Venues of Milan-Cortina Winter Olympics 2026 BORMIO BORMIO(4,000) (4,000)
11Olympic OlympicVillages Villages (Milan (Milan- -1200 1200beds) beds)
Alpine AlpineSkiing Skiing CORTINA CORTINA(5,000) (5,000) Bobsleigh Bobsleigh Curling Curling Luge Luge Alpine AlpineSkiing Skiing Biathlon Biathlon Temp. Temp.Olympic OlympicVilage Vilage
LIVIGNO LIVIGNO(7,000) (7,000) Freestyle Freestyle Snowboard Snowboard Olympic OlympicVillage Village MILANO MILANO(3,1 (3,1mil.) mil.)
Bolzano BolzanoAirport Airport
Skating Skating Ice IceHockey Hockey Olympic OlympicVillage Village IBC IBC++MPC MPC OO++CC Opening OpeningCeremony Ceremony
Belluno Belluno
Sondrio Sondrio
••MILAN MILAN––CORTINA CORTINA415km 415km//5h00 5h00 ••MILAN MILAN––BORMIO BORMIO202km 202km//3h10 3h10 ••MILAN MILAN––VAL VALDI DIFIEMME FIEMME290km 290km//4h00 4h00 ••CORTINA CORTINA––BORMIO BORMIO330km 330km//5h30 5h30
Trento Trento
Malpensa MalpensaAirport Airport Milano Milano
11Olympic OlympicVillage Village (Livigno (Livigno- -??? ???beds) beds) 11Olympic OlympicVillage Village (Cortina (Cortina- -??? ???beds) beds)
Verona VeronaAirport Airport
Marco MarcoPolo PoloAirport Airport
PREDAZZO PREDAZZO(4,500) (4,500) Ski SkiJumping Jumpingand andNordic NordicCombined Combined TESERO TESERO(2,900) (2,900) Cross CrossCountry Countryand andNordic NordicCombined Combined
BASELGA BASELGADI DIPINE PINE(5,000) (5,000) Speed SpeedSkating Skating
VERONA(250,000) (250,000) VERONA ClosingCeremony Ceremony Closing
LEGEND LEGEND Host HostCities Cities Event EventCities Cities Connection Connectionbetween between the theclusters clusters
Olympic Village Timeline lake placid 1980
barcelona 1992
seoul 1988
los angeles 1984
HELSINKI 1952
BERLIN 1936
MEXICO CITY 1968
Olympic Villages: Typologies
nagano 1998
ATHENS 1906
06
19
• 13 buildings comprised ofsalt a total lake city of 1,630 bedrooms divided between 545 apartments •There were several other location that were smaller because the event sites were spread out •Woman stayed in the nursing school a km from the stadium •Turned into a residential complex to battle residential crisis in Helsinki
Estral, Berlin
sydney 2000
•The first permanent village singe-story lake placid 1980 •140 los angeles houses with between 1984 8 and 12 bedrooms •40 different dining halls •Became war barracks • 500 bungalows for as well as refugee male atheletes that BERLIN 1936 housing were 4 x 7 meters. •Became a historic •Each nation had their monument in 1993 own kitchen and dining •Women stayed in the room which caused infrastructural problems Olympic Park due to water supply • 31 dining halls •Bath houses were located throughout vancouver 2010 the Village. 2008 •Converted some of them into holiday homes or simply dismantled and sold the materials •Women stayed in a hotel downtown ATHENS 1906
03. Los Angeles, United States (O)
•The first official version of an Olympic Village •Furnished wooden huts located near the stadium that were able to house up to three people •Offered as a way to provide the same accomodation and experience to all beijing athletes if they chose to participate •Post olympics the barracks were torn down •Women stayed in a hotel nearby
24
19
04. Berlin, Germany (O)
32
19
•Totaling 365, these buildings represented 841 housing units •Housed 6,500 people •Various types of building, from individual houses to buildings with two or three floors • 600 of the houses were used for public housing • The sports facilities were taken over by Heidelberg United FC seoul 1988
2002
Olympic Villages: Typologies
Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles
02.Paris, France (O)
Quartiere Parioli, Rome
06. Melbourne, Australia (O)
05.Helsinki, Finaland (O)
•Conference and Exhibition Center named the Zappeion Hall •Living quarters in large exhibition halls •Athletes slept in cubicles that were open at the top causing a lot of echoing •The American team moved out because they couldn’t sleep and they disliked the fact that they were being served goat meat every day causing them to have an argument with the staff
munich 1972
0m
montreal 197
100m
(O) - SUMMER OLYMPICS (WO) - WINTER OLYMPICS
ucla
usc
01. Athens, Greece (O)
atlanta 1996
Käpylä, Helsinki
usc
MEXICO CITY 1968
•Housed 8,000 people 2004 •athens 33 buildings of between two and five storeys • The aim was to regenerate a run-down neighbourhood, called the Campo Parioli •Buildings have in common the characteristic of being built on reinforced concrete pillars (2,760 pillars in all) so as to leave free and easy access to the ground terraces •After the games it was converted into a munich 1972 residential area
08. Squaw Valley, United States (WO) turin 20 •Many countries protested the selection, citing Squaw Valley’s lack of development— the area had only one hotel—and its high elevation—over 6,000 feet (1,800 metres) above sea level •Accommodations 1OO m made to support were barcelona two million visitors 1992 • the United States Olympic Committee used the Village for training after the games
montrea
ucla
london 2012
sochi 2014 peyongchang 2018
52
36
19
19
lake placid 1980
HELSINKI 1952
07. Rome, Italy (O)
56
60
19
19
seoul 1988
los angeles 1984
ucla
barcelona 1992
BERLIN 1936
HELSINKI 1952
MEXICO CITY 1968 HELSINKI 1952
munich 1972 MEXICO CITY 1968
• 1807 apartments in the towers and bungalows, 23 flats •Divided into three zones: the men’s higher buildings, the women’s small bungalows, and a central area •Since 1973 the former male section is now another neighborhood, and the female area is used as student housing •Tragic massacre of athletes captured by a terroris organization
: Typologies 10.Mexico City, Mexico (O)
09. Tokyo, Japan (O)
moscow 1980 montreal 1976
Rue Sherbrooke Est, Montreal
Colonia Villa Olímpica, Mexico City
12. Insbruck, Austria (WO) • 35 residential buildings with 642 montreal 1976 apartments • 2,000 people housed • The venues built for and in connection with the Games, like the Olympic Village, the school, the pool and barcelona 1988a bridge over the Inn, helped to improve the city’s infrastructure. • Became a new residential district after the Olympic Games
seoul
montreal 1976
barcelona 1992
seoul 1988
4
8
6 19
2
6 19
7 19
13. Montreal, Canada (O)
lake placid 1980 Lake Placid
•Four 19-storey semipyramids with 980 moscow 1980 apartments • 12,000 people housed •The organizers used children’s drawings on Olympic topics to decorate rooms 1992 • As originally planned, barcelona the Village became a residential area
1992
atlanta
14. Lake Placid, United States (WO) •Planned as a correctional facility which prompted the Department of Justice to choose location ATHENS 1906 and sponsor the construction •2,000 people housed •Lake Placid was illequipped to handle the demands of a modern Games •Athletes complained about the confinement of the Olympic Village
moscow 1980
los angeles 1984 15. Moscow,
Russia (O)
•18 16-storey buildings. Apartments with two or three bedrooms • 14,000 people housed • Prefabricated sections were used to build the 1996 Village, which then sped up the constructionatlanta phase • Originally a piece of waste ground, was around 10 kilometres from the Olympic Stadium in the southwest part of the city • New residential area, which is still today known as the “Olympic Village”
•The first Winter
Olympics to be held in a 1996usc communist country •Record for the number of participants from 49 countries, with 1,272 athletes (274 women, 998 men) • 2,200 people housed •In the early months of the war, in 1992, many Olympic buildings were destroyed •Parts of the Olympic Villages were held under seige during the war
atlanta 1996
8 19
ucla seoul 1988
es 1984
usc
ucla
barcelona 1992
atlanta 1996
ucla
16. Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (WO)
84
0
6
7 19
s
1OO m
19
1OO m
usc
100m
Moscow new district
Milbertshofen-Am Hart district, Munich
ATHENS 1906
moscow 1980
(O) - SUMMER OLYMPICS (WO) - WINTER OLYMPICS
es: Typologies los
montreal 1976
0m
11. Munich, Germany (O)
•27 buildings with six or 10 floors,1968 904 HELSINKI 1952 munich 1972 MEXICO CITY apartments •10,000 people housed •Traditional dance displays were organized •543 wooden houses to entertain athletes with one or two floors, • The Village was 14 reinforced seoul 1988 angelesand 1984 transformed into a concrete buildings with residential area. Over lake placid 1980 los angeles 1984 four floors the years • 8,868 people housed •The sports centre in •The site used to the Village has become hold American army one of the biggest in personnel the southern part of • The main Village was the city. destroyed to make way HELSINKI munich 1972 MEXICO CITY 1968 for Yoyogi Park. Just 1952 one house remains in the Park ucla •The entertainment at usc ucla the village was mainly usc focused on Japanese culture
munich 1972
ELSINKI 1952
MEXICO CITY 1968
HELSINKI 1952
952
MEXICO CITY 1968
17. Los Angeles, United States (O) •The Olympics turned a profit ($225 million) for the first time since 1932 • USC housed 7,000 people, UCLA housed 3,700 people • To keep costs seoul down, the Organising Committee decided to use two university campuses for the main Olympic Villages seoul 1988 • Temporary structures were also used to create spaces to house some of the services, which were added to ucla the existing student accommodation and restaurants
ucla
usc
munich 1972
19. Barcelona, Spain (O) •1,993 apartments •14,000 people housed •Catalyst for a general urban renovation programme of the waterfront •The area had the advantage of being close to the city centre and the competition venues, as well barcelona as being close to the sea
•3,692 apartments among 86 buildings • 15,000 people housed • The apartments in the Olympic Village were refurbished before being handed over to the city of Seoul at the end of December 1988 to become housing
moscow 1980
montreal 1976
Seoul Olympic Village seoul 1988
barcelona 1992
0m
nagano 1998
moscow 1980
montreal 1976
18. Seoul, South Korea (O)
1988
moscow 1980
montreal 1976
munich 1972
MEXICO CITY 1968
sc
munich 1972
sydney 2000
Nagano Olympic Village
Olympic Villages: Typologies Olympic Villages: Typologies 21. Atlanta, United States (O)
