MAY 2022 - International Petfood magazine

May 2022

Equine nutrition - A brief guide to the multifaceted dietary needs of the horse - Safe horse feed storage - The ‘humanisation’ of petfood - The benefits of using insects in petfood - Petfood production plant: Sustaining life’s simple pleasures on an industrial scale www.internationalpetfood.com www.perendale.com

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Perendale Publishers Ltd 7 St George’s Terrace St James’ Square, Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 1242 267700 Publisher Roger Gilbert rogerg@perendale.co.uk Managing Editor Peter Parker peterp@perendale.co.uk Technical Editor Joe Kearns joek@perendale.com

May 2022

Nutrition Editor Prof Simon Davies simond@perendale.com Editorial team Andrew Wilkinson andreww@perendale.co.uk Caitlin Gittins caitling@perendale.co.uk Levana Hall levanah@perendale.co.uk International Marketing Team Darren Parris Tel: +44 7854 436407 darrenp@perendale.co.uk Latin America Marketing Team Clarissa Garza de Yta Tel: +52 669 120 0140 clarissag@perendale.com Cristina María Roldán Otero Tel: +44 1242 267700 cristinaot@perendale.co.uk Turkey, Eurasia and Middle East Marketing Team Mehmet Ugur Gürkaynak Tel: +90 537 3646457 mehmetg@perendale.com Egyptian Marketing Team Mohamed Baromh Tel: +20 100 358 3839 mohamedb@perendale.com India Marketing Team Dr T.D. Babu +91 9884114721 tdbabu@aquafeed.org Asia Marketing Team Dante Feng Tel: +886 0227930286 dantef@perendale.com Nigeria Marketing Team Nathan Nwosu Tel: +234 8132 478092 nathann@perendale.com

REGULAR ITEMS 8

Industry News 30 Training

31 Troubleshooting

32 Production focus 34 Industry Events

37 The Market Place 38

Industry Profile 40 The Interview

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Industry Faces

Design Manager James Taylor jamest@perendale.co.uk Design Assistant Cristina María Roldán Otero cristinaot@perendale.co.uk Circulation & Events Manager Tuti Tan Tel: +44 1242 267706 tutit@perendale.co.uk

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Development Manager Antoine Tanguy antoinet@perendale.co.uk International Petfood - Volume 5 ©Copyright 2022 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com ISSN 2754-4680

www.internationalpetfood.com

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6 Roger Gilbert Joseph P Kearns

8 Professor Simon Davies

FEATURES 10 Equine nutrition: A brief guide to the multi-faceted dietary needs of the horse 14 Safe horse feed storage

16 Hydrolysed yeast 18 The ‘humanisation’ of petfood 20 The benefits of using insects in petfood 24 We need to change the way we feed our pets 28 Petfood production plant: Sustaining life’s simple pleasures on an industrial scale

THE PUBLISHER One process that binds our industry across After two years of reduced international travel borders is the use of extrusion processing, which and restrictions surrounding event attendance is a key piece of machinery in many modern resulted in events being cancelled or postponed, petfood plants. These machines are produced by Petfood events have relaunched themselves after a wide range of companies from many countries an enforced hiatus due to Covid-19. including those in Latin America, North America, However, over the past few months have seen Europe, Asia and China. a resurgence and we report on some of the key Roger Gilbert And the decision taken these past weeks petfood events taking place in this issue and point Publisher – International Petfood

by Morel of Iceland to acquired Wenger out important up-coming ones as well.

Manufacturing of the USA, demonstrates the But petfood events are not the only place where international nature of petfood processing and petfood marketing. we can connect with readers or with those companies servicing You can read our news report on this acquisition in this edition the petfood industry. and ponder what implication this might ultimately hold for the Many of the companies and visitors attending other exhibitions in the animal feed space are just as interested in, if not involved directly future of petfood production on a global scale.

Talking of the future we have a range of stories that take the in, the production of petfoods - they most definitely include groups producer of petfood beyond the here-and-now and into the future with either production equipment or petfood production facilities. with features on the value of enzymes, hydrolysed yeast, insect It has to be said that feeding animals - whether they are dairy protein sources and more. cows, chickens, fish or pets – rely on similar feed formulation This issue has a focus on equine nutrition and the nutritional systems, access to similar raw materials and the use of similar needs of horses kept as pet animals, whilst we will also be production processes, regardless of species. looking at an in-depth report on the future trends in the US In fact, what is really interesting and a point that we often petfood industry, which will highlight how humanisation, overlook from a feed or food production point-of-view, is that sustainability and planned investments is being viewed by over food that is good for an animal in one country, is often just as 300 petfood manufacturing companies in this leading country good for that same animal species in another. when it comes to pet ownership.

Of course, climatic and environmental conditions do bring We hope that you enjoy this edition and when you do, don’t their own constraints on nutritional requirements. However, we forget to sign up for a month digital or print edition specially in the petfood production sector are largely meeting a general, delivered to your smart phone or street address. international demand for our processed petfood.

Our last edition Did you miss our April 2022 edition? If so, then don’t panic, as you can still read all of the great quality content that we published last month on our App - either by downloading it from Apple Store or Google Play of from; https://magstand.com/petfood – with the latter option providing the option to see all back editions on your desktop computer. https://store.magstand.com/petfood What you might have previously missed:

Petfood technology in action – A report from an ‘open house’ held at Wenger Petfood Technology

Our April edition sees a report by Joe Kearns, the editor of International Petfood magazine and long-time Wenger Manufacturing associate, who attended an open house at the company’s newly renovated Technical Center in Sabetha, Kansas, USA. The event, titled ‘Production of Petfoods of the Future Now’, centred on demonstrations and discussions on an advanced version of the Thermal Twin Screw Extruder.

Participants were allowed to spend the day discussing and observing the production of petfoods with this advanced technology.

To read more, go to: https://mymag.info/e/1445

Petfood production troubleshooting Part 4 – Dryers

Part 4 of the ongoing petfood production troubleshooting series sees Joe Kearns tackle the subject of dryers.

According to Mr Kearns, the dryer is without a doubt one of the machines in the system which greatly impacts the bottom line.

How? Water is the reason, as products are sold with a max water percentage on the labels, so it is the lowest cost ingredient and one that should be watched closely.

Mr Kearns also explains how there are many different dryer styles with

vertical and horizontal being the predominate designs, adding that in either case, the benchmark today is to have a variation in moisture out of the dryer at about 0.5 percent.

To read more, go to: https://mymag.info/e/1444

Industry Profile – PLP Systems, Italy

For this month’s Industry Profile, we shine the spotlight on Italian dosing experts PLP Systems. Specialising in machinery and systems for food, pet food, aquafeed, animal feed and chemical industries, the company boasts over four decades of experience in dosing, mixing, spraying, coating and handling of liquids and micro powder additives.

