Comparison of Life-Cycle Maintenance and Rehabilitation Costs for Typical Pavement Systems

Reset Pavers: Address areas which are no longer level due to heave or settlement. Typical equipment needed includes PPE, a metal putty knife, paver extractor wooden or metal bedding sand screed, plate compactor and a broom. Materials required is bedding/joint sand. Scrape the sand from the joints around a single paver using a metal putty knife, pry the paver upwards using a paver extractor or 2 flat head screw drivers, remove and retain surrounding pavers necessary to complete the repair, address any base issues adding additional granular base if necessary, place and screed the new bedding sand such that when placed, the pavers will be 2 to 3 mm above the adjacent paver surface to account for compaction, compact the pavers using a small plate compactor, fill the joints with dry sand and compact again to seat the joint sand and sweep the excess sand from the repair area.

Joint Sand Replenishment: Maintains interlock between pavers. Typical equipment needed includes PPE, a broom and a small plate compactor. Materials include joint sand. Remove debris from the affected area. Place the dry joint sand on the dry pavement surface, sweep into the joints, lightly compact with a plate compactor with a rubber pad bottom to protect the pavers from damage.

Common Asphalt Concrete Maintenance and Rehabilitation Activities Rout and Seal: Addresses low to medium severity longitudinal, transverse, and meandering cracking. Typical equipment needed includes PPE, high pressure air compressor, router, broom, hot-poured rubberized asphalt melting kettle and applicator. Materials include rubberized asphalt sealant and fine dust or cement. Clean all loose debris from the cracked area using a high-pressure air hose or hot air lance, rout the crack to provide a uniform depth and width reservoir, place hot-poured rubberized asphalt sealant in the reservoir, “dust” to surface of the sealant to prevent “pick-up” before the crack sealant stiffens.

Spot Repair: Address small area defects such as settlements, ravelling and other low to medium severity area cracking. Typical equipment includes PPE, masonry saw, broom small milling machine, truck or trailer to remove debris and deliver asphalt concrete and a plate compactor. Materials include asphalt concrete and granular base. Cut out or mill and remove some or all of the asphalt concrete, place additional granular base, if necessary, compact and place asphalt concrete and compact to ensure a uniform and continuous surface.

Full-Depth Base Repair: Addressed more severe small area deflects such as moderate to high severity settlements, heaving or fatigue cracking. Typical equipment includes PPE, broom, masonry saw, small milling machine, truck or trailer to remove debris and deliver asphalt concrete, granular base and subbase (if necessary), appropriate compactor(s), router, hotpoured rubberized asphalt melting kettle and applicator and fine dust or cement. Materials include asphalt concrete, granular base/subbase and rubberized asphalt sealant. Saw-cut and remove the asphalt, base, subbase and portion of the subgrade as necessary to address the -7-