MAY 2023 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

XFM Filters: A cost-effective technology for the fine particle problem

- Atlantic salmon : How choline from krill can help improve gut health

- Governance and aquaculture development

-

Aquaculture Engineering: How to measure large pump discharge?

- The biology and aquaculture of sea urchins

WELCOME

This month we will witness the Coronation of King Charles III.

It’s a momentous occasion for the United Kingdom and all the supporters of the Royal Family; as a newly nationalised United Kingdom citizen, myself, who has lived here on an indefinite-right-to-remain visa for the past 40 years. I am very proud to be celebrating a commitment to the UK along with King Charles III this year.

Supporting King Charles III, who in turn supports all Great Britain and Northern Ireland nationals including those in 14 other Commonwealth realms, is I believe our duty.

With long service as the Prince of Wales, and the access that this gave him to all areas of society and industry, King Charles III comes to the throne with a comprehensive understanding of UK life and a great appreciation of global issues and in particular our food production systems. In fact, it is likely he will be the most informed King to come to the throne in history.

I am pleased to read Professor Simon Davies’ editorial on the next page that looks at the connections between the Royal Family and the seafood industry with reference to the credentials of the new King and the support her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II gave during her 70year reign.

In this issue

Erik Hempel who is the editor of our Fish Farming Technology section of the magazine deals with the negatives that confront us at present with his views on the way forward and makes a case for ‘proper seafood’ and the future demand for animal proteins.

Meanwhile columnist Brett Glencross is searching for sustainability and highlights the need for setting measurable targets against which to determine how effective we are in moving towards and becoming more sustainable as an industry.

We review Governance and Aquaculture Development as presented by Carlos Wurmann, President of the International Centre for Strategic Studies for Aquaculture based in Chile on page 20.

Gut health in Atlantic salmon is featured on page 16 while farming sea urchins is another must-read feature on page 26. And krill features again on page 38.

We review XRM filters and present our Technology Showcase in the FFT section of the magazine, starting from page 31. All that before we get to our Market Place, The Victam Showtime section and Events, and not to overlook our interview with José Antonio Camposano, the Executive President of National Chamber of Aquaculture in Ecuador. There’s lots to enjoy in this edition!

Online Milling School

It is timely to announce the 2023 Online Milling Courses for both aquafeeds and petfoods. This year there is a Spring Course and an Autumn Course, each of six weekly sessions of two hours per session. The course culminates in a Certificate of Attainment that validates the course attendance and can be used in your CV or work history.

Both courses take you through the complete process, from raw material reception and preparation to processing and finally to coating and bagging. The courses also look at nutrition as well as plant and equipment design and layout.

These courses are introductory for those planning to work in the area of aqua and pet food processing and will also provide insights for those already in these areas of operation on specific topics such as steam generation and management for example.

Feed production, whether for livestock, fish or for our pets, is more than just the pelleting, extrusion or other centralised process. Much of the success in terms of efficiencies, maximised throughputs and quality of final product is down to understanding the interaction of each step of the process.

Achieving the nutritional package that a farmer or pet owner expects requires a completed understanding of the whole production process from start to finish.

So why not join us for one of these courses this year?

The OMS Schedule

• Our SPRING 2023 Aquafeed Courses include:

• OMS Aquafeed Milling offers six weekly sessions

Starts Tuesday 20th June - to - 25th July

• OMS Petfood Milling offers six weekly sessions

Starts Thursday 22nd June - to - 27th July

• Our AUTUMN 2023 Petfood Courses include:

• OMS Aquafeed Milling offers six weekly sessions

Starts Tuesday August 22nd - to - September 26th

• OMS Petfood Milling offers six weekly sessions

Starts Thursday August 24th - to - September 28th

To see the programmes and to sign-up please visit: www. onlinemillingschool.com

Note: We will be hosting a seventh Credo OMS Off-Line Session at the Victam Latam event in Sao Paulo, Brazil from 13:30-15:30 on October 3, 2023 - The topic with be Trouble Shooting for All including Milling-Aqua-Pet Food Production and will comprise of a discussion panel and a Q&A session from the Autumn Courses and from within the room.

During this Off-Line Session we will be awarding Certificates of Attendance to those who have completed one of the 2023 six-week courses and who are in attendance.

Training is fundamental to developing a business’ efficiency and ensuring a return on your investment.

International Aquafeed supports the OMS as we are here to support manufacturers in producing the feedstuffs the aquaculture industry in particular that ensure success.

Finally

The last item I wish to draw your attention to is the 31st Edition of the International Milling Directory which is now in print and available. What is unusual this year is the fact we have combined the companies supporting aquaculture feed production within the document and within the website of the IMGD.

This Directory contains the names and addresses of companies selling products and services into the aquaculture sector when it comes to manufacturing aqua feeds.

Please contact enquiries@internationalmilling.com if you need assistance with either the website access at: https:// internationalmilling.com IMGD also has an app which can be found through our subscription link: https://store.magstand.com/IMGD.

Roger Gilbert

Publisher – International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology

This month we hold the coronation of our new monarch, His Majesty King Charles III succeeding our late Queen Elizabeth II after her incredible 70-year historic reign, the longest in British history.

It is well known that Royalty and seafood have connections with many monarchs having been engaged in fishing management and expressing an interest in the subject in varying ways over the centuries. The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers in London is a well know Livery that has a long historic association with fish and shellfish. My late friend Dr Eric Edwards was a clerk at the organisation and was Chairman of The UK Shellfish Association for many years and was responsible for awarding annual scholarships for the MSc programme at Plymouth enabling many students to study Fish Nutrition and Aquaculture under my direction in the 1980s and 90s. The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers records an unbroken existence for 750 years, forming as City of London fishmongers began to collaborate for mutual benefit developing into a guild which managed London’s fish trade according to their defined set of rules and regulations. The earliest evidence of such a group date back to 1154, when a number of London fishmongers were fined for trading without Royal Warrant with the Company receiving its first Royal Charter from Edward I in 1272. The regulation of fishing and rights for landing fish and marketing was strictly controlled. Salmon and oysters and many sea fish were managed by laws and legislation linked to the Crown as no effective government as we know today existed. It should be also noted that in the UK, sturgeon is also classed as a ‘Royal Fish’ and any sturgeon caught are the right of the Crown. Near the English coast they belong to the monarch immediately upon being caught, while ownership is also transferred to the monarch when a catch from any location is cast up on the shores. The kings of Denmark and the dukes of Normandy enjoyed a similar prerogative. The monarch's right to royal fish was recognised by a statute enacted during the reign of Edward II. How they would have viewed aquaculture and fish farming is open to question, but I am sure that taxes and tariffs would have been applied to gain income especially for our Norman friends.

Her late Majesty Queen Elizabeth enjoyed grilled Dover sole and wild salmon, but high end organic farmed salmon is often served at dinners and banquets and state occasions. King Charles is aware of the fish farming industry and has visited salmon operations in Scotland and engaged with salmon farm owners and stakeholders. As The Prince of Wales, he visited Lochaber salmon farm to see first-hand the advantages of using wrasse to reduce sea lice infestation. He also visited Loch Leven salmon farm, near Fort William, the first in the UK to be approved by the international Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC). He offers interesting perspectives given his strong interests and commitment to food production and its traceability. As the former Duke of Cornwall, the Dutchy once owned an oyster farm in Cornwall, UK. The King is also fond of trout, and he

would be pleased to see some of the best of British trout farms working sustainably and producing excellent quality fish respecting environmental stewardship.

I think he would be keen to find out more about the UK and global efforts in science and technology to develop sustainable aquaculture and the use of novel feed ingredients and natural supplements we are always reporting.

An interesting story is that when forensic archaeologists discovered the remains of King Richard III a few years ago in Leicester, England, molecular genomics, and the use of proteomic techniques were able to confirm that the medieval King’s bones had specific residual dietary proteins originating from sturgeon (and peacocks) indicating that the body was indeed of a royal person of significance.

Another Head of State who is well known to IAF is His Serene Highness Prince Albert II of Monaco who is passionate about the environment and has a particular interest in fisheries conservation and has regularly highlighted the plight of the bluefin tuna for many years. I had the privilege to meet and interview him for IAF in Nantes in 2011. The article appeared featuring my interview with Prince Albert where he was delighted to respond to my questions on topics like climate change, fisheries, and aquaculture research with emphasis on feed ingredients for aquaculture. His Monaco Blue Foundation supports some key areas for funding and works closely with NGOs, educational institutions, scientific research institutions and societal interests to promote the oceans and resources for human health and welfare. The Foundation has raised public and government awareness regarding fisheries conservation and thanks to such efforts we are seeing improvements in bluefin tuna populations in the Atlantic.

Last month, I mentioned in my editorial my visit to VIV Asia 2023 in Bangkok that included the special Aquatic Asia meeting that I hosted and moderated as well as my role as the keynote speaker. We highlight this in our current edition. Also last month, I was most honoured to address the University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Medicine in my 9th year as a visiting professor to second year students. I found this to be so satisfying bringing the world of aquaculture nutrition and health to students who do not experience fish in depth on their curriculum. This was timely as the British Veterinary Association (BVA) has just launched a new directive statement on UK sustainable finfish aquaculture, advocating for more research into the welfare requirements of fish and the impact of aquaculture on the environment. My lecture in Bristol covered much of this and provided a good platform for the students to think about possible careers in fish farming.

In this May edition we have our regular features and special topics of interest including novel aquatic animals for aquaculture and technical nutrition/feed and aquaculture technology aspects. I shall for certain intend to enjoy the best poached salmon sandwiches as I watch King Charles’ coronation and reflect on the changing era. There may be no sturgeon on my menu, but caviar is allowed if affordable?

Professor Simon Davies

Nutrition Editor, International Aquafeed

Lately, I have been reading reports about the global economic outlook. We hear a lot about the state of the world economy, and most of what we hear is negative at the moment. And we feel it in our daily life, too. Prices are sky high, inflation is galloping, energy prices are at record levels, and there seems to be little good news on the horizon.

And yet, The Economist, in its “Global economic outlook for 2023”, predicts growth in the global economy, albeit modest. The economic recovery will be very slight in 2023, but for 2024, The Economist expects a global GDP growth of 2.5 percent. But on one hand, the magazine is pessimistic: it harbours fears about global food supplies, both in the short term and in the longer term. In the short term, the war in Ukraine is having a negative effect on supplies, but in the long term, - and this is far more serious -, the world will just not be able to produce enough food for the growing population.

“Everybody” agrees that aquaculture is the most efficient producer of animal protein that exists today. But aquaculture is facing a number of challenges. Among the more important challenges are the rising costs of just about everything, including energy, materials, feed, and technology. But we also face a challenge in that many groups with certain agendas seem hellbent on stopping us from expanding the industry, in spite of the fact that aquaculture would make a major contribution to global food production.

Seafood competes with other foods, especially chicken and meat. We now also see a growing interest in vegan food. The range of vegetable substitutes for "proper" seafood is constantly growing. But the world will still want animal protein, and fish and seafood will probably become more popular than red meat. The demand for food is dependent on population growth, and the world's population is increasing faster than we want it to. I am reminded of what was claimed in the book "Limits to growth",

which was published by The Club of Rome in 1972. One of the conclusions of this study was that population growth is linked to the availability of food. The only way to ensure adequate food availability and slow down food price developments is to keep population growth under control. It hasn't happened. There is every reason to believe that population growth will continue as it is now, and therefore we are facing a difficult time, both in terms of food availability and in terms of the danger of large-scale wars. A sequel to the original “Limits to growth” report came in 2012 and was written by one of the original authors, Jørgen Randers. Here he shows that as the population increases, the supply of food per capita, industrial production per capita, and access to resources all decline. The development will lead to a sudden and uncontrollable decline in both population and industrial production, including food production. We need a massive increase in food production, and aquaculture is the most likely candidate to contribute significantly to this. But in order to succeed, we need better technology, and we need to apply this technology, not only in industrialised countries, but everywhere. The world is facing a monumental task of spreading not only the “gospel of aquaculture”, but the science of modern aquaculture everywhere.

At the global level, we have not been able to avoid the developments outlined in 1972 and again in 2012. Unfortunately, the predictions of The Club of Rome have come true, and we have little reason to believe that this development will not continue.

Therefore, I believe that we are on the way to a big, - very big -, crisis in the food sector. Our industry, the aquaculture industry, is part of the solution to this crisis. We must push on with the development of aquaculture, and I believe that we will need to focus on developing better technologies, especially for open sea aquaculture. The ocean is vast, and we have barely started to make most of the possibilities it offers.

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Erik Hempel

The Nor-Fishing Foundation

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Aquafeed Journal journal@perendale.co.uk

3 Roger Gilbert

4 Professor Simon Davies

5 Erik Hempel

14 Brett Glencross

38 Krill fishing in the Antarctic impacting predator population

THE BIG PICTURE

The biology and aquaculture of sea urchins

See more on page 26

FEATURES

16 Atlantic salmon : How choline from krill can help improve gut health

20 Governance and aquaculture development

22 Aquaculture Engineering: How to measure large pump discharge? It is simple!

26 The biology and aquaculture of sea urchins

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

42 XFM Filters: A cost-effective technology for the fine particle problem

Looking for Milling and Grain in your language? Find links to all of our editions in one place

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http://flk.bz/xxsY

The Aquafeed Journal

Aquafeed Journal is a new online publication by Perendale Publishers Ltd, United Kingdom, with a distinguished track record of technical and trade magazines in the agricultural and aquaculture sectors. This new peer-reviewed scientific journal will serve academia and the commercial aquaculture industry with high-quality papers relating to aquafeed science and technology for different species of farmed fish and crustaceans. It is envisaged to address fundamental nutritional requirements for effective and optimal production and applications to advanced feed formulations. This will include essential amino acids, proteins and energy sources as well as key vitamins and minerals pertaining to fish and shrimp growth, feed efficiency and health. A major area will be studies that focus on feed ingredient assessment and in particular those that are sustainable alternatives to marine derived materials like fishmeal and fish oil. Therefore investigations directed towards plant and next generation proteins like insect meal, algae and microbial sources would be desirable areas. Novel oils and lipids that provide essential fatty acids would be of considerable importance. Studies on functional ingredients affecting the health and immune function of fish and shrimp are very topical and of much interest to the commercial aquafeed sector. We would welcome papers researching the role of prebiotics, probiotics and phytobiotics on gut health, mucosal immunity and their interaction and modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Please do not hesitate to contact us with your queries at journal@perendale.co.uk.