The primary focus of the company is to create customised dosing units suitable for the client’s needs, projecting on each occasion a tailored solution on request. For this reason, PLP Systems invests substantially in research and development (R&D) each year, developing new and exciting concepts whist always trying to improve and push forward existing technology. https://mymag.info/e/1442

6 | May 2022 - International Petfood

THE EDITOR Equine feeds come in many different forms, pasture, Advancements in some areas of production hay, grains, mixtures of grains and elements known The industry is starting to look at the level of as mash feeds. Horse feeds can also be pelleted and cook and how products are cooked in many cases extruded or formed in a number of ways. including petfoods. Historically the view was we My initial exposure to horse products was involved needed to cook more, and the results were more in treats for horses. They were typically larger cereal energy conversion from electrical inputs in the grain extruded pieces which included flavours loved form of SME (Specific Mechanical Energy) which by horses – beet, apple and carrot for example. creates the friction in the extruder barrel, generating Joseph P Kearns Pelleted horse feeds are much like any livestock pressure and high temperature levels.

Editor, International Petfood Magazine feed, made with a pellet mill and usually with a The goal of cooking the starch is to hold the feed standard heavy density associated with pelleted feeds. together and as many animals can’t handle uncooked starch. What With regards to horse feeds, the general discussion on their is the definition of a cooked starch cell? It is when it is ruptured or formulas can be open or highly kept secrets – especially for broken open. In general, starch cells swell in water and eventually competition racehorses. There are many different categories for rupture when reaching the 30- 33 percent moisture range. competition horses, short sprint racing, long sprints, endurance Improved preconditioning as well as adjustments in the extrusion racing, jumping and dressage and this does not mention the rodeo process can use this as a method of cooking but controlling the cook events as well as others. to achieve the gelatinisation required in a gentler manner. Advanced I assume all have seen a few cowboy movies where horses are preconditioning use steam inputs and can in many cases achieve feed hay and a “bait of Grain” usually oats after a hard day and to in the 40 percent cook range before the extruder barrel. Older prepare for the next. Oats being higher in fibre and a reasonable oil preconditioner designs usually had a much lower cook level. level makes it popular.

Ok, depending on the cook going into the extruder barrel Besides oats other cereal grains uses include barley, corn (usually determines how much cook is needed to finish the job. Therefore, cracked, steam roller milled or ground), wheat, wheat by products, some barrel setups need to be more aggressive; hence the increased grain sorghum, beet pulp, molasses as well as soybean products. input of energy creating more friction that is needed to finish the cooking process.

Handling of the product out of the extruder can be managed if Horse feeds vary greatly higher moistures are used. Pre-dryers to set the product and longer Current technology allows for many forms of feeds to be made lower temperature finish dryers to remove the moisture are all and typically these prepared feeds are used to supplement roughage, possible. grazing in pastures, hay cubes or bales. Grains or prepared feeds Based on the variation of market segments, the production made from ingredient combinations are fed usually in small of petfoods in all their various forms will continue as we see amounts. The goal is to figure out how to feed horses based on his advancements in some areas of production being adopted for use as needs relative to size and their level of work or activity. the knowledge of the animals needs improve.

Prepared horse feeds or supplements as noted above vary greatly.

The driving force behind production advancements are in dog Oats are feed whole or rolled, slightly processed by steaming and and cat foods which make up the bulk of the market. Extrusion passing through a set of rolls. Micronising is also a process where advancements for petfoods is a driving factor in many extrusion grains are heated and then rolled yielding a little better cook level areas. then just rolled grains.

For example, last month at Wenger’s Tech Center a demonstration It is noted the bulk of the diet should be roughage but there of using high meat levels with low SME input was impressive. are horses with special needs or situations. Extruded diets or Personally, always having an eye towards aquatic feeds it seems this supplements allow horses with lung issues to avoid dust as in technology could be quite useful in that industry. mash and pelleted feeds. Teeth issues, age and digestive issues are Fish meal, poultry meal, meat and bone meal could all be used additional reason for looking at extruded diet supplements. without double processing. What additional nutrient advantage can The major reason for extrusion of horse diets is the ability to be had without drying or heating these products twice when you can include higher fat content diets for energy needs in working and competition horses. Pelleted feeds have a reduced ability for high fat simply add them in the raw state when making the feed directly.

Obviously, there are some logistics involved but I am positive levels and maintain the pellet shape. The cooked starch in extruded some advantage, due to attractability of the aquatic feeds and feeds is more easily digestible and absorbed in the small intestine efficiencies might be possible for the future. allowing the large intestine to do it job on the roughage.

There are always concerns on the extrusion process reducing the vitamin content in the feed. Yes, this is true, but all extruders do Keeping the industry moving forward not destroy vitamins equally. The level of moisture in the extruder The conclusion is that if we watch what is going on in petfood used has a big effect on the vitamins, more water less losses. There developments, we will see these techniques more than likely in other are numerous sources for vitamin reduction levels based on the animal production processes. Is in the case of horse feeds, what temperature and moisture used in petfood production and these level of cook and the severity of cook is desired or needed for horses numbers would be very similar when making horse feeds. in all of the possible situations.

As a note, extrusion work has been done where running the The dynamic of extrusion and petfood development is a driving equipment to not exceed 80°C resulted in pre and probiotic enzymes force behind most extrusion advancements for a wide variety of included not being destroyed, mentioning this as the temperature animal feeds and you have and will be part of it, as your nutritionists can be modulated while getting starch gelatinisation. and animal experts develop questions and ideas advancing the Similarly drying feeds at low temperatures is also possibly thought process of equipment designers. These interactions will protecting heat sensitive ingredients. keep the industry moving forward.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 7

PETFOOD NEWS

Ren’s Pets’ donation to support pets in Ukraine

Professor Simon Davies Nutrition Editor, International Petfood

The benefits of supplemental essential fatty acids for the health of the horse We hear so much about essential fats in our diets, but those of our companion animals are just as important as I discussed for cats and dogs in our April issue. This is very true regarding equine nutrition and receiving much interest scientifically in many countries. It is becoming very clear that essential fatty acids serve a major role in overall equine health, and when horses consume fresh pasture, it is likely they are meeting their requirements to a great extent.

It is, however, possible that supplementation above (minimum) requirements may confer further benefits. Horses cannot synthesise long chain polyunsaturated of the omega-3 family such as EPA (eicosopentaenoic) and DHA (docosohexaenoic) efficiently from linolenic acid usually found in flaxseed (linseed) oil.

