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o6p@yBoHe Ho o(onHoro cPeao ce noapo3Aeni HO
CneAHXle qOCTMqHt' ArCqrlnnxH!l
lrrlll cIe-
(Bt<nro,.iurenHo I rpoaocrrPohrencrBoro), oP_ xlrTexryPo i{ nPoM14uneH ar3o6H. To3u nPeaMerHo
cTPOrlO HO qOBeUJKOIo OkOnHO CPeAO 6U TPr6' BOnO AO Ce Aon1'nHll C okonHoro cpeao Ho 3Ho' I
B yoso orHoureHrle ao?u u ,lnopurr, 3otqxrHnqh
qrTe, T. e. Ho ar3yonHofo xoM/Hr,iKollrr' KoKTo ne(opr4Te ce o6otxo,.ogor s nPooec,liro cv clc cBorTo cneqrorlHoaT - cneqnonncT no ToKO ll H,le' yull,l, HOC, rtPno' rnHeKO,lOr I t. ll.
ol(o nonITCIHe eaHH ar4aofiHeP [io oKonHoro cPeao koxBo e clarPxoH,!eTo Ho aeiHocrro 14y! lOri ule Tpi6sq ao noaoqr eaHo o:r noMeHoYUTe Cfle_ qnonxr,r
o6noctr,
P@aenrH€To
tio tlop
oo6PosyBofiero Ho oxon'
H6fo cPeaa Ho cneqrlonHocTll ce o3HoqoBs c u3po3o: (BoaoposHo cneqfionv3ortxr). OcBeH He, clulecrByao u (oTBecHoro cneqronn3oq[t)!
noa Korro ce po36l,pc HocoKoro, (orro la ce aoBo B o6ceao Ho cofloro cneqxonHocr. AHec c€ po3nHtl0Bor co o rpr,r roKl,lBo r.locol{lr: nPoeKlrPo{e! ,3CneaBoHe
u ynPosne6ue. TPt6Bo ao ce
nPea-
6porr xo nocoxure B o6nocr-ro
Ho
ausofrHo qe HoPocTBo sce noBelie M floBeqe. B eauH oreer flo Graduate School of design, Xopsopa, ce l,l3ko3ao noxehoHrero B ecro o6utoro o6coneapore Koro opxrreKT ao ce aoBo Ho xenoeulnTe Bt3tloxHocr Ao 3oBl,PluoT o6yrreHre1o cl,r no cneqlonHocTr4 Bonpu eP KoTo cnequonucr no h3creaBoHe Ho cl4cteHoro system
fi3AxroT
he co oPxxreKlr.
OT
Or roBo cn€ABo,.ie
nnqO, KOrTo no npooecx,
6e3 €ArH yr{uBePcurercKr,,
tlexAyaficql,nnl,{HeH KoHTeKcr, BknrctlBoul llHo_ roo6PorHure Hoy'.iHrl 14 TexH]1'recK]r arcqxnnrH!l B o6nocrro Ho OoPH006Po3ysoHeTo Ho oxonHoro cpeao, He roxe ao ce nPoBexao l(oKBoro r,r Ao 6uno HocoqeHo KrH 6taeutero o6yqeHne. Ear' HncHl,| !r,r3oriH-yqxnlruro lrrll oraenn no auloiHo (He3oBLcrrao or cneql,lonHocrrot Koiro re 3o_ cT!flBOT) nPeAClO6niBOT COHo onnra, Klr4 Kor1o ioxeM Ao ce olHocrHe 6rlorocKnoxlio, Ho He r! ceProaHo, u.loH r(oro re He Moror ao 6taor BKrlro_ qeHr! B crcTeMoao Ho ToneHfi Hoyiltlo-TexHrqecKll xHcrr4TyrM. Yve6ro roeeaexr,re no ah3(liHo, KoeTo ce Ku'lt4 c o603HoqeflueTo, qe rocTlnBo cneq(on_ r{ocTTo oopMoo6polyBoHe Ho oKonHoTo cPeaor
nO lO3n l,]OtrUH COMO roneHITe Cl,l B cnyqoi, qe HeroBrTe nPorPo !]r, Ar44oKTr4qec(x, nPenoaoBofencKh, oProHrl3o_ r.lr,roHHe n (bxHoHcosl, nPeaflocToBKra He co ocl_ urecrBeHrt ToroBo oop oo6po3ysoHeao Hy npeacroanrBo cloPo uronko 30 Heulo oule no-croPo. PO3tfiOCTSO
npereHqul,;
o
o
desiSn, no rexHonorx, xntr no nPorPoxhPo8e. Po3nIqHl,lre npoexfottro(1, arcqxnnlaHu s 06_ ,ocTTo Ho npea erHoro oKonlro cPeao 6txo B ronrHo creneH o6eauHeHl' s ealio Honoao6rBOUIs yHrlePcxtelcKn
ookynrer
MHcTl,rTyrlr,rtr
3o:r.loro ce Po36Po, qe oraenrHero +ro re3l4 06nocTfi nP, o6yt]eH0ero, Koxro r,t B frPol(a,ll(ofo, He BoA,
ao none3H|| perynrort{ h 9e He 6180 Ao
ce npeHe6perBo exAyAHcqunnxHHurr
KoHToKT
rex4y o6nocraoro x rpoAaKoro flnsHupoHe, opxrreKTyporo l,l npornuneHHr A143orH n np.
23
3A XAPMOH]4f,TA B. foH3eH,
n. KyArH r 6. r'loioE
B
KOMn03hl_lrlfTA
YAK 62.00l2r r,ot
l-lorrrreto xoproHy, e Hoi-ApeBHx BpeMeHo
sr3HrrxHono
oute npe!
xoprloHx, B npnpoAoro,
B e3K),rCTaOTO, XoprOHrr Ho
nuqHocTTo. [-uXpoKoTo nPrnoxeHre Ho ToBo noHrTue B Hoipo3nrgHx o6nocr, cEraeTencTByBo !o BoxrocrIo HO lO(OHtrTe, 3onerHoit B OCHOSOTO. o6ekTlSH{Te 3O(OH|' HO XOpllOH}tt.rO CO OT tHorteHne 8e cor4o !o ,3KycTBoTo, Ho ..l HoTeploIfloro npo. n3BOACTEO
l,l !O
nOtHOgOTeTIHOTO
AeiHOCr HO urr,rpororo Ho no-
xoporo, HeonpegeneHocrro r HrTl4eTo xopnoHri qecao npearl]Br(Bof HopyueHxe Ho HeiHnTe nPrHqrnu.
f'lpll orporlHoro n
ce
nPok3BoacrBo
HenpeKrcxoao yBenri.tosou]o Ho npo r,tllneHtl &3aenrr,
aoxe I Hoi'rrorxrte oTK,loHeHll oT 3oKoltrle
HO XOPHoHITTO, BoAiT AO nOrOK OT HeCtBtp-
ureHo npopy(rlr,(r. Bra eprrxa c roBo sr3Hl4xBo seo6xoAn ocrTo oT yroqHrBoHe Ho crArpxoHreTo ,r or KoHcrpyxTrseH oHonfi Ho ToBo
noHrrge. ToKo ule ce c!3aoaoT npeanocroBKx 3O Ci3HOTe,lHOTO krnon3yaoHe HO nprHqunl,lTe
Ho xsPhoHrrTo npI onTrHraoqfirto Ho pornrgHnTe c(Dep,! oT qoBeurKoTo peixoar. 3o lglcxnaose 3oKor{o epHocrure Ho xoprroHUrto crutecrsyBoT polnl,lqHI noaxoax. flpg eAH'{ Cnyqo, ce poi}rnexaor nprpoaHxTe rane.
HXr, nPn aPyrft ce npoBl., Ko'{ecTBeH11 KornqecrBeH OHOn&! HO npoU3aeAeHrltyo Ho filr(rctBoro. 3xoqnrenHo t{oct or ret, ,lcneaBoHrn co HgnpoBeH,r Brpxy rsxxso o6eKrx, *oro qoaeuxoTo Ttno |, noEeTHnqu1e Ho xnocrqecxoto
oPx{Tekrypo. Te3k n3cneaBoHr,!r
0614kHoBe}io
c oHonI3o Ho clcTotlllerot,l nPrHrlfinrre Ho po6oTo Ho B}!npleHoulhTe He co cgtP:toHI,t
qoBeuJKrl
cl,icrexr. B peaKl1 cryqon co npoBeHx
onrr,l ao ce cBlpxoT
o6e{TnBHrTe xopot(iepx-
cTr*n Ho xoftoo3r4.lltrTo clc cBoficTBoTo Ho BL3npre ou]l{re cxci€Hx (f. T. oexHep, r. xen xonq I Ap.). CTpyBo Ht,l ce, qe e HeBr3rloxxo po ce HonpoB, nl,leH oHon13 Ho noSrTreio xoMn03rtl|lir oKo He ce cBlpxe To c nclxo$llronorHeecKoTo sb3-
nP{rlue Ho
rroaeKo. oHegn cBo;crBo Ho
3o 4o rrrrrnel ,TO,
KOXTO
xo notrrlli-
oc14rypr6oi HeiHoTo xoptloIxr.]Ho.a,
e
Heo6xoAlH o6e(rr!BeH eToA 3o lacneAaoHe. To3, neroA cnopeA Hoc e reop:rlqHoro t,l excnePuHeHTofl oTO ltsy9OBOHe HO CnCT€rlOTO (r{OH-
n03ruHr-qoBeKr.