20. Lillehammer, Norway (WO) •2,650 people housed •All the buildings were made of wood, using prefabricated components and traditional building techniques •185 of the houses were permanent •Noteworthy for 1992 their environmental conservation •144 houses were sold post-event, 50 of the barcelona 1992 temporary houses were moved to Sweden
nagano
Barcelona new district
22. Nagano, Japan (WO)
23. Syndey, Austrilia (O)
84
24. Salt Lake City, United States (WO)
•3,283 people housed • 350 apartments and •Record number of 350 modular units in •15,000 people housed 72 national Olympic •3,500 people housed 520 houses •Extravagant “country committees and more •Scandal and fears of •Environmental factors fair” theme than 2,100 athletes terrorism marked the were at the core of the •On the Georgia Tech •Residential complex 2002 Games before it project campus with 23 buildings started •15,300 people housed •For the first time, the •Re-used furniture •Created on the •The Olympic Village Games received no from previous events in University of Utah was turned into a governmental financial order to save costs campus residential area for support atlanta 1996 vancouver •2010 •Cultural activity center The University also london 20 more than 5,000 •The new student 2008 wasbeijing place to teach benefited from the people and renamed apartments built were atheletes about the renovated buildings and Newington in keeping with the culture of Japan atlanta 1996 other improvements existing architecture, •Photo center was a sydney 2000 made by the organizers 1998 salt lake city 2002 and the nagano existing halls new idea which allowed totally renovated atlantawere 1996 athletes to take photos Sydney new •The use of electronics on backdrops of their district was elevated due to the new trend happening 1998 salt lake city 2002 sydneychoice 2000 •Post-games part of the Village became public housing and the rest was auctioned off
ucla
Salt Lake City Olympic Village
Georgia Tech Village
19
100m
(O) - SUMMER OLYMPICS (WO) - WINTER OLYMPICS
8
8 19
2
9 19
4
9 19
8
6
9 19
beijing 1OO m2008
1OO mvancouver
beijing 2008 1OO m
02
0
9 19
0 20
vancouver 2010
2010
london 2012
20
london 2012
sochi 2014
so
beijing 2008
vancouver 2010
27. Beijing, China (O)
sydney 2000
sochi 2014
vancouver 2010 28. Vancouver, vancouver 2010 Canada (WO)
England (O)
peyongchang 2018 turin 2006
athens 2004
rio 2016 turin 2006
athens 2004
sochi 2014 sochi 2014 peyongchang 2018 peyongchang 2018
Sochi Olympic Village
•11 residential blocks of 63 buildings and 2,818 units •17,000 people housed •Notabile for regenration of waste land and landscape design •Organized along traditional courtyards •Residential area with excellent connections was one of the legacies •Renamed East Village and became a vibrant london 2012 district of London
Rio de Janeiro Olympic Village
31. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (O)
30. Sochi, Russia (WO)
•31 17-storey buildings, 3,604 apartments and 10,160 bedrooms •18,000 people housed • Rua Carioca walkway separated the residential zone from the Village Plaza, a place for athletes and their guests to hang out •World Health Organization suggested that athletes using the open waters avoid swallowing it •Had to be turned into luxury condos but remain 93% empty
•Construction of sochi venues and2014 other buildings ran far behind schedule, and preparations were sochi plagued 2014 by allegations of mismanagement and corruption •2,000 people housed •Most expensive winter games in history •Remains empty and abandoned as well as partly unfinished
london 2012
32. Pyeongchang, South Korea (WO) • 600 apartments with between three and five bedrooms in eight 15-storey buildings peyongchang 2018 •3,894 people housed •“Green” villages •Divided into 2 zones: residential and common peyongchang 2018 •Most of the venues remain abandoned
Peyongchang Olympic Village
Queen Elizabeth Olympic
6
0 20
8
0 20
0
1 20
turin 2006
peyongchang 2018
4
sochi 2014
2
1 20
100m
(O) - SUMMER OLYMPICS (WO) - WINTER OLYMPICS
salt lake city 2002
29. London, london 2012 london 2012
•The Village was designed to be compact, and having different architects involved resulted in a vancouver 2010 variety of styles •2,720 people housed •Built on former industrial land vancouver 2010 •Created a habitat for local fauna and flora, restored coastal land, removed pollutants from the land and water •Highlighted the culture of the First Nations •250 units were sold or turned into social housing, offices, open spaces and shops.
Athens Olympic Village
0 20
0m
london 2012
salt lake city 2002
Vancouver Olympic Village
athens 2004
beijing 2008
peyongchang 2018
sydney 2000
26. Turin, Italy (WO)
25. Athens, Greece (O)
sochi 2014
vancouver 2010
salt lake city 2002
london 2012
•366 blocks containing Turin Olympic beijing 2008 Beijing Olympic Village Village 2,292 apartments •17,000 people housed •Post-Olympic the site was to be turned nagano 1998 into social housing for 10,000 • To create variety among the hundreds of nagano 1998 buildings which made up the Village, the architects developed 19 different types of building •Plans to make •Located in the Mercati beijing 2008 additional infrastructure Generali (market) beijing 2008 and school failed •2,600 people housed •42 buildings, 3,276 resulting in closing of •Big focus on apartments and 9,993 stores sustainability bedrooms •The former Olympic •Built the 69-metre •16,000 people housed Village is today underhigh Olympic Arch over •Design of the Village occupied and has not the footbridge linking wanted to combine fully achieved the peyongchang 2018 the Olympic Village to architecture and culture objectives initially set the Lingotto area •Typical Chinese for development in the •Turned into an illegal characterstics were area ghetto after used in buildings •Big emphasis on Chinese culture by providing classes and dance lessons •The buildings and facilities in the beijing 2008 residential zone were turned into apartments rio 2016and sold in 2009 (piece mealed the area)
london 2012
ypologies
turin 2006
000
Olympic Villages: Typologies
vancouver 2010
hens 2004
4
1 20
6
1 20
18
20
rio 2016
Olympic village strategies comparison
+ BARCELONA 1992
-
+ LONDON 2012
NEW DISTRICT INTIGRATED WITHIN THE EXISTING GRID OF THE CITY ENHANCING EXISTING CHARACTERSTICS
-
TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SOLUTIONS, LATER AREA PEACEMEALED TO DIFFERENT INVESTORS FOR MORE SUCCESS
TURIN 2006
ATHENS 2004
MONOFUNCTIONALITY AND LARGE SPREAD OF THE BUILDINGS RENDERED THE SITE 1/2 VACANT
LACK OF CONNECTIVITY MADE THE SITE DIFFICULT TO INHABIT AFTER OLYMPICS
MILANO
LIVIGNO
USING OLYMPICS AS A CATALYST FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELECTED AREAS
ANALYSING CITY GRIDS, HISTORY AND CONTEXT IN ORDER TO MAKE AN INFROMED CHOICES
CONSIDERING AND CRITIQUING THE PROGRAM IN ORDER TO CREATE SUCCESSFUL POST-OLYMPIC SOLUTIONS
Permanent Housing | Porta Romana Village
FINAL PRESENTATION Thematic Studio, Politecnico di Milano | aa. 2019-20 Prof. Isabella Inti -coordinator, Prof. Riccardo Mazzoni, Prof. Irene Toselli, Carla Ferrer, Carlo Gallelli Group 2 - Porta Romana Yoana Penelova-Petrova Ilaria Pugliese Veronica Vaccari
Milan Infrastructure and Olympic Venues 1
2
2
3
3
IBC + MPC
1) Fiera Milano
2) 1)Palalido Fiera Milano Ice IBCHockey + MPC Capacity - 5,600 2) Palalido 3) San Siro Ice Hockey Opening Capacity ceremony - 5,600 Capacity - 80,000 3) San Siro 4) Palaitalia Opening ceremony Ice Hockey- 80,000 Capacity Capacity - 15,000 4) Palaitalia 5) Forum IceMediolanum Hockey
IBC + MPC
Skating Capacity - 15,000 Capacity - 12,300 5) Mediolanum Forum 6) Porta Romana Skating Olympic CapacityVillage - 12,300 Capacity - 1,300 6) Porta Romana 7) Piazza Duomo Olympic Village Medal Ceremonies Capacity - 1,300
2
3
1) Fiera Milano
7
7) Piazza Duomo Medal Ceremonies
7
7
2) Palalido Ice Hockey Capacity - 5,600 3) San Siro
Opening ceremony Capacity - 80,000 4) Palaitalia Ice Hockey Capacity - 15,000 5) Mediolanum Forum Skating Capacity - 12,300 6) Porta Romana Olympic Village Capacity - 1,300 7) Piazza Duomo Medal Ceremonies
6 6
4 6 4
4
LEGEND Olympic Venue to be built
LEGEND
Olympic Venue existing
5 5
5
LEGEND
Olympic Venue to be built Major Stations Railway line Olympic Metro lineVenue existing Highways Major Majorroads Stations Secondary roads Railway line Naviglio system Metro line Rivers Highways Small MajorCanals roads Lakes Secondary roads Agriculture fields Naviglio system Rivers Small Canals Lakes Agriculture fields
Olympic Venue to be built Olympic Venue existing Major Stations Railway line Metro line Highways Major roads Secondary roads Naviglio system Rivers Small Canals Lakes Agriculture fields
Milan Future Projects 1.037.631 mq territorial surface 676.867 mq equipped green 674.460 mq SL 30% Social Housing (social mix) 32% Non-residential (functional mix)
25.601.226 m² of existing green areas (18.54 m² / inhab.) 4,664,482 m² of new green areas planned Land consumption −4% of soil consumed
1
3 2
Existing metro lines M4 & Circle Line Neighborhood Plan New Piazza Regeneration 7 Railyards Project Sharing Cities Project
4
Connection of Navigli Existing Navigli System Existing Agricultural and Urban parks New Green Corridors
Housing in Milan Actual Situation Sale rates trend
Rental rates trend
Average annual income
3709 €
15,70 €
40000 €
3384 €
16,58 €
35000 €
2807 €
13,40 €
27500 €
16
15
17
20
20
14
18
20
20
20
Housing age
15
20
16
17
20
18
20
08
20
Number of rooms 450 k
30 k
100 k
250 k
15 k
0
0 8
91
5’
-4
‘19
0’
’-6
45
0’
’-7
61
0’
’-8
71
0’
’-9
81
0’
’-0
91
-
00
20
Credits: https://www.immobiliare.it/mercato-immobiliare/lombardia/milano/
20
20
14
20
Number of floors
187.5 k
-1
12
10
20
0 1
2
3
4
5
6+
1
2
3
4+
The problem Cost of flats is increasing but still under the EU average, the incomes are not increasing, especially for young people. 600.000 flats in Milan, 60 000 owned by the city and the 65% owned by the residents. The result is a low number of flats available to rent. People stay for their entire life in the popular housing, that cause social problem and ghettoization. That’s why social housing is needed. It’s different from popular housing because the prices are affordable for people who have a job. This guarantees social mixitÊ.
