Дизайн 1971 / 1 by Industrial Design Bulgaria

6ronGtrrl Ho qcsllPo to nPorixurnaHo actclx*o -

!l'ro ro L'ulrliloclPo'n'lo

l-rx 7',

IIPOM14IUAEHA ECTETWIKAi

cbatPxAH14E

Cneql$lrroro arr4eicrtre ho npoA/r-

TXTE HO TPYAO

Cneqr+rxo tlo letoarra€cxrre apeAct!6

_ rd xyaoxecraeHo nPoeKTytPohe EPrOHOrrtii x opxxTe(TyDo

flpoenxpoHe Ho BHAIKoiopHrr ).qrpoicfBo

ttpollruneBoro ectetx(o B ABoAecer aHx s l4ro,l,li

f(DP

I 11

t5 27 33

OrHrH llloureB Kotctortttr Cronreoa

Xpolrrc

46 47

bltpc.,,.tt no LleHTDpo 3o npoilurneHo _ ecTelrKo l,t xy4oxecTreso npoel(.frpolle bllonrorpoofit

PeAoxqLoLHo r.o,|err,

xrra. M. X ocL H,c. CrG+oH

at c k n, *c. ?llox EorAqHoB. Btnet, r.c. riHx. A-p Hrtronofi

fpqAlHopo., Hxcrta Manon6A, opx. Togop

Ctora Hr,rxoaoa, cr. H. c. ,Hr(. l(otcrottrx Cnr!ko!, Eox(oH ToAopoi MroAcHoa,

qe8ftp ro npoH{ulneHd ec?el|xo co+rr, 6yr. rTorneSeu 34

cnEllr4ol4r{HoTo B}3AETCTBhE YAK

HA NPOAYKT14TE HA TPYAA

62:7,05r18

flpoltrtl:neHx.re &!aenu, co He coi4o nonelHn flpeAHerr, re co, perynror oT

MOTePUOnHl,l

xoxro, yrBlpxAoBoiKr,, cneqhOrKoro Ho TUqHOTO

€cre-

A!!AeiCtBre HO npOXllUJ,leShTe r34e-

ayxoBHx, TPya u TBopqecKoro AeiHocT

MEOrO qeCTO OCTOBO

x/AoxecTsei0-06Po3Ho BrlAe;cTBne, xopoK-

YePHO 3Ct nPOt3BeAeHUr].O HO r3t(yCTBOtO. PornrqH&re orrosopx Ho stnpoco 3<r ecrerhq€-

qoBeko. Tola,r crpoHo Ho npoayxrrTe Ho rpyao

CTHKO,30UlO.rO

BKrpgeHr!, no ayHrTe Ho K. MopKc, B <Hrkoe OT BtHTIJHI,'1E OTHOUJEHT' HO flOTESflOCTTOD

BrnntreHoro a Ttx (6oroTc1Bo Ho goBeuJKoro AeiHocr) l.' Ho (goBeulxoTo ncrixonorrtnl oatoBol HePo!KPITX. Aockopo Aoclo ruxpoKo 6eue po3npocrpoHeHo HHeHreTOi qe TaopqecTBoTo e cBlp3oHo coMo c ocoOeH BrA AyxoaHo AeiHocr u npeA, scrqKo c r13(ycrBoro. B c!u.l8ocr, iBopqecKrrI eneieHT e eio6qo npfictul30 qoseu]KoTo AeiHocT. CruteBPeheHHO CbrqecyayBo aLn6oko Bpb3r(o Hexpy rsoPgecKrr xopoKTep Ho 4eixocrro r ecrerlqecxoro qeHHocT Ho rie;Hl', npoAyr(r {cneqH-

9rqHoro coBeUJ(o npolt3BoAclBo e

npousBoa-

crBo <c!t!lo roKo r no 3oKoHrre Ho Kpocotoro>)2. Po!sr.rteao Ho npoMytuneHoro ecter/..a aoBeAe ao '{yBcTBrTenfio p$LrrrprBoHe 8q c+epoTo Ho ec,

eTIqfloTo, Toao nocroel,l npep cneqxont-

cr4re no ecrer&xo peArqo lloax npo6nenrn, eaIH ot r(ouTo e npo6nefitt 3(l ecTeTIqecKoro cneq,!sr!l(o Ho nPeAHeThfe oT oTe. PronHoTo npoll3BoacTso B cpoBHeHre c Hrl(o{ ulaneaoBOTenl, nPeanonoroT! se nprHllrnrle Ho s!xycTsoTo ce oTHocrt u 30 ct3aoBoHeTo ! at3nokeioHelo Ho nDolvK-fl'-le ot HoteDrontoao nPortaoAcrao; ap\lth ao aor.Jn,, ao nrsoaor qe clutecrBytor cneqr+riqHll ecreTneecx, 3cxoHonPor3BeAeHurTo Ho tlrl<ycrBoTo.

HePHocrr, xor.ro aericrsyBor B c+eporo Ho npoa/kTr{Ie Ho npo!3BoAcTsoro. nio aneq'uonyic.rl/, nP'4HaAnexou.l11 Kr14 BTopo.ro HonpoBneHl,,e,

nrrr B cruloTo apeie cirToa, 9e

c(orc cneq,!0rko Ho

npoMrurfleHrTe x3aenr,

4oBexaoT ,qo npxHqxnHo polrrqH, B!3rneall 6bPx/ IrxHoro oqeH(o. OTHogono ule polrneaome no3rqfirro Ho oHe3n, r(ol,rTo xe BrxaaT po3nrKo iexay ecrer[qe. cKoTo a!]aelicTBie fio npon3Bea€Htlrto Ho ,3KycraoTo r,r Ho npoAyxtx.le Ho npo llulneHoTo npol,l3soacTEo. Hor-H3se(reH HexAy Trx e oHrnnicKr4tr Teoperrx Xtp6tpr Pua Toi porrnexAo nPofir,luheHrTe r3aenffi xoro npoh3BeaeHm

qllcrl,l xyAoxeclBeHx (DopHr. CnopeA PHA crBbp!!eHcrBoTo Ho Te3a Oopt1x, xofio 11 ctBlpUJeHcTeoto xo tpoprrare B r3xyclBoTo, ce onpeaen, ol ocTPoyMnH, 14H HoTeHOTfiqeCKr CTpOeXl o6crpoKTHoro ,3K/crBo, Koro

e xogecfso, Koe1o ce

noc.rl,tTo tHTyuTnBHo.

'lnt,l Pearqo xrcneaosorenr, Kolrro

!oeror

ano-

MelPonSo nporl,tBonoroxHo n03rqn, cnprMo POnrlo no o6crpo(rHoTo x3KycTBo , MHlyrT,TBHOTO OqesXO,

O6Oqe npre

oT, ve

Tllfe Ho norruJneHoto ec1eTrKo N

npoayl(npor3Beae-

HntTo Ho l,tJxycTBoTo co eaHotrnHy, TExAecTBeHU no otl{ouJeHxe Ho ecTeTrqecKff {M xo-

l, HO t(p&repxxTe 3(l oqeH(o, r'lpuBrpxeHIqhT€ HO Tosll atlrfiea ,3xoxaoT ot roBo, 'le poKTeP

Beul iloxe AO gePn! KynfypHo or c+eporo Ho ,]K/crBoro. flp{ ToBo HOTeP'!OnHoTo t ayxoBHo qeHHocl Ho nPeairero, aeroarre $yx*qr,tor'rorHri xoqecrao n ecreTrqecKr1e y csoficlBo cn oaroBor coxoMOTePXOrlHoTO

qe8Hocr cono

a/flo cono !o

apyr. Ty*

cToBo

ecTe-

clrnocyBoHe Ho atTPeuHo

csl,P3oHX +yHxqxoHonHo-xoHcTpyt(TrlaHu

K. Mopkc, O. 3Hzenb<. U3 poHHtx npoBeedeHun. M., focnonumurdom, 1936, .. 594-595

Hn:le fiPeaieTfi co B ctcTorSre ao okq3BoTl,

cTorTenHH, HeroBltcrrlrl eaH, oT

cv6 BoT

yTxnrlTop-

He-

Tr9ecxl,l t3ncKBoHr,1r,

B roar cnyvori, utox e he3oBncuilo or {yxxuro' HOnHff Crlr4Cln Ho flp€aHeTo, ec1eTl,l9ec(oTo

oqeH(q ll3xoxao or

oqeHXoTo

ce rPoan u3(nro'{rrenHo BrPxy

cpoBN.Bic--,

npe.oa or cn, (T.xH.qec(di r.rer,no, 6p. 17.170 t.- cCCp

c $opt|oro

Ho eyonoHrre-apyrn npeaierx ll nPor3BeaeHH Ho rsKycfsol'o. Ho nPeaeH nnoH

lyK

&3n!KBO yCTOHOAtAOHeTO

B IlAerriTo

oco6eHocrn. nony'{rru urnpo(o Po!nPoclPoHeHre a eanH l1nx apyr nePno4 (HonPnirep cloTaeTcisre Ho o{roTo r,r ioporo). nPn roBo

,3CneaoBorerrTe

nprHyAeHx

onePnPoT

c xoreroPur,l, nPeHeceH, a nPo luneHdro ecre-

ot o6nocrro Ho SopionHi{, u3KycrBo_ Toao aoaexao He coito ao HentnHo I €aHocrPoHqn6(l oleHxo, lto ll ao

TnKo

Beaqecl(,, oHonrs.

onocHocr oT norBo Ho PolPnB nexAy ecrerl,lqecKoTo11 (byHxqroHonHo-TexH6gecK{Te

cTpoH}l

Eto xoxgo nrure ao ro3, noBoa ,rsecixvri cne' qronrcr no nPo rurneHo earerrxo a TAP 3. 6e_ reHoy: (3o potBrrxero Ho AxloiHo s fAP ce

Ho no_ HrrriHur onopor Ho rpoa[qHoHBoro ecrertro

or(o3Bo HenncaoTBoPtio 14!nonlyBoHelo

lt lltKycftolHqflreto, HocoqeH rhll ratoPrrlo fio filo6polrienHofo ,!xyct6o I rlll HeroBrfe ecteirqec(t xoleroptt. . . B npoitluneHoro ecrerrko roKl,tBo noHttl.tt xoro +oPHo,, rlrrocfHo(f, cTPyKT).Po lr,roT cneqr+rqHo oAlpxoHrae, xoero ce ornrqoac HonprllreP ol clatpxoHreTo si B aKynnryPoro, xIEOnUCtO, Ttt XOTO g rPOXl,iUneHOiO eCTefrxo relll l<oreroprr,r co cBrPloH, xrrrerPonHo c xoPo(rePxcTrKr4Te Ho nPollr.,uJneHolo nPo-

o6ycroseHn or

Ho ($opiroro B KpoiHo

ciilctno , 3Hoqe|rero

cirei(o

Ho ctor-

letHoto r3lenre)I. Cpea o8ropxre, (or,iro nprlxoBot ecretrqe-

cxoTo afleqxorKo Ho nPoHrur,leHfile r3aenrt, ,rlro iHoro ,3Becflix reoperrqt Koro T. MonAoBoao, Ax. K. AproH I Apyrh. [lpxBlpxeH5.

qtre Fo roBo

HonposrleH&e

06ore

poanrr'rHo

o6i<HrBor Heifioro nporBo. Hrxo, ot rtx calp3aoI ecleTmHoTo a xyaoxecTBeHolo nPoexTrpoHe c potxPr.lBoH€ Ho norrq8oTo alPyx-typo Ho

tlraerreTo, c a[3yonHolo nPeactoao 3(r atnSoKo o6tl&cneHo at{creno Ho Koxctpyxlr,rsHtle eneneHrr, ioleProrri x r.H. Teln raer 5txo POTBTBOHT,!

OUle OT nPeACTOB{TanXre HO POHHtt

{yxxqloxonr,otn, ioKop qe roroBo ao Hoclint.r rPxo [,Po!ex ecfetlqecK, oTTeHrl( l,r co ce csLpronl,l

,rKosBoHeTo (ao 5!aeu !ecleH>, (oHcrPyKrlxrTo.

ao He ce cxPrBo

MonaoHoAo

ri Herosrre /qeHxqt BlxAor Ho yTrnr{ToPH14Te

ecTerrqecKoTo cneq{o{xo

coqkonHo-Por).i8oTo (}yHxnxr, !x, K. Aprox, {iBecrHrnr rronroHcKi reoperlK 80 X3XyatBO',t'O l,l HO nPOHTUJ,1eHOTO ecteitKo, aitTo, qe (nPoeKTtT e eaHoaPeHeHHo t,l conoTO l4lAerlne, ll H€rosoto ,3o6poxeBte), qe ooPnofo e o6exT Ho ecYelrgec(o BllnrroHn€, Tti xoro r, []o6porrBo nlpenrero (oro cneqr+rqHo <$yxxqr,roxonxo crpyxrypoD2.

Ctapenerrrre npxBrpxeHrqr Ho lAetro !o eaTeTfitrecKoTs cneqr6xko Ho xyaoxeciaeHo_ nPoeKToHTCXrTe nPOAyXTX

nPotluuJneHoTo l43aenne.

Te!, (o,{ecr!o

el, He ronKoEo 6!8 artronnloqrrao rlo cTp/Kr/Poro ,lrrr Konl(olo B r,t3raiaoHero 8o TrxHoro (byHKrll.roHonHo clBlPuJeHclBo rr Ho nPea

He CnOAenti

nHe-

xrlrTo Ho (DyHKqroson{aTrre ,t (oHcrPyxrrl_ trclx.re oT M{fior1oro. KorTo co oTlxaectgi-

aon, ecterr'{}roro u rexHtqecxoio B nPoayKTo HO TpyAs, *OlO CO Crlrrorlll, qe coro KoHc'lPy(_ TXBHOTO

Pe!!eHHe nPrrexoso ecreTrqecKo

ctoi-

8ocr. B Horue BPexe ecterrqecKoro cBoeo6Ps' 3re Ho nPoMulllrleHnIe rrAen9, Bce flo_qecfo ce

Por(PraoHe Ho rexHtli ctrrctr, xoa TIXHO'O ooPio. Ecretxve_ aKoTo Ln BrlaeicTafie ce Po36TPO I(OTO atlnPle_ yoHe Ho BcecTPoExoto clarPuJel{clBo Ho aoAeH

cBLprao

PO(TeP! qeHflOCT npeaneT.

(Dophoro Ho npo[sBeaeHrt-ro

io rlKycraoro

oYPs3rBo cllrcino xq nPeAMero xo'lo oco6eHo ,6fleHXe s ioTePronHoro xynryPo, o xoPo(tePo io coqtonHrTe f,BneHrt! Kolllo nexoT li3Bli ao.

aefirr

npeaxer.

llpu3HosoHero Ho cneqr(DrKolo

HOTO B nPOAy(r

Xr€

flo

eaaerrq.

HO TPyAO Ha nsKnloqaO TOEO,

qe ae tlolor ao rrrPo3rBor He coio cBos co6ct_ leH citcrn. xo x (oLlrontoro aeictBxrenHocT.

npeAoosoro !o cnaq{otiqHocfto Ho ederrqe_ cKoTo atarPxoHre Ho nPoHHUJneHXte l',aen,' ltc HoHontBo 3xoqeHrleTo Ho ,lxycrsoto !o po3stlTrlero Ho xyaoxecTBeHoTo nPoekT,PoHe' Po_

| 3, <<MuPt

6.2evo't. O'tttKt4ut, 6oqito, xoecarnoo. M.,

1969,

129-130

7 G. G. Argon. Relotione ol corgresso internotiono,c ,. D. X. ftiennol., P, Spddo/ini. Disperie del coBo di ptogcttoziona ottia pet indurttie.v. l, Fitenze, 1960, c, 99

nrTo Ho ,rKycTsoTo (e ctcTo, He coho B

Po3-

po6oTkoro Ho oopt,lonHs apeAcrBo, Ho B s po3BrTreTo Ho o6qo ecreTrqecKo qyBcTBo, roeTo

nO3BOnrAO AO Ce XOCnO)(AOBOBe HO nPeKPOC-

HO'O BIB Bcuqr(rre Hy nPorBrl. Cru.lecrByBor HrKor!l<o ,leroAonortLiHl, Boproriro ,o oqeHxo fio xyaoxecrBeHo-npoeKloHTck, nPo-

ayRfr, xorTo ce ocluleclBrBo Bt3 ocxoBo nPT3HOBOHeTO HO

ecteTtqeCkOTO

Cneqn(bMkO.

or eoproxrrre onerhpo (rr cBoeo6po3re , oprrrHonHocf Ho ltlaen|1eTo, Ho fieroBoTo E4rn

crPyr(Typo H r(oHcrpykqrr, (oTo cBrprBo ecTeTrgec*oTo qyBcTao & ecTeYrqecKolo oqeHKo c Br3nPreioHelo ll ycToHoarBoteto Ho ToBo cBoeo6po]re. Toi}l noAxoA l.lr.1o oco6eHo 3HogeHre ,o oqeHKoTo Ho ISaenrrTo, KoltTo ce oTnrgoBot c BrcoKo creneH Ho HoBocr, Toi e Aocfo nepcne(trseH 3o /anoB{rto Ho crBPer4eHHoao HoyqHolexHrqecxo PeBonloqvtt 3(l xorlo e xoPoKTePeH

8e coHo HenPeKrcsoTo PocTrulrrr 6Po; soBn ,tae,lnr, Ho I noBIuJoBqHeTo Ho cTeneHTo lto

frxHo.lo HoBoaT . Csoeo6porrero ll opxrrHonHocrro Ho npeafiero o6o're ioror Ao ce po3Brsor npnxqrnHo PotnrqHo B 3osrclr.rocT oT ToBo aohll KSll io3, nPeaher ae noaxoxao l(ofo r(th r(o 6riHollx, oT e,Iet1eHtH tn, koTo r(ti earHrio KoHclPyK-

rusHo llrno, fltpannr noaxoA ,oul6u,toBot flpeacToBrrerlNre HG roKo HoPeqeHoro ,H00Pllo, qrroHHo earerx(o 11, 5eH3e, A. Mon la Ap,

l1t1oT

,3BecrHo,

to laHQoplloqr,roHHoro ecreT$Kq $OPiOaO $O r lAen$elo nPeAcloBniBq xoH6llrioqtt, oT enereHTN, Kot ro !o qoBeKo Kol(To

earH unv apyr cHxcrn B 3oroBo

POnTTO HO 3Bor.lr. HO nFeAeH nnOH

r,rrponT

r3nrlO nPrlr-

Ti Ce OnPe. aeff xoTo hrPxo n<l floBo, HenPeaBsaeHo n HeBeporrHo npr r36opo x polnpeAenrHefo Ho HOKIT 3(l +OPrlOnHO OPrrnHOrlI{OCT.

38OqtTe,

Tpoxryaoxero ko oprrrBonHocrro Blr ocHoBo HO nOHrT&eTO Or reopl/lrTo HO xH+OprlOr.lrrro oll(PrBo nr ktH utnonlyBoHe 8o ioTeHoTtgecK{ heroal1 npr ecTeTrgecxoTo or.leHxo. (Hourhrl ocHoBeH le3tc ce crcro, B roBo, qe aoKoTo ntpBoro h BToporo (bo3o Ho ecrer&qecKM npoqe( Ho npourBeAeHsr. lt360p Ho - c!!aoBoHe tHoq, v BlnnlTiaoHeYo, t B oflPeaeleHh HoctlTen, creaBo ao ce oqeHtBol TonxoBo nononoxrTenxo, l(onxofo no.Honxo cd oBTot{oTll!,rpoHh, ,Aeon Ho rperoro (bo3o-oqeHxoro-

e nlnHoto oBTor.rofrloqtat)r.

He rroxe Ao He ae or6enex, o6oqe orpoH[leHOCTTO HO TO3' nOAXOA tGtl OqeHXOTO HO ec-reTxq€cKxre o6eKTx.

ce nporsrBo npeA, acnqxo

a roBo, qe +oHArr or rHoKose. c nolroqro Ho (onTo ce cllaoBor nporsBeaeHrr Ho r3t(ycrBoro,

nPeacToar (oTo t(poeH,:roTBopeH. T/K He cToBol. aylro 3(r crlaoEoHe Ho HoBx 3Hoq[ r HoB afir{ctn. HoBolo ce nporBtBo coho a 136opo ro roroan 3Holl[,6e! ao ce po]npocrpoHtao toii Brpxy conrye lHotl, r{ rexHlre iHo-

a€

qex&r, orryK , nporrBopeqreTo, KoeTo nprstPxexhqrTe Ho sxsopHotlroHr{olo ecrersxo

or6enrlBor npocro xoTo (DoKT: clrHoaenHo npre oHeHo Kplltepm Ho xHtDopHomlHocrro

oprrrHonHocrTo llo o6e(rfile Ho ecreTrageaxoro B!3nPr!rT(e rPr6Bo ao aoscxao ao no-

creneHHo noHgxoBoHe Ho o6utoTo PoBHru{e rio oPrr&HoflHocrro s ecierxqec(oro coePq. HxKoK He e Holoxgterflo o6oqe ecrer&qecl(oro cBoeo6Po![e Ho Hosn, nPeaher ao ce cBtPlBo c

Heo6&qoiHorq Kon6rHoqx,

clr.qecrayBou,l

roToBxr nPeaBoPrTenHo aoAeHt,l erletleHlr,

l,t

xo(lo

nPoarl ToBo l,lH(DoPxoqro|soTo ecTeT[l(o, To oxe ao ce Por6rPo l.l koTo oTPoxeHse Ho oPn_ rrHonHoro qrnocrHo (or{cTPyxTxsxo xaer. MHoro

TeoPeTrq, t,l nool(Tvq, Ho xyaoxecTBeHolo

(n.lrrc BoH Aep Poe, Ax. K. AproH x ap,) co 6nn3xx ao roBo pG6nPoHe. 3o po3nrxo or Bcir(o Apyro KcitsgHoqri or npoeKTrpoHe

ctqectByBou.l, eneieflTll HoBoro qrnocTHo RoN_ arpyKqn, npeAcroBnrBo ar4crel,lo oT HoBl,l ereeHr(. Ti e o6po3yBoHq or ene(eHT!(, Ko(ro co

crcTeioro, nPoHeBxn, cq cBo, cHrctn x xopoKTep; no cllqeclBo Te co g!3xvxHon11 !s npBs ntT B To3, crc'rerao, xoPrKrePrr Ho Bcek, oT Tix e o6raroaeH or xo_ POkTePO fiO APyruT€ eneHe'rrrr, Br3HnxHOn' B KOHCTPykqsrro. ToKo BonPxEeP, noPHoto xo_ trlkHo e B!3Hrr(Hono He (o'ro xo 6l,[ioql,l, oT qhn[HArP, 6yrono , r.H, h qrrhrHArPlr, x 6y_ ionofo 3Cl nPrs ntr co Bt3t{uKHorll r(olo eIIet|eHTll uo To3, tioB nPeaHerr Te co nonyqkn, cBoiro KolecrBeHo onPeaeneHoci, cBo, oco6€H cHr,rcLn x xopoxrep B orHoureHxe eanH (bM apyr ce TPoHcooPi{Por1n B

I H. Frcnk. Grundloganpobleme det lnfotmotion' sosthetir( und ercte Anwendung ouf mifie pute. stuttgott. 1968, .. 56-57

cnELll,lo14KA HA

METOAt4T{ECK14TE

CPEACTBA

xvAoxEcTBEHO

NPOEKT14PAHE

YAK 62,Olr:7.0s rPt,, TO

P ]4

npc.oa 6r <n, (T.iHxq.c(oi rcr.r,(o,-CCCP 6p. 8/r969 r.qnE

1. Koxeo roprlvoxe (ieroaaaqecxlr cpeacrBoD

cneqr(DnKoio Ho npoqecrre Ho npoexra{poHerol 6noroeopeHre Ho (oxro ce +opt.lrrpor norpe6r-

x/aoxecrBexoro nPoerTrPoHel PorrnexAoiefo Ho Btnpoclrre, KoLro ce orHoair Ao cnequonxoto {o HeroArqecKxre cpeA<rBo Ho xyaoxecraeHoro npoeKrupoHe, e Heo6xo4fiHo slB Bpr3(o c Hoii-ion(oABe ,!raxBo|rrx, xon1o npoxrrr(oto npeararBo xl}l npo-

Tencxrfe caoiclBo xo rlaenlrTo. Ctutecrsysoqnre t.leioar,,qecxx npenopaKn,

clr9Ho ctoTaetatBygor Ho nocoge8sae

ecrerrxo. Ho ntpBo r,trcto, ltoPOCTBO nOlPe6sOCT'rO OT eroArr(l.r !O XyAOXeCTaaHo npoe(t{PoHe Ho Po3rBrrHn rPynx npolltiu,reHr rtAenrr. 6porr Ho noreHqrorlHxre

HonHo o.toDcro xo{qenqxti aoa6 ssdoD6qqxr ro ioaq Hq pq6oraao N Hr ao.o.lrioxHocr aq no ioycri tqDxcBrre .*.ari

nprrexoaor crlAo!oHr4Te r3Aenrr. OcBerrBoHero Bo Te3, Brnpodr B ieToar(xre !o xyAo.

noTP€6rreh, Ho Te3, HeToArK, ce ysenlgoBo

xecrBeHo npoeKTnpoHe e Heo6xoAnHo ro npoex.

reoHeTPIqHO nporPecff nopoAn ilocoBoTo aHeePrBoHe Ho n eloarre 3Cl xyaoxecTBeHo nPoeKTrPoHe BrB ac{gxr orPocnx Ho nPorrBoAcrBoro. 1.1 sropo, a qrn prct ce mnpos, nPo6neilrT ,o ynpoBrrrBoHe Ho (oqecTBoro Ho

roHTo.npoxTxl<.

Axe< o5o.re rolrtio 3Bo'ieHre npxAo6xso ll oTroaoPrr Ho Brnpoco 3oulo ce npoexTrpo IHeHHo AaAeHOTO I3A€nre C OnpeAen6Hl,l noTpe6rrencKx cBoclao rn, Koeto e Bce cluloro: HO XOl(aO OCHOBOHTe AOAeHX'T npOeKT HO

npoHuL!fieHoro npoAyKqrr, KoiTo xe ioxe ao ce Peux, aoxoTo 8e ce ,trcHrr nplporolo n

l<rH

apyrrre

ene|leH1'll oT CblJloTo KoficTpyK-

qt{i. Bcex, oT 7e3k npea}relr, Ko(fo ,

xoH, crPyxqxrro KoTo qrno, npurexoBoT BlrpeLlHo earxcT6o.

