-hour is one amp for one hour, or 10 amps for 1/10 of an hour and so forth. It is amps x hours. If you have something that pulls 20 amps, and you use it for 20 minutes. The generally accepted AH rating time period for batteries used in solar electric and backup power systems (and for nearly all deep cycle batteries) is the "20 hour rate"
The 6-hour rate is often used for industrial batteries, as that is a typical daily duty cycle. Sometimes the 100 hour rate is given just to make the battery look better than it really is, but it is also useful for figuring battery capacity for long-term backup amphour requirements.
As batteries age, their maintenance requirements change. This means longer charging time and/or higher finish rate (higher amperage at the end of the charge). Usually older batteries need to be watered more often. And, their capacity decreases.
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Automotive Sector - Exclusive Article
by Hafeez Ur Rehman from PAF KIET
Analysis of Lear and Agile Supply chain A Comparative study on Automobile industry of Pakistan
This is the age of survival of fittest and only those persons and organizations will remain survive that are strive to change for improvement. Concept of Lean manufacturing starts about 1 century ago that was gradually improve by different peoples and organizations. Toyota and Ford play important role for the growth of Lean manufacturing concepts in all over the world. Concepts such as JIT, Kanban, Jadoka, FIFO etc are some tools that spread to all manufacturing industries in the world. This concept focus on minimize waste, economic batch quantity, less time and skill with balance job at each process. This concept helps for mapping the value stream from raw materials to the customer, then making that value flow at the pull of the customer whilst working towards perfection. According to different researches an average Improvement that is possible after implement of Lean supply chain is: PRODUCTIVITY +25%, SCRAP -26%, SPACE -33%, DELIVERY +26%, STOCK TURNS +33% Then In start 1990; s concept of volatile consumer demand came in all big Manufacturing and service industries. Agile manufacturing concept introduce by Hiebelar, in 1998. This concept focuses on products with short life cycle, High profit margin and variety of
products. Initially this was made for fashion products but with in 01 decade it came into process industries inventory management due to lesser react time for arrangement of parts. In 1995 Goldman suggest that Agility has 04 fundamental mechanism 01-Deliver values to the customer 02-Be ready for change 03- value human knowledge 04 skills from essential partnerships. Automobile industry of Pakistan has also different organizations that follow these supply chain concept totally or partly. Indus Motor has standard operation management known as Toyota Production System that is similar to Le a n ma n u fa c t u r i n g c o n c e p t . Standardization of every process seems good and favorable for high product demand but for continuous growth in customer oriented market it is essential to fulfill all volatile demands also. For this claim Indus Motor have option to introduce new versions in same brand or may start process for fulfillment of optional items assembly at Final line. 01 concept that may support to Indus Motor is Postponement strategy of agile supply chain for volatile demand fulfillment with less time. Production plan can also make on demand driven forecast and would have capacity to change at different levels. Dewan Farooque motors also focus on Lean manufacturing concepts for regular production of Santro and Shehzore. For irregular order like fleet sales, organization have capacity to fulfill these orders as p e r c us t o m e r demand on same Shehzore line. Th is work ing refers to in house local parts and process change at different levels. When such activities start
simultaneously i n v e n t o r y mana gement is difficult to manage both concepts at same line. This may handle like Hewlett Packard (HP) is doing globally by Hafeez Ur Rehman PAF KIET using Leagile (mix of both) concept. This can be achieve when organization distinguish both orders separately at line side but treat as separate lot of production. DaewooPak Motors, manufacturer of Daewoo Busses in Pakistan is following Leagile supply chain concept which refer to change as per demand but production plan makes as per standard version of products. Purely agile base concepts fulfill customer demand but inventory management with small lot size is difficult for monitoring. Organization can increase lot size up to 20 units that will help in quick order fulfillment and run process as lean manufacturing practice with increase of production process at line side and less inventory cost with economy of scale. This will help for making standard products regularly and allow to make demand d r i v e n p r o d u c t s f o r r e v e n ue maximization. Above article is based on detail research conducted on these 03 organizations and may ge t fro m und ersi gn . hre hma n_14 0@ho tm ail .com
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Lubricantion Exclusive Article
by Shahzad Tabish from NED
“Discover your Lubricant; Beyond the Brands”
Another major factor that influences the selection of the lubricant is the type of engine the vehicle has. Carburetor based engines usually have larger valve clearance so higher grade viscosity oils can easily re-circulate through them.