Benchmark enters exclusive agreement with STIM Scotland to distribute Salmosan® Vet in the UK

Benchmark Animal Health, the aquaculture biotechnology company, has entered an exclusive distribution agreement with STIM Scotland Ltd for Salmosan®Vet in the UK. The agreement was signed on 28 March 2023 and will take immediate effect with the stock now transferred to STIM’s Glasgow warehouse ahead of distribution.

Salmosan® Vet is a market leading azamethiphos treatment for sea lice and one product within Benchmark’s Animal Health portfolio. The product is used throughout the global salmon industry for the control of pre-adult to adult stages of sea lice. Used by Benchmark customers throughout the UK, it is well recognised as a reliable, gentle and effective treatment option.

The agreement, which took effect from 28th March, will increase the technical support available for UK customers, providing them with additional resources with both Benchmark and STIM on hand to support their effective sea lice management. STIM Scotland Ltd are professional distributors with a well-established and trusted network of delivery, which will ensure customers can access secure and consistent supply.

Announcing the agreement, John Marshall, Head of Benchmark Animal Health, says, “At Benchmark, we are committed to helping customers manage the ongoing challenge of sea lice. Our exclusive agreement with STIM

Scotland offers us the opportunity to further support our customers in their use of Salmosan® Vet. I am confident this will have a positive impact on our customer’s operations”.

Campbell Morrison, Key Account Manager at STIM Scotland Ltd, adds, “In the UK, as well as in Norway and Chile, STIM strives to supply a complete range of the most important fish health products available. Salmosan ® Vet is certainly one of those and we are pleased to add the product to our growing product catalogue.”

Managing sea lice carries an annual cost of approximately £40m in Scotland alone each year and is considered to be the greatest biological challenge to the growth of the aquaculture industry.

Benchmark Animal Health is the Marketing Authorisation holder for Salmosan® Vet in the UK and will remain so after the agreement. Since 2009, Benchmark has been supporting farmers across the globe in controlling sea lice through this treatment.

New Brunswick’s aquaculture facility achieves environmental approval

Kelly Cove Salmon Ltd. (KCS), of the Cooke family of companies, has received a Certification of Determination to Proceed from the New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government for the construction of its proposed US $72 million land-based Atlantic salmon post-smolt aquaculture facility in Bayside, N.B. This approval is an important step achieved upon successful completion of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).

Located in the Champlain Industrial Park alongside the Passamaquoddy Bay, the new facility will be a worldclass recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). KCS began planning the high-tech project in 2017 and received EIA approval earlier this year for ground source wells to supply the facility with water. Associated with this facility are two water pipeline corridors and a marine loading facility.

“Hybrid systems, involving a mix of land and marinebased fish farming will continue to be part of our future. We have been operating land-based salmon hatcheries and marine farms sustainably for 38 years,” says Joel Richardson, Vice President of Public Relations for Cooke. “Innovative scientific technologies bring a new

opportunity for greater production in ocean waters by shortening time Atlantic salmon spend in marine cages.”

In March of last year, Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries Minister Margaret Johnson, released the New Brunswick Finfish Aquaculture Growth Strategy 2022-2030. Its guiding responsible development in the province’s finfish aquaculture sector with a focus on land-based production through the implementation of new technological advancements.

It is expected the multi-phased project will take three years to complete and create more than 340 direct construction jobs and 222 indirect and induced jobs.

The post-smolt facility is just one of the investments Cooke is making in Charlotte County. Earlier this year, Cooke’s new, $21 million freshwater hatchery in Pennfield became operational, and the company recently completed a $50 million expansion at its salmon processing plant in St. George.

The project team for the new aquaculture facility includes Sorensen Engineering Ltd. of Saint Andrew’s, NB and Sweeney International Marine Corp. (SIMCorp) of St. Stephen, NB.

Prevention before Treatment

The new upgraded formula

Aller Aqua’s functional fish feed SUPPORT L is a series of aquafeeds based on a blend of functional ingredients that promote growth and survival in fish as well as bacterial disease resistance and prevention. Now with even better results:

Microbial balancing

SUPPORT L reduces risk of bacterial disease outbreaks by supporting and preserving beneficial bacteria.

Improved health

SUPPORT L improves organ quality and health parameters, higher mucus production and increased gut integrity.

Long-term effectiveness

SUPPORT L can be used continuously, without the need to change feed, no exhaustion or side effects.

Increased production

SUPPORT L ensures lower FCR and higher growth, leading to higher farm turnover.

Global Salmon Initiative welcomes Huon Aquaculture

The Global Salmon Initiative (GSI) is pleased to welcome Huon Aquaculture, a Tasmanian farmed salmon producer, as a member of the industry’s leading sustainability initiative. With the addition of Huon, GSI membership now includes 15 salmon farming companies alongside eight supply chain member companies. Together, the member companies are committed to advancing the sector’s environmental performance through greater transparency and cooperation.

“Sustainability is at the heart of Huon’s operations; it guides every step of production and processing, and we recognise how important this is to our stakeholders,” says Henrique Batista, CEO of Huon Aquaculture. “We join GSI with a commitment to engage in critical global dialogues on shared environmental challenges, participate in solutions-oriented technical discussions and contribute to industry-wide initiatives to improve environmental performance. This will further strengthen the sector’s resilience and commitment to responsible practices.”

Huon previously was a GSI member between 2014 and 2017, and under new management, now re-joins the initiative, demonstrating the company’s commitment to

collaboration for continued sustainability improvements. Huon Aquaculture, founded in Tasmania’s rugged far south, is a vertically integrated company that produces and sells high-quality Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout products to domestic and international markets.

Huon Aquaculture is proudly operated by JBS Australia, which is part of JBS foods, the world’s largest food company and leading animal protein processor. “Responsibly-farmed salmon is one of the most sustainable animal protein sources and we look forward to sharing our learnings and expanding our knowledge through GSI,” adds Mr Batista.

“Farmed salmon has a great story to tell as a contributor to healthy, sustainable and climate-resilient diets,” says Sophie Ryan, GSI CEO. “In Tasmania, Huon is a major contributor to the local economy and is committed to continuous sustainability improvements and raising awareness about the health benefits of consuming salmon. This is where collective efforts like GSI can make a difference, by focusing in on the right trajectory and motivating and measuring progress to hold the sector accountable to its potential.”

ScaleAQ going for carbon-free sea transport

In collaboration with the carrier Kuehne+Nagel, ScaleAQ are now taking a big step towards their goal of a carbonfree supply chain. With this initiative, they are the first in Norway to have a large-scale and traceable investment in a biofuel-supported supply chain for sea freight.

The measures ScaleAQ take in collaboration with Kuehne+Nagel remove or offset the CO2emissions from their entire sea-based supply chain. Together with Kuehne+Nagel, they will in 2023:

reduce their emissions of CO2 by 960 tonnes WTW. be the first in Norway with a biofuel-supported supply chain for sea freight of equipment for the aquaculture industry

transport 1,000 containers of next-generation biofuel.

“We are working with Kuehne+Nagel to create a carbonfree supply chain for us and our customers,” says Hanne Digre, sustainability director at ScaleAQ.

“As a logistics partner for ScaleAQ, Kuehne+Nagel is honoured to contribute to our shared ambition for a sustainable future, which is a main priority in our Roadmap for 2026,” says Arne Faaberg, Director of Kuehne+Nagel Norway.

Immediate reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

The scheme enables emission-free transport for suppliers who otherwise do not have the opportunity to reduce their emissions – for example because fossil-free ships do not operate along their trade routes.

ScaleAQ’s emissions are reduced with immediate effect by:

1. The CO2 emissions from our shipments are calculated in detail.

2. Kuehne+Nagel buys biofuel equivalent to what is needed to offset our emissions.

3. The biofuel is used on container ships – this does not mean that our cargo is necessarily on board.

4. Biofuel consumption is attributed to their cargo, and they receive documentation that confirms the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

The scheme is of course fully traceable, which benefits ScaleAQ’s customers.

Immediate deductions on the bottom line in the climate statement

Many companies in the aquaculture industry have set specific targets to cut their own greenhouse gas emissions. For them, the scheme with emissions-compensated transport will be a welcome addition to the climate account.

In concrete terms, the reduction can be seen in the environmental documentation for the products bought from ScaleAQ, which now have a lower footprint than before. Initially, this applies to flotation collars, nets and mooring equipment.

These are figures ScaleAQ customers will soon be able to enter in their own climate accounts directly, with associated deductions on the bottom line.

“We want to do as much as we can, with immediate effect. At the same time, we recognize that we are not home free yet. We continue to deliver the necessary products and solutions for the production of one of the world’s most sustainable protein sources, while the work to find new and even better ways to cut emissions from our operations continues,” promises Ms Digre.

The next generation of biofuel

ScaleAQ’s shipments will be transported or compensated with the next generation of biofuel (second and third generation). The first generation of biofuel was a controversial form of energy for a long time – largely because the fuel was produced from foodstuffs such as sugar, corn and vegetable oil.

Today’s biofuel is produced from waste raw materials with no other useful value, such as waste oils, fats and algae, municipal solid waste and cellulose-containing biomass.

Brett Glencross

Searching for Sustainability...

It seems everyone is searching for sustainability at the moment. In the feed sector it seems most of the big feed companies have made statements to the effect of decreasing their impact by 30 percent by 2030 or something to that extent. What is encouraging in these ambition statements is the move to set measurable targets, because if you can’t measure something, you can’t manage it. Starting with a carbon-footprint analysis of feed production quickly demonstrates that between 70 to 90 percent of the footprint of feed is linked to its raw materials, so anything we can do to improve what we use, has significant impacts straight away. So, what are some of those things being considered in terms of positive actions?

First up is responsible sourcing. Making sure that the resources we use come from well managed fisheries (whether forage or human consumption). But this isn’t just a fisheries story, the other important natural resource we rely on is soil and natural terrestrial systems. We can limit the amount of land conversion involved in our raw material supply chains, and better manage

our agricultural practices, thereby protecting the soil and valuable carbon stores in those critical ecosystems.

By increasing the use of circular ingredients, we can reduce pressure on production and harvest demands by better utilising resources that are already available. This doesn’t necessarily need to extend to conversion of those resources into novel and alternative ingredients like insect meals. Many by-products of existing food production systems already have useful nutritional attributes. Fishery by-products are a classic example here that is frequently overlooked. Most of the world’s fishoil and about a third of global fishmeal supplies are now from such by-products, using about six million tonnes of food waste each year. But this is estimated to be less than a third of the fishery by-product biomass available from fish harvested for food. We still need better coordination of waste collection to capitalise on the potential scale of available ingredients in an economically feasible way while maintaining quality and safety standards. And finally, one of the often-overlooked ways of improving sustainability is through nutritional innovation. Those innovations that enhance feed efficiency and health, have multiplier effects in decreasing the footprint of production. A simple look at the way things like forage fish dependency ratios (FFDR) are calculated quickly shows that feed conversion (FCR) is a multiplier part of the equation. So, any improvement here has a marked effect on reducing impacts throughout the chain. However, nutritional innovation is a broad area and includes improved formulation specifications, ingredient quality enhancement, better feeding and management models that provide many options for improving efficiency. And I’m sure there are more that I haven’t yet found. But then we’re all searching for sustainability in some format or other. Sustainability is the north star. Responsible practices are the way to progress in this direction.

Bigger landing craft is direction of travel for salmon farmer

Scottish Sea Farms has taken delivery of its biggest landing craft to date, designed to support the company’s move to farms of fewer but larger pens. The 19m Hollie Rose was built in Scotland by Bute Boatbuilders to a design by Argyll-based naval architect AG Salmon.

The vessel, equipped with a PK32080 Palfinger crane and twin MD196TI Doosan diesel engines, will be based between Mull and Oban, and deployed across Scottish Sea Farms’ mainland estate, assisting with net washing, inspections and treatments.

In a first for Scotland, the boat is fitted with a state-of-theart ROV (remotely operated vehicle) Manta net washer –supplied by Norwegian company Mainstay – that removes marine debris from pens during washing, helping create an optimum environment for fish.

The Manta net washing system also has hole detection software, recording any possible damage to the nets and further improving containment surveillance. In another departure, the landing craft has on-board accommodation for two crew, enabling faster reaction times and greater flexibility.

Scottish Sea Farms Mainland Marine Engineering Manager Craig Cameron, who was involved in commissioning the new boat, says the Hollie Rose will be ready to go where needed at short notice.

“Having accommodation on a landing craft is new for us. It gives the farms a better service and makes the vessel more flexible.

“The two crew will work two weeks on/two weeks off, which is becoming an increasingly popular working pattern in rural areas where housing is scarce.”

The skippers, David McKie and Jacob Ellis, were appointed via internal promotion, with each bringing 10 years’ experience with Scottish Sea Farms, most recently in managerial roles at Bloody Bay farm.

Mr Cameron says the company’s future landing craft are likely to be at least the size of the Hollie Rose, if not bigger, in line with the move towards installing wider diameter pens at farms.

Scottish Sea Farms installed its first 160m circumference pens at its Fishnish A farm, off Mull, late last year, with four of the larger pens replacing the 10 existing 100m pens, while maintaining the same biomass.

The switch to fewer, but heavier and safer, pens not only provides better conditions for the fish but also frees up the farm team’s time so they can focus on the stock’s health and welfare. It is a strategy due to be rolled out at other Scottish Sea Farms locations.

Mr Cameron says there are several Scottish yards that could build boats to the Hollie Rose’s specifications.

“We contacted different yards in Scotland to get prices and availability and Bute was the best fit for us. We always look to local builders first.”

The Hollie Rose has been in service since the beginning of April, says Mr Cameron, who adds he was ‘given the honour’ of naming the boat after his two daughters.