Ecrecrselo, oqeHxoro Hcr aocroiHcrBoto

npealler He ioxe ao ce ocHoaoBo alpxy crolBeTciareTo Ho npeaMefo Ho PoArakonHo HoBm

urxor(tB eTonot In9 Ho HIXOTAII O6pOrqX.

no.

roPe ,trcKBoHl.rt: Te oTroEoprT Ho BtnpocrTe koK Tpr6Bo Ao po6o xyAoxHnxlT.npoekrot{r r koxgn nprrNoqtl (cBoicTBo) Tpr6so Ao

tll,tLlJneHolo

neroa, H. B ora.r. no reopr iyaox..r.eHoro nro.frpon. .ru BHt1l4T3 .o ,onorHorx ,.crea.qHri no toiFo6otxq so ioa.nN .rp6i, {o nDoexr{eoN.ro iaro .noxHq r.oPce(xo aeiro.a, Crd itq Ho E. Trrropre., (orro 6erpxo opr.r-

KoHTo

c(l ctclogeH, Kot(To no oTpoc.no6, .tol<o ,t no iexAyorpocroB (Trnororr,iex) nprHq{n, qo-

Apyrrnr xeroarvecxtr sopxoHr 3o

oqeHKo

flPoilrruneHolo nPoAyK4x, all3 ocHoBo Ho nPr!HoBqflero Ho ear€rrrtecKoro i cneq&0rKo ce crcro, B ToBo, qe +oplroro Ho tllAeirrro ce nprenor 30 n3po3 l{o o6utecrBeHo nonerHocr rl

Ho cBlploHoro c Her

SyHktlllosorlHo-TexHr-

yecko crBrpueHc?Bo, ToBo HqnpoBneHre ce Po3snBo BlB BHhhTEl. Ctrnocxo roill KoH.

roKla cnyqoi ule c€ Honoxlt ,rxoaHoTo norcxeHre Ao 6!4€ po36rpoHero Ho KoHcrpyxltrrTo

qenq{a B qoBeuJxoTo ct3HoHIe ce norBrBoT o6o6rqeH, npeAcroB, 3o +opHoro Ha npe4HeTrle, Kol,tTo a PolrnqHo clenet nPITexoaoT

HOHe HO (OHCTpyXtTBH(ITO llf,IocT, Klll Bt!nPreMcse xaerro 3(l npearrero B o6qff Hy Bua { (!H npocneArsoHe?o lry B peroinr, B rtocrHoC]n. l43potrBoHeTo Ho r(oHc.r.py(TraBHoro rAet xoPoKrepl,l3l,rpo fienocpeacrBeHo AeiHocr.r'o Ho xyaoxnxKo-npoeKroHT, Herosr, npuHoc 3(I cb3AoBoHero Ho HoBffi npeArrer,EnoroAopeHre Ho xyaoxHr(o HoBoro li3aerre noxe ao ce ar3nPrenl , xol_o coMocTorTenHo kyny/pro qeHHOCT, {OTO [HTepece8 l,l e(TeTrqecKl qeHeH no cBo€t. Ko'{ecrseHo csoeo6poj&e npeAH€T,

o6utectseHo-qeHHr1e arpeAHer,

xolo crcaero oT Hoa, (oHtTpyxrrBHg eneileHTr, koelo npeanonoro opreHrrpdfie kri Bllnpl4e-

o6utecrBeHo-qeHHoatnrr

cBoicraq. tDopnrte

s qrrocr

no ce

Burr<, Honpu!1ep, M. Oedo|ooe. ScnemleecKo, npedkefiHoi cpedbt. fexiuqecKo, acmemuxo, 1959, Ne 12; f. Muiepsu{, M. Oedopos, qefiHocmb

06 xmemugecxux xoqecmeox

fioacoeozo amDoumenb-

cmso. <A|xumexmypo CCCP>t, 1958, N9 2; E.3('deceaeq. Oqeuxo acmemu!ec(ozo yDooH, nporlbtuneHHoi npodyxquu. <Texxu,!e<;ot )cmemuKo), 1969, Ne 12.

I3Aer&efo ce criTo 3Cl npI€HnIB HXKO-nPOeKTOH',

3Cl

3(l XrlreHtO, 30

xyaox-

eKcnepTl1"

!oTo. 30 Aononyqxiroraosop r{o ro!r.t Blnpoc, ule rpr6so ao ce PolPo6oTrT Tokr,rBo heToaxqecxn apeaCTBO 3O XyAoXeClSeHO nPOeRTrPOHe, XOr,rTO 6rXO onPea€nr,llt nPreHnl,lBocTTo 8o oKoHqorellHolo

PerrleHre. xyaoxHuK!r-nPoexYoHT, *oiTo nocTotHHo yceulo nrncoTo Ho eToarKI B cBotTo Po6oro,6, rrorurr Ao r(oxe c Ayfirre Ho B. Mdr. (oBcxx: (3Hoere nl,l xoKBo, ysoxoeio q]iryrxol Hue yxocxo cu npur,rvor.re c Boc: or ctulo xpeqr-

o tlruto He oro Ao Koxo!).

Xy4oxruxtr-npoexroHT qe Hoxe ao o6oc-

xoae cBouTe P€LUeHrr, ao aoKoxe npoBltrlHo(TTo HO CEO' nPOe(TeH 3011rcrn COI'O npu yCnOB'le, qe HeToIr{qeckure cPeaaTBo !o xyaoxecTBeHo nPoeKTxPose Po3KPXBOT BrT Pe Lrl fi OTO nOTrr(O 8Cl xypoxecTBeHo"KoHCTPy(roPCKlrr l!Poexr BrB 6ceKr NoHKpeteH chy'roi. Toi ute l,|rs Bt3roxHo-

crro Ao y6exAoso ocroFonyre

npoekroHirrr

Koro rr,r roBopH c roqeH eAHolHogeH HoneH e![x,6e, Ao ce npesp]u,to

l.l

npo$ecuo-

coqronor,

,xoHotlgct, iqTeioTl,!K l,nt,l aoxe B Meark l,l 6xonor, Korfio ce cnygBo cero c oHe3r npoe(-

foHr[, xoxlo nparT

Knroq

xrE cBorTe npoe-

TOHTCkI npo6ne

ll s Apyrx HoyqH, cBeToBe,

3oAoqoro 30 o+oprrHe Ho roxrso lreropeLiea*, cpeacrao qe ce peut, oxo pcpo6oTKoTo

Ee.loaxt(xTe

xyaoxeaTseHo npoeKtxpoHe

ce aoBeae AP PoBHxu{eTo Ho norrqecKrie fioaenr, KorTo unrr{PoT nPoqecq PeuJoBoHe Ho nPoeK.loHTcKr.re 3oAoqx

of xyaoxHnko-npoeKToHT

nocpeAclBol orrq:cKrr rioAen 6, tlorno

ce o6rcHlr 8e coi{o !ou{o AoaeHffir nPoe(T xHo

ofipeaeneBx nofpe6lllencxt csorcrBo, Ho 6,

horno r HotneaHo ACl ce aeHoHcTPrPot HercBnte aocToiHcTBo r HeaocToltqr, l(qTo

ce ar3nPo9rlaeAe qeD[rr nPoqec Ho nPoeKrrPo-

HeTO l. C TOBO Ce nOCTl,lrHe ynPOBneHXe XO Ct3AOAOHeTo Ho HoBx norPe6lrTencKl,l cBoicTBo Ho

npealieTxre qpe3 BtraeicrBre Brpxy npoqeco

xyAoxecrBeHo nPoe(rxPoHe. ocBeH Toso, nor/t'{eaKItl oPceHon oT HeToalqecKl, cPeacTBo u{e no3sorl.r ao ce nPorH03xPol xogecTgolo l.l cBoiarBoro Ho 6bAerqrre x3Aerxr. B

Toit crorri

ul,le ce onl,laBolle

ao aoaer

HrKol,l

flPrHqkn{ 3o nocTPorBoHeTo Ho nornqecKrr oPceflor or HeToalreakn aPeaciBo.

2. CneqxoxKo Ho npoexroHrcxoro tlsanete HeAocrorbq{Te Ho HeroarqecK}rre npeanrco-

nPeACTOBX

Kor,rfo cero ce PorPo6ofBor, nrncoro Ho Xrf' OnPeAeneH O6ekr HO nPO+ecroHonHolo TBoP'lecKq aeiHocT tloxe ao ce o6rcHn c roBo, qe Bce oule He e r3rcHeHo cneqrrlrxoro ro npoekro8Tcxoro rihcneHe. Po3po6or(OTO HO ,lOrllqeCKITe HOAer:{ l,l HO OPCeHOnO oi leloarqecKn cPepcrBo Ho x/AoxecfgeHoTo

o6qecTBeHo

nPoexT9Pose, nPeaHo3HoqeHl/l 3(r KoHKPeTHO nPOexTIPOHe, t|OXe AO Ce noEThrlte HOntnHO COllO nPh n.bnHo tcHoTo no To!{ BtnPoc.

Hlli,

HOCOqeflOCT

npueMor 3(r xpoorBr. qoBek apoBHrso Sopfioro HO

CllepqOBOHffi nPeA eT arc CBOTTe

ecTetrqecKlt |/taeonn , ToBo xll€HHo nPeau3aI(BO eateTrgec(oTo ny PeoKLIrr. (Dopioro ioxe Ao ce Bllnpre otl Ao B!3AeicTByBO ecTeTlllecKr HeSoal1cr o oY ToBo aonll

Hoaex no!HoBo aeicrBrlenHoTq nore3Hoaa

Ho npear,rero, fiorlo nPxrexoso flrrHoro l,l ioqHo oqeHKo o6oqe,

Tor& OopMo.

cbrnoaHo Td3r.r KoHqenq{rt BrntoqBo nPoBep" xoTo otHocHo ctefieHto uo ctoTaetcTate nexay oBrplueHcrBoTo Ho ooP oro ,! qeHHocTTo Hq ll3AenMeTO.

flpl13HoBoHe

Ho cneqx(DyqHoro eaieTrqHo

Er3-

AeicTsne Ho npoAyKTxTe Ho xyAoxeclBeHoTo nPoe(r&Porie npea13Br,t(o peal,lqo rHrepecHl xae, , Kolrqenqrr. Cero, xo 6ororo xo roan o6u{ npxHqun, croHo Br!r.!oxr{o a}r4ecaByBoHero HO lrrKonKo floaxoao K5 oqeHKoTo Ho I!Ae-

ntliTo. Te3, noAxoAl,t IoToa Ao ce AofllnBoT B3OrMHo 1.1 Ce nprroror B po3nrqHlTe c+epx Ho oqeHkoTo Ho r(oHecTaoTo BtB BptSKo c eaHn unll

,cPyrx cneqrorrHl,l qenl,l,

3oaovr.rre, arrxuxaou.u, BIB Bpr!Ko

peuoso-

HeTO hO TO3l,' B.bnPOC, CO TOTKOaO HHOrO

IOXO

cnoxHr, re eaBo nl,l 6nxEe r4orn, ao rr4 peuJfii a PoiI(4Te HO eAHO Ctolr.rr.3OTOBO C}l nOCIOBrHe cnoPea Hoc Hoi-rrloaHo.ro 3oaorlo ce onIToMe ao u3rcHl,ttl c KoxBll o6eKTl, -,4c oflePXPO XyAOXHxKTT-nPoeKTOHT.

['lpeAfi scfi,iKo rpr6so Ao po3rpoBnqxH npeA. xeTITe Ho n P oe KTo rlTcr(o.ro TSoP'{ecTso or o6eKtrTe Ho SetoBoTo HrcneHe. 9ecto nrru tr),BoHe ao ce rosopr !o xopoK'rep-

Hrte cnoco6Bocr, Ho 4(r

xyAoxHeKo-nPoexTo

Cb3AOBO qrnOCrHO O6PO3HO nPeACtOBCT !O

.lPeafiefxie, xoio e0HoBPelleHHo nPoHr(ao B Hoi-Ape6irxTe noApo6Hoarn x Aer'oinx Ho rex-

in, cTpoex. nPrl

ToBo 8di-qeclo ae oT]xaecr_ ataor noHtTrtTo (nPealleT)i, (oseKT)) , (aeq)). He 6180 o6oqe ao ce to6polt AsoicrBeHrtr xdPoKtep H6 fPrle PeorlHn nPea ero, c KorTo nPoeKToHirl 6oPcB[ no lPeHe rlo nPoexllPoHero. Toi TPr6Bo r.rHoro Ao6pe ao ctrHoso, qe B ,|(r3BeHrTe CHtyOLlrX (XOIO CernBitt, qyxaL nonelHx nPeairerD ce nPorBraoT (onPea eTe'

Hrte c!ulHoctH, go!eu(, crn[)), ToBo txogr' qe xororo xyAoxHrKbr-nPoe(loHT Po6oT6 c +oP_ rloTd, (c BrAo l,l0 ceTiBHl{t. . noneleH nPea_

Her), 'roi trto po6oro a seq; Kordto ntx ce o6prulo Krll cbArpxoHxero Ho nPeAieIo! nPep

Hero 3ocToBo Heulo KoqeclBeHo aPyro, o !lleHHoorpoxe8xeTo Ho coir, qoBeK, BeroBrle <onPe_ aileTerarl chulHoclllll crnxr. [1o toKlB tloqrH npeAieiLT c6 PotxPrBo a craTeHoTo (qorex_

reul,. Llrnoto anoxxoci npr po3nrqoloHe noHtlrtro

(npeAller Ho rBopqearBoTo)l,, (o6el<T Ho tlrcreHeTO> Ce CbCTOl{ IrtleHHO A iOBO! '{e npll nPeHnHOBOHe OT €AHorO noHrrre apyroto € Heo6-

xoArio

Kli

rrrcjreHo Ao ce npexBtpnrir B o6nocrro

xo no,HoHrrro !o peonHl,li xlisor

(o6nocrro Ho npeA errre). B aoepoio Ho npoe(ToHrc(ofo

cBHoBhe (o6nocrro Ho o6ekTrie Ho rrcneHero), l(tAero ce npoexrrpo npeo6poryBoT Beqe He PeonH,

nPeaierr, o TexHrTe ycnoas,

eexo

cetrenr

$opr.rra).

Cneqr$rvxrre cBoicrBs Ho o6eKTo

r6op-

9ecTBOiO nO3BOntBO.r HO XyAO)l(HTXO-nPOe(TOH.r 4O uro6po:u c r|oKcrfrorHo oaexaoTHocr PeonBrTe OlHouiefir, Ot Tl,lnO (gOAeK.np€AHeT)),

(olrTo ce +oPirPoT a xrBoTo s clorBe1cTBre ctc SoxoHxre Ho o6ulectseSoTo at3npontBoacTBo. Cneqv$rxoro xo o6eno Ho ircnelero norBontao flo nPoeKToHTo ao B3€Mo nPeaBfia, oT eaHo cTpoHor BrSuJHo BtSnPXexoHoto roTePxorlHonPoc.lPoHcfEeHot BeLqHo onPeaereHocr Ho nPeaHeTO, O OT ApyrO CTPOHo

HerOBoTo COllrOrlHO-

qeHHocTHo ,Ho'{&ftocr, npoiBtBoqo ce Koro onPeaneTeHu BrB aeulrlte (ctu]HocYHlt HoseuJl(I c{nrD. nPoKfuqec(, ToBo ce [!po3iBo B cneaHoro. flpeA xyAoxHrr(o-npoexroHr ce Holrrpo nr(oxlB npeAr.1eT: {onprl.ep Hoco Hnn no(ofio-

T{8.

He3OBrCtr,to OT TOBO, r(Ot(BO

l(OHKPeYHO

loaoqo PetuoBo E chyqoi nPoeKToHf!l,

1e3r

,HTepecyBot B aBo ocne(To, oT eaHo crPoHo, roi Porrnexao iocoTo nnh nokorrorhBo (xoiro x Ao e npe4ner) Koro (oooPMesO> Or npoulBoAaTBoTc npxpoaHo Trno, T.e. KOTo AeUl, XOirO xrro onpeaeneHo rorePnonHonP€ar1eln

npocTPoHcTaeHo

oproH13ollrr, onPeaeneHo iroP-

Oonornr. Ot apyro crpoHo, crulnf,t npearler rocroao npeA Hero *oro o6!.iecrBeHo-goBeuxq (yrranrropao, (ynrypHo , ecrerrqecKo) qeH-

o6pck (noaenl{re). l.hexxo rern noaenn co o6exrr ro npoex-

HOCi. or rolx rneaHo royxo nPoeKroxrrY Po3rnexao lt t ocofo, r rloKoioTrBo oKcronoat4qHo*,

TOHfCXOTO frtCneHe.

rrrxocT Ho .l.e!t,l npeAnerr, Koro npear.rerx flo

C noHorllro io roKrao o6el(Tr-ioAenlt

xyAoxH{(}r-npoeKToHT rqe Ho*e Ao x!o6po3r, u co-

r.lrorHoro cPeao, B xorTo qe ce HoHr/rpoT cl3aoBoHrTe or Hero npeAneTn, n oHo3x npeaieTHo cpeao, E l<orro ule xraerT xopoTo I 3Opoa orciPoHrBoHeTo Ho qrrro HepocTorEqrl 3OnOeBO

rr COIOTO nPOeKrrpOHe, C gpyrn p'yrl,n,

no-rope nporhaope'rre a chcTetloto (9oBex-BeuDr {oeTo cbcToBnr60 oct{oBtioTo nPorrBopeqxe Ho peonHrre npeatleru anoHeHoToTo

nPoeKTor{Tcr(oTo TBoprecraor

BnoroAopeHre Ho trx rnoBHn AeicrByBoulx nxqo }l oKcecooP, B ycfloslll{re roaerfit (rlHCqeHIPOAKI))! (OITO nPOexrOHTrT (polrrpoBo) no

e4HoapeHeHHo

coqtonHoro cpeao (yoBeKtr Koro cLaxynHocr

o6u{ecyBeHt oTHoureHhr),

npeA erHoro

cpeao (crsKynHocrro oa orqyxAeH[ie 6

coqtonHo-qeHHoaTHqTo 3Ho-

nPor3Boacrsolol/l nofpe6neHuero, (oTo apeaclao

ro oKrraHo nPeo6polyBoHe Ho KoH(petHn xt3HeHl,l trTIoqrx B no-urxPoxoro crcrelio Ho

BttnPotrsoaaaloTo, Barko capoHo, oT Korto xyApxHrKrrlnPoe*ToHT Polrnexao nPeaiero, HeroBoTo cor.lrsnHo

nPeareTHo cPeao

e carP-

toso cnoPea Hoc crc crorseTHrr ioqrr Ho noaenrPoHe. fllpsrrr Hqqt.H ce c}ctor s x3nonryEoHe

Ho fiopoonorrqHoTo nore M, xoero

po3peutoao

g o6exto Ho flpoe*toHTcl(oto iltcfleHe. Toao e rnoBHrir cneqr+ri9eH npr3Hot( r'ro o6ex.rrTe, c Korlo oneprpo xyaoxHNl<tT-npoe(aoHr.

BPeHe HO npoeKrxpoHelo,

ol no3rqrrTe Bo

qo-

L AKcLonozu

t fioqu-

Hoyt<o

Jo qe\Hoamume, Axcuo-

cbc aotluonBume qegHocmu. -Cmomurmo he pBzne],<do npo'netaume Ho qeHBocmmo komo mo4oeo. Aemopbm npenopbqeo

nczuqeH

ce6proH

xHuzoma Ho o. r, a!o6{uqxu. <Mub ort<uawux npcdncmoa, np{rnefio qc{Hocmu u nop*auamKoh

gfunoco$utt, M., nonumuiom, 1967,

o6po3yBo 3 chrHoHrero Ho Au3oiHepo or Hrcfle. Hl.lTe o6crpoKtlxta, olHoarull4 ce Khl, oTe-

HrqecKoro clBrpuJe cTao>, HonpIllep, xopoK_ ,ePxlLpou,to cxopocTTo HO AAr)l(eHl'e1o, rioxe

O Pr'O H r3O l,l t lto BrHurr{ri aBrrr. BtopniT HoqrH npegcToBnrBo t{3non3yBoHe Ho oxcronotlqHoto none A, o6poryBono ce B Ax3oi8epcKoTo crl. lroHre oT r,rrcneHrTe o6cTpo(ql.rr, xotto ce

HO HO eAtr UnU Apyfn noP+onoruqFr KoH6rHoqrll. Cofirre o6crpokrlxl{ (xoro ene-

c o6ctpo(qr[te I Ho nopoororrqHofo l,l No or(clo,lorrqHoTo none (Ho[priep c (KoH. atPykqxrToD I c (yao6arsoro npll ynpoBneHre))). A*cronoryrrrre , xop+onorrt ria co cBrp!o8n c noneloTo 80 o6cTpol(qrxTe (or gl,rrTo ereHeBt, co norlyqeEr) eKorrorrqecKr *r r,e, r(oTo oProHr!ltrl l. cpear. Honprirep, noneto A e ycnoBxe to ctqecrByaoHero Ho iop+ororrlito lt 't..H,

PXOIHO-nPOCrPqHCTaeHOiO

r,'

olHociT Kltt 06qecTBeHo-\roBeu KoTo cr Po. MeH1-tl

Hq noneto)

B!3Hl,tKBot

llo crloTo

cneqx+rtHllTe oTHoueHl', Ho xyAoxfi nro-npoe(toHl xttr 3oo6llKonrulr, ro npeA eaeH aBrr: Bcrqxo, KoeTo nonoao B c(bepoTo Ho HeToBoro crlnoHxe, nPeTbpnrBo (nonrPrlor,tr,rr), koTo ce P@noro Ho aBe qocTr: eaHoTo e r!Po3 Ho collronHoro tlessocT Ho npeAHeTo A, o apyrofo xoreProrlHo-nPoarPoHarBeH ay6crPoT oT Tosx qeiHocr, xop(Donorrr io npeaHero M.

npeAnet, Hoflptrrep roKorlorr,rB, Moxe Ao 6t4e crxterpox B cl3HoHreto Ho xyr,oxHnKonpoexroHT coMo npr! Horlrqrrero Ho o6crpoKq

or Trno A

((cboTBeTcTsre to nPeAHolHo'{eHreTo>, (Texxrqecko crBrpUleHcrBo), (yao6crBo npn o6cnyxsoHe x ynpoBrleHrle), (ctoraercrBle, HO l,l3nc(soHl,lrro Ho ePToHoHutTo, ecTeavl(f,to r TexHrr(oro Ho 66onocHocr-ro)), o crlqo ToKo l,l np, Honrqrero Ho ctotBerHn o6crpakqliu or Txnq M ((xoAoBo qocD), <cunoso qocDr, (xlr-

HeioTxxo), (r(oxcTPyxqriD, ( oTePrGn[)

l,t

aPYrr). Koro onept,tpo

c enefieHlrre Ho qxctronoirgHOTO nore, nPOe(tOHThT lroxe AO nPeCTTAOAO pornl,lqHx qrnocrHl,r (3oBtpueHx) o6po3r, Koro

(onTgioneH LlBeToBl4 Kngilo.r Ho xo6rHoTq), ((otl+opr Ho po6oi{oto 3oHo 30 ynpoBnen{e, a Ap. Llrrlocilnre o6po!x, nonyqeln or eneueHTnre HO OkCI4OnOTTqHOTO none, HOiOf AO 6l'4(lT HO-

oKcronorr3!rx-o. oT aPyro cTPoHo, kofo onePxPo a erleHeHTrTe Ho op6onorxqHOiO none, Ar{riHeprT Moxe ao GrAdae B cBoero cr3HoHue pornrqHx Hop+onornrlln qtnocTH, o6PGr oT fl4no Ho (koinoHoBrqHo PeqeHh

cxeHo Ho elexTpl.rgecKa,t anoK), (cxeH, 30 Po3-

nonoxeHl,le Ho ctoPtxeH!a,tiJ B (06l.lH01o), (cnnoBo cxeHo Ho KopocepnrIo) r,t ap. npk ol]onrYrqHoTo PolnoroHe Ho PeonHxfe npeAxeTn HO eneieHfn, oT KorTo ce ctcTotT noneToTo

A u M, ce noctrro ronkoso BrcoKo creneH

o6crpoxrpoHe, qe Te3x o6crpokqxln HoroT Ao clu{ecTayBoT He3oBro4Mo eaHo oT apyro ((Tex-

cSqeayByao Hei'oBxca.llto o.l (((rHeroTlt(oro))), OXCtOrOrrritrre { rop+ororErrxte, no-

AOXd?O

cTPoerirl oT o6ctpoKqr{rle, ce oKolact KoHxPerHo aabproHt c enereiTfie {c eAHo{ eHHkTe r PoltorreHHlre noneTo, Mop(borlorfirxrt (xonnoHolKo Ho enextprqecx, gnoK)' e cBtplox

Koro yTslpxAosoHe Ho,lrqrero Ho Aao HoqlrHs HO ttoaentpoHe Ho BtEul{oTo p€(rnHocr, fite

yTBTP)i(AOBOIie

a TOBO CneLls+rqHoTo oco-

6exoc

xo npoeKToHTcxoro Hrcnefie,

HrBHO

Cneqr+rqHo c.rpoHo Ho AtroiHepcKoro

xorlo ce cEatolt B noclorHtio tpeoc l4cntHe Ho Bpl orre A-M (o(c|onorrr"iop$onorrr). OatitlcreHe e yctoBoBrBoHelo Ho csoero poao

iexay t1opoororllg. I OXCTO,IOTTiHITe Oaneki, Ho Bi3Hrt(go. ulrTe a at!HoHreTo Ho xyaoxHxKo-npoeKroHt yHrBePconHo cloTBerHocl

HITe

soPfrHlt oT peonHffi cBrT, OTryr croao rceH ,r cneqrosqHrrr

o6exr

nPoel(ToHraKoTo r.rrcneHe. ToBo e arcTeHo

oT oKaro. op+onorr'{H, oTHoueHrr, KorTo xyaoxfirKr"-nPoeKroHt otaenr or Herlqepnoeroro HHoroo5po3re or +oKTopll Ho peonHoTo npeA-

erHo AeicrarrenHo(r qpe! cEoeo6po!Ho

Ayxqx He(o ar

pe-

oocTpox,l9oHe,

npeAcrosuH npoekroltro E npoqec Ho llpxcTtnBoitt kr,tt po6olo, oneprpo c IBo BuAo npeAcroBr. []rpBo,

nPoexlrPoHeTo,

Toi

nPoeKYoHTlT Tprbso ,neHHo ny npe4cTog

cl,t

aoBo cEeil(o

KoKBo

ad nonyq, B petynTor

ro3r Po6oror T,e. Kol(rs npeAlier ule ce

norBr4

a xPo, Ho TaopqeaRoTo rry po6oto. Toeo e earo nocoxo Ho l'lltct lTo, eaHo npeActoBo, npeatp-

xotq a

nePcnexTrBo.

oT epyro

cTpoHo,

Toi

+ Exonozuqecxu (om 2pbq(omo <<eKone, dok, )Ku- cpedofio nuqel Eeqo, Koemo uia amHoweHue kI.|, HO UtaeaneH oDloHutbta, ,aueeeq ,o cfiemKo Ho

motu cpedo).

