JUL 2018 - International Aquafeed magazine by Perendale Publishers Ltd

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Using artificial intelligence to improve shrimp post-larvae quality

International Aquafeed - Volume 21 - Issue 07 - July 2018

- Commercially available methionine sources and its implications on aquaculture feeds - Let algae feed your growth - Aeration with Ceramic Micro Bubble Diffusers - A connected aquaculture: Water quality management - Expert topic - Shrimp Proud supporter of Aquaculture without Frontiers UK CIO

July 2018

www.aquafeed.co.uk

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THE EDITOR

Croeso - welcome

I was impressed to learn of Speaker write this editorial from the Bercow’s keen enthusiasm and interests heart of UK democracy in in supporting the activities of the Royal the Houses of Parliament at Society of Biology, and his unique idea Westminster, London. It is of a new Speaker’s forum with invited indeed a great privilege to be lectures on specific topics in front of here where so much history MP’s and Lords. After the addresses and has been made and where successive discussions, the meeting was followed by British Governments have served in the a very nice luncheon on the terraces of Commons and the upper legislature, the Professor Simon Davies the House of Lords in brilliant sunshine House of Lords. Editor, International Aquafeed and the chance to meet with the likes I am a guest of the Royal Society of Professor John Mathers from my of Biology, as a Fellow and also the old University of Newcastle, a leading Nutrition Society of which I am a new specialist in human metabolism and nutrition working in the area of member. We meet at Parliamentary links day where science and digestive function as well as the link between nutrition and aging. industrial strategy can converse with politicians to discuss the Fascinating encounters and great networking for the aquaculture major areas of interest to the economy of the United Kingdom interests and promotion of International Aquafeed and its global and the role of science in community and social wellbeing and education in particular. It was a pleasure to meet with the Speaker outreach. On other matters, I am pleased to have now successfully of the House of Commons the Rt. Hon. John Bercow MP and supervised Alex Miles my first Masters student at Harper leading figures such as Norman Lamb MP, Chair of the Select Adams for the MRes programme where he defended his thesis Committee on Science & Technology and Rt. Hon Claire Perry MP Minister of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy on functional oligosaccharides in diets for rainbow trout. His examiner was Dr Kim Jauncey with a very long track record as well as Chi Onwurah MP Shadow Minister for Industrial in fish nutrition teaching and research at The Institute of Strategy. Aquaculture at Stirling University, Scotland. This is a very enlightening experience and well worth the As I write this, the UK is sweltering in a heat wave with opportunity to engage and bring the work of scientists across many disciplines to the forefront of government awareness so that temperatures exceeding 30ºC in places. This is not good news for trout farmers, so I hope they are coping with more aeration and they can be properly briefed on various contemporary issues and restricted feeding if water temperatures peak! It’s a reminder of the developments that can stimulate thought and educated debate. complex interactions of the environment and fish health and welfare. Of course, I was able to communicate with many concerning Our current issue will mark our half way point of 2018 and the role of aquaculture as a main agri-business sector and its continues to attract much interest at major venues and meetings. growing contribution to our seafood industry and the high value Please have a good July and keep abreast of the aquaculture news, and nutritional benefits to the consumer. My special role in features and special topics and articles that make Internat so aquaculture nutrition and feed technology was highly valued and special and unique in its class! appreciated.

AQUAFEED

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

ALGAE: Let algae feed your growth - page 18

AERATION: Aeration with Ceramic Micro Bubble Diffusers - page 38

FEED EQUIPMENT

SPECIES

U-LOOP: Turning fuel into food, rather than food into fuel - page 26

EXPERT TOPIC: Shrimp - page 30 For years, aquaculture lagged far behind agriculture in the use of advanced technologies, which negatively affected efficiency, profits and sustainability across the industry. But recently, with the introduction of new technologies, we’re starting to see big changes in how fish and seafood are farmed.

www.aquafeed.co.uk

Perendale Publishers Ltd 7 St George’s Terrace St James’ Square, Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 1242 267700 Publisher Roger Gilbert rogerg@perendale.co.uk Editor Prof Simon Davies sjdaquafeed@gmail.com

July 2018 Volume 21 Issue 07

IN THIS ISSUE

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

International Editors Dr Kangsen Mai (Chinese edition) mai@perendale.co.uk Prof Antonio Garza (Spanish edition) antoniog@perendale.co.uk Erik Hempel (Norwegian edition) erik@perendale.co.uk Editorial Advisory Panel • Prof Dr Abdel-Fattah M. El-Sayed • Prof António Gouveia • Prof Charles Bai • Dr Colin Mair • Dr Daniel Merrifield • Dr Dominique Bureau • Dr Elizabeth Sweetman • Dr Kim Jauncey • Dr Eric De Muylder • Dr Pedro Encarnação • Dr Mohammad R Hasan Editorial team Zasha Whiteway-Wilkinson zashaw@perendale.co.uk Vaughn Entwistle vaughne@perendale.co.uk Alex Whitebrook alexw@perendale.co.uk International Marketing Team Darren Parris darrenp@perendale.co.uk Latin America Marketing Team Iván Marquetti Tel: +54 2352 427376 ivanm@perendale.co.uk New Zealand Marketing Team Peter Parker peterp@perendale.co.uk Nigeria Marketing Team Nathan Nwosu nathann@perendale.co.uk Design Manager James Taylor jamest@perendale.co.uk Circulation & Events Manager Tuti Tan tutit@perendale.co.uk Development Manager Antoine Tanguy antoinet@perendale.co.uk

REGULAR ITEMS 4

Industry News

30 Expert Topic - Shrimp 48 Technology showcase 50 Industry Events 60 The Market Place 62 The Aquafeed Interview 64

Industry Faces

COLUMNS 4 Antonio Garza de Yta 6 Ioannis Zabetakis ©Copyright 2018 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com Perendale Publishers Ltd also publish ‘The International Milling Directory’ and ‘The Global Miller’ news service

12 Sven-Olof Malmqvist 14 Thierry Chopin

FEATURES 18 Let algae feed your growth 22 Commercially available methionine sources and its implications on aquaculture feeds 26 Turning fuel into food, rather than food into fuel 24 Committing to sustainability

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY 38 Aeration with Ceramic Micro Bubble Diffusers

THE BIG PICTURE For hatcheries, rearing robust, stable and high performing cultures with low mortality rates requires expertise. Any issues that occur early in the process can easily amplify in the latter stages of growth. See more on page 22

42 More than 200,000 salmon counted and analysed in seven weeks in one cage 44 A connected aquaculture: Water quality management

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Fish feed and champagne in Monaco

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Antonio Garza de Yta The World Cup has much more to teach than just football

oday I would like to start by telling you that, in all this globalist passion, in the midst of all this great party, of the follies, of the screams, of crying, of memes, there are many lessons we can learn. I would like to offer my greatest recognition to the Mexican national team that stood before the World Champion, Germany, and beat them 1 to 0. It should be noted that I am not a football fan, but I think there are several points that we have to highlight.

This group of brave men, whom they all considered lost, fragile and condemned before a German team, committed the great audacity to believe in themselves, not to listen to criticism, to believe in their dream, and to fight with fire and blood for his objectives. For those who are not from the Latin American region, they may not understand the concept. But I would like to remind you that for 300 years our people underwent constant brainwashing, where they were convinced that it was less, that they could not, that they did not even think of trying. Today many people still have this stigma. In aquaculture, the same thing happens to us, they come and tell us day by day that it is impossible to achieve it, that practically everyone has it easier than us and that it is better not to try it; that we are condemned to be a merely importing country. I do not think this is the case. I believe that with more than 11,000 kilometers of coastline and with so many lagoons and inland waters we should be shining, and if we have not done it yet we will do it in a not very long period. When a famous commentator interviewed Chicharito (which I hope everyone knows) and told him that Mexico was condemned when maximum to second place in the group, this footballer returned my faith in this mestizo town. He commented that it was true that Mexico did not have the conditions of the others, nor the organisational structure, nor the physical infrastructure compared to the big ones, but that this group was ready and asked “Why not?”, That with desire and conviction they knew that they could do it. Today I tell my fellow aquaculturists, it is true that we do not have the infrastructure of other countries, and that the policies and strategies have been of very poor vision regarding the development of aquaculture, but “Why not?”. Why are not we who achieve change, who take the reins of our own destiny? Do not wait for someone to tell us how; between all of us participate and establish the path. Another lesson that this group leaves us: meritocracy. None of the 14 players who participated in the game or the rest who was on the bench was a brother, cousin, relative or friend of someone and that is why he was there. They all won their place by hand, with dedication, sacrifice and preparation. Nobody was born being what is today or was transformed by a simple dedazo. As long as the people in charge of aquaculture are not prepared and have no vision, as we do today, our important activity will remain stagnant. It is time for today to recognise who knows and above all want to contribute. I do not know what the fate of this group is. Maybe they lose their other games, maybe they are world champions (I hope), unfortunately we have to deliver the column for this edition. But what I do know is that this group of brave people today has set an example for all of us, and hopefully and inspires not only the aquaculturists of the region, but the entire beautiful Latin American people.

Antonio Garza de Yta, Ph.D in Aquaculture from Auburn University, President of Aquaculture Global Consulting, Director World Aquaculture Society and creator of the Certification for Aquaculture Professional (CAP) Program. He is currently Rector, Universidad Tecnológica del Mar de Tamaulipas Bicentenario. 4 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

ans Erik Bylling, CEO and owner of Aller Aqua, recently returned from the competition EY World Entrepreneur Of the Year 2018 (WEOY). The competition took place in Monaco where sunshine, yachts, champagne and expensive hotels added glamour to the event. Hans Erik Bylling was in Monaco with Aller Aqua’s co-owners Henrik T. Halken and Carsten Jørgensen, as well as his son, Anders C. Bylling. Anders is the CEO of Aller Aqua Qingdao, the company’s Chinese factory, as well as fourth generation in the family owned company. “I know fish feed is not the most sexy product, but when you look at what we can achieve together with our customers and the aquaculture sector as a whole, it suddenly gets very interesting,” explains Hans Erik. The visit to Monaco has been positive, “It is quite an experience to participate with so many skilled business people, all with amazing stories. We have learnt a lot, and we got many new contacts. We have returned to the office in Aller feeling inspired. We are also pleased with the positive publicity, for us as a company, but also for the aquaculture sector as a whole. I hope that the increased focus on aquaculture will open the public’s eyes to the fact that aquaculture is a sustainable way of producing meat. We use fewer resources than any other meat production.” Hans Erik concludes that he did not need to win the competition to feel proud of the result. He is already proud of the Southern Danish and the Danish national Entrepreneur Of the Year award, as well as of the price for Globalisation.

Some follow the stream. Others don’t.

At Nutriad, swimming upstream is a way of life. First example: we want to stay small enough to keep a personal relationship with our customers, suppliers and colleagues. Second example: we’re so passionate about our business, we’ll even share our knowledge with you. Because we’re convinced that’s the best way to create solutions for the problems of tomorrow. Would you like to swim upstream with us? Visit nutriad.com for your local contact. Or call Erik, on +31 6 5771 1798. He’s our CEO, but he likes to keep close.

A NA002-05

Ioannis Zabetakis Sustainable raw ingredients and functional products

he projected increase in world population and therefore demand for food in the foreseeable future poses some risks on how secure is the food production system today. Malnutrition, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, and obesity threaten millions of people. This is a multidimensional challenge: the production of food needs to be increased but also the quality of food needs to be improved so less people suffer from undernourishment and CVDs [1]. The use of oil by-products and vegetable oils in aquaculture has some strong potential and current research worldwide is focusing on how to valorise new sources of oils in fish feeds. In a recent paper on the impact of dietary oil source on the shelf-life of seabream; the researchers have found that gilthead seabream, fed two diets containing 100 percent fish oil (FO) or a 75 percent vegetable oil blend (VO) (50/50 soybean and rapeseed oil), had similar shelf-lives [2]. The fish were stored at 4±1ºC for up to 21 days. Physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory analyses were performed. A smaller quantity of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) in the VO group resulted in lower lipid oxidation. Higher water holding capacity (WHC) of muscle was also observed in the VO group. A higher redness (a* value) was observed in the VO group, although discoloration occurred with the same intensity in both groups. Despite the differences among groups observed in psychrophilic and Pseudomonas counts and in some sensory attributes, shelf life was equal for both groups. The use of olive pomace (OP) in aquaculture has some potential, especially in the Mediterranean region where OP is readily available [3]. OP could be exploited as an alternative dietary lipid source in compounded fish feeds resulting in the formulation of functional fish feeds and aquacultured fish according to the EU legislation (EC 1924/2006). Moreover, OP can also be used in agriculture by inclusion in animal feeds without attenuating animal performance and meat quality. OP has the

e: ioannis.zabetakis@ul.ie

potential to improve animal diets; sausages made from meat from OP-fed Cinta Senese swine were tested by comparing it with a diet supplemented with high oleic sunflower oil (SO) and a control diet (C). Proximate composition, pH, colour, total culturable bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and lipid oxidation were evaluated in both the raw mixture and sausages. OP affected the fatty acid composition of the raw mixture and strongly limited the lipid peroxidation of sausages, probably due to the synergistic action of 3,4-DHPEA and α-tocopherol. Olive pomace selectively promoted LAB growth, and protected the raw mixture and sausages from discoloration. The diet also affected the content of volatile organic compounds thus enabling OP sausages to be distinguished from other sausages [4]. Similar promising results with improved cardioprotective properties have been found in broilers fed with OP [5]. Our group works on this area to further improve the techno-functional properties of these animal and marine products.