While driving down a smooth straight road, most of us ignore the importance of the lubricants that re circulates within our vehicle to ensure a comfortable, problem free ride for us. A lubricant itself is basically high viscosity oil, p r es e nt wi t hi n o ur e n g i ne & transmission system to minimize the frictional losses. We are usually unaware of the standards & ratings of lubricants that are available in the market. Most of us go for certain reputed brands or fancy packaging’s, ignoring the facts associated with their product. This unawareness may lead to a gradual degradation of our vehicles engine life, if a wrong choice is made; as the time pass on. This article is intended towards enhancing the knowledge of the general lubricant consumer. When we talk about lubricants, the prime property that is needed to be considered is the viscosity. Viscosity is defined as the resistance to flow or fluidity of a liquid, which is directly dependent upon the temperature. Rising temperatures tend to rapidly decrease the viscosity of any fluid. As we all know that temperatures inside the combustion
chamber are sufficiently high, so we can conclude that the viscosity of the lubricant needs to be sufficiently high enough in order to cope with the elevated temperatures, maintaining its viscosity & lubrication properties. On the other hand the climatic conditions of any environment also influence the choice of lubricant we want to make. If the climatic conditions are hot & humid, there should be no compromise whatsoever in selecting an oil which has higher viscosity rating. However when the weather changes & winter starts, the temperature of the combustion chamber does not rise as quickly as during hot climatic conditions. Lower grade viscosity oil has to be preferred in such weather as it ensures proper lubrication of all the components of engine at warm-up conditions & cruise conditions of the vehicle. Another major factor that influences the selection of the lubricant is the type of engine the vehicle has. Carburetor based engines usually have larger valve clearance so higher grade viscosity oils can easily re-circulate through them. However in modern Electronic fuel injected (EFi) engines the valve clearance is narrower in order to enhance fuel economy. In this case the highly viscous oils do not find proper passage of recirculation so the lubrication is inefficient when we consider the use of highly viscous oils
in this case. Having discussed the necessity of variable viscosities of the motor oils, now let’s turn our attention towards the viscosity ratings that are the identification mark of the lubricants we use. Society of Automotive/Aerospace Engineers (SAE) is the governing agency that specifies variable codes to variable viscosity levels of lubricants. On every brand of lubricant we can find a written amalgamation of alphabets & numbers that designate its viscosity rating. Usually we may find SAE 10W40, SAE 10W30, SAE 20W50, SAE 20W40 etc ratings assigned to the lubricating oils we purchase. Let us now decode this rating in terms of viscosity levels. The first three alphabets represent SAE. The numeric character before the symbol “W” is designated for the lower temperature viscosity performance of the lubricant. As the numeric value goes down we get a much better lubricant performance in terms of lubrication of combustion chamber & engine head at lower temperatures of engine usually encountered in cold climatic conditions or cold start conditions. The numeric figure written after “W” indicates the performance of lubricant at elevated temperatures. As this numeric figure rises the lubricant maintains its viscous behav ior at ext reme op erati ng temperatures encountered during hot climatic conditions & the stop-go urban travel. Now we can clearly see the importance of the numeric figures assigned to motor oils. For someone living in an urban & hot environment like Karachi, the most preferred oil rating has to be SAE20W50 considering the fact he doesn’t drive a car having Efi engine, as it
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Automotive Sector - Update
TDAP participation in Auto Parts Show zero
The Pakistan Auto Parts Show 2011 has become the largest showcase of P ak i st a n' s e n gi n e er i n g e xp o rt merchandise and services. The event was visited by a large number of buyers from across the world while over 128 multinational national companies displayed their products in the exhibition. Pakistan Association of Automotive Parts and Accessories Manufacturers (PAAPAM) Chairman Syed Nabeel Hashmi, on the second day of the event, said the auto parts show was a thoroughfare to the true commercial and manufacturing diversity of Pakistani companies, providing an opportunity to forge new alliances and business ventures. But unfortunately there is no contribution of the government in the organizing the mega exhibition as it is 100 percent financed by the PAAPAM itself. “We have been making efforts for the last one year to make the exhibition successful but the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP), whose sole task is to arrange such events, never bothered to support us in this regard. It will be absolutely right if it is said that government’s participation is zero in this regard,” said Hashmi disappointedly. He said that 6,000 invitations were