Meeting with the councilor Pierfrancesco Maran, Triennale di Milano, 10 october 2019
Housing in Milan Timeline COMUNE DI MILANO In 1905 the Milan mucipality started its activity of public housing construction.
ABITARE A MILANO
IACP With the Consolidated Law of 1908, Istituto Autonomo Case Popolari di Milano is established as a non-profit public entity.
ALER Reg. law No 13 trasformed IACP into ALER.
INA CASA National programme established in Italy after the second world war. Important occasion to experiment architectonical and urbanistic solutions.
UMANITARIA ASSOCIATIONS - 1 staircase for max. 15 person - local > 8 mq - each unit equipped with latrine - buildings max. 4 floors - distribuition that allows air circulation - common services at the ground floor
Umanitaria district II (1908-1909) / SocietĂ Umanitaria
b
b
b
MODERNISM
CONTEXTUALISM
BIG COMPLEXES
- Strong division of the interior areas - Separation between day and night environments - Surface standars allocated for rooms - Distribuition that allows air circulation, natural lighting
- Synthesis of local characteristics with the conquers of the rationalism - Internal flexibility according to changes in users' habits and evolution of the family structure - Global housing standard: global surface value according to the number of members of the family group
- Complexes located in peripheral areas close to infrastructures - Big dimensions and low quality - Comfort flat standards - New rules, as the one for the anteroom
Lorenteggio (1938-44) / IFACP Milano
k
k
k
Gallarate (2009) / Abitare a Milano I
b
k
b b
06
Bovisasca (1981) / IACP
b k
19
- Often complexes with functional mix - Typologies of flats are flexible and adapt to different users and family group situation - Standards of surface and relation of the areas are fix
b
k
b
Feltre (1957-60) / INA-case
RECENT PUBLIC/ SOCIAL HOUSING
b
b
k
k
b
b
k
k
k
k
b
45
19
68
19
96
19
26
20
Milan Public Housing DESIGNED PUBLIC CITY REALIZED BY PUBLIC/ PRIVATE OPERATORS WITH SOCIAL AIMS Operators: 8
- Società umanitaria - Società edificatrice di case operaie e lavatoi pubblici - Comune di Milano - IACP (ALER) - IFACP - INA-Casa
12
Analyzed districts: 9
6
1) Case operaie Società Umanitaria I (1905-1906) / Società Umanitaria / G. Broglio 2) Quartiere Stadera (1927) / ICP (IACP) Milano / G. Broglio 3) Quartiere Calvairate (1927-28) / ICP (IACP) Milano
7 4
4) Quartiere San Siro (1932-52) / ICP (IACP) Milano / Mazzocchi, Albini, Fabbri, ...
1
3
5) Quartiere Lorenteggio (1938-44) / IFACP Milano / Broglio, Baselli, Della Noce, ... 6) Quartiere QT8 (1946-61) / INA-case, Comune di Milano / Bottoni, ...
5
7) Quartiere Harar (1950-55) / INA-case / Bottoni, Chessa, Figini, Fornaroli, ... 11
2
8) Quartiere Vialba I (1957-60) / INA-case / E. Cerrutti, P. Lingeri 9) Quartiere Feltre (1957-60) / INA-case / G. Pollini 10) Quartiere Gratosoglio (1963-71) / IACP / BBPR
10
11) Quartiere Sant’Ambrogio I (1964-65) / IACP / A. Arrighetti 12) Quartiere Bovisasca-Cerkovo (1981) / IACP /
Milan Public Housing today PERCENTAGE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY TODAY LEGEND > 90% 70% - 90% 50% - 70% 30% - 50% 10% - 30% < 10%
Private city: around 540 000 flats Today public city: around 60 000 flats Public city in 1981: 92 383 flats Public city in 2001: 75.952 flats Public city “sold” (between 1981- 2001): around 20 000 flats Today the “public city” and the “public property” are not corresponding anymore.
“Public city”: residential projects originally designed and
realized by public operators or private ones with social aims
“Public Property”: part of this residential developments that
are today still public. This image is more partial and fragmented in respect with the more compact and unitary of the traditional one. This happened because the sales plan affected these housings in a punctual and segmented way (scale of house block). Some districts are today completely private, because of initial conditions. For example, in the case of Forlanini or Feltre, or the Ina-Casa districts, the residential development were born as “rent to buy” houses. This generated a condition of better quality still present.
Sometimes the mix inside a district between public and private houses has generated a positive social mixité, as in the case of Comasina or Quarto Cagnino, while the most problematic districts are the one still entirely public, like Gratosoglio, Ponte Lambro, part of Quarto Oggiaro and Giambellino.
Milan recent Housing Interventions ERP housing 3
7 9
7
1 2
6
8
2
1) Abitare a Milano 1/ Gallarate / 2009 / MAB Arquitectura Canone sociale: 117 - Canone moderato: 56 2) Abitare a Milano 1 / Civitavecchia / 2009 / Consalez Rossi Canone sociale: 59 - Canone convenzionato: 50 3) Abitare a Milano 1 / Senigallia / 2009 / OdA associati Canone sociale: 82 - Canone convenzionato: 24 4) Abitare Milano 1 / Ovada / 2009 / Cecchi&Lima associati Canone sociale: 96 - Canone convenzionato: 25 5) FDA - Via Missaglia Canone sociale: 224 6) Abitare a Milano 2 / Appennini / 2011 / Macchioni, Candidi Canone sociale: 108 - Canone moderato: 88 7) Abitare a Milano 3 / Rizzoli / to be completed / Canone sociale: 19 - Canone convenzionato: 59 - Patto di futura vendita: 59
Pubblic/Private Social Housing
3
6
4 1 5
10
4
5
1) Villaggio Barona / 2003 / “Fondazione Cassoni”, Comune Canone moderato: 66 2) Padova 36 / 2009 / fhs, f. Cariplo, Regione Lombardia Canone convenzionato: 36 3) Fratelli Zoia / 2011 / Cooperative “Edificatrice Ferruccio Degradi” e “Solidarnosc” Canone sociale: 18 - Canone convenzionato: 28 - Vendita convenzionata: 46 4) Pompeo Leoni / 2012 / Compagnia dell’Abitare Pompeo Leoni Canone concordato: 43 5) Giardini di via Voltri / 2012 / “Residenze Social Housing” Canone sociale: 57 - Canone moderato: 56 - Patto di futura vendita: 13 - Vendita convenzionata: 193 6) Cenni di Cambiamento / 2013 / Investire SGR, fhs, Comune / Fondo immobiliare di Lombardia (fhs e f. Cariplo) Canone sociale: 14 - Canone moderato: 42 - Canone convenzionato: 6 - Patto di futura vendita: 43 7) Bicocca Social Village / 2014 / UniAbita soc. coop, Comune Canone convenzionato: 89 - Vendita convenzionata: 76 8) Figino Borgo Sostenibile / 2015 / Investire SGR, fhs, Comune Canone sociale: 37 - Canone moderato: 105 - Canone convenzionato: 36 - Patto di futura vendita: 112 9) Cascina Merlata / 2015 / Investire SGR, fhs Canone convenzionato: 211 - Patto di futura vendita: 210 Vendita convenzionata: 268 10) Merezzate / to be completed / Investire SGR, fhs (MAB) Flats: 891
Public Housing Evolution Taxonomy Calvairate Courtyard house
Lorenteggio Rationalist house
QT8 House in the green
1927-28 / ICP (IACP) Milano
1938-44 / IFACP Milano / Broglio, Baselli, Della Noce, Morone, Natoli, Tolio
1946-61 / INA-case, Comune di Milano / Bottoni, Cerutti, Gandolfi, Morini, Pollini, Pucci, Putelli
50 m
50 m
50 m
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
The courtyard house is a typology characterized by the formal quality of the 19th century bourgeoisie buildings. This typology was at the beginning of the past century applied to some public housing complex, but it was not so common in the development of the century. In opposition with the building decorum, the living condition of the users cannot be considered satisfactory.
Lorenteggio was one of the first rationalist architecture in Milan. The typology is the one of linear housing of 4 floors separated by fenced open space of small dimension. The entire complex is characterized by economy criteria, typical of the second world war period. It represents the first experiments about the existenz minimum and the morphology that allow to benefit of air ventilation and natural light, however the lack of public services turned this district into a ghetto.
One of typologies applied in QT8 is the row houses. This typology was not common in Milanese architecture, but this experiment represents a big step forward in the quality of public housing. The single-family houses are comfortable in terms of dimensions and have the access to a private green open space. So, the relation with the open-space, and also the green public spaces in the district is central.
A B
A C B
C A B
A C B
C A D
D
A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
D
A B C D E
54 mq 44 mq 38 mq 42 mq 63 mq
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
E
A
42 mq
A
80 + 40 mq
A
A
Public Housing Evolution Taxonomy Harar Horizontal skyscraper and Insulae
Vialba I Village house
Feltre House overlooking at the square-park
1950-55 / INA-case /
1957-60 / INA-case / E. Cerrutti, P. Lingeri
1957-60 / INA-case / G. Pollini
50 m
50 m
50 m
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
This intervention represented a mix of the last two cases analysed. In fact, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s characteristic for the presence of two typologies of buildings, the horizontal skyscrapers, with a more rationalist style, and the single-family houses (Insulae), with a more rural style. The organization of the space is an evolution in respect to the rationalist morphology, and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s characterized by dynamicity. The quality of the life in the open spaces in between is very high and characterized by the presence of pedestrian paths between green and services. The rationalist buildings ground floors were characterized by permeability.
In the case of the Vialba intervention, the open space represents the structure for the built up. The typology is linear houses of three/four floor. The quality of the district appreciated by the inhabitants is the formal identity of the intervention, and also the accessibility and the privacy of the units is characteristic for the paths in the green open space.
The Feltre district is structured around a big green open space, not fenced, permeable and equipped. The linear buildings are representative of the new contextualism of the Milanese school with the conquers of the rationalism. The modern architecture style is processed with the typical characteristics of the local rural architecture, and it must be considered in the vision of the international debate on architecture of that time (CIAM). In opposition with the neorealist interventions of that time is characteristic for high density, in addition to the presence of services.