3o ryx4lte Ho no-Holoriull{oro rlnoxeHre e qenecbo6PosHo as aoaefi onpeaen€Hxe H6 no-
HrTrelo KoMno3Hqur, Tgxo Koxio to ute ce po3a rorn ciorliru Ao cc B-baeAor r3BecrHH
6r,rpo
Koxno:rqrrro Hox€ ao 6tre cMrcroEqr,r
He-
cx!4cnoBo. Ko no,yqnrro e c tlcnoBo, (oruro nP, Bb3nPrehoHero H y 90Bexc B.b3Hut(Bo ltro6poxexue uo npearer c onpea€nexo {yxxqrr. LMxcno6oTo Ko|!nornqff xrlo aBe cTpoHn (neHToroHD Ho nprHqxnd io
ctalPxolenHo t,l crpykrypHo x H€xay Trx c!utecrByBo rrcxo apblxo- KoTo posrnexAoHe nolroToTL,< COMO HecnrCnOBrTe KOinolhltrnr Hre
siMO AO 83rHOXe nPeAArA
TOKI.IBO
TeXHX
r T.
He(o or6enexlara, qe BEB Bncllrre sraeH[r npu noaroroBxoTo Ho xyaoxsMqMr€ ,r
c
yq,
caraoBoHe Ho xoPxoHO 6OrOTo Ho Hea &CrlOBH l(ox-
np,,noxeH npo(bl,ln ce HugHo +OPHO
npri€p
KOI'I' H. yqe6flr 30_
noHeHrr, r(oro o6PorHocr, noretfiocr
n03{ql,{n. Po6ororo e ToH, qe (o]lno3rlqxrro Moxe ao 6r4e cHncnoBo r,r 6e: Ao 6rAe xoPtroNHqHO, KOKTO OXe AO CbUeCTByBS fi HeCt{r4C_ noso, Ho xopr4oHuqHo xolano!rr.lut. Ot rolx rneaHo ror,rKo qe Aoaeil onPeaeneHre Ho He. cHncnoBoTg KoMnoS9qIr, Konnorrql,lf,ro (HecHrcnoBo) e l(PoiHo HsoxecrBo
enelteHTr, rnoqn onPeaeneH, nPnrHotlr'l r{ HOirrpoulx c€ B loxoHoil€PHo BP!r(o.* Tri xoro qoaeurKur€ 6t!np eHou.lv oproH$ nPklexoBoT orPoHnqeHo Po3aenllTenHq cnoco6Hocr,
or
qyaCTBllTenHOCT r,l AllOnO3OH
Ho
sLSnPUeHOhxTe nHTeH'
qecroTlr, nPocrPohcTaeHo-sPeieHHn I
IHB&TerH9, IISO)KeCTSOTO OT eneHeflT[Te, o6PoryBoulr,r KoMnolrqnf,To, Tpf,6Bo !o 6tae xpoiHo.
noa noHrrnero enetlexr Ho KoMno3nqriro ce po36rpo HeiHo ctcroBHo trocrt orpoHrqeHo c eArH {nl,| HrxonKo 3o16opeH, (oHryP, (cBrPrBoqh o6noci&). flprrHoqnre Ho erexeHTrre Ho KoHno!urlr'rtro co xoPoxTePrcY{(k, Kor{To BrrnPHeHoulsre qoieul(s arcTerrr ioror ao PorrPoHrqosor (nPocTpoHcYseHo nonoxeHue, qBil, ooPro). xoPoxrePrcTH({re Ho Koino3vqnxre rpr6ao go ce x3rpoxaor c orneA csoicrBaro Ho BBnpreMoulxre clacrerlH
(croBo ayrto io npocrporcrBeHnre, BpeieH|rre r oHnnl,lryasrIe nPoroBe, B o6conrcrHo rHoqeHve Ho re3H xopoKreplrcrxkn n TexHrTe nPo,ltBoaHn). Bece coraoro noHrlne eneHeHT Ho xoMno!rurrio s HeroBrrTnpr3Hox co Hepo3prsHo carPloH, clc
cBoicrBoro Ho sa,nprelroulord ct{creio. Po3ntqoaoHeTo Ho eneHeHTfire Ho Ko no!IilrlnTo 6noroaopeHre Ho orAentHero Ho rPoHnqrTe Hexay Trx
s l(osTo rPoafieH-
- 3oHn, rrr Ho eaHo nnn apyro csoicfBo
(HonPhHeP
onTrqecxo nnrrHocr) HopBnuoBo Brxor nPoroBo BenrqxHo. CneAoBorenBo, polnrqoBoH€ro Ho rPoHrqoTo Hexay enereHTrTe e s!3Moxr,o 6noroaoPeHl,le Ho crqecrByBoHeTo Ho flPor Ho
*
B
circnosoro xoxnoslrrxi npslrourre
nporrBoaHoro Ho lrBTeHlrBHoc1To. nPrssoqllre en€tleHTxre ToBo co cBoic.rBo. Ho l(ol.ro Peoarpor onpe4€neH[ noacucTeHx Ho BtrnPreMoulrle onopolr{, Bprl(oro HexAy ereHeH1sre o3Hoqoso, q€ r.t3" HeHeHrero Ho eavHrl, eneHeHT goat{ loArnxrTen80 AO r3}leHeHre HO Apyrni. BPrrl(l.rre B (onno-
so
,rqrrro Horor ao 6rao? aerePinHrPonu
14
se-
30 pq 6rpe KoMnolrqrnro xoptrothqHo, e Heo6xoar,fiao ao ce ,!6epor HonEnHo onPeaeneH,
loxosoHePx, aPlrK, r,exay eneieHTrae
x rex-
HxTe aBoicrBo. HrKor,r oT re3r,r sPt3K,l nonyqrxo HO3BOHyeTO CpeACTBo 30 XOpMoHl,t3or.ll,lr nn& Xyaox€cfseH, cPeac'rBo. To(o HonPx eP nPonoP-
rlr{$re ca konrqecraeHr BPbtK, iexay Poriepnre (AtnxrHn, nnoul, v apyrr,t) Ho enelreHrrre; FrrbHrT - BprrKo exay porcroiHnrio. rlo To!, Ho'{rH noa cpeafiBo ro xoPHorlltoqrt pol6rpoxe qocrhx cnyqor Ho 3oxoHoiepHr, (onxq€cTEeHI BPt3Ktt Hexay eneieHTrTe v TexHure nPklnoqfi. Or roao cneAeo, '{e 1) [3non-
lyaoHero Ho eaHo firr.r Apyro xyaoxecrBeHo cPeacTao He e toatnxr.renHo !o Bcr(o xornoHo ene,
HeBrhTe H BsOrnHoro BPbrl(o Mexay rf,x ce onPeaenrT oT seiHrr 3onucln n or npeaHo3HoqeHreTo Ho flPorrBeaenrero.
,xrl{r x 2) BcrKo or cpeAfiBoro rloxe Ao o6xEor.rlo coiro qocT oT eneHeHTITe Ho Ko no3uqxtto.
OqeshaHo e o6oqe, qe 1pr6so ao cr,qecrBysor BP!3KH iexAy eneHeHTrre Ho xoilnolxrlr,rf,To lr 25
Ho lopioHrr
np, x.-
nr6oHe Hc rrrHoro qyBcrBnlenHoca.3oeaBo c roso HHooPHoqurro. cbabPxoulo ce B xorno_
rexHl.rre nprrHoqr. xoxro:
1) rp'6Bo ao npxclcrsyBor 2) rpr6lo Ao o6xBourar scrqrx seiHu enex€Bix. ToKrso Bplrxh ur€ Hop€eed cBoicrBo (nprH'rsnr). roPoHrHPourn xoPFoHreHocT Ho KoMnosxqrrTo, BcecrpoHfloro n3yqoBoHe Ho re!{ nprHqrnh e HO OHOnr3o fiO CrqoBexr. Hse cfeEcTo (xoHno,rrlrf, -Bl3nplaexou.l He cHrTot!e re3h onPeaeneHni ro lr3'{eP.|Bou]n r.r or(oHgorenH11, o coHo ce onl.T6oFe ao yToqHsx rPoHrqrTe Ho o6cLxaoHx, npealrer.
B rcropuvecxoro po:Brrxe Ho ,!Kycrsoro
co
6nnn larr!xBoHr,r po3nrqHlr cBoicrBo. nprc!crBMero Ho xorlTo e 6rno loa}nx}rTenHo !o scr(o KOHno3xqrf,-
H&e
Po3rnexao
e
nP{HqvnuTe,
ocnryPisoulu xoP11oHrqHoci Ho (oHn03kqniro, B!3 OcHOsO HO oHOnrr3o HO O6rirupefl nXrePOrypeH rroTepron (oT oH qHn, nePsoa ao rlou,,l,{ aHn) , ce on$TBoEe no Brar.loxHocr ao rv y.ro'aflrH x cvcTer4orlr3rPo11e. npl,l Po]rnexaoH€To Ho re3l.l
nprHqrnr lqe 40aeH xporr(o nc.lxoolr3"onorr.tHo
IloBrqprNe Ho qrnoro B
(ronsxoro s onxoro) EneMenrxre, l(oHTo
HeroBrre qalctrr
crcrosrr
r(oxno3hqxrro, nPnTexoBol potn,r'{Hfi flpH3Hoq[, ea&fl oT xor,lTo e Boaeul. BoAeq e npulHorGT Ho qrnoio,6ene,[Te HO (o€To TPr6Bo Ao nPuTexosoT Bcrqxn eneMeHTh no KoHnolHqxrTo B eaHo rnn,qPyro cTeneH.