forwarded to the foreign counterparts companies but their thin participation implies that TDAP has no interest to attract the foreign companies or investors. He said the TDAP has never supported the auto seminar or exhibition in the country. The PAAPAM central chairman said that his association intended to take part the foreign auto exhibitions, making the arrangements for 100 members to visit there, but the Authority never provided any help in this regard. Nabeel Hashmi strongly demanded of the government to ensure adequate and exclusive export promotions for the engineering sector. “We are expecting that TDAP will support our initiatives like PAPAS 2011,” he said. In Pakistan, local industry is manufacturing motorcycles, cars, tractors, other heavy vehicles like trucks and busses and also hosts major original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) like Toyota, Honda, Suzuki and Massey Ferguson. He said that Germany, with the collaboration of its government agencies, holds the world’s largest auto exhibition every year. In this exhibition only 16 companies form Pakistan participate while from India 650 and from China over 1,800 auto firms display their products, he added. He said the PAAPM plans to arrange
such mega exhibition on annual bases and the second show will be held in Karachi next year. He claimed that this is the first exhibition in the history of Pakistan whose data base is controlled by us and the PAAPAM itself has developed software in this regard. He said that today’s overwhelming response from investors and business leaders convinces us that we are on the right path and Pakistan is a strong contender to win the confidence of companies from around the world. He said that with the steady growth in the automotive parts industry in the region PAPS 2011 plays a crucial role in the economic development of the automobile related market, both locally and internationally. The show was a perfect place to approach a potential buyer and meet existing customers, he added. The product range includes (complete built up) vehicles i.e. cars, trucks, buses, tractors, mot orcycles and auto components (in thousands) at 128 different stalls outside and inside two separate halls of the event place. Visiting different stalls, foreign representatives expressed their opinion that the show will prove a milestone for the auto industry in Pakistan....
ensures the engine protection at the extreme temperatures. For those who operate more modern vehicles running on an EFi engine have to use the SAE10W40 rating due to lesser valve clearance in EFi engines. Similarly for someone living in northern areas where the problem of colder climatic condition arises along with having the requirement to encounter steep slopes the best rating would be SAE-10W40. The replacement of car lubricant has to be conducted after the passage of 4000- 4500 km. Having talked about the car engines, now let’s turn our attention towards the mo t or b ik e e n gi n e l ubr i cat i o n. Motorbikes produced in our country have small air cooled engines. This very obviously means that the engine temperatures rise very quickly during the high speed operations of engine or during the traffic jams that are
frequently encountered. Therefore the most obvious choice for the motorbike users has to be highly viscous oil. The most appropriate rating for the motorbike oil has to be SAE-20W50. Although there are oils available from brands having SAE-10W40 rating however, this rating would suite only during colder climatic conditions & short route transportation requirements. Replacement of motorbike motor oil has to be conducted after the passage of 2000 km. Not so long ago we came to know about a product from Pakistani oil company, generator oil. There was a vigorous marketing campaign from the national oil industry about their new product. Let us now consider a few facts & decipher whether the product is capable of encountering the lubricating requirements. The generator oil comes
with a viscosity rating of SAE-10W30. As we know that the temperatures in small generators having air cooled engines rise pretty significantly during the long load shedding periods on a daily basis. As we can see the higher end viscosity rating assigned to this lubricant is fairly very low. Instead the use of motorbike oil having SAE-20W50 rating is much more preferable to be used for the generators. Concluding I hope that the information provided to the reader is worth & reflects on the proper operation of the engine i rre sp ect iv e o f t he co nd i ti o ns encountered. It is a general survey that the engines if properly maintained by the usage of proper motor oil & ensuring the replacement of lubricating oils at the right time; render very long life without requiring any major repairs. Drive safe & trouble free. Cheers!
