India Perspectives Tamil July-September 2018 by Indian Diplomacy

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khf;];NghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; jiyik epu;thf mjpfhup & epu;thf ,af;Fdu;: gpufh\; N[h`up ,af;Fdu;: tpfh]; N[h`up jiyaq;fk; ,af;Fdu;: n[a;jh ge;Njhghj;gha jiyik mYtyfk; khf;n]f;]N ; ghrH kPbah F&g; #TheAddress, gpshl; vz; 62> Xf;yh fl;lk; -3> GJ by;yp - 110020 ,e;jpah njh: +91.11.43011111 > njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 8 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

,lkpUe;J tyk;: ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytu; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; kw;Wk; ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh Rtuh[; MfpNahu; GJby;ypapy; nrg;lk;gu; 17-k; ehsd;W eilngWk; '11tJ cyf `pe;jp khehl;bidj; njhlu;e;J" vd;w epfo;r;rpapy; fye;J nfhs;fpd;wdu;; 11tJ tp\;t `pe;jp rk;Nksd jpwg;G tpoh epfo;r;rpapy; ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; Rtuh[; 'Nghghy; Nr nkhuP\pa]; lhf;" vd;w Gj;jfj;ij ntspapl;lhu;

me;j epfo;r;rpapy; eilngw;w gy epfo;r;rpfspy;> rpwg;G fz;fhl;rp mikf;fg;gl;lJ ntw;wpfukhf mike;jJ kw ;Wk ; muR ` pe ;j p \pf ;\hf ; rq ;fk ; Mf paitahFk ;. 2018 nrg ;lk ;gu ; 17-k ; ehsd ;W GJby ;y pa py ; Vw ;ghL nra ;ag ;gl;l '11tJ cyf ` pe ;j p khehl;bidj ; njhlu ;e ;J" vd ;W jiyg ;g plg ;gl;l k pfg n ; gu pa e pfo ;r ;r p> 11tJ t p\ ;t ` pe ;j p rk N; ksdj ;j pd ; kw n ; whU Fw pg ;g plj ;jf ;f rhjidahFk ;. me ;j khiyg ; nghOj py ; ,e ;j paf ; FbauRj ; jiytu ; uhk ; ehj ; Nfht pe ;j ; jiyik t pUe ;j pduhf te ;j pUe ;jhu ;. nkhu P\ pa] py ; eilngw ;w khehl;by ; fye ;J nfhs ;s ,ayhj kw ;Wk ; me ;j e pfo ;r ;r pa py ; ~cyf ` pe ;j p nfsutk |;

toq ;fg ;gl;bUf ;fNtz ;ba gy %j ;j ,yf ;f pa vOj ;jhsu ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ` pe ;j p nkho pa pid tsu ;g ;gtu ;fs ; ghuhl;lg ;gl;ldu ;. e pA +by ;y pa py ; eilngw ;w e pfo ;r ;r pa py ;> Kd ;dhs ; ,e ;j pag ; g pujku ; mly ; g p`hu p th[ ;gha p mtu ;fs ; vOj pa MW ft pijfisg ; gw ;w pa xU fhnzhs p j piua plg ;gl;lJ. ,e ;j e pfo ;r ;r pa py ;> nkhu P\ pa] py ; xj ;j pitf ;fg ;gl;l ~` pe ;j p ahj ;uh| vd ;W jiyg ;g plg ;gl;l ghl;L kw ;Wk ; ehl;ba e pfo ;r ;r pAk ; eilngw ;wJ. ,e ;j e pfo ;r ;r pia cUthf ;f paj pYk ;> toq ;f paj pYk ; nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;ru ; Rtuh[ ; mtu ;fs pd ; t piykj pg ;gw ;w gq ;F mlq ;f pAs ;sJ. MNyhridf ; FOt pd ; ,Wj p mku ;t py ;> ,e ;j pa nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;ru ; mtu ;fs ; 12tJ t p\ ;t ` pe ;j p rk N; ksdk ; 2021-y ; g p[ pa py ; eilngWk ; vd ;w mj pfhug G; +u ;t mw pt pg ;g pid nts pa pl;lhu ;. vj pu ;tUk ; khehL ,ijt pl Kf ;f paj ;Jtk ; tha ;e ;jjhf ,Uf ;Fk ; vd mtu ; cWj pas pj ;jhu ;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 9 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

$l;LwT

fyhr;rhuk;

nfhupaf; Fbaurpd; mjpgu;> jpU. %d; N[-apd;> ,uz;L ehs; muR Kiwg; gazkhf> 2018 [_iy 8 Kjy; 11 tiu ,e;jpahtpw;F te;jhu;. mtu;> ,e;j gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; mikjp kw;Wk; tsk; rhu;e;j njhiyNehf;Fg; ghu;itapidg; GFj;Jtjpy; ghujg; gpujku; jpU eNue;jpu NkhbAld; jd;id ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhu;

gu];gu tsk; kw;Wk; mikjpf;fhd gfpu;e;Jnfhs;sg;gl;l njhiyNehf;Fg; ghu;itapid epWTtjw;fhf> nfhupaf; Fbaurpd; mjpgu;> jpU. %d; N[-apd;> 2018 [_iy 8 Kjy; 11 tiu ,e;jpahtpw;F muR Kiwg;gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. ,e;jpahitg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> mjDila njd;fpof;F kw;Wk; fpof;fhrpa ehLfSldhd tu;j;jf kw;Wk; ghJfhg;Gf; nfhs;ifapy; (Mf;l; <];l; ghyprp) nfhupaf; FbauR xU Kf;fpakhd gq;Fjhuu; MFk;. nfhupaf; Fbauirg; nghWj;jtiuapy; mjd; njd;fpof;F Mrpah kw;Wk; Vrpad; (ASEAN) ehLfSldhd cwT Fwpj;j nfhs;ifapy; (epA+ rju;d; ghyprp) ,e;jpah xU Kf;fpakhd J} z; MFk;. vdNt> ,U ehLfSk; ,Ujug;G $l;Lg; gq;fhz;ikapid ngupa mstpy; kjpg;gpLfpd;wd kw;Wk; ,e;jg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; mikjp> ];jpuj;jd;ik kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ghd R+o;epiy epyTtjw;fhd mtw;wpd; gq;fspg;gpid mq;fPfupf;fpd;wd. Mg;fhdp];jhdpy; jpwd; mjpfupg;gjw;fhd Kd;Kaw;rpfs; vLg;gjpypUe;J njhlq;fp Kj;jug;G $l;Lg; gq;fhz;ik Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Ma;T nra;tJ Fwpj;Jk; ,U jiytu;fSk; tpthjpj;jdu;. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 10 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

ghujg ; g pujku ; eNue ;j pu Nkhb mtu ;fSk ; nfhu pa mj pgu ; N[-a pd ; mtu ;fSk ;> jiytu ;fs ; kl;lj ;j pyhd ,ila PlL ; re ;j pg ;g pid mj pfu pf ;f xg G; f n ; fhz ;lJld ;> gu] ;gu xj ;Jiog G; kw ;Wk ; eyd ; rhu ;e ;j NkYk ; gy gFj pfisf ; fz ;lw ptjd ; %yKk ; jw N; ghJs ;s Ngr ;Rthu ;j ;ij nrayikTj ; j pl;lj ;j pid Kiwg ;gLj ;Jtjd ; %yKk ; njhlu ;g pid t pu pTgLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;j mtu ;fsJ nghWg ;g pidAk ; cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdu ;. ,e ;j pah kw ;Wk ; nfhu paf ; Fbaur pw ;F ,ilNaahd r pwg G; j ; j pl;lKiw (Nghu ;j ;j pwQ ;rhu ;e ;j) $l;L g ; gq ;fhz ;ikahdJ> ,U ehLfSk ; gf pu ;e ;J nfhs ;Sk ; fyhr ;rhu kw ;Wk ; tuyhw ;Wg ; g pizg G; fs ;> kw ;Wk ; [dehafj ;j pd ; k j P hd cyfsht pa kj pg G; > rl;lj ;j pd ; Ml;r p> Rje ;j pukhd re ;ijg ; nghUshjhuk ;> kw ;Wk ; e piyahd> mikj pahd> Rje ;j pukhd> ghJfhg ;ghd> cs ;slf ;f pa> j pwe ;j kw ;Wk ; t pj pfs ; rhu ;e ;j g puhe ;j paj ;j pw ;fhd mtu ;fsJ nghWg G; k J P vOg ;gg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. vj pu ;fhyj ;ij Nehf ;f pa ghu ;itAld ;> ,UehLfSk ; xj ;Jiof ;fg ; nghWg N; gw ;Wf ; nfhz L ; s ;sd.

NkNy: ghujg; gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb> nfhupaf; Fbaurpd; mjpgu; %d; N[-apd;id i`juhghj; ,y;yj;jpy; [{iy 10 md;W re;jpf;fpwhu;. tyJ: gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; mjpgu; N[-apd;> epA+by;ypapy; cs;s fhe;jp ];k;upjpf;F tUif jUfpwhu;fs;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 11 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,e;jpah kw;Wk; nfhupaf; Fbaurpw;F ,ilNaahd rpwg;Gj; (Nghu;j;jpwQ;rhu;e;j) jpl;lKiw $l;Lg; gq;fhz;ikahdJ> ,U ehLfSk; gfpu;e;J nfhs;Sk; fyhr;rhu kw;Wk; tuyhw;Wg; gpizg;Gfs; kPJ vOg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ

kf;fs; ,U ehLfSf ;f pilNaahd fyhr ;rhu kw ;Wk ; tuyhw ;Wg ; g pizg G; fs ; k pfTk ; gykhf cs ;sjhy ;> kf ;fNshL kf ;fSf ;fhd njhlu G; %yk ; gu] ;gu Gu pjiy t pu pTgLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;J ,U jiytu ;fshYk ; ty pAWj ;jg ;gl;lJ. cs ;s pUg G; g ; ga pw ;r pfs ;> ,isQu ; gu pkhw ;wj ; j pl;lq ;fs ;> Rw ;Wyh kw ;Wk ; t pahghuj ;j pid Cf ;Ft pg ;gjw ;fhd vs pikg ;gLj ;jg ;gl;l t prh eltbf ;iffs ; cl;gl ,U ehl;L Fbkf ;fisAk ; neUf ;fkhff ; nfhz L ; tUtjw ;fhd Kd ;Kaw ;r pfs ; Fw pj ;J t pthj pf ;fg ;gl;lJ. ,UehLfs pd ; gf pu ;e ;J nfhs ;sg ;gl;l ghuk ;gu paj ;j pid xg G; f n ; fhs ;tJld ;> ,U ehLfSk ; ,ize ;J nra A ; k; Kd ;Kaw ;r pahf> mNahj ;j paht py ; cs ;s ,stur p R+u puj ;dht pd ; e pidTr ;r pd ;dj ;ij (`u ; ` ;thq ;-Xf ); Nkk ;gLj ;Jtjw ;fhd Ntiyfis t piuTgLj ;j ,U ehLfSk ; xj ;Jf n ; fhz ;ld.

tsik

NkNy kw;Wk; fPNo: mjpgu; N[-apd; kw;Wk; mtuJ kidtp> ehl;bd; jiyefupYs;s mf;\u;jhk; NfhapYf;F tUif jUfpwhu;fs;; [{iy 10 md;W epA+by;ypapy; eilngw;w ,e;jpa-nfhupaf; FbauRfspd; jiyik epu;thf mjpfhupfspd; tl;lNki[ kd;wj;jpy; gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; mjpgu; N[-apd; MfpNahu;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 12 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

gu] ;gu tsik kw ;Wk ; ey ;tho ;it ty pAWj ;JtJld ;> ghujg ; g pujku ; Nkhb mtu ;fSk ; nfhu pa mj pgu ; N[a pd ; mtu ;fSk ; ,e ;j pah kw ;Wk ; nfhu paf ; Fbaur pw ;f pilNaahd ,Ujug G; tu ;j ;jfj ;j pid t pu pTgLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;Jk ; ty pAWj ;j pdhu ;fs ;. nfhu paf ; FbauR kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j paht pw ;f pilNaahd t pu pthd nghUshjhu $l;L g ; gq ;fhz ;ik cld ;gbf ;ifa pid (fhk ;g ;un`d ;r pt ; vfdhk pf ; ghu ;l;du ;\pg ; mf ;u Pnkd ;l;)

mjpgu; N[-apd;> ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytu; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;ij> [dhjpgjp khspifapy; re;jpf;fpwhu;.

,e;jpah mZ MAjq;fs; toq;Fgtu;fs; FOtpd; cWg;gpduhf ,Ug;gjhy;> mJ ru;tNjr MAjf;Fiwg;Gg; Nghf;fpid tYthf;Fk; vd gpujku; Nkhb njuptpj;jhu; Nkk ;gLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;J jw N; ghJ nrd ;Wnfhz ;bUf ;Fk ; Ngr ;Rthu ;j ;ijfis rf P ;f puk ; KbTf ;F nfhz L ; tUtJ gw ;w pAk ; mtu ;fs ; NkYk ; t pthj pj ;jhu ;fs ;. ,e ;j pa mur pd ; nts pAwTj ; Jiw mikr ;rfj ;j pd ; gj ;j pu pif nts pa Pl;bd ;gb> mtu ;fs ; NkYk ; Nkk ;gLj ;jg ;gl;l t pu pthd nghUshjhu $l;L g ; gq ;fhz ;ik cld ;gbf ;iff ;F to ptFf ;Fk ; Ju pj mWtilj ; njhFg ;g pd ; $Wfis ,Wj p nra ;tJ Fw pj ;Jk ; Ngr pf ; nfhz ;lhu ;fs ;. $l;L e pWtdq ;fis Cf ;Ft pf ;fTk ;> Kjy Pl;bidg ; ngUf ;fTk ;> nfhu paf ; FbauR

kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j paht pw ;f pilNaahd ,Ujug G; tu ;j ;jfj ;j pid 2030-y ; 50 g py ;y pad ; lhyuhf cau ;j ;Jtjw ;fhd ,yf ;f pid miltjw ;fhd Kaw ;r pfis Nkw n ; fhs ;sTk ;> ,Uehl;L g ; nghUshjhuj ;j pw ;Fk ; ,ilNaahd e pug G; j ;jd ;ikahy ; cUthFk ; re ;ju ;g ;gq ;fisj ; Njbg n ; gw ,U ehLfs pYKs ;s tu ;j ;jf r%fj ;j pdiu ,Ujiytu ;fSk ; tw G; Wj ;j pdhu ;fs ;. "gu] ;gu nghUshjhu tsu ;r ;r pa pid vl;lTk ;> cyfsht pa nghUshjhu tsu ;r ;r pf ;F gq ;fs pf ;fTk ; xUtUtUld ; xUtu ; $l;L Nru" ghujg ; g pujkUk ; nfhu pa mj pgUk ; NkYk ; xg G; f ; nfhz ;ldu ;. ,jd n ; ghUl;L > ",e ;j paht py ; cw ;gj ;j p nra ; (Nkf ; ,d ; ,e ;j pah)"> ",yf ;fKiw ,e ;j pah (b[ pl;ly ; ,e ;j pah)"> "j pwd ; ,e ;j pah (] ;f py ; ,e ;j pah)"> "njhlf ;f ,e ;j pah (] ;lhu ;l;-mg ; ,e ;j pah)" kw ;Wk ; "Rl;b efuq ;fs ; (] ;khu ;l; r pl;B] ); " Nghd ;w Kd ;Kaw ;r pfs ; mtw ;w pd ; eilKiwg ;gLj ;Jjy py ; gq N; fw ;f nfhu paf ; Fbaur pd ; t pUg ;gj ;j pid tuNtw ;Ws ;sd. nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;rf nts pa Pl;bd ;gb> ,e ;j paht pd ; cs ;fl;likg G; j ; Jiwa pid

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 13 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

NkYk ; Nkk ;gLj ;Jk ; t pjkhf EDCF (nfhu paht pd ; nghUshjhu tsu ;r ;r p $l;L wT e pj p)-d ; rhj ;j pakhd j pl;lq ;fs ; Fw pj ;J t pthj pf ;f ,U jiytu ;fSk ; NkYk ; xj ;Jf n ; fhz ;ldu ;.

mikjp ,e ;jg ; g puhe ;j paj ;j pd ; mikj p kw ;Wk ; Nguo pT cz ;lhf ;ff ;$ba MAjq ;fs pd ; gutiyj ; jLj ;jy ; Mf patw ;w pd ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtj ;j pid ty pAWj ;Jk ; t pjkhf> Av] ;-bg pMu N; f cr ;r p khehL kw ;Wk ; nfhu pahf ;fSf ;f pilNaahd cr ;r p khehL cl;gl nfhu paf ; Fbaur pdhy ; Vw ;gLj ;jg ;gl;l rk Pgj ;j pa Neu ;kiwahd Kd N; dw ;wq ;fis g pujku ; Nkhb kw ;Wk ; mj pgu ; N[-a pd ; tuNtw ;wdu ;. mj pgu ; N[-a pd ;> cyfsht pa MAjf ; Fiwg G; eltbf ;iffs py ; ,e ;j paht pd ; gq ;fs pg ;ig xg G; f n ; fhz ;lhu ;. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 14 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j pah mZ MAjq ;fs ; toq ;Fgtu ;fs ; FOt pd ; cWg ;g pduhdhy ;> mJ ru ;tNjr MAjf ;Fiwg G; g ; Nghf ;f pid tYthf ;f ghLgLk ; vd g pujku ; Nkhb cWj pas pj ;jhu ;. NkYk ;> nfhu pag ; NghUf ;Fg ; g pwfhd mikj p eltbf ;if cl;gl ,e ;jg ; g puhe ;j paj ;j py ; mikj piag ; NgZtj py ; tUlf ;fzf ;f py ; cs ;s ,e ;j paht pd ; gq ;f pid nfhu pa mj pgu ; xg G; f n ; fhz ;lhu ;. nts pAwTj ;Jiwa pd ; nts pa Pl;bd ;gb> "xUtUf n ; fhUtu ; cs ;s jd pg ;gl;l nray ; ty ;yik kw ;Wk ; mDgtj ;j py pUe ;J gad n ; gw VJthf> ghJfhg G; kw ;Wk ; (Nghu ;j ;j pwQ ;rhu ;e ;j) j pl;lKiw nraw ;fsj ;j py ; ,U ehLfs pd ; Kaw ;r pfis xUq ;f pizf ;f NkYk ; cs ;s rhj ;j paf ; $Wfs ; Fw pj ;J Muha" ,U ehLfSk ; xj ;Jf n ; fhz ;ld. ,e ;j pah kw ;Wk ; nfhu paf ; FbauR> ,e ;j ,yf ;f pid Nehf ;f p>

,lJ: gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; mjpgu; N[-apd;> neha;lhtpy; cs;s kpd;dZ epWtdj;jpd; Gjpa cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;rhiyia $l;lhf jpwe;J itf;fpwhu;fs;. NkNy: ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh Rtuh[;> mjpgu; N[-apd;id> [{iy 9 md;W re;jpf;fpwhu;.

"GJikahd njho py E ; l;gq ;fs ; cl;gl> ,uhZtg ; gu pkhw ;wq ;fs ;> ga pw ;r p kw ;Wk ; mDgtg ; gf pu ;T> kw ;Wk ; Muha ;r ;r p kw ;Wk ; Nkk ;ghL Mf patw ;iw gu] ;gu eyDf ;fhf mj pfu pf ;Fk ;." tsik kw ;Wk ; ghJfhg G; Mf patw ;w pw ;f pilNaahd njhlu ;g pidf ; Fw pg ;g pl;L > fly ; kw ;Wk ; thd ;to p gazj ;j pw ;fhd Rje ;j puk ; kw ;Wk ; jilaw ;w rl;lG +u ;tkhd tz pfk ; Fw pj ;j mtu ;fsJ nghWg ;g pidAk ; ,U jiytu ;fSk ; ty pAWj ;j pdhu ;fs ;.

cu pa ; g pujku ; Nkhb "nfhu pah-,e ;j pah vj pu ;fhy j pl;lKiwf ; FO" kw ;Wk ; "Muha ;r ;r p kw ;Wk ; GJik $l;L wTf ;fhd ,e ;j pa-nfhu pah ikak "; Mf patw ;iw e pWTtjw ;fhd ,e ;j paht pd ; Kbt py ; ek ;g pf ;if nju pt pj ;jhu ;. ,J> ,e ;j tUifa pd N; ghJ

ifnaOj ;j plg ;gl;l gy Gu pe ;Jzu ;T xg ;ge ;jq ;fSld ; Nru ;e ;J> Muha ;r ;r p> GJik kw ;Wk ; njho py ;KidT mbg ;gila py ; ekJ vj pu ;fhyk ; rhu ;e ;j xj ;Jiog G; f ;fhd xU e pWtd fl;likg ;ig toq ;Fk ; vdf ; Fw pg ;g pl;lhu ;. ,U ehLfs pYKs ;s mw pt pay ; e pWtdq ;fSk ;> fy ;t pa pay ; r%fk ; kw ;Wk ; ,isa njho pw ;gz ;gl;ltu ;fSk ;> Muha ;r ;r p kw ;Wk ; Nkk ;ghL kw ;Wk ; mDgtg ; gf pu ;T Mf patw ;w py ; $l;L g ;gz pfs py ; <LgLkhW ,U jiytu ;fSk ; Cf ;Ft pj ;jdu ; vd nts pAwTj ;Jiw nts pa Pl;by ; nju pt pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. ,J> nghUs ; mw pt pay ;> GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f Mw ;wy ;> ve ;j pud pay ;> Rfhjhu mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; nghw pa pay ; Nghd ;w Jiwfs ; cl;gl ,izj pw tho ;Tj ;j pwKila Nkk ;ghl;Lf ;fhd Gj pa njho py E ; l;gq ;fis cUthf ;f mtu ;fSf ;F cjTk ;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 15 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,e;jpa juprdk; | 16 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

Mg;gpupf;fhTf;fhf

,e;jpah %d;W Mg;gpupf;f ehLfSf;F Ie;J ehl;fs; Kf;fpa muR Kiwg; gazq;fs; Nkw;nfhz;L> ,e;j fz;lj;Jld; R%fkhd J}juf cwtpid tpupTgLj;Jtjpy; ,e;jpahtpw;F cs;s nghWg;gpid gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb cWjpgLj;jpdhu;

Mg;gpupf;f ehLfSldhd ,e;jpahtpd; ,jkhd el;Gwtpid tYg;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf> 2018 [{iy 23 Kjy; 27 tiu gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb Uthz;lh> cfhz;lh kw;Wk; njd;dhg;gpupf;fhtpw;F muRKiwg; gazq;fs; Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. ,e;jpah kw;Wk; Mg;gpupf;f ehLfSf;fpilNa tu;j;jfk; kw;Wk; Ntshz;ik Nghd;w gy Jiwfspy; fle;j Ie;J tUlq;fshf jPtpu <LghL fhzg;gl;lJ kw;Wk; ,e;j gazq;fs; xj;Jiog;ghd kdepiyia kPz;Lk; cWjpgLj;jpd.