Toroso nprrHq.rnri <Tonriloro B
r,ton-
xoTo) ce 3(Ixnlo9Bo B 6nrtocTro Hq enexeHrnJe Ho KOHnornqrrTo cnPrHo Eoaeutrr nPrrHo( r.ro
qrnoro. HonpxMepr oKo BoaeutuiT
aPx3HoK
xoHQrrypoqrr, 6nx3ocrro l(Lr ro!,
e
nPs3Hql(
qe c€ nlPorrso B Honoao6f,BoHe, Hon,lq ero Ho 6nulKn no 3HoqeHne npsr oqll crsaoso ycnoBre !o cyr,"rPoHe H(r c{rHonnT€ oT
P(l:|nrqHxTe eneieHTl,l tto xollno3xql,liTo B]g BtSnprerrouloro ct4cleMo, o aoBo aonPrHoc, 30 Bb:}]l4KBOHeTO HO AOtlr,tHt!pOq nePqenrXAeH 06POl.
OT Apyro crpoHo, 6nrrocrro rexAy eneteuTrre o6next{qBo npeHornocf,BoHaTo Ho arrnPvet'loull4Te cnareMr flPl,l nPoHrHo
Axo enelreHTlte TrxaecTEeHn,
lto
3oHoTo
Ho
HG Komno3rqrrro co HontnHo soxoH14Te Ho ncnxo(bl.rrHono-
no
rrrro B nPoqeca Ha Heiioro BtlnPrle oHe Hek!6exHo n aocro 6rp:o ue rocftnr oaonrountl 8O CerrBHrre oproHr, r,r3PortBor,ilo ce B |iotlo-
76
l(oHCyMupo cPoBHurenHo 6tPlo HO BHxt4oHrero ule c€ noHHxr. Ho
lrlrlr,lrro, ule ce
6nxrocr xexAy eneieHTrre xe olHo'roBo rlx_
a€crso. Hexay rrx nr1o ,1 po3nuqxr' 3oroBo. npk Br.]r p"uroHe Ho RoMnolkrlxr, a xoiro e peons_ ,nPos ro311 nP Hr.un. He sr,]HxxBo bbp)o olon_ roqx, Ho cerrsHrre oProH$. Pornnqniro xexay 6nhrKnre enerreHrx c}3Aoaor ycnoBrlt 3o nPo_ alnxnTenHo rono3soHe Ho Brcoxo Hrso Ho BHU'
Honrqrero Ho sopeqrf, nPx3Ho( s cneHeHi re HO Koxnolrquf,To ocuryPrBo nptre aIseHo'r Ho alrflpreHoHelo no sPeHe u o6neKqoBo criHo1o Ho roHnTe Ho eHrHoHre nPl. nPexoAo
ene eHrn
xbi
or
eaHe
aPyrl4.
3oeaHo c toBo Po3Hoo6Polrero Ho enet{eHTlare nPoBln Komno]xqurl o nH+oPrornBHo xoclTeHo' Koelo, or cson crpoHo, ocrryPauo nPo4lnxqaenHo lOnOiBoHe HO oKTn6Hocrlo HO Br'lnPHeMoLl'lll re
CtnoA.rr,rxexocr. Ecexl npllnox xo rrxoi eneHeHr Ho (oEnorrllrt1o (nPocfpoflcrBeHo no_ roxeHrle, xosTFocT, po3 ep) flpl,lr€xoso onpeaereHo niPKo. Ene}leHrrre Ho xoxno!nqsrro Tpr6Bo Ao Ce no4pexAor no
ro!l, rirpxo- Toroso
nprHqnnll (chnoaqr!HeHocf, o!HoqoBo
noa-
gexaoHe Ho eneEeHTrre xnl,' Ho rPynrTe oT
eneltex Ho Koino:rrqriro cro6porHo eAllH nPr!Hor<. crfloaqrHeHocaTo e ErrMoxHo corro
flP't HePoseHcrBo Hexay eneHeHrl,lre oT rneauule HO nprlHo(o, 3onoxeH B ocHoBoTo Ho aLnoa-
flpnlHc(Lt, no Koliro ce l'iBtpruBo crnoAqnHerlox€ ao fle ctBnoao c Boaeul{, np(3Hot{ ctrnocHo nPrHqrno (ronrHoTo s hon(oto), HyeTor
Tri xoro crnoa,r[HeHocrro e
ocHoBoHo
srpxy
Pornl,ll(oto, o He BrPxy cxoacrBoTo, To3n npsH-
qHn nPeaaonoro Honxqrero a Kor1nosrtlxrTo
Ho roHu, alraeicTsyeoulx poanlqHo srpxy slrnpredouliTe c{cTe r. Po3n&KoTo Hexay loHHTe ipr6Bo Ao ae BBnpreMo necHo, r, e, rn rpr6ao ao npeartlloBo onpeaen€Ho BenrqxHo. cpeA ierr SoHl' BrHcrrn ule nro HtKor, xoiTo qe flp6ALrBrKBo roKcliMoneH e$exr erpxy sBnpreHouloTo cucTexo ll ule cToHe oTnpoBeH nyHxT a nocneAoBorenHoctTo Hq srrnpreHorero. Cl. noAqhHeHocrro ocnryprso iepopxrn HexAy toH{fe 8o B}lrfroHse, Boar{ ao noapexao,te npo-
qeco Ho Bt3nPrx e.lo
60Hrrro
ny,
k
nPeAoTapoTnBo Kon€-
C!po3trepHocr. Ho sce(, nprrHox crorse-rcrsyBo oraenHo rerpnKo, r. e. HeroBo co6crseHo !fcnoBo r1rpr{o. B roru curctn. c}poiHepHocrro
e
earHHo irPxo ,o clxrr4epx o.r Ho nprrHoqhre Ho en€MeHrrre rnu Ho rpyno or en€flefrlr (ol(Yo nonexay 611, To(o l,l rrexay eJleHeHl[Te, rpynxTe}l qrrorot nP, roso Hexay xonnq€crB€Hsre xopoxreprcrrlKlr Ho npurHoqnre ipr6so
goae Ho Bcr'{(x Konno3xqrnTo o(ono rnoaH11, eneHeHr; (clPo3r.ePHocT, o!Ho'{oEo eAxHciaoi (oero ce ocurypFso or o6utoro KonrqecTaeHo !oKoHorlePHocrr (PoBHoue.xe,
earHcrso, ocHoaoHo Bl,pxy posHoBecnero Ho Ocrryprsoxero Ho eaxH(rsoro e oporrsopeqeB npoqec. B
e4lr cnyroi
nporrBopeqnrao co
Oyxl(Moaynopo
curPsoHx c Pqinrxoro iexay xaPokreprcrrxhTe Ho nP[]Hoqrre, a aPyr c HePoaeHcTBoTo
neHn :roPo(repxclrKr, (!norHoTo ceyeHre). To3,
HO (Oino3rqrrro, nP, Tpern cnyqoi-c po3ntkoTo a (onnqeciaeHoTc irpxo Ho ene eHTtTe, o 6 qefBlpTni nPofnBononoxHoTo
40 clurecisyBor HonlnHo onpeAeneHla
q|^u.nqu 3clBrcnlrocru. Honpr ep, Ho Kop6rcrre nio o6qo irrpko ro npr3xo(o (arnxrro) u 3oBncriocr exAy HeroBxre q$c-
nPrHql.r norBonrBo Ho slanprer.ouuTe cycTen11 AO AOnOAnT eATHHOTO rOKOHOitepHOCi HO 9OCArie
I qrnc1o, xoe1o ocrryprBo oKTl,rB}toc.r Ho hexo. ir!ixTe Ho oHTrqrnoqriro (npeaarax4onero). Konl,l,recrBeHhre lol(oHonepHocrn Ho Koi!no-
He Ce AonosrT oT Er3flpheHoqrTe crcreHr aeAHoro, Heo6xoArxo e ,3BecrHo po6oro 30 T,lxHcro orxpr{soH€. Ho aeax;x orl(prrn, ie rHogrTenHo o6ne(qoBoT nPoqeco Ho strnpfirIreio, xoeTo no3BonrBo (ot|norlrlrrro ao 6rAe H no-cnoxno. B roso ce ctcro, posnrxoro Hexay clPorMePHocTTo x nPirHqlrnrre, po3rneaoHl, no. sHqU'rTO
PoB8oaecre. PoBHoaecgero Ho Ko no3rfllrrlo o3koqoBo /PoBHoBeceHocT Ho 'rocrfire tr qrnoT'o no orHoureHle Ho apocrpoHcrBeHrTe ocr. B€pTl(onHoao s xoPr3oHTonHolo oc, He co poBHo-
CToiHU, rnoaHo ponr rrpoe BepTuxonHoTo oc, (oero € o6ycnoBeHo or rposrToqriTo. KoHno3rlrlllr. xorro He e yPoBHoBeceHo KoTo qrrocI,
Be
roxe Ao 6!Ae
xopHoHl,rgHo.