,HTaPCCy!O C t(Oraao I'lO PO6O'O, I(OKIO i' e I COtlOlO HqrOrlO 7o!o a APyrO nPte. caom, oxKcrpoulo (aToryxloD Hq npeAHGr-

AoACtO

a (orto ule 4elarlyao. H nrproro, r rroporo npeacolo ro npeanaro HO nPoarroHfcKoro raoPqedlo ,llor TIIPAC ronri o6x!oi.3o4 reprixo tnpcAncr xo tropqec?tolo) xypoxHsKrt.npoeKroxi ioxe ao noAHord crryor.lrt,

po!5rpo 6yxlorHo Bcx{xo, rr}r xoero Ga o6prulo? ato5PoxeHraTo tly l,t ihcL,rTo ny no lpetlc Fo

x!flrnHai{e Ho to,qoqqro. H Toao. xoero noctrfHe HoxPor, l/l aoBs, a Soeto e lonogHon ol

coioto Hoqdno-co npeaHeTI Hq lloPqeciroio; te ! aaHor(Bo clen€H ce o5xioulot or oBonr,rPduloto l. cxHTat,Poutoto cLtHotilte to nPoekToHTo.

3. O6cxr Ho npocr.'tponc .. xoqrr.x ro

nPao6poty.oHlro ry

Or rneAxo roqao Eo npoertrpolero nexay toqonrrte x KDoiHllto npcAneax Ho npoeE TOHiCIIOTO taopqcctao, iet(ay ltxoAlto?o cllTroqrt ll pcty,ltqtq tlno lla coHo rprHtlllrHo Polrxxqr Ho x HecLlrHaEo apotrtopa'{tia. Bctfio Holo

aanua r'nrl npeaHar ce cbraolo

eArHcBcHO C qq,l AO yHXUIO,(X nprtHOtl[TC

naraoanc oPrranHoTo cxryoqtr, ao npeioxHc crf|lond, xolro 6e!noxo, o6qecrloro. C Ap'lrt, ayHri, qtnyo Ho x).aoxcclle8oro npocrrxpoHc

ce clcioll r (aetoprpoHeE Ho cHryqqaarto* c noioulTo tlo oco6ex, icloa, x aPaactao H(l nPocrroHTcr(olo noictoPclao. aefic'lrlierFo nPGAlrerLT, cttAOIe[ ! Pelyn'foY Hd nPoexrrpo' Heto, ae otnr{oBo KoqcctaeHo ol npeaiclo, npcaroxeH 1lo npoertoHtq ! flo{onoro30 xyapxedrcHoro nPocfittPqHc roqonttrir eron dl poSoaqTo arHoll e calPtoH c oHorll,lro 8O lttxolfio?q crryorlrt, no noloa Ho Rotto a crcroleHo aoaoqoto tq nPoeffrPoBe. xyaox' Hrlatt-nPolrrorF ce onrtlo ao t nPcnrcrlx, xoro r (np.aaaa, to crof, errl(, a a?1., af' llr,t ace&t nl1 Toi cott cr nocrPotlq (rlAaotl' -

Mif,Ka do cc npdnonorku, q. dlnomo -(dctllnD onan. ctux aa Ynomq?6,taa (du!orH), (ormo "ec icccmri cmorqnur'. u,aoro a oaqoaomo au ud"mo Jd oaurarooraa Ho ni,o6ncn om mo:t! Dal. KODaHbm Ho'Oy,,omo ulac ;m nomwtaromo (tltnufi)t ((ua_ Honl, o nDaaiut<cc <dD orxo'loao (omamqdBtaouaD' 8

Hrr o6axt flo npoaKTllpoHrror.

Hoaenti xo llxoAxoro crrroqrar c otpruo.

TercH crrllon, xoho rpoel(loHftr noctporlo ! aoioto Hoqolor o aneA tolo ,tnontyto Koao o6ekr to npocr(Trpoxa, Hrc ula 0601lt0,lrr,r clc

txoxo Hq lKnp'{loHclo A $.qpTo (o) m

A-e

oxcronolr,ttoto no,l! (coqrqnio.qeti.

HOCiHOTO

rlIO{rr{OCt HO CrTyOqrtTO),

Fo llorepro,lHo. - c iopoonorr.Mir npocrpoHcrBeHoro arpyr(fypo Ho npegxctrre), n-e olPrqdTCrHxrt n-Hepat cxrHon, koiio

(o6po!!.r

PCOnHOiO nPeAreTHO

Koro qrno

torr

CrTyOttlt rrnpoulo.

crt{aon nocoyBo, qe e nocrpo€li cnaqxoretrrrr o66xT Ho x).AoxlcTleHoro npoertrPoHe, cLarPxoul lc{qkxTa r{GAocToitqx lrB

tlytKllr,roxnponero Honpriep Ho,oronorrao: Haypo6crBo nPt ,nPoMeHre, oloxHoct np, oSajtrxBoHero, HcoorBeTctg,a cnprxo ecre-

rrqec(tta rlrcxaoHrr x r.H. Aeicylitan rrr (rloKolroTrlD, Hcfoaoto iotePhon o-nPocrPoicileHo (o ctpyKr.lx, npxcDctaylo ! o6eKro KOTo (rloP0ororltlr.r)r , Koilo tpr5lo eo 6!ae nPoieHeH, lo ao ca oTatpoHta oaplqotanSlrT crarton, T.a. n+0. - Ho OSqxrr anA npoqaco Ho npoeKrhporaio r,oxa ao 6!Aa xro6pot€H Gxeiorr'rHo. Prcyxxoro noxorro, fior( c flo;ol{To Ho npoex. TOHTCSOtO XOetO a|.,r|oqlq I Cq[e'aOP'{eCT!O, ca ratrlpurao rt[cPOIO XO nPoerlrlpogCto,

Halra xo

npeA c.rHoto cl.r

oulr. Ot t!o-

irdAPoTqar !t!5yxAor4o raxplteHl.l]e !inr{x, yajlo6xo r!o6Po!rBoHa 8o ntlptoHo{onHofq nPea-

xorHo c,]yoq,r Sr. Trx xloApotqeto npeA. cfolrrlo ,,o6poxcHlilto Ho llop&rorrlrfo m1 Hq HqnxqHrTe Beqlt ! Aoae8cto crtyoulr, o tr,ltrre, npeArrBxt(oHrie or nopoonotxrto o[atonolrqHx eoeKtx Ar, hx(prerlorrttq to al,lHxTe noxorloI aaocToTDqITe no lpeie Ho {ytrur,roxnpoxero t,to leulrta t cxyyottrtto St, AHonorrqfioto x,o6poxefirc otlrcHo npeA€tolnrao tllPorreHotq, i|tnpoleHo arrloqxr sr, aMroqlqulo Holotq llopt|tororxt m,ll Hoitte - c* crpenrc Aa. flony oKcllonorl,lqsr eilorrtl a no(qtoHo xoK ce llaexgo ioloto lclll I crT).qqxt. B

qexrlpo

pxcFroro

c+eporo Ho npolrrxPo.

Hetor flonoiHtulo nPoerro; ,odrkonruloTo t por{ko np€acroB,lilo no-oSurrPHoio coePo ro tioPqectlotor Bl(.Iltoqtoulo rPoeKrrPottato

B cQePoro

rBoP'{ecrBoro ce IDoPMllPo o6eKrtr

cQepo duJoi\epcrozo mSoP\Ptmqo

NDOEKTT DOHETO

_ A. KOiTO CIEA (o) m n

npeo6por).Bo

6 APyr o6exr A. (91

TOBO

Cqepo tqdotrecnEenaoeo

fllPlrtr or rtx

nutmpyuponown

l* iiii.

u{e HoPrqoHe (nPoTofexToHrl(or, o BioPlitr<(oPxl{TeffioHrKo>. nPeAcrosKnTe (nPotoD l'l ((oPxll}) ce {3non3yloT ryK 6 reHeTlqeaKrt Il, cxxcln x oTPOrtBoT r'loHeSlo HO PoilBxT'eTO 80 aOr{gr o6aKr Ho nPoe(lxPOHerO (TefiOHr'l' xofo) no nrHrrTo Ho HeToBoTo x3arlroHe oT HrcuJero, 3ogortgHo ocTotHse ((nPoTor) [!il

\,.+

Blrcurero arcol(o oProHrlrPo|o cbcrotHle

((opxrD).

B c$eporo Ho npoeKTrtPoBero o6eKrET nPertP' nrBo peahqo noareaoaoTen8, nPoeoPo:toaoHut, KOTO

nPreHO AIAO HO Brn]OqBoHllrror noKoloHll

B PrCyrKOro:

&. (!)

& n

Torll srA Ho BKnEqBoHrrro e nporxsonoroxeH HO B,AO, a XOiTO O6e(.rrl fiO nPoekrrPoHero ce e HontPor B c+ePoro Ho TsrPqecTsoTo (RoTo

nporo- l.l opxrrexroHlKx). K@oHoro ce o6rc-

Spwt

H,BO C AOAO, qe A CoePOTO HO nPOeKTTPOHefO x).aoxHrKLr-nPoeKToHT cblaoBo lroPoonorrqHo

none, KlH Koero 6, ce o[oror

nPhcfloco6eH

oProHl/l3rlrl Ho coq{dnHo-qeHHoaTHrre nPeacroB, Ho o6qearBoro. 3oroBq s coepoio Ho nPOeKTXPOHeTO Ol<Cl,lO,lOr}llitT

BXnrcqBO

doPoonorrqHoTo none , TqH i,onoqBo cBot ycnoseH HoaeneH x[BoT. ToBo oKTtiBHo cluleclByBOHe HO nrpBOHOqOnHO AlBeAeHre B noneto M

oxcHonorrlttrt npoarnxoBo B coePoro

nPoerTtpoHelo ao ioleHTo, B KoiTo x3qet6o or6enr3oHrrr oqe B c9eporo Ho iBoPqecrBoro

epeH HerorrBeH curHon. g qotrtPo Bo c+ePsTo Hd xya. npoeKTnpoHe (srx Pxc.) or ereeHTiye Ho noneroro A s M ce o6potyBor qr-

,'tocTH,

oProHr3ir: oKcttololllllluTe o n lop{o-

norr3HrTe m (xprctveroro).

ClqHocrro Ho ro3, cxeiotryHo ,!o6pGeH nPoqec Ho nPoeKTrPoHelo ioxe ao ce rlPotll B nPeo6Po,).Bol

{rro:

(npororeKToxl,tKo) (Hee+effxBHo

He(DyH(qlroHonHo npea|'erHo cpepo)

A+A

(opxxrefioHgkoD (1) (e0eKrrBno

M-M{yxxqroxonro

(2)

nPeaierBo aPeao) 9

npeo6poa)rloHrero (1), xoero ce orHocr Krrt

nPoertoHrcKo'to rBop'{ectBot GoTBeTctEysd Ho npoqeco, xoiro rpeSeo Ao ce peonralipd B peorHoro npe4ierHo Aef,ctsxtenHocr: BrAox reH, ce r3xoAHoyo npealleTHo arT)roqrt, (Brr|l{Te> , ce xtPoBHrBon <l HeroTrBHriT at THor oTnoaq.

Torr rloxr Ho (Ae(oalrpoHg) Ho crryoqnrro (n+0) e lq+rfiaxpoH B TpoHcoopHoqrrro Hq

o6eKTo or eAHo or HeroBrte ioAenHoctli (npoTo. terroHrxo) B Apyro (opxrreKToHrKo). f]px ToBo a!Px). rroPoonorrrro No o6e(Tq ce o6por).Bo HoBo oAeKBorHo Oop s (0+O). Hoaononyrexoro Qopxo Ho nieAHero ryk ce oxorao cneacTBxe oT opxltTekToltrxoto. ToFo

HOnPrlleP HO,(e AO Ce XO,(e, qe CTOprrrT, nOUO +yHxr.lroHxpou.l noxorroitiB e rHon irop+oflorm

(m), xo xe e nprrexoBor oae(EoiHo Sopror, Hoerrr noxoxoua (ri) ctqo npr,rrexoao irop$ororrt, t!fi Koro,l Toi e rroreplonHo"npocrpoH. claeHo nDeo6DolyBoHxe. HoBxrT roxoirorr! o5o'{e nprrexqBo r l}op o, SnoroAopeHre tloKoito HeaoBoro +yHKltxoHhpoHe e 6e3 Heaocro

TAqr-T.e.

npr'r.exoso oaexBorHo +opxo. ToBo ctoTHoueHte l,|oxe ao 6!ae 3onrcqHo arB Blra:

m: f A

konrqo cpeao. To nPoqec nPorrqo HenoaPeacrBeHo B a+ePqTo Ho nPoe*TrPoreTo. Toi e x3po!e8 E rpeo6porysor{xero (2). nPoqectrce xopol(aePmrPo cBc cneaHoro BraorlSlleHeHxe Hq

M. fiop(bonorx'{Horo none: M ToBo e HeroioprFoso, xorio ce Oxkcrpo He

or(crororrr ll (uoxxocrxrr) $rl(,o

[306POrrTerHrr koa2.

Ako a ripooo (3) oaexaorxoro +oPHo 6eure cneAcTBIe Ho oPxxle(aoHxr{ofo, ryr 0 caot

nDeBlpHoT Bra t, cToBo oyHxqHoHorlHocT Ho r'ropoonorhqHoTo nore l'Il, nprqsHo 30 noTPe6rTerH[, erFeKT, or Koiio toBrrcx npeioxBOHe'rO HO He)l(eroTenHffi cxrHon n npe3 gpeie Ho cEqecrByBoHero Ho oKarororu3ro q. ToBo

ctofHou|eH,te Hoxe

ao 6tle HonrcoHo

AAeKBorHoro Qopro tD (xonprxep Ho noKonotrso) ce TPeTxPo ay( (olo 3HoyeHre Ho 3CrBrcsr.roro npoHeBil,lao (Mop(Donorr3tM m), rorro

ty{

r4xo Bra Ho rioTeMoTlqecKo +/Hkqxr, ,rrrTo HeloBrcllllo g(taT e oKcl4onoTnqS0To role A c nPorreHnnBo lHoqeHre n - ePHr.r, HeroTxBeH

crrHo,l.

Moxe ao ce Roxe, qe noponenHo c npoqecd Ho aoqlonHo-qeHHocTHoro nPesPruldfi e Ho nPoToTexToHltKoTo B oPxrTeKToHrKo B ctrHoHIeTo Ho xyaoxHxt(o-nPoekToHT npotrgo npoqec Ho r!BhHqeHHocrHo npeo6po3yBoHe Ho +yHKqsoHqnHo-Hop(FonorxqHrae cBorcrBo, l(orro co nprcrulu Ho I,!oiepnorrHo-npocrpoHcrBeBoro 3006r-

r/&\r

OyHkq{oHorHocrro Ho r,lop+onorrrro ,nt Ho. Bxrr norpe6rtencK, e+eKT O B To3, x3ps3 orPO3iBO 3ltoqeHreIo HO He3OBTCTiIOTO np) eH-

nxBo m

(Ho irop!$onorrqHoro nore),

AoKoro

6 noneIo oKclionorrlttl <(o) npeacToBnrao oTehoTIqecKo +yHKq,ri c npoieH,tltBo lHoqeHue Ho n-HepHL Herot[aeB crfHon.

flo4o6xo rrrepnperoqra Hs xoao Hq POHeTO

npoeKTn-

nO3AOnrBO AO OTI(Pret. l'eTOAl{qec(ITe

c noMollTo flq KoxTo xyaoxHr(ranPoexfoHr 63aoBor oT eaHo cTpolro, HoBo opxrxHonHo +op'ro Ho npeAxero, o ot ApyroHoB, notpe6l{TencKs csoictso Hq ro3, npeAHea, l(oro qpe3 cBoiIo AeiHocr npeo6p@yro npeAcPeacTBo,

l.leTHm carT.

Kororo po6orr HoA cneqx(bliqHtr, o6exr

C l.leToao Ho BMloqBoHrrTo Alllor. lioxe aq BBnpoulBexao B caoeTo cbrHc-

po6oTo.

HeD!T

+yHKrll,,oHorlHo-oxcxonorrqHrTe

cBoicrBo Ho AeicrBrrerlHocrro, npxclull4

noao,|e9omo mpemupore Ho liopfiomo e nony' qe{o om oemoDo cnel abse)Klo{emo Ho ORCUO' Mop*onozuquume om,/,owe{u, Komo cnequ$utt{u

muq]o,

rBno;,yao

u eame' u dyxooro-o eduHcmeo).

3(r

xraoTo Ho xoPolo a nPea eTHn, cBrt-

30 O'ekmd Bo npoa(mofincKomo fiuanexe, Hoeo' nonyleHomo 6o,id e 3{aqeiuemo Ha noF6ono' zutma Ho nped emo, u3p@e o c fiepfiuqufie Ho oSt4ecfiaeuomo qewocm (ymunumoqgo

nPoe(T{PqHeTo, xyaoxHt{KtT-npoeKroHr x?BtpulBd Hoi-pornhqHr Br(,lloqBoH,, A (o) n M (m) Ho ene,leHarte. ToBo e ocHoBeH i4eToe B HeioBdTo

Hre He coio

BtB

Bl,lA:

ak,ltoqBoHr4Te

onepuon$o

o6PoaHxt,

H. )KuHKuH. O Koloebu ne|exodox eo eHymPeH' Hel pequ. <Bon|ocbt ,sbtkos,lrttut>, 1954, N96.

Aemo,bn fiaopdu,9e m.

Hop.

<npel

npot/"co ,to fiucne$2mo ce etuHo-fio6porume,leH (odr.

EPTOHOM14'

APXYITEKTYPA

YAR ,2-506:zl

B toqonoro eproxorrryo 6etue 6ronorlqecxo

Hoy(o, nprnoxeHo Khll npo6neirre ro po6oTeu{rr r'roBek. AHec nprHr.lrnxre Ho eproHoflr rro I TrxHoro npenoxeHre ioaot ao ae orKprrt s Hoi-polHoo6polHy o6nocar. T, Bce noae'{a iKiroqBo ! ce6e ctr Bcr,rx, tfyxxqr,rr xo

qoBeuJ(oTo o6utectEo B qoclHocT r$yxxUnrre l{ PeO(LlXrTe HO qo6ekO BlN OT HeTOBOAO ,(Intule

rl BrrPe B Bero. BtB sprlKo c Toao Heko oT-

6enexrr, qe Hrxo, npoyvaoxrart r(oro tonpxliep nPoyqBoHraTo Ho rPyao Ho aoHdKrHttq I (yxHtyo, co lllBrpuJeHx oqe npeAx Ao 6bAe x!. aecreH TePxrNrT (eProHo ttD. Or oxono {errprAecer roarx, r opxrrerrypo?o e loiecrHo laHo Hoco(o, HopeqeHo (rbyxK-

r{roHorl6riD. To,l,l opxxlefiypo ce cTpeir npeAr gck',rKo Ao cblAoAe arpoAo, nplcnoco6eHo

Krrl Hcihrrb $yxxurr,r. Ecernvecxoro rbopxo tpr6ao, a poE(x.'e to at aoxioro, Ao x:rporrBo oyHKtllkre Ho eAHo noieuleBret Ho larrH rin,l

BxoA

eAHocrpoAq koro qrno. OacoHo ce6e cx cc

por6(po, 9e noAo6Ho orHolllaHxe tpr6Bd Ao 6loronpnercrayro to npxnoxeHxero Ho eproHol.lrqHt|Te npxsqrnrl B opxlTerrTPotor rqoi

xofo

eProHol, trto e Hoyr(o, KoiTo oHon,3xPo Oyfikulixte Ho qolexo. no rotll Ho,{xt, uloM I BopSoro Ho opxxreKTo

,cxo ao oTaolqPt o httct(loHrrfo Ho eProHorrrtto, aHec ce Hororo rooPArHllPole

BMTOqBOHI' Or

rrno

rlo

A m ((ot(To B cnyqot nP,

ioaerHPoHe Ho ,3xoar{oTo

PelynTornBBoTo

cxryqqrr), no toi Hoxe clulo roKo ao (cxBoulo))

OyH(qsoHorrHo-xopooflorr.rh&ie cBorarBo Ho

cruloro To3r PeonHo aeicTar4TerHoct, nPrchu-ln 30 )(t6010 HO nPeAnerl/lte A qOaeLi.rKLt aBra-sxn}oqBoxrr oT Txno Mo (Kokro B co-

lloro c0epo Crpyso

HO BTnPOCO

TrpoHeTo

Ho xyAoxecrBeHoro nPoeKTrPoHe). ce, qe no-lrororLuJ8oro rrrcBraoHe rO Gneqr+XXOTO HO o6el(fd HO npoeK-

x 3(l xopoKrePo Ho

nPoqe4yPrTe,

r(orTo ule no3aonrT Ho xyaoxHrKd-nPoextoHr ao ocrutectB, nPexoao oT HeyaoBrleTBoPrrenHoTo

ycxnxrro iexay opxrrcKryPo?o ll

eProHo-

r,triTo.

HeKo B3etlel, !o nprnep AeiHocrto Ho aor.ro|(rHtTorl ao aratill c koxlo eProHor,rxrto |ioxe ao aonPxHece ,o rpyao Ho oPxliierrd-

Orrypo 1 npeAcroMrBo lperero r eHeprrtro HO AOtaOXrHrlO, allpOirxoaloHl,i 30 7 roxH, aelHocm B Aoio (no Kpofr, llJHoiAepxboH ti BrnAeioH, 1956 r.). npeAt oKoro AaoAecst

roaxt, eHeprefltqHrrt

POaXOA HO AOnOXIHTTO allnrlOue HC 2600 AO 3000 xrnoxoropnn Ho 2,1 qoao, OrrordBs HocoH

BlaexaoHero Ho tlourrSrla Hol.on, PotxoAo l{o

e|ePrrr x seqe rle ioxex Ao Mocx(hrqrPoie nPorhecxrTo (o Aolroxrrirlo s l(oleroPrtTo aex*sr (ixlrqecK, TpyA.

HeoraoBHo C"ESnep (1970

cbpAeq8old aerHocr no

rlo

r.) loperxcrpxpo

lPeie

Ho aolroKxHcxrt aol.nloqri, qa norly{aHrne poHl{li nPll aHouHoto aollol(r, rt cc HolllfPot a nPoitH-

lpIA x ioxo Io

nt!I

rPoHxqr.

Cero lloxeri Aq .e toHllr{oeH c Aplrx rptr +oxroPq, xoPoKrePraxPoul, YexKri TPIA llo AonoKllHilo, 'L MHoro6poifirte erex6Hrlr Ho crotl,lqrirr lt).c-

rqr6H TPye, xoiTo nPtqxHrBo yaeqoH&, ao 6orat[elo yxopo. Ho Oxrypo 2 cc npe4croeexn

fir(or aPriepx. 2. npoArrxfierHocr Ho po6orHoro Bpefie npet HOqOnEq CXryOqXi

XPOiHO

nO-CDBtPlreHO'

qe B no:lBorlr ao ce noralPA, xrnolgtoro, cofir{, npoqec Ho xyaoxectaeHofo rPoexrrPose GO (SrPOAeHr) aartrkxTe Heo6xoaxl.l, Heaoar' qe

qearrl

o 30 nPolHo:rxPsHe Ho Petynqrc,lo rl (P{lePrrlle 3o o6ocHoDo-

cPeacrBdr

TOiO, B TOBO

BOHe HO TCTTHOCYIO HO

flPreHOHrfe nPoexfol{lcxll

A roxe Ao c€ tBLpAl,l cE140 9e Bla_ Aeicrsxero qpe! re], ieioArl 8!Pxy xoAq No nPoe(rrPoseTo e Hoi-nroaolBopLxtf ntl 30 ynPoBntsoHe KoqecTBoro Bo cblaoloHeTe tl3' peureHl.lr.

TPAHXAH

ne..oa or .n. (Erronomi

ANtntt

6e.

311970 r.

Ex.pr,r, rno/r.,H np.ivrqH. lla AoFq Onpq.rH. H6 r6rrcrd t!,.H6, rn.r.He, spne{6

2-3

150 20

3_a

t20

0,5-t

60 150 70

PoAxrqHe Bo krxHrro

2--,1 3---,t

To6nrqo do .p.i. or aoia*{frrr .o .ca.i on.pqqr, (no Kporr, UlHolAcpxroB, 8rnA.iots,

30 Ao ae yrecHrr cro?xr,lHrTe iiyckyrfill Aei8ocrx

TproBo npeAl,l acrqKo Ao ce xr6rrBo BctKo HoBe_ AeHO noDo,(e'ile Hq Trnoto, c orae4 xo roao oPxxTexD/poto rpr6oo 4o npeaBsxao IHcroIo. qrtt Ho roxsBo Bl,icortrHo, qe po6orHolo 3oHo Ao ooelne'{oBo ecrecTBeHo nolo lto rrroro,6e! BoBexaoHe Ho Tpyno. I AoBo BrcoqrHrre Ho po6ofnqro loHo g KyxfirTo. Tet, Be,lllgrH, co onpeaeneHrt eKcneprreHTonHo oT yLpA r Kxpx (1968 r.), xorro co xlcneABonr 56 xefir, ql,lrTo ,3repeHr, Hq rr,lolo co DrnI xopoxT€pHll to oHrnrict(rTe xeHli

To6nrqo

ft1

Ar..Gi pdtroA Ro .f,.prr

3. Ktr nporlecr,roxonHrre ,oHrnoHka ce nprooBr ,oarnxe8rero ao ae,3B!put, aonot(xHcxl{ TPYA.

s-2

1-J

aeHoHolqreTo.