Uthz;lh xU ,e ;jpag ; g pujku ; Kjd ;Kiwahf Uthz ;lht pw ;F tUfpwhu ; vd ;gijf ; Fw pf ;Fk ; tifa py ;> g pujku ; Nkhb ,e ;j ehl;bw ;F [{iy 23-k ; Njjp> xU cau ;kl;l g pujpepjpfs ; FOTld ; te ;JNru ;e ;jhu ;. Uthz ;lht pd ; mjpgu ; ghy ; ffhNkAld ; mtu ; elj ;jpa xUtUf n ; fhUtu ; Nkw n ; fhs ;Sk ; ,ila Pl;L epfo ;r ;r pAk ;> ,Ujug G; g pujpepjpfs ; FO kl;lj ;jpyhd Ngr ;Rthu ;j ;ijAk ;> mtuJ epfo ;r ;r p epuypy ; Kjd ;ikahdJ. ,e ;j re ;jpg ;g pd N; ghJ> ,U

,lJ: Uthz;lh> fpNrhrpapy; cs;s fpfhyp ,dg;gLnfhiy epidTr; rpd;dj;jpy; ghujg; gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb. tyJ: gpujku; NkhbAk; Uthz;lhtpd; mjpgu; ffhNkTk; (,lkpUe;J VohtJ) upNtU khjpup fpuhkj;jpw;F tUif jUfpwhu;fs;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 17 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

ehLfSf ;fpilNaahd (Nghu ;j ;jpwQ ;rhu ;e ;j) jpl;lKiwg ; gq ;fhz ;ika pid jiytu ;fs ; kWMa ;T nra ;jdu ;. Uthz ;lhTldhd mjDila cwTfSf ;F ,e ;jpah ms pf ;Fk ; Kf ;fpaj ;Jtj ;ij g pujku ; Nkhb typAWj ;jpdhu ;. Uthz ;lht py ; fy ;t pj ;Jiwf ;F ngUkst py ; gad ;juj ;jf ;f nrayhf ;ff ;FO> ,yf ;fKiwf ; fy ;t pj ; Jiwa py ; mikf ;fg ;gLnkd mtu ; NkYk ; mw pt pj ;jhu ; vd ,e ;jpa murhq ;fj ;jpd ; nts pAwTj ;Jiwa pd ; gj ;jpu pf ;if nts pa PL nju pt pf ;fpwJ. ,e ;jpaht py ; cs ;s fy ;t p Muha ;r ;r p kw ;Wk ; ga pw ;r pf ;fhd Njr pa fTd ;r pypypUe ;J 100 ;>000 Gj ;jfq ;fis Uthz ;lhTf ;F md ;gs pg ;ghf toq ;FtJ kw ;Wk ; ghlg n ; ghUl;fis ,yf ;fKiwg ;gLj ;Jtjw ;F Njitahd Mjuts pg ;gJ vd ;gJ kw n ; whU Kf ;fpakhd mw pt pg ;ghFk ;. gUtfhy khw ;wk ;> gaq ;futhjk ; kw ;Wk ; epiyahd mg pt pUj ;jp Nghd ;w cyfsht pa

cfhz;lhtpd; mjpgu; NahNtup fhFlh KRNtzpAld; gpujku; Nkhb.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 18 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

g pur ;r pidfis jpwk ;gl ifahStjw ;F> If ;fpa ehLfs ; kw ;Wk ; ,ju gd ;Kf epWtdq ;fs py ; ,e ;jpah kw ;Wk ; Uthz ;lhTf ;fpilNaahd xj ;Jiog ;ig t pu pTgLj ;JtJ epkpj ;jkhd mtu ;fSila nghWg ;g pid ,U jiytu ;fSk ; k z P ;Lk ; cWjpgLj ;jpdhu ;fs ;. re ;jpg ;g pw ;Fg ; g pwF> mjpgu ; ffhNk r pwg G; t pUe ;js pj ;jhu ;. mjpy ; Uthz ;lht pd ; Nky ;kl;lj ; jiytu ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; me ;j ehl;by ; cs ;s ,e ;jpar ; r%fj ;jpd ; Kf ;fpa cWg ;g pdu ;fs ; fye ;J nfhz ;ldu ;. mtuJ tUifa pd ; ,uz ;lhtJ ehs ;> ,e ;jpag ; g pujku ;> fpfhyp ,dg ;gLnfhiy epidTr ; r pd ;dj ;jpw ;F (fpfhyp n[NdhirL nkNkhu paYf ;F) tUif je ;J> 1994 -k ; Mz ;L ,dg ;gLnfhiya py ; gypahNdhUf ;F ku pahij nrYj ;Jk ; tifa py ; kyu ; tisak ; itj ;jhu ;. Uthz ;lht py ; cs ;s nghUshjhu mst py ; g pd ;jq ;fpa r%fj ;jpdiu Kd N; dw ;w j Pl;lg ;gl;l xU r%fg ; ghJfhg G; j ; jpl;lkhd fpu pq ;fh

tyJ: cfhz;lhtpy; eilngw;w tpohf;Nfhy tuNtw;gpy; gpujku; Nkhb. fPNo: [{iy 25-k; ehsd;W cfhz;lhtpd; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gpujku; Nkhb ciuahw;Wfpwhu;.

jpl;lj ;jpd ; f o P ; mjpgu ; ffhNka pd ; Kd ;Kaw ;r pahd u pNtU khjpu p fpuhkj ;jpw ;Fk ; mtu ; tUif je ;jhu ;. ,e ;j tUifa pd N; ghJ> ghJfhg G; > tu ;j ;jfk ;> ghy ;gz ;iz> $l;LwT> fyhr ;rhuk ; kw ;Wk ; Ntshz ;ikj ; Jiwfs ; rk ;ge ;jg ;gl;l xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ; cl;gl vl;L ,Ujug G; Gu pe ;Jzu ;T xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ; ifnaOj ;jplg ;gl;ld.

cfhz;lh g pujku ; Nkhb Kjy ; Kiwahf cfhz ;lhTf ;F [{iy 24 Kjy ; 25 tiu> %j ;j muR mYtyu ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ngu pa thz pgg ; g pujpepjpfs ; mlq ;fpa FOTld ; tUifGu pe ;jhu ;. ,jkhd t pohf N; fhykhd tuNtw ;g pidg ; ngw ;wg pwF> cfhz ;lht pd ; mjpgu ; NahNtu p fhFlh KRNtz pAld ; ,Ujug G; t pthjq ;fs ; elj ;jr ; nrd ;whu ;. ,e ;jpah kw ;Wk ; cfhz ;lhTf ;fpilNaahd nghUshjhu kw ;Wk ; tz pf cwTfis tYg ;gLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;j mtu ;fsJ nghWg ;g pid ,U jiytu ;fSk ; cWjpgLj ;jpdu ;. Fw pg ;ghf> gu] ;gu tu ;j ;jf cwTfis t pu pTgLj ;j> gytifahd gutyhd tu ;j ;jfk ; Nkw n ; fhs ;tJ kw ;Wk ; jd pahu ; R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 19 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

Mg;gpupf;fhTldhd ,e;jpahtpd; <LghL 10 nfhs;iffshy; njhlu;e;J topelj;jg;gLk;: • xd;W> ekJ Kd;Dupikfspy; Mg;gpupf;fh Kjd;ikahdjhFk;. Mg;gpupf;fhTld; njhlu;e;J jPtpu kw;Wk; Mokhd <LghL nfhs;Nthk;. ehk; fhz;gpj;jthW> mJ epiyahfTk;> tof;fkhdjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. • ,uz;L> ekJ tsu;r;rpf;fhd gq;fhz;ik cq;fsJ Kd;Dupikfshy; topelj;jg;gLk;. mJ cq;fSf;F trjpahd tpjpKiwfspYk;> cq;fsJ rhj;jpaf;$Wfis tpLtpg;gjhfTk;> cq;fsJ vjpu;fhyj;ij fl;Lg;gLj;jhjjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. ehq;fs; Mg;gpupf;fu;fspd; jpwik kw;Wk; jpwd;fspy; ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUg;Nghk;. ehq;fs; Kbe;jsT cs;Shu; jpwd; tsu;f;fTk;> Kbe;jsT cs;Shu; re;ju;g;gq;fis cUthf;fTk; nra;Nthk;. • %d;W> ehq;fs; vq;fsJ re;ijfisj; jpwe;J itj;jpUg;Nghk; kw;Wk; ,e;jpahTld; tu;j;jfk; Gupa VJthf mjid vspjhfTk;> ftu;r;rpfukhfTk; Mf;FNthk;. vq;fsJ njhopy;Jiw Mg;gpupf;fhtpy; KjyPL nra;a ehq;fs; Mjutspg;Nghk;. • ehd;F> ,yf;fKiwg; Gul;rpAldhd ,e;jpahtpd; mDgtj;jpid Mg;gpupf;fhtpd; tsu;r;rpf;F Mjutspf;fTk;> nghJr;Nritaspg;gpid Nkk;gLj;jTk;> fy;tp kw;Wk; Rfhjhukspf;fTk;> ,yf;fKiw fy;tpawptpidg; gug;gTk;> epjpr; Nru;j;jiy tpupTgLj;jTk;> kw;Wk; xJf;fg;gl;ltu;fis Kf;fpag;gLj;jTk; gad;gLj;JNthk;. ,J If;fpa ehLfspd; ePbj;j Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhd vq;fSila gq;fhz;ik kl;Lkpd;wp> ,yf;fKiw Afj;jpy; mtu;fsJ ,lj;jpw;fhf Mg;gpupf;fhtpd; ,isQu;fis rpj;jg;gLj;Jtjw;FkhFk;. • Ie;J> cyfpd; rhFgb epyj;jpy; 60 rjtPjk; Mg;gpupf;fhtpy; cs;sJ. Mdhy; cyfshtpa cw;gj;jpapy; 10 rjtPjk; kl;LNk ,q;F cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ. Mg;gpupf;fhtpd; Ntshz;ikia Nkk;gLj;j ehq;fs; cq;fSld; Nru;e;J gzpahw;WNthk;. • MW> gUtfhy khw;wj;jpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s rthy;fis ekJ gq;fhz;ik rkhspf;Fk;. rupahd ru;tNjr gUtepiyia cWjpgLj;jTk;> ekJ gy;Yapu;g;ngUf;fj;jpidg; ghJfhf;fTk;> kw;Wk; Rj;jkhd kw;Wk; jpwikahd Mw;wy; Mjhuq;fisg; gpd;gw;wTk; ehq;fs; Mg;gpupf;fhTld; ,ize;J gzpahw;WNthk;. • VO> gaq;futhjk; kw;Wk; jPtputhjj;jpid vjpu;g;gjpYk;> ekJ kpd;dk;gyj;jpid ghJfhg;ghfTk; gj;jpukhfTk; itj;jpUg;gjpYk;> kw;Wk; mikjpia Kd;ndLf;fTk; ghJfhf;fTk; If;fpa ehLfSf;F Mjutspg;gjpYk;> ekJ xj;Jiog;G kw;Wk; gu];gu jpwikfis ehq;fs; tYg;gLj;JNthk;. • vl;L> vy;yh ehLfSk; gad;ngWk; tifapy; ngUq;fly;fis Rje;jpukhf jpwe;J itj;jpUf;f Mg;gpupf;f ehLfSld; Nru;e;J ehq;fs; gzpahw;WNthk;. ,e;j cyfj;jpw;F xj;Jiog;Gjhd; Njitg;gLfpwJ> Mg;gpupf;fhtpd; fpof;Ff; flw;fiuapYk; fpof;F ,e;jpag; ngUq;flypYk; Nghl;bay;y. mjdhy;jhd; xj;Jiof;fpw kw;Wk; cs;slf;fpa> ,e;jg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; cs;s midtUf;Fk; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; tsu;r;rpapy; Nt&d;wpajhf> ,e;jpag; ngUq;flypd; ghJfhg;G gw;wpa ,e;jpahtpd; njhiyNehf;Fg; ghu;it cs;sJ. • xd;gJ> kw;Wk;> vdf;F ,J Fwpg;ghf Kf;fpak;: Mg;gpupf;fhtpy; cyfshtpa <LghL mjpfupg;gjhy;> Mg;gpupf;fh kPz;Lk; Nghl;b kdg;ghd;ikapd; fhl;rpf;$lkhf khwhjpUg;gijAk; Mdhy; Mg;gpupf;f ,isQu;fspd; mgpyhi\fSf;fhd ehw;wq;fhyhf tpsq;FtijAk; cWjpg;gLj;j ehk; midtUk; ,ize;J gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk;. • gj;J> ,e;jpahTk; Mg;gpupf;fhTk; fhydpj;Jt Ml;rpia vjpu;j;J NghuhbAs;sjhy;> Mg;gpupf;fh kw;Wk; ,e;jpahtpy; trpf;Fk; %d;wpy; xU gq;F khdplu;fSf;fhd Fuy; kw;Wk; gq;fpidf; nfhz;l Neu;ikahd> gpujpepjpj;Jt kw;Wk; [dehaf xOq;fpid cyfshtpa mstpy; ngw ehk; ,ize;J gzpahw;WNthk;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 20 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

N[h`d;];gu;f;fpy; eilngw;w 10tJ gpupf;]; cr;rp khehl;by; gpupf;]; ehLfspd; jiytu;fs;.

Jiw Kjy PLfis mjpfu pg ;gjw ;fhf gz pahw ;WtJ Fw pj ;J mtu ;fs ; Ngr pdhu ;fs ;. ,e ;j tUifa pd ; r pwg G; f ;$W> cfhz ;lht pd ; ghuhSkd ;wj ;jpy ; g pujku ; Nkhb epfo ;j ;jpa ciu. me ;j tifa py ;> xU ,e ;jpag ; g pujkuhy ; epfo ;j ;jg ;gl;l Kjy ; ciu ,J vd ;gJ Fw pg ;g plj ;jf ;fJ. mJ ,e ;jpaht pYk ; Mg ;g pu pf ;fht pYk ; Neubahf xs pgug ;gg ;gl;lJ. ',d ;W> ,e ;jpahTk ; Mg ;g pu pf ;fhTk ; vjpu ;fhyk ; Fw pj ;j xU ngu pa thf ;FWjpa pd ; Muk ;gj ;jpy ; epw ;fpd ;wd: ek ;g pf ;ifahd> ghJfhg ;ghd> ,sikahd> GJikahd kw ;Wk ; Mw ;wy ; tha ;e ;j kf ;fs ;. ,e ;j topa py ; cfhz ;lh Mg ;g pu pf ;fht pd ; xU cjhuzk ;. mjpfu pf ;Fk ; ghypd rkj ;Jtk ;> caUk ; fy ;t p kw ;Wk ; Rfhjhu juk ;> kw ;Wk ; t pu ptile ;j cs ;fl;likg G; kw ;Wk ; njhlu G; Mfpatw ;iw mJ fz ;Lnfhz ;bUf ;fpwJ. mJ xU

tsu ;e ;JtUk ; tu ;j ;jk ; kw ;Wk ; Kjy PLfs pd ; g puhe ;jpakhFk ;. GJika pd ; vOr ;r pa pid ehk ; fhz ;fpNwhk ;. ekJ Mo ;e ;j el;g pd ; g pizg G; fhuzkhf> xt n ; thU Mg ;g pu pf ;fd pd ; ntw ;w pa pYk ;> ,e ;jpaht py ; ehk ; fs pg ;gilfpNwhk "; vd Nkhb $w pdhu ;. mtuJ ,uz ;L ehs ; nrhw ;gfhythrj ;jpy ;> g pujku ; Nkhb gy Jiwfs py ; cfhz ;lhTld ; <LgLtJ Fw pj ;J mw pt pj ;jhu ;. ,J iey ; ejpa py ; kfhj ;kh fhe ;jpa pd ; m] ;jp fiuf ;fg ;gl;l ,lkhd [ pQ ;[ht py ; kfhj ;kh fhe ;jp khehl;L ghuk ;gu pa ikak ; mikg ;gjw ;fhd ,e ;jpaht pd ; gq ;fs pg G; kw ;Wk ; cfhz ;lh kf ;fs pd ; ghJfhg G; g ; gilf ;F (Ag pbvg ); gy N; tW ,e ;jpa ,uhZtg ; ga pw ;r p epWtdq ;fs py ; ga pw ;r p ms pg ;gJ Mfpatw ;w pid cs ;slf ;fpajhFk ; vd nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;rfj ;jpd ; nts pa PL nju pt pf ;fpwJ. fpof ;F Mg ;g pu pf ;fht py ; cfhz ;lht pd ; gq ;fpd ; Kf ;fpaj ;Jtj ;jpid xg G; f n ; fhz ;L> jw N; ghJ cfhz ;lhthy ; jiyikNaw ;fg ;gl;bUf ;Fk ; fpof ;F Mg ;g pu pf ;f

r%fj ;jpw ;F 929705 Av] ; lhyu ; epjp ms pg ;gjhf ghujg ; g pujku ; mw pt pj ;jhu ;. fpof ;F Mg ;g pu pf ;f r%fj ;jpd ; gad ;ghl;bw ;F 44 thfdq ;fSk ;> cfhz ;lh murhq ;fj ;jpd ; Fbikg ; gz pfSf ;F 44 thfdq ;fSnkd> me ;ehl;bw ;F 88 thfdq ;fis md ;gs pg ;ghf ms pg ;gjhfTk ; mtu ; mw pt pj ;jhu ;. mq ;fpUe ;J Gwg ;gLKd ;> mjpgu ; KrNtz pia ,e ;jpaht pw ;F tUkhW g pujku ; Nkhb miog G; t pLj ;jhu ;. mij mtu ; cldbahf Vw ;Wf ; nfhz ;lhu ;.

njd;dhg;gpupf;fh [{iy 25-ypUe ;J 27-tiua py ; g pujku ; Nkhb njd ;dhg ;g pu pf ;fh nrd ;wNghJ mtu pd ; epfo ;r ;r pepuypy ; Kd ;dz pa pypUe ;jJ gj ;jhtJ g pu pf ;] ; cr ;r pkhehlhFk ;. cr ;r p khehl;Lf ;fpila py ;> njd ;dhg ;g pu pf ;f mjpgu ; r pu py ; uhkNghrhTldhd xU ,Ujug G; ,ila Pl;L Ngr ;Rthu ;j ;ij kw ;Wk ; gq ;FngWk ; ehLfSldhd ,Ujug G; re ;jpg G; fs ; MfpaitAk ; jpl;lkplg ;gl;ld.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 21 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

nropg;Gf;fhf gpupf;];|I

cUthf;Fq;fs; njd; Mg;upf;fhtpd; N[h`d];gu;f; efupy; 10tJ gpupf;]; khehl;bw;fhf Ie;J gpupf;]; ehLfs; xd;whf $baJ. mq;F epfo;j;jg;gl;l tp\aq;fspd; fz;Nzhl;lj;ij mspf;fpNwhk; 'Mg;gpupf;fhtpy; gpupf;];: 4tJ njhopy;Gul;rpapy; $l;lhf xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l tsu;r;rp kw;Wk; tsikia gq;fpLjy" vd;w fUg;nghUspy; ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl;lJ 10tJ cr;rpkhehL njd ;Mg;upf;fhtpd; N[h`d];gu;f; efupy; [_iy 25 Kjy; 27> 2018 Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa ,e;jpa juprdk; | 22 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb kw;w gpupf;]; ehl;L jiytu;fSld; (gpNurpy;> u\;ah> ,e;jpah> rPdh kw;Wk; njd; Mg;upf;fh) njd; Mg;upf;fhtpd; jiyefupy; rz;l;ld; khehl;L ika muq;fpy; $b gy;NtW jug;gl;l ika nghUs;fspy; kw;Wk; gyiuAk; ghjpf;Fk; tp\aq;fs; gw;wp myrpdhu;fs;. kw;w tp\

gpupf;]; ehl;L jiytu;fs; mtu;jk; FLk;gj;jpdUld; njd; Mg;upf;fhtpd; N[h`d];gu;ff ; py; eilngw;w gpupf;]; vy;iy tpohtpy;.

aq;fspy; filrpahf Nru;f;fg;gl;lJ> ehd;fhtJ njhopy;Gul;rp> gyjug;gl;l kw;Wk; cyfshtpa MSik> MNuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; jLg;G+rpfs;> njhlu; tsu;r;rp> mikjpfhg;G> ngz;fSf;F r%f nghUshjhu mjpfhukspj;jy;. gpujku; Nkhb ,ju ehl;L jiytu;fs; gpuj;Naf mku;tpy; gq;F ngw;whu;fs;. filrp mku;T> jiytu;fspd; gpd;thq;fy;> Mg;upf;fh jiytu;fSld; mZfiy Kd;ndLj;J nry;tJ kw;Wk; njw;F cyfj;jiytu;fis mZfp Kd;ndLj;J nry;tJ.

N[h`d];gu;f; jPu;khdk; fle;j jrhg;jj;jpy; gpupf;]; mikg;G mile;j Kd;Ndw;wj;ij Kd;ndLj;J> gy;NtW Fwpg;gpljf;f rhjidfis jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;L> kw;w cWg;G ehl;L jiytu;fs;

FOthf gzpahw;Wtjpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; mtrpaj;ijAk; cWjpgl njuptpj;jhu;fs;. nfhs;iffis nfsutpf;Fk; tpjkhf gu];gu kupahij> ,iwahz;ik rkepiy> [dehafk; cs;slf;fpaJ kw;Wk; gygl;l ,izg;G N[h`d];gu;f; jPu;khdpj;jpd; Xu; mq;fkhf> cWjpG+z;Ls;s tp\aq;fis typAWj;jp mNj Neuj;jpy; gyjug;gl;l cwTfis gyg;gLj;jTk; cyf uh[Pa cwTfspy; rl;lgb elf;f kw;Wk; Neu;ik> epahakhd> rkepiyghl;Lld;> [dehaf kw;Wk; cyfshtpa gq;fspg;igAk; Kd;ndLj;J nry;yTk; jPu;khdkhdJ. gpupf;]; ngz;fs; FOkk; kw;Wk; ngz;fs; tu;j;jf $l;likg;G ,itfis tpiue;J mikf;fTk; mjd; nray;ghl;il mq;fPfupf;Fk; tpjj;jpYk; KbT vLf;fgl;lJ. 11tJ gpupf;]; khehL 2019Mk; Mz;L gpNurpypy; eilngw cs;sJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 23 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

Rje;jpuj;jpw;F

tzf;fk;

Mf];l; 15> 2018,y; 72 tJ Rje;jpu jpdj;ij Kd;dpl;L> ,e;jpah ehl;Lg;gw;WlDk; cj;Ntfj;JlDk; capu;ePj;j fjhehafu;fSf;F tPutzf;fk; nrYj;jpaJ ciu tpehaf; R+upa Rthkp

,e;jpa juprdk; | 24 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

,e;jpa gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb 72tJ Rje;jpu jpdj;jpy; Foe;ijfSld; ciuahLk; fhl;rp.

Rjj;jpuj;ij RUf;fkhf tptupj;jhy;> murpay; uPjpahf> Mf];l; 15> 1947 jhd; KbT jpdk;. mj;jpdNk murpay; uPjpahf Vfhjpgj;jpa rf;jpAld; Nghuhb ntw;wp <l;ba jpdk; mJNt ek; Rje;jpu jpdk;. Mdhy; Rje;jpuk; vd;gJ mfz;l fUj;J. mJNt cWjp kw;Wk; vd;Wk; cs;sJ my;y. Rje;jpuk; vd;gJ vg;nghOJk; ,aq;fpnfhz;L ,Uf;Fk; Kaw;rp. 1947 f;F gpwF gy jrhg;jq;fshf> ehk; xt;nthUtUk; Rje;jpu Nghul;l tPuiug;Nghy gq;fspf;fyhk;. ,jid ehk; kw;w rf ,e;jpau;fSf;F Rje;jpuk; toq;Ftjd; thapyhfTk; ehl;Lf;fhfTk; nra;ayhk;. midtUk; xd;wpize;J ehl;bYs;s xt;nthU FbkfDf;Fk; cjtyhk;. midtUk; Nru;e;J ekJ fhLfis fhf;fTk; ,aw;if tsq;fis fhf;fTk;> ekJ guhk;gupa rpd;dq;fis tUfhy re;jjpapdUf;fhf ghJfhf;fTk;> ekJ fpuhk kw;Wk; efu;Gw Nkk;ghl;Lf;fhd Gj;jhf;fj;ij mspf;fTk; nra;ayhk;. midtUk; xd;wpize;J tWik> fy;tp mwptpd;ik kw;Wk; ghFghl;il xopf;fyhk;. ghuj [dhjpgjp uhk;ehj; Nfhtpe;j; mtu;fspd; thu;j;ijNa ,jid cWjp nra;tJ Nghy Rj;jpu jpd nfhz;lhl;lk; ,e;jpahtpy; fle;j fhyj;jpy; epfo;e;j xU rk;gtkhf fUjhky;> xd;wpize;j ,e;jpahtpd; cd;djj;ij nfhz;lhLtJld; mjd; gd;Kfj;jd;ik kw;Wk; ,iwahz;ikia NgZtJ. ,e;ehNs ehL ngw;w tsu;r;rpia nfhz;lhLtJld; Kd;Ndwp nry;yTk; cWjp G+z Ntz;ba xd;W. ,e;j tUlj;jpa nfhz;lhl;lk; ehl;bd; jiyefupy; ekJ ghuj gpujku; nrq;Nfhl;ilapy; eilngw;w ,uhZt mzptFg;ig Vw;Wf;nfhz;L ghu;itapl;lJld; njhlq;fpaJ. ,uhZtj;jpy; xU mjpfhup kw;Wk; 24 tPuu;fs; nfhz;l jiug;gil> fg;gw;gil> tpkhdg;gil kw;Wk; NghyPrhupd; mzptFg;Gld; ele;jJ. ,uhZtg;gil $u;f;fh iugps;]; 5tJ gl;lhypad; gq;Fngw;wJ. ,jid njhlu;e;J rk;gpujha Kiwg;gb ,e;jpa ehl;bd; nfhbia Vw;wpa epfo;T 21 Fz;Lfs; Koq;f ele;jJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 25 |

,e;j Rje;jpu jpdk; kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; 150tJ Mz;L nfhz;lhl;lj;ij neUq;fpa Ntiyapy;> mtuJ fUj;Jf;fisAk;> nfhs;iffisAk; gpd;gw;WNthk;. uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp

ehk; ,e;jpa Rje;jpu jpUehis ,zf;fkhd R+oypy; kw;Wk; gy;NtW rhjfkhd rk;gtq;fspd; njhlu;r;rpahf nfhz;lhLfpNwhk;. eNue;jpu Nkhb ,e;jpa gpujku;