A
B
B C
B B
C B
B B
Horizontal skyscraper by Gio Ponti and Antonio Fornaroli *Insulae houses by Luigi Figini and Gino Pollini
A B C D*
115 mq 75 mq 105 mq
B B
A B
A
B
C
B
C
A
B
C
C
D
D
E
C
A B C
65 mq 65 mq 65 mq
A B C D E F G
70 mq 70 mq 70 mq 70 mq 70 mq 70 mq 70 mq
E
F
G
Public Housing Evolution Taxonomy Gratosoglio The tower-house
Santâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ambrogio I House in a big complex
Bovisasca-Cerkovo The suburban house
1963-71 / IACP / BBPR
1964-65 / IACP / A. Arrighetti
1981 / IACP
50 m
50 m
50 m
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
The district is characterized by the presence of two typologies of buildings: linear and tower buildings. The degraded exterior aspect, especially of the towers, is in contrast with the quality of the interior spaces, that are also very comfortable in terms of dimensions.
The location of the district, close the highway, is typical of the public interventions of that time. Also the structure of a big complex represents the evolution in the morphology of the public housing of that time: the two principal buildings are long curvilinear ones, located around a big courtyard with green and services, and also commercial spaces (functional mix).
The Bovisaska-Cerkovo intervention is characteristic of the public intervention of that years in a negative way: located close to a big infrastructure (railway), is a complex of big dimensions and low quality. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s composed by three linear buildings of 10 floors with units of medium-big size.
C B
A B
B
C C
B
A
A
C
B
C
B
C
B
A D
A B C D
60 mq 96 mq 72 mq 82 mq
A B C
70 mq 88 mq 55 mq
A B C D
90 mq 80 mq 73 mq 80 mq
C
B
D
Public Housing Evolution Taxonomy Via Gallarate Living a park
Cenni di Cambiamento District as a cross between city and settlment
2009 / ERP housing “Abitare a Milano 1” / MAB Arquitectura
2013 / Investire SGR, fhs, Fondazione Cariplo, Comune di Milano, Fondo immobiliare di Lombardia
50 m
50 m
CHANGE OF LIVING:
CHANGE OF LIVING:
The winner project of the “Abitare a Milano 1” represents an example of the new social housings complex of the recent years in Milan. These interventions are often scattered pattern on the left-overs land, lacking a common strategy from the municipality. However, this intervention tries to reinterpret the theme of living a park on a long and narrow lot close to a principal street in a peripheral area. The structure of the complex in based on human scale and is characterized by a mix of social and commercial functions at the ground level.
This case is an example of the new private/public social housing interventions in Milan. They are often characterized by new technologies and energetical efficiency. Cenni di Cambiamento for example is the biggest complex in Europe realized in x-lam structure. The typology, as the last example, is the one of the towers combined with linear building, and units are characterized by a flexible distribution. The project takes care of people social spaces for aggregation, searching for an equilibrium between private use of the city, as the residential one, and public use, as services and commerce.
A B C D E F
A B C
42 mq 50 mq 58 mq 70 mq 104 mq 130 mq
50 mq 75 mq 100 mq
Milan Universities and Student Housing
Politecnico di Milano (41,422 students) Politecnico di Milano (41,422 students) Total spaces 1,894 Total spaces 1,894 4.5% students have 4.5% students have provided residence provided residence Avg. cost per month 345.83€ Avg. cost per month 345.83€
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI BICOCCA UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI BICOCCA POLITECNICO DI MILANO - BOVISA POLITECNICO DI MILANO - BOVISA SAN RAFFAELE
SAN RAFFAELE
BRERA ACADEMY
BRERA ACADEMY
MARANGONI FASHION INSTITUTE
MARANGONI FASHION INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITA CATTOLICA UNIVERSITA CATTOLICA UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI POLITECNICO DI MILANO
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI POLITECNICO DI MILANO
Universita degli Studi (56,724 students) Universita degli Studi (56,724 students) Total spaces 920 Total spaces 920 1.6% students have provided residence
1.6% students have provided residence
Avg. cost per month
Avg. cost per month
University (14,428 students) Bocconi University (14,428Bocconi students) Total spaces 2,067
Total spaces 2,067
14% students have provided residence
14% students have provided residence
Avg. cost per month 637.50€ Avg. cost per month 637.50€
Universita Cattolica (36,000 students)Cattolica (36,000 students) Universita Doesn’t offer
Doesn’t offer
MILAN CONSERVATORY MILAN CONSERVATORY UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI
BOCCONI UNIVERSITY
IULM
IULM
BOCCONI UNIVERSITY
NUOVA ACCADEMIA DI BELLE ARTI NUOVA ACCADEMIA DI BELLE ARTI
Milan Student Population Milan (178,000 students) Student Population (178,000 students) Total spaces 6,600
Total spaces 6,600
3% students have provided residence
3% students have provided residence Avg. cost per month 750€ Avg. cost per month 750€
LEGEND Universities
LEGEND
Porta Romana
Universities
Private student housing
Porta Romana
Student Housing
Private student housing Student Housing
iMi
Student Housing in Milan Taxonomy Casa DelloStudente, Studente, PoliMi Private Martinitt Campus, Casa Dello PoliMi
CasaAlbergo, Albergo, PoliMi Campus,Private Private Casa CasaPoliMi Dello Studente,Casa PoliMi Martinitt Campus, Martinitt Campus, Private Albergo, PoliMi Martinitt Historical Building ReclaimingSaving avant gard building Embedded in urban fabric Reclaiming Historical Building Embedded inReclaiming urban fabric Historical Building Saving avant gard building Martinitt Campus, Private Casa Albergo, PoliMi Casa Dello Studente, PoliMi Martinitt Campus, Casa Dello Studente, PoliMi Private Reclaiming Historical Building gard building Embedded in urbanSaving fabric avantEmbedded Reclaiming Historical Building in urban fabric
1934 / Zimonti
1934 / 201050 m
50 m
First established student housing in Milan. Each floor has a communal kitchen, common spaces, and a mix between single and double rooms. It is embedded 1934 / Zimontiand even within the Milanese urban50 mmorphology, 1934 / 2010 though it is right next to the campus it doesn’t stand out from the rest of the city context.
IsonzoUniMi Residence, Bocconi Cascina Codazza, luxurious flats RepurposingThe farmhouse
1934 / 2010
501934 m 1947 / Luigi Moretti / Zimonti50 m
501947 m
/ Luigi Moretti
2009
2009
50 m
50 m
50 m
1964 / 2013
This Residence Hall was inaugurated in September 2014 and features innovative facilities. It has single rooms with a private bathroom or a bathroom shared with another student and a shared kitchen, and 4-bedroom apartments with 2 bathrooms and a shared living room/kitchen area and balcony.
50 m
1934 / 2010
Casa Albergo, PoliMi Saving avant gard building
1947 / Luigi Moretti
50 m
Consists of two 13 story towers called “Casa della Originially it was an orphanage dating back 1532. Laureata”. The structure is considered a historicalMoved to the current building in 1934. Later the artistic asset for the fame of the designer but also Lombardy region and ALER and Pio Albergo Trivulzio, 50 m 50 m / Luigi Moretti 50 m 50 m 50 m 50 m 50 m to turn into 1947 1947 / Luigi Moretti 1934 Zimonti 1947 /that Luigi Moretti due to /the architectural features that distinguish it. the space a student residence 1934 / 2010 1934 / 2010 allowed 1998- 2004 – Commune di Milano decided to sell the could house 439 guests. Since 2010, the Campus has building and further renovations are stopped. Contract an agreement with the main Milanese universities such Castiglioni Residence, Bocconi Cascina Codazza, UniMi Isonzo Residence, Bocconi Isonzo Residence, Bocconi Castiglioni Residence, is signed between Politecnico di Milano for 60 years asBocconi the Polytechnic of Milan and the Academy of Fine Castiglioni Res starting from April 1999. Arts of Brera, which, by means of special tenders and The starchitect Theflats starchitect proposalfarmhouse Repurposing The luxurious flats The luxurious The starchitect proposal rankings.
IsonzoResidence, Residence, Bocconi Cascina Codazza, UniMi Bocconi Isonzo Bocconi Castiglioni Residence, Bocconi Cascina Codazza, UniMi Isonzo UniMi Residence, Cascina Codazza, The luxurious flats The starchitect proposalThe Repurposing farmhouse luxurious flats Repurposing farmhouse
1964 / 2013
Casa Albergo, PoliMi Martinitt Campus, Private avant gard building ReclaimingSaving Historical Building
Casa Albergo, Saving avant ga
2009
50 m 2014-19 / SANAA 1964 / 2013
50 m 2009 50 m 2014-19 / SANAA1964 / 2013
50 m
50 m
50 m 2014-19
Castiglioni Residence, Bocconi CampusResidence, Bo Castiglioni Residence, Bocconi Isonzo Residence, Bocconi Castiglioni Theflats starchitect proposal The luxurious The starchitect proposal
/ SANAA
50 m
Cascina Association of Milan was founded in 2013 in order to promote recovery of the farmhouse typology of Milan. Establishment and promotion of an integrated system of places dedicated to agriculture, food, culture and social housing in the metropolitan area of Milan, with a view to economic, social, energy and production sustainability, having as a center the public owned Cascine network.
2009
50 m 2009
50 m 2014-19 / SANAA
2014-19 / SANAA
50 m
50 m
2014-19 / SANAA
A proposal that is furthering Bocconi University in the “campus living” idea for future universities. The Castiglioni Residence will be the most expensive housing complex for students yet, with prices averaging (add prices). This new typology seems to have nothing in common with the surrounding urban fabric. The idea is to stick out possiblity to difrentiate the university from the surrounding envrionment.
50 m
Porta Romana Typology and Highlights
M
LEGEND M3 metro line S9 city railway line Cavo Redefossi Minor water canal
Porta Romana Typology and Highlights Typical tenement houses Residential nineteenth century block
Mixed used Residential and services complex
Regenerated industrial complex Via Pietrasanta residential lofts and offices
M
50 m
50 m
50 m
Porta Romana Typology and Highlights Officies A2A ex industrial complex
50 m
High rise residential buildings Residential buildings
50 m
University residence Bocconi residence
50 m
Porta Romana Typology and Highlights High rise in the park Residential towers related with the green
50 m
Temporary structure for events Social Music City venue
50 m
Pre-existences 1.
2.
Existing buildings
relevant buildings on the border of the yard
Railway
physical barrier that split the area in two
Hotel (ex-molino) Consorzio Agrario
A2A
Abandoned warehouses
Fondazione Prada
3.
Infrastructural nodes
relevant transportation nodes around the yard
4.
