RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System

IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 09 | March 2017 ISSN (online): 2349-784X

RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System Mr. Celso Furtado UG Student Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Don Bosco College of Engineering, Fatorda-Goa

Mr. Jeshley Rebello UG Student Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Don Bosco College of Engineering, Fatorda-Goa

Abstract This paper based on automated system for ticketing in the Metro Train System which is based on unique passenger identification.

This is a user friendly system, which will automatically identify the passenger and deduct the passenger’s fare according to the distance travelled. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) card and rfid reader are used to make the identification of passenger and transaction very precise. System thus reduces human errors and efforts. This project is a complete metro train simulator that will be installed in a metro train. The RF Card technology is used that is it has a unique id for every tag. Every person is allotted a RF card with the fixed balance in it. The metro train will keep on passing between the stations and as it stops at the station the person has to swipe its RF card to make an exit. According to distance travelled by the passenger the ticket is deducted from its balance, as the person has to show the RF card while entering and leaving the train station. The MCU is used to perform the above task along with the display unit and RF ID reader. A stepper motor is used to show the door opening and closing on swiping the RF card.

Keywords: Buzzer, Display unit (liquid display unit), RFID, RFID reader, Stepper motor, 8051 Microcontroller ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.

INTRODUCTION

The radio frequency identification has been the most widely used technology in recent years. The RFID technology is widely used in number of application. They are used for animal identification, schools, universities and museums. The RFID tags provides security and hustle free services to its users. An RFID system consist of tags, basically a microchip with an antenna and an interrogator or reader with an antenna. A fundamental system of RFID consist of two primary components i.e. the reader circuit and tag. The RFID tag and the reader circuit set up communication via waves of electromagnetic nature. The most RFID tags consist of an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating RF signal and other specialized function. It also consists of an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. The data is stored in RFID tag with response to the reader by transforming the energy of radio frequency queries from the reader and sending back the information.

A computer hosting a specific RFID application pilots the reader and its processes the data it sends.

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION This project is designed to demonstrate the RFID based ticketing system used in Metro train system. In this technology we make use of an RFID tags and an EM-18 RFID reader which is installed on the metro train .Each RFID tag has its unique identity which provide security to its user. According to the distance travelled by the passenger the ticket is deducted from the balance, as the person has to show the RF card while entering and leaving the train station. Multiple users can enter the train or leave the train simultaneously the MCU stores the data of each card user and deducts the balance at the destination station based on the distance travelled. A stepper motor is used to open and close the gate each time the card is tapped on the RFID reader. RFID cards can be used in all weather conditions and can be read at a wide range of angles. The RFID does not require visual line of site. It allows transparent automated tracking eliminating human error. New information can be overwritten on the RFID card.

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RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

III. DESIGN AND SIMULATION

Buzzer

LCD

MCU

Power supply

Isolation Circuit

Amplification Circuit

Stepper Motor Fig.1: flow diagram of RFID based metro train ticketing system

Figure 2.4 indicates the circuit for passenger counting.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

LCD VCC(5V) VCC(5V)

RFID Reader

SW1

22 uF

9

1 Vcc 2 Tx 3 GND

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

R2 10 Kohm C1 33 pF C2

18

33 pF

P00 P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07

RST P30 P31 P32 P33 P34 P35 P36 P37 XTAL1

Y2

11.0592 MHz

19

AT89C52 40 VCC

XTAL2 20 GND

MCU EA ALE

1

39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32

2 3 4

5

31

2

C3

P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17

30

PSEN 29 28 P27 27 P26 26 P25 25 P24 24 P23 23 P22 22 P21 21 P20

LS1 BUZZER

MOTOR B

6

Enable 1 Input 1 Output1 GND

GND

Output 2 7 Input 2 8 Vs

1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

L293D

VCC(5V)

Vss Input 4 Output 4 GND

GND Output 3

16 15 14 13

12 11

Input 3 10 9 Enable 2

VCC(12V)

VCC(5V)

Fig. 2: circuit diagram of RFID based metro train ticketing system.

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RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

IV. THE HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION In RFID based metro train ticketing system we use AT89C52 microcontroller which controls the operation of the lcd display, the L293D motor driver IC and RFID reader module. Supply voltage for the IC which is of 5V is given through step down transformer which converts 240V AC supply to 5V which is then passed to rectifiers.

We make use of 16*2 lcd display which indicates the station, entry and exit of the passengers, and the amount of money that will be deducted for the journey. The L293D IC controls the operation of door motor which opens and closes the door during the entry and exit of the passengers. We make use of EM-18 RFID reader module which reads the passenger tags and gives input to the microcontroller which forwards the passenger information to the display. Whenever a card is placed nearby to the reader a buzzer sound indicates successful reading of that card.

V. THE SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION We use keil compiler to programme the microcontroller AT89C52 which is from the family of 8051 microcontroller. This 40 pin microcontroller is programmed using c-assembly language. The programme runs the EM-18 RFID reader module, it also runs the 16*2 display and motor driver IC L293D. VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSION This project helps in Restricting unauthorised travelling of passengers in the metro trains. RFID card is immune to any kind damage due to weather condition. This project also helps in Cashless transaction which is the trend to be followed in the near future. No queuing is required i.e. to wait in lines for tickets before boarding a train. Passengers can get down at any stations as required, no predefined stations and money will get deducted accordingly. The system is time efficient since it helps in saving time for booking tickets. The RFID system creates a system which is capable of mass identification process, precise location data recorder and easier and faster contactless payment.

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RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

VII. CONCLUSION The paper presents a fully automated, reliable system for ticketing in metro train system. It also facilitates transparent and convenient mode of ticketing. RFID cards are more reliable as compared to paper ticketing system since the RFID tags are reusable. The RFID card can be used at any temperatures and any climatic conditions without affecting its performance. The RFID system facilitates smooth functioning of metro train system by avoiding quarrelling and corruption. The RFID system provides fare calculation for the distance travelled thereby avoiding any confusion. Besides fare deduction it provides a precise account of passengers identification which are travelling by metro train. The RFID system provide the control of the door handling which facilitates the entering and exiting of passengers. This System holds good for other transportation including transportation of school students thus ensuring safety.

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE RFID cards and GPS can be interfaced in this system to make transaction and identification very precise. Future extension of this system can be done with the help of internet of things (IOT). Raspberry Pie can be interfaced in the existing system for further extension and alterations. With more implementation, this RFID card can be made universal travel pass REFRENCES [1] [2] [3] [4]

The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems” by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.

Stephen B. Miles, Sanjay E. Sarma, John R. Williams, “RFID Technology and Applications”, Cambridge University Press; Reissue edition, April 14, 2011.

Klaus Finkenzeller, “RFID Handbook”, May 2003, Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John. http://www.rfidjournal.com

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