Atlantic salmon

How

choline

from krill can help improve gut health

by Kiranpreet

The global market for salmon is on the rise, with expectations of 7 percent annual growth in the years to come. Farmed salmon continues to lead in efficiency and sustainability as well, unrivaled by its land-based competitors due to its low carbon footprint and high edible yield. Salmon also has rightly earned its position as an important source of nutrition – rich in protein, omega-3 fatty acids and other minerals and vitamins that humans need.

The nutritional benefits that the salmon delivers to the consumer, as well as the health and robustness of the fish itself, are highly dependent on the nutrients the fish receives through its own feed. These nutrients were once commonly supplied through fish meal and fish oil in the aquafeed. But due to instability of supply and price, many producers have sought out less expensive, plant-based feed ingredients as a substitute.

The trend towards plant-based feed substitutions has led to an imbalanced supply of essential nutrients in farmed salmon, choline in particular. Choline is present in low quantities in plantbased ingredients – and when the choline concentrations are low, intestinal problems can emerge that negatively impact fish health.

Choline is an important nutrient for preventing a condition called intestinal steatosis, which can evolve into lipid

malabsorption syndrome (LMS) in severe cases. This is a common syndrome among farmed Atlantic salmon that is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the intestine. When too much fat collects in the gut, it means that the fats (or lipids) are not being absorbed by the fish, thus negating the nutritional benefits and hindering development.

Choline sources’ impact on Atlantic salmon health in new study

The research team from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences, along with scientists from Aker BioMarine, recently conducted a new study that aimed to find out whether the type of choline in krill oil and krill meal (phosphatidylcholine) could help prevent intestinal steatosis or LMS, as compared to a synthetic form of choline (choline chloride). This marks the first time that this phosphatidylcholine from krill, as a source of choline, has been tested in salmon.

Eight-week feeding trial to assess choline effect on gut health

With a clear, choline-focused mission, the scientists set up an eight-week feeding study at the Center for Fish Research at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences in Ås, Norway. The Atlantic salmon were stocked 35 fish per freshwater tank, with 12 tanks in total. The salmon were fed three times each day for a duration of 30-minutes per meal. The fish received one of six diets that had been established for the study: two diets with krill oil (at different inclusion levels), two diets with krill meal (at different inclusion levels), one diet with high levels of choline

Kaur, Director R&D, Fish Health & Nutrition, Aker BioMarine, USA

In a first-of-its-kind study, where aquaculture scientists conclude that choline from krill can help prevent lipid malabsorption syndrome in salmon, while stimulating better growth.

chloride, and one reference diet with no choline supplement.

“To truly put krill to the test, we use two different dosages of choline from krill meal and krill oil. One does was low with 1.5g/kg and the other was slightly higher but suboptimal at 2.6 g/ kg of choline. We measured these doses against a completely non-supplemented diet, in addition to another diet that included a high dosage of choline chloride (4g/kg), in an amount above the optimum requirement. We wanted to see whether krill, even in low doses, had a more significant impact on gut health than the other choline source,” explains Dr. Kaur.

After 8 weeks of this feeding trial, scientists randomly selected six fish per tank for sampling. The sampling involved an analysis of the intestinal tract of the fish to assess the gut contents, with a particular focus on the amount of fat inside.

Choline from krill delivers highest growth rates and better fat absorption

Following the analysis of the study results, the group of scientists conclude that phosphatidylcholine from krill meal and krill oil are equally effective. Both krill forms outperform the other choline and non-choline diets in the experiment in delivering greater growth. In addition, the suboptimal levels of phosphatidylcholine from krill meal and krill oil improved intestinal health in the same extent as the high levels of choline supplementation with choline chloride.

To dig deeper in the results, a look at the fat accumulation in the salmon intestine at the conclusion of the study shows less fat in the fish consuming either of the krill diets. This means that more of the fat was absorbed into the fish consuming krill, thus decreasing

P R O F I U S

the likelihood of intestinal steatosis and/or lipid malabsorption syndrome in these groups. Besides the fat accumulation was reduced to the same extent in krill groups with suboptimal levels of choline and in the group with high levels of choline supplemented with choline chloride, indicating again that lower levels of organic choline from krill is equally effective as the high levels of inorganic choline.

The growth performance of the salmon was also evaluated during the study. The fish consuming the krill diets exhibited the highest growth rates, particularly in comparison to the choline

deficient diet. Salmon growth was significantly higher in the group consuming 2.6 g/kg of choline, which indicates that even sub-optimal levels of choline from krill are sufficient to satisfy the needs of choline for growth in salmon.

“In summary, what we learned is that natural choline from krill is an effective source of this nutrient, and it plays a key role in ensuring that salmon absorb fat rather than having it accumulated in the gut – which can lead to steatosis or in worst case, LMS,” concludes Dr. Kaur.

Adequate choline levels in salmon lead to better quality consumer products

Overall fish health has an impact on its overall quality as a consumer product. A fish with LMS is an unhealthy one, which can hinder the overall results for salmon producers. A plantbased diet may be a more affordable and available option, but the benefits may not outweigh the risks related to a choline-deficient diet.

Thanks to this study from leading fish health experts, the aquaculture industry now has a better understanding of how various sources of choline can play a role in growth and intestinal health. This experiment offered salmon producers an inside look at how krill meal and krill oil, even at lower inclusion levels, can be an impactful way to ensure that the fish are getting the nutrition they need to grow and thrive – so that these nutrientpacked fish can, in turn, give us humans what we need to stay healthy.

For humans, The Nordics will in 2023 update their nutritional advice. Up until now choline was not a part of the recommendations, but now it is getting attention and will be included in the guide, (https://www.nrk.no/nordland/ kolin-er-et-livsviktig-naeringsstoff-_-na-kommer-det-med-ikostholdsradene-1.16272559)

by Carlos Wurmann G, President

espite its growing global importance and the decline in extractive fishing in many countries, aquaculture in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), with harvests of almost 3.8 million tons valued at the producer level at about US$15.6 billion in 2020 (excluding algae) is still an emerging activity in most cases. So much so, that only three countries (Chile, Ecuador and Brazil) contribute more than 76 percent of the regional harvests in 20182020; 24 of the 44 countries with aquaculture statistics in LAC produce less than 1,000 tonnes per year in that three-year period, and 31 nations in the region harvest less than 10,000 tons per year in that period. In fact, many nations in the region have not yet determined their specific potential, do not clearly define their strategies or their future intentions although neighboring countries such as Ecuador, Chile, Brazil and others to which you could try to emulate them, show flourishing industries, with great positive impacts on their economies, on employment, etc. In this way, important possibilities for sustainable development, food supply and eventual exports in the region are missed, ignoring that we have enormous sectoral potential, and that we occupy the second place of importance in world crops, after Asia. Here, however, LAC shows average values per kilo cultivated (producer level) of US$ 4.2, compared to US$ 2.9 for Asia, and US$ 3.0 as a world average in 2020.

Now, when the political-strategic decision to develop the sector is made, it is not unusual for improvisations, zigzags, vagueness and discontinuities to begin, a situation that, in cases headed by governments, leads to frustrations and/or failures that discredit aquatic crops, given the lack of tangible and sustainable results of any significance. In many cases it is intended to request support from the local university and/or R&D sector, so that it provides the necessary technical knowledge, when these same they are probably not trained for these purposes or to deliver concrete results in reasonable terms. If, on the contrary, production is led by private companies, and probably in the face of an illprepared State, they probably acquire technological packages or invite foreign experts, to save time and resources, and the productive results can be more encouraging, and invite to make larger investments. In these cases, if the Government of the case does not perceive these movements on time, undesirable environmental and/or social impacts can be generated, and

thus invalidate the productive achievements, given the possible rejection in the markets, the social environment, etc.

GOVERNANCE AND AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT D

Thus, the aquaculture development process should not only be based on recognising the advantages and limitations of each country, be they geographical, environmental, social, economic and/or political, but also, and as soon as possible, governments should exercise strong leadership to adequately direct these important processes, through realistic visions of the future, adequate regulations and institutional arrangements, and fundamentally, through duly trained personnel, who understand the particularities of the sector, the realities in other parts of the world, and are familiar with the trends in technology, market, sustainability and many other matters.

It is then a question of generating a propositional 'governance' (not a castrating one, as sometimes happens), which invites growth, taking advantage of market opportunities, but in accordance with clear rules of the game that create an adequate environment for sustainable aquaculture development. If this does not happen, and it is poorly improvised, the country in question limits or impedes sectoral growth, discredits aquaculture, and a self-destructive spiral occurs as a result of what we can call 'aquaculture misgovernment'.

Governance, together with sustainability, market and technological factors, is then one of the fundamental pillars on which the process of establishment and/or growth of aquaculture in our countries must rest. This series of regulations, policies, institutional arrangements and agreements with the productive, support and civil society sectors are essential to guide successful and lasting processes, and consequently we must take care of them very conscientiously, under penalty of alternatively transitioning to misgovernment and/or failure. Thus, let us not let technological, biological, market and/or good competitive conditions illusions, considered by themselves and in isolation from aspects of good governance, blind our understanding of the processes that we want to detonate or amplify. Let's conduct our aquaculture growth sustainably, based on well-designed and agreed-upon government premises, to guarantee clean production, well-paid jobs, in a friendly way with the environment and communities, and with adequate economic profitability.

LAC is already a leader in world aquaculture, especially in the West. Let us then take advantage of the opportunities offered by our geography and other favorable conditions, let us grow sustainably by applying adequate governance, and generate wealth, well-being and food for our populations and for the world.

of International Center for Strategic Studies for Aquaculture, Santiago de Chile.

Aquaculture Engineering

How to measure large pump discharge? It is simple!

by M. E. Esmaeili, Aquaculture engineer and shrimp farmer, AFTM Ltd, Iran

If you are a farmer or a technician who goes to a farm for work, you may need to know how much the discharge or flow of a pump is. If you look at the pump label, it is simple to find the H (Head) and Q (Discharge), but pumps are usually not working at the written rates. It is essential for you to know how much water is pumped and transferred to your pond in an hour. Then what to do? It is simple, just follow the article!

If your pipe is small, suppose 4" or less, you can buy a flow meter and install it on the pipe. The counter is the most accurate way to find the flow, but if your pump and pipe is a large one, this solution is expensive. For such cases, we introduce an easy method as follows.

The Basic equation

The basic equation to calculate the discharge rate is Q= A*V

Q: Discharge (m3/sec)

A: Pipe or canal inner section (m2)

V: Water velocity (m/sec)

Any flow rate either in a pipe or in a canal or a river can be measured by this general equation. To find the area you may use a simple equation for a circle or rectangle, but to finding the velocity, some more work you have to do. Let us start with area calculation, A.

How to measure the area

Pumps are connected to the outlet pipe, we shall calculate the area of the inner section of the pipe. Use this simple equation as you know in fig.2, A= r2x3.1416.

A: Pipe inner section area (m2)

R: Pipe inner radius (m)

Figure 1: Basic equation for discharge

Figure 2: Calculation of pipe section

Figure 3: Segment area equation

What to do if the pipe is not full of water? A new equation is shown in fig.3. All you need is shown in the equation.

A: Water section area (m2)

R: Pipe inner radius (m)

h: Depth of empty segment in the pipe (m)

How to measure velocity in the pipes

In order to calculate the discharge you need two data; one is an area of the water pass and the second is the water velocity. You can use the area using your own equation, or use the above equations, but how to calculate water velocity? Two simple ways will be given below.

If the water comes from a horizontal pipe and releases into the pond, you can use this simple equation shown in fig.4 and 5.

V: Water velocity (m/sec)

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• High seas fishing

Q: Discharge (m3/sec)

By using the equations in fig.4, you can find the water velocity and discharge.

How to measure the area in canals

If the water is flowing in a canal, there is another way to calculate the discharge. The same equation in fig.1 is used again. To find the area, see fig.6, fig.7, and fig.8

How to measure velocity in canals

If you have a water flow in a canal, get a bottle and put some

Figure 5: A sample to measure H, L

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running water. Measure the speed of the bottle while moving near the center of the canal. By recording the time and the route of the bottle, you can find the speed using the equation in fig.9. Then you can calculate the discharge. A correction factor (C) is considered for smooth canal surface and rough surface because the average speed is less than the central speed of the water flow. This factor may change more or less and this is only an assumption.

If you want to measure the water velocity in a river or earthen canal, use a lower correction factor. Find a general value of C in Fig.9.

Unit Exchange

There are different units for your calculations. These equations are useful:

- 1 feet = 30.5 cm

- 1 In = 2.54 cm

- 1 lit/sec means one liter per second

- 1 m3/sec = 1000 lit/sec

- 1 m3/sec means one cubic meter per second

- 1 m3/hr = 3600 m3/sec

- 1 m3/hr = 3.6 lit/sec

- 1 gpm = 3.79 lit/min

(Note: The above data and calculation are simplified for common use. For more accurate calculations, you should follow the hydraulic and fluid mechanics rules.)

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Figure 6: Area calculation in a rectangle canal

Figure 7: Area calculation in a trapezius canal

Figure 8: Area calculation in a river

Figure 9: Water velocity and discharge measurements

canal

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IF YOU THINK ALL LYSOPHOSPHOLIPIDS ARE THE SAME...

The biology and aquaculture of sea urchins

By Matt E. Bell (Hons) Marine Biology and Oceanography, University of Plymouth, UK Professor Simon J. Davies, International Aquafeed Nutrition Editor, and Dr Alex Wan, University of Galway, Ireland.

Sea urchins are marine echinoderms belonging to the class Echinoidea. They are characterised by their spherical or discshaped body covered with spines and a hard, calcareous test. Sea urchins are found in various habitats ranging from shallow intertidal zones to deep-sea environments, and they play important ecological roles in marine ecosystems.

Sea Urchin Biology

The anatomy and physiology of sea urchins are well-adapted to their marine environment. Sea urchins have a complex water vascular system that helps them move, feed, and respire. The water vascular system consists of a series of fluid-filled canals connected to tube feet that are used for locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange.