Green system
linear green system along the south railway system and green connection between centre and agricultural park
Olympic village program | The requirements
9 sqm * 70 9 sqm single rooms * 70 single rooms 12 sqm *12 630sqm single *rooms 630 double rooms Don’t requireDon’t kitchen require kitchen 4:1 bathroom 4:1ratio bathroom ratio
Porta Romana Portayard Romana yard 216.614 mq 216.614 mq OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA RESIDENTIALRESIDENTIAL ZONE ZONE
OVP
1.180 OVP sqm 1.180 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALLDINING HALL
RZ
15.950 sqm RZ 15.950 sqm
22,10022,100 mq mq needed for needed for OV programOV program
green spacegreen space
OZ
OZ 10.900 sqm 10.900 sqm
DH
2.400 sqm DH 2.400 sqm
PGT program | The requirements
Functional Mix Min. % of total built up volume allocated to
> 30%
Social Mix Min. % of total built up volume allocated to social housing > 30%
164.000 sqm
social housing > 44% Min. % of total social housing built up volume for the rent > 40%
Instrumental area 29.075 mq
total gloss ï¬&#x201A;oor area needed
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
footprint area 93.613 mq (50%)
Porta Romana yard 216.614 mq
51.850 sqm
Social Housing 34.850 mq Agevolata 25.570 mq
FREE MARKET RESIDENTIAL 62.950 sqm
FREE MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL 62.950 sqm
Land area 187.226 mq
Min. public green area 93.613 mq (50%)
Canone moderato 4.000 mq Canone sociale 5.280 mq
Ordinary rent-controlled 17.000 mq
Final program | The requirements
mq 46.30046.300 mq
sqmrooms * 70 single rooms 11 sqm *14 70 single 630 double rooms 14 sqm *20 630sqm single *rooms sqmflatminimum 28 sqm 24 minimum total areaflat total area +10 sqm for extra person
needed for needed for OV programOV program
Portayard Romana yard Porta Romana 216.614 mq 216.614 mq
OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA 1.280 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
ZONE sqm 31.320 RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL ZONE
31.320 sqm
ZONE sqm 11.300 OPERATIONALOPERATIONAL ZONE HALL sqm DINING HALLDINING2.4000
11.300 sqm
OVP
2.4000 sqm
RZ green spacegreen space
Cafe - 100 mqCafe - 100 mq General Store -General 150 mqStore - 150 mq Merch Merch Store - 300 mqStore - 300 mq Bank - 100 mqBank - 100 mq Post Post Office - 75 mqOffice - 75 mq Media Center -Media 80 mqCenter - 80 mq OVP Photo Photo Store - 50 mq Store - 50 mq Travel Travel Agent - 50 mqAgent - 50 mq Call Call Center - 50 mqCenter - 50 mq Internet Center - 200 mq Internet Center - 200 mq Hair Hair Salon - 100 mqSalon - 100 mq Flourist - 50 mq Flourist - 50 mq Cleaning - 25 mq Dry Cleaning -Dry 25 mq Apartments Apartments - (70) - 1,960 mq -single - (70) - -single 1,960 mq - (630) -double - (630)-double - 18,270 mq - 18,270 mq Polyclinic 400 mq Polyclinic - 400 mq Center - 400 mq NOC Center - NOC 400 mq Chefs Mission Chefs Mission Hall - 200 mq Hall - 200 mq
RZ
Office - 250 mq Security OfficeSecurity - 250 mq Sports Complex Sports Complex - 5,000 mq - 5,000 mq mq mq Centers Facility SerciceFacility CentersSercice - 2,000 mq tot.- 2,000 mq tot.
Guest Passmq Center - 300 mq Guest Pass Center - 300
OZ
OZ Team Processing Team Processing Center - 1,000Center mq - 1,000 mq
DH
Main Dinner Hall - 2,000 mq Main Dinner Hall - 2,000 mq DH Workers Dinner Hall - 400 mq
Mall - 10,000 mq Transport Mall Transport - 10,000 mq
Workers Dinner Hall - 400 mq
Urban Scale | Site analysis
Piazza Lodi Node
Santa Giulia Venue
1. Gradual densification towards the node | Scenarios
Olympic village
PGT Total gloss floor area 164.000 sqm
Total gloss floor area 46.300 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
11.300 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALL
11.300 sqm 2.400 sqm
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
51.850 sqm
FREE-MARKET RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
62.950 sqm
FREE-MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
49.200 sqm
2. Green sector from the centre to agricultural park | Scenarios
Olympic village
PGT Total gloss floor area 164.000 sqm
Total gloss floor area 46.300 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
11.300 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALL
11.300 sqm 2.400 sqm
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
51.850 sqm
FREE-MARKET RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
62.950 sqm
FREE-MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
49.200 sqm
3. Equal distribution of density and green | Scenarios
Olympic village
PGT Total gloss floor area 164.000 sqm
Total gloss floor area 46.300 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
11.300 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALL
11.300 sqm 2.400 sqm
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
51.850 sqm
FREE-MARKET RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
62.950 sqm
FREE-MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
49.200 sqm
4. Real estate stripe | Scenarios
Olympic village
PGT Total gloss floor area 164.000 sqm
Total gloss floor area 46.300 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
11.300 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALL
11.300 sqm 2.400 sqm
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
51.850 sqm
FREE-MARKET RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
62.950 sqm
FREE-MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
49.200 sqm
5. Green ring | Scenarios
Olympic village
PGT Total gloss floor area 164.000 sqm
Total gloss floor area 46.300 sqm OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA
1.280 sqm
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
11.300 sqm
OPERATIONAL ZONE DINING HALL
11.300 sqm 2.400 sqm
RENT-CONTROLLED HOUSING
51.850 sqm
FREE-MARKET RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
62.950 sqm
FREE-MARKET NOT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
49.200 sqm
The strategy | Between different visions
_1 Connecting to the city grid
_3 Preserving memory of the yard
_1 Connecting to the city grid 1. Connecting to the city grid
_2 Densifying im
_3 Preserving memory of the yard
_4 Creating mix
_2 Densifying important nodes 2. Densifying important nodes _1 Connecting to the city grid
_4 Creating mix-use functions
_1 Connecting to the city grid
3. memory _3Preserving Preservingimportant memory of the of yardthe yard _2 Densifying nodes
_3 Preserving memory of the yard
4. mix-use functions _4 Create Creating mix-use functions
_2 Densifying
_4 Creating m
Economic scenarios | A flexible masterplan Milan - The Global City PGT & Neighborhood Park -Highrise buildings -Commercial plateau -Southwestern neighborhood -Park and green network
Milan - The European Capital PGT & Neighborhood Park
House Price Index 130
-Dense fabric to the North-east and Southwest -Commercial Plateau -Park and green network
120
110
100
90
‘10
‘11
‘12
Existing dwellings
‘13
‘14
New dwellings
‘15
‘16
‘17
‘18
‘19
Milan - Stagnant Growth New Neighborhood & Park
Total dwellings
-Medium/low density fabric in the North-east and South-west -Park -Head of commercial plateau
Milan - No Growth New Neighborhood & Park -Low density fabric in the North-east -Park
Olympic village | Masterplan 4 1 14
5
3
2
6
13
7
8
9 10
11
12
Striped Park
GREEN SPACE
123.300 sqm
98.300 sqm
57%
Reclamation Land 25.000 sqm
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Olympic Village entrance Olympic Village Plaza Olympic Village residences Metro station Commercial center Plateau square Train station
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Pedestrian bridges Green bridge “The crossing park” Dining hall pavillions Temporary reclamation landscape Sport stripe Sport center
PUBLIC SPACE
51.000 sqm
23%
BUILDING GROUND SURFACE
24.100 sqm
12%
INSTRUMENTAL AREA
17.6000 sqm
8%
Squares
40.000 sqm
Pedestrian paths
11.000 sqm
Residential area
14.000 sqm
Commercial area Sport area Dining area Station area
5.500 sqm 2.300 sqm 1.400 sqm 900 sqm
Future projections | Masterplan 4 5 1 18
16
6
3
2
7
17
8
9
10 11 13
12
14 15
GREEN SPACE
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Library Olympic Village Legacy Plaza North-east social fused Neighborhood Metro station Business center Commercial center Plateau square Train station Pedestrian bridges
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
Green bridge “The crossing park” Exhibition pavillions Kiosks South-west creative District Industrial-creative Hub Student housing Sport stripe Sport center
117.400 sqm
55%
PUBLIC SPACE
51.000 sqm
23%
BUILDING GROUND SURFACE
30.000 sqm
14%
INSTRUMENTAL AREA
17.6000 sqm
8%
Striped Park
117.400 sqm
Squares
40.000 sqm
Pedestrian paths
11.000 sqm
Residential area
19.000 sqm
Commercial area Sport area Cultural area Business area Station area Kiosks
5.500 sqm 2.300 sqm 1.100 sqm 900 sqm 900 sqm 300 sqm
The process | Timeline 2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
1. Reclamation Removal of the tracks Bioremediation
In the area of the Olympic Village To clean 100 000 sqm of park already by 2026
Phytoextraction
Olympic village construction
Following the program for all facilities and housing needed during the games
West district construction
3. Recovery A2A building Consorzio Agricolo
Attatched sport center and entrance and later converted in to a library
O LY M P I C S
Village retrofitting works
WIN TE R
2. Construction
New social mixite district New creative district
Using existing techniques of recovering historical buildings to implement new student housing New creative center
Abandoned warehouses
4. Infrastructure Circle Line Lodi intermodal station
New station in the plateau New underground connection to train station
2032
2033
Towards a new park | Reclamation and soil movement 2020
SOIL CONTAMINANTS
2021 30 km of tracks to be removed
Bioremediation Treatment of the Olympic Village area
1.7 km of wall to be eliminated
METALS: Cd, Pb, Zn HYDROCARBONS: heavy hydrocarbons C>12 Cd Pb Zn hydr. C>12
2.5 mg/kg 144 mg/kg 201 mg/kg 64 mg/kg
In situ techniques METALS: Phytoextraction HYDROCARBONS: bioremediation
2023
2026 Park hill construction area 45.000 m3 of soil needed
Olympic Village construction area 80.000 m3 of soil moved
Contaminats depth 100.000 m2 of reclaimed park
1.00
Pb
Cd
Zn
2.00 3.00 4.00
Phytoextraction Artemisia Princeps Arundo Donax Brassica Juncea Miscanthus Poa Annua Raphanus Sativus
Phytoextraction Artemisia Princeps Arundo Donax Brassica Juncea Miscanthus Poa Annua Raphanus Sativus
hydrocarbons C>12
5.00
Data referring to Porta Vittoria yard, source Misfit agriculture and urban decontaminations, Chiara Geroldi
The park | Thematic linear strips
The park | Thematic linear strips
SPORT OLYMPIC VILLAGE PLAZA RESIDENTIAL GREEN DISCOVERY GARDEN PLAYGROUND KIOSKS AREA
Seats
Vegetation barrier
Buildings barrier
EXHIBITIONS Berm
Reintegration into the urban tissue | Urban sections Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;
A
A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; urban section| 1:500
Reintegration into the urban tissue | Urban sections B
Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;
B-Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; urban section | 1:500
Reintegration into the urban tissue | Urban sections C
Câ&#x20AC;&#x2122;
C-Câ&#x20AC;&#x2122; urban section | 1:500
Reintegration into the urban tissue | Urban sections C
Câ&#x20AC;&#x2122;
C-Câ&#x20AC;&#x2122; urban section | 1:500
The plateau | A new infrastractural node
The district | A courtyard system
Social and functional mixité | Before and after Olympic games Olympics
HOUSING DIVERSIFICATION chef de mission flats 70 people 7% athlete flats 1,130 people 93% LEGEND services commercial chefs mission rooms athlete rooms shared common space flux hotel?