References

Zabetakis I (2013) Food security and cardioprotection: the polar lipid link. J. Food Sci.78 R1101-R1104. Álvarez, R. Fontanillas, B. GarcíaGarcía & M.D. Hernández (2018) Impact of dietary oil source on the shelf-life of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology, DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2018.1484543 Nasopoulou C, Zabetakis I (2013) Agricultural and aquacultural potential of olive pomace. A review. J. Agric Sci. 5 116-127. Serra, A. , Conte, G. , Giovannetti, M. , Casarosa, L. , Agnolucci, M. , Ciucci, F. , Palla, M. , Bulleri, E. , Cappucci, A. , Servili, M. and Mele, M. (2018), Olive Pomace in Diet Limits Lipid Peroxidation of Sausages from Cinta Senese Swine. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 120: 1700236. Nasopoulou C, Lytoudi K, Zabetakis I (2018) Evaluation of olive pomace in the production of novel broilers with enhanced in vitro antithrombotic properties. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 2018, 1700290.

@yanzabet

Currently working on Food Lipids at the University of Limerick, Ireland, focusing on feeds, food and nutraceuticals against inflammation, Ioannis is a co-inventor in two patents, has edited a book on marine oils, and has published more than 60 peer-reviewed articles (h-index 19). He is currently writing a book on "The Impact of Nutrition and Statins on Cardiovascular Diseases" for Elsevier. 6 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

Huvepharma gets European approval for the use of Hostazym X in carp

ollowing its strategy for bringing high added value nutritional tools to the aquafeed market, Huvepharma has now obtained the European registration for the use of Hostazym X in carp feed. Huvepharma recognises that aquaculture and aquafeed markets are on a fast growing trend. Along with its growth, added value nutritional tools have become essential to assure optimal fish performance and efficient use of resources. Being committed to bringing its enzyme solutions to the European aquafeed market, Huvepharma has now obtained the registration of Hostazym X, an enzymatic complex for optimal fibre degradation, for use in carp feed, becoming the only carbohydrase registered in this category. Hostazym X is a leading fibre degrading enzymatic complex with proven efficacy in increasing nutrient digestibility, resulting in better growth performance and a healthier gut environment. Hostazym X joins OptiPhos phytase to strengthen the Huvepharma offer of highly efficient enzymes to support efficient aquaculture systems.

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International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 7

13.06

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Coppens International announces rebrand to Alltech Coppens he aqua feed and nutrition company has announced a rebrand to coincide with its 25 year anniversary. The aqua nutrition specialist Coppens International will now be known as Alltech Coppens. Welcomed into the Alltech family of companies on June 6, 2016, this rebrand will capitalise on future growth opportunities. Since 2016, the teams have worked together, combining their respective specialist skills to deliver the very latest innovative aquaculture feeds directly to producers. “Since the acquisition, our goal has been to establish Coppens International as the cornerstone of Alltech’s global aquaculture business,” said Patrick Charlton, CEO of Alltech Coppens. “We offer world-class expertise in feed manufacturing, fish nutrition and management and product research and development.” “By becoming Alltech Coppens,

we not only retain 25 years of history and reputation – we also move forward to ensure we are more ensure we are more relevant globally to our customers and the wider industry,” he continued. “Alltech Coppens is a solid platform on which we can grow our aqua nutrition business in the years to come.” During the past two years, there has been a focus on increasing capacity, which resulted in the expansion of the Alltech Coppens Aqua Centre in 2017 and the installation of a third extruder at the site. These improvements have allowed the team to meet elevated customer demands for more of its innovative products and technologies. “We have increased our production capacity to ensure continued delivery of our highly soughtafter products,” said Charlton. “This clearly demonstrates our dedication to serving our customers and our commitment to the global

aquaculture industry. Customers can continue to expect further dedication to aquaculture with Alltech Coppens.” The growth of Alltech Coppens has also allowed for expansion into new markets such as Norway, the U.S., Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey as well as exciting collaboration work in Brazil. The rebrand comes at a pivotal time for the aqua nutrition business as it celebrates its 25-year anniversary. “Over the past 25 years, Coppens International has earned a strong industry reputation,” said Charlton. “This special anniversary provides a wonderful opportunity to celebrate our achievements and to solidify our future. “Incorporating the Alltech name into our brand strengthens our relationships with our global customers,” he continued. “Together, we are stronger, and we move forward as one team under the Alltech Coppens brand.”

AQUATIC CHINA 2018

Progress Pellet Press

Nanjing, China September 18, 2018

Presenting a one-day conference program featuring international experts in fish-farming nutrition and technology addressing quality safety, the environment and new technologies’ VIV China will be held in Nanjing, China, from September 17-19, 2018.

‘A future for aquaculture’ Session 2 Aquaculture Solutions - Nutrition Session 3 Aquaculture Solutions - Technology A Triott Company

Session 1

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Salmon farmers’ investment in fish health delivers real results cotland’s two leading salmon farmers, Marine Harvest Scotland and Scottish Sea Farms, have reported a sustained improvement in fish health during the first five months of 2018 with a marked reduction in disease-related mortalities. Figures for both salmon farmers show that the number of fish that died as a result of disease fell by over 50 percent between January and May compared with the previous six months. Disease-related mortality is also lower year on year with Marine Harvest Scotland and Scottish Sea Farms reporting a reduction of 61 percent and 27 percent respectively compared with the first six months of 2017. The sustained improvement comes as welcome news following a challenging year for some farms owing to warmer than average sea surface temperatures; a trend witnessed across most parts of the world’s oceans and seas. These warmer temperatures can encourage marine organisms to thrive where ordinarily they might not occur in abundance, posing threats to fish health in the form of harmful algal or jellyfish blooms, as experienced in 2017. In response, both producers have invested in new technologies including: Environmental data monitoring equipment enabling realtime analysis of key markers such as salinity and oxygen concentration, helping farmers make swift and informed decisions; Underwater camera systems enabling farmers to observe salmon within the pens and respond quickly to any changes in innate behaviour; Innovative new netting which, in initial pilots, has helped eliminate gill disease. Changes have also been made to farm management strategies. Veterinarian and Head of Fish Health at Marine Harvest Scotland, Meritxell Diez Padrisa said, “Each individual farm effectively has its own micro-environment and therefore faces its own challenges. However, by taking a tailored approach to farm management that is based on the local marine ecosystem and has prevention at its core, we have been able to increase the protection offered to the salmon in our care.” Both producers are also investing in multi-million pound state-of-the-art hatcheries which will enable smolts – young salmon – to be grown to a larger, more robust size, thereby shortening their time at sea and lessening the chance of infection from other marine creatures. Meanwhile, adding to the improvement in overall fish

A traditional herring party t the VIV in Utrecht (Netherlands) multinational feed additives producer Nutriad once more hosted a traditional herring party. A large group of industry professionals and academics joined the Nutriad team to make this traditional event a great success. Every year in June, at the start of

health, Marine Harvest Scotland and Scottish Sea Farms have seen significantly lower lice levels from January to May 2018. In the case of Marine Harvest Scotland, sea lice levels were 49 percent lower compared with the previous six months, while Scottish Sea Farms were 34 percent lower. Head of Fish Health at Scottish Sea Farms, Ralph Bickerdike said, “Colder temperatures witnessed over winter 2017 have some part to play in this reduction, helping slow the growth of sea lice. However, we’re also seeing the cumulative impact of investment in integrated sea lice management including sea lice shields which reduce the number of lice entering salmon pens in the first place, use of cleaner fish which eat sea lice, and hydro and

thermolicer technology which washes off and collects sea lice. The result of these efforts is that we’re seeing some of our healthiest, strongest fish yet.” The results are equally encouraging across the sector as a whole, with Scottish Salmon Producers’ Organisation figures showing that sea lice levels are at their lowest since July 2013. Helping to ensure these positive trends in fish health are maintained will be the recently announced Scotland’s 10 Year Farmed Fish Health Framework; a joint initiative between Scotland’s salmon and trout farmers, the Scottish Government and several of its agencies which sets out a number of key measures for the sustainable growth of the sector – improving gill health and greater control of sea lice included.

the summer, a Dutch tradition creates networking opportunities across the country. Attending a Herring party is as much about meeting interesting people as it is about eating herring and most would argue the former is paramount. The Dutch have been eating raw herring for hundreds of years and at the VIV Nutriad invited business partners, colleagues and friends to share this tradition. Enjoying local drinks, herring and live music the 10 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

event was received very positively by the international visitors. “Our guests at the VIV in Utrecht have come to expect a herring party from us. At the end of another long day at the show they like to join friends and partners from the industry at our booth. This is the moment where we focus on personal stories and relationships that create the foundation for sustainable business relations,” stated Nutriad CEO Erik Visser.

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The Student Day 2018

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not quite know how can be utilised yet,” says Ms Neyts. Some of the most interesting issues in the industry at the moment are related to digitalisation, automation and new requirements related to sustainable development. These are issues that can be addressed by students from a wide variety of disciplines. “We wish to embrace a broad set of issues and to activate the whole student body. The exhibition is relevant to many different disciplines, because they gain insight into the technology and the challenges facing the industry when it seeks to create continued growth,” comments Ms Neyts. She emphasises that it is important that the students orient themselves in the direction of the industry, and that this is a simplified and more effective method of establishing contact that to invite the companies to visit the universities.

he fisheries and aquaculture industry needs to attract the best heads in order to develop further. You and your company can now register to participate at this year’s Student Day to get to know the students better.. “For the students, this is an exceptional opportunity to get to know companies in the fisheries industry. At NorFishing, they can learn more about the fisheries industry in Norway and explore the opportunities that exist in terms of jobs and a career in the industry,” says Project Manager at NTNU Bridgehead Fisheries and Aquaculture 2050, Alexandra Neyts. During this year’s Student Day, there will, in addition to visits to the exhibition, be organised a workshop for students and companies, lectures, breakfast at the meeting place and mingling during Happy Hour. The Student Day is free of charge and the registration form for both companies and students is now open. Ms Neyts says that the companies represented at the exhibition seem to particularly wish to be involved in master and student theses. The Student Day is organised every year, and at previous occasions companies employed students they met during Student Day. She also presents NTNU Bridgehead Fisheries and Aquaculture as a new communications platform, which is launched during the exhibition as part of the project Bridgehead Fisheries and Aquaculture 2050. It will make it easier to establish contact between students and companies regarding study theses, summer jobs and other types of projects. NTNU Bridgehead Fisheries and Aquaculture will be a living platform where companies can register announcements or ideas for studies and actively follow these up. In addition, the portal is connected to supervisors and professors at NTNU who can also follow up inquiries from companies. There is a need for greener and smarter cooperation between the sciences and theoretical competence, in order to meet 240+ future challenges in the fisheries and aquaculture industries. DELEGATES “In this connection, we see that it is particularly technology that interests the students. Both students and research groups have knowledge and expertise that we may

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International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 11

Sven-Olof Malmqvist Aquaculture comes in many shapes and fashions

ne has to establish that the “new aqua production” is what the poultry production was in the past (and still is) fast growing item with white meat production on the the behalf of traditional meat production like meat and pork. The consumer pattern is clear so both aqua and poultry will gain in popularity. First, we have the corporation side of the business, huge enterprises with quarterly reports to the shareholders, fair to say that the salmon production worldwide starting with Norway as the leader and Chile as a runner up then you have Canada, US, Scotland NZ, Tasmania etc is still in growth even if prices on salmon varies a lot during the fiscal year. Undoubtedly the salmon reckon to be a very healthy alternative to red meat with all the constraints in terms of sustainability, methane emissions, feed conversion rate usage of resources etc. Globally, Catfish and Tilapia are produced more in tonnage but it is a more scattered industry. Another lucrative business is shrimp which seemed to be production at the moment with highest investment rates. But there is a possibility for the smallholders in developing countries to establish a sustainable aqua production in order to provide for the family and in the end also create a stable income over the years. But in order to get it going there must be taken some initiatives which can improve the rate of success. Feed is one major factor, another is the environment and management and simple training. Aquaculture without frontiers (AWF)is one example of the NGOs who tries to encourage smallholders production with fundings, trainings, scholarships among other activities to improve the production.

Sven Olof is an experienced export manager with a demonstrated history of working in the chemicals industry. He is skilled in marketing management, market planning, business planning, international business and sales management. He is a strong sales profession who graduated from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Malmoe.