The diet of sea urchins primarily consists of algae, which the animal scrapes off rocks or other substrates using their specialised feeding appendages called Aristotle's lantern. These have a unique dental apparatus which are composed of five calcium carbonate teeth that are used to scrape and crush food

particles. The ability of sea urchins to feed on various types of algae makes them important grazers in marine ecosystems, helping to control the growth of algae populations.

Life Cycle and Breeding

Sea urchins have a complex life cycle that typically includes a planktonic larval stage followed by a benthic adult stage. The reproductive cycle of sea urchins is influenced by various factors such as temperature, food availability, and photoperiod. Sea urchins are usually dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, although some species can change sex during their lifetime.

Fertilisation in sea urchins is external, with eggs and sperm released into the water column. After fertilisation, the embryos develop into free-swimming planktonic larvae, which undergo a series of developmental stages before settling on the seabed and metamorphosing into juvenile sea urchins. The larval stage is a critical period for sea urchins, as they are vulnerable to predation and environmental changes.

In aquaculture, sea urchins are commonly bred in hatcheries to produce juveniles that can be grown to marketable size. Various techniques such as induced spawning, artificial insemination,

nutrients for their growth and reproduction. Several studies have shown that artificial diets can support the growth and survival of sea urchins in aquaculture. Although their nutritional requirements and feeding behaviour can vary among species and life stages. Further research is needed to optimise artificial diets and feeds for sea urchins in aquaculture, taking into consideration factors such as palatability, digestibility, and nutritional content (essential vitamins and macro and trace metals) and pellet stability.

Sea urchin gonads are well known for their characteristic yellow, orange and sometimes strong crimson colour due to the retention of varying classes of carotenoids. β-echinenone has been isolated as a major carotenoid in the gonads of edible sea urchins. It is oxidatively synthesised from β-carotene via an intermediary β-isocryptoxanthin. Such carotenoids are important and play a functional role in urchins, affecting gonad colour, reproduction, development, antioxidant status and phagocytosis against bacteria in the sea urchin. Xanthophylls such as fucoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin do not affect gonad colour as in fish species but have significant effects on fecundity and survival of larvae. Most of the β-echinenone fraction in the gonads (ovaries and testes) consists of the 9'-cis-isomer. The cis carotenoid may have a specific function in the sea urchin, possibly related to reproduction. Commercial sea urchin diets will need to consider carotenoid sources and stability to provide colour and meet market expectations.

Disease and Health

Sea urchins are susceptible to various diseases and health issues in aquaculture, which can impact their survival and growth. Common diseases in sea urchins include bacterial infections, fungal infections, and parasitic infestations. These diseases can be caused by poor water quality, stress, overcrowding, and other environmental factors.

To maintain the health of sea urchins in aquaculture, proper water quality management, hygiene, and disease monitoring are essential. Quarantine measures, regular health checks, and appropriate treatment protocols can help prevent and manage disease outbreaks in sea urchins. Additionally, optimising their diet and nutrition can also contribute to their overall health and disease resistance.

Market Value and Costs

The market for sea urchins, particularly their gonads or roe, is driven by demand in high-end culinary markets, where they are considered a delicacy in many countries, such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Europe. Sea urchin roe, also known as uni, is highly valued for its unique flavour and texture, and it is used in various gourmet dishes, sushi, and sashimi.

The market value of sea urchins can vary depending on factors such as species, size, quality, and market demand, one example of this can be seen by the Loxechinus albus (Molina, 1782) sea

urchin. In 2020, over 37663 tonnes per year (live weight) of L. albus was recorded according to the FAO. The cost of sea urchin aquaculture can also vary depending on location, production scale, and production methods. Initial setup costs for sea urchin hatcheries, equipment, and infrastructure, as well as ongoing operational costs for labour, feed, and water management, can all contribute to the overall production costs.

Challenges and Future Directions

Despite the potential for sea urchin aquaculture, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable production. These challenges include maintaining water quality, managing diseases, optimising nutrition, and developing costeffective and environmentally friendly feeds.

Furthermore, there is a need for further research and development of artificial diets and feeds that can provide optimal nutrition for sea urchins, improve their growth rates, and reduce dependency on natural food sources. Advances in feed technology, such as the use of microencapsulation and biotechnology, may hold promise for developing innovative and sustainable feeds for sea urchins in the future.

Conclusion

Sea urchins are highly sort after seafood with a biology and lifecycle. They are important grazers in marine ecosystems and have potential for aquaculture production, particularly for their gonads. Proper nutrition, disease management, and market value considerations are critical factors for successful sea urchin aquaculture.

In conclusion, sea urchin aquaculture has gained attention as a potential sustainable seafood production practice. Understanding the biology, life cycle, breeding, and diet of sea urchins is crucial for successful aquaculture. Proper nutrition, disease management, and market value considerations are important factors in sea urchin aquaculture, with ongoing research and development needed to optimise production practices. Advances in artificial diets and feeds, along with effective disease management strategies, can contribute to the sustainable production of sea urchins in aquaculture. However, challenges such as water quality, disease outbreaks, and production costs need to be addressed to ensure the long-term viability of sea urchin aquaculture. With further research and technological advancements, sea urchin aquaculture has the potential to meet market demand while minimising environmental impacts and promoting sustainable seafood production.

(References can be made available on request)

Craftsmanship in the aquafeed processing industry.

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Would you like to know more about our approach? Let’s talk aquafeed.

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY Tech update

FIFISH V-EVO QYSEA’s V6 series

The rapidly growing market for compact underwater drones is being revolutionised by QYSEA Technology, a leading manufacturer redefining the capabilities of small remotely operated machines. FIFISH V-EVO, QYSEA's latest addition to the award-winning V6 series, is the first underwater drone to feature a 4K 60 FPS camera with 360-degree omnidirectional movement, allowing explorers and filmmakers to capture stunning underwater moments in high-resolution video.

Featuring a 4K 60 FPS professional-grade camera system, FIFISH V-EVO can capture increased detail and smooth slow-motion videos in ultra-high definition. The drone is equipped with dual 5000 lumens 5500K white LED lights, capable of illuminating dark underwater surroundings to reveal their vibrant colours. QYSEA's unique six-thruster layout enables unrestricted movement, facilitating creative and dynamic underwater filming. The drone also utilises AI-powered image enhancements to filter out plankton-induced white marine flakes and improve footage clarity.

The FIFISH V-EVO's hydrodynamic, fluid, and rugged water droplet design ensures minimal resistance against ocean currents, allowing for longer dives. An attachment port accommodates a variety of tools, enabling integration and versatility for various tasks and scenarios. Suitable for both leisure and professional use, the compact FIFISH V-EVO is ideal for filmmaking, deep-sea exploration, marine monitoring, scuba diving excursions, and more. QYSEA is excited to continue inspiring curiosity and exploration of the oceans.

Flocell XFM Fines Filters

A cost-effective technology for the fine particle problem

by Gavin Haywood, M.S.c., Director, Flocell, UK

Aquaculture is rapidly evolving, there’s no escaping it and now advances in technology and best practice make land-based intensive fish-farming a viable option for our food supply needs.

It has long been known that rearing fish at sea has challenges that have now become unsustainable. Apart from commercial viability, increasing scrutiny is given to our environment and therefore maintaining control of a more sustainable and balanced system is increasingly deemed to represent the way forward for our industry.

Rearing fish on land brings control back to the farmer, we are now able to optimise the living conditions for brood-stock whilst at the same time preventing escapees and the known damage they inflict on local, wild populations. Where very difficult to manage in the past, biosecurity can be maintained and pollution is now more manageable.

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors are becoming increasingly important to all stakeholders and taking a more sustainable approach to rearing fish, whilst requiring

investment, is now paramount and coming at a time where Global inflation and energy costs are rising, this is something that all operators are under continuing pressure to try and mitigate.

Fines continue to be a problem

One of the significant hurdles the industry has faced since RAS became popular, is the management of fine particle removal. Fish produce waste that needs to be managed but biological filtration by way of Moving Bed Bio-Reactors (MBBRs) produces particles as bacterial communities used in nitrification are replaced by new organisms. Fixed Bed Bio Reactors are used by some but some of these run into significant design issues surrounding cleaning, aeration and associated sludge removal which leads to anoxic conditions within the bed, poor nitrification and critical danger of H2S.

The multitude of pumps managing inline systems results in a continuing degradation of larger particles to smaller ones which then become increasingly complex to manage and reduce.

Flocell XFM filters and media have been designed to effectively control this problem and are highly flexible as to their deployment.

A unique solution for aquaculture

Flocell XFM Fines filters are currently the only solution that provides effective filtration with no hydraulic head loss. As they can be used under gravity, the cost savings on a power alone basis is substantial, moreover XFM filters have in excess of 100 times the retention capacity of similar sized sand filters meaning that less interaction is needed, increasing profitability and reducing downtime. At a time when sustainability is now paramount and low-carbon solutions are always being sought where possible; XFM filters will deliver exceptional performance whilst lowering the carbon balance.

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The solution to REDUCE FEED COSTS

Exceptional performance with even the heaviest of solids load

XFM filters use a high-performance proprietary media element that has been specifically designed to capture fine particles and retain them within the structure until cleaning. This means that whilst suffering no head loss, a huge solids load (over 200mg/l) can be easily accommodated with no loss of performance.

A single XFM unit can retain over 100kgs of solids and still filter at optimal efficiency, this means that they can be operated for extended periods with no requirement for cleaning.

Very low water loss

Typical sand filters require significant volumes of water to effectively clean themselves. XFM units are cleaned by air sparging for a short cycle and therefore only a small volume of water is sent to waste unlike other technologies where multiple volumes of water are lost, and far more frequently.

Exceptional retention capacity

XFM Media can be used in large installations with high flow rates to capture particles down to 20µm with 100 percent efficiency (at 10µm the media is 80 percent efficient). Solids management is undertaken on a periodic basis by vigorously aerating the basin before sending the concentrated waste to final settlement or treatment nearby.

XFM Filters are also highly effective when continuously filtering a body of water and in situations where they can be deployed on individual fish tanks on a permanent loop, they can be used to keep particles present at an absolute minimum, requiring very infrequent cleaning and taking the pressure off other systems downstream.

Hatcheries

Keeping water in optimal condition is vital in ensuring lower mortalities and better fish health. XFM filters are used to both effectively manage particles within the RAS loop or feed-water sump. A single low-cost filter can comfortably manage flows of

20m3/hr and where constant filtration is required, units can be placed in series and cleaned independently when needed. These filters can be simply specified with manual valves or automated for completely independent operation.

Water recovery and recycling

Water is a valuable resource and in many parts of the World a scarce one too. With waste water a very significant part of any land-based system, XFM filters have been successfully used to seamlessly recover over 95 percent of previously lost water back to the systems in which they are integrated.

The commercial importance of recycling is further enhanced when looking at scenarios where water is temperature controlled and thus being able to recycle back to the loop further reduces operating costs.

XFM filters have been used in conjunction with large scale drum filter effluent and as long as an effective screening system is in place to manage gross solids and prevent them entering the unit, they are able to comfortably accommodate even the heaviest suspended solids loading rates.

Large-scale RAS systems can lose up to 5 percent of their water daily as until now there has been no way to manage large flows coupled with heavy solids loading rates.

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• MORTALITY RATES

• STABLE, CONTROLLED GROWTH

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TECHNOLOGY SHOWCASE

Innovations this month

May 2023

In this month’s Product Showcase we address water quality in aquaculture, which is particularly crucial in RAS facilities, including a drain waste collection system, a smart monitoring system and a UV disinfection system, all to improve water quality in fish farming.

If you would like your product or service to appear in this section in a future edition of International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology magazine, then please contact us at editorial@perendale.co.uk

Hydro-Mix HT-EX by Hydronix

The Hydro-Mix HT-EX has been designed to measure moisture in flowing bulk solids such as animal feed, grain, rice and pulses. The sensor can be easily installed in ducting, conveying and mixing systems. It is suitable for Zone 20 process environments and is specifically designed for high temperature applications.

Comprising a single, intelligent unit that contains all on-board functionality including signal processing and averaging, the Hydro-Mix HT-EX precisely measures the moisture content of material passing over the ceramic faceplate.

Remote configuration, calibration, diagnostics and firmware upgrades are simple using Hydronix Hydro-Com software. The linear output allows direct integration with any control system using industry standard interfaces. www.hydronix.com

Learn more – Learn onsite

F360M by Cretel

Cretel, the Belgian machine manufacturer of food processing equipment, is set to roll out the F360M. This new generation of table top fish skinners will be available in Q3 of 2023.

The Cretel engineers have been working intensively on re-engineering the existing machines with focus on better hygiene, ergonomic design, user friendliness, safety and easy maintenance. The F360M is the new generation of the popular manual table top fish skinner 362. Additionally, the F360M will also replace the 365F.

The new F360M has a newly designed hygienic frame that complements the improved standard cleaning system with the starroller cleaning system from the old 365F. The starroller has a lot of advantages when skinning fish with hard skin, like ray and skate wings. In addition, Cretel also improved the entry of the machine: it is now angled instead of straight. Thanks to all of this, the F360M has truly become the ultimate allround manual table top fish skinner. www.cretel.com

FIFISH V-EVO, by QYSEA Technology

FIFISH V-EVO, QYSEA's latest addition to the award-winning V6 series, is the first underwater drone to feature a 4K 60 FPS camera with 360-degree omnidirectional movement, allowing explorers and filmmakers to capture stunning underwater moments in high-resolution video.

Featuring a 4K 60 FPS professional-grade camera system, FIFISH V-EVO can capture increased detail and smooth slow-motion videos in ultra-high definition. The drone is equipped with dual 5000 lumens 5500K white LED lights, capable of illuminating dark underwater surroundings to reveal their vibrant colors.

QYSEA's unique six-thruster layout enables unrestricted movement, facilitating creative and dynamic underwater filming. The drone also utilizes AI-powered image enhancements to filter out plankton-induced white marine flakes and improve footage clarity. The FIFISH V-EVO's hydrodynamic, fluid, and rugged water droplet design ensures minimal resistance against ocean currents, allowing for longer dives.

www.qysea.com

SHOWCASE

Weighing Scale by IDAH

IDAH weighing and dosing systems are for precise weighing of bulk solids and monitor incoming raw ingredients, ensuring precise recipe formulation with bulk materials.