Post Olympics HOUSING DIVERSIFICATION social housing 328 people +102
luxury flats 110 people 10% 30%
20%
40% LEGEND services commercial offices student housing social housing free market housing luxury housing hotel
regular flats 220 people
student housing 440 people
Distribution and circulation | The neighbourhood
P
footprint for parking
P
P
P
footprint for parking
P
P
P
P P
P P
P stairs and elevators oďŹ&#x192;ce circulation spaces pedestrian walkways underground parkings
stairs and elevators oďŹ&#x192;ce circulation spaces pedestrian walkways underground parkings
stairs and elevators oďŹ&#x192;ce circulation spaces pedestrian walkways underground parkings
76 sqm
Residential intervention | Modules
96 sqm
36 sqm
Tower Building Modules
Module distribution of the tower M1 M3
Full building plan
47 sqm 72 sqm
ST
M4 47 sqm
M2 72 sqm63 sqm
47 sqm
24 sqm
96 sqm
M8
76 sqm
36 sqm 88 sqm
96 sqm 47 sqm
M7
ST
M6 M5 M4 M3
M5
M3 72 sqm
M2
24 sqm
24 sqm
M1
96 sqm
96 sqm
M8
M6 72 sqm
M4 80 sqm
72 sqm
63 sqm
sqm 6488 sqm
47 sqm
M7 M6 M5 M4 M3
M7
Linear Building Modules
M8 72 sqm
96 sqm
M2 M1
M5
96 sqm
80 sqm
80 sqm
24 sqm
96 sqm
M6
63 sqm 80 sqm
48 sqm
64 sqm
ST M7 96 sqm
20 sqm
M8 80 sqm
14 sqm 96 sqm
80 sqm
48 sqm
Typology and users | Before and after Olympic games 11
22
11 1
22 2
1 LINEAR BUILDING 22 LINEAR LINEARBUILDING BUILDING 12 x 16 Module Athletic rooms 2 LINEAR BUILDING 12xx16 16Module ModuleAthletic Athleticrooms rooms 12 2 LINEAR BUILDING 12 x 16 Module Athletic rooms common space for games 12 x 16 Module Athletic and following along rooms the olympics games
commonspace spacefor forgames games common and following along and following along for games thecommon olympicsspace games the olympics games and following along common space for games the olympics games and following along the olympics games
12 x 16 Module Student housing 12xx16 16Module ModuleStudent Studenthousing housing 12 12 x 16 Module Student housing common space for cooking 12 x 16 Module Student housing and studying commonspace spacefor forcooking cooking common and studying and studying common space for cooking and studying common space for cooking and studying
BUILDINGOCCUPANCY OCCUPANCYCAPACITY CAPACITY BUILDING BUILDING OCCUPANCY CAPACITY BUILDING OCCUPANCY CAPACITY During the Olympics (MAX) 158 During the Olympics (MAX) --CAPACITY 158 BUILDING OCCUPANCY Post-Olympics (MIN)--93 93 (-41%) Post-Olympics (MIN) (-41%) During the Olympics (MAX) - 158 During the Olympics (MAX) - 158 Post-Olympics (MIN) (MAX) - 93 (-41%) During the Olympics - 158 Post-Olympics (MIN) - 93 (-41%) Post-Olympics (MIN) - 93 (-41%) TOWER 11 TOWER 1 TOWER 2 TOWER AthletesRooms Rooms--Apartment Apartmenttypology typology Athletes 1 TOWER Athletes Rooms - Apartment typology Athletes Rooms - Apartment typology Athletes Rooms - Apartment typology
doublebedrooms bedrooms -2-2double bathroom -1-1bathroom -2 double bedrooms -livingroom roomand and kitchen -living kitchen -2 double bedrooms -1 bathroom -2 double bedrooms -1 bathroom -living room and kitchen -1 bathroom -living room and kitchen -living room and kitchen
Social Housing Typology Post-Olympics Social Housing Typology Post-Olympics Social Housing Typology Post-Olympics Social Housing Typology Post-Olympics Social Housing Typology Post-Olympics
-2 double bedrooms double bedrooms -2 bedrooms -1-2double single bedroom -1 single bedroom -1 single bedroom -common space -2 double bedrooms -common space -common space -1 single bedroom -2 double space bedrooms -common -1 single bedroom
-2 double bedrooms double bedrooms -2-2 double -1 singlebedrooms bedroom single bedroom -1-1 single bedroom -common space -2 double bedrooms -common space -common space -1 single bedroom -2 double space bedrooms -common -1 single bedroom
masterbedroom bedroom -1-1master -1 -1 master bedroom -1child childbedroom bedroom -1 master bedroom -1 -1 child bedroom -1bathroom bathroom -1 room child bedroom -1 -living bathroom -living room andkitchen kitchen and -1 master -1 bathroom -living room and bedroom kitchen -1 childroom bedroom -living and kitchen -1 bathroom -living room and kitchen
Residential intervention | Elevations
South Elevation | 1:200
Residential intervention | Elevations
West Elevation | 1:200
Vernacular Architecture in Valtellina
1. LIVIGNO Valdidentro St. Moritz
2. BORMIO
5. MEDESIMO Valdisotto 6. S. GIACOMO FILIPPO Chiavenna 4. CHIESA VALMALENCO
Morbegno
Lecco Como
Sondrio
3. VALFURVA
Vernacular Architecture in Valtellina 1. LIVIGNO
2. BORMIO
Typical house model:
Typical house model:
3. VALFURVA
4. CHIESA VALMALENCO
5. MEDESIMO
6. SAN GIACOMO FILIPPO
Typical Mont house model:
Typical baita model:
Most ancient walser house (mid. XVI cent.)
Late sixteenth-century Blockbau house
Completely made of wood Completely made of stone
Basement: wooden stable and masonry casera First floor: barn and wooden house with the Blockbau technique; masonry kitchen
Two separated spaces attached by a covered passage
Masonry kitchen (cassina) with a stua built with interlocking square beams, used as living room and work place
Typical Cort house model: Basement: dry stone walled cellar Mezzanine floor: kitchen and stua Upper floor: bedroom External stairs
Unitary house divided vertically between rustic and house, made all in masonry except the wooden barn.
Internal division of spaces Ground floor with an internal courtyard
Oldest house: only wood
Newest house: masonry ground floor
Walser dwellings of the early 1600s: strong division between the ground floor made of stones and the upper one made in wood.
Typical baita model:
Càsei: used for preserving milk Typical house with a kitchen having barns beside and above
Two-pitched roof supported by a truss that leaves a space free from walls
Basement: stable Mezzanine floor: barn and bedroom, entrance to kitchen with fireplace (cendrè)
In-between: masonry basement
Li tea dal Brun: small baita consisting of a stable and a masonry room. The space under the roof serves as a barn and as a dormitory.
1700s complex and multi-family buildings
The big door leads the entrance to the courtyard
Càsel: used for preserving milk
House and Masùn (stable-barn) with a vegetable garden
Unusual Walser house: the masonry kitchen and the two-floors wooden block, with a stua and a room above, are arranged linearly
Eighteenth-century houses: closed unitary buildings, abundant volumes, solid walls, wooded under-roof space, roofs covered with piote
Alpine Architecture 8. VERSAM
Livigno St. Moritz
Bormio
1-4. MADESIMO
Chiavenna 3. CHIESA VALMALENCO Tirano Morbegno
Sondrio
6. BARZIO
7. DORGA
2. PIAN DEI RESINELLI Lecco Como
5. SELVINO
Single houses/Villas timeline CASA LA MONTAGNOLA Mario Cereghini Madesimo
BAITA LA ROCCELLA Mino Fiocchi Pian dei Resinelli
-2
1
1 93
VILLA CLERICI Asnago & Vender Chiesa in Valmalenco
41
19
38
CASA IL BUCANEVE Mario Cereghini Madesimo
VILLA VARISCO Tito Varisco Selvino
0
4 19
46
19
44
CASA MASCHERONI Salvati & Tresoldi Barzio
60
19
54
CASA UNIFAMILIARE Salvati & Tresoldi Dorga
66
19
63
CASA GUGALUN Peter Zumthor Versam
67
19
65
94
19
Historical Timeline of Livigno Frist stable settlement
Feudal rule of the Venosta
�irst sta��e se��ements of the area arise under the dominion of Bormio.
In the year 1187 Livigno, with “Vinae et Vineole”, gets under feudal rule of the Venosta, with bishop Ardizzone from Como. Livigno’s inhabitants, who call themselves Livignaschi, and owned the “Li Vinae”, the plains of S. Maria and Blesaccia; the Vageralpes, Campaccio and Federia, the “Vineole”, were under the feudal power’s rule.
Autonomy
Dependency from Bormio
�n di�erent periods the inhabitants of Livigno were able to obtain various forms of autonomy, especially on the exchange of goods without duties, on the network of the market and on the sources of purchase.
Because Livigno doesn’t submit to the laws of the bishop of Como, the “Vineole” with Federia, Blesaccia and all the woods, are handed over to Borrmio. The Livignaschi can’t live anymore on the few byproducts of their fields. This is the era when large areas of wood are cut down, for bringing up firewoods for Livigno’s iron foundry.
First concessions and relief �he comunity se�led in the valley of Livigno asks to the governors Grigioni for more independency on the management of the pastures.
Became a municipality
7
8 11
�e�en�in��on� Bormio
0
5
2 13
�ti��l�tion� �it����stri�
Be��me���m�ni�i��lit�
First stable settlement
0 13
A�er the �ongres of Wien, Livigno and the whole territory of the Province of Bormio, fall under the direct control of the Austrian dominion.
With the re-organization of the land property of Bormio under the Cisalpina Republic, Livigno becomes a municipality.