BioMar exceeds expectations on sustainability KPIs for raw materials

ioMar Group releases its ‘Integrated Sustainability Report’ today, three years ahead of schedule with four out of five KPI’s for raw materials have reached the 2020 target. BioMar has decided to raise the bar further and have now set new targets for 2020. The company’s ‘Integrated Sustainability Report’ is a comprehensive report that is aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and referencing the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines. It gives complete transparency on BioMar operations not only with their sustainability KPIs but their finances and growth ambitions. The report takes an in-depth look at the role and importance of traceability and data analytics in the future of sustainable aquaculture. Traditionally, the feed comprises about 80 percent of the impacts in raising fish. The feed ingredients and operations account for most of the mass energy flows in the value chain and hence it plays a crucial role in the overall sustainable, and the environmental and social development of aquaculture. “Sustainability in the aquaculture industry begins with the feed and in BioMar we believe it is our responsibility to provide our customers with innovative, high performance feed solutions that also reduce the impact on our environment,” said Carlos Diaz, CEO BioMar Group. In 2015 BioMar addressed the sustainability of their raw materials by setting ambitious targets for the use of certified products. These KPIs included 100% certification of all soy protein, krill and palm oil and 70 percent of all fishmeal and fish oil. While soy protein remains on track to achieve its 2020 objective, all other ingredients have meet or exceeded expectations. BioMar will now raise the bar on their targets for fish meal and fish oil to 80 percent certified material by 2020. “Sustainability and responsible sourcing is an ongoing challenge. To continue to be leaders in sustainability we will look to set even more demanding targets beyond 2020 that will help drive us to new heights”, stated Carlos Diaz. BioMar will continue with their commitment to driving sustainability in 2018 and by year-end will have finalised a full source-to-market sustainability rating of their entire raw material portfolio. This comprehensive assessment tool will enable them to steer their raw material purchasing toward more sustainable solutions, and enable aquaculture farmers and the wider value chain to have a more complete understanding of the sustainability of every raw material found in aquaculture feed. The BioMar Integrated Sustainability Report 2017 can be found at: https://bit.ly/2KrPhNW

12 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

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S P E C I A L I S T I N S Q U A R E S I L O S www.ts c -s i l os .c om

International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 13

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Wyred for success: Scottish salmon farm wins top M&S accolade &S has named Scottish Sea Farms’ team at Wyre, Orkney as its Outstanding Producer of the year in the Farming for the Future Awards 2018. The 1909-tonne capacity farm, which was established by Scottish Sea Farms in 2015 to help meet the growing demand for responsibly farmed salmon including M&S Lochmuir salmon, differs from most other farms in that it performs a special dual role. Not only does it rear its own salmon from smolt to adulthood, but it also acts as a nursery for young salmon headed to neighbouring Eday where conditions are more tidal. Only once the salmon are large enough to thrive in the strong tidal flow are they transferred out to Eday. This efficiency was one of four Awards criteria that set Wyre apart in its category. Judges were equally impressed at how much the team, ably led by Phil Boardman who until recently was also Farm Manager of Eday, had achieved with regards to: Ethics – developing a predator resistant containment system which has reduced the number of seal attacks and helping to test a new low frequency ADD thought to operate outside the normal hearing range of cetaceans such as whales and porpoises. Environment – deploying innovative new easy-clean nets which, unlike standard nets or the hulls of ships and boats, don’t require copper-based anti-fouling, helping preserve the sea’s own balance of this naturally occurring heavy metal. Education – investing in the training and development

Skretting Ecuador teams up with shrimp farmers

roundbreaking precision shrimp farming concept Skretting 360+ maximises profit per hectare per day. Skretting Ecuador has a long-term commitment to enabling the country’s shrimp industry to sustainably increase its production while also reducing its exposure to risk. To empower farmers and reduce farming costs, Skretting Ecuador has launched Skretting 360+, a concept proven to significantly boost farm profitability. Skretting 360+ is a complete package of precision-based innovative tools, incorporating precision

of each individual member to create a team with complementary skills and expertise. The combined result over the last crop was no escapes, no seals shot, no medicinal bath treatments and low mortalities. Phil Boardman said, “Both farm teams – Wyre and Eday – are proud of the results achieved and rightly so as both have worked hand in hand to create the best environments in which to rear our salmon. We have a really great mix of people, some of whom are locals while others have moved into the area bringing new skills and knowledge.” One such new face is 27-year old Matthew Jackson from Milton Keynes who joined Scottish Sea Farms as a graduate trainee and worked under Phil’s tutelage while gaining a Modern Apprenticeship in Aquaculture to Level three, and will now take over as Farm Manager of Wyre enabling Phil to focus on Eday. The Awards presentation took place on the first day of the Royal Highland Show at Ingliston in Edinburgh. Accepting the Outstanding Producer Award on behalf of the Wyre team was Scottish Sea Farms’ Orkney Regional Manager, Richard Darbyshire, who said, “Scottish Sea Farms sets itself exacting standards and the results show in the quality of our product. M&S have actively encouraged these high standards since day one, however to have them recognised with a Farming for the Future Award provides added motivation to keep seeking new and better ways of doing things.” The Outstanding Producer Award is the latest in a series of M&S Farming for the Future Award wins for Scottish Sea Farms, with previous successes including Innovation, Young Producer, Rural Communities, Global Champion of Champions and Plan A in Action.

nutrition, farm management practices and proactive technical support, all delivered via the already successful Skretting AquaSim app. It provides a complete overview of the business, with full control of the total cycle. The development process began 20 years ago, when Skretting generated growth models for salmon and other fish species – the original AquaSim. Over the past five years, the company has been developing the concept for shrimp based on research, experimentation and validation. Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre (ARC) has a dedicated team of shrimp researchers, centrally located in Norway. Research trials have been carried out at the Skretting ARC Hezhoubei Research Station in China, with validation trials at the Skretting 14 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

Validation Station in Ecuador. Onfarm validation under different conditions and challenges has taken place in Ecuador and Vietnam. The product allows the farmer to hold the whole farm in their hand. It has the capability to benchmark the performance of each cycle and manage feed and harvest predictions customised to every pond. The collection of essential real-time data enables teams to take proactive and preventative action to help customers get the maximum value from their farm in a sustainable and cost effective way. “We can’t do this without the commitment from our customers,” says Carlos Miranda, Managing Director Skretting Latin America. “The future is in our hands and the opportunity is now.”

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Aller Aqua A/S · Allervej 130 · DK-6070 Christiansfeld · Denmark · Tlf. +45 70 22 19 10 · info@aller-aqua.com WWW.ALLER-AQUA.COM International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 15

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Dr Thierry Chopin Aquaculture comes in many shapes and fashions

lgae periodically make the news, however, not always for positive reasons: harmful micro-algal blooms toxic to marine life and sometimes to humans; Olympic swimming pools turning completely green in Rio de Janeiro in 2016; large recurrent green macro-algal tides in China; brown macro-algal tides unpleasant to tourists in the Caribbean islands; etc. It is time to demystify this ‘obscure’, albeit photosynthetic, group of organisms, as they render key ecosystem services to nature and to humans, who eat them almost everyday, in one form or another, without always knowing it.

In fact, the term ‘algae’ does not mean much!

simple reproductive structures). We now realise, especially with the progress in molecular techniques, that this mixed bag is completely unnatural, with no real cohesion and with species spread over most kingdoms of organisms, encompassing microscopic microalgae (like the unicellular phytoplanktonic forms) and macroscopic macroalgae (like the giant kelps that grow taller than trees) that colonise the oceans, freshwater streams, trees (associated with fungi in lichens), stones, high altitude snow in glaciers, geothermal sources and even deserts. At the molecular and ultra–structural levels, green algae are closer to trees on land than they are to brown algae, which are closer to some fungi. The well-known green alga, sea lettuce (Ulva), is closer, at the molecular level, to a spruce tree than to the well-known red alga, nori (Porphyra), even if their morphology is very similar (a green blade versus a red blade) and they are found close to one another on the shore. So, it is not surprising that, collectively, algae are doing so many different things when it comes to life cycles and the reproductive strategies they have evolved over a very long geological time. Did you know that you start your day with algae in your orange juice (a microscopic mesh of carrageenans, extracted from red algae, keeps the pulp in suspension) and you go to bed with algae (your toothpaste would be a liquid without alginates, extracted from brown algae)? Did you also know that every second molecule of oxygen we inhale was produced by an alga (micro- or macroscopic), and every second molecule of carbon dioxide we exhale will be re-used by an alga? Algae have played a driving role in major processes on this planet: they initiated an irreversible global change leading to the current oxygen-rich atmosphere and, by transferring atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic biomass and sedimentary deposits,

Line of sugar kelp, Saccharina latissima

Giving a simple definition of what algae are is not that simple. Since the time of the Greeks and the Romans, algae have been a misunderstood, unappreciated and underused group of organisms, lumped together in a very artificial manner. When they did not know in which group of organisms to classify a new species, they described them as ‘incertae sedis’ (of uncertain placement). Over time, a lot of algae/ seaweeds became ‘incertae sedis’ … The end result of several centuries of neglect is that, systematically, algae do not have much in common and are an unnatural grouping (what is called a polyphyletic group, i.e. with different ancestors and different evolutionary histories). Algae share only a few characteristics: they are photosynthesising (sequestering carbon dioxide and producing oxygen); they strive on absorbing dissolved inorganic nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus (hence the interest in using them for bioremediation); they do not make flowers and their anatomy is relatively simple (no roots, stems, leaves or vascular tissues, and

they act as carbon sink contributing to the slowing down of global warming. Algae are key primary producers and links in the food web of coastal and estuarine ecosystems. They participate naturally in nutrient recycling and waste management, a property that can be taken advantage of when they are cultivated using the duality of nutrients (essential when limiting/polluting when in excess). Coral reefs would not have been formed without the help of algae and it would be more appropriate to call them coralgal reefs; a lot

16 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

Seaweeds are only a group within the algae; they are the macroalgae found in the sea. Referring to them as ‘seaweeds’ in English is most unfortunate, as they are far from being the weeds of the sea. They are ‘algues marines’ in French, ‘algas marinas’ in Spanish, ‘Meeres Algen’ in German, and to the Chinese, who have a long tradition of using them, they are ‘海藻 (haizao)’ or the colourful/beautiful plants of the sea. Should they be called ‘sea vegetables’? But seaweeds can be used in many applications beyond food. There are approximately 10,500 known species of seaweeds (generally divided into three large groups: the brown, the red and the green seaweeds). Around 500 species have been used for centuries for human food and medicinal purposes, directly as food or indirectly for the compounds that can be extracted from them. While minimally known by the general public and aquaculturists, especially in the western world, seaweeds represent the largest group of organisms cultured at sea: 47.5 percent of the total world aquaculture in the marine environment, while fish mariculture represents only 11 percent. Because they have very different life histories, their culture techniques vary widely. It is imperative to know the biology, physiology, biochemistry, etc. of these organisms very well

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Now you are talking seaweeds… what is the difference?

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of the world’s beautiful tropical white ‘sandy’ beaches are, in fact, made of fine debris of dead calcified green seaweeds.

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before attempting their cultivation, as they are definitely not the ‘low-hanging fruits’ of aquaculture. To cultivate seaweeds appropriately, understanding their biological cycles, and developing adapted strategies accordingly, is key to success. One of the most cultivated and used seaweeds are kelps.

Now you are confusing me with the term kelps…

Kelps are large brown seaweeds, mostly found at good low tides. They belong to the class Phaeophyceae and the order Laminariales. Kelps can form ‘underwater forests’ in coastal waters where they have significant ecological roles and provide key ecosystem services. They are among the fastest-growing organisms on this planet (up to several centimetres per day), capable of reaching more than 50m in length in the case of the giant kelps in the Pacific Ocean (2-12m in the case of the Atlantic kelps). Their anatomy is among the most advanced in seaweeds. They are attached by holdfasts, which only have an anchoring function (no absorption of nutrients like roots do). From the holdfast originate elongated stem-like structures called stipes, from which blades develop that are not as physiologically sophisticated as leaves. To help maintain the blades close to the surface, some large kelps have developed gas-filled bladders. Now that you know the differences between these different terms, we will present, in the next issue of International Aquafeed, a global perspective on seaweed aquaculture.

Dr. Thierry Chopin is Professor of Marine Biology, and Director of the Seaweed and Integrated MultiTrophic Aquaculture Research Laboratory, at the University of New Brunswick in Canada.

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International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 17

FEATURE

by David Erlandsson, Co-founder of Aliga Microalgae, Denmark

LET ALGAE FEED YOUR GROWTH

or hatcheries, rearing robust, stable and high performing cultures with low mortality rates requires expertise. Any issues that occur early in the process can easily amplify in the latter stages of growth. It is therefore important that larvae and juveniles are fed nutritiously during their first weeks to maximise the production yield of the fully-grown species. As microalgae are essential initial diets for many marine species, successful and reliable microalgae cultivation demand skills and expertise too. Particularly when it comes to producing consistent nutritional and bio-secured quality at greater volumes. Most hatcheries are today cultivating their own microalgae, to a greater or lesser extent. On-site cultivation is often labour and resource intensive with imminent risks of culture crashes. As a complement to hatcheriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; on-site cultivated microalgae, Aliga has developed the Aquapaste product range. A pre-packaged and easy to handle off-the-shelf-concentrated paste line with nutritive profiles and high cell concentrations that provide the protein, vitamins and essential fatty acid enrichments needed to support the growth and wellbeing of live prey and larvae. At our indoor production facility in northern Denmark, our closed and fully automated photobioreactors operate under a continuous 24/7 regime to produce a high and stable yield. To eliminate any risk of waterborne pathogens and contaminants

being brought into our cultures via collected seawater, we formulate and use only our own artificial seawater throughout the production process. The flexibility in our bioreactorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s control and lighting systems also enables the setting of the optimal growth parameters for each individual strain, this so the desired nutritional profile of the strains can be formed. These cultivation procedures in combination with gentle harvesting, dewatering and packaging processes guarantees nutritious and bio-secure concentrated paste products with very high cell survivability and almost purely intact cells. Our R&D team are continuously improving our existing cultivars and develop new ones based on the needs and demands of our hatchery customers. We cooperate with some of the leading universities, research institutes and industrial partners in Europe who assist in developing, testing and quality-assuring our products. This to make sure that every Aquapaste bag produced, packed and shipped from our facility passes our rigid controls.