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Expo Pakistan 2011 - Event Update
6th Expo Pakistan in Karachi from 20-23 October-2011 Expo to promote soft image: Fahim
Commerce Minister Makhdoom Amin Fahim said that the objective of holding Expo Pakistan was not only to attract foreign investment and buyers but also to promote soft image of the country. Talking to media after opening the 6th Expo Pakistan at the Karachi Expo Centre he said that the 4-day exhibition will provide opportunity to 600 foreign guests from 52 countries to have first hand information about Pakistan. Undoubtedly, he said that the main objective of any trade fair is to showcase products and services a country can offer but it equally provides opportunity to foreign visitors to see ground realities, which are some t imes wrongly portrayed. He said the expo will provide an opportunity to foreign investors to meet their local counterparts to look into joint ventures and place orders for products, which could be easily supplied from Pakist an at compet it iv e p ri ce. The minister was accompanied by Secretary Commerce Zafar Mahmood, TDAP chief executive Tariq Puri and FPCCI president Haji Ghulam Ali. Amin Fahim said even during the difficult times the country during the last fiscal year managed to make record exports at $25 billion against a target of $22 billion. He said this indicates that “our exporters are capable of facing global challenges.” Responding to a question the minister said that export target for the current fiscal will be set after getting due
a p p r o v a l fr o m t h e E c o n o m i c Coordination Committee (ECC). However, he said during the last fiscal exports registered 28 per cent growth and in first quarter of this year the growth is at 16 per cent, which is highly encouraging. Answering another question, he said
that the government was trying hard to overcome power and gas shortages and the work is in advance stage on PakIran gas pipeline and hopefully Pakistan will also get power supplies from Iran to meet short-term power shortage. The minister said that a big Indian trade delegation is soon visiting Pakistan and commerce secretaries of both the countries are also expected to meet in New Delhi in February next year. Makhdoom Amin Fahim in response to a question said undoubtedly, many foreign guests’ traveling and boarding and lodging expenses have been met by the government but it is always said that “to make money you have to spent money”. The minister agreed that foreign investors were shy to invest in Pakistan because of law and order situation. However, the Expo Pakistan would definitely change the mindset of foreign investors as they visit the country and look into the ground realities, he added. FPCCI president Senator Haji Ghulam Ali talking to media said that the government had failed to control price hike which left people in extremely difficult times. He warned that if the government did not check the prices of essential goods it might be swept under its pressure. The FPCCI president said fresh increase in power tariff was a strong indicator that the government plans to approach IMF for fresh loans.
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Corporate Achievement - Event
Fatah Motors has acquired the high standard certification of ISO 9001-2008 Fatah Group has a big and respected name in the textile sector; they stepped in the automobile sector in 1997 and started a motorcycle plant in Hyderabad which was the first of its kind in that city. They launched their first motorcycle by the name Hero RF-70 which was very low in price and very high in quality and standards, in a very short time it earned a good name and reputation in its buyers due to its high quality. Fatah Motors is making RF-70 and RF125 motorcycles made with the fourstroke CDI system with Japanese technology and approx. 6000 units are monthly produced with and delivered to the people with a low price tag and high quality. Fatah Motors has dealers all over Pakistan and showrooms in all the big cities. Fatah Motors has all modern facilities in their plants and they
have the assistance of their foreign partners. Recently Fatah Motors got another achievement in the form of a ISO 90012008 certificate for its Hero motorcycles due to its high quality and is the first such plant in Hyderabad, which is a testament to the high quality and standard s of Hero motorcycle. H e r o m o t o r c y cl e s d ue t o i t s
manufacturer warranty and post-sales services and easy supply and availability of its spare parts has made it into a symbol of respect and quality all over Pakistan. Recently Fatah Motors earned an export order, and very soon Hero motorcycles will begin exporting into foreign countries.....