Dried forage loses much of its essential fatty acid levels, and often oils are added to balancing feeds and concentrate pellets mainly as oil seeds that are also typically high in omega-6 fatty acids. These however can negate the assimilation of omega-3 fatty acids.

It is believed that consumption of a diet rich in the omega-3 oils will result in a greater ratio of omega-3s in the body (and in particular the lipid membranes of cells), which will offer benefits to horses such as anti-inflammatory properties. It is very important to obtain a correct balance between the omega-3: omega-6 dietary ratio for the horse to obtain the optimum pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory pathways and immune function.

Indeed, sperm quality can be indicative of a good omega-3 fatty acid enriched diet in the horse.

Research has reported an increase in daily sperm output when stallions were fed marine-sourced (fish) omega-3 oils. Other studies have shown that when supplemented with fish oil, equine red blood cells have higher ratios of omega-3s, which may be beneficial to oxygen transport and platelet function.

Fish oil supplementation was also shown to increase stride length, which researchers concluded was a result of decreased inflammation and stiffness within the joints. Another study offered supplemental omega-3s to older horses with arthritis and found decreased inflammatory derived compounds within their joint fluids.

Laminitis (The disease process involving a breakdown of the bond between the hoof wall and the distal phalanx, commonly called the

coffin bone, pedal bone, or third phalanx) can be markedly improved with essential fatty acid supplementation. Likewise, joint and leg swelling (oedema) can be reduced in horses. Hair coat quality, dryness, and skin condition (dry scabbing) & sheen is greatly improved.

Another attribute is the potential to elevate retinal condition in the eye as essential omega-3 fatty acids can sustain retinal ultra-morphology and address capillary defects.

Important improvements

The horse is a naturally stressed animal, its survival initially depending on its ability to flee.

Its innate anxiety multiplies the potential sources of stress, even though each horse feels and reacts differently to stress. In relation to reduced stress: heart rate, respiration (breathing rate) body temperature, oral, rectal measurements show important and positive responses with additional omega-3 in diets.

Improvements in cognition, memory, alertness, and general behaviour would also be important to record in association with enriching equine diets with omega-3 oils.

For specific omega-3 supplementation, several marine-derived products such as fish oils and marine algal oils are being promoted with the latter increasingly used in balancer supplements and premixes.

Fish oil has direct sources of DHA and EPA, so the benefits are more readily conferred to the body.

As a point of comparison, fish oil has a ratio of 6:1, omega-3 to omega-6. Because DHA and EPA are found predominantly in fish and other aquatic life, they are sometimes referred to as ‘marine omega-3s’.

Algal oil is an effective alternative or complementary addition and research is being advanced to evaluate novel products from a variety of sources that are more sustainable.

The metabolism of horses will vary with age, nutritional and disease status as well as their role in society. Working horses on farms, breeding animals, racing horses, equestrian event horses and our companion ponies and horses will all have varying needs.

Fats in the diet will provide energy but also vital functional roles. Essential fatty acids in oils are therefore important to maintain health, stamina, and welfare of our equine friends.

8 | May 2022 - International Petfood

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anadian pet retailer Ren’s Pets announces its donation of CA$20,000 (CA$1 + US$0.77) to support pets impacted by the war in Ukraine and was delivered to Animal Food Bank, a non-profit organisation working to support pets in Ukraine.

“As a company extremely passionate about pets, we wanted to help and show our support for those pets impacted by the conflict in Ukraine,” says Ren’s Pets CEO Scott Arsenault.

“Our stores have been collecting donations from our very generous customers for this cause, and the amount donated has been absolutely extraordinary. We’re so thankful to our customers who have shown so much love, care, and support for Ukraine.”

Chiming in, Animal Food Bank founder Nicole Frey says they were “honoured” to have been chosen by Ren’s Pets as a partner to distribute the donations that were taken from customers of Ren’s Pets. Several customers of different stores won pet gift baskets given out by Ren’s Pets for making a donation to support Ukraine.

“This work is of the utmost urgency and importance and we, completely volunteer operated and non-funded, could not do this without amazing partners like Ren’s Pets,” Ms Frey adds. “We are so thankful for our collaboration with PIJAC Canada that led to this amazing initiative.”

Animal Food Bank was founded in 2019 with the aim of feeding pets in need and working to address the reasons for petfood insecurity.

As of April 23, has raised a total of CAS$50,922.93 that can be donated.

“Learning how the Animal Food Bank is distributing funds into Ukraine has been so enlightening, to see how they’re caring for pets that have been affected,” continues Larissa Wasyliw, VP of Ecommerce & Marketing at Ren’s Pets.

Ren’s Pets have also donated CA$50,000 to the Canadian Red Cross Ukraine Humanitarian Crisis Appeal alongside pet retailer Mondou’s donation of CA$100,000. Both companies are owned by Legault Group and total a donation of CA$150,000 to pets in need.

PETFOOD NEWS

Marel acquires Wenger Manufacturing

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escribed by the Icelandic company as being “a strategic platform investment into new and attractive growth markets,” Marel has agreed to acquire American food production machine fabricators Wenger Manufacturing.

A long-standing, extrusion-focused company, Wenger Manufacturing was first established in Sabetha, Kansas in the USA in 1935 by Joe and Lou Wenger. Today, it has 500 employees and is a global brand, which is highly recognised and respected for its innovations in livestock feed production across the world with a particular focus on aquatic feeds and petfoods.

Over the decades Wenger Manufacturing has introduced many breakthrough technologies in extrusion processing and has also influenced the development of similar companies and industry sectors.

Marel started life in Iceland with a fishing industry mission of becoming a global leader in fish. Then, with time, it moved to include meat industry activities and in the 1960s changed its mission statement to become what it now calls a ‘global food player.’

In 2021 Marel formally established a business development division focused on petfood and plant-based proteins. The company made the US$540 million total investment in the acquisition while estimating the end market that Wenger sells into having a value of approximately US$2 billion with annual growth running at between four-to-six percent.

The rationale for the acquisition is based on Wenger’s strong end markets, extensive offering around extrusion technology - which will complement Marel’s global reach and digital platforms.

These online portals look set to be employed for new and attractive markets such as plant-based proteins, aquafeed and petfood, which require further processing, packaging, labelling, marketing and distribution.

“Wenger Manufacturing makes a strong strategic fit with an extensive product offering that includes equipment for extrusion, drying and power heating,” adds Arni Sigurdsson, chief strategy Officer and EVP of Marel’s Strategic Business Units.

It will support the fourth pillar focus the Marel company has for new attractive end markets and make the company a more balanced business model when it is incorporated into its global reach and digital platform.