Kororo roBopr.n ro postoBecre B Ko norltqlrro, TPr6Bo Ao r,rxoHe npeAslA peo(q[nTe Ho po3nrqHl,lre noAcl,rcr€Mt, Ho B!3oprrrrero. Ho posHOBeC,€TO, fro OTHOljleBl,le HO OCrTe, CIOTBeTclByso onTnito,Ino clclorHre Ho HoTopxr(oto xo oqrre. nPr ro3x nPr!Hqlln tioaopHxT€ l(or.r-
noHeHT, r{o srtnol,teI.,ou.loTo cicleHo ao goaeulll,
Ocsen posxoaeclecnpinoocr4Te Ko notrr.lrrrro TPt6Bo Ao ocrryprBo ycToi'trsoci Ho BHrr.to-
{ o
xreYo nPne
PoBHoEecre Ho crcTeHoto, l(orTo Bt3-
qB€ToBere,
EArxcroo. PolrfleaoHrre nprxqrnn co
B
rrcHo
BrorrlHo epl3Ko noriexAy cn. fnosHoro, Koero rrl o6earHrBo, e cTpeirexr" ao ce ocrryp, qrrtocrHocr Ho l<oHno!rrlr,trro. nprHqrnrr (noB:foPrHe Ho qrnoTo B Heroanre qocrlD o3Hot{oao eahHcfBo no Boaeult, np!i!Hol<; (ctnoa'{tHeHre, o3HOqOSO eATHCTBO, nOCTUTHOTO ripe3 O6earHt-
Hexay rnoBHr,r, lr sroPocTeneHHl,lTe ene6e8llt
-c nocoKo Ho crnrTe. Ocru.le<rBrsoHelo Ho x36poeHrre qerrph npBHqrno E l(ofinolrrtl,rr.ro He croso l4lonuPoHo. Te
co slonrHo carproH, €arH c apyr, aonrrsol ce u ce sraor4rHeHtI }r no Tor(lB HoqnH nopoxaoT
HO XOMfiOtrqrrfo HeiHOrO ioxe ao ce -Po3rnexao l(oio 14HTerpones nPxHqnn Ho Koxnorrqrf,To. HOBO (OqeCTEO
eanHclso. EarHcrBoro
Kol(Br ncrxo+rrMonorrqHs HexoBrrHx rpr6Bo ao yaoaneraoprBo nPxsqrnr o earxcrBo? OnrrbT nokolaot qe oqeHKoro Ho eArHCTBOTO
HO
r(Ol.tnoaHttltrTO CTOBO MhrSoBeHO.
Toso rxoqr, ve +orruqecxn He ce npoar oHonr!
HO l<OHnO3Ur$,rrro, O OqellXOtO HO HeiHOTO eArHCTBO e eaHo xpoTr(o.rPoiHo rHrerPonHo PeoKLlrr.
flo porrne4ore lrrxor or HeiHrre KoinoHeHtr: 3o ycroxoaraoxe Ha earxcrBoro or ctqecrBexo rHo'reHr4e BOTO
e rrnnTe Ho xoHflotnql.r'ro nPn Hei-
BBnPgeiOHe AO He
HOAl.ll,rHOSOI 3OttOTO HO
e{bexrrBHoro BrArriocr (He noBeqe or l0o). flpyro ro4rnxnrenro ycnoBre 3cr ocxrypreoHe HO eAxHCTBo e 6PO,T HO rPynrTe oT ereHeHTX HO kOr,lnosrqrrro Ao 6r4e orpoHr,{eH. Ko(ro no(o3BoT ncxxonoTrgecKrle t,iclreaBoHrr, o6efilT Ho !Pr{TerlHoro a!!nprrrr€ e orpoHrqeH.
6porr xo
e4xoapereHHo Br3npreHoHBTe ere-
HeHrt,l
(rnq rpynr)
TrTe
HOABTUTOBO
fioHeTo
e
7+2. A(o 6porr
Hq enereH.
TorU rPoflXr.lo, nP{ BrrnPs€-
xoinolgtlrrro xofo '{e rl. ce
po3no-
Ao Ho clcroBHr. qocrs. OcBeH Toso, np{ BrrnpreHoHeTo 8o eakHcTBolo Ho (oHnorfiqnrTo s3rnoT yriocTl,lel/l HexoHyrt r, r(olrro octuteclBrBot qe-
nprxurnr r xosro co r{oi6rprogeicrsorqra. CneAoBorenxo, Korlno3rllrrao qe 6!Ae xopHoH&,{Hor o(o B He, co peonlrMpoH[ nerre ropenocogeH, nprHqlrno (Prc. 1). l{e unrocrpnpore on{(ofioro no-rope crcaeHo Ho nprlrqrnrre cbc cneAHrr nph ep (p}lc. 2). TnPrYe ocroson}l
27
Torn xouno:uqrr He e npxxep 30
crBrpuJeHo
xqP,,{oHur (nocTfiroHeTo I e HHoro TPyaflo), o6oqe npx Her s onpe4eneHo creneH co peo-
flrlI,rpoHl,l BcllqKr x36PoeH14 npnBtl,!ns. ToKo (noBToPeHve'ro Ho qrnolo B getoBrTe goc'lr)
(ronrrloro B ronKoTo)) ce Peonln3l'Po qPe, nposonrHe;Hocfto Ho rpoHrq{fe 8o enet,eH"
trTe
l1
to
qinoYo.
e u nprHq{nlT crnoaqlHegocr, T"ti xoro qeHrPonH[rf ene eH'r e rnoaeH B OcrqecrBeH
Ctp@Meploctto e nocrtrxoro B ao(ro'rtqHo
lli Kolo Bce(r en€ieHT oT xonnoSt'l' xr.ro noayneH Po3ileP: qrnoro KoHnoJrlllrlt nPeac'logrltBo ToKo HoPeqeHx, (allHonr'{eH l<BO'
cfeneH,
q[rTo
aPoD l,lnl.l OyHKqh, (9:10); qexrPonrarr.nerexr Ho (oMno3lqrtrq e noao6eu no urnoro; rttlo aBo
ITPOBOlrbnXrl(O CtC clOTr{OUJeHre hO cTPoHl',lTe 3:4 l.t ABo crc c]orHoureHue 3:5 (6nElKr.r ao <3norHonl,lqe e npl.lHqrnrr Ho posHosec$er T,hi (qro xoHnorrqlrTo e cg elprqHo, Brorrloaeictarero Mexay r36PoeHrle {oKroPtl
oc[ryPf, Bo eaHHcTBolo Hcl xoHnoirlllr,.ro-
I'lxoro Qunoco$1, rorelrorrq$ lt xyaoxtll'!llrl ol He3onoHHeH{ BpeieHo ao HoLlJtl allx co po3rnexaonq Po3nuqHrTe cYPdHv tto xoPr4oHxnro, ((Hep@pr.{Bfiure) c}qeroHni o6P@yBor qrro Heqino, cl6xPoHe n poleaxHeH!ie, ct3ByqIe l,t pcHornocrle (o6poryso ce) ot qrnoro eaHo rl or eaHoro qrno)1. (P@earHeHolo ce cr6xpo rl oT POrnuqHoro ce o6Po3yBo npeKPocHo xoplror{ri s Bcrg(o BlsHnxBO qpe, 60P6o):. (6e, ctPot_ r'r
'1.
Xepoxnrr flMfir, V s, Ao t,lhrcnrrenr
'1938,
06
H. e.
ncKyccrBo.
c. 13 2. Aprcroten, nor rou
M,-AHTr,tH6re 14c(yccrBo,
3. A. AxApo. 06 rcryccrBe r. I n-M., 1915, c.203 4. P,. flngpo, noK rou c. 143 5. A. Trpur, qna" no Morlno faxo <Ecrernxo nponopqu{ B npt,lpo4e I ncxyccraeD, M,,
6,
1935.
c.
182
Cnoaeps atHocrpoHHbtx cnoB. aeTcKo, sHtlrt(,Ioneaui)
7, Kporkxi
M., l{iA. (Co-
cnoBopb no ,.ierrKe 14,, ltl.3e nonxrnqeakoi nrrepotypbr, 1963 r. 8. noa crsHyr B ncsxororllryo ae po36!po ar3aeicTBne BrPxy cerraHrTe oProHrr 28
t1exAy qOCtkTe, ynx (oero e sce ctu.loto, 6er g3orr'rHo floAr{rHeHocr, He oxe Ao ce HePHOCT
o6xBoHe
c norreA qinoro,3ou.loro s
cnyqoi o(oro e
nprlHyAeHo
Ao ct(oqo
npornBeH
ol rcto
<EArxctsoro Ho qrnoro ce poxAo or noAgnHellocTTo Ho qocT{Te l,l oT TCr3' nOAqrHeHOCt ce poxao xopfloHlrrro, Koiro e ser.lucnur.ro 6er raHoroo6porxero)4.
(XopioHrrro e pe3ynror or noBaopeHrero ocxoaxoro tlopro
llo
rio
nporrBeAeH[ero B Hero-
Ano ce cnpoerrl c peqHxqrre, r3AoAefi{ npe!
rolrHr, ule npo9eTeH cneaHoTo: (XoptloHriro e clrnocyBoHo cLqeroHt e, caflocneaHITe
Po3llePHoCT HO BCnqKr
BeHoTo npokiseAefire>6.
en€HeH Ho
XyAO)KeCT-
<Xopnonrrro e ctpor-
|'ePHOCT, CITnOCyBOHOCT HO OiAenHt,l C-rpOHl4 HO
npeAxerxre, aneqr(Pl1qHo eAuBcaso
a
HHoro'
o6p03xero)7. Bcu,{xn rerr
qurort 3ociror coxo ofaentit.r npr!iquntl Hd xopHoil,,rTo. OTAerHkre oBropr,r BrloroT a ToBo noHrToe Hoi-po3nrqeH c l4ctl, o clatPxoHreTo Yy ocToBo npofxsope\rrBo. Heo6xoAr,,io e 40 ce onpeAenu nrnHkir c6op oi nP13HOll, r.tc xspr.rolll,rr.ro u ao ce crcle,toil.tJl4PoT. Cero e Beqe BtlioxHo Ao ce 3onot{He nnoHoHePHo L3cneasoHe Ho cficaedoTo (t(otla03Il.lLr-rioBeK) Ho Konl,lqecIBeHo poaHru]e.