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,e;jpah KOtjpYkhd nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

nfs`hjp> m];]hk; Rje;jpu tpohtpy; fyhrhu epfo;tpy; fye;J nfhs;Sk; ngz; xUtu; Gd;idiff;Fk; fhl;rp

Mf];l 15> 1947 Mk; Mz;L ehl;bd; Kjy; gpujk ke;jpup gz;bj [t`u;yhy; NeU mtu;fshy; Njr nfhb Vw;wg;gl;lJ. mJ tuyhw;W rpwg;G kpf;f Nfhl;ilapy; epfo;e;J> cyfpw;F giwrhw;wpaJ ,e;jpah xU Rje;jpu ehL. 2018 Mk; Mz;L> 71 tUlq;fSf;F gpwF ghuj gpujku; Nkhb mtu;fs; ehl;bd; Njrpa nfhbia Vw;wp itj;J ehl;L kf;fSf;F ciuahw;wpdhu;. gy;NtW jiytu;fis epidT $u;e;jNjhL> ehl;bw;fhd Rjj;jpuj;ij ngw;W je;j Rje;jpu Nghul;l tPuu;fisAk; Nghw;wpdhu;. ,e;j tUlj;jpa nfhz;lhlq;fspd; Kf;fpa tuyhw;W epfo;thf nrq;Nfhl;ilia KOtJkhf ghJfhf;f Kw;wpYk; kfspiu mq;fj;jpdu;fshf nfhz;l Rthl; FOtpdUf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;f rpwg;gk;rk;.

gpujkupd; ciu kfhftp Rg;ukzpa ghujpahupd; ftpijia Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;b ,e;jpah vy;yh

ml;lhup> gQ;rhg; ml;lhu p - thfh vy ;iy gFj pa py ; Rje ;j pu j pd t poh nfhz ;lhl;lj ;j py ; ,d pg G; fis gu pkhw pf ; nfhs ;f pd ;wdu ;

G+up> xbrh kzy ;r pw ;g p Rju ;\d ; gl;ehaf ; nfhz ;lhl;lj ;j pw ;fhf Vw ;gLj ;j pa jiyr pwe ;j r pw ;gk ;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 26 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

ehl;bd; Njrpa nfhbia nrq;Nfhl;ilapy; Vw;wp itj;J gpujku; Nkhb ghu;itahsu;fis ghu;j;J ifairj;jhu;.

nfhz;lhlj;jpd; xU gFjpahf ghuj gpujku; Nkhb ,uhZt mzptFg;ig ghu;itapLfpwhu;.

jilfisAk; cilj;J Rje;jpuj;ij cyfpw;F giwrhw;wpaJ vd;wJld;> ,e;jpa gpujku; ehL ,g;nghOJ Gjpa ek;gpf;ifAld; cj;Ntfk; mile;Js;sJ vd;whu;. mtuJ Ngr;rpy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f rhjidahd etpf;f rhfu; gupf;fpuk> cyifNa Ivd;v];tp jupzp vd;Dk; fg;gypy; tyk; te;j fg;gw;giliarhu;e;j MW ngz;fspd; rhjidiaAk;> kTz;l; vtnu];by; Njrpa nfhb Vw;wpa epfo;itAk; Fwpg;gpl;lhu;. vy;iy ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; fhty; Jiwapy; capu; ePj;jtu;fSf;F mQ;ryp nrYj;jpaJld;> [hypad;thyhghf; gLnfhiy rk;gtj;ij epidT $u;e;jNjhL> 2019 Mk; Mz;L mJ E}W tUlq;fis KOik nra;Ak; vd;gJld;> mjpy; capu; ePj;j midtUf;Fk; tPu tzf;fj;ij nrYj;jpdhu;. ,e;jpah cyfpy; 6 tJ ngupa nghUshjhuk; vd;W Fwpg;gpl;lJld;> ,e;jpa gy;NtW Jiwfspy; ngw;Ws;s tsu;r;rpia ntFthf ghuhl;bdhu;. ehl;by; gy;NtW

fpuhkq;fSf;F kpd; ,izg;G trjp nrd;wij ngUkpjj;Jld; Fwpg;gpl;lJld;> fopg;giwfs; fl;baJ> vy;gp[p ,izg;Gfs; ,d;dgpw. rkPg fhyq;fspy; muR Nkw;nfhz;l Fwpgplj;jf;f jPu;Tfis Fwpgpl;lhu;. [pv];b> tptrha nghUl;fSf;fhd tpiy epu;zak;> xU gjtp xU ngd;\d;> ehl;bd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F nfhLf;Fk; Kf;fpaJtj;ij gw;wpAk; $wpdhu;. mtuJ ciuapd; gpujhd mwptpg;G ffd;-ahd; gw;wpaJ. ,e;jpa tuyhw;wpy; Kjd;Kiwahf; tpz;ntspf;F kdpjid mDg;GtJ> ,J 2022 ,y; epiwNtWk; vd;whu;. mjd; njhopy;El;gk; cs;ehl;bNyNa cUthFk; vd;whu;. gpujku; Nkhb cyfpNyNa ,e;j rhjid Guptjpy; ,e;jpah 4tJ ehlhf jpfOk; vd;whu;.

[dhjpgjpapd; ciu kw;WnkhU Kf;fpa mwptpg;G gpujhd; ke;jpup [d; MNuhf;a mgpahd;> mJ ,e;j tUlk; nrg;lk;gu; 25,y; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. ,jd; %ykhf 10 Nfhb FLk;gj;jpdu; kUj;Jt

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 27 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,e;jpah KOtjpYkhd nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

fhg;gPl;L gyd;fis ngWtJld;> kUj;Jt cjtpahf tUlj;jpw;F 5 yl;rk; tiu gadiltu;. ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; ehl;bw;fhd Rje;jpu jpd ciuia nly;ypapy; cs;s jdJ uh\;bugjp gtdpy; ,Ue;J njhiyf;fhl;rp thapyhf epfo;j;jpdu;. gpujkiu NghyNt mtUk; ,e;jpa Rje;jpu Nghuhl;l jpahfpfis epidT $u;e;jJld;> ,t;thW $wpdhu;: ,e;j Mz;> ngz; ,U ghyUk; ijupak; kw;Wk; njhiyNehf;F ghu;it cs;stu;fs;. mtu;fs; ehl;bd; vy;yh gpuhe;jpaj;jpypUe;Jk; te;jtu;fs;> r%fj;jpd; vy;yh gpuptpdupYk;> vy;yh [hjp gpuptpYk; kw;Wk; r%f nghUshjhu FOf;fspYk; ,lk; ngw;wtu;fs;> mtu;fs; Ra yhgj;jpw;fhf rkurk; nra;J nfhz;L ,Uf;fyhk;> Mdhy; mt;thW nra;atpy;iy. mtu;fsJ ,e;jpahtpw;fhd mu;g;gzpg;G> xU Rje;jpu> ,iwahz;ik> gd;Kf kw;Wk; rkju;kj;ij Nehf;fpa KOikAilaJ. ehd; ,e;j Rje;jpu Nghul;l tPuu;fis nfsutpg;gjpy; mJTk; 'nts;isaNd ntspNaW" Mz;L tpoh ehshd Mf];l; 9,y; uh\;bugjp gtdpy; epfo;j;jpaij ctifAld; Fwpg;gpLfpNwd;. mtu; ,e;jpa ngz;kzpfSf;F tzf;fk; nrYj;jpaJld;> Njrj;jpd; r%f mikg;gpy; mtu;fspd; gq;fspg;ig cWjpAld;

nrd;id> jkpo;ehL nfhz;lhl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf khztp jdJ iffspy; rpj;jpuk; tiue;Js;shu; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifNahL el;Gld; tho Cf;Ftpf;fpwhu;

];uP efu;;> [k;K fh\;kPu; nfhz ;lhl;lj ;j pd ; xU gFj pahf N\u ;-,-fh\ ;k pu p muq ;f py ; fh\ ;k Pu ; ngz ;fs ; gq ;Fngw ;wdu ;

n[a;G+u;> uh[];jhd; Rje ;j pu j pd t poht py ; ehl;L g G; w fiyQu ;fs ; rtha ; khd ;r pq ; muq ;f py ; eldk ; Mbdu ; gpujku; Nkhbf;F kupahij fhtiy guprPypj;j ,e;jpa ghJfhg;G mjpfhupfs;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 28 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

,e;jpah KOtjpYkhd nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

nfhy;fj;jh> Nkw;F tq;fhsk; Rje;jpu jpd tpoh mzptFg;gpy; ngz; NghyPrhu; mzptFf;Fk; fhl;rp

Fwpg;gpLthjhf nrhd;dhu;. Rje;jpuj;jpd; gutyhf;fy; ekJ ehl;by; ngz;fspd; Rje;jpuj;jpd; gutyhfYld; gy;NtW jUzq;fspy; cWjpahdJ. mtu;fis ehk; jhaf> rNfhjupahf> kfs;fshf ghu;g;gjpYk; my;yJ jhq;fs; tpUk;gpa tho;f;ifia mtu;fs; Nju;e;njLj;J tho mtu;fSf;F cupj;jhd tha;g;Gfs; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ig cWjp nra;J mtu;fsJ jpwikia G+u;j;jp nra;J nfhs;sTk; cjTfpwJ. ,jid mtu;fs; FLk;gj;jpd; ,d;wpaikah flik Mw;Wtjd; %yKk; my;yJ ekJ cau; fy;tp epWtdq;fspYk;> ekJ njhopyhsu;fs; mfTk; Xu; jtpu;f;f Kbahj Eiotpy; cs;shu;fs;. mtu;fNs mjid Nju;T nra;J nfhs;syhk;. xU ehlhfTk;> rKjhakhfTk; mtu;fsJ cupikiaAk;> Nju;njLf;Fk; Rje;jpuj;ijAk; mspf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W cWjpgl njuptpj;jhu;. ehl;bd; ,isQu;fs; ',e;jpahtpd; ek;gpf;ifia" gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jtjhf mtu; fUj;Jj; njuptpj;jhu;. ,d;iwa ,sk; ,e;jpau;fis Cf;Ftpg;gjw;Fk;> Mjutspg;gjw;Fk;> ,e;jpah Rje;jpug; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; nfhs;iffis ,e;j ehL nfsutpg;gjhf mtu; cWjpgLj;jpdhu;.

,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; mizj;J kfspu; Rthl; FO nrq;Nfhl;ilapy; ghJfhg;Gg; gzpapy;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

my`ghj; (jw;NghJ g;u;ahf;uh[;) cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; Rje ;j pu j pdj ;j py ; khztu ;fs ; cUthf ;f pa kzy ; r pw ;gk ;

mfu;jyh> jpupGuh 72tJ Rje ;j pu j pUehs py ; gs ;s p khztu ;fs ; e pfo ;j ;j pa fhl;r p

2018

| 29 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

Mrpahtpd;

,ja gFjpapy; kj;jpa Mrpahtpy; ,e;jpahtpd; ,uh[je;jpu gpurd;dj;ij cWjpg;gLj;j> ,e;jpahtpd; ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[; %d;W Kf;fpa tp[aj;ij Mf];l; 2 Kjy; 5> 2018 tiu Nkw;nfhz;lhu;

,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[; M];jhdh> f[f];jhdpy; Mf];l; 2> 2018 md;W te;jJ

,e;jpa juprdk; | 30 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

f[f];jhd; Fbaurpy; Mf];l; 2 kw;Wk; 3 njhlq;fp> Mf];l; 3 kw;Wk; 4 ,y; fpu;fp]; FbauR nrd;wile;J filrpahf Mf];l; 4 kw;Wk; 5 ,y; mtuJ gazj;ij c];ngfp];jhd; Fbaurpy; Kbj;j ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[;> ,e;j tUlj;jpy; Kjd;Kiwahf kj;jpa Mrpahtpw;F muR Kiw gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. ,e;j tp[aq;fs; ,e;jpahtpd; Nkk;gl;l njhlu;ig ,e;j gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; vspjhf;Fk; Nehf;fk; nfhz;lit. gpuhe;jpa> cyfshtpa kw;Wk; ,Ujug;G njhlu;gpy; gu];gu ftiyfs; gw;wpa cs;shu;e;j fye;Jiuahly;fSf;F gy tha;g;Gfis toq;FtJld;> ,e;j tp[aq;fs; ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; mjd; ePl;bf;fg;gl;l mz;il ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd mjpfg;gbahd njhlu;Gfis Vw;gLj;j cjtpaJ.

f[f];jhd; ',e;jpa f[f];jhd; ehl;Lldhd el;Gwit cWjpg;gLJtij tpUk;GtNjhL NkYk; gyg;gLj;j tpiofpwJ" vd;W ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[;

f[f];jhdpy; ele;j gj;jpupifahsu; re;jpg;gpy; Fwpg;gpl;lhu;. ehl;bd; jiyefuhd m];jhdh nrd;W Nru;e;jTld;> mtu; me;ehl;L ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru;> ifuhl; mg;jf;\;kdTld; ,Ujug;G re;jpg;ig epfo;j;jpdhu;. ,e;j re;jpg;gpd; NghJ ,U jiytu;fSk; f[f];jhd; cld; ,ize;J ,e;jpahtpd; 'Gjpa jahupg;GfSf;fhd re;ijfis Muha;tjw;Fk;> ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd ghuk;gupa cw;gj;jpapy; tu;j;jfj;jpy; ,Ue;J NtWgl;L tu;j;jfj;jpw;F Gjpa Cf;fj;ij cl;nrYj;Jtjd;" Mu;tk; gw;wpAk; tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJ. Nkk;gl;l <Lghl;il tptrhak;> urhadk;> czT

f[f];jhd;> fpu;fp];jhd; kw;Wk; c];ngfp];jhd; Mfpa ehLfSf;F ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[; nrd;wJ mtupd; Kjy; kjpa Mrpahtpw;fhd tprakhFk;

,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[;> f[f];jhd; gpujk ke;jpup gf;fpl;] hd; rhfpe;Njit re;jpf;fpwhu;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 31 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

gjg;gLjy;> vuprf;jp kw;Wk; kUe;J Jiwapy; Nkw;nfhs;sTk; tpthjpf;fgl;lJ. mtuJ gj;jpupifahsu; mwpf;ifapy;> ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[; ,Uehl;L gpui[fspd; mZFKiwf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspg;gij cWjp nra;jhu;. mtu; Fwpg;gpl;L nrhy;Yk;NghJ ,e;jpah Vw;fdNt Rw;Wyhit cWjpAld; Nkk;gLj;jpajhy; f[f];jhd; ehl;ltu;fSf;F kpd;dZ tprh toq;FtJ ,e;j tUlk; gpg;utupapy; njhlq;fpaij Fwpg;gpl;lhu;. ,Uehl;L jiytu;fSk; jhq;fs; ,e;jpah kw;Wk; f[f];jhd; cwTfis Nkk;gLj;j cWjp G+z;Ls;sij njuptpj;jNjhL> uhZtk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G Jiwfspy;> Fwpg;ghf f[f];jhd; uhZt gil tPuu;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; mikjpfhg;G gzpapy; <Lgl;lijAk;> ,e;jpa ,uhZt gilgpuptpd; efUk; gapw;rp ika mq;fj;jpdu;fs; mykhjpapy; f[f];jhd; gapw;rpahsu;fsplk; gapw;rp Nkw;nfhz;lijAk; Fwpg;gpl;lhu;. ,U ehLfSk;> gy Mz;Lfshf ,Ujug;G kw;Wk; gyjug;gl;l cwTfspd;

ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh ];tuh[;> 2018-19 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd v];.rp.X. jiyik nghWg;ig fpu;fp]; FbauR Vw;gij ghuhl;bdhu; midj;J mk;rq;fspYk; xj;Jiog;ig Nehf;fpa xU gd;Kfg;gLj;jg;gl;l mZFKiwia mgptpUj;jp nra;Js;sd vd ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[; typAWj;jpdhu;. ,e;jpahTk; f[f];jhDk; 2009 ,y; ,Ue;J Gupe;Jzu;T kpf;f $l;lhspfs; Mtu;. ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; mtuJ tp[aj;jpd; NghJ> f[f];jhd; tho; ,e;jpau;fSld; fye;Jiuahbdhu;> gpwF frf; gpujk ke;jpup ghf;l;l;rhd; rhf;bNdit re;jpj;jhu;.

,lkpUe;J tykhf: ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[; fpu;fp]; ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; vu;yhd; mg;yNlt; cldhd re;jpg;G; ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[; fpu;fp]; FbauR [dhjpgjp> R+ud;Nga; [Pd;];nft; mtu;fis re;jpf;fpwhu;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 32 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh Rt ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[; c];ngfp];jhd; gpujk ke;jpup mg;Jy;yh mupNghit jh\;fz;by; re;jpf;fpwhu;

fpu;fp]; FbauR ,uz;L ehs; gazkhf fpu;fp];jhd; Fbaurpd; ,];]pf; Fy; gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; Nrhy;g; ml;lhit nrd;wile;j ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[;> me;ehl;L [dhjpgjp R+ud;Nga; [Pd;];nfit re;jpj;J gpd;du; me;ehl;L ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; vu;yhd; mg;yNlt; cld; 'jdpg;gl;l kw;Wk; ntspg;ilahd" gy;NtW njhlu; $l;lq;fis elj;jpdhu; vd;W ,e;jpa mikr;rfj;jpd; ntspAwTj;Jiw ntspapl;l nra;jp Fwpg;gpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;lJ. ,e;j re;jpg;Gfspd; NghJ> gy;NtW ,Ujug;G rpf;fy;fs; tpthjpfg;gl;lJld; jiytu;fSk; gy;NtW Jiwfspy; $l;lhf gzpGuptJ gw;wp tpthjpj;jhu;fs;. ntspAwTj;Jiw ntspapl;l Fwpg;gpy; 'murpay; kw;Wk; ghuhSkd;w gupkhw;wq;fs;> ,uhZtk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G> mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gk;> nghUshjhuk;> MNuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; Rw;Wyh [Jiwfs;]" Mfpait Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sd. 201819 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd v];.rp.X. jiytu; gjtpf;fhf fpu;fp];jhd; FbauRf;F ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; tho;j;Jf;fis njuptpj;jhu;. 2019 ,y; fpu;fp];jhdpy; eilngw cs;s v];.rp.X.

2019 Mk; Mz;by; v];.rp.X. cr;rpkhehl;il ntw;wpfukhd mikg;gpw;fhd KO MjuitAk; ,e;jpah mspf;Fk; vd;Wk; NkYk; ,ju $l;lq;fs; elj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;w ,e;jpahtpd; cWjpg;ghl;il mtu; cWjpg;gLj;jpdhu;.

c];ngfp];jhd; ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; jdJ kjpa Mrpa ehLfspd; tp[aj;jpd; ,Wjpahf lh];nfd;l;> c];ngfp];jhddpd; jiyefiu Mf];l; 4 ,y; nrd;wile;jhu;. mtuJ gazj;jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa mk;rkhf cs;shu;e;j fye;Jiuahliy gy;NtW tp\aq;fs; Fwpg;ghf tu;j;jfk;> nghUshjhuk;> ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; ,uhZtk;> Rfhjhuk;> tptrhak;> Rw;Wyh> kUe;Jfs;> fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; gytw;iw gw;wp me;ehl;L ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; mg;Jy;[P]; fkpy;t; cld; Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. c];ngfp];jhdpy; ,Ue;j nghOJ ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; ];tuh[;> ,e;jpatpayhsu;fs; kw;Wk; c];ngfp];jhd; tho; ,e;jpau;fSld; fye;Jiuahbdhu;. gpwF> mtu; Kd;dhs; ,e;jpa gpujku; yhy; gfJ}u; rh];jpupapd; epidtplj;jpy; kyu;tisak; itj;J kupahij nrYj;jpdhu;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 33 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

thzpgk; kw;Wk;

jpl;lKiw ,e;jpa-u\pa tUlhe;jpu ,Ujug;G cr;rpkhehl;bw;fhf> u\pa mjpgu; tpshbkpu; Gbd;> mf;Nlhgu; 5 ypUe;J 6 tiu> ,e;jpahTf;F Nkw;nfhz;l muRKiwg; gazk;> ,U ehLfSf;fpilNaahd ePbj;j (Nghu;j;jpwQ;rhu;e;j) jpl;lKiw kw;Wk; nghUshjhu cwTfis tYg;gLj;j cjtpaJ

epA+by;ypapy; cs;s i`juhghj; ,y;yj;jpy;> u\pa mjpgu; tpyhbkpu; GbDld; ghujg; gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhb

,e;jpa juprdk; | 34 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

,e;jpah kw;Wk; u\pahtpw;fpilNa Vw;fdNt cs;s R%fkhd ,Ujug;G cwTfSf;F Cf;fk; jUk; tifapy;> 19-tJ ,e;jpa-u\pa tUlhe;jpu ,Ujug;G cr;rpkhehl;by; fye;J nfhs;tjw;fhf> u\pa mjpgu; tpshbkpu; Gbd; mf;Nlhgu; 4 Kjy; 5 tiu ,e;jpahtpw;F muR Kiwg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. NkYk;> kw;w mYty;rhu;e;j re;jpg;GfSld; Nru;j;J> ghujg; gpujkUldhd mYty; rhu;e;j Ngr;Rthu;j;ij kw;Wk; ,e;jpaf; FbauRj;jiytu; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;Jldhd re;jpg;G Mfpait mtuJ epfo;r;rp epuypy; cs;s kw;w epfo;r;rpfshFk;. mf;Nlhgu; 4-k; Njjp khiy epA+by;ypf;F te;jgpwF> mjpgu; Gbd;> gpujkiu Nyhf; fy;ahz; khu;f;fpy; re;jpj;jhu;. mjidj; njhlu;e;J> kWehs; fhiy i`juhghj; ,y;yj;jpy; xUtUf;nfhUtu; ,ilNaahd kw;nwhU ,ilaPl;Lr; re;jpg;G eilngw;wJ.

(Nghu;j;jpwQ;rhu;e;j) jpl;lKiw xj;Jiog;G ,e ;j tUifa pd N; ghJ> ,UehLfSk ;

mtw ;Wf ;fpilNa cs ;s r pwg G; kw ;Wk ; rYiftha ;e ;j (Nghu ;j ;jpwQ ;rhu ;e ;j) jpl;lKiwg ; gq ;fhz ;ika py ; mtu ;fSila nghWg ;g pid k z P ;Lk ; cWjpgLj ;jpd vd ,e ;jpa mur pd ; nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;rfj ;jhy ; nts pa plg ;gl;l $l;lw pf ;if nju pt pf ;fpwJ. ,e ;j gq ;fhz ;ik cyfsht pa mikjp kw ;Wk ; ] ;jpuj ;jd ;ikiag ; NgZtjpy ; Kf ;fpakhd gq ;F tfpf ;fyhk ; vd mtu ;fs ; cWjpgLj ;jpdu ;. NkYk ;> nghJthd flikAld ; $ba ngu pa ty ;yuRfshf> mijg ; NgZtjpy ; cs ;s mtutu ; gq ;fpidAk ; xg G; f n ; fhz ;ldu ;. "vq ;fsJ r pwg G; kw ;Wk ; rYiftha ;e ;j

,e;jpah kw;Wk; u\;a ehLfs; gd;Kfj;jd;ikia tYg;gLj;Jtjpy; mtu;fSf;Fs;s nghWg;gpy; xUkdjhf cs;sd

mjpgu; Gbdpd; tUifapd;NghJ mtiu ,e;jpa ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;ru; R\;kh Rtuh[; tuNtw;fpwhu;..