Transaction highlights & timeline Marel has agreed to acquire Wenger Manufacturing LLC., including all relevant business activities of the group. The total investment for the acquisition is US$540 million. Thereof, US$530 million is the purchase price on a cash and debtfree basis (enterprise value). The remaining US$10 million is a combination of a contribution to a not-for-profit private foundation, to continue the legacy of Wenger and its meaningful impact on the community, as well as Marel shares for Wenger employees.

The purchase price will be paid with cash at hand and existing credit facilities. Discussion with selling shareholders regarding partial consideration in Marel shares is ongoing and will be concluded prior to closing.

The transaction will also result in expected tax benefits of US$60-70 million and the adjusted transaction multiple corresponds to around 14x EV/EBITDA. The acquisition will be financed through Marel’s strong balance

sheet and existing credit facilities. To preserve operational headroom, Marel has signed a EUR150 million bridge facility from BNP Paribas Fortis SA/NV. Assuming a full cash payment, pro-forma leverage following completion of the acquisition is estimated to be around 3x net debt/EBITDA, compared to Marel’s targeted capital structure of 2-3x net debt/EBITDA. The closing of the acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including anti-trust and shareholder approval of Wenger, which is expected to take place during Q2 2022.

“We are thrilled to join forces with the great team in Wenger with whom we have a strong strategic and cultural fit. Wenger’s passion for innovation and commitment to high-quality solutions, in addition to their excellent customer focus and talent management, are the key attributes Marel is proud to partner with,” states Arni Oddur Thordarson, CEO of Marel.

“Wenger is a true leader in its field of providing solutions and services to the petfood industry and aquafeed industries and has in recent years made its mark on the fast-growing plant-based protein consumer market with best-in-class solutions positioned right in the centre point of the value chain,” he adds.

“The Wenger acquisition is in line with our vison of a world where food is produced sustainably and affordably. Throughout the years, Marel has gradually expanded its playing field. This platform acquisition will add the fourth business segment to our business model, in addition to the poultry, meat and fish segments.

“On a proforma basis, the new segment will account for around 10 percent of revenues and 12 percent of combined EBITDA. We see immediate opportunities for growth and value creation by leveraging Marel’s global reach and digital platforms in Wenger’s sizable addressable markets. The two companies have complementary technologies and a product portfolio that will accelerate the journey to become full-line providers in the respective fields.

“Marel has a strong financial position to pursue future growth avenues and a proven track record in driving long-term value creation. I am confident Marel will be a good steward for the Wenger business, its talented team and continued local community engagement, and we remain committed to our continued future success,” Arni Oddur Thordarson concludes.

An innovative, responsive partner “Wenger has a long history as an innovative, responsive partner to our customers. The relationships we have built, and the incredible character of our people are central to this. Our long-standing customers worldwide are looking for a trusted partner and local support to keep their operations running at optimal performance,” comments Trevor Angell, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Wenger.

"During our interaction, it was apparent that there is great strategic and cultural alignment between Wenger and Marel.

Our shared values and vision, our care for customers and employees, and the combined technical strengths of the two companies will create tremendous value in global food production. We are pleased to be joining forces with Marel, and we are excited for the opportunities our friends and teammates will experience.”

The deal means that the two technical leaders will join forces to transform the way food is processed. Some financial arrangements have still to be finalised, however the closing of the acquisition is expected to be completed before the end of June 2022.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 9

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Equine nutrition A brief guide to the multi-faceted dietary needs of the horse

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by Caitlin Gittins, International Petfood magazine

s reported by the British Equestrian Trade Association in 2019, horse owning households may be in a decline in the UK, but the number of regular riders also rose from 1.3 million in 2015 to 1.8 million in the same year.

Horses are widely recognised as belonging to two groups: professional horses which encompasses breeding, Olympic disciplines and racing, and leisure horses which include riding schools, trail riding and tourist attractions.

These are but a few examples of the wide-ranging parts horses play within our society and stress the importance of looking after the estimated 847,000 horses (as of 2019) that reside in Britain.

Maintaining good health in horses starts with nutrition: what we feed our horses will directly impact on their health. The modern day horse, Equus caballus, is the result of some 55 million years of evolution.

Most noticeably, modern horses have evolved high-crowned molars, in order to better deal with the consequent dental wear from foraging grasses. Its ancestors would have likely possessed short-crowned molars suggesting they subsisted on a diet of fruit.

Other key details of a horse’s anatomy reveal how the modern horse eats and digests food.

How to feed horses

Horses are non-ruminant herbivores, much like camels or rabbits, which refers to their lack of a ruminant digestive system and single stomach, which is comparatively small for an animal of its size.

Its digestive system can be broken up into the foregut, which makes up the stomach and small intestine, and the hindgut, which is made up of the cecum and colon. Horses are also known as hindgut fermenters, which refers to the process of carbohydrates such as fibre being fermented in the large intestine or cecum.

Gaining a better grasp of its anatomy reveals important details about how to feed horses. For example, because of its small stomach, horses can either eat continuously or eat small meals frequently. They are also not in possession of a gallbladder, so high fat diets are hard to digest – they can be fed a diet with a

maximum of 20 percent fat, but this is only when introduced slowly and gradually.

Nutritional advice for horses today is frequently taken from the National Research Council’s ‘Nutrient Requirements of Horses,’ with the revised sixth edition published in 2007 which is an in-depth resource on equine nutrient requirements and the best feeding practices. Written chapters correspond with the six classes of nutrients horses need in order to survive: water, fats, carbohydrates, protein, vitamins and minerals.

According to the National Research Council (NRC), water is incredibly important as a means of maintaining fluid balance. The total body water in horses has been estimated at around 62 to 68 percent. Carbohydrates provide the principal source of energy in horse diets and mainly come from forages, grain and grain by-products.

Forages include legumes or grasses, with commonly used legumes being clover and alfalfa, while hay is forage that has been harvested, dried and baled. Horses are naturally grazing animals so providing them with the opportunity to graze in a pasture will allow them to freely pick from the grasses available.

The nutrients provided by forages depend on their maturity, fertilisation, management and environmental conditions.

Considerably increasing palatability

Fats have proven most beneficial where derived from vegetable sources in comparison with animal sources due to its palatability.

Adding fats to forages or grain considerably increases its palatability. Protein in equine diets take into account 10 essential amino acids that are required: arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine.

The ideal protein diet will formulate a diet with the right amount of these amino acids. Minerals are mostly obtained from forages, and include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium,

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"Horses are non-ruminant herbivores, much like camels or rabbits, which refers to their lack of a ruminant digestive system and single stomach, which is comparatively small for an animal of its size"

potassium, sodium, and chlorine, each of which has uses related to muscle contraction, transporting substances and acidbase balance, for example. Vitamins are essential to normal metabolism and can be divided into two kinds: the fat soluble vitamin A, D, E and K, and water soluble vitamin B and C. Although general advice on equine nutrition exists, it’s important to note that nutritional advice on each nutrient class varies depending on a number of factors related to the horse.