Torta noaxoa Moxe Ao
ro
PeuJoBoxe
cyoHe eQeKrxBeH neroa
Ho Hrr.o, npo6neE, Ho xyAoxe-
cYBeHOTO TBOpqeCTSO.
Oxsnororr, ncaxoor!ronorh, ncrxono n lrl_ KycTBOBeAn CO Ce onrrBont,l ao ).croHoBtr sdKo_ HOHePHllTe BplaXU nexAy crrHynxTe (atctoBHl,l qocTv Ho xoirnosrqxrfo) , PeoKqnkre xo qo_ 5eKO. oexfieP orxPn 3oKoH, cBlPBoul o6exrrBHnre xoPoKtePncTuKl,l Ho crn yno c fleroBoro cy6erTnuHo oqelKo. Xent xoaq € crttor! 9e cy6eKT[BHofo oqeHl(6 Ho c!3Byq{eto e TonxoBo
no-ao6po, Konl(olo no-TogHo co l4lnlnfleHr ycnoBrrTo
ro
ctPosMePsoct MexAy qec7oTl4fe
Ho rByqnre, o6Po3yBOtqli roBo cl3syYne. Xeflr_
xonq e noc1'rllHon aHoqfifenH, P$ynToT[ ll o6nocrro Ho ncrxoor3[onorrtto Hs qBero.
E
B
peasqo rpyaoBe no reoPx, Ho t,l3r(ycrBoro (A. ny_ HO.{OP<X{) CO nPOaeHn onrrx Bl3 octloBo Ho ct_
qeciByBoulrae no ToBo BPehe 3HoHl|, ao ce cBtpxot cBoicrBolo Ho Koifloallqrf,To c Peo(tlrliTe Ho oProHr3llo. ycnexnre Ho n(rxo(bt{ll,lonorriror r}rrr'ronorr"
3HAl-114
V Cl/|MBohn B rpAol4r{HATA
rpoatnxe',e or 6poii
KOMyHI4KAt-ll4R
Moprn8
Kpo.tneH
1 70 .oA.
yaK 769,I rHpoaero Ho Bece crule.rBy6our.re ncl(ro.podcl(la .,crex, (noao6Ho Ho l43OTArln). To:r rpeuxo oe oceByaHo npe chHBoneq,Hox !o On,nn,nc(xre *rpx a Tox,o npei 1964 ro,euHo. MHoro o noH-
lHaqx uro6uto Be hoxexo
ao
locnyxor (oro cpeacrso ]o 06rcHeHxe. oceBnAHo npH
rf,xHoro npoexrHpoHe
6e o6rpHoro HoPqcyBoHHf,r nP€aHe
roBo, aonr ner npeacroBnnao eocr or o6qffi onrr Ho
nooT r.ror(crhonHoro po16"poHe.
..rurenA. aony, aeroinure co aociolr,,{Hn _.r€aHo
roexo Ho
O6qo Brero ir(rorpo+rre ce orKnoxrBoxo
(onPocresrn Peonurb
) no fioco(o Ho
o.r
(cspr,x
onpocTeHoTo cT n|1lol.llrr),
3xoqn ro rexxnle(fto xonrxrxoltrr.
Tri xoro
Hoao x tH SoHcxene co npoekrrpons c,HBonHo crcreio ro ene(rpoHi, r.ioukHq , lo ro6no !
korloHAB{ oProHr Ho eneKrPoHearqrHcxl,l nPrcnoco6neHrr. OrHo.rono r€ 20're clure(rByBouru rexHrqecx14 c{ 'arnrroxo aonHll crcreity. ro ao slrarr Aonn B rxx ioroT ao ce Horrepri 06uronprerx xoH.roHrrl !o npoexrrpoHero Ho c{HBonr. CneA roBo 6e crcroBeHo (or6yl(o Ho rRor.lrre)r xorro cl,ALpxo rpoQu,rin e(BusoneH-rt' tbynxqnoronHrre eavHrql.1 Ho Hou.JrHxre. Tetx rpoolrcH, rHoqN orrosopnxo
clurecrssr€nHrye (nep+oxopro)). Cnea ro60 6euJe npoe(TrpcI cnxcrx oT SHOrlr,r Ho etrxoar{re e(BrBoneHrfi Ho onePoqhrre (rnoronxre) h clcrorHrrrro (nplrnoror€n-
,roi ncl'xonorrrro l,l
14on4o-
Klr6epHeTrxoyo flpe3 no-
cnlylHrre aeceTrne7nr flotBonrBoT ao ce ao-
6nrxrri ao npo6neFnre ]o
B!orlioAeicrBnero
Hexay KoHnoluqlltTo 11 qoEeKo Ho (oq€cTBeHo no-Apyro poBtxure. rliorle npeAana iexo.rrrrlo Ho ycrpoicruoro. AeneHxero Ho Btrnpr€iourr-re (r{cT€nr Ho noacrcrel,l|r xexoHr3nrre Ho oHTrqflnoqrrTo, ltosrrr€ aoHHr 3o ioroprrolo xo o{oro. cneqrOx'rH&re r xecnequQrvxure xepsxr
nlrruro
Gir
Ho oneporopNae co Heo6xoA[]rlr
T.
AAV Tpxrrr.ao
Copno. oaotipeHo
(PeTrKynopHoro $opuoqrn), por6 po,
Heio Ho Bt3npreioulrrte <rcae r' koT,o coxoHo.Tpoisoq, ce i Apyru. h roxo, x$oslrcrHo or oao6eHocixre Ho .pe.
aorot B Korro xuBe€ eauH rnx Apyr Hopoa rn& oT xoPo(TeprcrrxxTe Ho ,3xycTBehoro cpeao, Heto6tcrHo oT BorlrTo Ho xyaoxHnl(o. ctqecTBy-
aot caoicrBo no xopHoHxrro, Kor[o He rorot Ao 6bAor HopyuJosoHn. 3outoro re roxe ao cr.
nrp.xr.
ItO, r.
40 ce cn/uo'r eAfiH ApyrH, (ArApo). Konnornqrrro He ioxe Ao lronoAo6rBo eAHoBped€HHo, 6e3
qoseK. xoiro (rno tlHoro.onrro rnoBolr xrcr l(pol(o. . . xoiTo B 6ororlae cn oAexA, nprrexoBo E€nrkoro 6eAHocr) (neoHopAo Ao BraHqx). T rpr6Bo Ao e n0406Ho Ho qoB€ulKlii oproHlrtlr,t,
B l(oiro (posHoBecrero, crrnocyaoHocrao H€cbrnocyBot
rts.{.r
np.a.ro..x, !o r.ro..i xotr{
uleclByBo xorlnotrqrr, a l(orlo ao H€ ce o6po:yso (or qrnoTo-eaHo { or eaxoTo-qino) (Xepo'(nxr) eneieHTrrer xo Korro Ao HonohHrl (o6qecrBc Ho o.Tpoyrxr xopoi (oxro rosoprr
crnrte ro noaatPxor, o
!926 r.
\,4
/:),
oT atPxoso c earH a alpxoBo c apyr eluxi !o npoErnHoTo oneprpoHe c Trx x noaroroBxoro x iexAyHopoAsr.t tHoxoBr.r cl,lcrexr.
nrE.,r. a.. nr*ropoa, .n-
6^.6r. .pea.ro..ii no yoorc!
keHre Ho on.cno.r.
oru{HrTe n croprxexrrro c€ tirHocrr
(Bonr+r'(oqriro
Ho
B ealrH e!rx. ((xo.HrrHoro nexro,,
ArA
Ho
ocrTo ro
, nory6Bo) (neoHopAo Ao 8rH'{u). Kornorrqr.rrro He ioxe Ao crutec.rs/so, oKo B He, Hrno eAsH(tBo, rou.loro no ylpolo Ho TeoH (xopioHrryo e creAr}reHre Ho polHoo6po!flrt pcapyLloBo
€iecx s crrnocyBoHe Ho polHornocreTo).
o 29
ncrxonoruvccx(r1r rtr,t)hfl nLlrPxrrurro BC. 'r! HonPuMeP, oure He c urnonryB(Bo BooxPo(o. flPrnoxeHrero Ho reoP','ro ]o Porn'4Koro a l1rrPaxaoHero, Ho ,nlocrPoqxrTo Ho ocponnoHHoro r06ro, ao 6tae PornpccrpoHcHo 14 31,PxI nlrHrire rHatlr. MHoro tlecro np, nlrH"re rHoqx ce lrrnonryBoT ctpenkl1're BlPxy BePrxKonno no-
a"r'4e lldo
or oxoHqor.rso ycroso,
a.-
ro epr nqo Ho erHo muuhHo (Honp,rep (nepooKoproro e roroBo)). ToKuso QyHxqhoHonHo
cxir6onHl. cr4creH11 3(l rexHrqecko (oflyHril(oqrr, noPoa, HecnoaecHn, fifi xopoKTep, npeBrrxoxAor oTAenHtte etuqu 30 qeTeHe.