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 35 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,e;jpahtpy; njhopw;jho;thuq;fis (,d;l];l;upay; fhuplhu;];) cUthf;Ftjpy; gq;Nfw;f cupa epWtdq;fis ,e;jpa murhq;fk; mioj;jJ (Nghu ;j ;jpwQ ;rhu ;e ;j) jpl;lKiwg ; gq ;fhz ;ikahdJ> njhlu ;e ;J eilngw ;w gj n ; jhd ;gJ cr ;r pkhehLfs pypUe ;J Gjpa rf ;jpiaAk ; topelj ;JjiyAk ; njhlu ;e ;J ngw ;Ws ;sJ. kw ;Wk ; cyfsht pa g pur ;r pidfs pd ; k j P hd vq ;fsJ xj ;Jiog G; > Gjpa mu ;j ;j ;j ;jpidAk ; ,yf ;fpidAk ; ngw ;Ws ;sJ" vd mjpgu ; Gbd pd ; tUifa pd N; ghJ eilngw ;w gj ;jpu pifahsu ; re ;jpg ;g py ; g pujku ; Nkhb nju pt pj ;jhu ;. xj ;Jiog ;g pidg ; nghWj ;jtiu> ,e ;jpah kw ;Wk ; u\pah ehLfs ; gd ;Kfj ;jd ;ikia tYg ;gLj ;Jtjpy ; mtu ;fSf ;Fs ;s nghWg ;g py ; xUkdjhf cs ;sd. "j t P puthjj ;jpy ; xj ;Jiog ;gJ>

Mg ;fhd p] ;jhd py ; Vw ;gLk ; khw ;wq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ,e ;jpa-gr pg pf ; thd piy khw ;wk ;> v] ;.r p.X.> g pu pf ;] ; Nghd ;w g puhe ;jpa epWtdq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; [ p20 kw ;Wk ; Vr pad ; Nghd ;w gd ;Kf epWtdq ;fs ; Fw pj ;j t p\ aq ;fs py ; vq ;fs ; ehLfs ; nghJthd mf ;fiw nfhz ;Ls ;sd. ru ;tNjr epWtdq ;fs py ; vq ;fsJ gad ;jUk ; xj ;Jiog G; kw ;Wk ; ,zf ;fj ;jpidj ; njhlu ehq ;fs ; xj ;Jf n ; fhz ;Ls N; shk ;" vd ,e ;jpag ; g pujku ; ,e ;jj ; jWtha py ; nju pt pj ;jhu ;.

nghUshjhuk; kw;Wk; tu;j;jfk nrg ;lk ;gu py ; kh] N; fht py ; eilngw ;w tu ;j ;jfk ;> nghUshjhuk ;> mw pt pay ;> njhopy ;El;gk ; kw ;Wk ; fyhr ;rhu xj ;Jiog G; f ;fhd ,e ;jpa-u\ pa murhq ;fq ;fSf ;fpilNaahd Mizaj ;jpd ; 23tJ $l;lj ;jpd ; Kbt pid tuNtw ;w ,U jiytu ;fSk ;> 2025-y ; mtu ;fSf ;fpilNa nra ;ag ;gLk ; ,Utop Kjy PLfis 30 g py ;ypad ; lhyu ; vd ;fpw msTf ;F cau ;j ;JtJ vd ;w ,yf ;fpid miltjw ;fhd mtu ;fSila topa py ;

gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; mjpgu; Gbd; gpujpepjpfs; FO kl;lj;jpyhd Ngr;Rthu;j;ijia elj;Jfpwhu;fs;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 36 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

tykpUe;J ,lk;: epA+by;ypapy; mf;Nlhgu; 5 md;W eilngw;w ,e;jpa-u\pa thzpg cr;rpkhl;by; gpujku; Nkhb ciuepfo;j;Jfpwhu;; mjpgu; Gbd; ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytu; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;ijr; re;jpf;fpwhu;.

,U ehLfSk ; ed ;F nry ;fpd ;wd vd Fw pg ;g pl;ldu ;. A +Nur pag ; nghUshjhu xd ;w paj ;jpw ;Fk ; ,e ;jpaht pw ;FkpilNa Rje ;jpukhd tu ;j ;jfj ;Jf ;fhd xg ;ge ;jj ;jpd ; kJ P MNyhrid njhlq ;fpa pUg ;gij ,Ujug G; k ; tuNtw ;wd vd $l;lw pf ;ifa py ; nju pt pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. mjw ;fhd Ngr ;Rthu ;j ;ijia t piuTgLj ;j ,U ehLfSk ; Nfl;Lf n ; fhz ;ld. "tu ;j ;jf kw ;Wk ; nghUshjhu cwTfs ; kw ;Wk ; Kjy Pl;Lf ;fhd xj ;Jiog ;g pid Nkk ;gLj ;Jtjw ;fhd eltbf ;ifa pd ; $l;Lj ; jpl;lKiwa pid cUthf ;f> $l;L Ma ;T epWtg ;gl;Ls ;sij ,UehLfSk ; ghuhl;bd" vd $l;lw pf ;if NkYk ; nju pt pf ;fpwJ. ,jid Kd n ; dLj ;Jr ; nry ;tjw ;F> me ;epa tu ;j ;jfj ;Jf ;fhd ,e ;jpa epWtdj ;ijAk ;> me ;epa tu ;j ;jfj ;Jf ;fhd midj ;J u\ par ; rq ;fj ;jpidAk ; mtu ;fs ; epakdk ; nra ;Js ;sdu ;. mtu ;fSf ;fpilNaahd ,ila Pl;Lr ; re ;jpg ;g py ;> u\pa Kjy PLfis mjpf mst py ; ,e ;jpaht py ; nra ;tjw N; fJthf vLf ;fg ;gl;l ",e ;jpaht py ; Kjy PL

nra A ; q ;fs ;" vd ;w ,e ;jpa murhq ;fj ;jpd ; Kd ;Kaw ;r pa pid g pujku ; Nkhb kw ;Wk ; mjpgu ; Gbd ; ghuhl;bdu ;. u\paht py ; ,e ;jpa epWtdq ;fisj ; njhlq ;Ftjw N; fJthf u\pa $l;likg ;g pd ; nghUshjhu Nkk ;ghL mikr ;rfj ;jhy ; xw ;iwr ; rhsu Kiw njhlq ;fg ;gl;lij mtu ;fs ; NkYk ; ghuhl;bdu ;. cNyhfk ;> Ruq ;fk ;> Mw ;wy ;> jfty ; njhopEl;gk ;> ua py N; t] ;> kUe ;Jfs ; (ghu ;khR+l;bfy ;] ); > ,urhadk ;> thfdq ;fs ; (Ml;Nlhnkhigy ;] ); > cs ;fl;likg G; > t pkhdg ; Nghf ;Ftuj ;J (Vt pNa\d ); > t pz n ; ts p kw ;Wk ; gy Jiwfs py ; Kd ;Du pik Kjy Pl;Lj ; jpl;lq ;fis eilKiwg ;gLj ;Jtjpy ; ,Jtiu Vw ;gl;Ls ;s Kd N; dw ;wj ;jpid ,Ujug G; k ; kjpg ;gha ;T nra ;jd vd $l;lw pf ;if nju pt pf ;fpwJ. $Ljyhf> u\paht pypUe ;J nra ;ag ;gLk ; cu ,wf ;Fkjpia mjpfu pf ;f ,e ;jpah mjDila t pUg ;gj ;jpid nju pt pj ;jJ kw ;Wk ; mYkpd paj ; Jiwa py ; nra ;aNtz ;ba clDiog G; kw ;Wk ; xj ;Jiog ;g pd ; Kf ;fpaj ;Jtj ;jpid ,Ujug G; k ; xg G; f n ; fhz ;ld.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 37 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

$l;lhz;ik

,lg;gf;fk; kw;Wk; fPNo: epA+by;ypapy; eilngw;w va;k;rpupa]; GJikj; jpUtpoh 2018-y;> gpujku; NkhbAk; mjpgu; GbDk; jpwikahd Foe;ijfspd; FOtpid re;jpf;fpd;wdu;..

jfty; kw;Wk; njhlu;G njhopy;El;gj;Jiwapy; xj;Jiog;gpid mjpfupf;f ,UehLfSk; xg;Gf;nfhz;ld

cs ;fl;likg ;g pid Nkk ;gLj ;JtJ ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; vt ;tsT Kf ;fpak ; vd ;gij xg G; f n ; fhz ;lJld ;> rhiy kw ;Wk ; ua py ; cs ;fl;likg G; > Rl;b efuq ;fs ;> ghu tz ;bfs ; fl;Ljy ; kw ;Wk ; $l;L Nghf ;Ftuj ;J jsthl epWtdk ; cUthf ;FtJ cl;gl ,e ;jpaht py ; njhopw ;jho ;thuq ;fis (,d ;l] ;l;u pay ; fhu plhu ;] ); cUthf ;Ftjpy ; gq N; fw ;f u\ pa epWtdq ;fis ,e ;jpa murhq ;fk ; mioj ;jJ. ,ijnahl;b> ,e ;jpaht py ; $l;Lj ;jpl;lq ;fis miltjw ;fhd tu p tR+y ; epGzj ;Jtj ;ij u\pah toq ;fpaJ

,e;jpa juprdk; | 38 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

kw ;Wk ; ,e ;jpaht py ; rhj ;jpakhd ua py N; t Ntf mjpfu pg G; jpl;lq ;fSf ;fhd ru ;tNjr Nghl;b Vyj ;jpy ; fye ;Jnfhs ;tjpy ; mjd ; t pUg ;gj ;jpidAk ; nju pt pj ;jJ. ,e ;j tUifa pd N; ghJ> ,e ;jpa Njr pa r pW njhopy ; epWtdq ;fs ; fofk ; kw ;Wk ; u\pad ; r pW kw ;Wk ; eLj ;ju thz pgf ; fofj ;jpw ;fpilNa xU Gu pe ;Jzu ;T xg ;ge ;jKk ; ifnaOj ;jplg ;gl;lJ.

mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gk; mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; njhopy ;El;gj ; Jiwa py ; xj ;Jiog ;g pid mjpfu pg ;gjd ; Kf ;fpaj ;Jtj ;jpid typAWj ;jpaJld ;> mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; njhopy ;El;gj ;Jf ;fhd 10tJ ,e ;jpa-u\pag ; gz pf ;FO ntw ;w pfukhf mikf ;fg ;gl;lij ,Ujug G; k ; tuNtw ;wd. g pg ;utu p 2018-y ; eilngw ;w me ;j epfo ;r ;r p> ,e ;jpaht pd ; mw pt pay ;

mjpgu; Gbdpd; Kd;dpiyapy; gpujku; Nkhb gj;jpupf;ifahsu;fisr; re;jpf;fpwhu;

kw ;Wk ; njhopy ;El;gj ;Jiw kw ;Wk ; u\ paf ; $l;likg ;g pd ; mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; cau ;fy ;t pj ;Jiw mikr ;rfj ;jhy ; $l;lhf Nkw ;ghu ;ita plg ;gl;lJ. mbg ;gil kw ;Wk ; nray ;Kiw mw pt paypy ; gj ;JtUl $l;L Muha ;r ;r pa pid 2017y ; Kbj ;jjpy ; cs ;s ,e ;jpaht pd ; mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; njhopy ;El;gj ;Jiw kw ;Wk ; mbg ;gil Muha ;r ;r pf ;fhd u\ pa epWtdj ;jpw ;fpilNaahd ntw ;w pfukhd clDiog ;g pid jiytu ;fs ; ghuhl;bdu ;. jfty ; kw ;Wk ; njhlu G; njhopy ;El;gj ;Jiwa py ;> Kf ;fpakhf> kpd ;dZ mikg G; tbtikj ;jy ; kw ;Wk ; cw ;gj ;jp nra ;jy ;> nkd n ; ghUs ; cw ;gj ;jp> k j P ;jpwd ;fz pj ;jy ;> ,-murhq ;fk ;> nghJr N; rit ms pj ;jy ;> tiyjs ghJfhg G; > jug ;gLj ;Jjy ;> NubNah fl;Lg ;ghL kw ;Wk ; NubNah mjpu n ; tz ; jpUr paj ;jpid tiuKiwg ;gLj ;Jjy ; cl;gl cs ;s Jiwfs py ; xj ;Jiog ;g pid mjpfu pf ;f ,UehLfSk ; xg G; f n ; fhz ;ld vd $l;lw pf ;if nju pt pf ;fpwJ.

,e;jpa-u\;a thzpg cr;rpkhehL 19tJ ,e ;jpa-u\pa tUlhe ;jpu ,Ujug G;

cr ;r pkhehl;bd N; ghJ Vw ;ghL nra ;ag ;gl;l ,e ;jpa-u\pa thz pg cr ;r pkhehl;by ; ,e ;jpah kw ;Wk ; u\paht pypUe ;J ngUkst pyhd thz pgg ; g pujpepjpfs ; FO fye ;J nfhz ;ld. ,UehLfSf ;fpilNa ,Ujug G; xj ;Jiog G; f ;fhd Kf ;fpakhd gFjpfis Fw pj ;Jf ;fhl;b> nghUshjhu> tu ;j ;jf kw ;Wk ; Kjy Pl;L gq ;fhz ;ika pid NkYk ; tYg ;gLj ;Jtjw ;fhd thz pgj ; Jiwfs pd ; jpwd ; kw ;Wk ; t pUg ;gk ; Fw pj ;j tYthd rkpf ;iQia me ;j cr ;r pkhehL mDg ;g paJ. me ;j cr ;r p khehl;by ; ciuepfo ;j ;Jifa py ;> Vwf ;Fiwa xt n ; thU Jiwa pYk ; ,e ;jpah kw ;Wk ; u\ paht pw ;fpilNaahd cwTfs ; t pu ptile ;J tUfpd ;wd vd ;gij g pujku ; Nkhb Rl;bf ;fhl;bdhu ;. ",U ehLfs pd ; njhopy ;Jiw cyfk ; ,e ;j cwt pid NkYk ; tYg ;gLj ;Jfpd ;wd vd ;gJ ekf n ; fy ;yhk ; kfpo ;r ;r p juj ;jf ;f xU nra ;jpahFk ;." vd ;W mtu ; $w pdhu ;. nghUshjhu kw ;Wk ; r%f Kd N; dw ;wj ;Jf ;fhd mjd ; gazj ;jpy ; u\ pahit xU mjpKf ;fpakhd gq ;Fjhuuhf ,e ;jpah fUJfpwJ vd NkYk ; mtu ; $w pdhu ;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 39 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

tpisahl;L

2018 Mrpa tpisahl;Lg; Nghl;bfs; njhlf;f tpohtpy; ,e;jpa mzpapdu;

tpisahl;Lj;jpwdpd;

cr;rpapy;

,t;tUl Mrpa tpisahl;Lg; Nghl;bfspd; gjf;fg;gl;baypy; ,sk; tpisahl;L el;rj;jpuq;fs; %yk; xU ed;kjpg;ghd ,lj;ijg; ngWtjd; thapyhf vg;NghJkpy;yhj mstpy; ,e;jpa tpisahl;L tPuu;fs; Njrj;ij cr;rkhd ,lj;jpw;F nfhz;L nrd;Ws;sdu; ciu [p. uh[huhkd;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 40 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

,e;jpah jdJ midj;J tpisahl;L tPuu;fspd; rpwe;j nray;ghl;lhy; kfpo;r;rp milfpwJ. gjf;fq;fis ntd;wjw;fhf tho;j;Jf;fs; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp

fle ;j r py Mz ;Lfs py ;> ,e ;jpah jd ;id xU t pisahl;by ; r pwe ;j ehL vd ;w ngaiuf ; nfhz ;L kjpg ;g plg ;gLfpwJ. ,e ;jpa t pisahl;L R+oy ; mikg G; > muR> Njr pa t pisahl;L $l;likg G; fs ;> kw ;Wk ; r py nghWg G; s ;s muR rhuh epWtdq ;fs ; Mfpait> t pisahl;L t Puu ;fs ; jq ;fs ; Nghl;bj ; jd ;ikia Iaj ;jpw ;fplkpd ;w p nts pg ;gilahf ep&g pf ;f mjpfhuks pj ;J tUfpwJ vd ;gJld ; ,e ;j kNdhght khw ;w KbTfs ; ru ;tNjr t pisahl;L muq ;fpy ; ehk ; vq ;F epw ;fpNwhk ; vd ;gij cyfj ;jpw ;F fhl;LfpwJ. 2018k ; tUlk ; Mf] ;l; 18 Kjy ; nrg ;lk ;gu ; 2 tiu ,e N; jhNd\ paht py ; eilngw ;w Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs py ;> ,e ;jpaht pd ; el;rj ;jpu nray ;jpwd ; cz ;ika pNyNa Xu ; ce ;J rf ;jpia ek ; ehl;bw ;Fs ; Vw ;gLj ;jpAs ;sJ. GJ jpy ;ypa py ; fhkd n ; ty ;j ; t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs ; 2010 y ; eilngw ;wJ Kjy ; mjw ;fhf fLk ; ga pw ;r p Nkw n ; fhz ;ljd ; t pisthf me ;j Mz ;by ;> r d P ht pd ; Fthq N; [ht py ; eilngw ;w 16tJ Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs py ; ,e ;jpa mz pf ;FO 65 gjf ;fq ;fis ntd ;wJ. g pd ;du ;> 2018y ; eilngw ;w 18tJ Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs py ; ,Jtiu ,y ;yhj mst pw ;F 69 gjf ;fq ;fis ntd ;W rhjid gilj ;jJ. ,jpy ; 15 jq ;fk ;> 24 nts ;s p kw ;Wk ; 30 ntz ;fyg ; gjf ;fq ;fSk ; cs ;slq ;Fk ;.

2018 y; [fhu;j;jhtpd; ghnyk;ghq;fpy; ele;j Nghl;b xd;wpd;NghJ ,e;jpa ky;Aj;j tPuu; g[;uq; Gdpah

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

Mrpa tpisahl;L tuyhw;wpy; 2018k; tUl tpisahl;Lfs; ,e;jpahTf;F kpfTk; rpwg;ghditahf ,Ue;Js;sd.. tpisahl;Lfspy; gq;F ngw;w xt;nthU jlfs tPuUk; ,e;jpahtpd; ngUikf;F rhd;W Mthu; eNue;jpu Nkhb ghujg; gpujku;

2018

| 41 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

tpisahl;L

,lkpUe;J tyk;: 2018 Mrpa tpisahl;Lg; Nghl;bfspy; ePu[; Nrhg;uh <l;b vwpjypy; jq;fk; ntd;w fhl;rp: / ngsthl; kpu;]h> FjpiuNaw;w tpisahl;L Nghl;bfspd; NghJ

t pisahl;L t Puu ;fs pd ; fbd ciog G; > nghWg G; kw ;Wk ; mu ;g ;gz pg G; zu ;T> MjuT mikg ;g pd ; ftdk ; kw ;Wk ; j t P puj ;Jld ; ,ize ;J> Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs py ; ,e ;jpah vd ;Wkpy ;yhj tifa py ; jdJ mjpr pwe ;j t pisahl;L nray ;jpwid nts pg ;gLj ;j cjt paJ. ,jd ; tha pyhf gy ,sk ; t pisahl;L t Puu ;fs ; ehl;Lf ;F nfsutj ;ij Njbj ;je ;jdu ;. ,UgJ tUlq ;fSf ;F Kd G; jha ;yhe ;jpd ; ghq ;fhf ;fpy ; eilngw ;w Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs py ; xU thuf ; fhj ;jpUg G; f ;Fg ; g pd ; fpilj ;j Kjy ; gjf ;fj ;jpy ; nts pg ;gl;l ,e ;jpaht pd ; nray ;jpwd ;> [fhu ;j ;jht py ; ele ;j Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs pd ; Kjy ; ehs pNyNa Mz ;fSf ;fhd 65 fpNyh vilg ;g pu pt pyhd ky A ; j ;jg ; Nghl;ba py ; ekJ t Puu ; g[ ;uq ; Gd pah jq ;f gjf ;fk ; ntd ;wjd ; %yk msg ;gu pa khw ;wj ;ij Vw ;gLj ;jpaJ. xU t pj ;jpahrkhd kw ;Wk ; kpfTk ; cw ;rhfks pf ;Fk ; fhl;r p 2018 ,y ; Njhd ;w paJ. Gd paht pd ; jq ;fg ; gjf ;fj ;Jld ; Jg ;ghf ;fp RLjypy ; ut pFkhu ; kw ;Wk ; mGu ;t p re N; jyht pd ; ntz ;fyg ;gjf ;fKk ; ,ize ;J nfhz ;lJ (10 k .P Vu ; iu/g ps ; fyg G; f ; FO). ,e;jpa juprdk; | 42 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

18tJ Mr pa t pisahl;Lg ; Nghl;bfs pd ; gyt pjkhd Nghl;bfs py ; ,e ;jpah jq ;fk ; ntd ;wjpy ; ehk ; kpFe ;j kfpo ;r ;r piaf ; fhzyhk ;. ,itfs py ; jlfs t Puu ;fs ; Vwj ;jho ghjpa py ; gq N; fw ;w pUe ;jhYk ;> VO t pisahl;Lfs py ; ekJ %tu ;zf n ; fhb gjf ;f Nkila pd ; ikaj ;jpy ; ,Ue ;jJld ;> ,jpy ; MW xypk ;g pf ; g pu pTfSk ; ,Ue ;jd. Jg ;ghf ;fp RLjy ; kw ;Wk ; ky A ; j ;jg N; ghl;ba py ; xt n ; thd ;w pYk ; ,Utu ; ntw ;w p ngw ;w mNj rkak ;> Fj ;Jr ;rz ;il> glNfhl;Ljy ;> nld ;d p] ; kw ;Wk ; g pu pl;[ ; t pisahl;Lg ; g pu pTfs py ; xUtu ; t j P k ; jq ;fk ; ntd ;wdu ;. gjf ;fk ; ntd ;w ,e ;jpau ;fs pd ; gd ;Kf mz ptu pir kfpo ;r ;r p jUk ; xd ;W. n`g ;lhj ;yhd py ; jq ;fg ; gjf ;fk ; ntd ;w ] ;tg ;dh gu ;kd pd ; je ;ij u pf\ ;â&#x20AC;&#x152; h ,Oj ;J tho ;f ;if elj ;jpdhy ;> FjpiuNaw ;wj ;jpy ; ,U nts ;s pg ;gjf ;fq ;fisg ; ngw ;w /ngsthj ; kpu ;]h gy jiyKiwfshf Fjpiufisg ; guhku pf ;Fk ; FLk ;gj ;jpy ; g pwe ;jtu ;. g p] ;ly ; Jg ;ghf ;fp RLgtu ; nrsug ; rTju pf ;F 16 taNj vDk ; NghJ> g pu pl;[ ; Ml;lg G; ypfs ; g puzhg ; gu ;jhd ; kw ;Wk ; \pgehj ; ru ;f ;fhu ; MfpNahu ; 50 taijf ; fle ;jtu ;fs ;. ky A ; j ;jg ;

India’s medallists at Asian Games 2018 Gold Medallists (15): Bajrang Punia Wrestling (Men’s freestyle 65kg) Vinesh Phogat Wrestling (Women’s freestyle 50 kg) Saurabh Chaudhary Shooting (Men’s 10 metre air pistol) Rahi Sarnobat Shooting (Women’s 25 metre pistol) Sawarn Singh, Dattu Baban Bhokanal, Om Prakash, Sukhmeet Singh Rowing (Men’s quadruple sculls)

Lakshay Sheoran Shooting (Men’s trap) Sanjeev Rajput Shooting (Men’s 50 metre rifle three positions) Shardul Vihan Shooting (Men’s double trap) India women’s national kabaddi team Fouaad Mirza Equestrian (Individual eventing) Fouaad Mirza, Rakesh Kumar, Ashish Malik, Jitender Singh Equestrian (Team eventing) Hima Das Athletics (Women’s 400 metres)

Rohan Bopannam, Divij Sharan Tennis (Men’s doubles)

Muhammed Anas Athletics (Men’s 400 metres)

Tajinderpal Singh Toor Athletics (Men’s shot put)

Dutee Chand Athletics (Women’s 100 metres)

Neeraj Chopra – Athletics (Men’s javelin throw)

Dharun Ayyasamy Athletics (Men’s 400 metres hurdles)

Manjit Singh – Athletics (Men’s 800 metres) Arpinder Singh – Athletics (Men’s triple jump)

Sudha Singh Athletics (Women’s 3000 metres steeplechase)

Swapna Barman – Athletics (Women’s heptathlon)

Neena Varakil Athletics (Women’s long jump)

Jinson Johnson – Athletics (Men’s 1500 metres)

Muskan Kirar, Madhumita Kumari, Jyothi Surekha Vennam Archery (Women’s team compound)

M. R. Poovamma, Saritaben Gaikwad, Hima Das, Vismaya Athletics (Women’s 4 x 400 m relay) Amit Panghal Boxing (Men’s Light Fly 49kg) India men’s bridge team

SILVER MEDALLISTS (24): Deepak Kumar Shooting (Men’s 10 metre air rifle)

Abhishek Verma, Rajat Chauhan, Aman Saini Archery (Men’s team compound)

Rajiv Arokia, Muhammed Anas, Hima Das, M. R. Poovamma Athletics (Mixed 4 x 400 metres) Dutee Chand Athletics (Women’s 200 metres) Dharun Ayyasamy, Kunhu Mohammed, Rajiv Arokia, Muhammed Anas Athletics (Men’s 4 x 400 m relay) Shweta Shervegar, Varsha Gautham Sailing (49er FX Women) India women’s hockey team India women’s squash team

BRONZE MEDALLISTS (30): Ravi Kumar , Apurvi Chandela Shooting (10 metre air rifle mixed team) Abhishek Verma Shooting (Men’s 10 metre air pistol) India men’s national sepak takraw team Divya Kakran Wrestling (Women’s freestyle 68 kg) Roshibina Naorem Wushu (Women’s sanda 60 kg)

single sculls) Rohit Kumar, Bhagwan Singh Rowing (Men’s lightweight double sculls) Heena Sidhu Shooting (Women’s 10 metre air pistol) Prajnesh Gunneswaran Tennis (Men’s singles) Dipika Pallikal Squash (Women’s singles) Joshna Chinappa Squash (Women’s singles) Saurav Ghosal Squash (Men’s singles) India men’s Bridge Team India mixed team Bridge Saina Nehwal Badminton (Women’s singles) India men’s team table tennis Malaprabha Jadhav Kurash (Women’s 52 kg) Achanta Sharath Kamal, Manika Batra Table tennis (Mixed doubles) PU Chitra Athletics (Women’s 1500 metres)