Six classes of horses are recognised by the NRC which directly affects their nutritional requirements: growing animals, lactating mares, pregnant mares, stallions, working horses and adult horses not working.

There are subclasses within each class, for example, the activity levels of working horses are divided into: light, moderate, heavy, and heavy exercise. Other factors that will impact on nutrition include stress, injury, management and housing.

Nursing foals, for example, need large quantities of milk that won’t be present in an adult horse’s diet. In the early stage of its life, it consumes large quantities of milk: in the first day of its life, it consumes 15 percent of its body weight in milk, a figure which increases to about 25 percent of its body weight seven days postnatal.

It is recommended that young foals still be fed a diet partially made up of milk. Whereas on the other spectrum, for senior horses, an important consideration for feed formulation is their ability to digest, as studies suggest that the digestibility of crude fibre is lower in a group of old horses compared with a group of young horses.

Age appropriate diets

If a horse is not fed the appropriate diet according to its age, activity level and health condition, there are tell-tale signs to look for. Adult horses, for example, require eight to 10 percent of protein whereas lactating mares or foals need more: a nutritional requirement that may be overlooked and lead to a protein deficiency or excess.

Signs that a horse is lacking protein include a coarse coat, weight loss, reduced growth and milk production. If a horse is being fed an excess of protein, however, they may increase their water intake, urination and sweat losses. If a horse is dehydrated, as another example, signs of this include a decreased feed intake, reduced physical activity and dry faeces.

One anticipated outcome of a diet with a high-fat content, is that an adult horse with a low activity level fed it will become overweight. An overweight horse poses a number of health-

related problems, including increased stress of the heart and lungs, strain on joints and limbs and the ability to become more easily fatigued.

As the ideal body weight can vary depending on the horse’s age and activity level, the Henneke Body Condition scoring system assesses amounts of fat in six areas: covering the neck, the withers, the crease of the back, the tailhead, ribs, and behind the shoulder at the girth.

The scoring system ranges from one to nine, with a score of one suggesting that the horse is emaciated, whilst a score of nine indicates the house is overweight. A score of five is generally accepted as an ideal condition.

Feeding a horse the proper diet is not just key for keeping it in good health, but to ensure a high food conversion rate, and reduce the amount of waste produced by the horse. Current advice suggests feeding a horse around 1.5 to 2kg of feed per 100kg of its body weight. Nutrients that horses do not utilise properly are expelled in urine and faeces, the amount and composition of which depends on the composition of their diets.

There are a couple of options for the disposal of horse manure.

One age-old practice of utilising horse manure is to recycle it by using it for agricultural purposes as fertiliser. Horse manure contains high levels of nitrogen that prove beneficial to plants such as garlic. This method, however, is flagged by the NRC as one reliant on land availability, as modern animal production continues to upscale.

A second, less environmentally-friendly option is to send waste to landfill, at which point proper laws and regulations need to be adhered to.

Equine nutrition is multi-faceted

Maintaining good equine nutrition might appear daunting at first, but there are online tools out there to make it just that bit easier to formulate the right diet. The National Academies website (https://mymag.info/e/1447), provides a free online calculator for those who want to calculate the nutrient requirements of their own horse.

The website is based on the sixth edition of the NRC’s Nutrient Requirements for Horses which, as mentioned, is a commonly cited resource for those involved in equine nutrition including veterinarians, nutritionists, and horse owners.

As demonstrated, equine nutrition is multi-faceted, needs to consider different aspects related to the horse, and is overall instrumental in keeping horses in their best health.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 13

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Safe horse feed storage How to prevent loss through staleness, mould, vermin & accidents

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by Andrew Wilkinson, International Petfood magazine ourishing a horse with good quality feed plays a large part in maintaining it in good health - so it is important that it is kept in a way that will maintain its nutritional value.

This is because unless horse feed is stored correctly, even good quality ingredients will

deteriorate.

Most feedstuffs that are fed to horses, such as oats, barley, alfalfa, chaff and equine mixes, will go mouldy or stale after just one week if the sack that it is stored in is left open to air and dampness - which is why horse feed manufacturers generally recommend that their products are stored in airtight containers.

Another very important reason to store feed well is to prevent a horse or pony gaining access to it and gorging themselves.

The consequences of this can cause equine colic, laminitis or even death if a pony should get in and eat a large amount of dried sugar beet.

Feed should also be stored in a way that prevents vermin such as rats and mice getting into it. Rats and mice do not just eat up the feed causing a financial impact, they can also spread disease and infections to a horse or pony too.

Dry, well ventilated, clean & tidy storage

Storage areas for equine feed should be kept dry, well ventilated, clean and tidy. This is because keeping the feed storage area swept clean will make it less attractive to mice and rats. Placing mice and rat traps in your feed room or keeping a stable cat are other ways of keeping the rodent population down

– although many more humane options are also available.

Oxidation (a result of exposure to air and light) leads to a breakdown of nutrients in grain rations. So, while you have to watch that sacked grain doesn't become moist and mouldy, you also have to keep moisture out of the feed bins by using tight-fitting lids.

Trash cans are a popular storage option, with the possible problem of condensation on the lids of metal cans, so for this reason plastic is the better choice. Plastic cans are inexpensive, can be washed easily, and hold between 50 and 100 pounds of grain.

Sacks of equine feed should also be stored out of direct sunlight to prevent moisture loss through condensation and caking of ingredients. They should also be stacked on pallets to help keep damp and moisture out. Placing them on pallets will also keep them off damp ground and allow some air to circulate underneath. Keeping feed sacks away from damp external walls is a very good idea too.

This arrangement will also increase the chances of spotting any tell-tale little signs of mouse or rat activity, such as if any small piles of grain start to appear under and around the pallets.

If you buy many sacks of horse feed at one time in bulk, stack these so that you can see when the expiry, sell by, or best before date is, as this will ensure that the oldest feed is used first, avoiding wastage.

Storing opened sacks of horse feed

Once sacks of feed have been opened, we should always keep them in a rat and mouse proof container, with galvanised feed bins or dustbins an ideal solution for this.

Take care to tightly reseal any tubs of equine feed

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supplements to retain their freshness. It may be a good idea to store plastic tubs of supplements inside a metal container because as previously stated, mice and rats will often make very easy work of chewing through plastic containers.

Some horse owners choose to store their feed in plastic dustbins or trash cans - but rats and mice will eventually chew their way into these, so regular inspections should always form part of your weekly if not daily routine.