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MADE MADEIN INPAKISTAN PAKISTANMOTORCYCLES MOTORCYCLES PRICE LIST LIST RETAIL PRICE
70cc Motorcycle
Sr./ Product & No. Model Name 1. Aan AI-70 2. Asia Hero AH-70 3. Bionic AS-70 4. Crown Lifan CRLF-70 5. Challenger BA-70 6. Diamond SD-70 7. Dhoom YD-70 8. Eagle DG-70 9. Ghani GI-70 10. Guangta GT-70 11. Grace CT-70 12. Hero RF-70 13. Hero RF-70 Plus 14. Habib HB-70 15. Honda CD-70 16. Hi-Speed SR-70 17. Jinan JN-70 18. Leader LD-70 19. King Hero KH-70 20. Moon Star MT-70 21. Master MD-70 22. Metro Hi-Tech MR-70 23. New Asia NA-70 Price updated Nov-2011
Retail Price Rs. 42,500/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 42,000/= Rs. 40,000/= Rs. 40,000/= Rs. 49,000/= Rs. 39,000/= Rs. 45,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 46,000/= Rs. 47,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 66,500/= Rs. 42,000/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 44,800/= Rs. 40,000/=
Sr./ No. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.
Product & Model Name Pak Hero PH-70 Raftar KM-70 Ravi Premium R1 Ravi Hamsafar-70 Road Prince RP-70 Royal Star RS-70 Royal RL-70 Racer AS-70 Safari SD-70 Sakai SK-70 Star DL-70 Sohrab JS-70 Sonica SM-70 Super Asia SA-70 Super Star SS-70 Super Power SP-70 Super Power Delux Toyo TG-70 Target TT-70 Unique UD-70 Union Star US-70 United US-70 Zxmco ZX-70
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Retail Price Rs. 42,500/= Rs. 42,000/= Rs. 47,000/= Rs. 43,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 42,500/= Rs. 41,500/= Rs. 40,000/= Rs. 39,000/= Rs. 39,900/= Rs. 41,500/= Rs. 42,400/= Rs. 39,500/= Rs. 41,500/= Rs. 40,500/= Rs. 45,000/= Rs. 41,000/= Rs. 40,000/= Rs. 42,000/= Rs. 42,000/= Rs. 40,000/= Rs. 42,000/=
MADE IN PAKISTAN MOTORCYCLES PRICE LIST
125cc Motorcycle No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Brand & Model Name Habib HB-125 Sitara ST-125 Super Star SS-125 Super Star SS-125 DLX Hero RF-125 Honda CG-125 STD Honda CG-125 DX Metro MR-125 Ravi Storm-125 Euro II
Retail Price Rs. 88,000/= Rs. 55,000/= Rs. 54,000/= Rs. 59,000/= Rs. 75,000/= Rs. 91,000/= Rs. 112,000/= Rs. 77,000/= Rs. 78,000/=
Yamaha Motorcycle Product & Sr./ Model Name No. 1. Yamaha YD100 2. Yamana Yama4 3. Yamaha YB100 Royale
Retail Price Rs. 77,600/= Rs. 73,700/= Rs. 75,200/=
100cc Motorcycle No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Brand &Model Name Ghani GI-100 Habib HB-100 Honda CD-100 Sitara ST-100 Super Star SS-100 Super Power SP-100 Unique UD-100
Retail Price Rs. 55,500/= Rs. 55,000/= Rs. 75,000/= Rs. 55,000/= Rs. 50,500/= Rs. 55,000/= Rs. 60,000/=
Suzuki Motorcycle Sr./ No. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Product & Model Name Suzuki Sprinter ECO Suzuki Sprinter STD. Suzuki GS-150 Suzuki Shogan
Retail Price Rs. 69,400/= Rs. 72,900/= Rs. 91,000/= Rs. 82,000/=
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