!l,pxHocT, ro ao 03soqoT ronorPascxo crrryoqB:, KO,IIO B AeiCTsrTenHOCT e xopr,rloHronHo. Ho-
nprro)xeHre Ho reoDlrr.t d. P€tlolie x ,rxo, npe4ro*"xrr.
xopr3oHronfio noBrpxHocT. Toxnao crpenxr.r noror 4o 6raor no-none3Hn, oKo npr nPoeKT[-
Monxo nphmepn Morol Ao ce Aoaor ,o roBo, xorKo nonelH, Moror 40 6140T to IrloriHo ieoPxyTe, Korro onricoxxe. ['lpl,lnoxeH{eTo Ho
nPuHeP crPenxo. sePr{(onHo HoroPs, osHoqoBo HonPoBneHne HonPep BtPxy
".,"..p,, ",.;;;;,;-;;;;: P
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1n. i! n
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A!or-
kor.YFe .Y, ,1. Tonoxd, lrl. '1. A -4 " Arlrr tnoH.*t ,yaoxHrqe' rpa+,q, \ \
n.('orpao, or PYAon+ l'lgarx, nxmorpdd *opn., HE Yl opx
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(l eutonT, TeopnrTo cru.lo Hoxe ao
BO)I(HO npknoxeHre npx npoeKT.lpoHeTo Ho rHoqr. OnTrqecKuTe xnlo3xut +rryprTe c ABe
nl,qo I
(HeB]3MO)(fir,!T: npeAHeTr) nprBnx'toT BHr,rxoHreTo Ho rpr4renr, Ho TeoprT aec(xre cloDPoxeHu, Ho (reqonr., feopurlo, rroroT ao ce ,!snonsyBoT oco6eHo npu 06rkHoseHoTo eKcnePXheHruPoHe o7 cTpoHo Ho ar4soiHepo Ho HoBlr 11 cropy cl,lr4sonfil, npo€KT[. ToBo e npunoxrrlo cneqfionHo nph Ar3oiHo Ho TlproBcKr4Te HopKx c xonkl,l po3Eep, (6noHkx, nnoHoBe x 4pyrr), KOKTO 11 npfi nO-rOn€Hr! po3Heprr) Ho cieHuTe Ho koHqenoprr{re, Ho 006pr(ure). cx|rBo,lr.lre
.ryx6n. rpo.kr{p6H, or k. Cy. rrypq, Yt. O.oi.y. 11. ToHo(o.
apyr, rdoscx.
ryaoxx,qr-rpo.brq,
l. Arn.tr(o (x.H"). 2. rop. a.po5. 3. 4116r**. (nLx.). 4. ,1H+opioq,i. 5. Aru. 6. Eoir. 7. CoyH6. 8. ne..q.nrtp. 9. 3orr..oHr. t0. P..ropoflr. li. Coroi. iI. Mr.ro 3o rop.Poac Bo ...ocrn.ai. 13. npo.oohr. la, T.nG.ioH. 15. Moro!,fl. 16. T.orrp. !7. npoaox6o Ho 6,r.r,. 18. Cr6r.*sa'. 1r. noqd. 20. KrHoir.a"-p. 21. A.rordp.. ,2. A,.roH.ep. 2!. Op(..rtp.
,rqeH rrLn Ho !PeHre (crpoHxqeH l,nl,l
cpoB-
roneH). Trprosc(oro Mopko rpr6Bo Ao r3Arpxo (po3c€iBouroro BriAeicrBue Ho Apyrx BX.yOnriu +oxToph npn po.nhqHl,l o6crorTencrBo), Coljo re!r,l afl3aiHepcKn onrepBornBx, xor4To orroBoPrT Ho x3lrcxBoi]llrro Ho (reutonT) reoPrtro, ute (3n!nHrT cBorTo ponf, nplr posnrt{Hr4 ycnoaua. E4ux (ao6!P reqonD o3HosoB6 npeal4 Bgrqxo flPocToTo,
(t!yHo)
Houero perore Ho reoperrqecxoror,t excn€pxrexronro po6oro B o6nocTlo Ho KoHyHuKoqnrTo nocpeactso14 3Hoql,|
I
cl,tMBonh HonpoBu
o
C{.rcia or .ioqx !d Onennxn.r,t. ,rpx . To*f,o. t964 r* nxxrorpd+{ 30 .ep.n.sx M. k.rcyix,
rpr6Bo Ao ce sblnpxe oT npoBxnHo npx As xeHre srPxy nPeB6Hr4 cpeacrEo h npx po.
HoMep,
l
s 3 6
3fl 7
TJ I 37
10
t1
't2
onHT
ao
r13f,cHr,r
Hs ar,r3oiHepo npelHyulecrsoTo
h HeaocrortqHre 8o vH+oPMoLrrrro n y6exao' BoHero qpe3 cpeacrsoro Ho rPo+nqHare rexHnKr. Ho;-aEcKycloHHu co Blnpocnre io ycroHoBr_
BoHe Ho repHfiHonorrlr. cellnoTxxoro, Teop,ltro HO (CyPOroTrte) ,, (nrKr:oBr4f,) oHonxl dordr Ao 6bAoT none3H{ roKTo flPr,r oHofln3o Ho c}LqecT'
sysoulrre c,ri{Bonu, -roKo14 clrposoHe
nP14 nocTeneHHoro Ho epuH peqHhl( l,1 cr4HTsxcr,rc Ho rPo-
Qr,{Horo xomyHrxoqrn. {oxeo nony"oeo Ho npoKrr,(o eruH anro;HeP qpei -poOaqHoro KoMyH14r(ou,1n, oKo ron e
cBlProH c xHTePAucqunnl,liuPoHxre o6nocirl Ho 3HoHI4el flpeAk Bcnq(o Toi Hox€ Ao Po3'
(o 6epe, qe rqoqnre u cl,HBonnre He
Hurr'lo
eAHo nlooPoxeHue Hr Do s,rl'lo. .1ovBo Konioro xun'Eo AyMn Bltanxre ce roBt4cr, or noaroloapor6rpor", o ["i. ' 1.por.,,*,,o) v B]3Pocrro {onrro)'
H e
Kol(To sHoqnre, ToKo u aYHrire np"r"yrr*r"o. f , poe6upo ce' B AoAeHo 06' co u.lecTBo ayt4l4-re, cPosHeHn clc cx14Bonrlre Heqo no_cnonyqnrBo. lnosBrare nPe'l14yulecrBo
Ho cxr4BonuTe u aPyru roxnBo (cyPoror') e .oBo. lie noao6Ho Ho rHoqure, Te ocrdaor no_ closHHo v cfloBecHrT€ HoAnuc[ ce reHi:. B ]o_ 06LrrecrBoro,
xlaero ce
YnorPe' T€x.rypc! rpdar.Hr, nrrnox.F np.a.Hdq, ,q no-lo6Do- 00!6,"l'*.""" nPonexi pox. Ho notepoffrt.
13
14
15
17
r8
19
:1
22
fl
20
30 ?3
l3
6rB0r.
m
co no-norereu r.l
.gr
A
Ei6n.Fo, rp.Anox.H6 ra i'lGR,
ayfl.Poaioro
rox.ri. np.r lt6, r. (co..6r , !.o6rkonrurora ro .pceo)
N B.rror.H or.rsr
IoKo
He
3oauccr oa nIHrBxcrhqH,rre rpynr. OcnosH{ni srnpoc Ho xoxyix(oqrrro npr pornrcHrre HopoA, e Aonx !3o6poreH,rrr npeAMer ce cpeuto a nPoK-rHKoTo Ho AoAeHo oyanTopr.rr.
or Epx.r
Por (d8on,r xo (ost}rrrponxo
l. q.cr or .i6r.iorq. r. Ex5r.i.ro nr. t.ro.xi id n.P.n.{ .xo.,xadH. l. Horttsoro no.!pxHo.r (. P.ncO . i.Lpr.xi <.H(u. 5--{. EF6...oro, .s.ro (6.r .fo*r., x ! a.{x.xxc
34
HonprBep, eaHo(Bo rpyAHo e Ao ce on,rL!e 6xno c AyMr,6rno c 63o6poxeHiae, croHrr npn ecxrHocrre enr nonnPHoTo 14e!rl<o npx ooPrrxoHqure. Eporr Ho npea €rnre,rnh uro6poxeHr,rtror r(orTo Ae3oiHeplT oxe Ao o'1ol(Bo, rre
HeroBoro oyanroPr4r u{e
6tae
B cbcrorHxe ao
po:no3Hoe, 3oBl.rcx nPear,r B€nexo
or
o6Po3oso-
aHero ,r Blrpocrro. Koxro xoaoxre, au3oiHeplr
He rpr6Bo 40 po3'{xro Ho Bl,3rloxHocrrs ao 6r'ae por6apon B (p03txt peHrlr) vnr (clrHBo' nHq?H cl-1rcbr, npu oyaxToPhr, KbaeTo ce ro-
(reqora) TeoP}{rlo r,l aPyftl ar{cqlrnnrHr, cBlP_ rrx. ToBo qe yrBlPAh eaHo no_cucreMorr!qHo orHoirr€r{,,e KlM rPoonqHoTo KoHyHx_ (oqx, u no ro3l, Hoql,lH ule oKoxe no oLu Ho
3or'lll c
An3oiHePO B noCTrrOHe Ho HerosoTo qen.