3o Ao ce ynecH, (fx eHGKrrr rpyA, e HeoSxoaxtro ocBeH roBo opxtteKTla AO A.hp)l(l,l Ciet|(o 3d +yHK. qlo8onBrla nPocTPoHcrBq to aorrot(xHiro. no forl noBoa HeKo oT6enexrH, qe poaxycf Ho x6cqoHe BrE geprrkoneH nncH e 55 c}l, (qro ce

d llpeAno,{rtoE, Errcoqrtlr

Krpr, i968 r.)

llonorl<eHre

,956 r.)

rPla8e ot PoioTo. oxaypo 3 noxo3Bd Irt(>,ll(o ao-

CT!nHI Brao\trHlt tO xeHo, BllaO(O 16! cl.l. Apyrx eprolot.tx,txx xgcneABoHlt co ce 3oHrnq6Onrl C

Ho.q po5. ,oHq

hanposeHo

B roloto, 6er

pq6ornolo aoHo Bncoqr,rxo or nogo (cr)

HO CrnO

a,lfiresJe

xyxxGxcrarr rpyA (Y!pA

+11,9

9'l

+8,8 +12,2

al,t,lo

87,s

CeAHoro

Ho po5orxoro roxo

CeAHono

B :oxoto 6el

+1,2

nptnoroH6 64 Bo

61,5

PqSrrxq nexAy BrcoqrHoro rolrers x po6orHqro aorq (cn)

B rosoto c npltnordHe Ho

npxnoroHe

llo clt'lo B 3otoro c np{noroHe

xeHrero ho rxcronoqrr.le. EproHottxrlo npeno-

14tnpooeHo

CeaBono

aoxq(llfirto

TBIPAe iSOrO OT nrOHO HO XyXHTTO ll O.l pOlnOnO.

3oHo

14rnposeHo

lt,ltrHoBoHr! oT

cyioro Ho tSlll,tHoTllte ntTIUlo ae

l'Iono,|(eHneicpoBHeHxG

c po6orHoro

nrrlqolc,

qiloao xnrrqe ll no-cneqronHo a KyxHr.ro. Crb6rep x Aen.r (967 r.) co ycroxoBrnr,

-2,8 -0,15

tao

oPxITeKTlTe ao Po3nororoT or ArcHo Ho lr{BKoTo roTBop- Po6otHoio lloco c(oro n€gxo nrlout- 3(l nocToAontnHrTerHoTo PtqBo

nrBo:

BrHe HO reHAxepr, craoBe',/. ap\lty ).pear. BTopo po6orHo Moco, KoKTo l,l 6ro(fe] rr, urKoolT I xno.

arnHrxrT, ioroT ao ce po3noroTor 6e3 oco6eHr Heyao6cTsq Ho flPor'rBonorroxHoTo cTpoHo

flpoyvaoxeto Blpxy noBea€xnelo xe cot.lo Ho AoOKl,tHtTO, l{O

HO qrnOTO C€lleiClBO, CO AOCTO-

Blnl, TatPAe nonerHt cBeaeHut t{o opxl4Te(ylle, ToKo Honprrep B Hrkonko cipoHl,r e ycroHoBelol qe ceHelclBoTo nPotBrBol 6ce noBeqe TeHAeHr.lffi ao ce xpoHrr B r(yxHrro, Moiep-Enepc (1958 r.) e ycroHoBrn B!3 ocHoBq Ho eaHo oHKero, o6xBoutoqo 235 onopToieHro s Sepnrx, qe l3non3yBonelo Ho pornrqHxre noieuleHlr HnKoK He otTo. soPr Ho o6qrre HeHr, flo ro3x Blnpoc. To(o Honpr ep rnoBHoTo nolreqeHxe (AHeBHoyo cror), (oero cryxn 30 o6ulrre AeiHocrl.r Ho cetleicrsolot

ae l'3non3yBq no'tTl,t coio aeqePTo, <Doxropure ao o6croxoB(oro, 3006llxonr qo xrnr. uleTo 3oarroT KoKlo eProHolllrtTo,aoko u oPxrTe(. TyPoTo.He(o Llryxporie Bonpxliep cerouJHoro TeH. aeHqrr Ho oPxl4tekTyPoTo Ao yBerNqoBo nPo3oP. qrTe: ot ToBo cneaBo no.ao6Po ecTccTBeHo ocse-

TneHre, Ho cSqeBPe eHHo, no-arcoKI Teine. POlypl.r Ho Brlayxo, ulor cnlHgeBrle n!'{r, nPo. Hrr(BoT npe3 npoaopqx! HesloptxeHu c oaeKBqTHrl Jour-rrHx cpeACTao. EAHo oHKe.rq (fpoHxoH, 1969 r.), npoBexAoHo Btpxy 318 yvpex4exran r o6;.30urorqo I I 91 (lHxerrpoHu ql,lHoBHnqr, y(ToHosx noPo3xfenHo BlorHooTHouJeHue tlexAy ocT'bKne.

Horo npoarpoHcrBo r 6po, Ho onnokBoHrrro or ropeqr8oro. B noMeqeHrrrro, rrrro npo3opq, 3oeHoxo flo-xonKo or 30% or BrHuJHoro areHor 5,8% or xopoao ce onroxBoxo ot ropeqrHoro; B-noxeuteHfirTo c ocTlKnrBoHe nexay 30 u 8o/", 59,7o/o or cnyxurenure ce onno(Boxo or ropeu.lxHoTo. Toso noxo3ao ao t(ot(Bd cTeneH opxtyek. TyPoTo noxe ao Enrre arpxy cbcrorHreto Ho

Or Apyro crpoxo, qoaexrr

qeHra cnrHqero t,t

nP9nrcao nonoxrTenHo BrrrHue Brpxy 3ppoBeTo. bopre XHnxeH .1970 t.l co rsHepxnl{ cren€Hyo

'l No orprsoHe or cnrriqe.ro Ho 335 onoproHeHr(l I co Po3flUfory xlBeeu.lrre B .lrx 3o arxHoTo HHeHxe no Toln Btnpoc. To6nnqo 2 oTpo3rBo gocr oy nonyqeHnfe Pe!ynToTl,t. flpyr $oxrop, {oiro Bnrre sbpxy oxonBoro cpeAcl HO qOBeKO B HeTOBOiO )(tnl,lule, Ce oTHoc, ao Lriyro,Toi npo8rKBo B qocy8oao c(bepo Ho rose(o,

HG6r.ronprfii no.r (.rr.o), ..rcx!orq, rdrpyaHr.orq .ro. r,{.{ iy.ryr.f rpya , npo. (.arcxo), ,.,Gri. .orq, no.trer'lo (r.r||qat t3

To6rxqo Cy6exrnaxn oqexxr 30 cteneHro crenex (332 All'j,t - lO0 %)

orPrtoEe or cnLHqero B aoBrcllioct or rltrcpeHoto

CtanGfi Ho orpraoHe,

ritiapcHo Ho , t€.p. (qocoBc)

Aocrrirx !xcoc,s, !o x.Eq. .x.oxo 1a3 ci.

l.i" I

Cy6errn;Hr. gqqHl(, ito,lxo (%t

cPeaHo

(%)

itaoro (%',

no-'lonl(o or 2

noBe{e oT 2

{tI

ad-r

,t' n'

cftyutoBo c!H, l/l noqrBxolo Hy n npear3sxt(Bo yceulodr, 30 HeyAoBoncrare. 3ouluroro xo voeexo nporrB UJyr,to, xaBout oy crceaHll1e onopIoEeHt, ,trt orBbx, e eAHo or Hoi-BoxHrye loAoqr{ Ho oPxrfexTo. npriepxre, qrrrpot{x B ro3rl po6o.ro, noKoiBot,

qe €proHorlrro po3nonoro a HH0106poiHt,t aoHHr, nprnoxrMl B cpxureKTypoTo. ToBo,

e o6utrrT elxK xexay eproHoopxraeKQ/poTO, tOBs e iexAyalctl11nnrHHoTO Bpt3(O, XO,TO AO flO3Bonl,l BXntOqBosero Ho Hoyqsrre AoHHX B npOekTOHTCXgi rpya xoeTo rrncao,

frrrTo,

BABBIER, A,, et cilgen, A., 1970, Travoit en voie de publicotion. GRANDJEAN, E., 196r, Fenster und Raumk[mo. Schweiz. Bouseitudg, 87, 1-7. KRAUT, H.., SCHNEIDERHOHN, R,, und wIIDE. MANN, L., 1956. Die Arbeits belasrunt der

Housfrou. lnternat, 2., ang. Phyilol. einrchl. 1 6, 77 5-302,

Arbeitsphysiol.,

MEYER.EHLERS,

c., 1968,Wohnunq und

lie (Sturrgard, Deutrche Vertagsanstilt). STUBLER, E., 1970. lst

dir k6rpe.tichd

Famt-

Betasrunt

fiir die Beurteilunr hauswit tschartlicher Arbeit I Dar Reich der-Lamdfrau: Mltteilurgen dcr Deutschen Land$.irtschaflstesellschatt (Frankfurt em Maln) Hefr I und 2. noch ein Mass

STUBLER, E., und DEtsT, H., 1967. Anregun. gen zur Arbeitsgeitoltung in der Hauswirtsihaft (Berlin, K6ln, Frankfurt a, t,l.: Beurh.Vort.ieb, REFA-Foschausschuss Hauswirrrahaft), WARD, J.S., und K|RK, N. S., 1968. The retotion between some anthropometrlc dimensions and preferred working su;face heifhts in the kit<hen. Ergonomics, 11, 4,10.

npoEKThPAHE yar(

14HAl4KATOPH14 yCTPOfiCTBA

681.2.085

neKq|, ot cneqrox'rifi npoyrsoHni KLM neroaonotttr1.o Ho npoex.rxpoHero Ho yHptt(o1oP-

YuoA

Po!Bllrxero Hq npla60pocrpoeHero HOPOCTBOHe HO CnO,(HOafYO HO

o6qoro

CrcTellrTe

Ol(OnO

Broporo cseroBio soiHo crx yn{poxo

poHHOTO nPoyrrBOHe HO nPOeXrrPOHeTo XO XHAn(oToPHXte ycTPoicTso, KoeTo 6eSctrHeHo e Ho

Brcoxo poBrir,rule. Honprnep aoKnoarae

u Axorc (1961 r.), Tpeatp (949 r.\ h Soprner x MoKyrpr (1950) npeacoBnrBor sce

<Drrc

oule rHlePec u noeor raxtboProqrr. o.reBraHoTo

3HOqeHge Hd aeSx pol{l{tt t3cneaBoHrt nPeacfos-

nrBo $offiop 3(r rpoxoaHoro po3Bfitre Ho npoyqsoHero Ho xHAukoaopllrre ycrpoictso npe! 50-re ToAnxn. He e sh:ioxxo Ao ce AoAe xporxo pe3ro e eo rorr po6oro, Ho o6qo onricoHhe HolrxPore s Po6orrre Ho MoKKop,lfiK (1964), MlopM (1965). CneurQnvtrr npenoprK, aoso MoproH h Ap. (1963). npenoptKr,ire B rorx n aPyrfi o6noc Ho qoBeu:(rre QokroPx ce crPeMrr ao 6tAor cnoxxo cxec ot 34PoE Pory t

aosHr o1 no6oPotoPHo e(cnePsneHrrPoBe I errc,iepaxetr.rr B Toirt o6nocr. ErcneprrexronHI.re AoHHl,t He co Hoi-aocIoBePHo ocHoao. Ao Bleietl Hoi-nouJr,t, anyqoi, (oiro He e rr-

xollTo floql4Bor Ho no-+oNTrTeiHo norPeulHx aoxH{ nPx cKoPoc no6opotopHtr onrrx, nPosexaoHr a nPoAln_ xeHre Ho nonoBrB 'toc, kolo ae l,nofilyBoT noAxoAtulr t 6\/pBr,t to HenoArolleH, linoaexrl, He ioror necso ao ce eKcnePrieH poT Kbn aotHn 30 lrlxe Ho cpeaHo sr3Pocr c roni,r onrr , orroBop8ocr, (orro pq6orir xo 12-qocoso HOulHc o,1rHo. qonoHrc (196'l) e onrcon HiKol{ oT rpypHod'rre nP,l cTorlAoPTHrIe ercneprieHfonHtl raoqrHa,r x oco6eHo np, nPo6nefio 3(r ycTor{oarBoHe BsrraHoarto Ho r(PrTePr!x, 6aPxy XOliTO AO Ce OCHOBOBOT l,lr ePBOHrcTO HO Aei' HOaTTO. APyrX TP/A8OCTh B!3HII|(BOT OT OTHOc|tenHo nPe(oneHoIo crcPeaoToqocoHe 8o nPoknEqnTereH srPxsoaTHo

yqBoHeto

slpxy

rH+oplror,tl.tr, npeacroBrHo

nrnoTx. hi$op oq&oiHrfe yPeaE No cono-

nerrre co po:rrneaoHx aeto;nHo or

(Doren

(1963).

O(ono '1960 r. ce Ho6rrEAosot no-onpeAen€H,

onril.l !o npel,rHoaoH6 or ulr.rpol(ri 6Poi

l(o-

xrre ycrpoicrBo n xbE AoctoBrFeio Ho

Ao6Px

roAen,

cr HrarTtH v.

no-

3oAoq[ l,l Ho ,tcneABoHe BtPxy

r,tx$opxoq,oxxtre npoqec, y qoBeKo (fpoxA x Xorrerep, '196'1 r. x XypoH x AxelxxHc 1961 r., KpocrloH 1960-64 r.). EnoroAopeHee Ho Bcu,{Ki

telx Aefxocrx

HoBoro npoy'{soHe Ho r!HA}tKo-

TopHrie yctpoicrBo ri3TnexAo, q€ ce Bprr{o xrrl orHocr,trenHo cneqr+[qH, npo6nein a eAxH no-

c!'PyKryPeH norxoA, Hsnp. 3rrer l,| (DsureP u V r46u (1967-68), Eennrp l ap. (1968). Ho elnpexr 6orcTcrsoro Ho roso rutpoKo nPoyqaoHe po3nonoroie a norxo nriePoq/Po to roao roKBo $orrlvecu rpi6Bo Ao lllBlpurr (1967)

nPoe(toxrbr, (oToro e r!npoaeH nPea nPo6neiio !d ,HAr(oropNiae ycrpoicrBo. ABo roi 8e nprrexoBo npeABoprTeneH 6oror onrlt' TLpCeHero Ho cnposKt,l B nxreporyPoro knr aoPI, nPxBnx'ioHeTo Ho cneqlonrcTr{ qe ao. BeAe Hoi-rlonxo 4o spe|teHHo o6rpRBoHe. no Htrxelo rHAxxoropHo y(Tpoic'rso npeanonoro cLule€tByBoHeYo Ho eaHo nxHl,l, xo Btol,rHoaeicrare, npe, xorro ute ae npeaoBo nn<!oproqnro.

lloaoa ro o6tpxaoxe e yoBo, qe r<prreplrru Or

eASOTO CTPC-

Ho Ho rlttHrrro Ho B3orioAeicrEre

HonlnHo

cB-hPsOHOiO XOHqenTyonHO POnl<O

potrrqHrl or Apyrqro crpoHo. Cneqronrcrnte no ,lou,l,tHHl,! croPlxeHn, I no oKonxolo cPeao

(xHxeHepx x +r3rqx) tl or caor onpeaeneH, qerl ll le.roar, rto ctulo .ro(r5o qerlt I tleloal,i

att rHol , cneqronrcrrre no npoSneivre flo toBe(o-oneporop (eptoflo|rn

na$xonoarl). XcHo

e, 9e orTrMonH&rT nPoekT qe }lal,laKBo xrKo, KOnnPOHnC{ iexa). roBor xoero (DrrxqecK{ e octllecTaltHo npx noaxoaiulo il(oHoHllt, I'logo,

Koero o6e!neqo!o

rrtronHo nporxqoBe

qoseuJkrae r$ylxur. r. Koxnporncrr rpi63o Ao aoBeae ao BloxnHo TorrePxPoHe r roToanocT ao Ce nPreiOT rperTe l,l nOXBOTllie, rltlcl(lOlll' Ot Bctl(o or crpoHl4Te.30 clxoneHue Htro eaHo or

clPoHtae 8e ioxe ao nocTrrHe npocTotoTq , ,cxoToTo, xot,iro aonprHoctf 3(l necHolo 63orHHo por6rpoHe, clTpyAHrqecrBo. r.loBex-oneporop ce !r<nkqBo B cxcreiroro npealt Bcr.rqko, iot{oro Hrr(o, Heo6xoAn s oyH(rlrx 't5

npe.oa or (n, (ErsonomictD-

Aqhrt 6p. 411969 ..

He HOrOT AO Ce Onpeaenf,f ,nl/l npeacKoxoT c ToYHoCT. At(o 6tAe sEHoxHo ToqHo cneq&$rqrPaHe, TOTOBO Ule l,lHo|,e B!3MO,(!OCi AO npo€t(-

.rxpo e apylo ,llaeflre, koeTo ao otroBopr Hq Het k B TOxtB €nyeoii npo6neilT ao osoxr.roAeiicrBtero iexay qoBek, noLrtrHo ae cBexao Ao-orHoaraenEo 6oHonHrt npo6nei io B3orHoAe[cTBIeto Hex,qy HolrlrHo ,t nroulr,tHo. CneAoaorenHo qoBek!'t.oneporop e Heo6xoAhn 3(1

8(r HeOnpeaeneHn peoxlurI npe3 HeonPeaeneHo BpeMe, Toso aoBexao ao flpr,t. 6r.qo HercHoar orxocxo npo6nexo. lo3, HertHocT HoxrryBo ctulo r,r oT cTpoHo Ho qoEeKo-oneporop. IlpoqeaxpoHero Ho xHlhopMoqltTo oT qoBexo Htfl(oK He e ToKo necHo po!5trpoero, roxro r3rrexao yoao or orr.lcoHr,rrro B r{3BrPUrBOfle

ere eHiopHxre yqe6xrqx no ncxxororrr. OcBeH cnoxHocTTo Ho iexo8,! rTe ctulecTByEoT l,l

cToBtHe.

Crulecrayaorr apyrq +oplro Ho ornocyBoHe, KO,TO ae X3Be,l(AO Of XCTOPI4'TO HO ClOTBerHOTO qOBeUTXO AeiiHOCT. onePOTOPIT AeicTsyBO

Ho ocHoBoro Ho ct6poHoto or Herot koKTo l,l HO nPeAatoseloto H). rrH+oPirortr,r, l,l rorrqHo

Toi qe Po6ol, noata $ppro, cbB ecrlflio c oopHoYo Ho sH{op}ioqsrro,

e ao ce

nPepnonoao, qe

Ao6pe, oKo aoHHxre co npeacroEeHh

(orfo e Bege HoTPynoHo. Ko3oHo no APyr Hq'{nHt TekyuloTo tH(Dophoqrr ce [3non3Bo Bl,tHor, 3(l nPeaGToBrHe Ho ioaen Ho cl,rryor,lut?d, xoil'o onePoToPrT r3nonlBo 30 nPoBexao|e t. KosTponrpo|e Ho arorBeTHrre aeiHoclr. AoHHrre qe 6r,A0" nprerx no-n€cHo, oxo re clorBercis)rBor HO 1O3X

ioAen.

2. PednH[ , ,3tayctBCtt, ,rHArtaoropHx

ronel'x tHArBl{AyorlHN poln[ql,lr. l4ho poi'|u,{xt

ycrpolcrro.

nrqnr lexay xHAxBrarle, arnxouln ce Ho xHcfPyxqxr, 6oppocr, yr.ropo ltrtt ct{TyotlnortHtl

TepltrHll

l,le)|gly oco6eHocrrre Ho qenrrer

onrro, o6yqeHrero l,l cnoco6Hocrtre. CtqearsyBot po3O6rqo o3eTc r3norrlBo ce eAHo He. nporpq rpyeio ycrpoicrro Jo IaBrpurBoHe Ho nPoHeHN.

to6ofqro. He anyqoiiHo B!3HrxBor nP, nPoeKTxPoHeTo.

.lpygHoc.lx

npo6nearrr rpr6ao 4o ce po3ff1exAo npta Bcf,r(o nPoexT&Po(e Ho arcTe q qoaeK-ioultHo. orpoHll

qeHhtro B o6uloro

no3HoHhe

,l3KJltoqaor

orroaopHocrrro Ao ae .rtpcn Hoi-ao6poto peuJeHre, Ho ot ToBo cleaBor qe He ctulecTByBo onTr onHo nPoqeaypo r! ecrecTBeHo He tlor(er Ao trrrHen ao onrtfiorHo peuJeHl,le. CrqecrBysoT TPr! BlIllO,(Htl npOeKTXpOHe nO

tr$"ry,(uB lt

'IOAXOAO: cr4crerrso npoBeprBoHe,

(oao

,!nor3Bo eal,lH t(oHrponeH BrnpocHl,!K; sop-

honHo nPoeKflipoHe l.l KoHrponspoHe 9pe3 npll-

noroHe Ho cToHAOPTHt npoqeAypr,t ll nPoexTyr. POHe gPe! HOTO,(AOHe ktM BCit(O Cl{ryOqr' HO ocHoBoro Ho ycroHoBeso Teopkr. Te3k noAxoAn no-cl(oPo ce aonlnBot, otxonKoTo ao cl,l npo.rt,lgoPegOi rl ACeKX eAnH l,l OHOrneArBOHe.

lrx

3scny)(OBO r.llrcHrBOHe

Koro BcrEnneH(e ,t3Bec o o6crxAqHe x3rcKBo Brnpocrr 3(l cEsfiecrrtrocrror o6u.l }l 3o rpl4Te noAxoAq. Heo6xoArnoTq clBr4ecarlMoar iexAy peonHolo oKonHo cpeaol{ aor{t{l,re, norlyqeH,

or ,HAl,rKoropHrre ycrpoicrBor roBrcr ot roao, Ao(onKo onepotoplT tloxe I

noBeqe

Tpr6Bo

ao l{3Bneqe cBorte aoHHx oT peorlHo.ro c,Tyoqxr, orKorKoro or Hrko*go HeiHo n3r(ycrBeHo npeA-

(lrHAkqxpoHe) (disploy) noHrKoro ce orPoHrltoBo a nPeac'loBtHe Ho aoH8r, xotlto co Honrqe (oro noanearqo oT HiKokao IHclPytieHron6nPoBe. Ho ToBo orPoHIqoBoEe e HeycToHoBeH nPeqeaeHT B AP'lru 6nonoty.y{s Horr(rr HonprieP lHAr(oqrx

xenoleiHo noPoa, HO yXO)xBOHe CPeA

ntrqrTe

ClqeclBy-

(l/l tOrqOTO

Bor npoeKToHlct(, npo6Ie x, Koxro oqeBlAHo co nPo6neMx Ho rHAxxr/rpoH€to), Ho Koulo He akrloqBoa nPrnorosero llo 60PrxeHrr (Ho. nprllep iopKl,rpoHrrto Ho nrcro). Bce noK cLqecTByBo Po3nxko Hexpy Peonxt/lle l|Ar4Koqlr,

nP, korfo

npoekTxpoHeTo

axnoqso r3TrkBoHe

Ho AoHHr{ ,l o6o6qoBoHe (Honpxl,ep 6necrrq, nPeanell/l no APe)(rTe 8(r rqeqo, xolTo olrBof

rlo yq[rrqe B rpo.{H, yrpxnx) l,t l,rHAnKoropHr.t

ycrpoicrso, Roltro

mkycrBeHrr B(nroqBoa

HeqoBeuixr.r cerhBAri ycrpoicrBor Honps,.lep BOnTl'eTPn.

Fogeqero qoseurrr 3oAoqx Bxnroqsdt xor6rHOqllri

eclecIBeHl,l

,!KycTBeHx HAIroaopHtl

yarPoicTso. llocnxoro ecrecraexo.'o 4otruxttpo

9l rl3r(ICTBeHOIO AOCTOAi AOnlnHUTenHr AOHHvt (xonpnrep npl ).npoEnrsoHe Ho osfofo6rn);

o noHrKoro ,lKyctseHoro

aor'fl,rHrPo

ecrecrBe-

SOTO AOCIOST AOnrnHITenHl,l AOHHX (HonphlleP

nPrl ynPoBrrBoHe Ho erektpocToHqri). nPx scrtrKx cnyqo, Tpr68q ao ce porrnexao cbrno-

cyBoHocrro iexay aBere. He ioxen cBo6oAtro ao c}reHrH ecTecTaeHoTo xHAxKqropHo ycTPoiCTBO; nPOe(TrpOHeTO BO r,t3(yCTAeHXTe r'HAr-

KOTOPH,I yarpoicTBo Tpr6Bo ao 4rpx, BriHo t creTko 3(I oapoHrqeHtrTo, HonoxeHn oT iH(bopnorlrrTo, oT peonHoro 3(106&Konrqo cpeao, Tonr o rpyaHocr np, npoeftTrpoHero Ho rnall-

xoropxrre ycrpoicrso e, qe eclecTBeHxTe ycTPoicrso o6r(HoBeHo co Horo uyl'xr, nperpynoHr, KopTrHHl.t l.l oHonorlqHr, Aot<oto l,!!KycT. BeHrTe cbatpxoT yrcTtl aoHHr r gecto co ctltisonrqHfi

r.r

qr+poBr,r. ToKo BlrHrxao eAHo ocHoaHo

HeclBHecrrfiocr. npoexroHra(oro al,trydqll, e AeiicrBrlTenHo koroTo 3oAoqoro e To"pyAHo,ce kone6oe exAy ecTecTr(oBor qe flpea&HcrBoTo BeHr!Te U 13KyCTaeHITe l,HArKOTOPl.l B SOBl,tclrtlOCT

oT noa3oaogoTo In ycnoBllilo, Honpxt|ep npn nrnoTlpoHe to coMoneT. 3ocnyxoao clrr1o ao cflon€Her, 9e,r3KycrseHoTo rrHAIKoropflo ya_tpoictBo gearo nbTH nPeAcroBrrBo 60prepo Hexay o,lepoTopo y eclecTaeHoTo,$iax(oTopHo ycTpoicfso. 06rKxoBeHO Ce OfHOarMe c no-Monxo aoBepte Khi 113.