Santhosh Kumar Wushu (Men’s sanda 56 kg)

Seema Punia Athletics (Women’s Discus Throw)

Surya Bhanu Pratap Singh Wushu (Men’s sanda 60 kg)

Harshita Tomar Sailing (Open Laser 4.7)

Narender Grewal Wushu (Men’s sanda 65 kg)

Varun Thakkar, Ganapathy Chengappa Sailing (49er Men)

PV Sindhu Badminton (Women’s singles)

Ankita Raina Tennis (Women’s singles)

Jinson Johnson Athletics (Men’s 800 metres)

India men’s national kabaddi team

Pincky Balhara Kurash (Women’s 52 kg)

Dushyant Chauhan Rowing (Men’s lightweight

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India men’s squash team squash Vikas Krishan Yadav Boxing (Men’s Middleweight (75kg)) India men’s hockey team

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xt n ; thd ;Wk ; vdf ;F kpfg n ; gu paJ. ,jpy ; r pwe ;j gFjp Nfh] ;lh u pfht pd ; J}juhf mjpfhu p> vl;tu N; lh ry ;tNlht plk ; ,Ue ;J N[.I.vg ;.vg ;. ,y ; nfsutj ;ij ngw ;Wf ; nfhz ;lJjhd ;>" vd ;W mtu ; ngUikAld ; epidT $u ;e ;jhu ;. ,d ;W> xU Kd ;dz p ebfu ;> jpiug ;gl jahu pg ;ghsu ; kw ;Wk ; njhopyjpguhf> mtu ; Nfh] ;lh u pf N; fht pd ; jt pu ;f ;fKbahj xU eguhf kw ;Wk ; mtuJ ehl;Lf ;F ngUik Nru ;j ;J tUfpwhu ;. ,e ;j ,isQDf ;F nfsutk ; fpilj ;jNghjpYk ; ,d ;Dk ; Xa n ; tLf ;ft py ;iy. 'vdf ;F Kd ;dhy ; ,d ;Dk ; xU e z P ;l gazk ; ,Uf ;fpwJ> ,d ;Dk ; gy mw G; jkhd jpl;lq ;fs ; vd ;id gugug ;ghf itj ;Jf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpd ;wd>" vd ;W mtu ; $w pdhu ;. NkYk ;> 'vd ;u plhNlh] ; yh fz ;g pA\Df ;F ed ;w p> xU Gjpa re ;ijia epiwa tha ;g G; fSld ; ,e ;jpa jahu pg ;ghsu ;fSf ;F jpwe ;Jitj ;Js ;sJ. gy Jiz jahu pg G; xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ; rk Pgj ;jpy ; ifnaOj ;jhfpaJ> vd ; glj ;jpy ; g pukhjkhf Ntiy nra ;j mNj ghypTl; nra ;Kiwia g pd ;gw ;Wtjw ;fhf. kj ;jpa mnku pf ;fh KOtJk ; - gdhkh> rhy ;tlhu ;> Fthj ;jkhyh> Nfh] ;lh u pf ;fh> epfuhFth> kw ;Wk ; ngU Mfpa midj ;J ,lq ;fs pYk ; ,e ;jpaj ; J}juq ;fs ; Mju pj ;jJ cz ;ika pNyNa kpfTk ; jho ;ikAld ; $ba ngUkpj mDgtkhFk ;." ,e ;j xt n ; thU ehLfs pd ;

,e ;jpa J}ju ;fSk ; ,jw ;fhf jpuz ;lJld ; mjd ; njhlf ;fj ;jpy ; Mu ;tj ;Jld ; gq N; fw ;wJ> ,J xU ntw ;w pfukhd fyhr ;rhu Kaw ;r pahf khw ngu pJk ; cjt paJ. ,e ;j Mz ;L ,e ;jp kw ;Wk ; g pw g puhe ;jpa ,e ;jpa nkhopfs py ; jpiug ;glj ;ij nts pa pl \ud ; jahuhf cs ;shu ;. mtiu Jbg N; ghL itj ;Jf n ; fhz ;bUf ;Fk ; kw ;w jpl;lq ;fs py ; xd ;Wjhd ; 'ghu ;lu ;] ; t pj ;jTl; iyg '; vd ;W jiyg ;g plg ;gl;l kd pj flj ;Jjiy gw ;w pa jpiug ;glk ; MFk ;. 'nfhyk ;g pah> Fthj ;jkhyh> gdhkh> nkf ;] pNfh kw ;Wk ; mnku pf ;fh Mfpa Ie ;J ehLfshYk ; ,e ;j glk ; Mju pf ;fg ;gLfpwJ> NkYk ; me ;j ehLfSf ;fhd ,e ;jpah J} ju ;fs ; xt n ; thUtUk ;>" vd ;W mtu ; nts pg ;gLj ;Jfpwhu ;. jpiug ;glq ;fisj ; jt pu> ebfUf ;F g pw t pUg ;gq ;fSk ; cz ;L> mjpy ; g pujhdkhdJ t pisahl;L MFk ;. yj ;j d P ; mnku pf ;fht py ; t pisahl;il Nkk ;gLj ;j rhd ; xNrt pYs ;s cyf fgb kd ;wj ;jpd ; nghUshsuhf epakpf ;fg ;gl;lhu ;. 'xypk ;g pf ;fpy ; fgbia xU ehs ; nfhz ;LNru ;f ;Fk ; r pe ;jid ,J>" vd ;W mtu ; cWjpglf ; $w pdhu ;. ,e ;jpa-yj ;j d P ; mnku pf ;f tz pff ; fofj ;jpd ; tz pfj ; J} juhf> ,e ;jpahNthL ,yj ;j d P ; mnku pf ;ft pd ; fyhr ;rhuk ;> t pisahl;L> jpiug ;glq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; gy cwTfs pd ; tsu ;r ;r pf ;F nghWg ;ghfpwhu ;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 49 |

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];dhg;\hl;];

mofhd

fhl;rp tpoh

G\;fu; Nksh cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa kpUff;fhl;rp tpohf;fspy; xd;whFk;> uh[];jhdpd; gz;ghL>tz;zq;fs; kw;Wk; nghOJNghf;Ffspd; ,jakhf tpsq;FfpwJ

,e;jpa juprdk; | 50 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 51 |

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xl;lf tzpfu;fs; xU thuk; Kd;Ng tpahghujpw;fhf tpohTf;F te;JtpLthu;fs;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 52 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

NkNy: tpohtpy; xUtu; mofhf myq;fupf;fg;gl;l xl;lfj;jpy; mku;e;jpUf;fpwhu;. xt;nthU tUlKk; Ie;J ehl;fs; elf;Fk; ,e;j G\;fu; Nkshtpy; mofhf myq;fupf;fg;gl;l xl;lfj;jpw;fhd Nghl;bfs; elf;Fk;. ,lJ: xU xl;lf tzpfu; mtsJ xl;lfj;Jld; tpohtpy;. G\;fu; Nkyh ,g;gFjpapy; cs;s E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd xl;lfk; kw;Wk; fhy;eil tzpfu;fis <u;f;fpwJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 53 |

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tyRw;wpy; ,lkpUe;J: G\;fu Nkshtpy; xU tzpfu; nkJthf mLg;gpy; neUg;ig CJfpwhu;. xl;lf tzpfu;fs; xU thuk; Kd;Ng tpahghujpw;fhf tpohTf;F te;JtpLthu;fs;; ,t;tpohtpy; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; xU uh[];jhdp ngz;> mtSila Kfk; xU ghuk;gupa Kf;fhlhy; %lg;gl;bUf;fpwJ; xU uh[];jhdp Mz; tz;zkakhd ghuk;gupa jiyg;ghif mzpe;J tpohtpy; kfpo;r;rpahf ,Uf;fpwhu;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 54 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 55 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

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NkNy kw;Wk; tyJ: G\;fu; Nkshtpd; rpwg;gk;rk; gy fyhr;rhu epfo;r;rpfshFk;> ,J uh[];jhd; ehl;Lg;Gw ,ir kw;Wk; eldk; ghuk;gupaq;fis xd;wpizf;Fk;. NkYk; ,e;j tpoh kf;fSf;fhd gy;NtW nghOJNghf;F Nghl;bfis cs;slf;fpajhFk;> cjhuzkhf jiyg;ghif fl;Lk; Nghl;b..

,e;jpa juprdk; | 56 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

G\;fu; Nksh epiwa nghOJNghf;F Nghl;b epfo;Tfis nfhz;lJ> ePskhd kPiria jPu;khdpf;Fk; Nghl;bia ,J cs;slf;fpaJ!

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2018

| 57 |

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];dhg;\hl;];

,e;jpa juprdk; | 58 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

tyRw;wpy; NkypUe;J: G\;fu; ,e;jpahtpd; goikahd efuq;fspy; xd;whFk;> NkYk; kpfTk; Gdpjkhdjhf fUjg;gLfpwJ. cyfpy; gpuk;khTf;F mu;g;gzpf;fg;gl;l xNu Myak; ,q;F cs;sJ. G\;fu; Vup ,e;J flTshy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ vd;Wk;> NkYk; mtNu ,e;j gpugQ;rj;ijAk; cUthf;fpdhu; vd;W mwptu;e;jtu;fshy; ek;gg;gLfpwJ; NkYk; tpohtpy; czT filapy; Rz;ly; kw;Wk; cUisf;fpoq;fpdhyhd uh[];jhdpa irt rpw;Wz;b tpw;gidahfpwJ; ,e;j tpohtpy; xU ngz; iftpid ghj;jpuq;fis tpw;gid nra;fpwhu;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 59 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

gazk;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 60 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

kiyfs;

capUld;

cs;sd

mlu;j;jpahd gRikf; fhLfs;> tPOk; ePu;tPo;r;rpfs;> thOk; Ntu;g; ghyq;fs; kw;Wk; gz;Gtskpf;f goq;Fbapdu; ghuk;gupak; Mfpait tlfpof;F ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s Nkfhyah khepyj;jpid xt;nthU Rw;Wyhg; gazpf;Fk; fz;ftu; mDgtkhf Mf;FfpwJ. ciu mdpy; Ky;re;jhdp

Nehfhypfha; ePu;tPo;r;rpapd; xU ghu;it

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G+kpapd; kpfTk; <ukhd gFjpfspy;> Nkfhyahtpd; nropg;ghd fhLfs;> igd; kuq;fslu;ej ; kiyfs; kw;Wk; mw;Gjkhd ePut ; o P r ; r ; pfs; Mfpait mjid efu tho;fi ; fapd; js;S Ks;SypUe;J tpyfp mikjpahd tpLKiw jpdq;fisf; fopg;gjw;F Vw;w fz;ftu; ,lkhf Mf;fpAs;sJ. ,J> khWgl;l fyhr;rhu milahsq;fs; kw;Wk; tho;fi ; f Kiwfs;> cs;ehl;L ek;gpf;iffs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifapd; kPJ Mokhd> ePbj;j md;G kw;Wk; gagf;jpAld; $ba NfNuh> fhrp kw;Wk; n[ape;jpah goq;Fbapdupd; epykhFk;. 1874-y; Kd;dhs; goq;Fbapd ,uh[;[paq;fs; gpupl;b\huhy; ,izf;fg;gl;lNghJ> \ py;yhq;fpd; jiyefuhd fhrp> m];]hkpd; Gjpa jiyefuhfTk;> tlfpof;F gpuhe;jpak; KOikf;Fkhd jiyikaplkhfTk; Mf;fg;gl;lJ vd tuyhw;wpayhsu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;. fly;kl;lj;jpypUe;J 1500 kPll ; Uf;F Nky; cauj;jpy; mike;Js;sjhy; Vw;gLfpd;w mjd; kpjkhd jl;gntg;gk;> Mq;fpNya mYtyu;fSf;F tlfpof;fpy; mjid tpUk;gp Nju;Tnra;fpw ,lkhf Mf;fpAs;sJ. cUz ;L jpuz ;L tUk ; kiyfs ; kw ;Wk ; mgu pkpjkhd Vu pfs ; mtu ;fSf ;F ] ;fhl;yhe ;ij epidTgLj ;Jtjhf nrhy ;yg ;gLfpwJ. ,d ;W$l> l;A +lu ; ghz p fl;blq ;fs ;> fhyd pj ;Jt Fbirfs ;> xU NghNyh MLfsk ;> xU Fopg ;ge ;J t pisahl;blk ; kw ;Wk ; gy mofpa 2018

| 61 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

gazk;

Njthyaq ;fs ; Nghd ;w mopt pypUe ;J k z P ;L jg ;g pj ;j uh[h fhyj ;J ,Ug ;g plq ;fs ; \ py ;yhq ;fpy ; cs ;sd. 1904-y ;> ,e ;j efuk ; thu ;Lfs pd ; xU njhFg ;ghfg ; g pu pf ;fg ;gl;lJ kw ;Wk ; INuhg ;g pau ;fs pd ; thu ;L> thu ;L Vu pa pd ; gf ;fj ;jpy ; mikf ;fg ;gl;lJ. ,d ;W \py ;yhq ;fpd ; nghOJNghf ;F mk ;rq ;fs pd ; ,jakhf mJ jpfo ;fpwJ. ed ;F mikf ;fg ;gl;l G +q ;fhf ;fs ;> gfl;lhd Vu pg ;gf ;f cy ;yhr eilghij> myq ;fu pf ;fg ;gl;l ghyq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; glF trjpfSld ; mJ Mlk ;gukhfj ; jpfo ;fpwJ. r pw pa J}uj ;jpy ;> Nyb i`lhu p G +q ;fh r pw pa kpUff ; fhl;r pr ; rhiyiaf ; nfhz ;Ls ;sJ. mq ;F e Pq ;fs ; cs ;ehl;L t pyq ;fpdq ;fis ur pf ;fyhk ; kw ;Wk ; cs ;Shu ; NjtjhU kutifiag ; gw ;w p mw pa td mUq ;fhl;r pafj ;jpw ;F nry ;yyhk ;. muR fl;blq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; cztfq ;fs ; cl;gl gy fhyd pj ;Jt mikg G; fs ; ,e ;j G +q ;fht pw ;F ntF njhiyt py ; ,y ;iy. jpu pGuh Nfhl;il fz ;bg ;ghf nry ;yNtz ;ba kw n ; whU ,lkhFk ;. ,J> 16 tajha pUf ;Fk N; ghJ Nkfhyhaht pw ;F ,uhZt ga pw ;r pf ;fhf te ;j g Pu ; g pf ;uk ; vd ;fpw kfhuh[hthy ; \py ;yhq ;fpd ;k J P nfhz ;l md ;g pd ; fhuzkhf> 1920-fs py ; fl;lg ;gl;ljhf ek ;gg ;gLfpwJ. nts pg ;gilahfr ; nrhy ;yg N; ghdhy ; me ;j fl;llk ; xU Nfhl;ilay ;y. Mdhy ;> gbg ;gbahd G +q ;fhf ;fs ;>

,lkpUe;J tyk;: ghuh g]hupy; tpw;gidahsu;fs; G+ tpw;fpd;whu;fs;; \py;yhq;fpy; cs;s Xu; cs;Shu; kPd; re;ij; rpuGQ;rpf;fUfpy; cs;s Xu; thOk; Ntu;g; ghyk;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 62 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

nrOikahd cs G; wk ; kw ;Wk ; ky ;ypifa pd ; mw G; j njhFg G; ld ; mJ uh[tk ;rj ;jpd ; gfl;bid nts pg ;gLj ;JfpwJ. Xf ;yhd ;l; NuhL kw ;Wk ; yk N; ]hNgh Nghd ;w gFjpfs py ; epiwa fhyd pj ;Jt tr pg ;g plf ; fl;blq ;fs ; epuk ;g pAs ;sd. vy ;yh mUl;njhz ;lu ;fs pd ; Njthyak ; (jp My ; nra pd ;l;] ; fj Pl;uy ); kw ;Wk ; fpw pj ;Jtu ;fs pd ; Nku p cjt pa pd ; Njthyak ; (jp fj Pl;uy ; Mg ; Nku p n`y ;g ; Mg ; f ;u p] ;bad ;] ); Nghd ;w ed ;F myq ;fu pf ;fg ;gl;l Njthyaq ;fSk ; nry ;yNtz ;ba ,lq ;fs py ; xd ;W. ,e ;j g puhe ;jpaj ;jpd ; ,aw ;if tuyhw ;w pd ; kJ P fzNeuf ; fz N; zhl;lk ; fhz e Pq ;fs ; t pUk ;g pdhy ;> Nghy ] P ; g]hUf ;F mUfpy ; cs ;s> tz ;zj ;Jg G; +r ;r pfs pd ; kfj ;jhd njhFg G; kw ;Wk ; 1930f ;F Ke ;ija fhyj ;J me ;Jg G; +r ;r p khjpu pfs ; nfhz ;l thq ;fu ; epidT G +r ;r pa pay ; mUq ;fhl;r pafj ;jpw ;F (thq ;fu ; nkNkhu pay ; kpA +r pak ; Mg ; vd ;lkhyh[p) nry ;yyhk ;. ,e ;j g puhe ;jpaj ;jpd ; njhy n ; ghUs ;> fyhr ;rhu kw ;Wk ; fiyahw ;wy ; ghuk ;gu pak ; Fw pj ;J NkYk ; Ez ;zw pT ngw> Nkfhyah khepy mUq ;fhl;r pafk ; my ;yJ cs ;ehl;L fyhr ;rhuj ;jpw ;fhd lhd ; gh] N; fh ikaj ;jpy ; (lhd ; gh] N; fh nrd ;lu ; ghu ; ,d ;b[pd pa] ; fy ;r ;ru ;] ); xU khiyg n ; ghOjpid nrytopf ;fyhk ;.

NkYk; ghu;f;f

Fiff; Fwpg;NgL Fif Mu;tyu;fSf;F Nkfyhahtpd; Fiffs; xU fz;ftu; mDgtj;ij mspf;fpd;wd

Fuq;F tpahghuk; ,e ;j paht pd ; xNu kd pjf ; Fuq ;F tifa pd ; jhafk ; nry ;ghf N; u `_yhf ; [ pg ;gd ; Gfy plk ;

kyupd; kdf;fz;tbtk; fhl;L ehuj;ij (ity;l; rpl;u];) kw;Wk; Fs;skhd Ftis kyu; (gpf;kp ypy;yp) cl;gl tiftifahd mupatif kyu;fisf; nfhz;bUg;gjpy; me;j khepyk; ngUik nfhs;fpwJ

khngUk; ntw;wp Mr paht pNyNa k pfTk ; Rj ;jkhd f puhkk ; vd ;w gl;lj ;j pid Nkfhyaht py ; cs ;s khy pd ;dhq ; vd ;w f puhkk ; jf ;f itj ;Jf ; nfhz L ; s ;sJ

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 63 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

gazk;

xU GJ Afk; G +k pa pd ; tuyhw ;w py ;> fle ;j 4200 tUlq ;fs ; Nkfhyad ; Afk ; vd jw N; ghJ tifg ;gLj ;jg ;gl;L s ;sJ

khngUk; ntw;wp mjd ; mu ;j ;jk ; vd ;d G +k pa pd ; 4.6 g py ;y pad ; tUl tuyhW> fhyj ;j pd ; f w P ;Wfshf Gt pa payhsu ;fshy ; g pu pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. xt n ; thU fw P ;Wk ; xt n ; thU Kf ;f pakhd e pfo ;t pidg ; nghWj ;jJ - xU t paj ;jF gUtfhy khw ;wk ;> xU Fw pg ;g pl;l t pyq ;F tifa pd ; Njhw ;wk ;> my ;yJ ,jaj ;j py ; e pw ;f pw VNjDk ; xU k pfg n ; gu pa Gt pa pay ; nfhe ;js pg G; e pfo ;T. jw N; ghJ ehk ; N`hNyhr pd ; rfhg ;jj ;j py ; tho ;f pNwhk ;. ,J filr pahf eilngw ;w gd pAfj ;j pd ; Kbt py ; Muk ;g pj ;j kw ;Wk ; fle ;j 11>700 tUlq ;fs py ; ele ;j rk ;gtq ;fisg ; g puj pgy pf ;f pw xU rfhg ;jk ; MFk ;. N`hNyhr pd ; rfhg ;jk ; NkYk ; %d ;W g pu pTfshfg ; g pu pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ: f pu d P ;yhz ;bad ; Afk ;> ehu ;j ;f ;u pg ;g pad ; Afk ; kw ;Wk ; Nkfhyad ; Afk ;. filr pahf cs ;s Afk ; ,isa AfKk ; fle ;j 4>200 tUl Gt pa pd ; ,Ug ;g pid cs ;slf ;f paJkhFk ;. mJ> ,uz L ; E}w ;whz L ; fs py ;> gy ehfu pfq ;fis rkd ; nra ;J> ngUj ;j twl;r pAld ; Muk ;g pj ;jjhf nrhy ;yg ;gLf pwJ.

\py;yhq;fpy; eilngw;w xU epfo;r;rpapy; ghuk;gupa cilazpe;j kfspu;

Vd; Nkfhyad; Nkfhyaht py ; cs ;s xU Fifa py ; fz L ; g pbf ;fg ;gl;l xU nghq ;$r pg ;ghiw> ,f N; fhs pd ; Gt pa pay ; tuyhw ;w py ; ,e ;j tifg ;ghl;Lf ;fhd Mjhuj ;j pid toq ;f pa ,urhadf ; Fw pa PlL ; vz ;iz nts pg ;gLj ;j paJ.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 64 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

efuj ;jpd ; cs ;Shu ; tho ;f ;ifa pd ; Ritaw pa> ghuh g]hiu Ma ;T nra A ; q ;fs ;. mq ;F Gjpjhf cw ;gj ;jp nra ;ag ;gl;l nghUs ;fs ;> eWkzg ; nghUs ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ghj ;jpuq ;fs ; t pw ;gid nra A ; k ; cs ;Shu ; r%f cWg ;g pdu ;fis e Pq ;fs ; fhzyhk ;. cs ;Shu py ; Ia J P vd miof ;fg ;gLk ; thur ; re ;ij kpfTk ; Rthu] ;akhdJ. MuQ ;R> Njd ;> md ;dhr pg ;gok ;> cyu ;e ;j k d P ;> fUg G; fhshd ;fs ;> ntw ;w piyf ; nfhl;ilfs ;> ifahy ; nea ;j rhy ;itfs ;> $ilfs ; kw ;Wk ; gy t pw ;Fk ; filfs py ; n[a pd ;rk ; vd ;wiof ;fg ;gLk ; ghuk ;gu pa cilaz pe ;j fhr p kfs pu ; cq ;fis ,jkhf tuNtw ;ghu ;fs ;. mjd ; mofpa Fiffisj ; jt pu> Nkfhyaht pd ; kpfg n ; gu pa r pwg ;gk ;rq ;fs py ; xd ;W> mjd ; e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pfshFk ;. \py ;yhq ;fpd ; efu ;g G; w vy ;iya py ; cs ;s ahid e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r p (vyp/Ngz ;l; /ghy ;] ); Rw ;Wyhg ; gaz pfisf ; ftUtjpy ; Kjd ;ikahdjhFk ;. ,uz ;L mLj ;jLj ;j e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pfs pd ; %ykhf t pisahl;Lj ; jdkhf ,wq ;Fk ; xU kiy Xil> jpifg G; +l;Lk ; fhl;r pa pidj ; jUfpwJ. \py ;yhq ;fpd ; efu ;g G; w vy ;iya py ; cs ;s kw n ; whU e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r p> r pwF t pu pj ;j fOF e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r p (] ;g n ; ul; <fps ; /ghy ;] ); MFk ;. ,J r pwFfis t pu pj ;j fOifg ; Nghd ;w Njhw ;wKila e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pahFk ;. jiyefuj ;jpypUe ;J nts pa py ; nry ;yr ; nry ;y jpifg G; +l;Lk ;gbahd NkYk ; gy e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pfis e Pq ;fs ; fhzyhk ;. ,uz ;L kz pNeug ; gazk ; cq ;fis r puGQ ;r pf ;F

,lJGwk;: Nkfhyahtpy; cs;s fhrp kiyapd; jpifg;G+l;Lk; gpd;dzpapy; cs;Shu;thrpfs; mtu;fsJ nghOijf; fopg;gJ. fPNo: \py;yhq;fpy; cs;s fpwpj;Jtu;fspd; Nkup cjtpapd; Njthyak; (jp fjPl;uy; Mg; Nkup n`y;g; Mg; f;up];bad;];)

mioj ;Jr ; nry ;Yk ;. ,J> Nkfhyaht py ; cs ;s kw n ; whU ,lkhd khr pd ;uhk ;> G +kpa pd ; kpf mjpf <ukhd (kionga A ; k ); ,lk ; vd ;w ngaiu nty ;tjw ;F Kd ;> cyfpd ; kpf mjpf <ukhd (kionga A ; k ); ,lkhf ,Ue ;jJ. efuj ;jpd ; jpifg G; +l;Lfpw mofhd Njhw ;wj ;jpidf ; fhz> njs pthd ehs py ;> cq ;fs ; topa py ; cs ;s \py ;yhq ; r pfuj ;jpy ; epWj ;Jq ;fs ;. r puGQ ;r p nry ;Yk ; rhiy> me ;j t pr pj ;jpu kiyefuj ;jpid milAk ; Kd ;ghf> Nkfq ;fshy ; %lg ;gl;l kiyfs ; neLfpYk ; cq ;fis vLj ;Jr ; nry ;Yk ;. cs ;Su py ; [pq ; f Pq ; [ ;u p vd ;wiof ;fg ;gLk ; thOk ; Ntu ;g ; ghyq ;fs ; ,q ;F fl;lhak ; ghu ;f ;f Ntz ;baitahFk ; - Xila pd ; ,uz ;L gf ;fKk ; ,uz ;L kuq ;fs ; elg ;gl;L> mtw ;w pd ; Ntu ;fs ; eilghij my ;yJ ghyq ;fis mikf ;Fk ; tifa py ; jiyKiw jiyKiwahf ifKiwahf topelj ;jg ;gLfpd ;wd. mtw ;w py ; r py> gioa t pr pj ;jpuf ; fijfs py ; tUtJ Nghd ;W ,uz ;lLf ;F mikg G; nfhz ;ljhFk ;. e Pq ;fs ; ,q ;fpUe ;J khr pd ;uhk ; nry ;y KbntLj ;jhy ;> NkYk ; gy e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pfs ; cq ;fSf ;fhf fhj ;jpUf ;fpd ;wd. mtw ;w py ; kpfTk ; mofhdJ Nehfhypfha ; e Pu ;t o P ;r ;r pahFk ;. fz ;ftu ; nghq ;$r pg ;ghiw> njhq ;$r pg ;ghiwg ; gbkq ;fs ; Nghd ;w tbtk ; nfhz ;l Nkfyhaht pd ; gok n ; gUk ; FiffSk ; mUfpNyNa cs ;sd. ,e ;j mofhd tlfpof ;F khepyj ;jpypUe ;J e Pq ;fs ; filr pahf t pilngw ;Wr ; nry ;yt pUg ;gjhy ;> mjd ; ,aw ;ifr ; r pwg G; fs ; kw ;Wk ; fyhr ;rhu tsikiaf ; Fw pj ;Jf ; nfhs ;Sq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ,q ;F k z P ;Lk ; tu ahu ;jhd ; t pUk ;gkhl;lhu ;fs ; vd ;W cq ;fis e Pq ;fNs Nfl;Lf ; nfhs ;Sq ;fs ;!