Bopr,r Apyr errl<. OoKTu.recx,r, oKo oyA14ropnrro He e Ho 11Horo BucoKo PoBHllute Ho o6Po3oBoHr1e,
roi Hoxe ao cpeLuHe 3orpyaHeHr, n c drlHrire (PeToPrqsxr. yclsl,pL!eHcTByBOrlr,l clrMBon,{, 40xe B CTPoHOTot KTAeTO Toi X(Bee. Ao ce Hoarso e, qe 6}Aeql,lre cuMBonhqHr cncTe H ule cloHor e CucTeH(lTo Ho llpr npoexruporero Ho_ lHoqure vpea nraxrorpo{r auro;HePbr
HTePHotlHoHOnHu, KOK6.lT0
nLrHure
3Hor.r,1.
rPr6Bo ao cneaBo nPoBxnoro Ho onPocreHLlt PeonfirrM, o 30 aPyruTe cl,HBonx, (oTo HonPuMeP +xpHeHxre 3Hoq,1, - nphHqrlnlr Ho (reuronr) 30
(ao6poro Oopio) ,1 30 onpocrrBoHeio AhroiHeplr apr6so Ao npn6srso Ao HrBecrHo
SU6tlhOrPAOhA Ebpdxyucbn,
P. n.
KEKcnnaDei@bHc>
<KuH ttKo
lll :31-41,
u
KoYyHu(aquhr,
1954.
3o f. <y6exdaeou,to KotlyHuKottu, eByonlo pemopuKot, bnbpxerr 5, 19*34, no\doH,
6otr<.ueoe,
Yonmqponbpt, 1952.p gopauH, q. <<t43po3eeaHe Ho ehaquu y qoeeKo u )rueomHumo), 1901 (2-pa lld.), fioHdaH. @oacexo, I1. u Kbpn, B. kPo36uptenocm Ho nurmoponHurrre cu\eonu ebu{ eKcneprheHfi e 3eYe-
- Spo3unurr, k6tcn. Aenopm dencKu poioHu Ho
TIBKOBOCT q NPH NPOEKTUPOHEYO HO TEXH qEC'
AzpuKynrn. A)tcbpHon>, nsBbpcumu BucKoHcuH, XXX :1-28, 1960. Atcu6caa, A>r. Av<. <fiepqenquamo Ho autyonHu,
Hrre rHoqh, KoKTo !4 Hoi-o6fiKHose8r_re rl1norpoocKu rexHxKr. Torii Tpr6Bo ao np,4BercrByso
A:r<u6cbH,
koro ,rnv rpo+ra.recxoro Ko yHnKoqr4t- H,Ho nPxqrHo, noPoa,l l<orTo Toi 40 He IsnonryBo gororpo{rrro npu npoeKrlrpoHero Ho +uPMeno-HoToTlL!HoTo,lrcneaBoHe
l,
eRcaePr'reH-
ruPoHe B o6nocrro Ho BxsyonHoro nepqenqur,
' ,t
...'..,...-.'.:
3 !li':'l.:.:
:,-,,
cetm"- 6ccmo{, XoymbH MufnuH Ko,
1950.
AtK. A)t<. <Teopur Ho nuKnopanHomo nepqenqurr, <Ayd. Br.:. (om. Puen>, lt 1:3-23,
1954.
xopocbH,
P. <nuknoa
aHonu3
*
pe'1Hu<
u
cud-
maKcuc 30 nu{moponeY Kod,
c
ficned,oHe Ho
rau-
Konudy<
t4u9BOmO KOr,yHUKOtlut. <14<m. noHcu1a, l|tuq.>,
Mu,luzod Cmelm lOuueapcumu, Konudy< ae Ko' Hror,uKeiwbH Apnc, 1964 lHo t4uKnocmunl. Xox6epz, h. <Frcuxogutuxomo Ho nulr;oponlomo nepqenqurrr. <<Ayd. BlJyon KoH. puer,>. tlpuno,<eBue 5:22-54, 1952. Xox6epz. h. (flepqerqur)). Eirbnyyn Knuq, Ha
Axbp.u: KPonneH,
npeqn.u<-Xon, UHK., 1924. M. <tEdu{ nodrod npu xnocu$uxoqurmo
Ho ,po*!'lHume cuneonut. Aox od
jo
nodzomeu-
menHomo npoyqaoHe <Kot yHuKouu, nocpedcm1oY zpo9uqHu <ut Bonur, Hto l4opK. 6oHd 30 poriumue
Ho obpoioe.oHuemo (Ao\doquq ,loopdt KpotlneH,
M.
),
1959 tso
<BonucKu no eu3yonlo ceuo{muKo ucmopu, Ho nbmHume 3HoquD. <cmune uHdycmpuo,, XXXII :23-24, MunaHo lt4monuA), 1961. MoKnuH, M. C. bKnHunp u XopucbH, p. n3ia,aeHuemo Ho npocmu nuKmoepo$cKu nwleau u3pasur>_ Ui.m noH.uH., Muqu2oH Cm.im tOBter,pcumu,
oa
Mondo\odo,
KoMloHuKeiL]bH
T.
<<PeeHuK
apm., 1961 (Ho
quKno-
no
ce\uomuKa>, },n6p-
f.
<ABonB Ho cuLnedo
xenl, S. 44-62 t no{do{:yoin6ponb\),
MondoHobo, T.
ofi
3Hot)u
u 6oH.uene,
1962.
io onepomueBo xonyxuxoquat, }nt'5, 11-18, lno,doH:oonn6ponbPc),
Netij, 1962, 1962_
MKKopr.lux, E. Ax. atlosewKume faKnopu 3 06nocmma uo utlr4aeHePHomo ncuxonozurr' Htu nopK: Mxlpoy-Xun Ko, 1964 z. Mopuc, C. y. (38oqu, eru,( u no9elexue>. Hn Uopx: A)Kapdtt 6qotufle?, UHx... 1955. Hon\on. O- X- (Ocsoeu Ho (U3OTN4nr' noHdo{:
Kezoi noyn. Tpe{q, Tpn,uep OLzyyo.
qe,xo
u Ko, nmd 1937. n. ,<npe'
C. E. Cy\u. AsK u ToHe46ovM
,o
tuouenuemo>. Yp6aua, lll- :loHuebpcunu
oe UnuHorc n|ec, 1957. Pyeu. E <. u Keet. y. <HeePp'onHo KoYyBu(oqu"' Eep.t u :l,Hu1bpcurr,u os Konu$opHut npec 1956. Cnoy uH2. C. (EdFo npolqeoHe Ho qovmopune.
oKareou.4u anut{ue Bbpxy Kot4y4uKotluottHut no' meHquon Ho nuKmoponHume un$cmpo\4uur. kAydqu>K. KoIr. Puafl)t IV :1, 1956. Cmuab{.b{, C. 11. <Tonxyeoae u npeqe{Ko e ecme"
muxamo>. <Qunoco6<xu oisnun EnrK, M. Etl' ?bnyyd Knuqc, Hn hopx:llpeunuc'Xon hHx 1963.
a
CucmeHo
om aqu to
enekmponeduquttcKu ono-
pomu, npoeKmupo{u orn T. MondotroOo u
l.
Bxnaqe9o.
2.
h3xnb,aevo.
3.
ru
EoH-
Aamonomuqtto.
4. Pblxo. 5. OfipuqcmeneB nonaa e nrao, 6. OmpuqomenaH nonac s decHo, 7, Koozynoqut. 8. To\ut. 9. Psekuut. 10. nedoneH npeo(ntoe.ofien. 11. npednBumen. 12. Hefmpone\ enexm|od. 13. Koycmuxo. 14. O6zopt\e. 15. EldocKonus. 16, AeyeneKmpod{o o6nbqeoHe. 17. EdroerekmpodHo oinn'aaofie. 18, Pe-
zyfiulyei
ucKpoporDrd4uK.
19.
ronso4uqeH
,7lot<,
20. <bolodeea mok21. ToK om no\noa ze{epomob. 22. TaR om ucKpoB .eHelomo,. 23. C\yqeiue, onoolocm, 24. P$oHoHc. 25. noamor4eH mo(. 26. ysenuqeHue Ho moKo.
27.
Tpub7x,ne9 noxoe moKoe uhnync. 29-i0 n,qeoHe Ho poduoqur.
V
unnfnc. 28. T|oneqoude{
u 31-36. MrpKo 1o ui"
(oyHKt_lHr, ooPMA, KA',IECTBO, A. Arr.tp Kxrroro (OIHKqrr, lt|op,ro, xoeecrBo) (npo6neBr Ho reopr to Ho (Pop oo6polyBoHcto) e HonxcoHo
or eatH ot pr(osoAr{Tenxre ro Llenrponrrr [Hcflityr no npol'rujneHo ectetrl(d s fAP3. f. Berexoyll e r3aoHre Ho sHcrrltyro.