B�ttle��or��ree�om
�e���l�r�le�o�� t�e��enost�
Under the dominance of Austrian
�irst��on�essions� �n��relie�
8-
3 15
1
4 18
In the year 1861 even Livigno becomes a part of the Italian kingdom. Already in the year 1865 the toll relief, earned over many years, got confirmed. With law number 526 voted onto 17/7/1910 the Italian constitution the Italian kingdom recognizes Livigno’s special toll status and the relief for its inhabitants and the community, defining exactly its borders. The special status is recognized some years later by the Italian Republic and the European Union.
�n���r�tion�o�� �l�er�o��l�in� ��tonom�
8
3 15
Toll relief
0-
0 16
0
0 17
Stipulation with Austria Austriastipulates a contract where it recognizes to Livigno the same concessions obtained during the Napoleonic period.
Convention Livigno The government of the Italian Reign, confirms the convention to Livigno.
�ivi�no� Convention �oll�relie�
�n�er�t�e��omin�n�e� o����stri�n
7
9 17
0
8 18
1
0 18
9
1 18
5
6 18
7
7 18
Historical Timeline of Livigno Inauguration o� ��� ����rgo Livigno
Monte Parè In the year 1900 Pope Leo XIII celebrates a Roman-Catholic jubilee in Rome. On Monte Parè, on October 4 the same year, a wooden cross, is erected, for defending and protecting Livigno’s inhabitants. construction. It will be very active during the whole century but its role is less relevant than other realities.
In the years from 1908 to 1914 in the middle of the village the Albergo, “Livigno” is built. Under the administration of the Mottini family already in its first years, many businessmen, returning from Switzerland to Bormio, have a rest here.
Foscagno
Electricity
With the opening of the Foscagno Road, called “Via di Döss”, Livigno can emerge from its geographical isolation. Before, Livigno’s inhabitants could only leave the village using a 25 kilometre long path to Semogo.
The electric company Società ��roele�r��a Livignese takes up its business. In its first power plant and electricity can be distributed to Livigno’s households.
Tunnel construction In these Years, thanks to Livigno’s initiative, a tunnel of about 2.5 km is constructed to let people safely travel on the Strada del Foscagno, protected from falling rocks and ava�an��es� �ra�� between Livigno and the Alta Valtellina gets much safer and doesn’t stop during wintertime, even if in this period only horse sleighs are able to use the track.
Livigno
passo Foscagno
Albergo Livigno First telephone conection
0
0 19
During the days between the 19 and 21 January in the year 1951 a great amount of snow is falling on Livigno. Even in the months before, in November and December, there were heavy snowfalls. On January 21, in the early morning hours, an enormous avalanche rolls down into the valley, destroying some houses in the village and killing seven inhabitants.
With their Scuola Sci Livitur Lodovico, Cusini and Stefano Sertorelli found the first ski school in Livigno. Both ski instructors are assisted by Sandro Mottini and Ernesto Peri. Some years earlier Attilio Silvestri� �Be��n� Mottini and Natale Galli, all of them hoteliers, hire mountain guides and ski instructors from Bormio, being able to o�er their guests guided tours in through mountains around Livigno.
Foscagno accessible in winter ����������ant
Courier service Hotel Bernina
4
First ski school
Bormio
Monte Parè
.0 .10
Dramatic Avalanche
12
19
.07 0.04 4 1 .1 19 914 1
Tunnel construction
First World War
15
19
18
9 -1
23 924 1
19
20
19
29
9 -1
Tourist attract
Second World War
Electricity power plant
Foscagno
Ski School
�e�astatin�� Avalanche
25
19
39
9 -1
39
19
45
9 -1
.21 1.26 3.12 1 5 .1 .0 19 52 51 9 9 1 1
2
19
.1 59
68
19
Geomorphological Transformation
Before 1957
After 1957
Morphological analysis
water network around valley
street network - more dense in the first row of the houses
street network with first row of houses built - developed into a “fish bone” shape along the main river
~30m
pasture grass
road
river
summer house
pasture grass hay straw
road
residential
river
street network - houses expanded to the direction facing to the valley
~30m
summer house
pasture grass hay straw
road
residential
river
~30m
summer house
pasture grass hay straw
road
residential
river
Morphological analysis
Section 1
residential area
fram land
act as front entrance in winter season to access the active valley
Section 2
Section 3
pastures area
pastures area
sport area
park
river
act as front entrance in summer season to access the active shopping street
residential area
residential area
river
residential area
river
pastures area
Transformation 1
1934 Frozen farming village Isolated rural village with rich lanscape
2
1965 Transforming Infrastructure connection
3
2019 Global tourism village Transformed the existing resource into economic pillars
Summer
3439m Remote nature
Forests
Pastures 1816m Rows of house 3439m Winter
Remote nature
Forests
Residents built before 1934 Residents built before 1965 Residents built before 2019
Pastures
Hotel
1816m Rows of house
B&B
Livigno Development
3439m 1
Isolated rural village with rich lanscape
Forests 2
Infrastructure connection Switzerland
3439m
Livigno Residents
Pastures
Sondalo
1 1934 Frozen farming village
3 2019 Global tourism village
Bormio
Remote nature
1816m Rows of house
Forests
2 1965 Transforming
Valdidentro
3
Transformed the existing resource into economic pillars
Hotel B&B
Residents
Pastures 1816m Rows of house
3439m Remote nature
Forests
Hotel B&B
Residents
Pastures 1816m Rows of house
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Total Area : 227.3 Sq. Km
City Centre
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Elevation : 1,816 m
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Total Population : 6,363
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Population �ensity : 28 per Sq. Km
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"$&! " SNOW ! "$" Livigno enjoyed the independence of benign neglect and thrived on |u-mvĹ&#x160;loÂ&#x2020;m|-bm |u-7;ÄşThe Austrian lrbu; 1omCul;7 b|v -Â&#x2020;|omolÂ&#x2039; bm |_; 18th century and the government of Italy Â&#x2020;r_;Ń´7 |_; |u-7bŕŚ&#x17E;om bm Ć?Ć&#x2013;Ć?Ć?ġ ]u-mŕŚ&#x17E;m] |_; 1ollÂ&#x2020;m; |-Â&#x160;Ĺ&#x160;=u;; v|-|Â&#x2020;vÄş Has been called Äž bÂ&#x201A;Ń´; $b0;|Äż for its -Ń´ŕŚ&#x17E;|Â&#x2020;7; o= Ć?ġќĆ?Ńľ meters above sea level. Tibet because it shares Mt. Everest with Nepal and for itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s towering peaks.
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Olympic Village ��ea��������������
Characteristics of the landscape Remote nature 2650 - 2850m
Forests 2550 - 2650m Mountain pastures 2400 - 2550m
Under-development areas 2250 - 2400m
Valley pastures 2000 - 2250m Valley pastures 1900 - 2000m Urbanized valley 1850 - 1900m
Urbanized valleys Under-development areas Valley pastures â&#x20AC;&#x153;Teeâ&#x20AC;? areas Forests Remote nature Mountain pastures
Residential buildings INHABITANTS PER SQM
24.02 S T A T E O F C O N S E R V A T I O N
480
TOTAL NUMBER OF BUILDINGS
excellent
1193
296 good
900
residential
112
240
productive, commercial and other
medium
12
poor
61
stone
35
reinforced concrete
804
other materials like steel or wood
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION
Houses/Apartments Hotels/Residences
Livinio property pricing
rental prices
purchase prices
Future interventions 1. Sports and recreation area
3. Improved connection of Trepalle facilities
proposed water extension proposed green park proposed golf court
existing ski lifts proposed connections
4. Unification of the whole ski area
2. Unification of the whole ski area existing ski lifts proposed connections
1 2
existing ski lifts proposed connections
underground connection aerial cableway connection
3
cable connection Carosello - Freita - Valfin
3 2 1
Livigno
5. Tunnel connection between Livigno and St. Moritz proposed connection
1 2 3
Zernez
4
Livigno St. Moritz Pontresina
5
St. Moritz
Skiing in Livigno
FORCOLA
LIVIGNO Livigno lake skiing training area
TUNNEL - CH
Lago di Livigno
Ski trail
Ski lift
Ski lift starting point
athletes' accomondation
Athletes Title related train
accomondation
athlete
short-term Athletes coming from all over the world to set up the training here, especially the Italian National teams. The concertrating training lasts for a short period no longer than one month, usually during the tourist low season. Athletes usually stay in the local settlements to rest and take high-tensity training for the whole day. Not only the professional skill training but also physical body training.
Ski racer usually stay Livigno to train for 7-28 days/year Snow arrives early in Livigno, the place has natural advantage to allow athletes training in this area. Swimmers Livigno is located at 1816m above sea level, altitude training is also ideal for swimmers, which means Federica Pellegrini, Gregorio Paltrinieri and other members choose Aquagranda Active You for training. ski lift ski trail starting points of ski lifts cross-country ski trail
Snowboarder usually stay Livigno to train for 7-28 days/year
Livigno Typology and Highlights
Building regulations
EXTERIORS
MATERIALS
DIMENSIONS
Streets
Minimum width: 5 meters
Green areas
Only local arboreal species are allowed and must be arranged following the typical character of the landscape
Works of containment and support
Only walls made of exposed natural stone are allowed 2.10meters maximum height allowed a. 0.60m in wall + 1.50m in metal or wood b. 2.10m totally transparent Doors and windows cannot be opened externally if located under 2.50m from the ground in public spaces
Fences
Only wood and metal are allowed
Balconies, doors and windows
Only wood and metal are allowed
Roof
Must be made of stone or wood, as the local typical architecture
Chimney
Must be finished with stones, bricks, copper plates or rough plaster Allowed only if the street width or the distance from the closest building is equal or greater than 10m
Cantilever floors Attic room and skylight
Only sloped roofs are allowed
Allowed only if the window/floor surface ratio is lower than 1/8
INTERIORS
DIMENSIONS
Floor surface
Minimum living space: house: 25sqm for the 1st person and other 10sqm for any added person
Height
Maximum building height: 3-storey house Minimum floor height: 2.70m
Doors
Minimum width: 0.8m
Staircases
Minimum width: 1.20m
Elevators
Minimum internal dimensions of the shaft: 0.9m x 1.30m with a sliding door opening on the shorter side
1-room apartment: 28sqm with 1 bed 38sqm with 2 beds
Interviews 1. Bar keeper
Olympic Games?! We do not need them at all! We won’t earn more money than the amount we already make with tourism now. So many tourists come throughout the whole year that we really don’t need nor want the Olympics here! It will never be a benefit for us, only for the government!
Winning the bid of the Olympics was great! We are very happy to host part of the Games here, all the ski facilities are perfect for this big event and the whole city will benefit with it. For example, we already have rooms booked for the event as well as other hotels do. What’s better than this?