Aquapaste

The Aquapaste product line has been developed to meet the needs from marine fish-, shrimp-, and filtering molluscs hatcheries since microalgae are essential for their operations. Main objectives in the development of the Aquapaste has been to bring out a product line that is easy to use, behaves like fresh microalgae in the water column, provides the desired nutritional values as well as offering value-for-money to the hatcheries.

18 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FEATURE

All products in the Aquapaste range are supplied as concentrated paste, either fresh or frozen. For easy handling, product security and long shelf-lives all products are pre-packaged in conveniently sized polynylon vacuum bags that preserves the concentrated paste according to FDA standards of feed packaging. By using insulated cooling and freeze box transporting systems, we are together with our logistic partners able to deliver our products to hatcheries within a few days, regardless of location. First out in the Aquapaste line has been the Nannochloropsis, a paste with high cell concentration and nutritional profile that provide live prey such as rotifers with the right balance of protein, vitamins and essential fatty acid enrichments. Next to be introduced in the Aquapaste line are diatom and flagellate concentrated pastes, both specially developed to provide shrimp and mollusc larvae with the necessary nutritive values. With a high cell integrity, absolute single cell disparity and great water column buoyancy, all our Aquapaste products has the characteristics and attributes of fresh live microalgae when poured into the culture tanks or Green Water systems.

Easy and convenient

For a hatchery to cultivate sufficient volumes of various species of microalgae required for successful larvae production is often challenging. It is labour and resource intensive and not seldom the most expensive and technically demanding aspect of all operations at the hatchery. Additionally, there is the imminent risk of culture crashes, which if they occur at the wrong time, can jeopardize the whole larvae production and cause severe monetary losses for the hatchery. Being able to cultivate microalgae biomass continuously in

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a closed and fully automized bioreactor system 24/7, not only ensure the bio-security and nutritional values of the Aquapaste. It also enables high production outputs with constant quality levels, which assures stable supply and deliveries to customers. Other fundamental elements in our production processes are the gentle harvesting, dewatering and packaging, which guarantees very high cell survivability and intact cells in the Aquapaste. This is of great significance as low numbers of broken cells greatly reduces the formation of biofilms in the culture tanks as well as minimises the creation of free oils on the water surface. Through always having products in stock at our warehouse, we are able to offer just-intime deliveries and supply our customers with the best service, highest quality products and making sure our customersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; needs always come first, without compromising. www.aliga.dk

20 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FEATURE

Commercially available methionine sources and its implications on aquaculture feeds

by Dr Alexandros Samartzis Senior Technical Service Manager, Evonik

ll living organisms, including fish and crustaceans, do not require protein per se, but amino acids (AA), the building blocks of proteins. All AA structurally contain three common parts: a central carbon bond to a hydrogen, a nitrogen containing amino group and a carboxylic group. Proteins, consisted of few up to thousands of AA, having numerous structural and metabolic functions. In animal production, the most direct result of AA deficiencies translates to reduced growth. Traditionally, it was the economic incentive, which resulted in the use of supplemental AA in diet formulation. However, there has been a gradual evolution with more emphasis directed towards sustainability and total nutrient supply. In aquaculture feed formulations, Methionine (Met) is usually the first limiting essential amino acid (EAA) especially in low fish meal (FM) diets. It is therefore, required to include a supplemental source of Met in order to meet the feeds’ specification, targeting the animal’s requirement for this particular EAA. While evaluating supplemental nutrients or additives for use in feed formulation, three parameters needs to be considered: (i) nutritional value (biological effectiveness) of the supplemental nutrient, (ii) stability, homogeneity etc. during the feed production process and (iii) physical properties of the nutrient source during feeding practice. There are several commercially available Met sources in the market like DL-Met (DL-Methionine for Aquaculture), DL-Methionyl-DL-Methionine (AQUAVI® Met-Met), L-Met (L-Methionine), Methionine Hydroxy Analogue-free acid (MHAFA or liquid MHA) and Methionine Hydroxy Analogue calcium salt (MHA-Ca). Both terrestrial and aquatic animals can utilise crystalline AA such as Methionine; however, the biological availability of the different methionine sources differs greatly. The differences in biological availability are a reflection of differences in product matrix, digestibility, transport mechanism and metabolic conversion requirements. DL-Met, as well as the dipeptide DL-Methionyl-DL-Methionine (Met-Met), are the racemic mixture of D- and L-isomer of Methionine and are commercially available as feed additive, with 99 percent DL-Met and 95% Met-Met (95% DL-Methionyl-DLMethionine and 2% DL-Met) purity, respectively. As only the L-isomer can be utilized for the protein synthesis by the animals’

body, D-isomer is metabolically converted to L-isomer first through oxidation to keto-Methionine by the enzyme D-amino oxidase and then transaminated by transaminase enzyme to L-Met. The enzymes required in the conversion of D-form to L-form are not at a rate-limiting factor in fish and shrimp alike poultry and swine. On the other hand, MHA-Ca and MHA-FA are also racemic mixtures of its D- and L-isomer. MHA-Ca consists of about 84 percent MHA monomer, 12 percent calcium and four percent water and MHA-FA, 65 percent monomer, 23 percent dimers/ trimers and the remaining 12 percent water. Chemically, both MHA-Ca and MHA-FA cannot be classified as an AA. AA contains both a carboxyl (COOH) and amino group (NH2), however, in Methionine Hydroxy Analogue, the NH2 group is replaced by a hydroxyl (OH) group and for that reason cannot be classified as an amino acid (Dibner 2003). Methionine Hydroxy Analogue has to undergo a series of metabolic transformation in order to be utilised by the animals. Through a dehydrogenase reaction, it is first converted to a-keto analogue of methionine and then to the utilisable L-methionine via a transaminase reaction. Finally L-Met is also commercially available as a feed additive with 99 percent purity and do not require any conversion as the L form can be utilised by the body. It is however clearly stated

22 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FEATURE

by the National Research Council based on nutritional studies (NRC, 2011), fish and shrimp can use D-Met to replace L-Met on an equimolar basis. Evonik Animal Nutrition compiled a recent critical review, updating the original publication entitled ‘Relative bioavailability of methionine sources in fish’ (Lemme, 2010), with all the latest scientific publications and industry trial data on both fish and shrimp. Several studies comparing the nutritional value of MHA products with DL-Met conducted in fish concluded that both MHA-FA and MHA-Ca are significantly less available than DL-Met (Lemme 2010; Lemme et al. 2012; Figueiredo-Silva et al. 2014; Powell et al. 2017). By applying regression analysis and comparing the slopes for weight gain between Met sources, revealed nutritional value of MHA-Ca relative to DL-Met varied between 22 percent in Nile tilapia and channel catfish to 62 percent in red drum on weight to weight basis (wt/wt), as presented in Table 1 and Figure 1. At this point it is worth explaining the meaning of equimolar and wt/wt basis with a simple example. According to NRC (2011), “on the basis of available experimental evidences, the committee considers it reasonable to assume that the biological efficacy of HMB (2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid known as MHA) for fish is about 75 to 80% that of DL-Met on a equimolar basis”. The equimolar ratio, results from in vivo scientific experiments determining the relative bioavailability of the tested nutrient sources through the analysis of key growth performance parameters of a dose response trial using regression analysis. The translation to the wt/wt basis is by multiplying the equimolar ratio of the two Met sources with the active ingredient of the product. As mentioned above DL-Met has >99 percent Methionine purity and MHA-Ca 84 percent 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid hence, with an equimolar basis of 77 percent, MHA-Ca has around 65 percent biological efficacy on a wt/wt basis compared to DL-Met [77 (equimolar) x 0.84 (MHA content in the MHA-Ca product) = 65%]. Further studies comparing DL-Met and L-Met showed a nonstatistically significant but slightly lower bioavailability of L-Met (82-83%) relative to DL-Met in salmonids. This requires further investigation, but agrees with earlier data obtained in salmon (Sveier et al. 2001), rainbow trout (Kim et al. 1992) and in hybrid striped bass (Keembiyehetty and Gatlin III, 1995), showing that D- and/or DL-Met are at least as effective as L-Met. The simultaneous regression analysis from a recent study in Indonesia in L. vannamei revealed that the nutritional efficiency of MetMet relative to L-Methionine is 194 percent based on biomass gain, 190 percent for SGR and 212 percent based on FCR (Figure 2; Facts and Figure 1634). Further studies in L. vannamei with Met-Met show a higher bioavailability ranging from 178 percent up to 298 percent compared with DL-Met establishing an average minimum of 200 percent bioavailability of Met-Met relative to DL-Met as well as, on average a 65 percent bioavailability International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 23

FEATURE Table 1: Nutritional Value of different Met sources relatively to DL-Met (wt/wt comparison to DL-Met & Met-Met) Fish Channel catfish

Response criteria

Analysis

MHA-Ca

MHA-FA

L-Met

Met-Met

Weight gain

Slope-ratio

100

Publication Robinson et al. 1978

Hybrid striped bass

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio

Li et al. 2009

Hybrid striped bass

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio*

*reanalysed by Lemme 2010 (Keembiyehetty and Gatlin, 1995)

Red drum

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio*

*reanalysed by Lemme 2010 (Goff and Gatlin, 2004)

Hybrid striped bass Nile Tilapia Common carp

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio*

*reanalysed by Lemme 2010 (Kelly et al. 2006)

Specific Growth Rate

Slope-ratio

Lemme et al. 2012; Facts & Figures 1615

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio

Facts & Figures 1617

Atlantic salmon

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio

Figueiredo-Silva et al. 2014; Facts & Figures 1620

Rainbow trout

Weight Gain

Slope-ratio

Powell et al. 2017

Response criteria

Analysis

MHA-Ca

MHA-FA

L-Met

Met-Met

L. Vannamei

Shrimp

Specific Growth Rate

Slope-ratio

178

Facts & Figures 1623

L. Vannamei

Specific Growth Rate

Slope-ratio

298

Facts & Figures 1624

L. Vannamei

Specific Growth Rate, FCR

Validation study

200

Facts & Figures 1631

for MHA-CA compared with DL-Met as it was validated in the Thailand trial (Table 1, Figure 2). It is not only the nutritional value of the different Met sources, but the physical characteristics of the products are equally important. Feed milling calls for extra attention looking at the caking tendency and flowability of the different Met sources as well as the mixability and homogenous distribution of the critical and costly nutrients in the feeds. Hence, the average size of the particles is considered as one of the main factors for the mixing homogeneity in the feeds. Finally, a critical parameter in aquaculture feeds is the solubility and leaching of the supplemental nutrients, like Met, especially

Publication

since the feeding takes place exclusively in salt or fresh water. In vitro tests proved that the water solubility levels of each of the commercially available Met sources also vary significantly. As presented in Figure 3, the dipeptide (Met-Met) being five to 10 times less water soluble compared to other commercially available Met sources. Since the nutrients’ leaching from the pellets is strongly related to the feeding behavior of the targeted aquaculture species. Thus, Met-Met is more suitable to crustaceans where the feed stays for a prolonged time in the water before it is fully consumed. www.evonik.com

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TURNING FUEL INTO FOOD, RATHER THAN FOOD INTO FUEL by Unibio, Denmark

The world needs sustainable solutions to overcome the food challenges of the 21st century. Therefore, we do need to figure out how we can feed the growing world population when agriculture land per capita is decreasing and how we can produce more protein in a sustainable way without polluting our planet.