PoipdSorBoxero Ho npo6nanxte Ho npoi{xurneSOtO ecTelllxo a coqnonrcTrYecKBle cTPoH, 3onoqgo eaBq nPeax Hrr(onKo roaxHr. ,lrre' PO.ryPOiO nO
T$rl
ATnPOCll e CPOBHXTeTHO llOnXO
h e nocaelexo rnoa o Ho.roarxxre aPo6nen$ B ro!, no clqearso HoBo cdepo Ho i{oBeuJxo?o npoxtrro. Po6oyoro xo 6erexoy e roceri
eaxo
oT HOnl<OlO Kltrrlx, t(orTo Po3rnexaoT qtnocTHo
r.rjrPoxrt xPtr oT Ebnpog{ Ho npoHnlllneHo1o
Karroro e npeaHolHoqeHo He co o ,o cnequonrcrr. ABTopu nuuie: (B onpeaeneH, rpoHrqq,
nolHoHxr s ror" o6r'ocr (r. e. B o6nocrao Ho npor.irLrrfleHoro ecrerrKo-A. A.) rpr6eo ao raro Bcexr,3(rutoTo Hre nocroiHHo ce cpeuloEe nxqe c n[qe t npo rorneHrr€ x,Aenxr. Ho Hope4 c
roao oBroplr 6y xenon eo rinele rlsrH Terfi rpoHr{rtr, lo ao ,rnoxy cBofi BBrnea no ocHoa-
Hrre npo6ne H Ho npoHullneHoro ecrerht(o (A,aroiHo), HeiHoro Bpr,rxo c l,(oHor.rrKoro, TexHrKoro, Hoyxoro u v!(ycrBoro r,r Hori-Beqec oco6eHocrrre Ho crspeHeHHoro nponvuineHo Brnpexu uonxrr o6eH,6ereHoy e ycflin ao ninlnHn Ho6enrloHoro nporporo. B oc8osors Ho xHr.oro nex, o{onr3rT Ho onrTo, HorPynoH B o6nocrro Ho npoxllllneHoro ecrerrxo s fAP, ly'rnoxeHsero €e crcrori or cneAHrre porAene: Br4ecro npegrcnoane. 1. 30 rncroro Ho apoHrru-
Koi6.a,roio 6opiou,Ho (po!-
.__.-
Tpronop.{ noprdr.H npdH, arKsn. |laprti r.tx.p 38
ieHoTo ecTeTr(o, 2.
Arloii unu xyaoxecTBeHo dopnoo6poryaore. 3. Ecreru.recxrl ocneKr Ho norPe6xTenc(fire Kogec1Bo. 4, flpoqeclr Ho npoexTxpoH€. 5.
Horo Oop
o.6.
AxloiHt'r
l,1
cnopb1
io
o6crpoKT-
Au3oriH r,t Ko.ieciso, BarlnrrenHoro vocr e Hoflr,tcolo srs Oopl4cro
HO CnOp MeXAy TpllHO nOCeThTen' HO ar3nOX6O HO HOB11 npOMllLuneHg t€Aenur, TO3rl At!CKyCl,!'
staexao qlroaena g Kpbro Ho Po3rnexaoHxTe B nrpBoio rnoBo Ho KHnroro ao po3rnepoHM po3nHqHure 6!lrneAd Blpxy Ari3oiHo, HeroBo,lo
clulHoc1, t4rcTo-ro r,t 3oIorrrTe iy B ycnoB[rlo Ho clsPeHeHHoro !xoHo|lnKo. noa,ieProso ce JHo' qeHreTo Ho oTAenHnTe Btlrneax KoKTo 3o Ho-
ll,
poaHoTo cTonoHCTBor ToKo,1 nP,1 nPoe(larpoHeTo HO flPor.lrUJneHoTo n POAy K r.l l,r i .
lll'
Coxoro nonrrne A,BoiH ce posrnexAo s Asere 11y
rHoceHrr:
1. Koro
npoexroHrcKo AeiHocr, Hocoqe8o Kb c}rAoBoHe (c orneA coq!4o,rHure, ncuxororrqec(xie ,l (bfl3,ionorfl,]ecxrre norpe6Hoc-rx Ho eoBe(o) Bo r3Aenrr,1 (oHaneKc,r or larAenun c sn(oKla norpe6Hrencx, u Hon-Beqe ecrerBqecKH Ko'{ecrBo. 2. Koro perynloa or
Asroprr ce o6rarBo nporuB on,rrrre Ho
Hri(ol,l
T€oPerrqu ao o.HecoT axsoiHo KIH .oePoTo Ho qficTo xyaoxecaBeNoTo rBopgecTBo, ao ro nPeslPHoT B ea,lH oT BrpoBere nprnoxH14 r,rrKycrBo, Ao ro npepcroBrr Koro <+opno Ho ecrelreecko ycsorBoke Ho ,€ricrBrrenHocrro),. Toi cnpo' Bepnuao ce nolosoBo Ho cneqn+rqH}lr xopoKrep Ho Ar4roiHo Koro Ael;Hocr. XyAoxHxKlr-npoe(roHr B3r4Mo yqocrne BrB {oproo6po:yeonero HO urpen14eTo, x!Po6oTeHo no nPoH urneH Ho'1rH h nPeah03Ho'{eHo nPeax 3c}!vr(o 40 ce u3non3yBo o1xlH nPoxThq€ckoto ,r none3Boro t1y crpoHo. A€iiHocr.ro Ho a143oriHepo B 06rocr-ro Ho nnoHnpoHero. np)e{rnPoHero u r'r)o6cr. soHero rlo r,r3aenreTo e TncHo csrP3oHo c -rexHUVeCKXTe
(OHOHHceCXUTel,3l4Cl(BOHX'
HO
nPo uuneHoro nPorrBoacrBo BlB scdqxhre xy eronu, hraenxero o6o,{e ute 6rae ntnHoqelHo cor4o Totoao,
(ororo
npoeKToHrcKoTo
qet
e
I
-l
'tl't,
'
p
He coMo ao cs ctsaoae npeaner, Hol, Toi ao 6bae clo6pore8 c ynorpe6oro y a rpyaoBo 6uroBo '1 or cpeAo. To3, cpeAo, Ho cBoi pep, ce cBAoso
claPerreHHoTo nPoxl,,urneHo nPoli3soaaiBo, or
oPoayKqr xopoKrePlrl,l e HeclBHe(Tllrro c (nPunorcHeao Ho xyAoxecTBeHo HeroBoTo
SopMa)
ftH orAenHoro
n3aenlle,
c
Herosoro
l.'lHoro BrpHo Hx ce crpyBo rrlporeHoro or oaropo qe Aq3OiHrT H€ corro nPeO6PGyBo nPep$eaHrr csrT, Ho noao6Ho Ho rr(ycTBoTo l, nlrT€PoTyPoTo, cnoMoro ]o 6ErnMToHneTo Ho HoBui qoBeK. HeroBoro oxTnBHo coqxonHo Pon, o6oq€ ute xHo nlneH c rcln coMo Toroso, (oroTo oT crlaoBoHeTo Ho oraerHn nPeaMern ce nPen,He l(rx 0oPill,rPoHeio Ho qenn crcTeril,l u Ho(Potl HOCBn,
KlH +opMxpoHero Ho qenur 306r(onrul qoBexo
npeaMefeH csrr. Aalop6f onficBo BtrHrrKBoHeTo HO rorr,r llae, fi nrPBrfe onrrn 30 HeiHoro o.butecrBr6(lse oT (6oyxoyc>, KbaeTo, cnopea Hero,
(cl,t nPo6, nrr B!]rn€prr, qe nPo nuneHoio
ce Hyxaoe or tr3oiHePcK[ noaxoA, KoiTo 6n ce ctcPeAorovr,rn x Peon,,3hPon He.oHo B oTAens[, nPeaieT, r. e. ao Hocri tlHnPor3soacTso
anB$ayonr'ua orneqorrx,
,1.(o aonc (E.pr6ypr-rypx.r,, A.totx.D ?raoro nyq
o xoro 6r nprte
xoBon noHe oHoBo HnBo Ho oproHn3l4PoHo
nric_
nefier KoxBoTo sr,ro coioTo clBPelreHHo
-'aPo
fonrx nxrepec npeacrosnrso np€anoroHoro or oBfoPo TeopeTfiqHo l(oHuenqr, ro axioliHo 3 ycnoBl,rro Ho crBp€r4eHHoro nPorrBoAcrBo. hMoikh nPeaal'a
cror(oBr4, xopo(TeP Ho nPorlxurne-
Horo npoAy(quf,, SereHoy npoBt, oHorxs
Ho
An3O;HO XOTO COllrOnHO f,BIeHXe! TTXOXAOiXl.t oT (oTeToPr,!r1e Ho rcToP14qecKl4i 14oTePxonx$h ,,| nonl,TrrqecKoTo rr(oHo!1rt. B r,loBoTo (EcTeYuqecKn ocne(ln Ho norPe6rrencKoro cToiHocT)
oBTOPrr nokoiBo, 9e cneqronqHoTo pon, Ho xyaoxecTBeHoro nPoeKrrPoHe ce clc1ot1 B cb3EOBOHeIO HO HOAO |(pOCOTO HO npeAieiSOTO cpeao KPocoTo, Bb3HnKHono B or - risnl43oulo rrBlH porlKl4TePe3ynroT ho x3KycTAeriHocr, soro. OnnrlT no(orso, qe c+epoTo Ho npeKpocHoTC o 06,loCTTO HO HeflOCpe.qCTBeHo.nPOKlx.
qec(oto leiHoci. a roao qrcno x
B
o6nocrrs
Ho
rlocoBoTo nPox3BopcTso, He iloxe ao 6-bae orpo. HuqeHo cofro B po RuTe Ho ,l(ycTBoYo, EcrelxqecKoTo qeHHocT Ho npeaneTnle He lloxe ao
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