If you do use one of these vessels to store your feed, always use up the old feed and clean the bin before adding any fresh new stock – first in first out (FIFO) is a good policy to adopt here and will help you to minimise the risk of mould developing.

One ‘make do and mend’ solution that will also help to keep things fresh is to use an old broken down open top chest freezer. That said, as these large lidded troughs are usually airtight, do make sure that there is no chance of a child falling in – or even the stable cat getting locked inside!

A full risk assessment may seem a little overkill, but they have been known to save lives and is much easier than dealing with serious injury or death as a result of an easily preventable accident.

As well as the prevention of invasion by unwelcome pests, curious children and greedy cats - the feed storage area should be secure so that there is less chance of a horse or pony getting into it and clearing out your feed stocks.

Safe horse feed storage in five easy steps: 1. Keep it dry – Store feed in airtight containers, be wary of condensation on warmer days – avoid damp ground and direct sunlight.

2. Keep it fresh – Remember the ‘First in, first out’ rule, clean your storage area before adding new stock.

3. Keep it high - Having feed raised off the ground to make spotting signs of mouse or rat activity easier.

4. Keep it safe – Make sure your feed bin is properly secured.

Consider conducting a risk assessment.

5. Keep it secure – a locked storage bin means there is less chance of a horse or pony getting into it and clearing out your feed stocks.

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Proven Performance

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Hydrolysed new alternative for yeast The petfood formulation

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by Francesca Susca, DVM, PhD, Pet Development Manager Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Canada

east and yeast derivative products are versatile and natural ingredients to keep in mind when formulating food for pets. They can be used for everything from a palatability enhancer to a source of nutrients and functional ingredients.

This article focuses on the characteristics and benefits of a new ingredient for petfood: a specifically designed functional hydrolysed yeast.

Yeasts have been part of the human diet since at least ancient Egypt when they were already used to leaven bread and ferment wine. Their exceptional fermentative and nutritional properties also make yeasts valuable nutrients for animals.

Not all yeasts are equal. There are about 60 genera and about 1500 species of yeasts. Only a few are used commercially.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the main yeast used in food, beverage and baking as well as in animal nutrition.

Yeast in animal feed is either used live (probiotics) or inactivated. There are different types of yeast products: wholecell inactivated yeasts, autolysed yeasts, hydrolysed yeasts and yeast extracts, each with its own production process and nutritional properties (figure 1).

In the case of whole-cell inactivated yeasts, yeast are heat inactivated, but there is no lysing step. The final product will have a low nutrients digestibility and functionality. For autolysed yeast, the yeast cells are partially lysed by endogenous enzymes, which enhances the digestibility compared to a basic inactivated dried yeast. However, this autolysis process is less controlled than a hydrolysis.

The production of hydrolysed yeast involves the addition of specifically selected enzymes. These are chosen to orient and control the lysis, ensuring a specific level of functional ingredients and a consistent batch to batch product composition.

This is why yeast company Lallemand has focused on the

screening of different feed-grade yeast biomasses and on the optimisation of their production processes in order to introduce to the market a specifically designed functional hydrolysed yeast for animal feed: ‘Yela Prosecure’.

To create this product, a controlled hydrolysis process is applied with the addition of specifically selected exogenous enzymes to the selected biomass, ensuring high nutrient digestibility and functionality while providing reliability in terms quality and availability of appropriate volumes.

The hydrolysed yeast Yela Prosecure is a feed material (Regulation (EU) No 68/2013) allows nutritionists 1) to diversify the protein sources in the diet while 2) bringing functional properties and enhancing palatability.

Mode of action

The product provides functional nutrients with dual action: in the upper gut and in the hindgut. In the upper gut, the hydrolysed yeast provides highly digestible proteins which offer a high level of free digestible amino acids with an early and fast absorption kinetic.

This was demonstrated through in vitro kinetic studies

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Figure 1: Different yeast products and their production process

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comparing the digestibility of Yela Prosecure to different feed protein raw materials (such as soybean meal, fishmeal, potato protein) as well as other types of yeast-based products (inactive dry yeast and autolyzed yeast) (fig. 2).

This advantage is related to the specificity of the production process, showing the importance of a controlled hydrolysis which makes proteins more accessible, having been lysed into free functional amino acids and small peptides that are readily and directly absorbed.

Once it reaches the hindgut, the remaining part of the hydrolysed yeast consists mostly of fermentable insoluble carbohydrates inducing a late energy release supporting fibrolytic microbial populations leading to an improvement of microbial diversity and activity, with a release of valuable short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, and a decrease in proteolytic microbial compounds production, like ammonia.

Figure 2: Kinetic protein digestibility of different feed raw materials in vitro (Lallemand Animal Nutrition internal results).

Palatability enhancement

Palatability trials in dogs have shown the potential of Yela Prosecure to enhance petfood palatability (figure 3), likely related to the high natural content in glutamic acid.

High quality & highly absorbable nutrients

Yeast is a formidable bioengineering factory and a source of valuable nutrients and functional molecules. Hydrolysed yeast produced with an optimal lysis process enables formulators to take maximum advantage of these nutritional and functional properties.

They can support digestive care and enhance petfood palatability while contributing to the protein balance in a context of partial substitution of conventional protein sources.

G e n t l e

C l e a n

Figure 3: Consumption trial with 40 adult medium size dogs, 4 days. Diet A: control diet with 1% conventional palatant in coating. Diet B: Yela Prosecure diet – conventional palatant replaced by 1% Yela Prosecure in coating. Results have shown a significantly (P = 0.054) higher consumption of diet with 1% Yela Prosecure in coating.

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The ‘humanisation’ of petfood

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Is driving new capacity among petfood manufacturers

new US Horizons report from CRB, a major international food and beverage production facilitator, finds that petfood manufacturers are actively responding to add capacity that meets consumer demand for highquality products, driven by the desire to facilitate the ‘humanisation of petfood.’

Even as supply chain risks, labour shortages and rising costs present stout challenges, CRB’s newest Horizons report finds established companies and start-ups alike are chasing consumers who increasingly demand the food they feed their pets matches the quality and manufacturing standards of food they’d feed themselves.

The report, released in May of 2022 by CRB – a leading provider of sustainable engineering, architecture, construction and consulting solutions to the food and beverage and life sciences industries – is built on the survey responses of 300 petfood manufacturing leaders.

Horizons features analysis by CRB’s authoritative corps of subject matter experts who share insights on issues ranging from the sourcing of alternative proteins and adapting processes for sustainability, efficiency and quality, to embracing integrated project delivery solutions that raise capacity without sacrificing quality or schedule.