Accurate and reliable system for handling powder and granular material to allow precise weighing. Can be used for material dosing of materials from bins. Controlled with auto batching software. This weighing scale is designed for a wide variety of applications in weighing bulk solids, powdered, and granule materials. This weighing scale can be connected to the material batching system and automatically operated based on the formula in food, pet food, aqua feed, and animal feed industry.

Features and Benefits:

High-end load cell reduces maintenance cost

Gravimetric batch dosing system to fit different processing requirements

Round shape hopper design for ranging 100~500 kg

Square shape hopper design for handling over 500 kg

Closed design hopper for low-dust operation

https://idah.com

www.onlinemillingschool.com

The Holmen NHP200 Series 2, is our flagship pellet durability tester used worldwide for calculating the Pellet Durability Index (PDI) of feed and wood pellets by simulating the pellet transportation environment from mill to trough.

Once a sample of pellets is loaded into the machine it removes any fines, weighs the sample, tests the pellets by agitating them with air at a fixed 70mBar pressure, weighs the remaining sample and calculates the PDI. This automatic solution removes the chance of human error, providing an accurate and reliable test method. The reduction in human input also allows other tasks to be completed while a test is done, ideal in a busy laboratory or where a wide number of staff carry out the testing. The average test lasts only 4 minutes and the test time is automatically set according to the pellet diameter entered. Suitable for pellets 3mm-12mm diameter. www.tekpro.com

Holmen NHP200 Series 2 by Tekpro

Aquaculture case study

Krill fishing in the Antarctic impacting predator population

The harvesting of the fish, more specifically krill, in the Antarctic has accelerated in the past few decades and has been planned to increase more in the next few years. Krill has a role in removing the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and this means that the potential extinction of this fish could increase the rate of climate change.

by Kira Thomas, International Aquafeed contributor, UK

In the AquaFeed industry, we must widen our perspective and look to plant-based alternatives to fish oil. The depletion of the krill population may have a detrimental impact on the food chain in the Antarctic, which would lead to the extinction of the animals we admire most in this area of the world.

Role in climate change

Krill survive on phytoplankton which takes out carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so when they secrete carbon-rich faecal pellets this locks the carbon away at the bottom of the sea.

The fish farming industry has planned to increase their fishing for krill in Antarctica, in the next few years, which will ultimately increase the rate of climate change and drive extinction of the predator population due to the decrease in fish. In addition, the already rising sea levels and increasing acidity of the ocean will also aid the reduction of krill. To attempt to prevent the rate of climate change increasing, due to the animal feed industry, scientists have been looking for solutions to the impact this could have on the earth.

Nutritional benefits of Krill

Krill are small crustaceans, similar to shrimp, found worldwide in the ocean; around 80 percent of captured Krill is used in the AquaFeed industry. They are used as a replacement for other

fishmeal and fish oil- which goes into omega-3 supplements and feed additives. Krill fish can even be used as an attractant in fish feed according to Sigve Nordrum, executive vice president of animal health and nutrition at Aker BioMarine.

Krill can be freeze-dried and enable one step extraction of krill oil using ethanol. Krill meal can also be made by cooking krill at a low temperature (80-85 degrees) which is followed by drying and grinding the krill.

In Aquafeed, krill meal is a source of chitin from the exoskeleton of Krill and soluble compounds like trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), free amino acids and nucleotides that may stabilise enzymes and other structural proteins.

Uses of Krill

Although it is usually a food source for marine animals, aquarium fish like Oscars, Arowana, Large Cichlids, Marine Fish, Koi (and Pond Fish), Turtles and Reptiles can be fed krill meal. The nutritional benefits of krill mean it can be used as an occasional source of protein in fish meal as it is feed efficienteasily absorbed- and, in krill oil, it can increase the rate of fish growth and improve the colour (and taste) of shrimp tails. On the other hand, krill meal cannot be used as the main protein source or analog in fishmeal as key nutrients need to be considered to make it cost-effective; krill oil is of a much higher cost than fish

Location: Wesley Vale, Tasmania, Australia

Product: Aqua feed: Dosing

“In Tasmania, they had plans to convert a former cardboard factory into a fish feed factory. And so it happened.”

oil due to its harvesting and processing methods.

For the past two decades, the AquaFeed industry has used krill as an alternative feed that does not rely on wild fish to put in feeds due to the depletion in an increasing number of wild fish stock. However, because sources like fish oil are continually being used and then run out, it is clear we must identify another potential replacement for the industry. Independent scientists say the krill fishery could have a detrimental effect on Antarctica’s predator populations, which are also suffering from the impacts of climate change.

A change in the way we harvest

The fishing of Krill was allowed in 1991 by the CCAMLR, meaning they could catch up to 620,000 metric tons per year. At this time, it was seen as being sustainable if it was limited to this amount. However, in the last 20 years it has increased to roughly 451,000 metric tonnes, which clearly is too high to not inflict a negative impact.

The mass harvesting of krill from the Antarctic Sea speeds up the effects of climate change by driving extinction of already scarce animals like whales and seals. Krill fishing is unsustainable.

The AquaFeed industry is steadily increasing, so as a result a sustainable alternative must be put in place to combat the climate emergency. To effectively reverse the effect on krill it has been stated that “at least 30 percent of the global ocean” must be protected, said Christian of ASOC. Although this may seem unattainable, over the years, scientists have been proposing the inauguration of 3 new marine protected areas in East Antarctica, the Weddell Sea and the Antarctic Peninsula.

Furthermore, if the animal feed industry can find and enforce

the use of sustainable substitutes for krill, the less demand there will be for the product and, “eventually you could see a knockon effect on the krill harvesting” says Sophie Nodzenski at the Changing Markets Foundation.

Krill can be used as a protein source and a source of omega-3, which aids the general health, growth, reproductive health for fish. A plant-based protein component that can replace krill’s protein supply, is Soybean. Soybeans are an invaluable non-fish source of essential omega-3 fatty acids, healthy proteins, and unsaturated fats. To feed these to fish they are ground and then cooked to approximately 60 degrees, where it is then squeezed to remove the liquids and toasted then finally it’s cooled and can be fed to fish alongside other feed.

On the other hand, soybean does not contain as much of the sulphur containing amino acids methionine and cysteine so the amino acid requirement of most fish species is not met in soybean alone, but introducing supplements that contains more of these amino acid (EAA’s or CAA's) can reduce this effect. Therefore, Soybean provides similar nutritional benefits to krill in fish feed and can be considered as a more widely used, accepted substitute in the industry.

Other substitutes can also be used to provide these nutritional values. For example, insects have been looked at more as a protein component. Also, specific seaweed species and microalgae may contain oils that can be used in AquaFeed, which can eventually alleviate the reliance on fish oil.

In short, changing the way we harvest krill and substituting the krill with plant-based components, such as soybean, will help to reduce the effect that the over-harvesting of krill has caused in the past and will continue to cause in the future if we don’t implement a change.

Industry Events

6 - 8

Expo Pesca AcuiPeru

2023 May

23 - 24

Blue Food Innovation Summit

London, England

www.bluefoodinnovation.com

Lima, Peru

www.thaiscorp.com

11 - 13

Seafood Expo Asia

Singapore www.seafoodexpo.com

18 - 21

Aquaculture Europe

Vienna, Austria www.aquaeas.org

2023 October

11 - 13

Aquaculture Vietnam 2023

Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam https://aquafisheriesexpo.com

23-25

Victam LatAm

29-1

World Aquaculture 2023

Darwin, Australia

www.was.org

2023 June

21-22

Seagriculture Conference EU 2023

Trondheim, Norway

https://seagriculture.eu

2023 July

5 - 6

Aquaculture Philippines 2023

Pasay City, Philippines

www.livestockphilippines.com

8-10

VIV Turkey

Istanbul, Turkey

www.vivturkey.com

2023 August

23-25

Aqua Nor Trondheim, Norway

https://aquanor.no

2023 September

6 - 7

Seagriculture USA 2023

Portland, USA

https://seagriculture-usa.com

Sao Paulo, Brazil. https://victamlatam.com

23 - 26

Aqua Expo 2023

Guayaquil, Ecuador https://aquaexpo.com.ec

2023 November

1 - 3

Aquaculture Taiwan

Taipei, Taiwan, www.aquaculturetaiwan.com

13- 16

AFRAQ - Aquaculture Africa

Lusaka, Zambia www.was.org

14 - 17

Fenacam

Natal, Brazil www.fenacam.com.br

Highlights from the 7th Annual Aqua Feed Extrusion Conference at VIV Bangkok

by Dr Mian N. Riaz, Texas A&M University, USA

Aqua Feed International, VIV and Dr. Mian N. Riaz from Texas A&M University hosted their annual 7th Aqua feed conference at the VIV Event in Bangkok, Thailand on March 7th, 2023. This conference was attended by more than 60 participants from all over the world. Below are the highlights for each talk given by ten international speakers at this conference.

How to Select an Extruder for Making Aqua Feed

Dr. Mian N. Riaz, Head of the Extrusion Technology Program at Texas A&M University, USA explained that in today’s market, several companies offer all kinds of extruders for making aqua feed, which can make the process of selecting an appropriate extruder very confusing for the consumer. There are too many choices in the market for buying an extruder. For examples, Single screw extruder; twin screw extruder; wet extruder; dry extruder; interrupted flight extruders; segmented types extruder; non-segmented extruder; high sheer extruder; low or medium shear extruder; extruder with vented barrel; conical screw extruder; thermal extruder; intermeshed co-rotating or counter rotating twin screw extruder; extruder with constant speed motor drive vs variable speed drive; extruder with back pressure valve; extruder with external density control system; extruder with manual, semi-automatic and fully automated control system; extruder with capabilities for online analysis; extruder with volumetric or gravimetric feeding system; extruder with different compression ratio; expanders without preconditioner and with preconditioner. Additionally, there are even several options available for preconditioner, for example, single shaft preconditioner; double shaft preconditioner; differential diameter preconditioner (DDC); two stage preconditioners; high intensity preconditioner (HIP) and high shear conditioner (HSC), etc.

Deciding on an appropriate selection depends on what kind of aqua feed needs to be made. Questions such as is it floating, sinking, slow sinking, high fat or low fat, semi moist or dry, the size of the pellet need to be considered first. An extruder can make feed from 0.6 mm to 60 mm; thus, selection of an extruder will depend upon the size of the pellet. All these factors will dictate what type of extruder you should select for making aqua feed.

Why Particle Size Matters in Aquaculture Feeds

Phil Erickson from Reynolds Engineering and Equipment, USA, explained that the first step in making aqua feed is to prepare your raw material using proper grinder and pulverizer for extrusion and that can be very costly, if not careful, you can spend lot of energy and efforts and then still ended up with poor quality pellets. Size reduction requirements for most feed and food industries vary upon application, which in aqua feed is between macro and micro particles. The size of particles bound together in a pellet, whether pelleted or extruded, influence feed production in the plant and performance in an aqua enclosure. This talk was focused on size reduction equipment currently used in agriculture and aquaculture applications and physical properties of particles, focusing on current and upcoming issues associated with size reduction in aquaculture.

Advanced Techniques for Extruded Shrimp Feed

Michel Bauer Pereira, Global Application Manager – Aqua and Pet; Andritz, Denmark gave an overview about making shrimp feed with extrusion technology. There are several different types of shrimp feed that is being made such as larvae and post larvae, starter, grower, finisher and brood stock. This feed can be herbivore and omnivore and pellet stability in water and making

it 100 percent sinking are most important factors for shrimp feed. Finished feed must have high protein, low starch and fiber and the required amount of minerals and vitamins. To make good quality shrimp feed grinding is most important, then conditioning of the raw material and extrusion processing. He discussed the expansion control system which can be used to make 100 percent sinking feed and this system can be adopted with extruder after the die. After extrusion drying of these small pellets is a challenge and then coating these pellets with oil and digest for palatability is also an art because of the small diameter.

Selecting the Right Dryer for Fish and Shrimp Feed

Albert Wang – from CPM Asia provided an overview of drying theory, dryer in feed industry, what are the factor which effect dryer effectiveness can one dry fit all the industry and most importantly energy and cost of drying. He explained different types of dryer for the aqua feed industry, including horizontal dryer, vertical box type counterflow dryer, and carousel dryer with vertical cross counter rotatory flow. He also provided dryer comparison for all these dryers for the moisture uniformity, retention time, energy demand, product change over, area requirement, cleaning in place and steam consumption. He explained that not one dryer fits all needs, some of them can over dry and some of them can under dry the fish and shrimp feed. All these variations translate into energy loss. He concluded his talk, that not one dyer fits all. Moisture uniformity is the key point to effective drying process and uniform moisture dryer can increase profit.

EXTRUSION AND EXPANSION TECHNOLOGY YOU CAN TRUST

The Almex AXT 220 Single screw extruder consists of a robust base frame that supports the main motor, gearbox, and extruder barrel. This frame can be executed in mild steel or stainless steel for extended lifetime. The direct coupled inline geared motor ensures the optimal energy efficiency.

Capacity: 10,0 - 12,0 t/h (indication only)

with the Extruder AXT 220

Premium Extruded Shrimp Feeds

Dana Nelson Extru-Tech, USA gave his talk on premium extruded shrimp feed. He started his talk by explaining what extrusion is and its benefits. Cooking extrusion offers many advantages over alternative forming technology and as a result has been the preferred method for producing many aquatic feeds. Critical attributes for shrimp feed are that it must sink and stay stable in water for some time. He explained that shrimp feed production has not been standardised globally. Finding the ideal method for producing shrimp feeds is not a new debate and worldwide there is no consensus about the “best” method. He provided several different options to process shrimp feed. One of those options is to control expansion with the new concept of advanced Densification Technology (ADT) refinements which make it quite different. The basic concept is to move the cooking process away from the forming process (the die) in new ways. ADT components can create HIGHER heat and shear in the initial stage of the extruder than is typical (online control). The goal is to get sufficient heat early in the process allowing the final stages to focus on densifying and forming pellets. ADT equipped systems offer screw geometry, and conditioning dwell times that are atypical. The key components are: Mid Barrel Valve (MBV); Non-Conical final screw and head; Novel die and tube adapters; New die and cutting systems focused on increasing surface area for holes and longer knife options; Innovative configurations and screw segments. In summary, new die designs have eliminated the bottleneck small pellet sizes have been plagued with. This has always been a factor in low-fat shrimp formulations and feeds smaller than 3.0mm. Surface area is increased dramatically to permit more open area and hole geometry can be designed for densifying the pellet and facilitating higher capacity rather than restricting flow and ensuring sufficient cook.