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\;Ujp rJu;yhy; \u;kh (NkNy tyJ)> A+/Nghdpf; Nahfhtpd; ,iz cUthf;Fdu;> kw;Wk; mtuJ mzp A+/Nghdpf; Nahfhtpd; Njhw;wg;ghq;fpid nra;fpwhu;fs;.

,af;fk; %yk;

Fzg;gLj;Jjy; KOikahd ey;tho;Tf;fhd Gjpa topapid cUthf;f ,e;jpahtpd; fyhr;rhu ehl;bak;> ,ir kw;Wk; Nahfh ghuk;gupaj;jpypUe;J jUtpf;fg;gl;l xU ehl;ba tbtkhd A+/Nghdpf; Nahfh vd;fpw fiyiaf; fz;LgpbAq;fs; ciu ~Ujp rJu;yhy; \u;kh kw;Wk; Rkd; fdhtj; rpq;

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2018

ve;jnthU tbt ,e;jpa fyhr;rhu eld gapw;rpahsUf;FKupa mtuJ mofhd eld mirTfisAk;> kw;Wk; ,e;jpa fyhr;rhu ,irapy; <Lgl;Ls;stu;fspd; Mj;khu;j;jkhd ,iriaAk;> fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l kw;Wk; ];jpukhd Rthrk; epiwTnra;fpwJ vd;gij ehl;bak; kw;Wk; ,irawpTld; $ba kf;fs; ed;fwpthu;fs;. ,e;jpaf; fyhr;rhu eldk; kw;Wk; Nahfhtpd; fyitahd A+/Nghdpf; Nahfh> ekf;Fs; ,aq;Fk; tho;f;ifr; (gpuhz) rf;jpapd; VO ikaq;fs; vd ek;gg;gLk; VO rf;fuq;fspd; rhuhk;rk;> kdepiy kw;Wk; gz;Gfis vLj;Jf;$w eldj;ij Nru;j;Jf;nfhs;tJld;> fiytbt Nahfhtpid ,e;jpa fyhr;rhu ,irapd; VO ,ir ];tuq;fSld; ,izf;fpwJ. A+/ Nghdpf; Nahfh xU ghuk;gupa eld tbtkhf ,y;yhkypUf;fyhk;. Mdhy;> mJ> xOf;f eyk; kw;Wk; mofpay; ntspg;ghl;Lf;fhd GjpanjhU khu;f;fj;jpid toq;f> ,e;jpahtpd; fyhr;rhu eld ghuk;gupaj;jpypUe;J jUtpf;fg;gl;lJ. mJ kdpj clYf;Fk; kdj;jpw;Fk; xj;j gy gad;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. VO ] ;tuq ;fSf ;Fk ;> rf ;fuq ;fSf ;Fk ; ,ilNaAs ;s ,zf ;fkhd xj ;jpirT Fwpj ;j Mo ;e ;j mwpt pd ; mbg ;gila pNyNa ,e ;jpaf ; fyhr ;rhu ,ira py ; uhfq ;fs ; cUthf ;fg ;gl;ld

vd r pyuhy ; ek ;gg ;gLfpwJ. Vndd py ;> fyhr ;rhu ,irg ;ghly ;fs ;> ekJ kdk ; kw ;Wk ; clypy ;> Fwpg ;g plj ;jf ;f Neu ;kiwahd t pisTfisf ; nfhz ;Ls ;sJ vdTk ;> ekf ;Fs ; kw ;wgb nrayw ;Wf ; fplf ;Fk ; Mw ;wy ;fis jl;bnaOg ;gf ; $ba Mw ;wy ; tsk ; ngw ;Ws ;sd vdTk ; fz ;Lg pbf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. Nahfh kw ;Wk ; eldj ;Jldhd ,ir ] ;tuq ;fs pd ; (r> u p> f> k> g> j> ep) ,e ;j gazkhdJ> A+/Nghd pf ; Nahfht pd ; ,jaj ;jpy ; cs ;sJ. cjhuzkhf> ky ;`u ; vd ;fpw uhfk ;> Nfhgk ;> mjpfg ;gbahd cw ;rhfk ; kw ;Wk ; kd cWjpaw ;w jd ;ikiaf ;$l mikjpgLj ;jty ;yJ vd ek ;gg ;gLfpwJ. `pd N; lhy ; vd ;fpw uhfk ; epidthw ;wiy $u ;ikahf ;fTk ;> xUKfr ;r pe ;jidia mjpfu pf ;fTk ; cjTtjhff ; $wg ;gLfpwJ. ,NjNghy> ,e ;jpaf ; fhyhr ;rhu eld tbtq ;fs ; kd pj cliy Gd pjf ; Nfha pyhf>

A+/Nghdpf; Nahfh ,e;jpahtpd; vl;L fyhr;rhu eld tbtq;fspy; ,uz;bid cs;slq;fpajhFk;: fjf; kw;Wk; xbrp

];uP yq;fhtpy;; xU A+/ Nghdpf; Nahfh gapyuq;F eilngWfpwJ.

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eldk;

Mj ;kht pd ; ehlfr ;rhiyahf kjpf ;fpd ;wd. A+/Nghd pf ; Nahfh> ,e ;jpaht pd ; vl;L fyhr ;rhu eld tbtq ;fs py ;> fjf ; kw ;Wk ; xbr p vd ;w ,uz ;bd ; mofpay ; nrhy ;yfuhjpia cs ;slq ;fpajhFk ;. xt n ; thU mirTk ;> xt n ; thU Kj ;jpiuAk ;> xt n ; thU Njhw ;wg ;ghq ;Fk ;> Md ;k f P Kf ;fpaj ;Jtk ; tha ;e ;jit. ,e ;j eldq ;fs py ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLk ; gy Kj ;jpiufSk ; (if iriffs ;)> Nahfht py ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLk ; Kj ;jpiufSld ; xUq ;FNeu pLk ;. ekJ ift puy ;fs ;> gQ ;r kfhG+jq ;fisNah my ;yJ Ie ;J %yjj ;Jtq ;fshd epyk ;> ePu ;> neUg G; > fhw ;W kw ;Wk ; Mfhak ; Mfpatw ;iwNah Fwpj ;Jf ;fhl;Ltjhf Nahfh nrhy ;fpwJ. khWgl;l Nru ;f ;iffs py ;> xU t puiy kw n ; whU t puYld ; njhlu G; nfhs ;sr ; nra ;tjd ; %yk ;> ekJ clYf ;Fs ; cs ;s Rw ;Wg ;ghijfs ; epiwtiltjhf ek ;gg ;gLfpwJ. ,jd ; %yk ; Mw ;wy ; Rje ;jpukhfg ; gha ;tjhff ; $wg ;gLfpwJ. ,e ;j Mw ;wypd ; Xl;lk ; ey ;y ,uj ;j Xl;lj ;jpidg ; ngw cliy mDkjpf ;fpwJ. ,jd ;%yk ; ePz ;l

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2018

ehisa Rfhjhug ; gad ;fisg ; ngwKbfpwJ. Fwpg ;g pl;l vz ;zq ;fs ;> epfo ;r ;r pfs ;> nray ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; ca pu pdq ;fisj ; nju pt pf ;f> ntt N; tW Kj ;jpiufs ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLfpd ;wd. xt n ; thU Kj ;jpiuAk ; xt n ; thd ;iwf ; Fwpg ;g pl;Lf ; fhl;LtJ (g pujpepjpj ;Jtk ;) kl;Lky ;yhky ;> ekJ clypy ; kpff ; Fwpg ;g pl;l jhf ;fj ;ijAk ; nfhz ;Ls ;sJ. cjhuzkhf> xbr pa py ; jpu p{yh `] ;lh vd ;gJ jpu p{yhitr ; (jpu pR+yk ;) r pj ;ju pf ;Fk ; xU Kj ;jpiu. ,J> Nahfht py ;> clypy ; cs ;s ePusitr ; rkd ; nra ;tjhfTk ;> jirr ; RUf ;fk ; my ;yJ t f P ;fj ;jpdhy ; Vw ;gLk ; typa pidj ; jLg ;gjhfTk ; ek ;gg ;gLk ; tUz ; Kj ;jpiuia xj ;jpUf ;Fk ;. Kj ;jpiufisj ; jt pu> xU eld tbtj ;jpy ; cs ;s kw ;w %yjj ;Jtq ;fSk ; Kf ;fpakhditahFk ;. cjhuzkhf> fjf ;fpy ; cs ;s rf ;fu ;] ; (fhy ; ngUt puiy Cd ;wp Rw ;whl;lk ; MLjy ;) (Rw ;Wfs ;)> rf ;jp kw ;Wk ; ekJ fhy ;fs py ; cs ;s Mw ;wy ; ikaq ;fs py ; xd ;whd %yhjhu rf ;fuj ;jpd ; epiyj ;jd ;ika pid epiwT

tyJ: xU A+/ Nghdpf; Nahfh gapyuq;fpd;NghJ> \;Ujp rJu;yhy; \u;kh> jpfhu; n[apy; ifjpfSld; ,ilaPl;Lg; NgRfpwhu;. ,lJ: A+/ Nghdpf; Nahfhtpd; tof;fkhd gapw;rp xd;wpid Nkilapy; Foe;ijfs; nra;fpwhu;fs;.

nra ;fpwJ. %yhjhur ; rf ;fuk ; vt ;tsT typik tha ;e ;jjhf ,Uf ;fpwNjh> mNj msTf ;F rf ;jp tha ;e ;jjhf rf ;fu ;] ; ,Uf ;Fk ;. kWjiyahf> rf ;fu ;] ; vt ;tsT typik tha ;e ;jjhf ,Uf ;fpwNjh> mNj msTf ;F rf ;jp tha ;e ;jjhf %yhjhur ; rf ;fuk ; ,Uf ;Fk ;. Xir eaj ;Jf N; fw ;wthW ekJ fhy ;fisf ; nfhz ;L MLk ; rf ;fu ;] ; ga pw ;r pahdJ> ekJ fhy ;fs py ; ,uj ;j xl;lj ;jpid mjpfu pj ;J> ntg ;gj ;ij cUthf ;FfpwJ. mJ cq ;fsJ ikag ;gFjpa pid tYthf ;FtJld ;> xUKfr ;r pe ;jidia mjpfu pf ;fTk ; cjTfpwJ. 2016-y ; Jtf ;fg ;gl;ljpypUe ;J> A+/ Nghd pf ; Nahfh> ,e ;jpaht pYk ; mjd ; vy ;iyiaf ; fle ;Jk ; epiwa Mu ;tj ;jpid cz ;Lgz ;z pAs ;sJ. ,e ;j eld tbtj ;jpid ga pw ;Wt pf ;Fk ; ga pyuq ;Ffs ;> GJikahd fw ;g pj ;jy ; cj ;jpfSf ;Fk ;> ,jDila mbj ;jsj ;ij cUthf ;fpa Nahfh> ,ir kw ;Wk ; eldj ;jpd ; rhuhk ;rj ;jpid nfsut pg ;gjw ;Fk ;> ngau n ; gw ;witahFk ;. A+/Nghd pf ; Nahfhit tof ;fkhf ga pw ;r p nra ;jhy ;> mJ> Ntiya py ; cq ;fs ; jpwikia mjpfu pf ;fTk ;> kd mOj ;jj ;jpid Fiwf ;fTk ;> c\hu ;epiya pid cau ;j ;jTk ;>

nghWikAlDk ; Cf ;fKlDk ; ,Uf ;ff ; fw ;Wf n ; fhs ;sTk ;> KbntLf ;Fk ; jpwid Nkk ;gLj ;jTk ;> xNu Neuj ;jpy ; gy gz pfis Nkw n ; fhs ;sr ; nra ;aTk ;> epidTj ;jpwidj ; J}z ;lTk ;> ePu popT Neha ;> %l;L t f P ;fk ;> jk ;g Ks ;se ;jz ;loy ;> clw ;gUkd ; kw ;Wk ; Nrhk ;gy ; Mfpatw ;wpid fl;Lg ;gLj ;jTk ; cjTk ; kw ;Wk ; cq ;fis gy ngu pa Neha ;fs pypUe ;J ghJfhf ;Fk ;. A+/Nghd pf ; Nahfht py ; cs ;slq ;fpAs ;s xt n ; thU MrdKk ;> Nfl;Fk ; jpwd ; kw ;Wk ; Fuy ; gz N; gw ;wj ;jpid Nkk ;gLj ;jTk ;> czu ;r ;r p tuk ;g pid t pu pTgLj ;jTk ;> GJikahd r pe ;jidfisj ; J}z ;lTk ;> ekf ;Fk ; cjTk ; tifa py ; khWgl;l topfs py ; nghUs ; t psf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. Nahfh> eldk ; kw ;Wk ; ,ir Mfpait re ;jj ;jpd ; mbg ;gila pyhdit> kw ;Wk ; ekJ ,jaj ; Jbg ;g pYk ;> ekJ Eiua uP y ; topahf Mf ;r p[d ; gha ;tjpYk ; vd ek ; xt n ; thUtUf ;Fs ;Sk ; re ;jk ; cs ;sJ. A+/ Nghd pf ; Nahfh %yk ; mtu ;fsJ re ;jj ;jpid ekf ;Fs ; cs ;s re ;jj ;Jld ; epiwTnra ;tJ> ekJ cly ; kw ;Wk ; kdj ;jpw ;F kfpo ;r ;r piaf ; nfhz ;Ltuf ;$ba kw ;Wk ; Fzg ;gLj ;jf ;$ba xU fu pk nray ;KiwahFk ;.

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ghuk;ghpak;

tupfSf;F

,ilapy; NfhykpLtJ mofpay; ghuk;gupak; kl;Lky;y> mJNt khepy fyhrhu ghuk;gupaj;jpd; Kf;fpa rpd;dKk; MFk; ciu Rg;upah mfu;thy;

J}uj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghu;j;jy;> njd; ,e;jpa khepyk; jkpo;ehby; vy;yh tPl;bd; Kfg;gpYk; iffshy; ,lg;gl;l Nfhyk; fhz;gjw;F vspikahd ghuk;gupa tbtkigG Nghy; Njhd;Wk;. rw;Nw $u;e;J Nehf;fpdhy;> mjd; fiy EZf;fq;fs; ntspgLtJk;. tbtikg;igAk; jhz;b Nfhyq;fs; ,e;j gFjpapd; fyhr;rhuj;ij cs;slf;fpaJ. NfhykpLtJ khepyk; KOtJk; gy tPLfspYk; ngz;fshy; ehs;NjhWk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; xU rlq;F. tPl;bd; Eiothapy; mfk; khw;Wk; Gwj;Jf;F ,ilNaahd kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j re;jpg;G Gs;sp vd ek;gg;gLfpwJ> NkYk; ,jd; mUfpy; NfhykpLtJ ,e;j kfj;Jt FwpaPl;il tpgupf;Fk;. ,JNghd;w jkpo;ehl;L fyhrhu milahsk; vdf;F khepyj;jpd; jQ;rhT+u; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s mopfpa eufk;> Rthkpkiy tp[aj;jpd;NghJ Kjypy; gupr;rakhdJ. gy;NtW tbtq;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fs; muprp khitg; gad;gLj;jp vspikahf NfhykpLtJ vd;id cldbahf <u;j;jJ. ghuk;gupa Kiwg;gb fhiy my;yJ khiyapy; ,lg;gLk; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 70 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

Nfhyk; ed;ikia Fwpg;gNjhL tuNtw;Fk; tpjkhfTk; cs;sJ. muprp khtpy; mupjhf Njitgl;lhy; kl;LNk nraw;if tz;zq;fs; Nru;f;fg;gLk;. ,J G+rpfSf;F czthf miktjhy; cz;zj;jFe;jjhfTk; ghJfhg;ghdjhfTk; ,UgJ mtrpaNk. ,d;ndhU gpugy ek;gpf;if Ju;rf;jpfis Nfhyk; tpul;Lk;. %Njtp gw;wpa fij ,t;thW nry;fpwJ> ,e;j Jujp\;lj;jpd; ,e;J Njtij Neha;> tWik> Nrhk;gy;> J}f;fk; kw;Wk; Jujpu;\;lk; Mfpatw;iw jUgtshfTk;> thrypy; ,Lk; Nfhyk; mtsplkpUe;J fhf;Fk; vd;gNj ek;gpf;if. xU tPl;Lf;F ntspapy; Nfhyk; ,lhky; ,UgJ vNjh xU Jf;f epfo;T Vw;gl;lij Fwpg;gjhfTk; rpy rkak; ek;gg;gLk;. ,t;thwhf xU r%fj;jpy; kq;fs kw;Wk; mkq;fs epfo;Tfspd; xU tif fhl;rp FwpaPlhf cjTfpwJ. NfhykpLtjw;F Kd;G me;j gFjp ePuhy; fOtg;gLk;. <ukhf cs;s gFjpapNyNa Nfhykplg;gLk;> vdNt tupfs; ed;F tbtk;igGlk; nghUe;JtJ vspJ. vy;yh Nfhyq;fspd; Muk;gKk; Gs;spfNshL cUthFk; mjd; gpwF mjw;fhd

nrd;id ikyhg;G+upy; cs;s xU njU> jpUtpohtpd; NghJ cs;Shu; kf;fshy; Nfhyq;fshy; myq;fupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ

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ghuk;ghpak;

tpupthd tbtj;ij ngWk;. Kf;fpakhf> xU NfhykhdJ tise;j Roy;fs; nfhz;l xU tbtpay; Nfhl;il tiutjhFk;. vy;iyf; NfhLf;F cs;Ns ,Uf;Fk; ntspapy; EioAk; jPa rf;jpfisj; jLf;f> Nfhyj;jpy; NfhLfs; kw;Wk; tisTfs; epiwT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W ek;gg;gLfpwJ. FwpaPl;L uPjpahf> ,e;j NfhLfs; kw;Wk; tisTfs; tPl;bw;Fs; EioAk; jPa rf;jpfisj; jLf;fpd;wd. mit mofhf ,Ue;jhYk;> Nfhyhkpd; Kjd;ik Nehf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J myq;fhuk; vd;gJ ntF njhiytpy; ,Uf;FfpwJ.

gy Mz;Lfshf> njd;dpe;jpahtpd; rkfhy fiyf; fhl;rpf;fhf> Nfhyq;fs; xU Kf;fpa gFjpahf khwpAs;sd

G+r;rpfis jtpu Nfhy muprp khT kw;w tpyq;fpdq;fisAk;> gwitfisAk; cztUe;j tuNtw;fpwJ. ,J kw;wtu;fis tPl;bw;F mioj;J mtu;fisAk; xUtupd; md;whl tho;tpy; gq;F ngw nra;tjpd; xU topahFk;. NfhykpLjy; ,e;j R+oypy;> ,aw;ifapd; xj;jpirthd xj;Jiog;gpw;Fk; mj;Jld; Rw;Wr;R+oy; rkepiyf;Fk; jpdrup fhzpf;ifahf mikfpwJ. tbtq;fspd; mbg;gilapy;> xU Nfhy tbtikg;G fiy $Wfspd; njhFg;G kw;Wk; Ez; FwpaPLfs; Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. gwitfs;> kPd; kw;Wk; kw;w tpyq;fpdq;fypd; cUtfq;fs; kdpjDf;Fk; tpyq;FfSf;F ,ilNaahd xUq;fpizg;ig fhl;LfpwJ. R+upad;> re;jpud; kw;Wk; gy;NtW uhrp rpd;dq;fs; $l ,jpy; ,lk; ngWk;. nghJthf> fPo;Nehf;fpa nrt;tf tbtk; ngz;izAk;> Nky;Nehf;fpa nrt;tf tbtk; MizAk; Fwpf;Fk;; tl;l tbtk; ,aw;fAiaAk;>

tyr;Rw;wpy; ,lg;Gwk; NkypUe;J: ghuk;gupakhf> xU Nfhyj;jpd; tbtikg;G xU Gs;spfspd; njhFg;gpypUe;J njhlq;FfpwJ; nrd;id tl;lhuj;jpy; cs;s ngz; njUtpy; NfhykpLfpwhu;; NfhykpLjy; vd;gJ jkpo; FLk;gq;fspy; ngz;fshy; nra;ag;gLk; jpdrup rlq;F

,e;jpa juprdk; | 72 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

NkNy: MNuhtpy; efupy; elf;Fk; rq;fkk; jpUtpohtpy; ngz;fs; FO xU tz;zkakhd Nfhyj;ij ,Lfpd;wdu; tyJ: nghq;fy; jpUtpohtpd; NghJ jq;fs; ,y;yq;fSf;F ntspNa Nfhyq;fis ,Lk; Fapyghyak; thrpfs;

NfhykpLjy; ,aw;ifapd; xj;jpirthd xj;Jiog;gpw;F jpdrup fhzpf;ifahf mikfpwJ rJu tbT fyhr;rhuj;ijAk;> jhkiu fUtiwiaAk;> Ie;J %iyfs; nfhz;l tpz;kPd; tbtk; gQ;r G+jj;ijAk; Fwpf;Fk;. ,it midj;Jk; tpiuthd> epGzj;Jt ,af;fq;fSld; ifahy; tiuag;gLfpd;wd. cz;ikapy;> jkpo;ehl;by; xU Nfhyk; tiuag;gLtij ePq;fs; fhz;gJ fz;ftu; mDgtq;fspy; xd;whFk;. rpwpa Gs;spfs; epkplq;fspy; xU myq;fupf;fg;gl;l> fz;ftu; tbtkhf khWk;. vdNt> xU Nfhyk; xU tPl;bd; ngUikf;Fupa tp\akhFk; vd;gjpy; Mr;rupakpy;iy. Rthkpkiy thrpahd yl;Rkp vd;dplk; nrhy;fpwhu; 'G+khNjtp (G+kpia Fwpf;Fk;)> yl;Rkp (nry;tk; kw;Wk; nrOkiaapd; ,e;J ngz; nja;tk;)> R+u;ah (ey;y

MNuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; Qhdj;ij Fwpf;Fk; R+upa flTs;) kw;Wk; tpehafu; (ahid jiy nfhz;l flTs;> jilfis ePf;Fgtu; vd miof;fg;gLfpwhu;) Mfpa Fwpg;gpl;l Mz; ijtq;fisAk; ngz; ijtq;fisAk; nfsutpf;f> miof;f> tuNtw;f kw;Wk; ed;wp njuptpf;f ehq;fs; NfhykpLfpNwhk;." kd;dpg;G Nfl;f> G+kp kPJ ehk; mb itf;f> elf;f kw;Wk; ghukhf ,Ug;gij epidT+l;lTk; kd;dpg;G Nfl;fTk; Nfhyk; fhl;rpg; nghUshf tpsq;FfpwJ. gy;NtW fiyQu;fSk; fiy kw;Wk; iftpid tbtq;fSf;fhd jq;fsJ tbtq;fs; kw;Wk; fUg;nghUs;fisf; nfhz;L tUtJld; gy Mz;Lfshf> njd;dpe;jpahtpd; rkfhy fiyf; fhl;rpf;fhf Nfhyq;fs; xU Kf;fpa gFjpahf khwpAs;sd. gz;ila ghuk;gupak; Kjy; etPd mofpay; tiu> Nfhyq;fs; E} w;Wf;fzf;fhd Mz;LfSf;F Kd;du; ,Ue;jijg; NghyNt ,d;Wk; nghUj;jkhf ,Uf;fpd;wd> NkYk; jkpo;ehl;bd; fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; fiy ghuk;gupaj;jpd; xU Nerj;Jf;Fupa gFjpahFk;.