(yETBeHOTO 1,fl{Ar,fl{OTOpsO yCTpOiCTBO t4 He peo-

rxPoie HeflocPeacTaeHo no peallqo nprqrHxoT nrncoio Ho ctatpxolqo ce B c(fHono Heof-

noxHocT qo ,luncofo Ho nt,lHo 9HAltKolll.l, 3Cl nocnearqlTe; Honprl$ep eaxH onepoTop rqe peortpo MHoro no-6tpto Ho nno rqrie, u!nu3OUIX OT XOPnyCO, OTl(Onl<OTO HO npo rHOtO B

reirneporypHr,rr ll8Ar,fl(orop. CneAoaorenfi o e nosesero cnygora ecrecfBeHoTo rHArKoTopHo ycTPoic1so e no-BoxHo or r3xycrBeHoTo l,r rpr6so ao {}ro npearEcTBo npl, npoe(ToHrcxoTo flpoyqBOHe. IOBO HOnOTO

CAOTBeTHO trl,tcUrnfil,|HO HO

ecTecTSet[, eHTyaLoStH Ho npoexloHTo.

3. Hogo I [orpynoxd l4H{opr.tdrllt Hrxoi oneporop

He ioxe ao po5orr,6e! Ao e orpynon po!Hoo6po!Ho rHQopHoqrr, Bxnloq. qenll tfifipyxqrx, rlrton onrT, Henoapea.

-!:oto ,rBtpueso po6oro r.oroxsoxoto craeHo 614iu1o POOO'O. JO C!l(O,leHye I.lecTononoxeHreTol' Ho cl6rpoHe Ho llHooprroqfi soprpor

::-yl:lr llHoro, T.Li xoTo TBrpae co cBtproHl,l 6ltno c HepBrr€, lrno c nororo, Honpnrepr !o rlrpoqo HO TeHrc o,{oxBoHoio no3o !o cneAEOU.lOTO

Bpr-uto8e e erk8 BxA HorpynoHo l,lri(bopfioqrr, o-lonoreTeHoTo sep(x, !o npoBknoro Hq xrporo-4PYr 5ra ,H(!opioqrr. Toao e xrxoxgo ae9rHnqrf Ho npo6neio qpe, polrnexaoHe Ho npeacToaeHl|Te aoHHl,t, KOeTo ce oqo(so ot onePoToPo Ad HonpoBr, ToBo ce rlHeH, noBeve llns

no.nonxo oT nprKoro ynpoaneHre Ho ,rxopo, r(ot(lo |lonprxep BArroHeTo Ho tene(DoH. hfio ,rra(tollri, !o cbBhectrrrocr Ho axoao (rsxoao)

I rt,lcKBoiri !o no3HoBotenHo cEBltecTrHocr. ioxe Ao Hil.lo AeiHocr, cBrploHo c Hrxor cncqr+tqto qoaT or aoHHr, xol,tto cc |'lncrrBoT !o ,toacrnBoHe Ho apyrn aoHi, g aellHocTTo ioxe ao Bop&pd eo rorirlo cTenex 6 xr,

PG6rpo ae,

Oi TeXy!{nTe qenx, Honprnep cnea rneaoHe Ho qocoBHfix. KpoiHxrT (nyqoi Ho-

3OATCTiiOCT

aTlnBo, xoroTo

6nno a

He ce

,rxckao aeiHoca

roretto, 6lno a 6tgeqe.

rn,

ya,nxe

fliqlHoro e, qe rH4rxoropt+ire ycrpoi(TBo He norol Ao ce npoexTrpor flpocro a!! ocioao xo onePo?opar(rTe noape6Hoc o], aoHHr. oT nPoeKTNpoHeTo

TCrrl AOHH'

3oBrc, 3(r t(o(ao ule ny nocnyxor

XOl<aO Ce O9OKBO AO HOnPOSX

TOi

Axo oqoxaoxe HenocpeacrseHo, rcHo peoKqnt xolo nocnearqo oT ll8allxrpoHeto Ho yHDop o-

llllt, B!3H,XAO.. Btnpocl 30 (loTHouleHleTo lexAy rHArxoLlrr ll ynpoBleHxe. BroHr.1oaeicTBlltlo ,le lqy qoBe(o ,t tloultEolo co AccTo6tHo o6qt tl rorrqHy. Toxo qe cpeA cneqronxx rPynx or ofleporopr Morot ao ae yctoHosrT HOt{rlHtl Hq peortpoHe cnprHo oao6eB, gHAl.t. xotopHx npotleHx. Te cneAaor npocrr

HrqHr,r

Hexo-

_orHou,eHrr Koto nprgrHo (cneAcrare),

!rFTooopo!Ht,t aBrxeHl!r HoaraHo I leSO fe!& HOV9ttl,t HO peorrpohe

r.n. O6raxxo. tlorOt AO ae

or(rrToT OT rlposl,lr polyn, o KoroTJ He iioror,, lptoBo Ao ce yroqHx o6utoro nrHn, Ho BitorEo. AeicTBre, roxo 9e Ao xorol Ao ce oTeltToT. HqnPrHep, or(o triArkoropr{rre s ynpoEnsHq€aKxle aagxeHq, co B aso nnoHd noa npoB trrn, TOrO!O HtfloHe rcio iexoHrqHo catp!BoHe, Hhto rpynoE crepeoflin. cpeacTsoTo no nonPoBrll toBo e ao HiHotle tHAxKoropHll x yflpoB.

,nex{ecK, ABl4XeH{r B OpreHTOqxrr cErp3oHo no

llpr rx4rlxoropxrre ycrpoicrBo oror ao a!!. HTKBOT Ap/r, araoae apynoa, cTepeoTrnfl,

HOnPrflep lBenrqeHrero Ho ql+prTe Ho eAHo ct(oio no noaoKo Ho qocoBHl,t(osoro cTpenKo ll cLorHouleHerTo r,rexay crpen{n I cxo np, PeAvq'r or qroep6noro. ycroHoseHrTe rpynoB,r cTepeol&nq ao onrcoHr noapo6Ho E Hrxotl prr(o. EOACiAO.

'17

,1,

4dHBx. KPkteplli 3(r ToBo t{oxe Ao 6!Ae snh

Ynotpe6o Ho roHrpo,lHl. rLnpocHr.lqr

rrrToT Ho cBoe'ro [Hl.]lTxBHo gyBcTso 3(l nPeacToBrHe Ho vH$oplroqxr. ToKrBo HeonPeaeneH,l yl,eHll, He co 3(r nPeHe6PerBoHe; Te qecYo ttlloi !o perynfor Nl<oHorlrqHl.r 11 eneroHTlrfi PeueHrt Ho npo6ne rre, cBrp3oHx c xHArKoqr!, rio rH+oP-

Hoqrrro, Ho Hoi.Ao6lp e eoexrrr,

KoroTo

npo3(TrpoHero Ho qocoBHrqr rlnx

6oPAHtl

nPceKToHtrT crulo onfiTeH onePoToP llnn notpe6fiTen. To3u noAxoA e 3oAoBonrreneH !o l.lHcrpyreHronHl.l To6no Ho os'roi06rnll, Ho Toi He e 3oAoBonlreneH, oKo npoel<TolrrlT e Aone'{ or flotpe6[ienr Horlpxtlep ene(TpoHHrie IH)i<eHePr, |(OTOTO nPOeKrlPOr pOrOPHI fiHAr.

xoloPHl,r ycipoicaao

tnrl

eHeProxflxeHePrTe,

xoroTo nPoeKruPoT r(oHTPonHr cTou !o enextPocroxqtat. [lpr EGr,rgKll cnygor,r ctr.qecrsyso at!.

r,roxHocT ao ce npeHe6perHe HrKo(tB Boxetl ocneKT Ho nPo6reio ,i KorilPonHfit BlnPocHllK nPeacTognrad eAHo qeHHo nPeanolHo cPeActBo. To6n. I caArpxd KoHTponeH BlnpocHr,fl(, cEaroBeH Bt3 OCHOBO hO nPeAnOnO,(eireTO, ite norn qecKuTe cePxr! Ho nPoBePKo TPr6Bo ad 6laoT cBtP3OHtl C HeO6XOArtiOCrrO, AOCTOTbqHOCTTO,

geTnriBocTto tl aaBHecantloclro. Mexay8oPOAHOTO ePrOHOtlr'recKq OaoquOqrr e Craaorrq eauH KoHrPoreH BrnPocHxK, orrfle9otoH

s Eexon, 1957 r., crarpxoul Herone r

noaPo6Hoclll no oTHoureHre Ho rHArxcToPHnTe ycTPoi-

crBo, (oiTo o6xBoqo no-o6qoqoseL!(lre +o(-

roPr. h3nonlBoHeTo Ho xoHTponHt,l BlnPocHttrltr ae Kpxrr(yao or r.rrKo, eproHorl9cTr,r, HonPxlreP V'tbp6u

(1967

cPeacTEo

rr, ioqoro He co noaxoairll, nPeacToBrBe Ho nPoekToHTcKr,,

aoHH}l l,l Pe noou.lptBot {cTrHaKrt cl{cTe oTrqe.l

noAxoa xrr.r nPoeKTxpolre.

5. llpnaoroxe Ho +oprorBl.r Hotrrrir

AeficrBHe.

l4aetro 3o ,HAxkupoHero Koto rtocr or si,ol'!tloqe l(l

oTHOUJeHteTO qOaeK-l.lOllUHO nOAC!(O'BO,

oPoeKT,POHeTO lioxe AO Ce HOrOr OT qOBeKO-OnepOTOP

TPtrse or

t',lotlrr',i_

{ oT aseie

'ni4 nPeA14txereptr ecTecTBeHo noqrTo ao iprrBo of rlaerrrelo. []PoBrnH}rtr

eAHosPeHeBHo,

Hoq[H Ho AeictBre e 4o ce lonoqfle clc cnrctK fi n x arorpor{o, crarpxoull,r acrvtr.r xeo6xoan x ra

n r4qHocTr { necHoTo ctoPixo( ,Hcrpy eHrs, ,r1r xof6uHoqrir or eBdro

oTl{octTenHoTo

Tort nogxo4 ae npeAnoqrto ol nHoro nHxeHeP[ X XyAO,xHXr]l,r-nPOeKTOHfX, XOr,rTO PO!-

aoHe

a4n

Soffiopo. Ho,{t.rx-bu nonoxeHuero Hq npeacroBrHe B ToKla anyqoi ce onpeeenr or Honrq. HocTlo Ho croflaoPrH, xHcrpyreHTx, oT ctoTBerHoro croiHocr n r.H. OnocHocrro npll ToIGB

fiefoa ce crcrol B foBor qe norpe6filenrt

,3npoBer{ npeA tloLi.rxHf, rr,lla ycrpoiciBo, Hoco. qeHI no-cKoPo Krll xHrePecuTe Hq nPoeK-

ToH?o. oa(on*oro Kti HeroBrre co6crB€Hl,r nyxAr. OT Apyro crposo, or(o MourrHoTo e Ao-

c-rollqHo iHorocTpoBHo , ule ce ,3non3Bo 3Cl tlHoxecrBo suAoBe po6oro, r.,3B!pUJsoHo or oIePoroPrl Ho PolrlrrrHo lrs60, HofiPriieP qocT

oT cloprxeHrrto cnyxot 30 nPoyrtBote, o aPy. rlfe-,o (oHTPon, ro npeafloquroHe e aoH. Hrle ao ae npeacToaf,l c oTrlea Ho fiou,I,rllolo. ToBo rroxe Ad ce noAo6plr qpe! pGrnexaoHe Ho

o6ut{re cBoicrso Ho rroBeKo-oneporop, Honphnep, koxBl,rro L ao co rexHrTe o6eKtx xnl,l ytle-

Hhr 3(l nPo(Tr,r'{Hr,r qeny, onePofoP,rre fioroT AO nP{exoT aoHHn coMo nocPeacTBoh Tpx ceH3oPH,l KOHOnO (Br3yonHll, CnyXOS{, XXHeCTeTUgHT) h po3yhHo e ao ae po3rnexao Kox aqHBrTe ute ce PGnPeAenrT iexay relx xoHonr, aopri r corlo 3o Ao ce {36erHe npeloBopBoHe Ho o9hre. To6n. 2 aoBo cntlctl( Ho oTi{ocr{TenflITe nPea}lMclBo Ho posnrqHl,lTe cerllBo rnn ceHicpHn KoHonr. h3ucx-

BOHTTTO HO OnePOIOPO rle nPOT3XO,(AOT O.l o6eKTrre Ho cl,icrerioro l,t or ponrto Ho oneporopo no orHollexre ro nr4enrero. llocneAHoro ce onpeAenr B onrcoHlero Ho po6oro'to (task des( ription), korro e qoBeuJKrir exay. BofleHf Ho cnecli+nKoql,ltro l{o tiouJrl{toro lri. Aenxe. Kokro io onrcBoHe SyH(llr,lxre flo eArH

ypeA, (oiTo e .!Br(oB KorKoro yoBeKo.onepo1'oP, aoKo r,r 3(l t!3BrpuJBoHe ll npeacloBrse onrcoSurro tto po6oloro. cLulecrByaor ronttl

6poi r'rero4r (l'4ranep, 1962). l-lerrr6 e Ao ce 30n{cBo xoflxoro e sr3MoxHo no-c6rro ioBo,

Koeio Brpurn onepoToptr, KoeTo ce nocTlro Hoi-Ao6pe qpe3 Auorpo o, hoapnqo kn! cntcbt(, a 3oBucl,lloct oT 3oaoqoTo. o.teBraHocf Hoxe

Ao ce nocrra{e qpet Ho6nEAoBoHe Ho oneporo.

pnae (tosk onalisis) ,nx no norrqeH nrr

oT qoBeko-t1or!uHHoro po3npeAeneHre Ho $yHK-

qutro. (taak synshesis). no nprHqrn noAxoAiuloro onrcoHre Ho po6ororo e npeAnocroBKo ro npoekrl,poHe Ho rHAxKoropHI ycrpoicrBo, Ho I3TtKHoxie Beqe. 9e roBo He Hoxe Ao 6!Ae To,rHo.

f1tpBrir

npoq€AypeH

npo6ner e Ao

l(oBTporeH BLnpocHrt( !o npoextrpqxe

P03Ilep

l,lHAxxoroPsr tarporctao

O6ur npo6ner

Btrroxtr,t cto6poxexlr

nopoxerpx, Texx. tleroAtr

l,r

nPl.,Hqrn{

Heo6xo4nnocr

Onpoapoeo nx ce fio6oBrH€To r{yxaoro Ho norp€6rrenr?

3ocryxoBo rln po3xoArre l,l ycnoxHeHrer-o? Moxe

onepo. topbr .qo oopoB, ToKo Ao6pe n oe3 Hero rrl, no-ao6pel

Koxao ce cnyvao, kororo

0yHKqroHxpo Ao6pe?

npoy.rBoHxr Ho croiHoarHdro e(beKTxsH. Apyro ocHoBoHr.r€ rl3Brfi flo3rrla,flire Ho xHOopHo-

rlrrto: TpoAxq{i,

Br,rAuMo Ko'

qeclao, (TltItDIPoHe.

npoyqaoH{r Ho xpnrxqHx cny.(or. EBnoxHocrt: He flpeA-

crosr rH(Dopnoqnr,

peActoB,

norPeuHo xH+opEdr.l.

Aocrortvrocr

KokBr AcHHx ioxe Ao co {eo6xoAffi Ho oneporopo, xohro He co xy 6hnl,l AO'TOB'Hl,i

tLle 6raor

nh noielHt noEeqe

AoHHrl (Koro pyrnHo 3(l HornoarBo8e rfl, {3ieHrHe Ho cr(Te-

PolnpeaenrHe Ho +yHKqrrio tlexIy qose(o ll nourfloro

EoTol s crygoi Ho He Ao6po +HkqsoHrpoHe)

OTHoaHo tHsrlo arctor8xel Ho-

arorrqo alcrortfie? 6raeqo

c.u-

,13nonlysoHe Ho: Horpynsoutx nBAllKoropH, yarpoicrBo, ycko-

PeHl, IHArKOrOpltll yciPOicTao, alPeacKo3Boulr l,lHAyKoropHx ycrpoic.r8o

Moxe nl{ eAtt oneporop c Hophonio PorBrlfl,l CernBHl, OPTOHU AO B,XAO,r

qyag tecSo Toao, KoeYo ae ll!-

Honoro nn ae l'rnrlrlHo AeiHoar 3(l l,i3BnrqoHe lO AOxltre?

AeiHocrrd r.,oxe: Ao l.r3iicKBo nosege Bpene, ao axnroqBo

no-ctcPeAorogeHo yarnye, ao BKnloqBo nPohtHo HO nOSOlO,

.lcKao 19

Aonlt npeAcrosrHeto croso c noAxoarulo crnoi

Br3yonH& noPorerph nonoxeHBe, roneHllHo, nocoxo. ocBeTneH11e,

ronerntto Ho cTPenxorot $opro, l(oHYPOCl,

TonetlxHo Ho 6y(st'!

atrn tl3nruJeclao

cKonllo aerleHler

rPoayrPoie, 6elnoPlatx, cnyxoBll noPoieTPr; orn'll,lTyao' qecToTor

xonaloHe'

'clloTo'

crrlon. roniio,

Aor1, crorrioureHreto

!!yi

e aoc'roTrqHo

noPoHerPx

oalereHocl:

KoHTPOC'T CEHKll, rPKOC'1,

oiPoxeHrer aroPolrerPrl Ho layKo: uyr4 Ho cPeaoTo.

,airo nv e KrAe co AoHHttel

BPtt(l.l c PeonHxle c!6nl!t;

,cHo

+l,llr'{ecK{,

n, e Ao KoxBo ce ortiocrr nPeacToBexxTe AoHHII

OrcrpoHeHr

nt co

allnBotlHrl,

nere8a,l,

u3nruJHrte

AOHHl,l?

noaxoai0lo e

fiPeql,lSfiocrro

no orHoueHge Ho:

eHronlloqrt? Br,tnpteHoHeto?

nPOy',lBOHXt HO HOtPynBoBeTo

,HCTPy

CrBiecrr oct

B ctorleacTBre

nll e xHAr|KotoPHo_'

TO yCiPOiCTSO: C 20

Peonsll CStrl

l'1:nonreo

n]t onePoloPlr

e'Te-

CTaeHI4 t,lnll rlsKycrBeHs [HAllKO_ ToPHt,l YcrPoicrsol

rPeUJXt!

aarxeHlteto no

xnpr,rKoToPHrTe

oTroBoPr nn Ho peonHxle aBn-

O6poleqrl Ho rEAxt(oiop{re AeToin, noAo6eH nn e Ho peorHXTe HeU.lO AOHH&

C apyrl

lnar,rrorop8la aeroinnl

llill

ISTOqHrqn tO

Cnotgoxs nra ao nprlHqrnrre Hoi.noAxoarulo apynkpoHel

BrrioxHll nprxql'ntr

rPy_

nllPoHeTo:

nocneaoBoter ocr Ho Po,a!_ goHe Ho 06Poio, nProPxrer, qec.ro.ro Ho nonalqHe cxoaciBo

tlnI,l |raeirrgHoct Ho

(FYHX.

llrrlo

hlnortgoxn rt,t ao Hoi-noAxoat. q$re )rxoloHxr !o aonrflHrTerBo

rPynrPoHe?

Bur.

yxorox.

ll(lrtr

cTtn 8(l aronoto,

C npeAruHx raostql' n lieHrt?

C ,lrcxloHnte peureHllt t AeiHoctx

rpyrxpoHe:

qBrT, ooPno, roneirHo, noCtpenKofo.

ctriq

Aflonrt Ho yne-

lqe ,tkc(!o nr oneporoplr cneuronHo o6y'{eHrel l4iio ,rl,l leportttocr or

fpynoB, ctporr6n!

npeAcroBrHero nooruprao n{ onePoToPo:

ao ircrl Brpxy ncrrHcxrr

nPo-

6ren no npoBrrefl Ho9llfi 4q noa6rpo npoBrinHoro Aei?

FOaT rl AO nPTAB9XBO B nPOBT,IXO

KoArpofle

!o G{eroEoHe to

nePqentrahx ioaert, clorEoureHxe iexay oProH ,o ynPoBneHrc ycrporcrBo.

nHArlxoToPHo

OrEocrtGrtLta npoarrlcrao tto aeHloPuxrG ro,lora

KrHerrqHi (aBxrorenHo r

crroao

yceqoHe)

Br,yonH,

cnYxoBx

(6rxaoBe)

(,{yaoHe)

He x3xc(Bo nptKo

rtPceHe

He ,3raKao BHrrioHre

CKopocr'

Hoi.roni|lo

forrio

Hoi-

Pes

HeperrcrprpoH, HeroBrcrtt

Hoi-necHo !onorerl

,lecHo xrnycHor

CneuJHocr

noqr,

Hoi-necHo 3o cJrxaoHe

TpyaHo 30 anriBoHe

tll

He ce

yr.!

, no(orr'

h3xcKBo BHrioHre

flory,rosoHe

3XPOHe

'{eBL3nox'{o

to cnrsoHe

Mlie or Bl€yonHrt rrJyM

He ce Bnrte

Br3yorleH

rrl, Krl'

orrKo

He ce onfite or ctlyxo6

UJyr'!

HeroT{qeH uryM

npreTo

HrKol(Bo

[]oaBllxHocr

l'lonko rrBrosocr o

AaexBoTnocT

l4Hoopitoqlr 30 o6poTHo BpBko

Peorqlrfo

eSnroao KOPT,lHHO

nonoxeHqero Hoii'rortHo ftBKoaocr

3o xenocpe4craen roHrpon Hq Aei72

refloa9rqHo

e3r(ogo

nPeo6noaosould

!o BPeiero

r{SBecTHO

rbal(o00ct

xH(FoPiolll,lt hx<popt'toulr ,o

3o ipe4ynpeerternn crrronn

nPOCtPoH'

ctBoTo

3o o6tt.loixl, nPolePK11

nHoror(oHonHr

onPeaenl' cTeneHro No npeqntHocT, KoiTo l,rlr,rcr(Bo 30 oclryprBoHe Ho lapoBo octoso nPoyqBoHeTo, KonKoro no-Br,tcoKo

ce 30

poBHnuleTo

HO |i3IICKBOHOTO yHeHXe BePOTTHOCTTO 30 'nX e Irtcx86!ieTo Heuloclre, ronr(oso no-Bl,!co(o 3o noApo6eH oHonx3 Ho po6oToTo, ToKo Honpxllep

nP,'

nPoeKTuPoseTo Ho utlpraKotop Ho cKopocTrlTe 3(l coionet ce ,!3t{cKao noBege po6oTo, olkonkoTo nPl,| nPoeKTHpoHe Hq ToxrEo rrHAr,r-

KoroPr 3(I oBToHo6rrfi. Ho To6n. 3 AoBoie on[coHr,re Ho po6orolo Ho onepoTopo Ho oHoIroroBo r3grcrrTenHo tlor,!l4Ho (SrparH , 4p., 1966

r.). flolHoBoxero

Ho 3oAorroro Ho onepo.

TOPO MO)l(e AO Ce r!3nOn3BO KOTO OCBOBO 3(l OnPe-

aenrHe Ho ,!H+opxoqnrTo, oT xoiTo

Toi ce H)'XAOe, 3cl AO HOnpOBll Csohre h3soAl., ink rO AO3OnOqHe CBOITe 4eiCTBt4t, nOCneAOBOIeTHOCTTJ

(

l1nu rpyneplHeTo flo Po3rrrqHxle r3ToqHrrlll r{o aor{Hl,r t, Hoi-ao6prrf fteToA ro npeacTosr e HO BCeKI B TOBO OTHOLle(re nPOel(Tr"3TOqfll,!K. POseTo Hd nsAr,rKOTOPHr4Te yCTPOiCTBO Ce OnPeaenr rnoBHo Ho 603010 Ho cru{rTe noPo eTP!, noKo3oHr,r B cnrclko Ho To6n. l, Ho B Pea, onpe-

or cxaouloHero 3Cl 3oAoqoao. Her3HeHHrTe Btnpocr.r Ho l.rHrboPMoqu3riHoTo KoauPoHe,

aereH

(orro rDr6Bo 40 noaxoxpol Ho

nepaneKTrB-

Hqro soaoqo Ho onePoroPo (6BEecTU OCf) CO po3rneaoHn Ho nrPBo r.lrcro l,l crea Trx ,laBor sbnPoc, Ho ncrxo+n3kkoTo (,ieTrlrBocr), Korro ce onPeaenrT of xoPoKTepkcTxxltre Eo aefrBHxfe oProH[. Koro ce Tp.hrBq of oaekBoTHoTO onl/tcoHue Ho Po6ofoTo, oBToHoTxqio ule ce qecro o6rpHe BHrMoHlle slPxy Heo6xoahlrocrro.

n!T, HO npOKTttKO HO'lHHl4Te HO Ae,CTBXe lOnoqBoT oT aBolo xPo, (fiourxHHoTo L3aenle , onePoToPxYe) u ae nocTfiro xPoes xoMnPotlrlc a HrKo, riexanHno ToqKq; HonPlMeP nPx Po3IexaoHe Ho nPo6neHo !o npoeKTxPsHe Ho ctoTBeTcTBrtTo nPl Frloro roneMll llHcfpyieH. ronHr HourlrHlr n ap. (6,lya, ap., 1967 r.). Ho npbB norneA ToBo ioxe ao llrnexao KoTo npo6nei Ho flPoeKrr!Po8e'fo Ho ynPoareHrero. (Dokrr,{ecKI o6oqe BcrqK, Knocllgecxu xo_

nPo6neMx co oTAoBHo nPoeKTxPoHr,l ol IH,l(eHePXTe. Hri{O npo6ne !o noroxeHueTo, TLi Koro cro'rBerctarero ioxe Ao ae PerynnPo r4oHAHr,r

no po!noroxeHre I nocot(o. Htlto

Al4HorigKo

HO r(OllOHAySOHe rn' nPo6nei Hq rPOAynPoHo KOTO 06r(HOBeXO BCl.lr'lKl,l l(o_ aBH)l(eHre, tli rloHAHt OPrOHI CO CereKTOPl,t ,,1ll TPUrePra.