Making Floating and Sinking Feed Using Twin Screw Technology

Hadrien Delemazure, Manager for Pet Food and Fish Feed Processing, Clextral France explained that twin-screw extrusion has been extensively used to manufacture quality aqua pellets for the last 40 years. Recipes are getting more complex and diversified, fishmeal and fish oil are being replaced by alternative raw materials, which sources may vary according to international prices fluctuation and availability. Furthermore, in order to produce both optimal floating and sinking feed, precise control of the pellet expansion and density is necessary. Mr. Delemazure discussed the twin screw extrusion technology making the floating and sinking feed. Aquafeed production lines are today expected to offer more process flexibility, reliability and durability that can be achieved using twin-screw extrusion

technology. Currently we have choices to use single or twinscrew extruder to make aquafeed, and twin-screw extrusion provide more flexibility and choice to make different sizes of pellet and it allows to make floating or sinking feed as well. Twin-screw extrusion has been extensively used to manufacture quality aqua pellets for the last 40 years. While recipes are getting increasingly more complex and diversified, fish meal and fish oil are being replaced by cheaper alternative raw materials, which sources may vary according to international prices fluctuation. Furthermore, in order to produce both optimal floating and sinking feed, precise control of the pellet expansion and density is necessary. Aquafeed production lines are today expected to offer ever more process flexibility, reliability and durability that can be preferably achieved through twin-screw extrusion technology.

Aquafeed Production, Focusing on Precision

Dr. Michael Cheng, Global Business Development Manager, Pet and Aqua; Buhler, Switzerland disused Aqua feed extrusion; Focusing on precision. By explaining how the precision has move in extrusion technology from automated plant to digital assisted plants to self-adjusted plants to finally smart plants. These smart plants provide solutions to digital related services, and expert services. These plants are targeted to provide highest yield, optimize manpower, support operator, efficient energy uses, flatten consumption, optimise product flow, real time monitoring, enhanced quality, digital assistance for process tracing, higher capacity, optimal performance and reduce downtime. He explained how sensor technology can be used in granulation control loop for precision particle size distribution to make sure it is not too fine or too coarse. This can provide several benefits such as uniform granulation for downstream process, mixing, preconditioning, extrusion; real time data of production; narrowing start-up deviations with new products; adapting to raw material fluctuations; compensating wear of the hammers; compensating wear of screens and detection of broken screens. In extrusion precision can help in efficient eco control, flexible specific mechanic energy, operator friendly, bulk density control, quality control and preconditioner control. Precision control for moisture and thermal energy management in preconditioning. In extruder precision can help in product flow capacity which in result will be higher throughput, stable running, and consistent product quality. He also discussed real time bulk density control precision system, which can help control the density automatically by adjusting the SME and thermal /pressure adjustment in extruder barrel.

Intelligent Application in Aquafeed Processing

Garrick Yan - Famsun Group focused his talk on new

Catarina Martins Chief Technology and Sustainability Officer MOWI Chris Ninnes CEO AQUACULTURE STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL

Jennifer Bushman CMO KVAROY ARCTIC

Alami

technologies to improve efficiency. He discussed startup waste control technology, extruded with better uniformity, and kept improving OEE/YE with data utilisation. He explained how a feed mill can reduce their start up waste with new type of preconditioners with water & steam injected separately in each layer. Optimised paddle configuration: automatic check the steam quality and adjust the parameters; applying thermal model to improve the temperature increasing speed. He also discussed different ways to improve the pellet quality such as density control system (P-DCS). In this system, the Pressure system enables the use of high energy input levels to cook the starch. After the pellet leaves the die, the high-pressure environment elevates the boiling point, which prevents the water converting from liquid to vapor, hindering expansion. It does not require a special screw configuration to produce both floating and sinking feed. The pressure level can be adjusted to manipulate the density. He explained how to improve water stability by better starch gelatinisation. Higher Temperature and more retention time leads to higher SG. Higher screw speed result in more gelatinized starch. High melt moisture has a cooling effect, leading to a reduction in melt viscosity and an increase in the total mass flow rate that negatively impact SG. He discussed some tips for producing micro shrimp feed. Extruded micro pellets can replace traditional crumble feed, enabling feed manufacturers to produce more nutritious high value.

Aqua Feed Coating System

Caleb D. Townsend- APEC -USA gave an overview of different coating systems. He explained all different types of coating system which are available for the aqua feed industries, discussed pros and cons for each system and then elaborated automated spinning disk coating system. Some of the advantages of spinning disk system is we can apply single or multiple liquids through one inlet, and it is totally closed system – no airborne mist. Overspray falls into mixing conveyor for further blending. Utilizing high speed rotating liquid disks for atomization and no spray nozzles – With this we can apply slurries and powders. There is no low-end limitation on liquid addition. Spinning disk provides greater product exposed surface area – a 13” diameter dry disk has a 40-7/8” long curtain exposed to the liquid spray. A twin-screw mixing conveyor has gentle but active mixing –ribbon flighting with kick back paddles and it is 10 ft. conveyor = approx. 60 seconds of retention and mixing with C.V.’s of low teens to single digits. The goal is to coat the pellet uniformly and maintain the quality of coating. A typical coating system will have pumps and meter, control system and some types of scale to measure the flow of the material.

Soy Products for Aqua Feed in Thailand

Chuchai Kanjanamayoon from USSEC Thailand Technical Manager Aquaculture, explained nutritional value of soybean and its ingredients. He explained different methods to process soybeans and it different ingredients. He discussed advantages and disadvantages of soybean meals; soy concentrates and soy isolates. He elaborated on the new soy product which is getting lot of attention because of its better nutritional quality “fermented soybean. These are produced from SBM which

For more information about this event, use the QR code or visit: aqfeed.info/e/1697

is inoculated with fungi, bacteria, yeast or a combination of these microorganisms. Genera Aspergillus and Lactobacillus solid-state fermentation (SSF) or submerged fermentation. SBM is usually incubated at a moisture content of 45 to 50%. The wet substrate is inoculated with microorganisms and the fermentation process. Different microorganisms secrete different enzymes and in varying quantities. Improved nutritive value and reduced levels of antinutritional factors. FSBM has crude protein and amino acid contents about 5-10 percent higher than SBM. FSBM inactivation of the allergenic proteins glycinin and β-conglycinin and can potentially decrease the trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid, and saponin contents of SBM. He also explained the US soy Sustainability assurance protocol. A set of guidelines and standards developed by the United Soybean Board to promote sustainable soybean production in the United States. The principle behind the SSAP is to provide a framework for soybean farmers to adopt sustainable practices that protect the environment, promote social responsibility, and ensure economic viability.

Industry Events

Blue Food Innovation Summit

The Blue Food Innovation Summit will be held on May 23- 24, 2023, in London, England. Hosted by Rethink Events and taking place at the Hilton London Tower Bridge, the two-day summits key theme is, ‘Investing in Sustainable Aquaculture to Replenish Our Oceans’. With our food system increasingly under stress from conflict and climate change, the summit aims to put blue food, sustainable aquaculture, and restorative ocean practices at the heart of the global conversation.

With over 40+ countries participating, the event will have over 300 delegates and 90+ speakers in attendance. The summit brings together companies from around the globe to create solutions and share knowledge on approaches to aquatic food production, including sustainable aquafeed, seaweed, digitalisation, health and welfare.

There are a variety of topics and key themes planned for the two days, including ‘Ocean Data’, ‘Aquatic Health and Welfare’, and ‘Sustainable Aquafeed’. Covering a few of these topics are companies that International Aquafeed are close with, the speakers being Louise Buttle, Sustell Lead for Aqua & Global Key Account Manager for DSM, Nizar El Alami, CBO of Innovafeed, and Katherine Bryar, Global Marketing Director and Co-Founder of BioMar.

Starting at 9:00am both days with a packed schedule, you can view the full agenda on the Blue Food Summit website. There will be opportunities to network during the discussions with networking coffee breaks and lunch breaks. In addition to this, there will be roundtable discussions with delegates breaking off into small groups to discuss integral issues in the aquaculture industry. Each table will be hosted by an industry expert, and delegates can choose the topic most relevant to their business.

Along with this, early-stage innovators will showcase in 7-minute snapshots ground-breaking technologies and scalable solutions on stage and in the dedicated start-up exhibition. By showcasing disruptive technologies, and exploring case studies of innovation in action, the focus is on overcoming bottlenecks to growth and promoting greater partnership and collaboration to protect and restore the ocean ecosystem.

From producers, feed suppliers and health providers to retailers, investors and innovators, the summit provides stakeholders from across the value chain with a vital platform for knowledge exchange and networking through interactive panels, breakout discussions, and quality 1-1 meetings. You can schedule 1-1 meetings in the meeting hub with 20 minutes at a private table, reconnecting and meeting new and old people in the industry.

People attending that you can meet will be CEO’s & CTO’s of global producers, pioneers in feed, heads of retailers & food brands, technology and innovation leaders and many more. Some such companies would be Adisseo, Calysta, Cargill, and ADM.

International Aquafeed were kindly given a 10 percent discount code for tickets to the Blue Food Innovation Summit. When you go to buy a ticket, use the code AQUAFEED10 for the discount.

For more information on the event, please visit their website at www.bluefoodinnovation.com

Aquafuture Spain 2023

March 2023 saw aquaculture professionals worldwide, from fish farmers to technicians and engineers, gather in the Town of Silleda, near Santiago de Compostela on Spain’s Atlantic coast. The international fair of aquaculture - Aquafuture Spain - took place this year from March 28-30, and held more than thirty conferences and presentations. The occasion materialised at the International Feira Campus of Galicia Abanca, where International Aquafeed Magazine were able to report from. Spain is one of the main aquaculture producers in Europe, with a coastline spanning 5,755km long! The area of Santiago de Compostela was a great choice to host the event, located in the northwest region of Galicia, Spain – an area renowned for its developed aquaculture and fisheries. Galicia is Spain’s leading producer of farmed turbot, sea bream, and sole, providing more than 20 percent of the aquaculture products generated in Europe (FAO Report, 2020)!

We had the pleasure of visiting many stands over the three days, visiting many familiar faces, as well as some new. As we walked around, it was exciting to see the varied displays, we visited Calitri and their fish counters, VGE BV and their UV-C devices in the field water disinfection in aquaculture, as well as many other innovations in the fish farming sector. We were excited to see many companies, including Amarcarril turismo marinero inclusive, Sysadvance, Biomar, and Ace Aquatec, among many more.

International Aquafeed Magazine spoke to Juan Lijó, Director of Aquafuture Spain (above centre), on the third day of the event, to get his thoughts on the success this year. He tells us about how the north-west of Spain is the ideal area for such an event, with many good connections for international visitors, for which they’re grateful for the worldwide turnout. They aspire to expand in the future, the ultimate goal being to reach more and more countries. The attendees came from all over, and Juan estimates that around 70 percent were fish farmers, who had an abundance of companies to visit and work with during the fair.

Darren Parris and Tuti Tan from the International Aquafeed team report on Aquafuture Spain

Jacob Bartilson, Sales Engineer for Np g

“As for the fair, we are very happy with the final result, the satisfaction of the exhibitors has been higher than the previous edition, and that confirms that we are on the right track” Juan tells International Aquafeed magazine.

“The next edition will be in 2025 and we are very excited, as we hope to make important changes that will help boost the event and internationalize it even more, both in terms of visitors and exhibitors. We hope to be able to announce these changes and improvements soon and we start working now on the 3rd Edition of Aquafuture Spain.”

The event gave way to many presentations and technical conferences, a great place for participants to share their knowledge and experience and talk about the latest technological innovations and market strategies. These themes were discussed in an economic, social, and environmental context, always considering sustainability in the sector.

The Space for these conferences, presentations, and demonstrations, was co-ordinated by the Acuiplus Cluster, a group that promote competitiveness and sustainability of the providers’ value chain. In the Carmen Sarasquete Conference Room, attendees could watch interesting conferences in a round table format, with several moderators and speakers. The Abanca presentation room held 25 presentations from a range of exhibiting companies, and the Show Cooking room provided a fun opportunity to experience eight culinary demonstrations of aquaculture products!

The occasion provided great opportunities to network and share knowledge for all who attended and was a resounding success. Whether you attended the many insightful conferences and presentations, witnessed culinary demonstrations in action, or visited the many exhibitors to network and see innovations first-hand, the event was truly a worthwhile endeavour.

Mikel Arizmendiarrieta Moro, Technical Sales for Euskan

David Calitri with Ingrid Loiseaux, Calitri

Juan Alberto Soler, Santiago Olivera, Bulent Kukurtcu and Santiago Rodriguez

Inma Otero, Rita Vidal, Pupe Jueguen and Maria Porto from Amarcarril

Alcindo Lopes, R&D Manager for Euronete with a colleague

Darren and Tuti in a meeting with the team at Faivre

The BioMar team - Miguel Sotelo, Juan Zamora, Antonio Villanueva, Adrien Cesari, Joana Amaral

Luca Desa for Veolia

Iwas most privileged to attend the VIV Asia 2023 ‘Feed to Feed Global Trade Show held at the prestigious Impact Exhibition Centre in Bangkok in March. This was VIV’s 30th year and much to celebrate and the venue also was in co-location with Meat Pro Asia.

