Describing multiple aspects of use situation: applications of Design Information Framework (DIF) to scenario development
徐偲爾 林季瑭 劉哲均 高韞豐 鄭旭貿
Introduction •
當設計師想要產生一個情境故事的時候，往往會遇到這些故事太過單一面向，而失去 某些情境中的重要層面。現有的情境故事法是沒有用特定的建構方法去產生的。
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情境故事有這些需求：去了解使用情境的相關層面、去處理跨面向的資訊、去確認需 求(設計師對偏重的問題產生的解決方案)。
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這篇研究對情境故事法的這些需求，發展了一個可以在多面向中確認問題與需求，最 後導出情境描述的方法。是一種結構化的情境產生機制，藉由解析複雜的情境，進而 再建構與重組之間的關係，以此融合許多不同面向的使用情境。
Framework
Framework •
Design Information Framework –
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設計資訊架構，是一個能夠在設計過程中，整合各個不同背景成員所提供的多面向資訊的方式。
從空間面向來做敘述：「The computer is located on the table at the corner of the room.」 –
轉換成DIF的結構：「The computer：實體」、「located on the table at the corner of the room：屬性」， 在空間面向中實體+位置屬性是必要的組成形式。
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從操作面向來做敘述：「Nancy is operating the computer.」 –
轉換成DIF的結構：「Nancy ：實體」、「is operating ：動作」，而透過兩個面向之間的的共同元素，將兩個 面向合併起來。
Process •
情境故事的產生機制是利用「DIF架構」與「aspect models」來產生的，其包含了三 個步驟：
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(1) Organizing design information with DIF –
Table 1 Definition of primitives in DIF
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the P-DIF format
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P-DIF provides the parameters to construct aspect models required in the design process.
(2) Producing aspect models of a use context –
Table 2 Definition of several elements in DIF
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Aspect models then generate components of scenario content as building blocks of the scenario.
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Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) model + spatial layout model
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The HTA model is built with a set of elements, activities (vi), goals (gi), plans (pi), and actions (ci).
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The spatial layout model is composed of the collection of entities (ei) and location-attributes (li).
(3) Scenarios generation using aspect models –
Look → Figure 7 An example of scenario construction
(1) Organizing design information with DIF •
第一個步驟對收集到的資料進行分析，場域中的人、動作、空間等屬性，可以透過 Table1做進一步的定義。
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再將這些資料整理成P-DIF Formated的資料，如此可以清楚的知道每個行為的排序， 這行為中的人物、工具、時間、動作等等。
(1) Organizing design information with DIF
(1) Organizing design information with DIF
(1) Organizing design information with DIF
(2) Producing aspect models of a use context
(2) Producing aspect models of a use context
(2) Producing aspect models of a use context
(2) Producing aspect models of a use context
Using scenarios to generate design solutions • •
The design requirements elicited from the created scenario represent the criteria to be satisfied by a design solution for the identified problems. The scenario indicates the requirements that correspond to the problems captured in user research from multiple aspect models, and particularly specifies the user needs to be satisfied in the solution. They are different from the performance requirements that specify how a system should be implemented.
• The end