OnrcoHra B(l po6orqro to onePqroPo Ho oHonorolo clleldqltq tloulxHo

OaBo6oxAoBoHe Ho

ctoPtxeHrtro

EonoHcrpoHe Ho yavnBorenr-le

Otcrpoxrsore nperoBopBoHero Bo yclnBorernre

YcroHosrBo{e Ho npo6neio

OnpeaenrHe Ho npo6rle o OqeproBoxe Ho notogH[Te exorPorit iPexxr noreHuxoierPu Po!npeaenrHe - )acrrBorenr, Ho ioutrHoro f]peaoooHe npo6rleHo

HdrrdctooHe Koe(ptqteHT[9Te noteHqroMerPx

HorIrocrsoHe Ho HdqonHrre YcnoB[,

OneprpoHe

nycKoHe 6 aB[xeree 3oa!pxoHe

Hoao HqrtocrEoHe Ho HoqorlHrre ycnoB[t 23

OqelrAHo o6oqe aaulearsyBq eArH

loatcrltocr of lPeneTo [ flo6nrcaoTenlTe. Hre

cepBos€

npo5ne !o ,HArr(oTopHoTo ycrpoicrBo, rLi xoro (Fll!IqeckoTo Polaenrie Hd nocToarHeTo B AlUXeHre O? nonyqehoro leifiocT ce nPesprqo Bla {ylr{ne xo koioHAHtre oproHr,

Pqr6(Pqrie,

qe nPekoneHolo Peq.ntPHocl

l/l

nPocrPoHcYBoro,

r !o

BPe

ce arrrte or xohnnekctocTTo

Korto croBo r.rHoro no-Horr(o oqeBrABo. yBen qoBoHeTo [o rone rHoTo }l crnoTo yBeilqoBo

nocnearqxTe oT eAHo rPeuJKo a ynPoaneHqecKoro Aerfurocr (onepoqrr), Korro ioxe ao AoBeAe ao Heluocrltr 5rtno nopoari ocrbnrBq8e, u pe!).nror or nospeAr, 61110 nopoA, topoHrBqHe Ho hepcoHono. Onlcottrero No po5o,oro no4 tlopr.roto llo Arorpono, nokoaBqqo (hy{(qllTe Ho onePoToPo B crcrexoTo, noanoioro ao ce onPeaenh ionPll'ep xoKBx enefieHT, Ho aaornoAeicrBxero co fieo6xoAxrax ao 6otBerctarero. Pepru polnonoxeHrero Ho eiefieHlnle qe loBrcti oTgocT, of roBo l,l oT'{ocT,

qeHr'poqll, I

PornPeaereHocT. nePqenqxito nPeanonoro Por6rPoHe, Ho Po!6rpoHeTo Ho cill4cano ocfoBo nloSrM nPea €T Ho ar.lcKycrit iexay (bxnoao+ire , ncrxonorxre. htanexao, qe xke c e B Heu3ToaHolo noll{ull, ao nPeqeHn BO)KEOarrO HO nepqenqniro, 6er ao nPrlexo. boHe cto.fBefHx 3HoHl{t x nPeqxlHocT t{o raerler

ro ao flPeaoaei

HrKoxBll ,cHl.l nPrHqrnn Ho npoeKToti(te. MoxoP ve aePorrno e lcTyxo,

ClOTBetCTBtetO lterl(Ay POanrqHn {HCTPy. reHtoIHI MOlUltHll. Tetx nPxHqxnll co noro3oHl,l

HeTO

BOHC HG

ro6n. 4; Ho ro6n, 5 AoBoie npx ep Ho rix-

HOTO

hprnoxeHl,le.

6, l4anon$oH€ npeHqrnxra

H(r

noBoaeHl.eto

O6qonprero e, {e xH+opioqtiro, xorro aocTlrc ao qoBeKo.onePoToP, TPr6ro ao 6lae nrPBo yceTeHo rl crea ToBo st3nP{e]o. yceuloHero roarcr or xoPoKrePrcrx(gie 8o cefrBHste oproHr, xoero e Ao6pe ao(otoHo or qonoHnc

r.r

Ap. (1949

rl nPrirre'roao

r.) r

no-BeoraoBllo

Moy_

(1961) x ooren. npoqeclte uo itHoro no-TpyaHx 3(l onPeaentHe

6pei lr fe6xopr

I no oaHouieHre Ho +yHxqrrao HO OiPOHll'reitrTO. HonPrHeP nPx nPoyq' BOHe HO eAUH rlyHeH POAOPeH eXPOlr 'lPyaHo e Ao ce oraenrt aeH3opHkre npo6reHn. Brntoq' eaxoBPenexHo

l.l

Boqx nporoBe, or Etlnprrrirre hPo5,telrx, BKnpqBou.l, ytleHr, !o onpeaenrBe iecfonoro' xeHrero r 3(r tAeHTror{oqri, yltedHocrro Ho nPeqenrxBHoTo reoPx, ,o nPoe(TrPoHe Ho xHAllKoToPHrl ra?PoiaTBo 6euJe poarneaoHo ol geplol ('1954). Toar noaxoa e HesqaoBonrre_ net ro iHoro nPoeKToHTrt noHexe toi e iBoro npot'eHrll,rB , clBcei oTAeneH ot xaetTo :ro e(beKrlBHocaro. CxsoqoHero 3(r oraerlaHero Ho +rrypalro or +oHo x3mexao noaxoAtulot aoKoro ce ofl(ple, qe o6PotlTe c6 npoieHtT a4

(oMnnel<cHocTtol,l aeTdirlT He co onPeAereHr, xoKro He e onpeaen€Ho (lHl,rlloHreTo)r tiol(oP ve ae BoatT HHoao axcKycl,lr4 16 HeroBolo l(otl-

qe nPoaxnHoro cxBouloHe xo

npxHr.lxnr xo npoeKrxpqHe Ho c!orBetctBrefo! Kor.rro aonprHocrr 3o floAo6pr-

ato. cKoPocfio

I oT aeloino,

or o6ulrre

,rouJo, Ho crulo foxo noulo e, nPeKoneHoro Hepe0/nrPHocr. T060 ce orHocr eaHoBPeHeHHO

nePqenqroHHoTo

reoPxr ule noao6P{ yBeHrtTo nPl hpoeKrrPo-

yCiPOiCaOO, HOqrHlT, nO

'THATKOTOPHT! Koiro't6 roBo norHoHre flonoro, e rqyABoulo l(oc_ leH I qecao nra! PerynTarrlr a oTPrqorereH, lou,lofo To yBerrqoBo uJoficoBeTe 3(l rlotlioTo nPoeKTxPoHe. HrKo, qocax,{Ho BltnPxell nPxH. ql'nl' ioaoT no-cKopo ao cToHol flPe'4Ko, ot_

KOnKOIO AO OKOTBOI nO OrJl. TO6n. 6 OHO eArBO TOBO. rlrPBltr BOpXOHT e ltectBlPuleB nPoe(r rio ctoHAoPTxcl cKonor Ho tlrro rontioro nPearircrso, qe BrlyorHo e nPrnfiqeH no (boPl.o.

npoeKroHTty rioyqoBo Heqo iq eprotoihtro nPI nPOeXtt'poHe xo r!HArKoaoPHoro yctPoictio rl ycsorBo nPosxnoTot cnoPea xoxfo (TPesnoiHr!Te)) Tpr680 AO Ce X,6irBOl, HOPrlrPOHrtrd rPf,6Bo aq 6rAor porpeurrnr,r B He 'rPi6Bo ao

SrAqr iHoro Ho 6pai. Cnee roao roi cb3aolo BTOPTT BOPXOHT, r(Oifo He e nPIBrqeH I HtiO

earHcr'ao Ho ooploro. Toso eBefiTyonBo ce (oPrrxPo, (oKro e noxo3oHo B rPefrt toproHr'.

Xrnotelo.ro, qe rperrrt aoproHf e no-ao6tP or aaoTo apyrr, }loxe ao ce Aoroxe cono Bt3

ocsoBo Ho ao6PoxoqecTsaHocfTo Ho +rryPo'ro,

(or,o

H(r cBoi peA ioxe no 6rae o6raHeHq coHo qpe3 TepfillHtil-e No reulorTnarxonorlrto -

KOHrr,tHtol,trer, npoaToro

x eaxHcrBo

(KooKo,

1935 r.).

hlnontsoHero Hq noadHr o6crpofi, x Hano_ aoBoul{ ce Ho KonlliecrBeHo onPea€rleHhe noHtTl,t, tttoxe Ao ce onPoBAoe cotlo, KoloTo cao-

6oaqlo xo apoeKtrpoleio Ho urtaltKoroPl{x yclpoiclBo 8e e nPexoHePHo orPoHnqeHo oT HdutrHHo.ro

rtAerre rnr oT

uKoHollllKoTo, rnrl

l I

nocneaoaoTenHol, oT aBefe. xorolo lfilo Bt3r.roxHocr !o yTBbpxaoBoHe npl,l xoHrporlripoHr! ycnogrr. BrAosele gHArxtapoul, ycrpoiaTso, l(okro orroBsprr Hoi-ao6p6 Ho Telx ycnosrir, co ctotriqHrire nlTHtiTe tHoqx l,l Herep6on. HrTe cr Boflr. -

o io

7. 3qxnloqellxe

l. nporxrrpoHeto Ho ltHArKoropxlt yctpoi. l'H.r.IXq[t € OnPOIAONO AeiHOCr C OrneA axoPocTro, r,rxoHoniqHocfro, o no8rxoro aopli GTBO nO

\ (,

HO e,leTOHTHOCI'iOr CTIrO:

o) tHTyfiqxr'ro Ao 6rAe flo!(peneHo or npox-

TIgeCKm OnXT HO nPOe*tOHTO KOTO noape.

6xrer; 6)

tot,

Ao 6DAa

HOqrH' HO yrBtPXaOBOHe, XOIIO rOrOT AO BOPrPOt Ot nPorpoirrPoHrr eKcneP&neH.l ao xrnorlaoHero Ho t(oHiponex lrnpocHl,rK. 2. Honxlle e eAHo ceprr oT npoel.toHncKx noA-

xoah-oa (PoiHoto BrrioxHo6: ro[oqaoHe or oyHKqrrte ho rlor.lrr4HHrTe ,laenxr x po!npeAenrHe Ho xHtlopHoqrt Mexay certBHhre

Koxontr Ao Apytoto KpoiHocr: ronoqloHe or rlx+opioqrtrd, Notro rarctlo onepdroplT, Ao 3(IBTPUJSOXe

HeTo

Hectcreiorx{eB ng clulearlo noAxoA npororrponrpor crcreiHo oocpeJlcTlon

BO CBOTTO pA6OrO

n \

nPOekYnPO-

xo nP&6opuTel' nrlHlrrTq Ho BlorioAei-

/vw\

crare flo clorBaleH HoqrH.

l43BearHo ahcteho. Tflqxo xoi6rHrpoFe Ho lieloaonorrrto ro npeacToBrHe Ho nPo6ne rre l/l to aex8tqec{rre

neroa, !o porpeuroBoHe Ho npo6neisre (5ei. r!rH, 1967 r.) o6qo B3eio 5r a,ono e$erruexo

peuJeHre Ho eArH npoel(ToHTcxrl npo6nei Bra Bpr,r(o c xHArroioptqro yc.lpoictBo.

3. flpoeKrrpoHero, ocHolo o r.ro o6qrle npnHqHnl,l Ho roBeuJ(oTo noleaaHre, ocoSeHo to Br3nPrttreTo, c BtlltoxHo, Ho e TpyaeH npoqea/

Koiro nporrrro xoi-4o6pe, Koro,o hrrto, xaBoullt ol

(rl

la-

|tIHr-

rontio cro6oAo io npoeK. lrPoHer 5e! {rloncoan oTpoHrqeHr xoroto e Honrqe HeoSxoAllroTo excneprxro, ToBd

TP' rIlTPOKll rOreroprx e yao6e Hoql,rtt to onl(Bole Ho o6qoTo o6nocn Ho ro HtMo o5conpfHo ocHoBoHre. h!6oprT Ho HoPo3Aenrse Hq

Ho aeicTgre rue 3oBr{cr oT oco5eHoTo cx-

Tyor.lx,

qecTo nL.lk

orpoHrqe.

llouJrHtaoTo ,:raeIle, co

ilcuHt/tr Koroyo rlt{o

'rrHx

1-t

)

qc nPeacroinrao

eAso

Koi6rHotlrr ot lcrqK, Trx. EAIH cxcreieH noAxoa, or koiro tl ao e !xa, He 6, fiorur ao

.rt\ /vw\

.,@

l''l

rotl ,-!

^A @

^h @

otae

Ar.olH rc .raqo rn6ro ra Ynpdlrcr,€ Eo +p€riaurx. ftod.ao.ar.rtsx nDoie{, ! ar.aix. iq c*ororq d) H.eoets npoe$ 6) trpo.xr tro .rcn.hrdpHxr€ yxGnHrr xo cproxonrrro .) oo nprr'rrn,rc io trcp'rcn-

onPoBAoH

(oHoHrqecr|i 3(r rlr(ol, y8rl-

KOnHr rl,tl.l nPocTtt nPoeKt, Ho ,HArKoToPHn ycrpoiitruo, Ho or apyro cTpoHo, 30 noBeqeTo

texHonorrqHtl clicTellll floHocaoiulen e 8enPo+ecfioHonHo Aq ce Pa3Peu, nPoeKtnPoHero HO r,rHArrKOtOPHO yCTpOiCYso AO 6t4e rperUpOXo t(olo chBcex cflyqoeH xoa. ToBq e soxeH ocneKT B o6qqr npo6ren No cr4creiHoro npoeKTxPoHe. (a)

(r)

, i,?,].a

i . \ ,r 'r I r ', / r I

..')\ i :tt,,.'. to

o | '/,'

nprHqxn, Ho npoeKt,lpoHo Ho cEBl'ect{lloctTo 1. KoioHAHrre oproHl. 30 ynpoBneHre, r.e.

oPro8[rer Kor{Ior nPrBeaeHr a aBllxeHne, nPeao ce c,rygn Heqo Ho l.lotugHolq ,nl,| ao rPecloHe Ao ce crygaci co nocroBeH, no nPorexesle Ho aecBnfe IAonHx kPonulo.

an3Br.r(Bof

2. CeneKTrBHxre oproH, 3(r ynpoBnenlle,

.Te3tt, l(ol,tTo onPeaentT aBl4xeHrtTo

qeHoro

15/

s P$ynrof

hn,

T.e,

non'/-

nocor(o Ho aeiiciBle nPn

HOTTCKOHe HO KOiOHAeH OPrOH

3(l ynpOBrlelrre,

no nPofexeHre Ho ,lesrt xPoi. 3. OproHrre 30 ynpoBrleHre co polaeneHr xoPl,r3oHTOnHO nO rPynr, B roBl,rcrHocl o roBd

nocTqBeHs

KOt Aarxeulo '{oct Ho ttoultaHolo e g(nKrqeHo. 4. hrnonleot ce croHAopfltx cxrBonr 3(r xHcrpyieHTorH[ rourrHr,r. rl!6rlBoi ce nrcoHlTe xHclPyKrlr,,x.

5. nfiHeiHxre axorpo r,r co onpocreH, AoKonKOTO e Bt3lrOXHO l,l CEOTHOUeHTeTO XeXAy oProHo !o ynPoMeHre x axorPo,rolo e ,cHo ,l Heo6rpKsou.lo.

6. PolAenrHero to GceAHx opaoHu 3(l ynpoBneHUe, npoeKtspoHero 8(r ckonrre x nP. HO ePrOHOllIraHlre npIHqInr.

(.)

otroBoPrr

IPOMI4UIEHATA ECTETI,IKA B ftDP YAK

62.00'1.2:7.0s (430,1)

flper neprogo xexAy ntpBoro

cB€loBHo BoiHo

rraaoHero Ho +ourrlro xo anocr feprcule 3oeioue qenHo rtcro B cBero B o6nocl-to Ho xyAoxectBeHoyo npoe(rrpoHe. CneA 1933 roAhHo, xororo <6oyxoyo 6eu,re 3oKpxrtl (Bepx-

yrlruloxur, oprofirrxporao aei- rolll o6nocrBcrko Hocr B 5e npexporeno. Coro s oraenHl,l npeanprrTlt, rnoBto B crrxnopcRoto, 6yt a>

nopqeroHoaoiorl ne6enHoro npoirr!!reHocr! oqenennre BLrnrroHrqrl ho Eoyxoyi po6orexq

KOl'O XyAO,(Hrqr-npoexrqHTr, Cn€A Kpo, Ho BToporo cseroBHo BoiHo, yanoPeaHo c nxxBr4rpoEe Ho po3pyxoTor Bb3cloHo-

atPonrriineHocI.rqll c,lnr3oHeto Ho 3ono4xo Fepronlr Ho cBeioBHn, norop, xIAoBtBOHe HO

xecTBeHoTO npoeKTrpoHe sono9Ho ao nprAoorBo Bce no-BoxHo SxogeHIe ftoTo cpeacTEo 30 POlUrrPrBOHe HO T3HOCO HO npoFruneio npo-

ayxqrr. npe, 1951 roAuxo SyHAecroftr PeuJeHre

(6 l'Hrepec Ho

HOCTTO HO

npre

KoHKypeHTHocnoco6-

npol||l.lllnexocito l,t loHorTl4ire) ao

noAnonoto act,tlK', ycunuu, (Kol,tTo lloroT ao

oclryprr roi-4o6po ooplro Ho Hencl(rre riAenur>r. Crc cluloro peLleHxe ce npenoputBo

ao ce cBAoAe CtBer no npoxfiurneHo ecrerr(o xoto HeAlpxoBHo oproHr3oqrl. B noioul Ho To3l{ c}Ber 6eure o6pGy6oH <DoHA 30 posarrlle HO XyAOXe(TBeHOTO npoekTXpOHe.

Ctrnocxo ycroeo ClBerrr no npo

liuJneHo

ecleTIXo Itloule 30 IOAOIrO: AO npOnOrOHAXpO nPrHqrnrTe Ho xyaoxecTBeHoto npoel(rllpo8e B c+eprre fio npoilruJneHocrro, 3(lHorrrre, _rproBrrro , cpeA norpe6nrer{Tei po crAeicrByao lo potaxTlero 80 xyaoxeaTBeHoTo npoeK'rfiPoHe; Ao aoBo KoScynToqxr 8o nPoarTen-

craolo l,r arPxoBHrTe yqpexaeHrr; ao noArorB, k3rox6r, KoHxypcn; ao Aoso

KOHCyntOqt!,l HO XyAOXeCTBeHO-nPOe(TOHTCT(' oProHr6qqxx I Ho otaenH, nPoexloHTl,l, oKst-

nOiOUl 3 TTXHOTO AeisOCr; AO OXOTBO BnrrHre clpxy npo{ecroBonxoao o6yqeHte Ho BOHe

CrBerrr poiBt,l uxpoxo aeiHoct BlB lcrqKr re,t,l fiqnpoB,|eHrr. E4lrx or nplreprre e porpo6orKoto Ho (porKo ltircrpyxqlrr 3(r oqeHKo Ho

npoHllrrfl,leHrTe

rtaenut o'l no3rqrrre Ho nPo-

rrr.lreHoro ecTetn(o, r(otro e

nrpltrt

no Poao

cl{ aox).l.'eHT B caeToBHoTo nPofiTINo. B rnctpyxqraaro noxpoi Ap)rroro co ,35poall (Mr,tHltHonHrTe rlrcKBonrr, Ho r(oxto tpr5Bo ao oyroBop, eAHo nporxure|o ,3Aerxe c Ao5po

At4XvP A.

't. . *qn,r@,Mi 8HrrT3,

ne.@a or .A{roiH

cr,{..(ri.tpoxox,. lt6B..

TexHrxo-e6eTrqHo PotHrqe): o. To rpr6Bq Ao QyHKr.ll,roHrpo 6elynpeqHo, B croTBetc'rBle c npeaHotHoqeHxeto ct; 6. Oopnoro iy rpr6Bo Ao orro3opr io xopoxTePO HO XOHCTPyKTISHTT nOTePrOn, OT XOillO

nPo[tBeaeHo;

Oopl|oro rpi6Bo ao otroBop, Ho oco6eHocTxTe Ho nPor3BoacTBeHoTo xy TexHororrt; r. O6qorq Hy oop o rpr6so Ao llrpoirBo nlreAB.

HO!HO9eHrero, XOHCTPyT(iXBHr,r' nOTepront,l nPOt!3BOACTBeHOIO teXHO,IOT$f ; a.30 rlaenxr, TrcHo cBlp3oHr,r c qoBeKo, rEPo-

rnrentocrro Ho {opHoro rpr6Bo Ao <e oqeitBo oco6eHo sr.rcoxo.

andpor Axo6.H (lrlcioxopAArsrr.d.i l( 60r. lta9 Bor+ro8. A.nor riSX

T.rrrmo to Aoiqxrxcxx

Hyx-

['lponoroHAoro Ho npofir,rurneHoro ecyear(c npx406t,l ronrr po3nox B fOP. fornHo BHhtloHne 3OnOqHOXO AO

OTAenrT BCXqKk

6n lKX

AO nPO-

r'llruineHrre KPlroBe oproHn Ho ne'{oTo. no BpeMe Ho neProarqlfliTe nonoxPx B xoHo- ctrcteroBep, OpoHk(l),pr, MroHxeH I Kuonx, TrqHo ce npoBexaor x3rox6, no xyAoxecrBeHo npoeKTr!poHe.

gr!Hv(Hoxoronrt,1 6poi 06qecrBeH, oproHxloqrr, o6eArHeHxr Ho npoMrtl/neHrq! t,l Ap., Korro ce loHrfioBoT c ,lnor3yBoHeTo Ho xyAoxecloelro-

nPoe(TqHrcKITe efoal,t. florarxo ce o6eArrexxr Ho npoirxuneHrl (Drpttlr,

(, nOCTOB'T 3(l 3OAO9O AO nOBItlJdT l(OH_ KyPeHftOCn0(06HOCrrCr Hq CBOiTO nPoAykqrt qP$ rlnonlyBoHe ieToar.,Te Ho xyaoxecfBeHoTo npoeKTxPoHe g cbBiecaltoto PeKnoHo Ho lf3KOl,lTO

,qenrr xoTo o6Potq, Ho (ao6rP ar3oiH) <<Dep5yn4xpoi:> (o6eataHeHue Hq 8 s3BecrHrr

Mrx.ep HR-Cr.raopr Eo..p, , cr.

tr67

+rpr!r,r, B Toso r'ircno (EpoyH), ,KBor1-hHTePHo-

Epoya,

q,!oxor), <n+o{), (Po3eHion) ll gP.), (AB-

a.l3oiH)) (B Korr'o Bnx3or 18

npo

r,runeHu

6rPr|r),

(Tpyno 21). O6earsergero (oep6yHAxpoir3,

rllo

co6crBeHo noarorHHo v3nox6o (OoPt oqBrT-nPoxSBoAcrBo), oProHxsraPo csr.tocToiTe,1eH noBrnroH r{o Polnsqxr{ iexayHoPoatrx nqHorpu. Hopocrsoutxrr xHTepec (rH au3o;Ho E fOP aoBeae ao ,aneHur c ABotK xopokreP. OT eAHo ctpoHo, rlrupoKoro x nocneAoBorenHo

nPrnoroHe Ho HeToarTe Ho x)raoxecTBeHoYo nPoeKTxPoHe norBonn B Pearqo cnyqo, ao ce crlaoae oaopTr eHT oT npo xrureH{ I3aenrt, KOIITO AO TOKOBO CteneH Ce OTnIqOBOT C BIICO'

nonyqoBor cBeroBHo nPr3HoHne. or 4pyro npoHrurneHxlliTe, 3(lao yBerlrqor nnoc. eHto t{o cgorTe r3aenrt. Hoto qecTo,lnonryBor peuoir{r.r norytrx 3<r (Kpqcoro Hq +op. tloro) x xynoxecr6eHo-npoe*roxrcxo mpo6otxo oco6eHo 30 l43Aerrr, l(orfo Aoneq He orroBoprr

clpqss,

HO ,l3ICl(BqHUtTO HO npoir,tLlneHOTO eCTeTIKO I.ln, co nprl.1ep 3cl qrcro slnr.Irxo o$opr{rrencrao,

BtB spalKo c roao ionoaHorep oHcxoro

cnri.

coHxe (DoPtl> n[uJe: (CTpeiexrrr Ao ce a!AeicrsyBo ro po3npoctpoltrsoHero Ho npot1rulneHhTe t134en,!, c Bltcor(I texHlKo-ecTeTrqecxat xoqecTBo l1Mo tlaeoneH xopoKTep, Ho c Hero ce 3floynorpe6rso c rlproBcxo qen. Bcr(o nofloxuTenHd oqeHko Ho KdqecTBoro, Ho Ko€To ,t ao 28

e u3aenre, BeaHoro

ce nolxBquto

l.1

[3flonlyBo oT

fipn re3x ycnosxr crpeHexrr Hs nporpecnB. HuTe A€;q, HO 3OflOAHOTeP}IOHCKH' Ar43OiH AO Br4ArT B XyAoxeCTBeHoTO nPoexTrPOHe (8e

cor4o cPeacTso 3(r sls6yxeoHe xenoHre KrH

noKyn(o,30 noPoxaoHe Ho Bce no-HoB[ noTpe6Hocr, r,r 30 clAeicTBle Ho r3Hoco, Ho, cTPeMextT l, l ao Bt,laiT B HeTo cotllohHo tl coqHor,oruqecl(q cTPoHo) cx ocToBc yTourt. Ho scexu ronrr floHolip ce noiBrEor HoBlt no4eJl

I, l(orlo

lr3r!ecTBoT

r,tHororoal,l rr.rHrTe. Ho-

BHTe o6po3l.I,r, cr3AoBo8, Ho6rp3o HO KOHKyPeHTHOTO 6OP6O, He

floA

HoTr,rcKo

SUflO

xoBo-l Heo6xoaxt'trTe ecTetlqec(u

nprTeKortecTio.