Before the VIV exhibition between the 8 to 10th March, we held our separate

but linked Aquatic Asia symposium on Tuesday March 7th in the splendid Jupiter 4 auditorium room. I was invited again this year to present the keynote lecture and also to moderate the session. We had 100 persons register in total and we had a very packed room with excellent IT facilities for our use. Roger Gilbert, CEO of Perendale Publishing set the agenda and gave an overview of the content and the invited speakers. I followed with my discussion of the circular bioeconomy

7th March 2023

IMPACT, Bangkok

relating to aquafeeds and then a focus on recent work conducted in association with POET Nutrition group in the USA on bioethanol derived corn fermented protein in trials for fish and shrimp. I mentioned my association with POET and detailed scientific data from trials on see bass, tilapia and shrimp conducted in the US. Their patented product NexProTM was featured showing its potential to reduce our fishmeal and soybean dependency in diet formulations.

I then proceeded to moderate the all-day session and introduce each speaker and also hosted questions.

Dr Loc Tran from Vietnam spoke on disease management in shrimp from his extensive aquatic veterinary experience. He has expert knowledge on shrimp diseases such as EMS and in his talk gave evidence of how superior husbandry and water quality practices could produce effective solutions and mitigate chemotherapeutic uses of agents.

My colleague and friend Dr Romi Noriardi continued with a presentation on novel fermented corn protein (NexPro) for shrimp with a focus on post disease challenge benefits from dietary inclusion levels. He gave strong evidence regarding the functional properties of fermented grain protein with the view that yeast residual structures could illicit immunemodulatory effects in shrimp and thus enhancing their disease resistance and recovery from both infected outdoor rearing ponds and in separate tank experiments.

Martin Guerin of Adisseo reviewed how digestion could be enhanced with novel products in the diet. He highlighted the importance of the gastrointestinal system in fish and its diversity in form and function. He explained how vital it is to provide a stable environment for enzyme function and how different acidifiers and related products could support gut function and deliver improved nutrient assimilation.

My friend Dr Daniel Choi from Pathway Intermediates in S Korea discussed their company’s main flagship product Lipidol, a bespoke Lysophospholipid as a functional feed additive for aquatic farmed species with case studies. Their results of trials were quite impressive with respect to production parameters such as nutrient assimilation efficiency I was fortunate to have been invited previously to Vietnam where Daniel is primarily based to meet directly with their clients in 2019 with an extensive tour of the Mekong River Delta basin and

observe the scale of aquaculture in this country.

Dr May Myat Noe Llwin of Denmark’s Aller Aqua and Sales Director in Yangon spoke of moving forward to a more sustainable industry. A very comprehensive and informative talk was that of Fanny Giudicelli of Marine AKWA highlighting marine probiotics in aquafeeds and Dr Pitchaya Chainark looked at farming the fish microbiome. The company Flylab in Thailand was the source of a very interesting and topical

presentation by Dr Adtasit Kaewnauner their sales director. He spoke on their Black Soldier fly larval meal product produced locally in Thailand using bespoke substrates for bioconversion. I was able to introduce talks on shrimp robustness by Ciow Yen Liew of DSM who gave a wonderful, detailed assessment of their approach to promoting shrimp health using their excellent knowledge base and array of specialised product range through comprehensive research investment and development. Our longstanding good friends from Dr Eckel in Germany was represented by Dr Muhammad Umar who gave an overview of enhancing resilience in aquaculture. He spoke about various case studies and how Dr Eckel is using key bioactive and functional products to provide increased stress and disease resistance throughout the aquaculture sector resulting in economic gains through superior production traits and improved health in fish and shrimp species.

I was delighted to hear Dr Channarong Rodkum address the topic of employing non-antibiotic strategies to combat bacterial diseases in fish with efforts to curb AMR (Anti-Microbial Resistance) that is now becoming of global concerns in the animal and aquaculture production sector with importance also to human health. One of our guest speakers represented the Eastern European nation of Slovenia and Dr Rahul Gaddipatti of Tanin Sevnica enlightened us with their company’s bespoke tannin extracts that can play an important role as feed additives for various physiological and biochemical functions including supporting gut health and immunity. Since Aquaculture is now a rapidly growing global food producing sector, Dr Ram C Bhjel of Thailand’s famous Asian Institute of Technology gave a deep perspective of the different species being farmed and the plethora of systems around the world. This was an optimistic outlook and served to remind us of the scale of production.

One of the final speakers explained how training and education is pivotal to the development of key players in our aquafeed sector. This was superbly done by Suttiat Boonchuen of the company Progressus who have organised many seminars and curriculums concerning feed science and technology as well as aspects of fish and shrimp nutrition in Thailand and using IT

platforms internationally. We are working closely with Progressus in terms of educational and training provision and especially in the feed formulation and feed production areas.

Our conference had periodic questions and answers breakouts as well as the opportunity to chat over coffee/tea and with a variety of delicious savoury and sweet snacks. The venue enabled much bonding and exchange of ideas with a view towards finding more synergy and openness of research and sharing our findings to wider audiences. Aquatic Asia 2023 provided a robust framework for future meetings both again in Asia and also other regions where aquaculture is active and expanding. The discourse between academia, industry and commerce is invaluable. We received wide sponsorship for our Aquatic Asia 2023 meeting from well-known companies including Adisseo, Marine AKWA, Pathway Intermediates, Tanin Sevnica, Dr Eckel, DSM, Van Aaarsen, Progressus and also NexPro TM, POET Nutrition Group, USA, Van Aarsen and VIV Worldwide. This was evident from the quality of all the speakers and their content.

The week went by perhaps too quickly, but it was a fascinating insight to the rapidly changing aquafeed domain with so many key players bringing their knowledge and experience to one place. On my way back to the UK on my Qatar flight, I had some time to reflect on this excellent meeting with a very positive feeling about the ways forward for such a dynamic, progressive, and ever-changing industry.

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Follow

Aquafeed trends in Latin America

On October 3 – 5, 2023, Victam LatAm is launched in co-location with Grapas and GEAPS in São Paulo, Brazil. This complete and unique show in Latin America forms a very attractive market place for players that are active in the aquafeed sector. Each month we have a different theme and this Victam Insights edition is focusing on aquafeed trends in Latin America.

The market is broadly categorised by type into Fish feed (Carp Feed, Salmon Feed, Tilapia Feed, Catfish Feed, and Other Feed Types), Molluscs Feed, Crustaceans Feed (Shrimp Feed, Other Crustacean Feed) and Other Aqua Feed. More detailed: aquafeed is fish feed products made from vegetarian and non-vegetarian sources including soy, wheat, pea, corn, rapeseed protein, and fish oils and is commonly available in the form of pellets. They support easy ingredient dispersion and assist in the healthy growth of fish and crustacean species. The juvenile stage of aquatic animals requires a diet having maximum protein content for optimum growth. Aquaculture in general is highly influenced by the environment or temperature making it hard to anticipate how much raw materials are needed. There is a continuous high pressure on fish oil and fishmeal which leads us to low-marine-ingredient fish diets that are proven to be effective too. Salmon, for instance, can be produced with nutrients coming from ingredients other than fishmeal and fish oil, without altering final product quality.

In the region, there are basically three major countries that are standing out. Chile, the largest aquafeed producer in the region, has developed a highly advanced salmon industry, both in feed technology and nutrition. It is followed by Brazil, then Ecuador, which is a leading shrimp exporter.

South

American aquaculture market outlook:

• The South American Aquafeed market is projected to register a CAGR of 5.2 percent during the forecast period 2020-2025.

• Brazil and Chile together with 1.9 million tons of fish production are the major producers which in turn is expected to lead the South American aquaculture feed.

• Ecuador had a 17 percent increase in feed tonnage in 2022, which makes it a record year for shrimp feed production.

• The Latin American aquaculture production mainly relies on small farms.

• Brazil only has more than 200 thousand freshwater fish farms, about 3000 marine shrimp farms, and about 100 aquaculture research institutions.

• The activity is diversified in the region, but the bulk production is concentrated in Nile tilapia, Tambaqui and Penaeid shrimp.

• There is a huge domestic market for edible fish and shellfish, ornamentals, bait-fish and juveniles for biomitigation.

• Aquaculture can grow using previously impacted areas, rice paddies and including benthonic species in monoculture fish ponds.

The challenge within the industry remains to develop sustainable production systems to support a perennial industry. New technologies and sustainable alternatives that can increase overall productivity and support the shift to a circular (bio)economy. The Victam latAm 2023 event will include conferences, seminars and round table sessions in parallel to the event that are organised together with key partners (such as RTRS and the University of Wageningen) including topics such as sustainability and production enhancement where you can become a key speaker on the topic yourself or simply just be there to show your latest innovations, technologies and green incentives!

Interview with IDAH

For this edition, Victam has interviewed IDAH, the total solution provider for food, feed, and biofuel production (very known for the shrimp feed machine solution provider). The company provides one-stop service which includes: R&D Prototyping, Education, Consultancy, Turnkey solution, Single Machine, and Spare Parts.

In recent years what are the most critical technological developments that you have witnessed in the Aquafeed sector?

Aquafeed is growing a steady number. FAO forecast showed that the global aquafeed fisheries and aquafeed production in 2022 reached around 180 Mt and projected to grow at 1.2 percent p.a. during the outlook period, reaching 203 Mt by 2031. The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences of the Russia-Ukraine conflict have increased the challenges in the Aquafeed industry. Industry practitioners are developing new technologies to counter these problems:

The introduction of novel raw material

In recent years, many scientists focused their research on the plant-based fermentation products, insect-based protein, and algal sources material.

IDAH as a machine manufacturer is keeping up with this trend. Our pellet mill incorporates the preconditioning and post-conditioning system to ensure sufficient feed mash cooking up to 50 percent (tested by Iodine colorimetry). The cooking is needed to ensure high PDI (>95) and water stability (> 1 hour standard)

Energy-efficient machines and production system

Natural gas and petroleum producers scaled-down operations and increased demand for energy directly affect the energy price increases. Aquafeed producers are also directly affected by this energy price increase. In aquafeed production, the biggest energy consumption is the dryer. Moisture is added to the feed mash during processing to achieve product storage stability, so feed drying is a necessity. IDAH drying system featured:

A. The total moisture controls

IDAH carousel dryer is designed to dry with moisture variance of +/- 0.5 percent. With the significant increase of feed, a 0.5 percent difference can go a long way in affecting your profit.

B. Air exhaust recirculation – for energy saving 15-30 percent and lower dust/odor exhaust by 30-50 percent

In aquafeed industry, the air exhaust coming out from the dryer temperature is around 60C to 90C. The recirculation of this hot air can be used as make up air, to lower the additional energy input to heat up drying air.

2: What is your vision on the evolving aquafeed industry? How do you cope with the emerging trends in aquafeed?

IDAH's vision is to provide cost, energy, and timeeffective aquafeed solutions. Some of our newest development:

1. Small feed 0.8 mm to 1.0 mm will fully replace crumbled feed.

In shrimp feed, crumble feed is essential for the early growth of shrimp larvae. Production of crumble feed

is inefficient because it will produce around 30-40 percent of dust that need to be recycled.

We introduced the 0.8 mm pellet die holes to the market in 2021. When producing the same amount of crumble product, this pellet die size will decrease material usage by 30-40 percent and eliminate the need for the dust recycling process.

2. No more over-drying your feed.

IDAH introduced the Carousel dryer to the market in 2011. The dryer is now applied in drying of fish feed and shrimp feed. The working mechanism of this dryer can guarantee that your feed is dried to the exact target moisture, not over-dried. Over-dying feed not only caused energy waste, but over-dried feed may also easily break, forming dust.

Can you tell us a little bit more about your latest innovations or technologies?

These last two years, we introduced two new products to the market:

1. Super extruders die

In the past, no one put the attention to the quality of the extruder die that they are using, and we saw this problem. We introduced the super extruder die in 2022. The precise manufacturing and heat treatment increases the holes inner surface hardness, thus, help with material output and longer use life.

2. The third-generation pellet mill system for shrimp feed

In the past, no one cared about the moisture of shrimp feed, but with the increase of raw material price, many producers started to notice the effect of the moisture content in feed. IDAH consider all the requirements and experience in the field and have developed a generation 3 (G3) pelleting system that incorporates the carousel dryer and cooler combination (TK-series). We sold this system to China and India back in 2022. The two benefits of this G3 system are:

A. Total moisture control: easy and fast. The TK-series can produce feed with ±0.5 percent moisture variance in both the dryer and cooler. This machine combination solved the high moisture variance problem that usually occurs when applying the conventional box cooler. TK-series machine lessens the point to control the production flow.

B. Saving drying energy.

In a carousel dryer, the counter-flow drying airflow will support efficient heat transfer and give a low exhaust air temperature. The system utilizes the air exhaust from the cooler as makeup air for the dryer. The dust-free makeup air discharged from the cyclone (or jet filter) still contains some amount of heat and can lower energy use (25-40 percent) and reduce the amount of air emission (30-50 percent) and decrease odor problems.

aquafeed.co.uk/web/companies

Welcome to the market place, where you will find suppliers of products and services to the industry - with help from our friends at The International Aquafeed Directory (published by Turret Group)

Aerators

Faivre + 33 3idah 81 84 01 32

www.faivre.fr

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1603

Air products

Kaeser Kompressoren

+49 9561 6400

www.kaeser.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1035

Additives

DSM

+43 2782 8030

www.dsm.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1605

Jefo

+1 450 799 2000

https://jefo.ca

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1607

Liptosa

+34 902 157711

www.liptosa.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1608

SAS Laboratories Phode

+33 5 63 77 80 60

www.phode.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1644

Analysis

Romer Labs

+43 2272 6153310

www.romerlabs.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1610

Bulk storage

TSC Silos +31 543 473979

www.tsc-silos.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1612

Conveyors

Computer software

Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66

www.inteqnion.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1277

Coolers & driers

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11

www.buhlergroup.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1614

FAMSUN

+86 514 85828888

www.famsungroup.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1034

IDAH

+866 39 902701

www.idah.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1615

Wenger Manufacturing

+1 785-284-2133

www.wenger.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1616

Drum filters

Faivre

33 3 81 84 01 32 www.faivre.fr

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1603

Faivre is a French company, and one of the world leaders in the conception, manufacture and production of aquaculture machines.