“At stake is nothing less than a projected US$275 18 | May 2022 - International Petfood

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billion, the expected annual value placed on the pet care industry by 2030,” Tim Barba, CRB’s Chief Operating Officer, Global Technical Operations, writes in the opening passages of the report.

“To get their share, manufacturers are feverishly expanding and modernising their production capacity, exploring new segments and aligning their products with the qualities prized by ingredient-conscious consumers.”

Among the essential insights contained in the Horizons report:

Product innovation:

Petfood manufacturers face the difficult task of balancing premium formulations with acceptable selling prices, expanding beyond bulk kibble and experimenting with alternative ingredients. CRB experts examine these shifts and offer solutions for manufacturers unsure of their next steps.

Processing:

Process teams are embracing innovation to find new ways to optimise existing methods. The report examines this quest for getting more from every piece of equipment.

Project execution:

More than half of Horizons survey respondents plan to embrace integrated project delivery to address automation and sustainability in petfood plant design.

Packaging:

While respondents have prioritised packaging as their top capital expense objective for the next five years, how can they ensure the investments will address rapidly changing market conditions?

Operational improvements and efficiencies:

The report provides practical insights for petfood manufacturers as they seek to align capital spending strategies with operational goals while future-proofing operations.

Quality and safety:

Petfood manufacturing is setting new standards for all food manufacturing regarding quality and safety. The report looks at this trend and how it will impact the future of a maturing petfood industry.

Sustainability:

While companies strive to hit net-zero goals quickly, how they achieve them is unclear.

Whether driven by retail requirements or consumer demands, the report investigates why barriers and myths must be eliminated to achieve progress.

“It’s fascinating to see how the massive adoption of pets in the United States during the pandemic transformed the petfood industry.

“Despite inflation and other challenges, consumers are seeking high-quality foods for their pets who are treated like family members,” says Jason Robertson, Vice President of Food and Beverage at CRB. CRB is a leading provider of sustainable engineering, architecture, construction and consulting solutions to the food and beverage and life sciences industries. The company's more than 1600 employees provide world-class solutions that drive success and positive change for their clients, people and communities.

CRB is a privately held company with a long history of serving clients throughout the world.

Download the full report at: https://mymag.info/e/1446 International Petfood - May 2022 | 19

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The benefits of using insects in petfood Sustainability, nutritional advantages and what’s coming next

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ith the world population expected to exceed 9.7 billion by 2050, food production needs to increase by 70 percent to meet the demand, according to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO).

In Europe, the protein deficit issue is strongly related to the lack of self-sufficiency in the supply of animal feed ingredients (i.e. high protein materials) in order to respond to current meat protein demands.

As a result, many countries are looking for locally produced food and feed that won’t further pressure our planet and its natural resources. Within this space, new sources of high-protein feed materials such as insects offer great promise.

Being mainly produced in the EU, insect proteins can help reducing the dependency on imported sources of proteins for use by European livestock producers as well as improving the resilience and self-sufficiency of our food supply chains.

This became even more relevant in the context of the war in Ukraine which is expected to have serious repercussions on the European agri-food sector with long-lasting impacts on food security.

So, how is the sector going to meet the growing demand? What can we find already in the market and what to expect in the near future? Throughout this article, we will provide a concise overview of the latest developments regarding the insect-derived feed ingredients and upcoming trends.

by Alice Grassi, Communication Manager and Christophe Derrien, Secretary-General, International Platform of Insects for Food and Feed (IPIFF), Bruxelles, Belgium

The benefits of insects as feed Sustainability

Its reduced environmental footprint and high efficiency in terms of water and land footprint, all contribute to the sustainability of insect farming. Thanks to the vertical farming techniques implemented, insect farming requires less arable land as insect farmers use ‘crates’ aligned vertically to rear their insects.

Most commonly farmed species are able to absorb the water they need from their substrates. Moreover, insects can also contribute to reducing the burden of food waste, being fed with underused agri-food by-/co-products (e.g. vegetable/fruits/starch origin) or food no longer destined for human consumption (e.g. unsold products from supermarkets, food products arising from the food manufacturing and being discarded for technical reasons).

Thus, the local production of such feed ingredients not only strengthens agrifood circularity - but it also improves regional self-sufficiency.

Nutritional advantages.

Biologically speaking, insects are not at all new to fish, poultry or swine species: in their natural environment, such animals eat larvae, flies or other insects. In nature, these animals would forage for roots, seeds or insect larvae characteristics that are also visible in the behaviour of farmed pigs.

These ‘ingredients’ now reappear ‘on their plate’, contributing directly to animal growth, health and welfare (e.g. stimulating their natural behaviour).

Scientific evidence confirms that the incorporation of insects in poultry’s diet would reduce aggressive reactions, such as feather pecking (Star et al., 2020).

The omnivorous diet of swine species makes them extremely versatile and adaptable.

Insect proteins contain all relevant amino acids for animal nutrition - with adequate levels of lysine, threonine, methionine, and tryptophan. In terms of

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vitamins, the inclusion of insect-derived ingredients may complement the lack of vitamin B12 in ingredients of vegetal origin or in organic farming.

Ensuring a balanced diet for such animals – that includes ingredients of both vegetal and non-vegetal origin (insects) is key to ensuring better animal performance and higher productivity.

Consumer acceptance

European consumers’ attitude around food is gradually changing - while the demand for a high protein targeted nutrition food is growing. As the need for sustainable complementary sources of proteins is increasing, consumers start to show interest in food that has a lower environmental footprint or health benefits, such as insects.

Consumer perception may also change depending on the regional/national availability and accessibility to insectbased products and the different dietary habits across Europe (Such as: flexitarians, organic food consumers or those following a paleo diet are generally paying more attention to sustainable food sourcing and/or to the health effects of what they eat).

In terms of animal nutrition, we see higher consumer awareness with respect to the benefits of insects as feed.

Such consumers also value that insects are part of the natural diet of farmed animals such as poultry, pigs or carnivorous fish.

IPIFF believes that targeted communication towards the consumer- especially on the many advantages (taste, environmental and nutritional) of insects and derived products such as powder and oil is key.

EU legislation and recent developments

The market of insects as feed is dynamic and depends on a series of factors. Among these, the regulatory context played an important role in the European Union. Notably, following the authorisation of insect PAPs in aquaculture (i.e. July 2017), the aquafeed market became the main target for feed business operators (FBOs) - i.e.

Until then, PAPs could have only been used in petfood or technical (non-food/feed) applications (e.g. production of biobased fuels, or other bio-based materials such as bioplastics).

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2021 was a year of major developments for the European insect sector. Following the positive vote from the EU Member States in April 2021, the Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/1372, formally authorising the use of insect PAPs in pig and poultry feed, entered into force on September 7, 2021.