OT Apyro crpoHo, Te qecro ce npxcaoco6rBot

(6h

ce3oHHr1e HenocTorHctBo Ho xoaoTo, I x3rct(BoHMrTo Hc nPoMrrllneHoro ecTeTrKor aoxe B oHe3, cnyqo}l, KofoTo cToBq BrrPoa !o ,rlAenrr, nPeaHo38sqeHl,l !o nPo4rrxNTerlHo r!non3yBoHe. HqrIqe e noApoxollse Ho HOAePHflre qtlepIKoHCKI o6Po3qr. 3Ho,rrTeneH HeaocToTbK tio lon oaHore Prc H :K1,, t ax3o;H KoTo qino e oTatcTBxeTo Ho co6crBeHo cneq,!(DrqHo nfi qe, (,fl{alBxayonHo !{oTo>, aoscT3eH noqePK, o qecTo ti oTctcTBrleto xo l/llrqeaTBo

yu{!P6 Ho

B l(OHCtpy(TraHr!Te PeuJeHqr.

HopeA c roao xoi-Ao6pnre o6porqu Ho SonoAflo:epioHaKr, ArloiH ce ornrqoBor cbc 3oBlpureHocr, crporoc noKoHr.rHocr Ho +opnoao, noroxrrenHo qepro Ho 3<tnoaHorepHorcr(r, AHroiH e ufipoKl,rrr Alrono3oH Ho AeiHocT Ho

xyAoxHUqrre-npoeKToHTn.

XrHokoi.po Hxqo S

AKo npe3 n!pBx,

eTon Ho PosBnfrreTo Hq cneABoeHHffi al,tsoiH (4C-re ro4rxu) Te ce 3(IHrrroBoxo arroBHo clc cbsaoBoHeTo Ho AoHouJH, noTp96r, 6l,1108 nop-

qenoH, aTrKro, npr6opr, e6enl/l 30 xrnru]HI norreuteHrr, Thr(oH14, npe3 sropr, eron (50-Te roahHr)

crc cr3aoBoHelo xo

xoHqenopcr(o

ll€6en, ereKapcypeAr, 6rToBo poAroonopoTypo, 6nroer r,rourxlr, npe: 60-te roaxrx B cQeporo Hq a[3oiHepckoTo po6olo lonogHoxo 4o

Hq-

Bnq3oT BtB BCe no-roneMr HOqO6X CpeAarBO 3(l nPor3BoacaBo: cTpyroBe, lex(fi roL!rlrr, nrTHocTPOXrenHa{ croP}xeHrr. ronr}t rBTePec nPea-

fiosniBoT Po6oTnre Hq 30noaHorepHoHcxl,lle AraroiHep, B 06,1ociTo Ho npoe(trpoHeTo Ho cPeACTBO

O6qeCrBeH YpOHCnOPT

nnOBO"

iicro a 6 roP ce o+opnHxo aBo Brrrne4o.Ar3oiHepxTe or cToporo

30 3oAoqrre Ho AriorHepo

l.'

nPoMrrurleHoTo npox3BoacTso

H€rosoro

AH.rrrG{ir.€tx, Ayry.r Coyrep Xf

Ere(rooHrd !l,r

Pexe{iau,Hcn

noKorreHue (Hoflp{hep

yqxnrrr B Eoyxoyr B. BoreH$era) cftrToT, qe npl,l cr34oBoHeTO HO npocTl, B tex}itaqecKo oTHOUJeHIe floeatle1s 3(1 tiJrDoKo

noTPeoneHxe

InloiHepoT 6oxe 4(l t{rro perJJoBrl,lrHre Blpxy irXtiOTO KO'leCTEo , flo,$HOcr. B MoLITHOCTPOeHeTO I B ApyrrTe npo|lratu,leHfi oTpocnu, Ktaelo ce nporlsexaoT croxHr,r ioulrHl, u ypeau, aoi ,rpr6Bo Ao ce BOUIO

orPoHxq, c porrrTo Ho (oHcynToHr no xyaoxecT-

X,Apo.nrq.F 5.rep R t1l

aeH{Te Blnpocu, 6e3 Ao 6rAe HenocpeAcrBeH

ytocTrirK B flpoqeco Ho /cnopeAHo

npoeKTrpoHeTo.

c roEo o6o,{e, xororo

A,troiHcpure

s T(DP 3onoqHoxo Bce flo-qecro po BrndoT yqocThe B cr3aoBoHeTo Ho l43aeIffi oT ioLlJtaHo" crpor4TenHoro, npu60pocrpoxrenHoro u Apyru noAo6H{ tlorlhHr.r, oTpocnrr ce (!op rpo Ap/ro rneAHo roqKo, Korro lonoqHo 6rp!o Ao ce po3npocrpoHrBo. Heixrre npretpxexa,ql,| cHrror,

qe c+epoTo Ho Ar,r3oir{epcxoTo AeiHocT

l,3nr3o

aoneq 3oa poflKrTe Ho npoeKTxpoHeTo Ho

He-

cnox8u o6ektk riflll fio <xyAoxecrBeHoro xoHcynrrpoHer. Te ce sxnrcqsor B npoekrrpoHero

CtOPt)(eHr' l. HO eneKtPOHHolc rexHrKo u 6e3 Ao ce orpoHl'toBor clc 30Ao,rlr or OophoneH xopoKTep, ,oArn6oqeHo HO nPot'a.tUJIeHrT',e

Tbpcrr peureH{rro Ho npo6neHl,l, cBlp3oHg

noTPe6xTenckrrelr el(cnnooroqroHHrre KoqecTBo Ho re3l,r l13.qenrr, c rrxHoro koMooprHocr u r.H. Aeisocrro Ho Ax3oiHep{Te, Kol,|To npepo3rneaoxo npoaykqfirro Ho (bl,lp oTo (6poyH> e rpbx nPtxep 3o ToBo. [1pe4n noae,re or '10 roAsHll cpoBHl4TenHo He-

rontMoTo 6rpr1o (6poyH), KorTo npo}l3BexAo

6uroao po4roonoporypo, 6{T08,

r,r

x/xHelcxl

Kot(Tol, +oror€xHrqecxx npxHoAfiexHocrx, nprAo6l,l cBeroBHo riiBeci{ocr 611oror.lourr,!Hrr

8o B,rcoKl.lTe TexH&9ecxll, eKcntrooToLll,loHHtil,l ecTeTgqeck[ koqecTBo Ho cBotTo npo-

aoPeHre

AyKqrr. Oy i955

r. Ao 1965 r.

npoAox6uTe

OrpHoio npeatpxo

HopocHoxo noBeqe

or 4 nt

,irpyno Epoyan c +rnuofllr s cAtq.

" opdHqrrr, lllBeqrt, lllBei' irosr.rr, Kosoao. qopnr, (DrHroHAxr, AoHxt, XonoHAu, n 14c' 5-bp3xra ycnex Ho +rpMoro 6eue o6ycnosel nocneaoBoTenHoro n3nrnHeHle rio nPorPoxoro 30 criAosoHe Ho HoBu o6Poltlr,l BlB ocHoBo

HO nOCYk)l<eHl,lrTo

HO C]BPeMeHHOTO nPorrr!_

neHo ecrerrKo. To3, po6oro ce Bopeue noa P}(OBOACTBoTO HO rnOBHlfi Alr3oiHeP HO +UP'

Foro p-P Opuq AfixneP. 30 nPoeKrlrPoHe Ho x3aenrtro 6txo nPsBneqeHI nPeno,]oBoreflu I B!3ntroHrtlh Ho yn cKoyo Brcue y'lrnrule )o xyaoxecTBefio npoeKTr!Pose Xoxc Xyrenor,

TH EoHcxnreAfirep Poxc, PeiHxonA Boic, Prxopa Ouuep u Po6ePr O6eP):oiH. !HlonHepxre sonoqHoxo nPernexAoHeTo 8o 6rp,.,ieHoro npoAyKqrt or rnearule Ho 6!ae_

Lr.lff noTPe6rTen (PosytlHr,!tT E HoPHOneH ,roBeK, koiTo Por6l,lPo KoxBo e ,tcTrlHcKo xo_

(npocTo, 'iecTso) t4 uo HeroBolo xqnxqe - yPeA[Te, BKyc o63oBeAeHo, yAo6Ho !t ylorHo>.

nPeaHo3HoqeH, lo T9KIB 9OBeK, Cnope4 rrx Tpr6Boue Ao 6rAor HeHorPonBoulx ce noMou.l_ Hrqx Ho qoBexor o He kpeqrulx Bl4TPxHHr,l o'rpr6yrla.

3 pe3ynror or

npoBea€Horo npoe(roHTcKo

Po_

5oro, (orro npoatnxoBo ri cero,6eue crrAo_ :eH ocopTxieHT of uraen$A, B(rto'tBou.ll,l Kor{_

nn€xcx r,r oraenli, BllaoBe 6kroso dnoPoayPo x ctopbxeHrrr (orTo ro 06Doleq Ho nPoBxrlHo xrn6nryaoHe Ho xyaoxecrBeHo-nPoefiofltal(rTe reroAfi. l43Aenrrro Hq +nPlroro (6PoyH, ae

YH{!€pconxo Op..xourrd sHw-NFzi ti59

Uj..6. X6rex!.pxc

Bo.epor.brx..H rxOx

or,ltlqogoT c noaqePfol{o nPocToTo H(t cTrlno, norxqHo noapeaeHocr rl(l KornollqnoHHlte PeueHrr, oproH&qHo sP!!(o fiexay +opHoTo, (oHCTpyr(qxrlo n yao6cTgoTo nPll e(cnfloo-

l4aerre Ho alr!oiHepkre, npep03rneAont'

npo-

ayKr,lr4rro Ho 6kpMoTo (6PoyH)), co MHoro 6rr!!Kr,t 40 KOHqenqXrTO XO YnuCrOrO BxCr,I,le yqunxu.le 3Cr XyAOXeCTBeHO nPoekrl,rpoHe, kOeTO nOBnr, He coHo slpxy 3onoanorePHoHcKl.t, AnroiH, ho tl BlPxy ArroiHo Hd APyrxre cTPoHk . Bnxr-

HUeTO y Ce 3OCllrlBO BCe noBeqe 6noro4oPeHve

nopro req rerelr&p 1t68

15,

Hor{€ro+or (Yx.p, .op.o, t96'

TpoxcioHrryrotop A€ror5,

Aeior"qy. rnsx

<Daro(oi.po < orpat qqo Ponot+rGic S 26' tr68

qe (lAXrOHr4te Or ynHql nPrHq,lns Ce noakPenrl o1 ycner!HoTo nPoexToHTcko aeiHO TOAO,

HOCT HO nPenOAOBOTennTe

l/t

CTyAeHTrle

rn{ qero. Tpr6so Ao ce or6erexx, qe B cBotro aeiHoct yv

Ynxcroro y.rrnrqe cpeqo peAsqo npentlct'r,

o.. (lrHoHcos x oAMxHr<fpoTrBeH xopo(teP, nPrqrHiBo|{ |ly oT 3onoaHorepioHcrtte BrrocTr. He cnrPoY I HonoaKrfe Ho PeoKquor{Hx, ne'{or cPeqy yqrarrqero. ToBo e aBrP3oHo c npoTPecrBHrTe BrrrneAl{ Ho Peafiqo nPenoaoaofe,Ix g y9nnxlqeTor xoTo B lHoqrtenBo cTeneH ce (bl,lHoHcxpo 3(r afieTKo Ho aboHro, cr3AoAeH B noMer Ho

qHTrsduxcfxre 6por { cecaPo ll,lorr,

y6r or xr

ep[aT,ire.

ABAAECET

AHli{ B

l/{TANll4,N

YAK 62.(xri.2:7.05 (45) B MxnoHo e cbapeaoroqeHo oaHo6Horo qoar or ,TonvoHcxotol,liaycrPl,lr. ToM TP'6BOUJe Aq Ce cPeujHei c Hrt(o, x3lrexay 8oi-rllecrisre xy_

iO ufo,ny-t. Ho ynrqo <<6ororraon N9 45, reAone,{

AO)KHIT.U-nPOeKYOHTI.I

o_r qeP

kBo'ro <Santa Maria della GraziD, Ktaero ce Hoir,rpo npoqyroro To;Ho Beqept Ho neo. HopAo ao BrHqx, ce HoHrpo ADI-Acoqroqrr Ho rlronroHcKrTe akloiHepr, llonKo noHeqeHre, crl060 ocBereHo, nPeatnl(oHo uJKo(Dose. nocpeqo Hl. cexPeroPrr Ho Aco' qHoqxrro-A-p PeHqo (Dyxorons. Kportt rene'

tboxer porroaop opx. Cepaxro Acrn ule grl - ,roco. np!{exe yrpe s 11 flocpeqo xn nprEernxso. Ho Hotulre nlPEtl aenoox Brnpoc{ orroBoPi xPoaxor tcHo. 3(! xoHeHT notneatT tty ce otaorerroBo, cToBq POraerH. roBopx 3o crcrorHrefo Ho xyaoxecr'

BeHoio npoekfl.tpoHe s UTonnt, ao Hllcl(rt Bxya, HePO!6rpoHe, 30 TPyaHoatITe, Kol,lTo cblqecTByBOT, 30 POnrTd HO XyAO,l(Hn(O-nPOexfollT B cbBPeieHHoTo o6u{ecTBo, (orko e tpyAHo ao

He oY ouJrHo. MHoro.e rPyaHo rtqtno ao ce nPoireHu earH nPeat|el. Toi B,HO HoC'[ HeUIO

ot aaoporo r Heulo HoBo-Ko3Bq Ac"x.-o n arlaoaeHxte npoekrr He BrHort{ t oToT ao ce ocrrqecTBrT TOqflO no HoAe'lq' npeaaoprrenHrre nPoyqBoHht, Korro nPos' ro araeireto, co B;Horu iHoro loAtn6oqeHu,

CePAXXO

noctrrHo Heulo HoBor xHTePe'Ho' oplrrHonHo BtB ooP oro, B ltoreprono xn'g B

3(r AO MOrO AO

TexHollolLtTo.

O6xKtoBeHo Htxot (DrPllo ,ltlo uHTePec Ao rbPol s onDeaeneHo o6nocT, HoBo (boPro, rorePron' 3ono;eHo Hopxo n r'H. Toso co nPo6nex,. xouro r.raxor Hosr,r pgr,ieHxi, ToroBo rt ce o6Ptulo K! onpeaereH xyaoxHxK.nPoe(ToHT'C l(OrOTo c*nloqBd aoroBoo. B loBxcrtloctoT nDo6rlellxre' Kol'iro crorT npea aoAeHo rPyno oT xoPo ce nocTOBrT r,! 3oAoqrTe !o PeLUoBoHe. A 3oaoqrTe cq |lHOrO l, potH006Po38r,r

HOMgqecKr, e proH APy

x3rcKBOT COl.lr,lOrlOTrqeckrl, l.l(o_ ot1l,l

eck

I, ncl,lxororrqecK,

nPOyqBOHr.lt.

TPt680 Yroaoperoro Bpexe orAoBHo e xrHono yroBoPrxe HoBo cPeqo- !o cnea_

BKyco, (ynTyPoto. h3BeAHl,K Ce cenBo, HenoBko ae ycHrxBo: Croxox eaao nr He oflocron. -r]oKolBo Hr aso npoexro, Ho neponHo fiouxHo { TeneBr3op- Ho(er B i!or.qo6 1:1. MokervPoHo

AO ae Po3penxtl.

e c Hol(noH,cLc crBcen onPocTeHo HxxenxPoHo PO|IKO UO rtO(O, {On!nHO lexHonoTvqtlo, ao. xoro npexoarT Mexay oTBoPo|. Trrloio e nnocrHqeH. SyroHttre, nocrogeHh B l{l.ltllo cbc c6o-

6un ocrcrerr no xrnru,tuo o63osexaoHe. EauH or ocHoBoreirre xo ADI r g n|oHeHTo qfleH Ho

ce noBnurr!

e cd o JrrqeaoTo cTPolo no nePonHtTo, KotTo

6oarlq Qopno, cc t(oHycosxar{r, oqBereHt,t B nPrrTcH ler€H qBra. Ao okoHgoteflHx, npoe(T

cTfiro, xor_oTo Brpxy r(oHcTPyKTIaHx, cxener Ho frou,I, ]oTo ontBo nop'{e enocTrqeH nnoT, 30 ao

nony,{n Hoi-ecrecrBeHrr nPexoa iexay aBere {optr. To3v Heroa ce tr3non3yBo qeclot,t or !pyrx rTon{oHcK, Ar,r3oiHepr. l'1ot<errr ro renesr,opo e or epru o6eli. E)/ToHrTe co nocloBeHt,l B ABe B3olltll{o cB}P3oHl,!

Apxrre(T Cepaxxo Acrx e cTpoHr{o Kynrypo

npoeKToHT

I ronr o

Bce'

nPoQecroHonHo AeiHoca.3oBlpllrn opxxreKtyPo nPe3 1953 r' B MunoHakoro nor[TexHrKo, atnru roa]lHr e

HeiHX' yOPoBrifeneH crBeT'. B 1962 roallxo e npefloaoaon nPohl'lulnelo ecTerr(o B lllx3oyko no nokoHo Ho tnoHcl(oro nPoBriercrBo: neKToP no clu.loTo pncqxflnllH6 B Eopqenoxo srs Ooxynreao no oPxhreKrypo;

rronroHcr(u r(opecnoHAeHT no cn. <<Japon Yn_ terior Design); qreH Ho 6po!rrckoro ocoqroqri Ho Ar3o;Hepure. Yvocrayson e B HexAyHop_oAril,| n HotllroHonHtl ,rrox6H noprlx. Hlo l4oPK,

- flposl,ln e HrKonKo Moxpeon, Prr, MoaeHorr np. cor.locyorrenHl, KepoHr,!qHt' n3nox6l. yqocrByBo s xyprro. Po6orri no o+oPrneHrero Ho

Sopirr, s Hr,t!!o, Ao6pe fioHno3}rPoH[ tt nPonopqnoHrpoHu cnprfio qf,nofo Ttno. Co o HHoro rlHko lteronHq poxro cKpltso trr-

Hoxpr, opoHxr.lpo ulor{aoBe. npoexrnpo xrnnqH, fi o6qecyseH, arpoAy., eunr, rlHo tlHoro

cToTo Ho

ny6nrKor.trr,r

cBo6oAi{x

BPT3KOTO.

BrHoru Tor{oBo (bopiro,

(otro Ao Ho-

-Ttpc, noHHt 30 goBeko. qe e ctlaoaeHo oT

qoBeKo, o

no-

B r,rTorl,!oHcKrl ,r qyxAx cflr4coHl,tr' Ilonesrr 6sxo cpeqnre Hfi c Poaon(Do EoHero,

Ax3oiHep,

xoiro no

noAroroBKo

n reroA

Bt,I I.IAHOBA

npo6nertr

3Cl eA{HcTBo

Ho eyHt(qr.tr, rDopMo

T',exHorrort, noc.roBtT.

l,r

Sorero e nplgo6rn ronr onltt xoro npenoao-

Bore, B (Hochschule lur Gestcitung> _ a YnM npe3 196l-1966 r. Ho Blnpoco, xoi e l<psrepl,lsr 3Cl oqeHxo Hq KO9eCiBOIO HO AOAeHO

{3renhe. BoHeTo

oT-

ABTopnrerli,

nuqHoro oraoBopHoci, 06uleat-BeHOTO- nprsHoHl,le, koeTo npoekyoHTtt e nony-

qxn. L!3HoHreTO. nrgHOTO OTrOSOpriOC.' npea obqecTBoTo, Bxcor(oTd KynTypo co ropoHl,Il, 30 oHoBo, koero roi cr3AoBo. Heo6xoArro e c,lnHo nto6os KtH npo+ecrrTo, KorTo cl.1

n3-

. . Xy4oxrrxrr-npoexroHl Tpr6Bo Aq 6rAe Ho (y,Tyoo. Toi Tpr6so ao po3Bl,!Bo. ao noaArro (yntyPHo"o PoBHLqe-ToBo e ocHoBtioTo, Toso e BoxEoTo. r'lPorxuJneHoTo

HOCl1Terr

ecreT}lxo ule Hoxe ao HonPoBl,t xHoro 3o o6noroPOATBOHe HO CpeAOiO, TOBO He e BrO6Ule nPO6ner 3(l MoaoTo, osTorro6xno x T.H.! o Hyxaoto

40 6tAe[u o6cnyxsoH, Ao ce AB]rxrl!, Ao nreur noPoxao Heo6xo.qrlMocIfo o1 npeaHeTo. nPea. neibT e c6oP o.r HHoro koqecTBo. Heo6xoAuxo

e ronr o

llrioopHorlr,rr,

ro ao

)r6eArT npon3Bo4rrenr, ArpeKropr,!, xopoTor KOl.rTO rtloT BIOCT, qe nporl,luj,leBoTo ecteTl.lKo

poooro e eArH TOI{TI, CLC

Hon|<o.ro t ToflyoHc(r CBETOBHO T3SCCYHOCT.

npoex-

ly'xrepecer e HeroBurr xurHeH ,! TBopqeck flry, Ceupun a 4xoroe opKecrrp c ycnex, Ho llmon lo,ltHo BneqeHre ktM pycyBoHe Ho oB1ot4o6un{. Herogrrr glqo oBToH06rneH c}cre. 3ctTen, To noou,tPrBon x -npeacrosnn Ho BxHrne B TophHo, KoiTo ce 30Hr,rrloBo c nponlBo4crBo Ho_Kopocepr[, SoHero:onoqeo Ao pucyBo oEToHoorflu KoTo xo6r, nnHxH+oprHo sr,txA6 Heroaxre pficyH(x I ro noKoltBo Eo My crrpyaHrq, t,t aoBo onpeAenr HeroBoro 6!Aeu{e. ToKo 30noqBo xopllepofo Ho EoHeto koro coMocrorre,reH npoeKToHy. llo-xrcno po6orl c 6opre.rx x 6 pe3ynaor nprAo6tBo no3HoHr,tr t! rorrH on,ir B o6roct-ro Ho aexHolorrrro x MeroAxre Ho rHaycrPno/rHoTo npox3BopcTso. ToBo SoHeTo ctirro o6corloTtio rieo6xoAxHo 3(l aceK[ npoekTorir.

3Cl

SoHero reiHocrro Ho xyaoxHr,,(-npoeKToHT

ce rlSDorr8o B HOHTOOHe HO HeO6XOATHffi CXHTeTnqeH oTroBop Ho po3flxgHr4Te Hi)xAr,t, KOUTO 34

e Hec6xoaxMoaT Ho HolleTo sPehe. B M,lrroHo EoHero ,!r4o coMoc'torrerHo cryAr,to. Kororo peuoeo npoexrohrcxo 3oAoqo, nrpBofloqolHo HoxBlpnt oTAenHll c(rq!!. crea KoTo

ce y6eA, B qenecro6polaocrro Ho AopeHo pe.

uerr€,

nPoBll nPeqr3Ho PncynKo-qePfex, To9Ho ntTI Ce I3nSnHrBO OT

oPo3HePeHO, KOXiO qeCTO

HeroBu crTpyaHrqr. Koroto

Heo6xoar,tHo,

npeqeHrBo nnocrr,tLtuoro +opt'ro h koro peoneH o6eir; 30 qenro ynorpe6rBo oqBereH crlrponop.

Moxerrre ce r3ntnHrBot Hostx or

KorrTo

eAH,

rtloaenqnqu,

po6ofl or alnrl,l roarH l,t cfiiTo

Hoi-Ao6prlre. l]oaxoarr Ey e po3ntqeH B loBrcuiocr

or xo.

POKTePO HO 3O3OqOTO. BeAHT)K TlPCl,r qPe!

c HonxB, qPe3 LlBeTH, PrcyHKr, ePyr

MOKe

OT XOPTTT

,'rl,l

3cl

nrT-

akrql vPer

CTrponop. Tperoao cpeq<r npt,t xonoHAeqo AHApllc ooH OHK, KofiTo or n[ni& roArH, po6oix B l4Tonrrr.

9osex c ronriro npo+ecroHonHo Kyrrypo, arn6oKo c63toBor.q orroBopHocr-,ro al.t nptl peri]oBOH€

OTPOTTHOTO 3OAOqO, KOTTO ePOTO HO

Hoyr(o'ro l,l TexHrrgecKr, nPorPec nocToBr,

cMrTo,9e Pojlr.fo

Toi

nPoeKToHYo He ce orPoHl,t-

rroBo coHo 4o po3BrSOHe HO BeLle cruleaTByBo. llloTo ,t B 3OAOBOI|TBOHe HO OiOSHOTl,t Hyxaut.

ro3arTueTo

oocToHoa(or

e ct3aono HoB, crfyotlt.lt{, HoBo ro Koeio x),aoxHnKrT-npoekToHT

TPiOBo Ao cx 4o4e Toiltto oretKo. 30 BoH OHx Hoi-npoBxneH e HoyqHrry ireroA. XypoxHnKrTnpoexroHT Tpr6Bo Ao Ho6rroaoBo, Ao ctlaoBo,

r.r3r4c(ao

npoBeprBo.

Toi

.rpr6Bo

po!-

BrBo r.1eroArc rpeoqeHtBo8e croiHocrro to

,BieHrt,

t(oltTo aoaeTo ce cHtToxo

Herlieprir.

Cotlo no roiti xoquH ule ioxe Ao

BHeEe cBo, nPxHoc s (/nTyprioTo l,tcTopl4, Ho goBeqecTBoTo. 'Bopqeckrrr HeTop Ho BoH OHK e rBrp4e po!nuqeH or ro3fi Ho EoHero ( Ho Ap)rrrre npoe(_

TOHTT,

tttlOXlie At!Mo)l(tiOCTaO AO ae cpeurHeM. OrpoHn,reHrre Oop l, Tori c6exAo

l<OtlTO

reoMeTprqHli

oTellotukoao. HoBcr-

- no grcro orehsrrqecx, KtAe rrPcx {opryno ntr. Cnyxl cx corro c neprer, nrlHxr, Tp}l]r!n-

flpeA errre Moror Ao 6rAor cBea€Hl.r Ao -npocT[ reoMerpnqfi, rens Ko3ao soH oH8_ - o la T.H. cfepo, xy6, qxntHalp, npr3 OrroH Beqe PolrrrqHrTe loKprrneHxr, oTcegku qe 4OAOT HHOTOO6pGT!eAO HO AOAeHO +OpiO.