Figure 2: The unique U-Loop® technology producing the bacterial protein meal Uniprotein®.

produce food for humans instead of feed for animals. Unibio’s unique bacterial fermentation technology is called U-Loop® technology and was developed in cooperation with the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). The U-Loop® technology is based on a process occurring in nature every day, which has been transformed into a bioindustrial setting (Figure 2). Natural gas (methane) is converted into nibio is a Danish biotech Uniprotein® that can be used as a protein-rich, healthy and company founded in 2001. Its main focus is to supply sustainable ingredient in feed for all animals. solutions to the challenge of The U-Loop® technology ensures optimal growth conditions protein scarcity in an ecofor the bacteria by ensuring an optimal feeding environment friendly way while addressing through liquid movement, fermentation temperature and input the environmental issues of control. overfishing, deforestation, use The bacteria eat methane and double in number every second of pesticides and fertilisers, hour, and the liquid is transformed into a protein broth. The exhaustion of farm lands and water resources. Unibio has tailor-made technology of the U-Loop® fermenter speeds up unique competencies within fermentation technologies the natural process significantly as a vertical fermenter design allowing a highly scalable production of protein with the has been developed which can handle a large volumetric gas use of methanotroph bacteria. Methane is converted into the fraction, significantly improving average production. This highly concentrated bacterial protein meal, Uniprotein®, in allows a much more energy-efficient transport of nutrients from gas phase to liquid phase at a much higher rate compared to an environmentally friendly manner with a minimum use of conventional bioreactors. The special U-Loop® fermentation energy and water. Since the foundation, Unibio’s goal has been to provide technology thus adds a new and sustainable protein production the world with innovative sustainable solutions to meet the method to the traditional food value chain. challenges of a growing global population and sustained Uniprotein® is grown by an aerobic fermentation of growth in living standards, which have increased the global methane by applying four different bacteria with the demand for fish and meat for human consumption. With the methanotrophic bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus being use of Unibio’s biotechnological the major one. It is a protein-rich innovations the company is able biomass produced by the microbial Table 1: Maximum inclusion levels of Uniprotein® in to decouple protein production culture of the four different bacteria animal diets based on initial studies. from the fluctuating and limited with methane as the sole carbon Species Inclusion level (% of diet) agricultural sector (Figure 1) and and energy source. The bacterial Fish (Atlantic salmon) 36%2 the volatile fishing industries. biomass is heat-treated (UHT) for a 1 Thus, a change in the protein short period of time to kill the host Broiler 12% value chain occurs where bacteria in the fermentation process Pig 15% 3,4 proteins can be produced by the and to sterilise the product and is then Mink 8% 5 bioindustry as feed for animals, spray-dried into a powder or pellet Dog (blue fox) 12% 6 and cropland can be used to product. The main nutrient content 26 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FEATURE

content of up to 36 of the Uniprotein® percent in the diet powder product is has resulted in an approximately 70 improved specific percent crude protein, growth rate (22%) nine percent crude fat, and a significantly nine percent ash and higher feed eight percent nitrogenefficiency ratio free extracts (NFE) (10%) compared with a dry matter to fishmeal diets. content of 94 percent. Inclusion levels of Being used as a feed for bacterial protein animals, Uniprotein® Figure 1: Timeline showing the amount of arable land against the world population stating that the number of hectares per capita is meal of up to 36% is very comparable decreasing with the increasing world population. also showed a to the composition of higher retention premium fishmeal. of nitrogen (16%) Also, the amino and a higher acid composition of retention of energy (14%) compared to a fishmeal control Uniprotein®, and especially the content of the essential diet2. These results indicate that inclusion of bacterial protein amino acids, is similar to that of fishmeal, which makes it an ideal protein ingredient in feed for animals (Figure 3). meal improves the gut health of the fish and the function In the testing of Uniprotein® as a feed for fish and livestock, of the gastrointestinal tract, thus increasing digestion and utilisation of the nutrients. The gut health improving effects it has been shown to be a suitable replacement for fishmeal of bacterial protein meal in feed for fish are also seen when and soybean meal1. Due to different requirements of different bacterial protein meal is fed together with soybean meal, species, different inclusion levels of Uniprotein® are thereby preventing soybean-induced enteritis7. It has been recommended (Table 1). In addition to the fact that Uniprotein® is a suitable shown that nucleic acids and phospholipids may be beneficial to the homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract8,9. The crude replacement for fishmeal and soybean meal due to its chemical composition, it has also been shown to have some fat of Uniprotein® consists mainly of phospholipids, which positive immune stimulatory effects in the gastrointestinal together with the nucleic acids may affect the immune tract of salmonid species7. In salmon a bacterial protein meal reactions and improve the intestinal growth and the

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“Inclusion of Uniprotein® in the feed leads to increased digestion and utilisation of the nutrients for both fish and monogastric animals" meal with replacement of fishmeal on a one-to-one basis have also been shown to increase the survival rate from 84 percent in the control group to 93-97 percent in the group with 100 percent replacement of fishmeal with bacterial protein meal. Also, growth was improved in terms of total shrimp weight in all bacterial protein meal diet groups, showing equivalent to or improved growth compared to the control diet group10. Other monogastric animals such as pigs, broilers, mink and dogs have also shown some positive responses in relation to health and digestion when fed with bacterial protein meal. Inclusion levels of 12 percent for weaned piglets have resulted in increased average daily gain (up to 33%) and average daily feed intake (15%) 11. In growing pigs, inclusion levels of up to 15 percent match the nitrogen retention rate seen in cereal- and soybean meal-based diets, and the overall protein and energy metabolism in growing pigs is not affected when up to 15 percent bacterial protein meal is incorporated in the feed3. For broilers, up to 12 percent bacterial protein meal in the feed improves feed efficiency by six percent, while mink and dogs can be Figure 3: The bacterial protein meal, Uniprotein®, compared with premium fishmeal and soybean meal. fed with an inclusion level of eight percent and 12 percent, respectively, and have an equally high digestibility rate, average daily gain and growth response compared to a fishmeal control diet5,6. Despite the positive effects on the animals’ health and improved digestion, Uniprotein® is also a very sustainable protein nutrient source because of its ability to grow rapidly on substrates with minimum dependence on soil, water and climate1. Unibio’s game-changing green technology thus really makes a difference for the future and is the most optimal production form in terms of environmental and sustainable aspects with respect to Figure 4: Illustration of the environmentally friendly production of the bacterial protein meal Uniprotein®. land use and water footprint (Figure

gastrointestinal differentiation in the digestive tract of the fish8,9. Thus, Uniprotein® may trigger the immune response in the gastrointestinal tract of the fish and thereby prevent soybeaninduced enteritis7. It is not only in fish that bacterial protein meal has been shown to have some positive effects on the immune response. In shrimp, inclusion levels of up to 100 percent bacterial protein

28 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FEATURE

4). The fermentation technology itself constitutes a financially solid business model with significant growth in predicable and recurring revenue with a high security of supply and no commercial volatility in terms of quantities available and sales prices.

To summarise and conclude

• Uniprotein is an important and valuable protein source that can be used in feed for fish and animals with high benefits. • Inclusion of Uniprotein® in the feed leads to increased digestion and utilisation of the nutrients for both fish and monogastric animals. • Bacterial protein meal stimulates the immune response, prevents fish from suffering from enteritis and increases the survival rate for shrimp. • Uniprotein® can provide savings on feed quantities through for instance an increase in the specific growth rate and the feed efficiency ratio, due to its gut health improving factors. • The production of Uniprotein® is a naturally occurring process, and Uniprotein® contains neither antibiotics nor pesticide residues • The process remains non-GMO. www.unibio.dk ®

3. 4. 5.

8. 9.

References

1. Øverland, M., Tauson, A.-H., Shearer, K. & Skrede, A. Evaluation of methane-utilising bacteria products as feed ingredients for monogastric animals. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 64, 171–189 (2010). 2. Aas, T. S., Grisdale-Helland, B., Terjesen, B. F. & Helland,

10. 11.

S. J. Improved growth and nutrient utilisation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed diets containing a bacterial protein meal. Aquaculture 259, 365–376 (2006). Hellwing, A. L. F., Tauson, A.-H., Kjos, N. P. & Skrede, A. Bacterial protein meal in diets for growing pigs: effects on protein and energy metabolism. animal 1, 45 (2007). Øverland, M., Skrede, A. & Matre, T. Bacterial Protein Grown on Natural Gas as Feed for Pigs. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. A - Anim. Sci. 51, 97–106 (2001). Hellwing, A. L. F., Tauson, A.-H., Ahlstrøm, Ø. & Skrede, A. Nitrogen and energy balance in growing mink (Mustela vison) fed different levels of bacterial protein meal produced with natural gas. Arch Anim Nutr. 59, 335–352 (2005). Skrede, A. & Ahlstrøm, Ø. Bacterial protein produced on natural gas: a new potential feed ingredient for dogs evaluated using the blue fox as a model. J. Nutr. 132, 1668S–9S (2002). Romarheim, O. H., Overland, M., Mydland, L. T., Skrede, A. & Landsverk, T. Bacteria Grown on Natural Gas Prevent Soybean Meal-Induced Enteritis in Atlantic Salmon. J. Nutr. 141, 124–130 (2011). Li, P. & Gatlin, D. M. Nucleotide nutrition in fish: Current knowledge and future applications. Aquaculture 251, 141–152 (2006). Sturm, A. & Dignass, A. U. Modulation of gastrointestinal wound repair and inflammation by phospholipids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1582, 282–8 (2002). Fletcher, R. Shrimp thrive on fishmeal replacement. (2017). Øverland, M., Skrede, A. & Matre, T. Bacterial Protein Grown on Natural Gas as Feed for Pigs. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. A - Anim. Sci. 51, 97–106 (2001).

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International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 29

EXPERT TOPIC SHRIMP

INTRODUCTION SHRIMP EXPERT TOPIC by Vaughn Entwistle, Features Editor, International Aquafeed

Shrimp are a variety of swimming crustacean that are widespread and abundant thanks to their ability to adapt to all nearly all forms of marine environment. While marine shrimp are typically found near coasts and estuaries, freshwater breeds can be found in many of the worldsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; rivers, lakes and ponds. Shrimp are an essential part of the marine food chain and are consumed by larger animals ranging from fish to whales. They have long been sought after for human consumption, especially in countries and cultures that rely upon seafood for a large part of their diet. Not surprisingly, shrimp were one of the first aquatic species to be intensively farmed and now farmed shrimp account for 55 percent of the shrimp produced globally. About 75 percent of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s farmed shrimp are produced in Asia, principally in China followed by Thailand, Indonesia, India, and Vietnam. The other 25 percent is produced in Latin American countries, such as Brazil, Mexico and Ecuador. Shrimp farming is also rapidly growing in many developing countries, such as Bangladesh. Shrimp farming is starting to catch on in the United States, mostly in the southern states (Texas and Florida) that enjoy the kind of warmer climate necessary for shrimp. Here, shrimp are typically raised in earthen ponds similar to those used to raise catfish. While there are thousands of species of shrimp worldwide, only

a small number of these species are commercially significant. All farmed freshwater prawns today belong to the genus Macrobrachium. Until 2000, the only species farmed was the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii, also known as the Malaysian prawn). Since then, China has begun farming the Oriental river prawn (M. nipponense) in large quantities, while India farms a small amount of monsoon river prawn (M. malcolmsonii). In 2003, these three species accounted for all farmed freshwater prawns, about two-thirds M. rosenbergii and one-third M. nipponense. One of the most popular species is the Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the Giant Malaysian Prawn, which is a freshwater prawn, native of South Asia. The farming of freshwater shrimp shares some similarities and some differences to marine shrimp, although most of the complications in farming freshwater shrimp relate to the developmental life cycle of the shrimp, which may require brackish water to survive in their larval stage, but then the shrimp must be moved to fresh water as they reach maturity. Inland hatcheries produce brackish water by mixing freshwater with seawater transported from the coast, brine trucked from salt pans, or artificial seawater. Freshwater prawns are reared in a variety of freshwater enclosures, including tanks, irrigation ditches, cages, pens, reservoirs, although the commonest form are earthen ponds, which typically supply the best yields for commercial farming. Whether the shrimp are raised in ponds, pools, or containers, it is essential to supply them with a flow of fresh, clean, oxygenated water.

30 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

EXPERT TOPIC

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SHRIMP

EXPERT TOPIC SHRIMP

SHRIMP

EXPERT TOPIC Using artificial intelligence to improve shrimp post-larvae quality

by Valerie Robitaille, CEO of XpertSea

or years, aquaculture lagged far behind agriculture in the use of advanced technologies, which negatively affected efficiency, profits and sustainability across the industry. But recently, with the introduction of new technologies, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re starting to see big changes in how fish and seafood are farmed. Canadian technology company XpertSea is now bringing AI and related technologies to the aquaculture industry, which produces more than 50 percent of the sea-based protein consumed around the world. Since 2011, XpertSea has developed solutions that transform aquaculture into a modern, efficient and sustainable source of food for our planet. The XpertSea platform replaces traditional hand-counting with precision hardware and software tools for rapidly counting and analysing aquatic species, with 95 percent accuracy or better. Combining artificial intelligence, computer vision and the Internet of Things, the XpertSea solution is increasing the availability of quality food, reducing the environmental impact of food production, and improving profitability across the aquaculture food chain. The future of aquaculture through animal data In contrast to agriculture, much of the work performed in shrimp hatcheries is still done manually. For example, counting is done by hand. Shrimp post-larvae are still sized by hand to determine growth and feed, and even health assessment is done by visual inspection. All of these methods are unreliable and time-consuming, and as a result the industry tends not to collect much animal data. This creates real challenges, because in a livestock industry, the most important data to collect and understand is the animal data.

32 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

EXPERT TOPIC

SHRIMP

However, the challenge is not only to collect animal data, but more importantly to collect accurate animal data that can provide important insights.