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rpdpkh

Gjpa

ajhu;j;jj;ij

nea;jy; etPd ,e;jpahtpd; r%f epju;rdj;ij tptupf;Fk; ajhu;j;jkhd fjhghj;jpuq;fisf; nfhz;l El;gkhd fijfis nfhz;l jpiug;glq;fspd; njhFg;Gld; ,e;jp rpdpkh kPz;Lk; ,sikia mile;Js;sJ. ciu Mu;j;jp fG+u;

fle;j rpy tUlq;fshf> ,e;jpa jpiug;glq;fs; kpf mupjhfj; njhlg;gLk; r%f ajhu;j;jq;fspd; mk;rq;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;j NjbtUfpwJ my;yJ ePjpNghjidfspypUe;J jpirkhwpa khWgl;l El;gkhd fijahlYld; $ba Ngrg;gl;l gpur;ridfis Muha Kw;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,J Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ Vnddpy; ~fiy| glq;fs; kl;LNk jdpj;J ghu;itahsu;fspd; rpe;jidf;F jPdpahFk; xNu Mjhuk; ,y;iy> ah\; uh[; / gpypk;]; kw;Wk; ju;kh jahupg;ghsu;fs; Nghd;w ngupa epWtd jahupg;ghsu;fSk; $l mjpf ajhu;j;jkhd> glglg;ghd jpiug;glq;fis vLf;f Kide;Js;sdu;. ah\; uh[; /gpypk;]; fle;j fhyq;fspy; $l r%f ajhu;j;jq;fspd; gpujpgypg;ghf glq;fis jahupj;Js;sJ: lhf;> fhyh gj;jhu; kw;Wk; k\hy; Nghd;wit 1970 kw;Wk; 80 fspy; mtu;fspd; Neu;j;jpahd gilg;Gf;fshFk;. 90 fspy; ghypTl; xU Fwpg;gplj;jf;f ,iznahj;j khw;wj;jpw;F cl;gl;lJ: mJ ky;bgpsf;]; fhl;rp mDgtj;jpd; Jbg;ghd ,e;jpa juprdk; | 74 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

njhlf;fkhFk;. jpiuf;fijahrpupau;fs; mjpub> eifr;Rit> jpfpy; Mfpa vy;yhtw;wpypUe;Jk; xU gFjpia xNu jpiuf;fijapy; Nghl;L jpiuauq;fpy; 1000 ,Uf;iffis epug;g Ntz;Lnkd;fpw mtrpakpy;iy. rpyNu ghu;j;jhYk; $l jahupg;ghsu;fs; mjpf tUthiag; ngWfpd;wdu;. ,e;j khw;wj;jpw;F jpiuf;fijNa nghWg;ghFk;. jpiug;gl gilg;ghspfs; mjpf trjp gilj;j ,e;jpau;fspd; tho;f;ifia Ma;e;jwpe;J jpiug;glq;fs; vLf;fj; njhlq;fpAs;sdu; NkYk; ru;tNjr ,yf;Ffs; jpiuapy; Njhd;wj; njhlq;fpAs;sJ. ,e;j Neuj;jpy; jahupf;fg;gl;l gy jpiug;glq;fs; ,e;jpa et ehfupf eLj;ju tu;f;fj;jpdupd; Mu;tj;jpw;F tpUe;J gilj;jJ. mtu;fSf;F jpdrup epju;rdq;fspypUe;J Xa;it nfhLj;jJ. ,J jhd; xU topapy; nry;Yyha;by; cyfkakhf;fy; MFk;. ,d;W> fij nrhy;Yk; ghzp kPz;Lk; khwpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. xU Gjpa jpiug;gl gilg;ghspfspd; $l;lk; xU khw;wj;Jld; ,e;jp rpdpkhtpw;Fs;

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rpdpkh

tyr;Rw;W NkypUe;J: `pe;jp kPbak;; Ra; jhfh; Nkl; ,d; ,e;jpah; gpq;f; jpiug;glq;fspd; fhl;rpg;glq;fs;

ajhu;j;jj;ij nfhz;L te;Js;sJ. ah\; uh[; gl;liwapd; Gjpa ntspaPlhd Ra; jhfh> jd;dpiwtpd; eilKiwfis guprPypf;fpwJ> NkYk; ~,e;jpa jahupg;gpd;| Jbg;ig nfhz;lhLfpwJ> Mdhy; ePjpNghjid nrhw;nwhlu;fs; my;yJ Mtzg;glk; Nghd;w cz;ik tho;f;if rpj;jupg;Gfs; ,y;yhky;. Mdhy; mjw;Fk; mjpfkhd tp\aq;fs; mq;F ,Uf;fpwJ. glj;jpd; cw;rhfkhd kdepiy mjd; ,jaj;jpd; nra;jpia kiwf;fhJ> NkYk; me;j nra;jp ,e;jpahit Nghy Kf;fpa fjhghj;jpuq;fshd nks[p kw;Wk; kk;jhitg; gw;wpaJ. ,e;j fij ijay; ,ae;jpuj;ij MAjkhfTk;> fz;fspy; fdTfs; kw;Wk; iffspy; khah[hyj;ijAk; Jizahff; nfhz;L

,g;NghJ gy;NtW jpiug;glq;fs; ngz;fSf;F mjpfhukspj;jiyg; gw;wpa El;gkhd ghu;itia vLj;J tUfpd;wd ,e;jpa juprdk; | 76 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

jq;fs; nrhe;j cs;Shu; /Ng\d; Nygpshd Ra; jhfhit epWTtij Nehf;fpa xU vspikahd FLk;gj;jpd; gazj;ij gpd;njhlu;fpwJ. nghJthfNt> ,e;jpa kf;fs; Kd;ndg;NghJk; ,y;yhj mstpw;F rpdpkhj;jdkhd fijahliyj; Njb ,aq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. Ra; jhfhtpy; cs;sJ Nghy rpy rkak; cyfj;jpd; epajpahf ,Uf;Fk; epjp rhu;e;j rthy;fSk; vjpu;ghuhj jilfSk; epiwe;j Ra Ntiytha;g;G> ,e;j fhyfl;lj;jpy; epiwa ,e;jpau;fs; milahsq;fhZk; ,yl;rpakhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ngUik> tplhKaw;rp kw;Wk; ntw;wp Mfpatw;iwg; gw;wpa ,jak; njhLk; fijiaf; nfhz;l ,e;jj; jpiug;glk;> mj;jpahtrpakhd ek;gpf;iff;Fupa cyff; fz;Nzhl;lj;ij toq;FfpwJ. ,e;jpah mjd; nrhe;jf; fhy;fspy; cau;e;J epw;fpwJ> mjd; kf;fs; ehl;il caNu cau;j;Jtjw;fhd jpwd;fisAk; Mw;wiyAk; nfhz;Ls;sdu;. ~,e;jpa jahupg;G| vd;fpw nra;jpia Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jp> NkYk; ,e;jj; jpiug;glk; ,e;jpa iftpidj;jpwid Gfo; ntspr;rj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L tUfpwJ> nerthsu;fspd; jpwd;fisAk; tho;f;if

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KiwfisAk; NkYk; ,e;jpahtpd; mofpay; milahsj;jpw;F mJ vt;tsT Kf;fpakhdJ vd;gijAk; Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jpf; fhl;LfpwJ. vOj;jhsUk; ,af;FeUkhd \uj; flhupah ntw;wp kw;Wk; Nghl;b kdepiy xd;wpize;J nray;gLk; md;gpw;Fupa nrhy;yhliy ifahs;fpwhu;> ghuk;gupaj;jpw;Fk; etPdj;Jtj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa njhlf;f epiyapd; kPJ ftdj;ij nrYj;jpa 2015 Mk; Mz;L mtUila ,af;Fdu; iftz;zj;jpy; ntspte;j Jk; yfh Nf i`]h glj;ij kpfTk; xj;jpUf;fpwJ. Jk; yfh Nf i`]h jpiug;glj;jpy; MbNah Nfrl;LfSf;F gjpy; rpbf;fs; ,lk; gpbg;gJ khWk; fhyj;jpw;fhf cUtfkhf MfpAs;sJ. Ra; jhfhtpy; ,e;jpah ru;tNjr muq;fpy; jpwd;fisAk; fUtpfisAk; gad;gLj;jp mjd; fiy Kj;jpiuia epWt KbAk; vd;Wk; epiyehl;bf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;Wk; xU ijay; ,ae;jpuk; milahsf; FwpaPlhf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ey;y kdepiyapd; cw;rhfj;ij nfhz;l ,e;j jpiug;glk; ,e;jpa Kd;Ndw;wj;ij ,af;Fk; njhopy; KidTj;jpwDf;F rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l xU ftpijahFk;. NkYk; ,jpy; mbj;js kf;fspd; tho;tpaiyg; gw;wpa xU ajhu;j;jkhd ghu;itAk; ,Uf;fpwJ> Nguhu;tj;ijAk; jPu;khdj;ijAk; mjpfhukhf khw;w KbAk; vd;W cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ. ,g;NghJ gy;NtW jpiug;glq;fs;

tyr;Rw;W NkypUe;J: ghu;r;l; `pr;fp; khrhd; jpiug;glq;fspd; fhl;rpg;glq;fs;.

ngz;fSf;F mjpfhukspj;jiyg; gw;wpa El;gkhd ghu;itia vLj;J tUfpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; mkpjhg; gr;rd; ebj;j gpq;f; mj;Jld; uhjpfh Mg;Nj ebj;j rpW jahupg;G epWtdj;jpd; jpiug;glkhd ghu;r;l; Nghd;w jpiug;glq;fSk; cs;slq;Fk;. ajhu;j;j fijfspd; kPjhd ghu;itahsu;fspd; Mu;tk; mjpfupj;jpUg;gjw;F xUNtis> ,e;jpahtpy; ,isa jiyKiwapdupilNa ngUkstpy; r%f kw;Wk; murpay; tpopg;Gzu;T mjpfupj;jpUg;gJk; $l fhuzkhf ,Uf;fyhk;. gy;NtW jpiug;glq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l murhq;fj; jpl;lq;fis rhu;e;J ,Ug;gjpy; Mr;rupakpy;iy: `pe;jp kPbak; (2017) kw;Wk; `pr;fp (2018) jpiug;glq;fs; fy;tp cupik rl;lj;ij Rw;wp Roy;fpwJ mNj rkak; lha;yl; jpiug;glKk; Vf; g;Nuk; fjh Tk; ];tr; ghuj; mgpahDld; njhlu;G nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,e;jp jpiug;glq;fs; kPz;Lk; ,sikia mile;Js;sJ> ,e;j Kiw ftd <u;g;ig ngWk; fij> ehl;L kf;fspd; tho;f;ifapd; topNa nrhy;yg;gLk; ,e;jpahtpd; fijahFk;.

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w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

fiy

,jaj;jpd;

nghUl;lhd fiy brk;gu; 12, 2018 Kjy; khu;r; 29, 2019 tiu eilngwtpUf;Fk;> njw;fhrpahtpd; kpfg;ngupa rkfhy fiyepfo;r;rpfspy; xd;whd> nfhr;rp-Krpwpapd; ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw elf;Fk; fiyepfo;r;rp> Nfus kf;fSf;F Mjutspg;gJld;> fUj;J Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd xU Nkilia cUthf;f cyfk; KOtJKs;s fiyQu;fis xd;WNru;f;f thf;FWjpaspf;fpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 78 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

NkNy: 'rpf;fpaJ> ,d;\h kd;R+uhy; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;ljy;y" vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l xU fiyg;gilg;G. NkNy tyJgf;fk;: fiyQu; mdp\; fG+upd; 'fUj;J Ntw;Wik"

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2018

| 79 |

thu;j;ijapid njhlq;Ftjw;Fkhd xU topKiwahfg; gad;gLj;JtJ Fwpj;J Muha;fpwJ. fiyQu; vd;w Kiwapyhd mtuJ tho;f;if KOtJk; murpay; <Lghl;bd; vy;iyfis njhlu;e;J js;sp itj;j JNg mtu;fs;> ,e;j Ma;Tg;nghUis> ,jpy; fye;J nfhs;Sk; fiyQu;fis Nju;e;njLg;gjw;fhf kl;Lkd;wp> fz;fhl;rpf;F mg;ghw;gl;L ,e;j fiyepfo;r;rpapd; khjpupia njupag;gLj;Jtjw;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jpAs;shu;fs;. fz;fhl;rp khjpup NghJkhdjhf ,y;iynad;Wk;> NtW VNjh Njitg;gLtjhfTk;> mtuJ nghWg;ghsUf;fhd nray;Kiwapy; czu;e;jjhf JNg mtu;fs; njuptpj;Js;shu;fs;. xUNtis> jpl;lkplg;gl;l nrhw;nghopT kw;Wk; tpupTiu kl;Lkpd;wp> kiyahs glg;ghlyhfNth my;yJ [{bj; gl;yupd; xU tpupTiuahfNth> vJthf ,Ug;gpDk;> xUtu; nrhy;tij kw;wtu; Nfl;gjw;F ,izajs Rje;jpuj;ijg; w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

fiy

gad;gLj;Jfpw> ahu; Ngryhk;> vd;d Ngryhk;> ve;j nkhopapy; Ngryhk; vd;fpw gbepiyfs; ,y;yhj ciuahly;fSf;F mikg;G Kiwaw;w xU nghJ ,lk; jPu;thf ,Uf;Fk;. vdNtjhd;> ,e;j fiyepfo;r;rp> fz;fhl;rp kw;Wk; xt;nthUtUk; nghUg;ghsuhf tpsq;ff;$ba tpjhd kz;lgk; vd;fpw gutyhd> nray;jpwDs;s> fl;blf;fiy rhu;e;j ,lk; vd;fpw ,uz;L gFjpfshf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. by;ypiar; Nru;e;j mdf;uk; Mu;fpnlf;l;]; vd;w epWtdj;jhy; tbtikf;fg;gl;l ,e;j tpjhd kz;lgk;> xt;nthUtUk;> mtu;fs; Nghw;Wfpw mtu;fsJ gilg;gpid my;yJ gilg;Gfis ntspg;gilahf gfpu;e;Jnfhs;s mDkjpf;fpwJ kw;Wk; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; tUifahsuhy; jPtpukhf tbtikf;fg;gl;l ,lj;jpid ,e;j fiyepfo;r;rp mspf;fpwJ. ,e;j re;jpg;gplj;jpy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;Ls;s gilg;Gfs; gw;wpa tUifahsupd; mwptpid tpupTgLj;jTk; ,e;j tpjhd kz;lgj;jpid gad;gLj;jyhk;. cjhuzkhf> nfhupy;yh Nfu;s;]; vd;fpw Mu;tyu; FOtpd; tpjpKiw jOtpa mnkupf;ff; fiyQuhy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;l eifr;Ritahd> Jz;L tpsk;gug;gyifahy; xU tUifahsu; ftug;gl;bUe;jhy;> mtu;fsJ tuyhW kw;Wk; gof;fk; Fwpj;J NkYk; tptuq;fisg; ngWtjw;Fk;> mtu;fSf;F njupe;jij kw;wtu;fSld; gfpu;e;Jnfhs;tjw;Fk; ,e;j tpjhd kz;lgj;jpid gad;gLj;jyhk;. nghWg;ghsUf;fhd nray;Kiw kw;Wk; Ma;tpd; xU gFjpahf> JNg mtu;fs; nkhj;jk; ehLfSf;F gazk; nra;jhu;. mq;F kpfg;ngUk; vz;zpf;ifapyhd fiyepfo;r;rpapd; jdpg;gl;l Mjuthsu;fs; kw;Wk; fiy epWtdq;fshy;

mtu; tuNtw;fg;gl;lhu;. mtuJ gazj;jpy; mtu; gfpu;e;Jnfhz;l Mw;wy; tha;e;j nray;Kiwfs; kw;Wk; ciuahly;fis ,jpy; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; fiyQu;fspd; gl;bay; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. cjhuzkhf> ,e;j ehl;bd; kw;Wk; cyfk; KOtJk; cs;s kUj;Jtkidfspy; gzpahw;Wfpw kiyahsp nrtpypau;fSf;F kupahij nrYj;Jfpw tifapy; ryhk; Nrr;rp vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l ePypkh N\f; vd;w ,e;jpaf; fiyQupd; mikjpahd> Neu;j;jpahd Xtpaq;fs;> nfhupy;yh Nfu;s;] pd; Jzpthd tpag;Gf;FwpfSld; xg;gpLifapy; NtWgl;l jd;ik nfhz;ljhf cs;sJ. ,e;j fiyepfo;r;rpapy;> njd;dhg;gpupf;fhitr; Nru;e;j midtuhYk; ghuhl;lg;gLfpw fiyQu; tpy;ypak; nfd;l;upl;[;> rlq;fpay;G kw;Wk; ,ir %yk; tuyhw;wpy; fle;J te;j fhyj;jpid Mo;e;J rpe;jpf;fpw tifapyhd epWty;fis xU miwKOtJk; mspf;fpwhu;. kWGwk;> nfhr;rpiar; Nru;e;j tpgpd; jDu;judpd; gilg;G> mtuJ efuj;jpy; cs;s FbNawpa FOf;fspd; gpuhe;jpa czTg; gof;ftof;fq;fspd; %ykhfTk;> ,e;j fiyepfo;r;rpapd; fhyf;fl;lkhd 108 ehl;fspy; nkJthf tsu;fpw xU jpl;lkhd jpwe;jntsp r%fr;rikayiwia mikg;gjd; %ykhfTk; r%ff; $l;likg;gpid cUthf;Ftjpy; <LgLfpwJ. gpujhd ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpapd; fz;fhl;rp kw;Wk; tpjhd kz;lgj;Jld; Nru;j;J> khztu;fspd; ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rp kw;Wk; ngg;gu; `T]; nurpnld;rpapd; fz;fhl;rp cl;gl gy ,izepfo;r;rpfisAk; nfhr;rp toq;Fk;. khztu;fspd; ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpahdJ

,lkpUe;J tyk;: nghWg;ghsu; mdpjh JNg; Vw;fdNt eilngw;w ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xUKiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpapd;NghJ fiyf;fhl;rpf; $lj;jpw;F te;jpUe;j xU Foe;ijfspd; $l;lk;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 80 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

Vw;fdNt eilngw;w nfhr;rp-Krpwpapd; ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xUKiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpapy; Nfkpy; ehu;nkd;l;-My; g;iuk; 2016 vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l xU epWty;

2014 -ypUe;J ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpf;F ,iznahj;J ele;JtUfpw nfhr;rp gad;Ndy; gTd;Nl\dpd; Kaw;rpfspy; kpfg;ngupajhFk;. njw;fhrpahtpypUe;J te;Js;s Ez;fiyg; gl;ljhup kw;Wk; KJfiyg; gl;ljhup khztu;fs;> 'epidf;fpwgb nra;jy;" vd;fpw Ma;Tg;nghUisr; Rw;wp cUthf;fg;gl;l jpl;lq;fs; my;yJ fw;wypd; cUthf;Fjskhf fiyj; jahupg;gpid ikag;gLj;Jk; tpjkhd fhl;rpfis fhl;rpf;F itg;ghu;fs;. ed;F mwpag;gl;l fy;tpahsu;fs;> nghWg;ghsu;fs; kw;Wk; fiyg; gapw;rpahsu;fshy; khztu;fspd; jpl;lq;fs; Nju;T nra;ag;gLk;. ,e;j gTd;Nl\dhy; tUlk; KOtJk; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLfpw ngg;gu; `T]; nurpnld;rp vd;w kw;nwhU epfo;r;rp> ru;tNjrf; fiyQu;fis nfhr;rpf;F mioj;J tUfpwJ. mq;F mtu;fs; ,uz;L khj fhyk; jq;fp gilg;Gf;fhd mikg;Gfis cUthf;Ffpwhu;fs;. Clfk; kw;Wk; fUj;jstpy; ngUk;ghYk; khWgl;l mtu;fsJ gilg;Gfs; Kbf;fg;gl;L ,e;j ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpapd;NghJ mjw;F ,izahd fz;fhl;rpapy; kPz;Lk; epWtg;gLfpwJ.

vu;zhf;Fsk; efu;g;Gwj;jpy; cs;s xU muR kUj;Jtkidapy; xt;nthU Gjd; fpoikAk; gpzpePf;Fk; fiy rhu;e;j xU ,ir epfo;r;rpia ,e;j gTd;Nl\d; toq;FfpwJ. ~fiy kw;Wk; kUe;J| vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l ,e;j njhlu; epfo;r;rp mjDila 250-tJ epfo;r;rpia ,e;j tUlk; fle;JtpLk;. 2018-k; tUl gjpg;gpy; cs;s fiyQu;fs; mjw;fhd jsNtiyfis Vw;fdNt Jtf;fptpl;lhu;fs;. ,e;j ehd;fhtJ nfhr;rp-Krpwp ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw eilngWk; fiyepfo;r;rpahdJ> mjid toq;Fk; khepyk;> xU E}w;whz;bd; kpf Nkhrkhd ,aw;ifr; rPw;wj;jpid vjpu;nfhz;l ehd;F khjj;jpw;Fg; gpwF tUfpwJ. vy;yh miw$tYf;fpilapYk; ek;gpf;ifahd kdepiyiag; gug;Gk; tifapy;> mjid Vw;ghL nra;gtu;fs;> Vw;fdNt Nghlg;gl;l fhy ml;ltizapd;gb Nkw;nfhz;L Vw;ghLfis nra;fpwhu;fs;. Ngupluhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltu;fSf;F cjTk; tifapy; gpuhe;jpa kw;Wk; cyfshtpa fiyr; r%fj;jpid xd;WNru;f;f> me;j gTd;Nl\d; Mu;f; (Nfushtpw;fhf fiy vOk;GfpwJ) vd;fpw epfo;r;rpiaf; $l Jtf;fpAs;sJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 81 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

rikaw;fiy

kfh

,e;jpa jhyp czT+l;lk; kw;Wk; gUtfhy mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghLfspd;gb> ,e;jpahtpd; jhyp> ftdkhd Kiwapy; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;L rkd; nra;ag;gl;l Cl;lr;rj;Jfs; kw;Wk; fdpkq;fis> Ritahd gutYf;Fs; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. mtw;Ws;> ePq;fs; mLj;j Kiw ,e;j ehl;Lf;F tUk;NghJ> fz;bg;ghf Kaw;rp nra;J ghu;f;fNtz;ba Mwpid ehq;fs; cq;fSf;F nfhz;L tUfpNwhk;. ciu khJypfh lh~

tpthjj;jpw;F vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> ,e;jpahtpd; kpfTk; Nerpf;fg;gl;l rikay; kuG> jhyp> my;yJ tifg;gLj;jg;gl;l czTfs; mlq;fpa jl;L> xd;WNru;eJ ; cUthf;Fk; KOikahd czT vd;gJ xU gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; rikaw;fiy kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj;jpd; Kf;fpakhd mbg;gilf; nfhz;lhl;lkhFk;. xt;nthU jhypAk; czT+l;lk; kw;Wk; gUtfhyk; vd;w ,uz;L mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghLfspd;gbahdJ. czT tiffisj; Nju;en ; jLg;gJ xUNghJk; jw;Nghf;fhdjy;y. xt;nthU nghUSk;> xU Kf;fpakhd Cl;lr;rj;jpy; tsk; kpFe;jjhFk;. ,e;jpahtpd; gy;NtW gpuhe;jpaq;fspypUe;J mtrpak; Kaw;rp nra;aNtz;ba MW el;rj;jpug; guty;fs; ,q;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

m];]hkP]; jhyp tlfpof;F ,e;jpahit mjDila cztpd; %yk; vg;NghjhtJ ePqf ; s; Muha tpUk;gpdhy;> m];]hkP]; jhypapypUe;J cq;fsJ rikay; gazj;ijj; njhlq;FtJ rupahd Nju;thf ,Uf;Fk;. ,e;jg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; gy goq;Fbapdupd; jhf;fj;jpid cs;slf;fpa ,e;j jhyp> clYf;fhd Cl;lk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gpd; rkd; nra;ag;gl;l njhFg;ghFk;. thiog;goj;jpidg; gad;gLj;jp jahupf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa juprdk; | 82 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