Toi BrHorl.l 3onovBo cla cepx$ro npoyqBoHe !o nPeAHeTo, '{l,tiro npoe(T peuJoso: B xo[ HorolnHu ce (ynyBo, oT KOIO, a koxBo xoIllt'{ecTBo. llpoea oxxero, 3ou.lo l.lHeHHo ro3r,! Bra Ee npea-

nogrro npeA Apyrur. |/,.no npeA BrA ctll{o

ncrxonorr9ecKtr u coltl,torrHm oofiop. Aoso H,l nprrep 3oTBopflxllti, t(orro ce oTxolonl,l ct cnyxoT c onpocTeHr, potlroHolH, npll. ao 'O boPrr touloto no Tolri Hor{IH ce cnerHonll !o y8[xeHr. crq}lTe npr6op, tllonr aoni lcnex npl' aPyro (oTetoPfi, norSre6ltejll. eoH OHl( Hl,r no*orBo npoexr, 3(r loKoqonx, !o

4Pexl.l;

CneA o6croiHo ,3cneABote Ho polnxqH[ie -araoBe uJrporllisI Ho poHefleTe I eaHo npe-

qrsHo Prcyxl(o no horypo, xoirpotl oHerx xpoiHrl Toqxr! or KorTo co o6po!y3oH, potleneTe, 30

ao noc?rrHo -loqHo teoHe.rplltxo nrHrt. np, nPoeKT{poHe xyxoTo

!OKOqOnXOTO yCTOHO-

xtae T, e fioi-rtraprxnllBo, to ao nocitrHo rloKo,trlonHo r(oct B eaHo $opro, xorro ce csrp3Bo c 1o3r,t 3oxoyon(o. Llaetoaete xo:o. srBOr.r

tBut< cm, Ho A. so\ MUWneHO

e.memuko,

OHK

e 6p.411970

.. Bo Knpo-

xo9orKlTe 3(l lrrxl<o o6ne(no npoB, po]nrqttll

oT Te!, 3O AO|ICKO. MrXX{re B y6r'r[, crBx, 6exoBlr, o aollcl<t4Te c l'loaHl,iTe qBeToBe Ho celoHo,

Korro creaBou.lrt ce3oi npoieHt B Hoatle tloaHt qaetoBe. vlronu,

o6qo Btero oHoBo, Koero ae o.I. -g aenr Prr(o or BllnpteroTo, c (oeTo BcrqM co cBrrororrt ce Br!nPyeilo TpyaHo x 60Blto. Bcxqxl,l ce cHrror aeqo Ho f]eoHopAo, Toll € -TPyAHOTO aree ce BoH oH(. Box Onx -anrory npoB, eaHo o6croiHo u npe. rl{3Ho arorpo}to 3o Hyxaoao ot npeaieTo, Trpce. Heio, croitoctTo, alrHoxHr4Te sopxoHrll , BC,9X5 XO

6tHoqlll XeXAy polnlqHrTe +opl,ll

y(Poco, KoTo TprrBo

or Hoi-npocroro 4o Hoi-

3o xoxao cryxl?

KoMy cnyxll? Koe ce npeAno'{rTo? 3outo? Toso ao alnpocrTe. Ho xor4To Box Oxx rupcr.r orroaop Br{Horr, npeA, Ao ,onog|re ao nPoexTxPo.

Hoi-6n[]x, ao crpyfiyporo

Ho Hourr, l.lexTtp

co 6ropoTo Ho +rpioro Onaaetr-4ae npoex.

TOHTCKI

6lopo a no uJecr npoexToHir, noa

BOACTBOTO HO

nPr3HOi'

SenUXn

OPXTTeKT{.

COrCOq

floxorgor rl B npocropHo noieuleHle HeT!',r 8O OpXrreKT

p.bl<o.

yTBrpAeH|/t

Ko6l!-

6enrxr. O6croxoaxoro

caeuo x npttTHo. B ctceac.rso Ino ronrfio

no'leu{eHlle! xlaeTo po6orrT HeroBrre crTpya-

H{r.lr. Po3aeneHo e c nopoBoHr,t: po6o o ilo(o, ao He, qePloxHo alcxo, nonxqrl, orcrpdHg aBe ronel.ll. fiocr, KolrIo ce ,3nonSycor cnopea 8yx-

P.t<6yc (it.r.6pr,

norpnao

((:|norlH n.pr.r,, -1t70 ..

kocer.x Forxcro.lots (Eproi. - Horpoad €norcH neD-

irqr, yqeH{, TexHnqr, ,HAycrPronqr!) , llHArcypronHr r llprosarr npel nprrrrr. 42% or npoeKroHTrre co opxrreKrr. nopoarr xPxsoTo, xorto e crulecT6yBono B TrxHo'lo KPl,r

.erd,

npo{eari,

r,rHorrHo co oaroHonr 6er po6oro CO Ce OpreHTrpOrX Katl XyAOXeC'rBeHOtO

nPoeKTxPoHe. O6NkHoBeHo o6ekr

flo npoel(Tlapohe co he6er[,

nP€axerr, (srP3clHfi c xrnrulHrr r4HreP{opi nruJeul, iol!r|Hr, creroqi9 ,t enextPoHH, iro!t {HH; noPTOtltBHt,l TenearloPH! rPqio(foHg; oageTITenHI Teno, nePonHx, Hn39{l.l ftoutlHll;

nPeaierx !o BaeknaH€BHo ynoTpe6o. 3o ao 6rAeu: nprrHor ro rrneH Ho ocorlroqriro,

fie e

Heo6xoArrro

Ao ,rlour

3oElpuieHo cne-

qronHo o6pGoBofire. 06q€crseHoro nprrHo.

8re, nonynrpHoctto, (oiTo crl noflyqlln!

aoBe.

Prero (oTo cneqnonrcr rx aoBo nPoBoTo ao Hocrn looHre7o, O6qoro c!6poHre Ho ocoqlroqxito ,qoBo npeqetKo io AeiHocrto Ho r(oH. araoTtle, Acoqroqrrro ce loHrMoBo a o6ulrre xynlypHll nPo6n€Hr, korro ,HrepecyBoT He cofio cneqronraTrTe, Ho t,l BcHgl(lt, KotaTo nporaiaol nHTepec

Krr,

flpo6net

rre Ho

npotrn!!neHoro

Acoqnoqrrro oproH{3npo s3nox6r, Teoper

KoHxypcr, Hoyq-

rgHH r(oHoepeHqxx, noAnoHoro

Horo AeiHocr B To3t4 o6rocr,

Ct6nlre or ronrllo :rHoqe{re e 6l,lno oproHr. ,l970

aoTo to noaloBtHe Ho liokeTr, to oqsettBqHe tr IlP. Te co Hoi-6nxr(o cBrp3oH, c nporrsoaCTBOTO l,t C.lf,TOt 3(r CBOe npelnyqec7ao npea aPytrfe cs (ore ToBo, qe ioror Ao peuroBor

Blnpocrre, CalproHtl c rrxHoIo nprxo po6oyo. HiHo oHrlr arnlr H cnoxe8 nrr, xoiTo TPr6so Ao r3BlpBrT ocroHqrBTe xyAoxHxLlunPoefioHrr. ly'ioa ronxo po6ornnHnqo 30 noHonPOBO

KeTr, r(LAeio coEr{ nrpo6oTBor or cT{ponop, < eneKrPrHecl<li Hoxi clBcei yanolHt, o6o6uleHll lloaenr, cor,ro ro nposeprBoHe Ho o6uto.ro {optlo B o6eio. CneA ToBo AoBor noApo6Hx qeprexx !o ,3PO6OT3OHe HO ArpOeH tlOKeT a Bcggl<r Ae-

TOIrI.

B hapea {rproro Onnger! yr.lo cnyx6o, r<raero ce npoarr nPoyqaoHrr ro po3nrqx|l ioaepxonr. Tot ae popo6orBor 14 TexHryea(rre npoexlr. Ottoao a ADI-apl, A.p PeHqo Oyioronr. Acoqroqrrro ce crcrori or 312 qneHo, or Koxro 260 AeicrrrrenHx (x).Aoxrtqn.npoextoxrr, 36

ll.rpoHoro npe, r. ,!nox6o or noA6pox, T6op6ll Ho x/AoxeaTBeHolo npoeKirpoHe, *orro e ,Hono 3(l qen .qo npe,qatoBx nPrHoco Ho flpo. ttrllneHoro ecterr(o B o6rocfio Ho reopriro , nPo(Ttl<ofo, HocoqeH, xtH coqtonHo-rxoHo-

irqecxoro porBrr{e Ho crpoHolo. h3noxeHl, co 6rn, P€onr!3rpoH11 ll Hepeon13rpoHr npoel(rr, floBH TbpceHfi B o6nocrro Ho npol'ixLrJreHoTo ecTerrKo, cr3aoaeHl,l oT olaenHl{ npoeKroHrr, yqxnxqo s HoygHor3cneaoBoTencK,llHcrrTyflt. Acoqroqxrro ce arpein Ao criAoAe no-TeceH

xoHtotfi a npoHraoaHTenITe He aoio

Koto B3Orr,rooTHouteHltt Hexay cneqronrcTx x Blt. noxrrenq, o r ao ao Hol(oporl gBAycrpxrTo qo yqocrByBo s p:r.t oBoHeao ro npexlre npo6nerl HO nPOHnUneHOTO ecTel{KO Blrpe B OCOrll,tO.

Aocero npeanpxrrllrao ,

npoe(tofirrre

po6orenx B rBlpAe orpoHtqeH cexrop. Llen Ho ocoqrouxrTo e Ao poturllpri Toao none Hc aeiHOCTi I(OYO C.rUiynrpO l,l noanol,loro Bclti{(ll vHrqroYlrsr, rr,tou,l, !o qen ao crlaoaor, eo

Pqaio.,.rend (Er.r

l9O)

tsorpdao <3rorcH neprerri 1970 r.

npoe{r 30 aer.r. .lororqi€po

,oAu6oqor, Ao polnpocTpoHrr' nPrHqrnsre Hcr irpotal.LureHoto ecTeTIko ,!nI Ad cl3aoBol iPoe(ToHTr, xorIo ao riorol ao oTroBoPrT Ho loBrre Hyr(a, Hd nPoxsBoAcTBoro. AcoqHoqurro rpr6Bo Ao peruoBo peArqo npo6;reHl,l o.r noAroToBKoTo Ho xyaoxHl.lKo-nPoeKroET -ao nonynrpl,|3xpoHe Ho HerosoTo ae;Hoa1. Heo6xoAr,rfio

trr.3ocero

e roqHo u HoBpeHeH(o

rrH(boptroce nPeoPxlTe(Typo, s

nPoHruJneHoTo ecTeTrKo

noaoBo Br,s +okynTe'rrTe no ronrTexHIRrTer xyaoxecTseHlTe yqrrlq(r, yqrjruuloTo no x).aoxecTB€tto npoeKTrpoHe BIB

3eBeq{r, Prra, ToparHo, onopeHqrr, xolro tf,Moi sprrKo noiexay o1. PoBHlilero Ho noA_oioBxoto e po3nrqHo. cncTemoTo Ho o6yqeflre e

octopnno. Tr orxrceo cTyaeHTo

rPo6neral

oT crBpefieHHfiTe

flPol<TrKo.

Ctperex r.ro ocor.lloqrrrcr e ao cb3Aoae yqfirrute 30 x/aoxecrBeHo flpoexTxpoHe, c xopoKtepHl1re

6enet, Ho HoB nonITexHrgecKn nHcTIryT, r(oiTo ute 6rae ypyaHo ao ce rsrpoal, Koro HtclJ ro l,!3cneaBoHllr, onfiTlt, oKo He 6tae HenocPeacraeHo cBrp3olto c npo[3BoacrBoTo, To rPr6Bo Ao Moxe Ao noAroTB, xyAoxHnqrrPoeKToHTX, rOAHx Ao BrxAOr B nepCneKTUBq I lo nPr4o6l,lrT KprrTrqHo oTEoueHre x]H npo&3so4craoro, Te rpr6Bo Ao co B crcTorr{t1€ Ao 1060TrT KoTo TBoptll, x oproHrrorop{. Ho 30stPtUXnrTe TOaO yqhnnule Tpr6so ao ri ce ipx3Hoe aHcrue 06po3oBoHre,

cor.lr.rollrcTuqecxoTo cIc1eMo, yc,loBl,trTo

po3-

snTue Ho nPoHr,tulneHoTo ecTeTrxo B EtrrqPrr, co Aone,i no-6noronpHrrHr,t, oTxonKoTo s 14Tonrr.

l_lpo6nerare, korro crorr npeg 6tnropcxrre ryaoxHllqx-nPoexToHru, HoroT ao 6raor PeureHn no-necHo, no-Ao6pe, orKonxoro flpr,! Trx. Bc,tgxn x3po3rxo xenotre ao nocerrr Ernro, Pn, r ce rono3Horr c 6rnropcknTe xyAoxHHq,lnpoeKToHTh.

LneqaroIlrcT{te, c (oITo ce cpeqHoxilet co xopo c rJJrapoKo npooecxoHonHo (ynTypo x Br1.oKo crlHoshe 30 xynTypHoTo 11 cotl,ionHo 3rio-

!eHne Ho npooecrrTo, Korlo ynpoxHsBor. Ie 4o6pe npeqexnaor, qe 6noroAopeHue Ho

OTH'H

Te co HonrnHo ocBo6oAeH, or Hopoqer{ AexoporxBl3all I caIA€TencrByBoT 3(I c1'p6Hexo Hy ao nPoHIkHe Br! (DyriKqroionHoro clulsocT io

IUOIUEB

YAK 52.lxrl.2:7.0s (092)

,laeIraTo.

1936 roa. s Coori. yvn s Crporrennr.rn rexHr*yH (Xp cro 60r€8)). 30BtPuJBo ro B 1954 .oA. tr Ao '1958 roA, po6o.r, PoaeH Ho 19

onprr

npoexToHTcxoTo oproHrsoqn, (cosnpoel(D.

flpe, 1967 roA. ,osrpuJso (yHnpoH,

L{CCP,

- npoo. cneqronHocr npol.l,iLrlreHo ecTeTx(o nph Koaopx. Ctuloro roArHo noarlnBo Ho po6oro s qeHTipo !o flporxlurexo ecrer{xo. Oqe c aunnornoro c, pr6)ro (coroxoaer KpoH

rxn (EnAH, (Toi Hoco.tso rBrpqecxl,lTe c'l

ycgn{t (ai o6nocTTo Ho HouJr.lHocTPoeHero. greno yvoarre rnoBHo s po!po6olsoHero Ho npoexrr

3(l

nbrHocTpollrenHn

nPon3BoacTBo.

LlJoueB

eAxH

MouJnHr.r

or nrpsnre

cpeecTBa

xyAoxH4(.npoex-

ToHrx B qflE, nonygrnr cneqrorlHo KBor}lorKoqrr. Po6orrre n)r co xopoxrePH, c PoqxoHOnHoCT

EynAo!.p df,..nof,on.G.x. l9a9

nPOCTOTOTO

HO KO|,!nOHOEXOiO Cr.

Conoxoa.H (poH rxn (EroHD

lHaroixo po6oro,

Erexrpokop EB

t967

734

r,. i, I

l,lt, ,,

l.t

N'U idusao

!. ,rrcrniie

Ho npo-

lroro*op 6c crpoH"cflo ,.rd. c.{. a. noa.itrrr ..r.Brtri ta?o, tt6,

Xr€ur, 3o roqao.o .q!qpr-

KOHCTAHT]4H CMOflf,HOB YAK

52.001.2'7.05 (092)

PoAeH Ho 27 Mopr 1938 roenHo. B 1963 roerna roBtpruBo Xyaoxecraexoro oxoaer,rur a Cotfr.rr cneqronxocr rpoSyKo. Po6oru Kor.o yexTe,'r-no plcysoHe. nrpBl4Te crbnl<n Koro xyAoxHrx-npoeKroHT npasu s ylHcrr,lTyro no MeronoPexeqfi Hou.rnHn B co+rr. B LleHTrpo to nPo rliiJneHo ecTeT|rKo po6oTh or 1967 roe. h ryx yvocreyeo rnoBHo B npoeKTlrpoHero Ho Heronopexeut, HourxHx. B ro3ri o6nocr nonyqoso ABe HorpoA, (3norHx prqe)-1967 roA. 3(l <foro +pe3MouJrlHo) n (foHo 6opMcl.Ul,lHo) r,r

1968

Op6ioErho (DX

t23

Sopicux{o nk l2t

Y8roeqrpoi rrApqErrqex rep 0,45 i

60-

Xyn. npo€(r. xonexr,.: K, Ci6-

nrHoE.

Arokoco6,

roa.:o (C1pyr-CA001).

KdDqndHr€..

,Hx. A.

,Hx.

rr.

K€pnyq,H

npe3 1970 roA.

orHoBo nonyqoBo roKoso HorpoAo so (Bonrx sr6poqxoHeH cofloxoAeH>.

Cnoxnrre npo6ner-rr, Kofiro flocroBrr

npeA npoeKToHTrTe cPeAcTsoTo 30 nPolnssoacTBor cr4onrHoB PeuroBa ycneu,JHo. B Toso oTHoureHrre My noHoro crpe|{exrr Ao pa6orH BriHoru B HenocPeIcTBeH XOHTOT(r r4 ClTpyAHr4qeCTBO C TeXHr"

qec*rTe cn€quon,rcT}l xoklo or LlrlE, ToKo Boaeu{(re r3nrrH,lTen14 Ho npoeKro,

, I fn

Aroxdr !o noa{,E.o.o &rri

BBC-!,5

T.HAx€pd c DoFkq ot

5o-

tt'<

T / l'' i'' *:: ',.. :

v3AEnnf, HA LlEHTtpA 3A npOMhlUflEHA ECTEThKA ]4 XYAOXECTBEHO NPOEKThPAHE 1

Ho roio 1 Ho.o o$opineHrep.a: r€xHrc€.{, .e!a, . Tn00; T.200i T-500 xyA. npoeKroHrr A. nonoBq 2 Tcne+oBex odopor .,.okoXyA. npoexroHr: n. Ay(olo Ao.qrop

.!roi.rxq.i

0,00t5

XyA, npocnroHrck, roreKrrB: A. Ll.Jeireno.o, H. AaceE

Xyr. nDoex,oH,c(i xorexrvB: n;x n. M,ues, i. 8"n,",.. cr xonxo.. Cr. Hoqrc!

T€ne.,riosro xa.,qxo XyA. npoend*rc(r xonekr|s: ,rx. A. nerpo.,,kx. r. Koqopdno., ria, A. Kcn,qrH 43

l. n.prorr..x poA,orer.hhxx xrA. nDo.kroHrcs, *or.xrr.: A. n.{r{, Cr. XoE.rExrrflo! ro prko.orrr.rr plxoloa.r., 6. lltioapo. l. HouxBo il3 itoo 2. YpcASo

Xya. npocxrortcxr roacxrrr c

XyA. npo.{ro{r: A. Tony.nr.. 4. ediirrr qoih.q, .xotrx-

Xya. rpo.kro.r r C. 5o..o 5. nopra ..E rar...ixox.n XrA. npo€*iotsrr. A. Brrxc-

uno. , E. ilcpko..

Tpc{rop ,o!ap<x, Xra. npo.srait: K. Csorrf,..

BIi{BNNOIPAloNA l(Hrrx, notty.raBx IIponruJneHo ecterrko

Mrreprr,rx

67:7-OS

Hhrx

+opi,

6iSnrorGxorq Hq qnE

5., Apxxie$oHl,lko nporbruneH.

gbrn. l.

Texxr,{ecxol acrerlt<o x screixKo npotlbtrunet.

nbrx oopi. M., BHt4tlT3, 1970.155.. c xnn. Tloprecxle npoSnet.rhr xyaoxectBeHBoro tol-

R!ad, Herbert. Art dnd lndustry, The princip-

2 publ., London, Fober ond Fobe., s. o. 212 p., ill. les oF lndustriol Detign.

crp)rrpoBsHrr, M., BHrlhTg, 1970. 106 c. c ,nn. XyAoxocrletBoe xoHcrpyxposoHxe 5brroBoro o6opyAsoHrr. M,, BHht4T3, 1970., 135 c. c xnn. Athford, Fred. The oesthetics of entineerint deslgn. London, Bu.ines. Books, 1969. 129 p. B

It.

Cain, W. D. Engineerlnt product de.l8n. London, Buslne$ Book, 1969, 278 p,, illCaplar, R. Derltn in Americo. London etc. Mccrow Hill Book Compony, 1959,27A p.,

,'lccreAolqHre x HoAenxpoBoHre aetrenbHoctrr Bbrn. 1,, BHAUT?, 1970. 185 c. c rnn.

EpaoHor.rrt. hHxeHeplo ncl,lxonorrr 62+506

lptienlHoi ckcre br.

Ao|lo(rlHcrBo. TexHllKo

O6opyAo.qxxe ropoAcr(oi KBoprrpbr.

8o 6rtoloto

o6cnyx-

eoHe. 64

qrx x

nepcneKTnBhr

1969. 152 c.

. ,rn.

polErrrr. M.

TeHAeH-

BHt4hT3,

Tha artr ond Mon. A World view of the role ond functlons of the orts ln society. Poris, UNESCO, i959, i76 p. ill. Apx{aeKrypo,72

JI€ l(op6ro!He. Apxrreffiypo XX Bexo. nep. c Qp. M., nporpecc, 1970

flpol.|riureHo rpo(hla(o Bx3yonHo KoHyHrKoqrt 719 . 91

Axxyp A. o(preHHbri crrrb. BHAAT9, 1970.50 c. c

128 p., ill.

O63op. M.,

,rnn.

Cataldo, J. Grophlc desiSn. Visual communico. tion. Seronton, lnternotionol textbook compony, 1966,294 p., lll.

Evcnson, N. Le Corbualer: The mdchlne ond

the grond desitn

London, Sludlo yisto, 1969,

L[exoron rpo$rro. M., BHkn.|'3, 1969. 74 c ll,ln.

XPOH]4KA cccP lll-To BcecrrorHo uinox6o ,o

xyAoxecrBeHo

l'lpe3 Hoei{Bpn 1970 roAANo sls BAHX, MockBo 6e orKprro []nox6o 3cr xyAoxecTseHo npoeKT[.

POHe nOA AeBX3O (TexHXl(o, eCreTXkO, nporpea>.

l43nox6o?o 6e oproHu3trpoHo o.r BHl4hT3 no nnoHq Ho arpxoeHrr Konurer 3(r Hoyxo ll TexHnKo npn CrBeTo Ho

r,rrflxcrpkre

CCCP. LlenTo HO hlnox6oTo e ao noKoxe heyoarTe lo noao6ptBoHe Ho norpe6rrencKrre cBoicrBo Ho npoHHUTneHOYO

npoAyKllr, I ntrhuloyo Hcl yct-

srPureHcTByBoHe Ho npeAreTHoTo cpeaot xorTo

!oo6a.tKorr qoBeKo. hrnox6o.ro }rorneAHo noxo3o lrPoKTIqecKl,lr€ y HoyqH!i noaTl4xeHrf, Ho CiBercxu, c!to! B o6nocrro Ho npo nuJneHoro

Te x Hd ekcnoirqnryo: (qos€KLT B Tpyao),

(n!pBr.qHo 06(ryxBoHe B KoriyHonHoro c+€po), (lpoHcnopr r{ 6pr3xu) la Apyru. noKoroHn 6rxo noBeqe or'1000 excnoxoro crpyroBe r,r He-

6nrosu urAenx Apyrr. flo BpeHe Ho ,trrox6orc 6rxo npoBeaeHra cer{rriopr.r io cneqfionncrrre Ho re r: (MeroEg Ho eproHoMrqeaKure oenu, rHcTpyHeHTl1 l{

TpOHCflopTH14 CpeaCTBo,

h!(neABoHrn), (TBopqecKfi npo6neH{ Ho xyAo-

xecrBeHoTo npoeKTypoHe), ([loTpe6rrencxx

cBoicrBo Ho npoHrurneHrre nlAenrrD, (HoyqHorexflrqecKo nH(|opitoql,ri s o6nocTTo Ho npo-

r!hrl,leHolo

ec].eTIKo)).

cAlq

MexayHopoArioro Acneexo xox$epexqtrr, npoBeaeHo nper receq loHH 1970 roal,lHo, e 6rno nocBeYetio Ho Ponrlo Ho all3oiHo B ctlaoaoHe HO np€aHerHoio cPeao. B Po6ororo Ho xoH-

rlepeHqrrro co y,.roarsyBont.t xyaoxHtrqx-nPoeK'roHTr, oPxuTeKTfi, coqfionoSn, nPeAcTosnTen{ H(r flpor.lrLlneHrTe n aenoal/l KPtroBe Ho PO3. AHePlko. nrqfll,l crPoHr or EsPono, furr,

lonHnaHAuA B polrl(xre Ho MexayHopoaHoro nporPofio

1970

tlo

IOHECKO (ToArHo 3Cl }l!cneABoHe Ho oKonHoro qoBeuKo cPeao npe! ieceq oBrycr-

-'1970) cenreriBp.r crutoTo ro,qIHo s hHcrr/ttyTo no Ar3oiH B XenrrHKlr ce e clcrorrt ceMrHoP, nPo_ BeaeH oT (pr{Hc(olo ocor.lrotl{, Ho ErloiHe' pure OPHAMO x MxhxcrepcrBoro Ho nPoc_

roP

flpe! 1970 roarHo s pornr.rHla rpoaoBe Ho 3Cl_

noAHo fepxsHri e 6r'10 noKolqHo r3nox6oro (XyaoxecrBeHoro npoeKTxpqHe B l4Tonrr>. no KO3OHlt CO

AHTNh'

B noHAoHcxur ArloiH-qeHrrp or Hoe spx

AO rHyoplt 1971 ro(rtto o 6rno oDroHrll.lDoHo rlrox6cl Ho onkrHx obPolqtr Ho ntaenrrr PoIPO. 6oreHlr or xyAoxHr,rr.ln-npoeKror{Tn, opxrireKTx x cryaeHT{ or atl,oiriePcl<},l y'{e6H[ 3oBeaeHxi.

6ltnt re6enl,

ocBeal{TeiHh Teno, x hncrpyieHTr.

oxroBo o63oBexAoHe, flp{6opx ly'3nox6oro e npeHrHono flprl

ronrll

,HTePec,