Data-driven decisions to modernise the shrimp industry and increase profitability

XpertSea has visited over 250 shrimp producers around the world. These on-site visits revealed that in Southeast Asia, shrimp farmers lose an average of 50 percent of their production solely due to practices that cause stress for the organisms and make them vulnerable to disease. To solve this problem, XpertSea developed the XperCount, a smart device for counting and sizing early-stage aquatic organisms such as shrimp post-larvae and live feed. Made of FDA-approved materials, the device and its counting process are 100 percent safe for live aquatic organisms. Known by customers as the “Magic Bucket,” the XperCount is a portable device with a user-friendly touch screen. A fully connected device, it uploads data to an analytics platform that can be accessed from anywhere. With advanced cameras and sensors, the XperCount uses two different imaging concepts — optics and photonics — as well as machine learning to gather information. This eliminates the compromise between speed and accuracy found in traditional counting methods such as hand counting. Using the XperCount is simple. After selecting the relevant app for the animal type to be counted, the technician follows directions on the touchscreen interface. Depending on the species, the technician places a sample of between 250 ml and several liters in the bucket. The XperCount then automatically counts the animals and calculates their length, while storing photos for visual assessment and record keeping. Data for different

organisms and samples is stored in the cloud, so that quality parameters can be securely accessed from anywhere and tracked over time. This business-friendly technological approach moves aquaculture inventory management firmly into the 21st Century. Having precise, reliable data empowers everyone along the aquaculture food chain to make informed business decisions, based on factors like the number of organisms in a production, their size and health, the amount of feed they required, the precise quantity of a shipment, and growth trends over time. Standardising these practices and making business transactions transparent is a giant leap forward for the aquaculture industry and a path to greater profits. XpertSea continually works toward developing new counting applications to fit the needs of all types of aquaculture producers and to make the XperCount as flexible a device as possible. A host of applications are available to assess the quality control of shrimp nauplii and post-larvae (L. Vannamei and P. Monodon)

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International Aquafeed - July Aquafeed 2018 | 33 33 | July 2018 - International

EXPERT TOPIC

SHRIMP well as artemia nauplii, rotifers and various types of microalgae (Chaetoceros; Nannochloropsis; Thalassiosira; Skeletonema; Tetraselmis; Isochrysis; Odontella; Chlorella). Applications for Nile Tilapia larvae and Rainbow Trout eggas and larvae) will soon be released.

Hatchery benefits

Shrimp hatcheries using the XpertSea solution can rapidly optimise the accuracy of their post-larvae production while gaining new insights that lead to better business decisions. Shrimp hatchery managers save time and money by eliminating time-consuming hand counting and hand sizing. Production managers maximise post-larvae survival by packing the right amount and improve their relationships with buyers by providing independent proof of the total shipment quantity. They also reduce production costs and avoid wasting feed by knowing the exact number of their organisms. Quality control managers improve live feed culture management by tracking microalgae cell density and artemia hatching rates to optimise their harvest and product quality. The XperCount also allows them to limit the impact of disease by keeping their organisms healthy with optimised stocking densities and feeding. And with the online portal, decision makers can track growth and quality with informative and easy to understand reporting from anywhere and at any time.

Farm benefits

The benefits of this technological approach are many. Shrimp farmers can keep their animals healthy and optimally fed by precisely stocking the perfect amount. They can quickly and accurately evaluate each shipment they receive and monitor their animals during grow-out.

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EXPERT TOPIC

SHRIMP

BALANCE IS EVERYTHING!

Farmers can sample supplier runs with the XperCount to analyse quality parameters and visually inspect physical characteristics before purchasing. By keeping track of performance, they can choose the best suppliers and increase yield.

Research centre benefits

Academics using the XperCount are now able to accurately count various types of live feed and a wide range of aquatic animals. They can remove human error and variability with consistent and automated data acquisition. They can also eliminate time-consuming and strenuous hand counting and sizing through using the device.

Canadian technology to help feed the world

XpertSea employs more than 35 people in specialties from machine learning and computer vision to data science, software engineering and animal nutrition, with local representatives and partners in Asia, South America and Europe. With this new technology used in 48 countries, shrimp producers can now get accurate data enabling them to make informed decisions. With more than 10 billion organisms counted and more than 100,000 aquaculture production reports uploaded on the platform, aquaculture producers are improving their processes, increase their yields, and operating in a more sustainable manner. www.xpertsea.com/xpercount

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EXPERT TOPIC

SHRIMP

CASE STUDY:

How a Vietnamese shrimp hatchery uses XpertSea’s camera-based technology to improve production management The Customer: Vinhthinh Biostadt Hatchery (VTBH) started as a joint venture between the Vietnamese Vinhthinh agro-forestry products processing and industry corporation, and the Indian company Biostadt Group. They produce Vannamei post-larvae feed for aquaculture producers, and products to improve the quality and efficiency of the aquaculture industry. As a company that is always on the lookout for new products to improve their own production, VTBH was excited to discover the XperCount and implemented it only two months after XpertSea opened.

The challenge

Like many aquaculture producers, VTBH found that they were spending too much time counting their post-larvae before and during packing. Quality control technicians needed 15 minutes to count just one sample and were limited by the number of samples that could be counted before finalising a shipment. The inaccuracy and human error associated with manual counting also made it challenging to guarantee the accuracy of their shipments, and often caused conflicts with farmers when the order was later counted at the farm. “Previously it cost too much time and effort to manually count all our samples. One man needed 15 minutes to finish one small sample,” Mr Thành, Hatchery Manager, Vinhthinh Biostadt. 36 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

EXPERT TOPIC The solution

In order to improve the accuracy of their counting and the efficiency of their shipping process, VTBH turned to the XperCount. Before the packing process begins, a spoon of PL is counted using the XperCount. The spoon is calibrated to contain the correct number of post larvae as specified by the order. Through the shipment, three additional bags are selected and counted for quality assurance. “All of our quality control employees now use the XperCount. One person can easily count more samples than the entire team could before,” explained Mr Thành, Hatchery Manager, Vinhthinh Biostadt With this new process, VTBH quickly realised how much time and effort was saved and made it a central part of their shipping operation. Their shipping bottleneck was solved.

The results

By using the XperCount, VTBH has reduced its counting time by 60 percent and increased counting accuracy to more than 95 percent. They have increased the number of samples counted from one to three bags per order, providing VTBH managers with a more accurate assessment of the overall shipment quantity. In doing so, they have effectively minimised complaints from farmers, and feel confident that their customers always receive the right amount. “Using the XperCount is much faster than the old method. It has really improved our shipping area,” said Thành, Hatchery Manager, Vinhthinh Biosta. VTBH digitises their entire shipment process with the XperCount. At any time, the production manager and the quality control manager can access shipment reports with detailed information such as the precision of the shipment, the number of bags, the quantity of post-larvae shipped and the margin of errors. Furthermore, with the XpertSea Analytics Portal, the company can now keep track of all the transactions online. VTBH optimises more than 100 shipments per month with the XperCount, at times processing shipments 10 times faster than without the technology. By taking the guesswork out of aquaculture inventory management, companies like VTBH are avoiding waste, making better business decisions, and using precise data to increase their top-line profits. International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 37

SHRIMP

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Aeration with Ceramic Micro Bubble Diffusers By Dietmar Firzlaff, aquaFUTURE, USA

One of the oldest technologies known to mankind is the use of ceramics. For around 25,000 years ceramic clay materials have been taken from the earth, shaped, fired and used by humans for purposes of making pottery for storing food and water, ovens for cooking and melting metals to fashion into tools and weapons. Ceramic technology has advanced significantly over the past few decades.

The development of high temperature ceramics for space shuttle tiles, electrical insulators, bullet proof vests, artificial hip joints and superconductors for electronics all have made great impacts in advancing civilisationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s overall technology. Unfortunately, very little has been done in the past 30 years to improve traditional ceramic micro bubble diffusers for aquaculture. Since the invention of a mechanical air pump in 1908 that opened the doors for the beneficial aeration in aquatic systems, traditional air stones were invented. These have been fashioned from limewood or porous stones. Although fish farming has advanced in recent years and the most common methods used for aeration have been proven to be energy intensive (paddle wheels) or inefficient due to the formation of large bubbles as shown by porous hoses or even membrane diffusers, the costs of this equipment soon outweigh the long-term operational costs of wasted electricity and oxygen. These methods of aeration are unfortunately still popular and available due to misleading advertisements, insufficient infrastructure and possible lack of finance to upgrade to a modern practical technique. In the 1980s, with advances in industrial porous ceramics for water filtration and catalysts, micro bubble diffusers were developed to address the need for more efficient and reliable aeration in fish farming. Fish stocking capacity is primarily limited by oxygen availability and therefore needs a reliable system to boost oxygen levels. These newly developed rectangular ceramic diffusers have traditionally been used in intensive fish farming to aerate water effectively during the transporting of fish, as a backup system when there is a pump or power failure, or simply to increase Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels when required: e.g. during feeding or weather heat spells when fish require more oxygen and DO levels drop. This new type of ceramic diffuser showed, in comparison to other methods of aeration, a very efficient way of increasing DO levels, but they lacked durability. Ceramics are very rigid and are therefore prone to breaking from over pressurising or accidental dropping during handling. Ceramic pores tend to clog up with algae growth over time thus decreasing performance. In addition, these diffusers show failure due to corrosion of the aluminium base and brass fittings, still being used to date to house the ceramic membrane for some popular diffusers designed over 30 years ago. Unfortunately, over the past few years, some major brands of diffuser have given ceramics a bad reputation in the aquaculture industry. The quality of one brand deteriorated significantly since it outsourced its manufacturing. Another major brand, a cheaper version marketed by many corporate equipment suppliers, tends to break spontaneously. This has resulted in some fish farmers choosing alternative, somewhat controversial oxygenation methods. Enviro Ceramic Diffusers were developed with a long lifespan and aeration efficiency in mind. In addition, it challenges the design of simple rectangular ceramic diffusers. Since 2010, Enviro Ceramic has continually studied and identified the key features required to optimise the efficiency of diffusers and addressed some of the main causes of failure during use.

Optimising Efficiency

Efficiency means reducing losses. Losses for diffusers are measured in oxygen consumption vs. maintaining safe DO levels for the fish and this is all measured in relation to energy costs. Diffuser performance optimisation can be achieved by tweaking the ceramic to produce the smallest possible bubbles and its overall design features. These include: the smaller the bubble generated, the higher its capability for gas absorption into the water, efficiently increasing the DO levels. The bubble size depends mainly on the ceramic pore sizes, the number of pores per given area and their distribution over its surface and also on the surface tension between the ceramic surface and water interface. 38 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY “We found very interesting evidence on how porosity and its sizes as well as the hydrophilic nature of the ceramic influences the bubble sizes generated,” says Kurt Holzträger, MD of Enviro Ceramic. “The surface tension ensures that the water shears off the newly formed bubble from clinging onto the ceramic surface. The faster it is released from the surface, the smaller it remains. This can also be observed with water side currents that greatly decrease bubble size”. “Another important factor is pore size: the smaller the ceramics pores are, the smaller the bubbles generated. We have analysed our ceramic compared to some competitor’s material with sophisticated porosity measurement equipment”. It was found that the ECD ceramic not only has a higher percentage of pores per given surface area, but also the smallest pores of 0.5 micron. The ECD not only generates smaller bubbles, but also generates an optimum amount of bubbles per area as it needs less pressure to achieve a given flow rate. Measurement of bubble sizes is a very technical subject and currently no standards exist for the testing of diffusers’ bubble sizes. The most common test method is with a high-speed camera and the resulting pictures of the bubbles are measured using sophisticated software to determine the sizes and distribution of the bubbles at various heights in the water. “We have analysed our bubble sizes with a high-speed camera and found them to be an average of 125 micron at a water depth of 40 cm. Unfortunately, the software could not determine bubble sizes under 50 microns as some bubbles will be in the Nano size range (under 1 micron). “New independent tests are being done with more accurate technology to determine our bubble size distribution and this will be published as soon as available”.

Enviro Ceramic has moved away from the traditional rectangular design of the common diffusers available in the market. This rectangular shape is mainly used because it is easier to press the ceramic tile and huge volumes can be manufactured cheaply with little effort. Enviro Ceramic utilises a unique ceramic forming technique where complex designed technical

PERFECTION RIGHT DOWN TO THE CORE OF THE PRODUCT The Wynveen vacuumcoater can be used for the addition of extra fats, oils and liquid enzymes to pellets and extrudates. This technology

A Triott Company

ensures even absorption of the liquids into the pellet core, after completion of all mechanical and thermal processes.

WWW.WYNVEEN.COM

International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 39

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY ceramics can be cast to shape without the need for machining the ceramic before firing. “We have spent long innovative thoughts on our design and after many discussions came up with the doughnut design” – this novel patented design generates an air lift of water into the gas stream through the central hole. This concept moves anaerobic water from the tank floor to be aerated, increasing efficiency. This is something that the rectangular shapes can never physically achieve. An important factor in increasing efficiency is having the right set up, following the recommended user instructions and specifications. The ideal installation for diffusers is to have good quality supporting equipment. An oxygen generator or oxygen bottles (for back up) with a pressure-reducing regulator feeds oxygen to a solenoid magneto valve. This valve is linked to a controller that has an optical oxygen sensor in the water monitoring DO levels. When the DO levels drop below the set value, then the controller sends a signal to open the solenoid valve and oxygen flows through the set flow meters to the diffusers. The diffusers will pump oxygen into the water and, once the required saturation has been achieved, the DO sensor signals the controller to switch off the solenoid valve. This keeps the oxygen at an optimum level, minimising waste and ensuring safe conditions for profitable fish farming.