~fu;| vd;W ngauplg;gl;l fhukhd fiuriy Kf;fpakhd fyitf;$whff; nfhz;ljhy; ~fu;| vd;W ngauplg;gl;l czT tifAld;> czT Muk;gpf;fpwJ. ey;y nrupkhdj;jpid vspjhf;Fk; Gspg;Gr;Ritapd; $Wfis cs;slq;Fk; ,J> kPjKs;s czTf;fhff; Fliy jahu;nra;tjw;fhd tpopg;ghd eltbf;ifahf ek;gg;gLfpwJ. m];]hkP]; jhyp> rhjhuzkhf nlq;fh vd;w czT tifAld; KbtilfpwJ. ~nlq;fh| vd;w thu;ji ; jia cz;ikapy; nkhopngau;gG ; nra;jhy; ~Gspg;G| vdg; nghUs; tUk;. ,J xU kPd; fwpahfNth> my;yJ ehuj;ij goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfisg; gad;gLj;jp nra;ag;gl;l fwpahfNth ,Uf;fyhk;. gha;ll ; hgl; (fLF vz;nza;> ntq;fhak; kw;Wk; kpsfhAld; gf;Ftg;gLj;jg;gl;L nehjpf;fitf;fg;gl;l muprp)> gpl;bfh ($ohf;fg;gl;l fha;fwpfs;> Ntfitf;fg;gl;lJ my;yJ tWf;fg;gl;lJ) kw;Wk; CWfha; (g;NuhgNahbf; $Wfs; nfhz;lJ) cl;gl cs;s czT tiffs; gupkhwg;gl;l kw;w czT tiffs; MFk;. krhyh kw;Wk; Nrhbak; Fiwthf cs;s ,e;j jhyp> cs;Shu; fPiufs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifahf tpisAk; cg;ghd nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;JtJ gw;wpajhFk;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 83 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

rikaw;fiy

xU ghuk;gupa gQ;rhgp czTg;guty;

gQ;rhgp jhyp jhy; kf;fhdp> rhu;rh fh rhf;> g[;u fp nuhl;b kw;Wk; ntz;nza; Nfhopf;fwpf;F ed;F mwpag;gl;l gQ;rhgp jhypapd; moF> mJ> tpau;jJ ; tbAk; Nfhilf;fhyk; kw;Wk; fLq;Fspuhd Fspu;fhyk; Nghd;w me;j gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; Nkhrkhd fhyepiyf;F Vw;w czTtiffis vt;thW xd;wpizf;fpwJ vd;gjpy; ,Uf;fpwJ. gQ;rhgp jhyp> rQ;[h Ry;`h vd;w r%f ghuk;gupak; my;yJ r%f mLg;giwapidr; Rw;wp cUthf;fg;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ. ,jd; xU kpfr;rpwe;j gjpg;G> NfhJik my;yJ g[;uhtpdhy; nra;ag;gl;l jl;ilahd nuhl;b - gUg;G> xU fpz;zk; fPiu> griyf; fPiu (Fspu; fhyj;jpy; rhu;rd;> Nfhilf;fhyj;jpy; gyf;) kw;Wk; Ks;sq;fp my;yJ Nful; Nghd;w Ntu;ff ; ha;fwpAld; $ba Gjpjhf eWf;fg;gl;l ntq;fhak; Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. nea;iag; (njspthd ntz;nza;) gad;gLj;jp cUthf;fg;gl;l ,e;j czT> fha;fwpfSld; $ba Cl;lr;rj;J kw;Wk; vjpu; Mf;rpfuzpfspd; njhFg;gpid nfhLf;Fk; Ntisapy;> jl;ilahd nuhl;bapy; cs;s fhu;Nghi`l;Nul;bd; ew;gz;Gfis gUg;gpy; cs;s GNuhl;Bd; rf;jpAld; xUq;fpizj;J ,e;jpa juprdk; | 84 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

mspf;fpwJ. Gj;jk;Gjpa ntq;fhak; Nky;thiar; Rj;jg;gLj;jTk;> tpl;lkpd; rp-f;fhd MjhukhfTk; gzpahw;WfpwJ; ghy; kw;Wk; japiuf; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gl;l tof;fkhd Nfhilfhy ghdkhd y];]p> tUlj;jpd; ntg;gkhd khjq;fspy; jhypAld; Nru;jJ ; mbf;fb gupkhwg;gLfpwJ. mjDila Gspj;j gz;Gfs; nrupkhdj;jpw;F cjTfpd;wd. Fspu;fhyj;jpy;> ekJ clYf;Fs; ,Ue;J ntg;gg;gLj;Jk;> nty;yj;jpidg; gad;gLj;jp jahupf;fg;gl;l xU ,dpg;ghd Fu; fh `y;thTld; czT njhlq;FfpwJ. tUlj;jpd; Fspuhd khjq;fspy; ,iwr;rp> gQ;rhgp jhypAld; xUq;fpize;jJ vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ.

uh[];jhd; jhyp ePbj;j Efu;tpd; xU mofhd cjhuzkhd uh[];jhdp jhyp> gy NtWghLfis cilaJ. khepyj;jpd; xt;nthU iky;fSf;Fk; ,J NtWgLtjhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ! gue;j mstpy;> Nkthup jhyp kw;Wk; khu;thup jhyp vd ,J ,uz;L tifahfg; gpupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jpy; xd;W ,iwr;rpia mjpfkhff; nfhz;bUf;Fk;NghJ> kw;nwhd;W fha;fwpfis mjpfkhff; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ghl;b my;yJ jbj;j nuhl;b> gUg;G> xU fha;fwp jahupg;G>

japiu mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l xU Fok;G czTtif> CWfha; kw;Wk; vg;NghjhtJ Nru;jJ ; f; nfhs;sg;gLk; xU ,iwr;rp czT tifAld; $ba rl;dp tiffs; Mfpatw;iw ,uz;Lk; nghJthff; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. fpl;lj;jl;l ,jDila $Wfs; midj;Jk; nkJthf rikf;fg;gl;lit kw;Wk; xt;nthU Ritg;nghUSk; xU jdpj;Jtkhd Rit kw;Wk; mikg;gpidf; nfhz;lit vd;gJ ,e;j jhypapd; xU rpwg;Gf;$W MFk;. gpugykhd czTtifahd> xt;nthU uh[];jhdp jhypapd; xU njhFg;G vd;gJ fpl;lj;jl;l nfu; rhq;fu; p vd;fpw> fLF vz;nza;> KO rptg;G kpsfha;fs; kw;Wk; khq;fhapidg; gad;gLj;jp jahupf;fg;gl;l cyu;ej ; ehfg;goq;fs; kw;Wk; ,sQ;rptg;G gPd] ; pd; xU jahupg;G MFk;. CWfhapd; mikg;Gld;> ,J nrupkhdj;jpw;F cfe;jjhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ.

F[uhj;jp jhyp japu; kw;Wk; fliykhtpid rhku;jj ; pakhf gad;gLj;Jtjd; mbg;gilapy; jahupf;fg;gl;l czTtiffspd; kpfg;ngupa Nrfupg;G vd;W ngUikAld; $wpf;nfhs;sf;$ba xU jhyp ,Uf;fpwnjd;why;> mJ F[uhj;jp jhyp MFk;. ePzl ; Neuk; cl;fhu;eJ ; Ntiynra;af;$ba

NkNy tyJ: lhy; ghl;b uh[];jhdp czTg; gutYf;F cs;shu;e;jjhFk;. tyJ: xU uh[];jhdp jhyp.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 85 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

rikaw;fiy

,lJ: Njhf;yh]; F[uhj;jp jhypAld; xUq;fpize;jjhFk;. fPNo: ghuk;gupakhf> rj;ah xU ,iy kPJ gupkhwg;gLfpwJ.

njhopy; nra;gtu;fSf;fhf fUj;jhf;fk; nra;ag;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpw ,e;j jhypapy; cs;s gy czTtiffs;> czT+l;lk; kw;Wk; vil Fiwe;j epiy vd;w ,uz;L nfhs;iffspd;ghy; Ntiynra;fpd;wd. cjhuzj;jpw;F> gpugykhd Njhf;yhit vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. Ntfitj;j Nff; Nghd;w ,e;j rpw;Wz;b czT> vilFiwe;j kw;Wk; mjDila Fiwe;j fpisnrkpf; FwpaPlb ; dhy; (xU czT ,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s ru;ff ; iuapd; mstpid vt;tsT Ntfkhf Vw;WfpwJ vd;gijf; fzf;fpLfpw FwpaPL) tapw;iw epug;Gfpw> nrydpak;> xNkfh kw;Wk; nkf;dr P paj;jpw;fhd xU ey;y %yjhukhd czT tif MFk;. ce;jpA (xU fha;fwpf; fyitapd; jahupg;G) kw;Wk; fhjp> rl;dpfs; kw;Wk; ehu;rr ; j;Js;s fr;Rk;gu; (fdrJukhd ntq;fhak; kw;Wk; jf;fhspfs;) Nghd;w czT tiffs; mjpy; ,Ug;gjhy;> mJ vjpu;Mf;rpfuzpfspd; xU rpwe;j %yhjhuKkhFk;. ,e;j jhyp> ,dpg;G kw;Wk; Gspg;Gr; Ritapd; ,ilaPlL ; epfo;tpidAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. grpapidj; J}z;l ,dpg;G gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ kw;Wk; cztpidr; nrupf;fitf;f Gspg;G cjTfpwJ.

rj;ah Xzk; tpohtpd;NghJ gupkhwg;gLfpw> ed;F njupe;j> nfhz;lhl;l czTg;guty;. ,e;j cztpy; czTtiffSf;F Nky; cs;slq;fyhk;. ghuk;gupakhf thio ,iyapy; gupkhwg;gLk; rj;ah czTg; guty;> ghjpNtfitj;j rpfg;guprp> njhL fwpfs;> ,e;jpa juprdk; | 86 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

xU ngq;fhyp czTg; guty;

jpd;gz;lq;fs;> CWfha; kw;Wk; czTf;Fg; gpd; rhg;gpLk; gz;lq;fs; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpajhFk;. ehu;rr ; j;J kw;Wk; nkf;dr P paj;ij mjpf mstpy; nfhz;Ls;s rhjk; Kjypy; gupkhwg;gLk;NghJ> gupg;G (gUg;G kw;Wk; nea;fwp) vd;w czTtifAld; czT njhlq;FfpwJ. mjidj; njhlu;eJ ; > Ntfitj;J gpire;j mtiuapd tpij kw;Wk; fha;fwpf; fyitAld; $ba fl;bahd Fok;G Nghd;w jahupg;ghd rhk;ghu; gupkhwg;gLfpwJ. kw;w czT tiffs;> mtpay; (fha;fwpfs;> Njq;fha;g; gir kw;Wk; gr;ir kpsfha; nfhz;l xU jahupg;G)> Njhuz; (Jz;L Jz;lhf ntl;lg;gl;l Fr;rp Nghd;w gPd] ; >; Kl;ilf;Nfh];> Ks;sq;fp kw;Wk; Njq;fha;j; JUty;) kw;Wk; Xyd; (Njq;fha;gg ; hYld; rikf;fg;gl;l G+rzpf;fha; kw;Wk; Jtuk;gUg;G) Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpajhFk;. czTf;Fg; gpd; rhg;gpLk; gz;lq;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> ghahrk; (ghy; my;yJ gOg;Gepw ,dpg;ghd nty;yg;ghfpidg; gad;gLj;jp jahupf;fg;gl;l $o; Nghd;w czTtif) tpUe;jpid Kbj;J itf;fpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> czT ,j;Jld; Kbtiltjpy;iy. filrpapy;> tsu;rpij khw;wj;jpidj; J}z;b> nrupkhdj;jpw;F cjtpnra;fpw rhjKk;> urKk; (xU Gspr;rhW mbg;gilapyhd jput jahupg;G) gupkhwg;gLfpwJ.

ngq;fhyp jhyp ,e;j jhyp njhlu;rr ; pahd czTKiwj; njhFjpfspy; gupkhwg;gLfpwJ. xt;nthU czTKiwj; njhFjpAk;> xU czTtif ,d;ndhU czTtif nrupg;gjw;F cjTk; tifapyhd N[hbfshf tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xU fha;fwpf; fyit jahupg;ghd {f;NlhTld; czT njhlq;FfpwJ. ehu;rr ; j;J> tpl;lkpd; V> tpl;lkpd; rp> / NghNyl;> nkf;dr P pak;> nghl;lhrpak;> Jj;jehfk; kw;Wk; khq;fdP]; Mfpatw;wpd; rpwe;j %yhjhukhd {f;Nlh> fdpkq;fspd; md;whlj; Njitapid toq;FtNjhly;yhky; FliyAk; Rj;jk; nra;fpwJ. mLj;j czTKiwj; njhFjp tof;fkhf Yr;rp (ed;F tWf;fg;gl;l jl;ilahd khT nuhl;b) kw;Wk; gUg;G my;yJ xU ,iwr;rp jahupg;G. mjidj; njhlu;eJ ; > rhjk; kw;Wk; Nfhz;Nlh (kPd; kw;Wk; gUtfhy fha;fwpfisg; gad;gLj;jp jahupf;fg;gl;l fwp). ghNa\; vDk; ,dpg;ghd muprpf; $Old; czT tof;fkhf KbtilAk;. kw;w czTtiffs;> gh[h (Fog;gp tWf;fg;gl;l fha;fwpfs;)> Nkhr;rhu; g/g; (thiog;G+ jahupg;G) kw;Wk; kPd; Ritg;nghUs; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpajhFk;. xNkfh 3 kw;Wk; kPndz;nza; epiwe;j xU ngq;fhyp jhyp> rkd;nra;ag;gl;l cztpid toq;FfpwJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 87 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

Kd;Ndw;wk;

Ruq;fg; ghHit

[k;K> fh\;kPupd; Ny apYs;s N]h[pyh Ruq;fj; jpl;lk;> MrpahtpNyNa ePsk; $ba jpwd; kpf;f ,Utop Ruq;fj;ij cz;lhf;fp mg;gFjpapYs;s kf;fspd; tho;f;ifia khw;wpaikg;gjw;fhd topia cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ vd ; gp uht ;

Image: sirfnews.com

à®&#x17D;lhf ;lu ;.

,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhjp fl;Lkhd Ntiy eilngWk; Ny apYs;s N]h[pyh Ruq;fg;ghijapy;

,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhjp Ny apYs;s jpwd; kpf;f N]h[pyh Ruq;fj;jpw;fhd mbf;fy; ehl;baNghJ mJ xU Gul;rpfukhd fUj;ij kfj;jhd xU cz;ik epfo;r;rpahf khw;Wtjw;fhd eilKiwapd; Muk;gkhFk; vd;W Fwpg;gpl;lhH. [k;K fh\;kPupYs;s Mapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fspd; tho;f;if epiyia khw;wpaikf;Fk; jdpj; jpwd; tha;e;j rthyhd fhtpa tpfpjhrhuq;fSs;s ,j;jpl;lk;> KOikailAk;NghJ Ny> fhHfpy;> =efH Mfpa efuq;fSf;fpilNa vy;yh,e;jpa juprdk; | 88 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

fhyepiyfSilaTk; ,izg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. ,J MrPahtpd; kpf ePsk; $ba ,Utopahd xw;iwf;Foha; Ruq;fkhf ,Uf;Fk;. MHtkpf ;f 6>809-Nfhb nryTk ;> 14.2 fpk P e s P Kk ; cs ;s N]h[ pyh fztha py ; 3>528 k .P cauj ;jpy ; fl;lg ;gl;Ls ;s Ruq ;fk ; nray ;glj ; njhlq ;fpt pl;lhy ; ,e ;j mikg G; > g puahz Neuj ;ij kpfTk ; Fiwf ;Fk ;=efu pypUe ;J Ny-f ;Fg ; gjpide ;J epkplNk vLf ;Fk ;. jw n ; ghOJ vLf ;Fk ; %d ;wiu kz p Neu g puahzj ;jpypUe ;J kpfg ; ngu pa

NkNy: [k;K fh\;kPupYs;s N]h[pyh Ruq;fg;ghij fly; kl;lj;jpypUe;J 3>528 kP. cauj;jpy; mike;Js;sJ@ fPNo: =efH - Ny neLQ;rhiy MW khjq;fs; gdpahy;%lg;gl;l gpd;dH Vg;uy; 2018-y; jpwf;fg;gl;lJ. N]h[pyh Ruq;fg;ghij fl;b Kbe;Jtpl;lhy; ,e;jg; gpuNjrj;jpd; ,izg;ig cWjpg;gLj;f;jpf; nfhz;L tUlk; KOtJk; jpwe;Nj ,Uf;Fk;.

Neuf ;FiwT! ,J Ny-a pypUe ;J Vwf ;Fiwa 234 fpk .P fpof ;fhf mike ;jpUf ;Fk ; fhHfpypy ; thOk ; kf ;fs pd ; MAs ; NuifahfTk ; ,Uf ;Fk ;. kpf Kf ;fpakhf> ,e ;j Ruq ;fk ; tUlk ; KOtJk ; jpwe N; j ,Uf ;Fk ;. jw n ; ghOJ fdj ;j gd p t pOtjd ; fhuzkhf tUlj ;jpy ; MW khjk ; ,e ;jg ; ghijfs ; mile ;J fplf ;fpd ;wd. fLq ;Fs pH khjq ;fs py ; fhHfpypYk ; yjhf ;fpYk ; tho ;f ;if rydkhw ;wjhfp t pLfpwJ. NkYk ; czT> kUe ;Jfs ; Nghd ;w ,d ;w paikahj nghUl;fis t pkhdk ; %yk ; vLj ;Jr ; nry ;y Ntz ;bAs ;sJ. cs ; fl;likg G; kw ;Wk ; tho ;f ;if epiyfs ; MfpaitfSf ;Fg ; Gwk ;ghf ,e ;j Ruq ;fk ; ,e ;jpag ; ghJfhg G; g ; gila pdu pd ; NghHjjpwd ; Kf ;fpaj ;Jtj ;jpd ; mbg ;gila py ; mikf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. ,J tUlj ;jpy ; 12 khjKk ; rg ;isfisg ; Nghf ;Ftuj ;J nra ;a mtHfSf ;F cjTfpwJ. ,e ;j tUlk ; Nk khjj ;jpy ; N]h[ pyht py ; ,e ;j Ruq ;fg ;ghijf ;fhf g pujkH Nkhjp mbf ;fy ; ehl;bdhH. '[,e ;jj ; jpl;lk ;] Ie ;J tUlq ;fs py ; Kbf ;fg ;gLk ;> Mdhy ; ,J Kbtiltjw ;fhd fhy msitf ; Fiwg ;gjw ;fhd topfis Nkw n ; fhs ;Sk ;gb ehd ; ,J rk ;ge ;jg ;gl;l mikr ;rufj ;ijf ; Nfl;Lf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpNwd ;"> vd ;whH mtH." ,e ;j Ruq ;fg ;ghij ,e ;jg ; g puNjrq ;fs pd ;

vy ;yht pjkhd nghUshjhu> r%f-fyhrhu xw ;Wikf ;F top tFf ;Fk ;. ,jw ;Fg ; ngUkst py ; NghHj ;jpwd ; mbg ;gila pyhd Kf ;fpaj ;JtKk ; cs ;sJ" vd ;Wk ; mtH $w pdhH. ,e ;j Kd n ; khopag ;gl;l Ruq ;fg ;ghijia 'et d P fhyj ;jpd ; mw G; jk ;" vd ;W tHz pj ;j g pujkH Ruq ;fj ;jpypUe ;J fhHgd ;-il-Mf ;i]L xU ltu pd ; topahf nts pNaw ;wg ;gLk ; vd ;Wk ; mJ GJ jpy ;ypa pYs ;s FJg ; kpdhiut pl VO klq ;F caukhdjhf ,Uf ;Fk ; vd ;Wk ; nju pt pj ;jhH. ,g ;g puNjrj ;jpy ; r pwe ;j njhlHG Vw ;gLj ;JtJld ; ,j ;jpl;lk ; ,isQHfs pd ;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

| 89 |

w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n

Image: indianinfrastructure.com, for representational purposes only

Kd;Ndw;wk;

N]h[pyh Ruq;fk;> MrpahtpNyNa ePsk; $ba ,Utop Ruq;fg; ghijahf ,Uf;Fk;.

N]h[pyh Ruq;fk; ,e;jpag; ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdupd; NghHj;jpwd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ Ntiy tha ;g G; #o ;epiyfisAk ; Nkk ;gLj ;JfpwJ. epyg ; Nghf ;Ftuj ;J kw ;Wk ; i`Nt] ; mikr ;rH epjpd ; fl;fu p $WtJ ,e ;j Ruq ;fj ;jpd ; fl;Lkhdg ; gz pfSf ;fhf Vw ;gLj ;jg ;gLk ; Ntiyfs py ; 90 rjt pfpjKk ; cs ;s'H ,isQHfSf N; f nfhLf ;fg ;gLk ; vd ;gjhFk ;. g pujkH Nkhjp NkYk ; cWjpas pj ;jhH> "Nkk ;ghl;Lg ; gz pj ; jpl;lq ;fSf ;fhf [k ;K> fh\ ;k P H ,itfSf ;F 25>000 Nfhb toq ;fg ;gLk ;> NkYk ; ,it kf ;fs pd ;k J P xU NeHkiwahd jhf ;fj ;ij cz ;lhf ;Fk ;". ,e ;j N]h[ pyh Ruq ;fk ;> FWf ;Ff ; fhw N; whl;l mikg G; > jlq ;fypy ;yhj kpd ; rg ;is> Ruq ;f neUf ;fbepiy t psf ;Ffs ;> ]p]p bt p ,af ;fk ;> jhdhfNt khWk ; nra ;jp milahsf ; Fw pfs ;> Nghf ;Ftuj ;Jg ; gjpT ,ae ;jpuk ;> kpf caukhd thfdq ;fisf ; fz ;Lg pbf ;Fk ; mikg G; kw ;Wk ; xU Ruq ;f NubNah r p] ;lk ; Mfpait cl;gl;l ,e;jpa juprdk; | 90 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2018

khepy fiya pd ; ghJfhg G; mk ;rq ;fSld ;$ba xU ] ;khHl; Ruq ;fkhf ,Uf ;Fk ;. ,jd ; Kf ;fpa jpl;lk ; epyg ; Nghf ;Ftuj ;J kw ;Wk ; i`Nt] ; mikr ;rufj ;jhy ; Njr Pa neLQ ;rhiy & cs ;fl;likg G; Nkk ;ghl;L fhHg ;gNu\d ; topahf epWtg ;gl;Lf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpwJ. NkYk ; ,e ;jpaht py ; ,JNghd ;w xUr py jpl;lq ;fs ; fl;lg ;gl;Lf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpd ;wd. cjhuzkhf 3>000 mb cauj ;jpy ; fl;lg ;gLfpw Nuh` ;lhq ;f ; Ruq ;fk ; ` pkhr ;ry ; g puNjrj ;jpYs ;s yhn`sy ; gs ;sj ;jhf ;Fld ; tUlk ; KOtJk ; ,izf ;fg ;gl;bUf ;Fk ;. ,J rhiy top J} uj ;jpy ; 46 fpk .P J}uj ;ijf ; Fiwj ;J kdhypf ;Fk ; nfa ;yhq ;fpw ;FkpilNaAs ;s g puahzj ;jpy ; Ie ;Jkz p Neuj ;ijf ; Fiwf ;Fk ;. [k ;K> fh\ ;k Pu pypYs ;s kw n ; whU Kf ;fpakhd jpl;lk ; 6.5 fpk .P e s P Ks ;s =efUf ;Fk ; fhHfpYf ;FkpilNa fhyepiy ,izg ;ig cz ;lhf ;Fk ; ,n]l;-NkhH` ; Ruq ;fk ; MFk ;. ,j ;jifa jpl;lq ;fs pd ; %ykhf ,e ;jpah xt n ; thU tUlKk ; e z P ;l fhy msT fhuzkhf ,Jtiu vs pjhf mila Kbahj J}uj ;jpYs ;s ,lq ;fSf ;F Rw ;Wyh nry ;tjw ;Fk ; mJNghyNt Ntiy tha ;g G; f ;Fk ; mjpf re ;jHg ;gq ;fis cUthf ;fpf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpwJ.

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