2. Hotel receptionist
5. Tourist
We love Livigno both during the summer and winter, for sure we will come watch the Games live. We never had problems finding a place to stay, but we always book our holidays in advance. Probably for the Olympics, other accomodations would be perfect to maximize the number of visitors.
I really don’t want the Olympics to be held here, we don’t need them! We already have tourists, we are good. For the event they want to build new housing that as usual will become degraded areas. There are already many apartments and houses in Livigno for rent: the prices vary between 500 and 1500 euros for a month. The only intervention that we need is a better infrastructural system, that’s it.
I was very enthusiatic about the Olympics, it’s a great opportunity! I think that new accomodations would be perfect for the city as the main problems now are the high prices of rent and the lack of free places for workers that come from nearby cities. Usually all the apartments are taken by the tourists and the people around the area find immediately a job but have a hard time finding an accomodation.
4. Shop owner
3. Pizza maker
6. Professional swimmer
As swimmers of the Italian national team we don’t need to look for a room by myself. We have everything organized: from the accomodation in a hotel, that is not so far from the swimming pool, to the meals that aren’t in the hotel’s menu but are arranged following our diet. We are happy to host the Olympics in Italy and we think that Livigno is a perfect scenario for the event.
Program
Olympic Village Program
Final Program
Livigno PGT
8 sqm. per person (single bed) 12 sqm. per person (double bed) dont require kitchen
28 mq. per person total area +10 mq for extra person 4 people per room = 58 mq per apt.
28 sqm. per person
300,000 sqm
300,000 sqm
PGT proposed plan
built-up space
Dining Hall RZ OZ
PGT allowed changes 7%
10% 20%
green space
86% hotels (5.000sqm max) 7%
OVP
16,045 sqm needed for OV program
green space (golf court)
80%
riverfront (water sports)
10%
70%
shops and restaurants (400sqm max)
Dining Hall RZ OZ OVP AquaGranda Sports Facilities
300,000 sqm
Total area needed 26,460 mq 8.82% Existing Facilities 21,000 mq 7%
Site Area 252,540 mq 84.18%
10%
ov plaza/commercial space
Division of Program Final Program 28 sqm. per person +10 sqm for every extra person 4 people per room = 58 sqm per apt
Dining Hall Residential Zone Operational Zone Olympic Village Plaza Aqua Granda
Total area needed 26,460 mq 8.82%
21,000 mq 7%
Site Area 252,540 mq 84.18%
Services Zone 300,000 sqm. Dining Zone 1300 sqm.
Sports’ Complex 1500 sqm.
Housing and Residents’ Zone
Dining Hall 1100 sqm.
Sports Facilities
Workers’ Dining Hall 200 sqm.
Facility Services 700 sqm. Housing Temporary Residential Zone 4540 sqm.
Administrative Zone Polyclinic 500 sqm. Chefs’ mission hall 100 sqm.
Operational Zone 2900 sqm.
Security 250 sqm.
Olympic Village Plaza 1200 sqm.
Housing Permanent
Olympic Village Plaza 1200 sqm.
Guest Pass Centre 100 sqm.
NOC Office 100 sqm. Village Comm. Centre Multi Faith Centre 100 sqm. 150 sqm.
Residents’ Centre 300 sqm.
Team Processing Unit 800 sqm.
Olympic Village Plaza 1200 sqm.
Existing Site Area Sports Fields Olympic Village
Site Strategies
Strategy 1 keep the “fish bone structure” respect to the context follow the vanacular architecture
Strategy 2 create a new street in the agriculture park houses with public function buildings collabrate together
Strategy 3 create a new pedestrain path inside the park, houses placed follow the path
Strategy 4 follow the grid created by Aquagranda place the houses spread in site
The strategy in large scale To extend the focal points
To connect the focal points
3. 2027 Future potential commercial center water recreation facilities
2. 2027 Proposed secondly commercial center shopping center
1. 2020 Current commercial center (shopping)
Existing cycleway Proposed additional cycleway Common open space/ facility space Existing bicycle shop Church Olympic village develop area
Masterplan Olympic village To grow the village with same morphology
·To keep the same building orientation
·To intergrate buildings into agriculture and greenery
·To access to the community
from inside and have interaction between the agriculture and olympic village
Existing cycleway Proposed additional cycleway direction Service facilities Residential dominated building Agricultural area Olympic village entrance
Masterplan Post Olympic To create open space / focal points network
· To activate the community
with open space network and from both side with different types of vistors
· To from a sport circle
with existing facilities
Open plaza Existing cycleway Proposed additional cycleway direction Service facilities Residential dominated building Agricultural area Olympic village entrance
Node Creation Connection of the nodes Network of Public Spaces Network of Public Sports Facilities Sportsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Park
Rowing
Lakefront Park
Lounge Areas
Parking Plaza
Biking Track
Park and Meeting Spaces
Outdoor Sports Table Tennis
Cafe
Outdoor Gym
Masterplan Post Olympic
Axonometric View PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Thematic Studio - Milano Cortina 2027
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
G 2 - Permanent Housing - Livigno
MASTERPLAN - POST EVENT
Community development
permanent residential temporary residential facility building
1:5 Temporary and permanent ratio 3 small clusters forming a community unit in a vertical way
Growing the village parallel to the existing street with transverse community units
Growing the village perpendicular the existing street with transverse community units
Forming open space system by the removed temporary units and the developed road network
Functional Diagram
Residennal Polyclinic Chefâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s de Missions Hall Residennal Centre Security Centre Religious Centre Village Comunicaaon Villa Faciliies Centre Recreaaonal Accvity Dinner hall Athletes and Workers Guest Centre Team Procesing Centre
Sport center
Masterplan Post Olympic
T
¡
¡
Axonometric view - During Event
Cluster Detail - During Event North Elevation
Transversal Section
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Key Plan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Cluster Masterplan
View
Transversal Section
Thematic Studio - Milano Cortina 2027 G 2 - Permanent Housing - Livigno
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
North Elevation
Cluster Detail - During the Event
Athrey Shadari Chen Tianqin Cheung Wan Ting Barbara Anna Matelowska
View - During Event
View
Athrey Shadari
View
Axonometric view - Post Event
Explode
Cluster Detail - Post Event North Elevation
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Key Plan
View
Thematic Studio - Milano Cortina 2027 G 2 - Permanent Housing - Livigno Cluster Masterplan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Longitudinal Section
North Elevation
Cluster Detail - During the Event
Athrey Shadari Chen Tianqin Cheung Wan Ting Barbara Anna Matelowska
View - Post Event
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
View
Plants in the Alpine Plants in Alpine
Beech
May grow as tall as 30 metres The slightly shorter, egg-shaped, dark green leaves of the European beech turn red-brown in autumn and, in mild climates, persist through the winter.
Larch
The European larch, native to mountainous areas of northern and central Europe and Siberia, usually is 24 to 42 metres tall. It has reddish gray bark and produces a clear oleoresin known as Venetian turpentine.
Birch
Usually 30 metres high Birches were among the first trees to become established after the glaciers receded. Hardy, quick growing, and relatively immune to disease and insect attack.
Norway maple
Mid-sized often more than 9 metres; Large maples, usually in excess of 30 metres high. Maples constitute one of the most important groups of ornamentals for planting in lawns, along streets, and in parks.
Chestnut
The European chestnut is usually 30 metres tall Are cultivated as ornamentals.
Norway spruce
Spruce, genus of about 40 species of evergreen ornamental and timber trees in the conifer family Pinaceae, native to the temperate and cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Fir
Is an ornamental and timber species. It is a lofty tree, sometimes reaching 45 metres in height, with large, spreading, horizontal boughs curving upward toward their extremities.
Pine
Usually 20-40 meters high Many pines are cultivated as ornamentals, including black, white, Himalayan, and stone pines, and some are planted in reforestation projects or for windbreaks.
Gentian
They are especially a notable feature of mountain regions, where the moisture-loving plants have access to underground water in summer and snow cover in winter.
Glacier buttercup
The Glacier Buttercup is typically a mountain plant growing on higher altitudes. The flowers are much larger than other similar mountain plants. The flowers are white to reddish with a green heart.
Housing Typology - 1
2 Storey building - 12 x 20 win Bedrooms per floor - 12 Twin rooms per building 24 Athletes per buildings 2 Storey building - 12 x 20 6 Twin Bedrooms per floor - 12 Twin rooms per building Total No. of buildings - 30 24 Athletes per buildings Total No. of Twin rooms - 372 Total No. of buildings - 30 Total No. of Twin rooms - 372 First Floor Plan - During Event
Ground Floor Plan - During Event
First Floor Plan - During Event
Ground Floor Plan - During Event
Transversal Section
5
South Elevation South 1 : 100
Transversal Section
5
D} Copy 1 Copy 1
2
{3D} Copy 1 Copy 1
Typical Floor Plan - Post Event Typical Floor Plan - Post Event
South Elevation South 1 : 100
2
Typical Floor Plan - Post Event
{3D} Copy 1 Copy 1
Housing Typology - 2
Typical Floor Plan - Post Event
3 Storey building - 12 x 20 Bedrooms per floor - 12 Twin rooms per building nd floor with services and commercial spaces 24 Athletes per buildings 3 Storey building - 12 x 20 Total6 No. buildingsper - 9 floor - 12 Twin rooms per building TwinofBedrooms Ground floor with services and commercial spaces 24 -Athletes Total No. of Twin rooms 108 per buildings Total No. of buildings - 9 Total No. of Twin rooms - 108
First Floor Plan - During Event
Ground Floor Plan - During Event
First Floor Plan - During Event
Ground Floor Plan - During Event
Transversal Section
North NorthElevation 2 1 : 100
Transversal Section
North NorthElevation 2 1 : 100
2
{3D} Copy 1
Typical Floor Plan - Post Event
Typical Floor Plan - Post Event
Housing typology detail
North Elevation
Cluster Masterplan
View
Transversal Section
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Exploded Axon - During Event
View
Exploded Axon - Post Event
Exploded Axon - Post Event
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Balcony detail
Patterns of the balconies on the facade
Elevational detail Plan - Opening towards the view of the Mountains
Facade detail
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
OSB Board Natural mineral ďŹ ber insulation Acoustic Suspended Ceiling
Timber Frame Window
Treatment to control wood aging process Spruce Timber Structure
Ventilation Cavity
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
CLT Panel
Wooden Battened Ceiling
Water proof membrane
Timber Concrete Mixed Slab
Vapour Control Layer
Fixed treated battens
Wooden Flooring
Leveling
Concrete Slab
Isolation