Addressing Diffuser failure

Ceramics, like crockery, will break when dropped. Ceramic micro bubble diffusers need to be able to withstand tough conditions underwater and during routine maintenance. Various factors affect the life of a diffuser. “We have identified diffuser failure issues,” Holzträger explains, “and are resolving them by applying resourcefulness to our product”!

Here a few examples: galvanic corrosion is an electrochemical reaction that occurs when two dissimilar metals make contact in the presence of an electrolyte: e.g. salt water. The most popular diffusers marketed to date are made with dissimilar metals. An aluminium housing is used with brass fittings for hose connectors. The aluminium is anodic and corrodes (even if coated with epoxy), while the brass acts as a cathode. This ensures that corrosion destroys the housing with time. Enviro Ceramic has addressed this by using only marine grade stainless steel fittings and a resin housing to overcome this problem altogether. Clogging of pores. Microbes soon “nest” in the porous structure of a ceramic diffuser under water, especially when not in regular

40 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY use. These microbes and algae soon block the ultrafine pores and fewer bubbles can form on the surface with time. Eventually the diffuser will show a drastic reduction in flow rate with the same amount of pressure used. Regular cleaning is required depending on the water quality. Cleaning ordinary ceramic diffusers is very labour intensive and the additional handling always has a risk of diffusers falling and breaking. Enviro Ceramic has addressed this issue by developing a novel inert ceramic that is anti-microbial, protecting the ceramic pores from within. This unique ceramic technology has shown that algal growth is reduced significantly on the surface, thereby considerably reducing cleaning maintenance. Water hammer effect is when water is suddenly pressurised in a confined space and the resulting force can rupture its vessel. All ceramic diffusers are hollow inside in order to distribute the gasses evenly over the ceramic surface to achieve a uniform spread of bubbles. When the diffuser is not used, water seeps through the porous ceramic membrane and fills the hollow void inside the diffuser. Solenoid valves are commonly used to control the opening and closing of the gas supply to the diffusers The sudden rush of the pressurised gas into the water filled diffuser’s inner plenum when opening the solenoid valve, can cause the hammer effect and crack the ceramic and/or its housing. If the ceramic is weaker than this pressure and hammer forces it will break. It is essential to use pressure regulators set to the diffuser manufacturer’s recommended setting and employ an emergency over-pressure release valve. Farmers now tend to purge the diffuser every few minutes, for just a few seconds, to keep the water out. This method is easily set to run automatically with a decent controller.” We have however found

some customers not using this technology and therefore we are in the process of developing a novel technique to overcome these failures caused by over pressurizing and the water hammer effect”. As for the dropping of ceramic diffusers is concerned, they should be “handled with care” at all times and they will last for a very long time! Our latest model is fitted with silicone “feet” that have a bounce effect when the diffuser is dropped; they are also more stable on the tank floor from moving around if not mounted on a frame. We aim to continuously improve our diffusers and are working with some leading universities and technology companies as well as fish farms around the world to maintain hands-on innovative solutions. Our world’s first ozone resistant ceramic micro bubble diffuser is now in production. This new diffuser is manufactured with 100% ceramic materials that are inert to the effects of ozone. This technology opens the doors to new applications previously not possible, due to the lack of efficient ozone transfer capabilities of existing coarse bubble air stones. This diffuser is robust and makes the smallest bubbles possible under 1 bar pressure! Check the company website for more on this development and other improvements in the near future. We are utilising modern ceramic technology and science to maximise the diffuser capabilities to the next level. Our aim is that customers should have “no argument” as to what aeration system should be chosen. With support by aquaFUTURE e.K. our products are successfully marketed internationally and supporting agents are available in various regions close to you. www.enviroceramic.com www.aquafuture.de

KOMPRESSOREN

Reliable & efficient compressed air & blower solutions

Aquaculture applications: • Cages

• Feeding systems

• Fish processing

• Barges

• Wellboats

• Feed manufacturing

• RAS

• Aeration

• Fish packing

KAESER KOMPRESSOREN – Level 2, Stand 174 + 180 from the 25th - 29th of August 2018 in Montpellier

International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 41

www.kaeser.com

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

#2 iTecSolutions Systems & Services has presented its newly developed online version of the biomass estimator BIO3000. The system gives fish farmers a unique insight regarding biomass, average weight and weight classes of fish in each cage.

More than 200,000 salmon counted and analysed in seven weeks in one cage by Morten Holm, Sales and Services, iTecSolutions, Flekkefjord, Norway

“The system measures and estimates the biomass of 3000-9000 salmon per day and has shown a deviation of only 1.8 percent on average, when comparing the results with the customers’ slaughter reports,” says general manager Svein Kenneth Krossli. “At one of our customers’ locations, we have analysed more than 110,000 salmon in one month. This great amount of data provides great knowledge on the growth phases of the fish. Recording continuously in the same cage throughout the life cycle of the salmon, provides a great insight to how the fish develop through the seasons,” Krossli continues. The system records and analyses the fish 24/7 and continuously sends updated results to an Office365 account. The Office365 account allows users to log on from wherever they are. “Customers can choose whether to purchase or lease the BIO3000 systems,” Krossli adds. “More and more customers want to lease systems, allowing them to measure continuously in the same cage from deployment to slaughter. This, in addition to full control on growth, can also provide important information to the sales department, providing them with accurate knowledge about average weight and weight distribution.” The dashboard is a Power BI solution that can be customised to the customers’ wishes. The dashboard shows information regarding the amount of measured fish, average weight, weight classes and growth. Customers can extract analysis based on months, weeks, days and even down to 10-minute intervals. “We just attended the Aquaculture UK convention in Scotland,” Krossli says, “and received requests from customers in Norway, Scotland and Chile. In Chile, we are working to establish contact with an agent with knowledge about, and contacts in the market there. We expect this to be in place well before October, when the BIO3000 team will be attending the AquaSur convention in Chile. We have also sold several BIO3000 systems during the recent weeks. The delivery time is currently seven to eight weeks”, Krossli adds. Krossli says that after four years of development and two years of testing at several facilities, they now have a product to be proud of, and one that delivers what it promises. The fish farmers who participated in the testing have shown patience and have had a great faith in the product during these years, and Krossli adds that he is very grateful to them. www.bio3000.no Managing Director of iTecSolutions Systems & Services AS, Svein Krossli

42 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

Best quality for best prices - Eﬃcient on-site oxygen generation - 24/7 oxygen supply - User friendly operation - Low operation costs - Remote monitoring capability For further information visit:

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Optical Oxygen Sensors (LDO) - Robust housing for freshwater and saltwater applications - Output: - Analog (4-20 mA corresponding to oxygen 0-200 %) for connecting to existing systems as SPS - 1:1 compatible with all leading systems - RS485 Modbus RTU-interface - SCS Simulation Clark-Sensor (galvanic isolation) - 3-year warranty (except sensor cap) For further information visit:

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developed with great technical expertise

Oxygen diﬀusers of a special kind

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aquaFUTURE e.K. founded 1983

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Dietmar Firzlaﬀ Phone:

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+49 (0) 2732 / 65 35 +49 (0) 2732 / 65 71 +49 (0) 171 / 2 60 50 60 rzlaﬀ@aquafuture.de

http://australia.aquafuture.de Internet: www.aquafuture.de

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

A connected aquaculture: Water quality management by Charlotte Dupont, Bioceanor, France

Connected objects are starting to invade our homes and our everyday lives. More and more trade professions are now using connected objects to improve their production. They are now used to check on their production data instantly and anywhere they want in order to take immediate actions.

Would it not be great to be able to instantaneously check the status of water quality? To receive alerts on smartphone at the minute one of the water quality parameters is getting out of range? Today it is possible. Bioceanor, a French company, is proposing devices and services for a connected water quality management. Nowadays, we know that fisheries management totally relies on water quality monitoring. Fish diseases are frequent and directly impact the harvest yield. Low water quality can also impact fish growth and delay the harvest. Optimum fish production is totally dependent on the physical, chemical and biological qualities of waterâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;no matter the type of facility. Therefore, good water quality is the key to success in fishery management. It is determined by variables such as temperature, turbidity, carbon dioxide, pH, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, etc. For applications in open seas, we also know that changes can occur very quickly and are not easily predictable. Checking water parameters at one time of the day does not prevent a critical change (algae bloom, sediments resuspension, lack of oxygen) to occur the next hour, with consequences to fish production, if not detected soon enough. To tackle these problems, Bioceanor produces water quality monitoring devices (AquaBOX and AquaBUOY) along with innovative services to check data in real-time from anywhere (AquaREAL) and to receive alerts and predictions about a possible critical water situations (AquaTIC).

Adaptable technology

The devices can be adapted to any application or need: the floating version (AquaBUOY) can be fitted for open sea facilities. Some aquaculturists that work in the same area have already chosen to duplicate their coverage in order to have redundant coverage by monitoring conditions at a critical area with one or two AquaBUOYs â&#x20AC;&#x201C; e.g. the entrance of an estuary or a specific point of a river, upstream of the fish exploitations. AquaBUOY has been also chosen by research institutes for innovative, real-time environmental monitoring. The box version (AquaBOX) is fitted for indoor or inland facilities, with existing attachment points. However, a lot of open seas applications (with low tide impact) have chosen AquaBOX rather than AquaBUOY, because its small size makes it easy to attach to existing 44 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY facilities. AquaBOX is even chosen by aquaponic exploitations that also have specific sensors requests. Indeed, needed physicochemical parameters of the water can be chosen on demand.

Connected systems for real-time water management

The connectivity of the device is ensured by employing cutting edge technology: LoRa network, a private, secured and low-energy consumption radio network, developed with AGILE IoT software (http://agile-iot.eu). It requires only to connect an (AquaNODE) to the internet, which can be placed up to 30km from the devices. No direct internet or mobile connection is needed for these devices. On a daily basis, the use of the visualisation service AquaREAL provides aquaculturists with an underwater forecast of their facilities. They can see the current status of their water at a glance, with clear indications (good, critical, or warning). Users can easily go back to previous days, weeks or months to conduct an analysis and correlate the data to their production information. It also allows them to better manage the amount of chemicals input in the water (such as pH treatments) as it is easy to control precisely the impact on the water. This strong correlation between water quality and human inputs have conducted Bioceanor, in partnership with cutting-edge fish food companies, to work on an innovative fish nutrition system. This system (currently under development) will use Bioceanor water monitoring solutions to adapt the nutrition quality and quantity directly to the fishes’ needs.

Bio-prediction with Artificial Intelligence

In the meantime, Bioceanor is also proposing an innovative and exclusive service: AquaBIO. This service, based on complex algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI), is capable of predicting a potential bacteria contamination of the water that can be very useful for example for oyster production and to decide a quarantine procedure. AquaBIO helps to anticipate actions on the production and therefore prevents productions losses. Exploitations can also be equipped with low-cost and connected weather stations (AquaSUN) that not only gives precious information on weather forecast for a very local area but also reinforce the accuracy of the bacterial contaminations predictions. Moreover, as the cofounders of Bioceanor are microbiologist experts, the company is currently developing an in-situ sensor that can detect directly and instantly microorganisms in water. Bioceanor is working with ICT research institutes, microbiology specialists and aquaculture experts all around Europe to be sure that the future product will be reliable and fitted for all water monitoring needs. Increasingly, aquaculturists are willing to jump into the era of connected aquaculture. Only few weeks after Bioceanor products deployment, users can already get unsuspected information and informative patterns about their water quality. After few months, they are able to correlate the data to their production information, and thus take actions to improve their yield. With their innovative products and exclusive services, Bioceanor is willing to take a step into the development of a smart, connected and responsible aquaculture, with informed management of natural resources. You can Meet Bioceanor at “We are Aquaculture” in Montpellier from August 25-29, 2018—Booth 122 contact@bioceanor.com.

WE ARE WHAT WE EAT, ALSO THEY ARE...

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International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 45

Tel. +(34) 921 574 286 acuicultura@dibaq.com www.dibaq.com

FEATURE

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

CASE STUDY

liftup

“VECTORS FOR DISEASES” – DECREASING MORTALITY RATES THROUGH EFFICIENT WASTE REMOVAL

Mortality and feeces is a major concern in modern aquaculture. Fish carcasses are a vector for diseases and infections that can lead to further mortality if not removed effectively and efficiently. In Sea farms, this is not only an issue within the aquaculture environment it can also threaten the wild fish population and marine environment, making quick removal of carcasses a necessity. There are different methods of removing carcasses. The traditional process utilises lifting basket which can be labor intensive and time consuming, often resulting in long retention times.

Removal of carcasses

However, an impressive new technique is the removal of carcasses via Airlift. For example, the company Lift Up produces a compressed air fed conical device which is placed at the lowest point of each aquaculture net/cage. The Lift Up system, utilises a KAESER rotary screw compressor to provide quality compressed air which assists in the retrieval and transfer of the carcasses through tubing onto the barge or boat. Once recovered, the carcasses are separated from the contaminated water, which is then discharged at a depth of 40 metres. This innovative, efficient system is a great way of reducing the risk of further mortalities and the pressure on the environment. www.kaeser.com www.liftup.no

46 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

TECHNOLOGY SHO VIV EUROPE 2018 SPECIAL

VIV EUROPE 2018 SPECIAL Outside of the technology used in fish farming such as monitoring or water quality processing, often the technology used in the feed production side of aquaculture – is overlooked. For this technology showcase we will not be looking at the feed formulation technology used but instead a much more solid, pragmatic and logistical side of feed- the conveying and handling of animal (aquaculture) feeds. This includes the nuts and bolts and of course – the buckets.