Since 1958, thanks to their knowledge of the market and strong experience in aquaculture, Faivre has developed high quality products to satisfy all of your needs, from one product to the full installation. Strength, effectiveness and simplicity are the qualities of their production.

aqfeed.info/e/1603

Elevator buckets

Elevator & conveyor components

4B Braime +44 113 246 1800

www.go4b.com

aqfeed.info/e/1655

Enzymes

DSM +43 2782 8030

www.dsm.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1605

Equipment for sale

ExtruTech Inc

+1 785 284 2153

www.extru-techinc.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1618

Extruders

Almex

+31 575 572666

www.almex.nl

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1279

Buhler AG

+41 71 955 11 11

www.buhlergroup.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1614

IDAH +866 39 902701

www.idah.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1615

Ottevanger +31 79 593 22 21

www.ottevanger.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1621

Wenger Manufacturing

+1 785-284-2133

www.wenger.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1616

Zheng Chang

+86 2164184200

www.zhengchang.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1623

Feed and ingredients

Adisseo

+33 1 46 747104

www.adisseo.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1624

Aller Aqua

+45 70 22 19 10

www.aller-aqua.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/961

Alltech

+44 1780 764512

www.alltechcoppens.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1625

Anpario

+44 1909 537 380

www.anpario.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1626

Biorigin

www.biorigin.net

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1627

GePro

+49 54415 925252

www.ge-pro.de

aqfeed.info/e/1656

Grand Fish Feed

+202 20 650018

www.grand-aqua.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1628

Jefo

+1 450 799 2000

https://jefo.ca

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1607

Liptosa +34 902 15 77 11

www.liptoaqua.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1608

Phileo (Lesaffre animal care)

+33 3 20 81 61 00

www.lesaffre.fr

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1629

Feed Mill

TekPro

+44 1692 403403

www.tekpro.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1631

Tietjen +49 4106 63 33 0

www.tietjen-original.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444

www.aarsen.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1632

Fish counters

Faivre + 33 3 81 84 01 32

www.faivre.fr

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1603

Fish Graders

Faivre

Fish

Grinders

Hammermills

IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1615

Palatability enhancers

Symrise https://aquafeed.symrise.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1739

Pellet mill

IDAH

+866 39 902701

www.idah.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1615

PTN

+31 73 54 984 72

www.ptn.nl

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1636

Plants

Buhler AG

+41 71 955 11 11

www.buhlergroup.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1614

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555

www.dinnissen.nl

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1633

FAMSUN

+86 514 87848880

www.muyang.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1034

Ottevanger +31 79 593 22 21

www.ottevanger.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1621

Zheng Chang

+86 2164184200

www.zhengchang.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1623

Pulverisers

IDAH

+866 39 902701

www.idah.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1615

Moisture analysers Hydronix

Packaging

aqfeed.info/e/1633

FAWEMA / The Packaging Group

aqfeed.info/e/1635

Paddle Mixer Anderson www.andersonfeedtech.com aqfeed.info/e/1658

To include your company in the International Aquafeed market place in print, and a company page on our website contact Tuti Tan +44 1242 267700 • tutit@perendale.co.uk

To visit the online market place visit: www.aqfeed.info/e/1130

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•

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Probiotics

DSM +43 2782 8030

www.dsm.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1605

Royal DSM is a global, purpose-led company in Health, Nutrition & Bioscience, applying science to improve the health of people, animals and the planet. DSM’s purpose is to create brighter lives for all. DSM’s products and solutions address some of the world’s biggest challenges while simultaneously creating economic, environmental and societal value for all its stakeholders - customers, employees, shareholders, and society at large. DSM and its associated companies employ approximately 23,000 people around the world and deliver annual net sales of about €10 billion.

DSM use their bright science to deliver positive transformations at scale for as many people as possible today and for generations to come, operating within the constraints of the world’s finite resources. DSM aim to redefine how they live and work in order to create a fairer, more prosperous and more sustainable society.

In Animal Nutrition and Health

The DSM Animal Nutrition and Health business group offers customers a true end-to-end portfolio of products, solutions and services for sustainable and profitable animal farming. The company’s three dedicated business lines cover Precision Services, Performance Solutions + Biomin® and Essential Products.

Precision Services

Greater precision in animal farming is key to a more sustainable and profitable future. Their Precision Services use the latest data analytics and diagnostics to improve animal health, lifetime performance, resource use and environmental footprint — while mitigating risks and unlocking more value. Improving the sustainability and profitability of animal farming is secured with aqfeed.info/e/1605

Phytogenics

Delacon +43 732 640 531 414 www.delacon.com PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1637

RAS Equipment

Fish Farm Feeder +34 886 317 600

www.fishfarmfeeder.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1638

FishFarmFeeder is a company founded in 2008 that manufactures feeding systems for aquaculture with a complete catalog of feeders that cover all stages of the fish's life: hatchery, pre-grower and grow-out, both on land and at sea.

FishFarmFeeder’s mission is to:

• Offer globally specialized solutions only in the field of feed automation for aquaculture. Contribute to a sustainable aquaculture helping to optimize production and improving fish welfare.

• Respond to the needs of automation in the feeding of all stages of the fish's life.

• Develope a profitable, reliable, accurate and safe technology.

Facilitate integration with other existing technologies in aquaculture such as sensors, software aqfeed.info/e/1603

RAS system

Silos FAMSUN

+86 514 85828888

www.famsungroup.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1034

TSC Silos +31 543 473979

www.tsc-silos.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1612

Vacuum

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555

www.dinnissen.nl

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1633

Weighing equipment

Ottevanger +31 79 593 22 21

www.ottevanger.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1621

Yeast products

Leiber GmbH +49 5461 93030

www.leibergmbh.de

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1640

Phileo (Lesaffre animal care) +33 3 20 81 61 00

www.lesaffre.fr

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1629

Aqua Ultraviolet +1 952 296 3480

www.aquauv.com

PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1639

For more information about our market place - please view or download our 2023 media kit

https://aqfeed.info/e/1529

José Antonio Camposano, Executive President, National Chamber of Aquaculture, Ecuador

For 11 years he has directed the institution that groups and represents the Ecuadorian shrimp sector. In addition, he holds the Presidency of the Board of Directors of the Export and Investment Promotion Corporation CORPEI and is a member of the Board of Directors of the Ecuadorian Federation of Exporters, FEDEXPOR. He leads the Sustainable Shrimp Partnership - SSP, an initiative presented by Ecuadorian companies that invites shrimp producers to compete in the international market with a firstclass product that meets the highest social and environmental standards.

In 2021 he was elected President of the Corporation of Exporting Guilds of Ecuador - CORDEX, a corporation whose objective is to manage constant monitoring of the problems that affect various export chains.

In 2015, he was among the 40 young leaders in his industry under 40 years of age in the top “40 under 40”.

Why does Ecuadorian shrimp continue to conquer new markets worldwide?

Ecuadorian shrimp is exported to more than 60 countries in the world and is recognised as "The Best Shrimp in the World" for its size, flavor and texture, complying with the highest and most demanding international standards in terms of quality and safety.

For its part, the shrimp industry is constantly learning and innovating. One of the key aspects has been product diversification: Ecuadorian export establishments have adapted their processes to expand their exportable shrimp supply and satisfy the world consumer, either by exporting whole shrimp, preferred in China, or with added value: tails, peeled and deveined, as preferred in the European market. Shrimp processing plants are expanding their production lines and in Ecuador there is a processing plant dedicated exclusively to the production of shrimp with added value, it has a processing capacity of 22 tons of shrimp per day, 680 per month and more than 8 thousand tonnes per year.

What international markets are you targeting or expecting to have greater growth in 2023?

The United States is a market for which we are working very hard through new investments and hiring personnel to expand the value-added offer. Despite this, we maintain the challenge of continuing to serve our main destination, which is China, and not neglecting the position we have gained in Europe after several decades of being the main supplier of shrimp with a quality far superior to that of our competition. Finally, we expect that the sanitary conditions required by South Korea will be reviewed in order to regain the space we have lost in that market. We are working with the Ecuadorian health authority, the Secretariat of Quality and Safety to achieve this goal.

What are the main challenges they face?

Producing Ecuadorian shrimp is more expensive compared to the costs of 2021. After the elimination of the differential price of diesel for the shrimp sector, which made the item more expensive by 16 cents per pound at the end of last year, affecting 82 percent of its surface. The high cost of investment in security that adds up to more than $80 million annually for the implementation of video surveillance, tracking and communication systems, in addition to the

payment of private guards in rotating shifts and the losses due to robberies that they suffer daily.

Added to this are exogenous factors: low international shrimp prices, the increase in raw materials such as wheat, soybean meal, fishmeal and fish oil, which are used to prepare balanced feed for the shrimp; In addition to the increase in maritime freight prices, the lack of space in cargo ships and the increase in input costs and various items of shipping services, among other difficulties that seriously affect their competitiveness.

The shrimp sector is also characterised by its social responsibility. What programs are you running?

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main problems for humanity according to the World Health Organization. In this sense, the United Nations Food Organisation FAO, through ReAct - an international network whose objective is to advocate and stimulate global commitment, chose the sustainable shrimp initiative in Ecuador "Sustainable Shrimp Partnership" to show how Producers that are part of this initiative are committed to providing products of the highest quality, but also safe for their consumers. The selection by the global network was registered because SSP has been able to demonstrate that its members have a policy of zero antibiotic use in shrimp farming and undergo constant verifications in each production cycle, in addition to being regularly audited and rigorously, to demonstrate compliance.

The delegation got to know the shrimp production system in Ecuador up close and was able to demonstrate the conditions in which our shrimp are cultivated, in natural ecosystems, as close to their natural habitat.

On the other hand, The World Wildlife Foundation WWF of the United States and CNA signed an agreement to mitigate deforestation and promote the conversion of natural ecosystems.

Ecuador is home to the largest mangrove forest in the eastern hemisphere. The new agreement between WWFEcuador and CNA will use geospatial data generated by Clark Labs to analyse and classify land cover in coastal regions, where shrimp farming is most common. Using this research and evidence-based data, CNA will be able to establish a baseline and repeat this analysis periodically to reduce and ultimately end all ecosystem conversion.

THE INDUSTRY FACES

Benchmark Genetics strengthens technical leadership team

The new changes reflect a strategic succession, together with a renewed focus on developing marketleading and genetically improved strains and expansion of global genetic services.

Dr Morten Rye will take on a new senior role as Director, External Services and Global Strategies, expanding Benchmark Genetics’ provision of genetics services to the global aquaculture sector. This will include providing genomic tools and analysis, making Benchmark Genetics a one-stop shop for genetic services.

Dr Ross Houston will lead the technical genetics team, succeeding Dr Morten Rye as Director, Genetics and Innovation. As part of the role, Dr Houston will take primary responsibility for the internal breeding programs and product development while also retaining his leadership of R&D for the company.

Under this new leadership, the genetics team has been re-organised. It has new leadership positions for each of Benchmark´s five internal breeding programs within Atlantic salmon, Shrimp and tilapia and for the key technical support and R&D teams. This includes molecular genetics, reproductive technologies, and trait development.

BioFishency appoints Ohad Maiman as Chairman of the Board

BioFishency, a leading provider of disruptive electro-chemical and biological water treatment solutions for Recirculated Aquaculture Systems (RAS), has announced that it has named internationallyacclaimed RAS expert, and venture capital frontrunner, Ohad Maiman as its new Chairman of the Board. Mr Maiman, Founder and former CEO of the prominent, publicly-traded The Kingfish Company (KING.OL), and Founder and Managing Partner of AquaFounders Capital, brings a broad set of technological and business management expertise in the land-based aquaculture sector. In his new role, Mr Maiman will leverage his unique experience, enabling BioFishency to reinforce its position as one of the world’s leading disruptive RAS water treatment solutions providers.

Mr Maiman is currently the Founder and Managing Partner of AquaFounders Capital, an investment company focused on securing a strategic position in the land-based aquaculture sector across the value chain. Prior, Mr Maiman was Founder and CEO (2015-2022) at The Kingfish Company, where he led the company to becoming one of the world’s flagship RAS producers with the development of landbased RAS Yellowtail Kingfish in the Netherlands, and the USA.

Garware strengthens its international teams in Norway, Chile and Spain

As part of its commercial strategy of international strengthening, given its powerful participation in world markets as a provider of nets for the global aquaculture industry, along with other premium quality products for industries as diverse as: sports, mining, defence, transportation, construction, geotextiles, fishing and agriculture, Garware Technical Fibres recently hired three executives to support the management of the Norwegian, Chilean and Southern European markets.

Olav Kolbjørn Øvereng, a former Mowi collaborator, joins the Garware Technical Fibers team in Norway as a technical advisor.

Mr Øvereng also has international experience as regional director of Andromeda (Avramar) in Spain, has also worked on the supplier side at Meox and is used to finding solutions for customers.

For his part, in Chile, after 28 years in the international company, Ramkhrisna Borse came to strengthen the Chilean team in the technical area; He has extensive professional experience in the areas of net manufacturing and processing, export marketing, new product development, and net workshops. And Eduardo Wolff, meanwhile, also joins the Garware team as a sales consultant and will take care of the business in all segments for southern Europe: France, Spain, Germany, Greece, Italy.

Aino Olaisen named co-chair of Global Salmon Initiative’s CEO board

The Global Salmon Initiative (GSI) is pleased to welcome Aino Olaisen, chair of the Board of Directors of Nova Sea AS, as the new co-chair of GSI, joining fellow co-chair Sady Delgado, CEO of AquaChile. Ms Olaisen succeeds Regin Jacobsen, CEO of Bakkafrost, following his two-year tenure.

Ms Olaisen is the first woman to take on the position of GSI co-chair, working alongside CEO, Sophie Ryan.

“Aino brings a wealth of experience and valuable perspective to GSI and couples smart business thinking with a strong commitment to sustainability, local communities and youth development,” says Ms Ryan. “She has long been a leader in the Norwegian salmon farming industry who understands that business success depends on pairing best farming practices with effective policies grounded in transparency and continued innovation. We aim to harness Aino’s holistic and pragmatic outlook to motivate industry advancements on a global scale through the work of GSI and its member companies.”

Since 1958, Faivre has developed and manufactured high quality equipment for the aquaculture industry.

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