Conveyor components and solutions The images displayed show a number of products for conveying and bulk handling, including; Conveyor chains, screw conveyors and an elevator. VAV Conveyor Compenents and Solutions based in the Netherlands produce all across the board of this side of the industry. In comparison to the other listed buckets this company producers different types of buckets although the most common material used is, mild steel or stainless steel 304. They are also available in the different plastics. Created in 1973 as VAV Aandrijvingen B.V. as an active supplier of spare parts for the international bulk handling industry, as you can see from the impressive display at VIV Europe, there’s not much for this side of aquaculture feed production you could not find with this supplier. www.vav-nl.com

Custom cable for ROVs and Submarines 12XM463 special data transmission custom cable for submarine use has been engineered and manufactured to assure efficiency and reliability to this innovative system able to exploit wind and waves clean energy of the Italian marine heritage: It is a special multipolar hybrid cable with multi-mode optical fibers in stainless steel tube and reinforcing braid of aramidic yarn with a self-extinguishing, hydrolysis and UV resistant polyurethane. www.novacavi.it

Plastic elevator buckets The image shows a number of display models created by Millpark Agricultural Buckets, for the safe transportation of animal feeds. The two buckets on show include; Premium “HDPE – High Density Enriched Impact Resistant Polyethylene” and Exclusive “Made of special engineering plastics with high impact resistance and high friction coefficient” Exclusive Buckets have a maximum performance especially for mouth melting, resulting from friction, can also achieve the best results with curved corners, lubrication channels and its authentic design. The models on display at VIV Europe 2018 hold the slogan “Light as a feather, strong as steel” www.millpart.com.tr

48 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

OWCASE ALFRA dosing and weighing systems The operational demands on a dosing and weighing system will only get tougher in the coming years. Producers are looking for more speed, higher accuracy and a larger number of ingredients per product – including micro amounts as well as macro quantities. At the same time, they are under constant pressure to produce more at a lower cost without compromising quality. Exactly for this problem KSE has developed a wide range of ALFRA dosing and weighing systems. For each quantity, fast and very accurate. The image shows a model of an ALFRA FCD on display at VIV Europe 2018. This product has a high throughput for micro and small components like dry powders, granulates and pellets. www.kse.nl

Style CC HD Do you need a longer lasting bucket? The Tapco Xtreme Duty CC-XD bucket with 35-55 percent more plastic throughout the entire bucket, not just at the wear points. The nylon buckets are extremely strong, yet lightweight. Included benefits are: • Precise discharge • Perfect fit • Profitable, high speed handling • Increased safety • Ease of installation • Prevents backlegging • Flexible • Exceptional strength • Increased production The image display shows both a “High Density Polyethylene Elevator Bucket” made of Urethane and Nylon, and a” Urethane SEVERE DUTY Elevator Bucket” made from Polyethylene and Nylon. www.tapcoinc.com

International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 49

Industry Events Events listing JULY

03 – 05/07/18 - Seawork International 2018 UK WEB: www.seawork.com 04 - 06/07/18 - Indo Livestock 2018 Indonesia WEB: www.indolivestock.com 09 – 13/07/18 - Freshwater Crayfish 2018 USA WEB: www.freshwatercrayfish.org 11 – 13/07/18 - Fi Asia China 2018 China WEB: www.figlobal.com 15 – 18/07/18 - IFT 18 USA WEB: www.iftevent.org 26 – 28/07/18 - Livestock Taiwan 2018 Taiwan WEB: ww.livestocktaiwan.com

AUGUST

21 – 24/08/18 - Nor Fishing Norway WEB: www.nor-fishing.no 24 - 26/08/18 China International Fishery and Seafood Exposition 2018 China WEB: www.chinafishex.com 25 - 29/08/18 - Aqua 2018 France WEB: www.was.org

SEPTEMBER

4 – 6/09/18 - Seafood Expo Asia 2018 China WEB: www.seafoodexpo.com/asia 11 – 12/09/18 - Aquaculture Innovation Summit 2018 UK WEB: www.aquaculture-innovation.com 11 – 14/09/18 - SPACE France WEB: http://uk.space.fr 17 – 19/09/18 - VIV China 2018 China WEB: www.viv.net 26 – 27/09/18 - New Zealand Aquaculture Conference New Zealand WEB: www.aquaculture.org

Aquaculture Innovation Europe Investors from across the aquaculture space are gathering in London this September to hear from twelve of the most exciting emerging companies in fish health, nutrition and farm management, at the Aquaculture Innovation Summit. We caught up with all 14 of the venture capital and private equity investors that will be attending the conference and asked what it is about the aquaculture space that appeals so much to them? “Aquaculture has severely lagged other livestock farming industries such as Poultry and Hog when it comes to innovation. Aquaculture farmers today are producing near capacity yet production needs to more than double to meet global demand. Indeed, this is a sector that is ripe for major innovation and reinvention.” Said Gerard Chia, Investments & Portfolio Management, New Protein Capital. “I believe we are facing a structural shift from land-based to ocean-based food production. Aquaculture, and game-changing aquaculture solutions, will be the key enablers to this shift. I find that to be a very, very attractive investment opportunity in the coming generation,” explained Christian Rangen, Group Chief Operating Founder, X2 Labs. All 14 of the investors will form the judging panel for this year’s Innovation Awards. Taking place as part of the Aquaculture Innovation Summit, these awards provide a unique opportunity for emerging companies within fish health, nutrition and farming to pitch their novel technologies to a room of investors, big pharma and industry experts. The final 12 emerging companies selected to present their technologies on-site at the Innovation Awards will be announced on July 20, 2018 and will be announced online. Reduced rates to attend the event are available for emerging companies; in addition, the International Aquafeed network are eligible for a 10 percent discount on their pass using code IAF10. www.aquaculture-innovation.com

Aquaculture extrusion technology course at SPACE Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing sector in the world, now accounting for nearly 50 percent of the world’s fish supply. Currently 100 percent of floating feed and about 60 percent of sinking feed is made by extrusion technology. Traditionally, single-screw extruders are widely used for producing the feeds for low protein adult fishes such as tilapia, catfish, grass carp, etc. Now we see twin screw making some special and ultra-fine feed. Basic extrusion technology has been around for a long time. It has been used in one form or another in the food and feed industries. There has been no revolutionary or significant development in extruder design. As the aquaculture sector grows, there is increasing aquafeed demand in the market. Thereby aquafeed making business is also the promising industry in the world. There are hundreds of species of fish which require a wide range of feeds. Some species need floating feed (catfish, carp), some of them need slow sinking feed (salmon, trout) and some of them need fast sinking feed (shrimp). The quality of the feed has a direct effect on fish reproduction, maturation, growth

rate, uniformity of growth, resistance to stress and diseases, mortality and water quality. The feed industry experiences constant change to meet the needs of an evolving market. New processing technologies provide this industry the flexibility and efficiently to process a wide spectrum of foods that are trending toward increased complexity. Due to the rising demands of food production and necessary food per person, the consumption of fish increases dramatically. In this one-day course participants will learn about current status of aqua feed globally, principles and introduction to extrusion technology, selection of raw material and their properties for making aqua feed, grinding of raw material for making good quality pellet, extrusion of aqua feed, twin screw extruders to process aqua feed, optimising aqua feed quality, and latest technology for the ingredients, vacuum coating of aqua feed and finished product analysis. This course is organized by the International aqua feed magazine and Dr Mian N. Riaz, world leader in extrusion technology from Texas A&M University, for more information get in touch with Dr Riaz: mnriaz@tamu.edu

For more industry event information - visit our events register www.aquafeed.co.uk 50 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

11-14 SEPT. 2018 RENNES - FRANCE

More than 1.440 exhibitors in 11 halls in 2017 and 250 booths outdoors. An exhibit area of 16 Ha. Free farm visits program.

More than 114.000 trade visitors, including 14.000 international from 128 countries. More than 70 conferences, Espace for the Furture and Innovâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Space. > Obtain your free pass on: www.space.fr

THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTION LE SALON INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUCTIONS ANIMALES

@SPACERennes #SPACE2018 +33 2 23 48 28 90 / international@space.fr

Industry Events

18th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition and Feeding (ISFNF) by Professor Simon Davies, Editor, International Aquafeed It was a pleasure as a fish nutrition scientist and editor of IAF to attend the 18th symposium on fish nutrition held in Europe this time returning to the site of the 8th Symposium in 1998 where I also had six of my PhD students from Plymouth University as my large team. However, this time I had the company of a new generation linked to my role at Harper Adams University in Shropshire UK. I left from Birmingham International airport on a Friday to spend a little time to relax prior to registration on the Sunday with a reception in the evening at the excellent Aquarium de Canaria. The main conference started on Monday and ended on the Friday with a conference dinner. The venue of the symposium was the Auditorio Alfredo Kraus de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, a magnificent building situated at the end of the promenade next to some very good surfing beaches It was the most perfect setting for an intensive week but the chance to meet outside with numerous colleagues and friends to view the blue ocean and mostly fine weather. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is the Capital city of Gran Canaria, one of the Islands of the Canary Archipelago (Spain). It accounts with more than 450,000 inhabitants and a cosmopolitan city with many tourists on vacation, enjoying the cultural life, its gastronomy and the slow pace of the old town, Vegueta. All such meetings need good sponsorship these days and the symposium was fully supported by leading and familiar names such as: DSM Evonik Aker BioMarine, Sparos, Nutria, Phileo, Adisseo Darling ingredients and NexPro, Skretting, and Biooasis Gran Canario. The symposium attracted some 500 delegates and many others from industry and commerce from local government and national legislature. The welcoming cocktail was held at the prestigious Poema del Mar aquarium on the harbour front amongst fantastic exhibits of aquatic life both freshwater and marine. The conference started by key note addresses from Dr Artemis Siolopoulos, founde rand president of the Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, a non-profit organisation based in Washington DC. Alex Obach, Managing Director at Skretting Aquaculture Rsearch centre in Norway, presented an overview of the new developments in fish nutrition and feed production from

an industry perspective. Dr George W. Chamberlain from the USA has immense experience in the shrimp farming sector and gave a very interesting key-note speech as a former President of the World Aquaculture Society of the global trends and overview of the contemporary aspects of aquaculture production and relationship to nutrition and feeding. The major themes of fish nutrition and feeding were covered such as nutrition and product quality, fundamental nutrition requirements, feed ingredients and technology, early nutritional interventions, nutrition and health, functional foods in agriculture. As well as the core forum of formal lectures and satellite workshops there was as the usual excellent poster sessions where both experienced academic researchers and young students were able to effectively disseminate their work. It was a pleasure to meet so many from all over the world and a large contingent making their way from Australia. I was joined by several of my previous students and my close colleague and doctoral candidate Kurt Servin from Mexico as well as Dr Alex Wan from the National University of Ireland, Galway. I was able to be associated with four poster presentations in collaboration with partners from Chile, Mexico, Nigeria and Ireland. On the Thursday evening we departed by bus to the far side of the island for the conference gala dinner at the Finca Condal Vega Grande. I returned to Birmingham in the early hours on a Ryan Air flight having made the occasion into a package holiday with hotel included! A good idea for considerable cost savings. There was also time to explore the wonderful seaside cafes, bistros, bars and local interests. The sea was warm and I did manage some early morning and late afternoon swimming sessions. It was a wonderful occasion and with so many in attendance being able to network and learn from each other and mingle with industry representations as well as the central academic mandate of this major scientific event in the fish nutritionistâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s calendar. It was announced that my good friend Dr Charles Bai (IAF Editorial panel member) will host the 19th ISFNF meeting in Busan, South Korea in 2020. This will be an exotic event in SE Asia and definitely not to miss. I am booking my package holiday now! See you all there?

52 | July 2018 - International Aquafeed

AAT18_Milling & Grain Ad-W210xH148mm_May.pdf 1 2018/4/13 下午 03:42:26

Industry Events

CMY

International Aquafeed - July 2018 | 53

Industry Events

9.30 AM

11th of September 2018 - Taking part as part of SPACE, Rennes, France

10.00 AM

Introduction and Principles of Extrusion Technology Dr. Mian Riaz, Texas A&M University, USA

11.00 AM

Current up‐Date on Aqua Feed Globally Roger Gilbert Editor International Aqua Feed Magazine, UK

11.30 AM

Coffee Break

11.45 AM

Raw Material Properties for Aqua Feed Extrusion Dr. Mian Riaz, Texas A&M University, USA

12.30 PM

Grinding of Raw Material for the Aqua Feed Arthur vom Hofe CPM‐Europe B.V.

1:30 PM

Lunch Break

2.30 PM

Optimization of Aqua Feed Quality Nicola Tallarico Kemin, Belgium

3.15 PM

4.00 PM

4.15 PM

For more information visit:

Coffee Break Making floating and Sinking Feed with Twin Screw Extrusion Technology Alain Brisset, Clextral‐ France

5.00 PM

NIR analyzer for ingredient and raw material Per Lidén Perten Instruments Ab ‐Sweedon

5.45. PM

Q/A session and Certificate Distribution