This authorisation opened two of the most relevant EU animal feed markets, which represent circa 65 percent of the EU compound feed production. Following the entry into force of this implementing regulation, the demand for insects as feed is expected to grow, leading to an increase in the production capacity of the sector.

The authorisation of insect PAPs in poultry and pig feed will offer new opportunities - starting with the incorporation of such ingredients into the diet of such animals, the subsequent use of insects in organically farmed chicken and pigs, implicitly strengthening partnerships between insect and animal farms.

IPIFF estimates that, by the middle of the decade, most of the demand for insect meal will lie in the petfood sector (circa 40-50% of the insect meal produced). Subsequently, the trend noticed after the authorisation of insect PAPs in aquaculture feed should continue - leading to a steady increase (reaching 25-35% in terms of share), stimulated by a growing demand for aquaculture products, such as carnivorous fish (e.g. trout, salmon).

According to our forecasts, the next relevant market for insects as feed operators in terms of quantities of insect meal sold will be the poultry (20-30%) and pig markets (5-15%) - that will see a rapid increase following the entry into force of the approval of insect PAPs in 2021.

By the end of the decade (light green in the visual above), the market share of insects as feed produced for the aqua feed market may surpass the petfood market. The other animal feed sectors will represent a similar share to the one from 2025 – however, factors such as consumption patterns (e.g. increasing demand for lower footprint meat – such as chicken) and regulatory developments (e.g. how quickly the insect sector will upscale) may influence this distribution.

Upscaling - what’s coming next?

Following the recent milestones achieved last year from the insect PAPs authorisation in poultry and pig feed, the Novel Food authorisations for edible insects (visit the dedicated webpage at: https://ipiff.org/insects-novel-food-eu-legislation-2/) and the developments of standards for insect frass, IPIFF is committed in unlocking new opportunities for the European insect farmers.

Future possibilities such as the diversification of the inputs authorised as insect substrates (what insects eat) could upscale the insect farming sector. Indeed, up to a third of the food waste generated presently in the EU may be used as insect substrate before it is classified as ‘waste’. Currently, by-/co-products from grains, starch, fruit and vegetable supply chains products are authorised as substrates for insects.

In the future, the possible authorisation of former foodstuffs containing meat and fish and catering waste would play a key role in upcycling the production capacity of the sector.

IPIFF is discussing with the European Commission services on building/collecting scientific evidence which would allow the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to confirm that the use of these materials as feed for insects to entail safety risks.

In parallel, the organisation supports the objectives of the EU Organic Action Plan in achieving at least 25 percent of the EU’s agricultural land under organic farming by 2030 and a significant increase in organic aquaculture, in line with the ‘Farm to Fork’ strategy.

Locally produced feed and food ingredients, such as insects and fertilising products compatible with the concept of organic farming, such as insect frass, could provide farmers with all the necessary tools and instruments that would allow them to convert to organic systems.

Moreover, the recent regulatory developments, mentioned above, would contribute to develop EU organic standards for insect farming unlocking its full potential towards a more sustainable food system.

Indeed, thanks to the recent PAPs authorisation, insect PAPs may be used up to five percent in the feed ratio of organically produced chicks and piglets.

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WE NEED TO CHANGE THE WAY WE FEED OUR PETS How small & mid-size organic insect producers are making petfood more sustainable pets

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by Martin Sieland, Managing Director, Terra Pura Tiernahrung / purento GmbH, Speyer, Germany

oaring prices, inflation, gas and energy deliveries at risk due to a war at the eastern border of Europe, together with the slow end of a three year long pandemic situation worldwide – are all continuing to have an adverse effect on our lives.

In Germany, 60 percent of all crops produced are used to feed livestock and the evident risk that supply from Eastern Europe is at risk, for the immediate future at least, is making us realise that we have to change the way we consume, what we buy and how we conduct our everyday lives.

This is especially apparent when looking at two facts. Firstly, the unworthy industrialisation of our livestock which is not in accordance with the UN sustainability goals, and secondly, the feed structure for livestock and domestic animals, where we are feeding parts of our own food chain.

We are faced with an urgent need of change to implement new feed sources which do not include parts of our own human diet.

With a constantly rising world’s population and food resources at risk we have never been faced with such a dramatic impact and possible shift on our consumer behaviour.

The world in which we live in needs to be taken care of in order to make sure that our grandchildren and great-grandchildren will still find a liveable environment. It’s now the time to reflect and think about how we are living and how we can live in the future.

We have to change

Now let’s take a look at petfood. Our good and trustful

companions on four paws have become family members in the past years. We socialise with them in a different way, they are among our families every day, we identify them with the same socialisation as we do with our kids and we feed them in the same way as we nourish ourselves. Still, if our initial observations are true, we have to change the way we feed them.

This change can happen in two dimensions on one side we can improve the quality of petfood by preventing the conventional, industrial petfood producers using pet by-products such as feather, claw and bone flour or artificially modified and produced animal proteins. These products are not meant to create a circular economy, their only intent is to increase the profitability by offering cheap ‘alternative’ protein sources.

From an economic standpoint, this is acceptable but the reelaboration of different animal protein sources in these processed flours has led, as scientifical researches have shown, to an increase of allergies, food intolerance and intestine diseases for dogs and cats in the past 30 years.

The second dimension is that we have to reduce using traditional animal meat sources in petfood, we have to identify new single protein sources, which have a lower environmental impact in order to become more sustainable and still offer rich and nutritious petfood on a single protein source and with high nutritious quality.

Researches have sufficiently shown that rearing insects has a lower impact on greenhouse gases released, lower quantity of feed is needed, and the amount of water and land required is just a fraction compared to traditional meat sources. Yet the selection of insects we can decide for insect species which can meet the

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aspect of circular economy: silkworms.

Silkworms are just a by-product of the silk industry in India, South East Asia or China. If they are used, they are used as fertiliser or in most cases simply discarded. Each year 250,000 tons of silkworm pupa are produced, containing 40,000 tons of protein, protein which simply doesn’t cost anything, and we cannot allow not using this nutritional source.

Especially when we know that silkworms are hypoallergenic and as recent researches in Netherlands have shown they can have a positive impact on inflammatory joints and even improve the brain capacity for older dogs.

For where ever you are!

Replacing expensive animal proteins

When a cheap and available insect protein alternative is available so why we are simply not replacing expensive animal proteins in our petfood? When selling petfood we are always selling to two individuals: the owner of the pet and the pet itself.

Many owners, especially in Europe, react with the ‘yak factor’ when it comes to insects as part of their beloved pet nutrition.

Insects are still perceived as small, crawling, dirty and disease carriers, nothing which even a halfway educated European pet owner would like to see in their pet’s diet.

This cultural influenced European point of view is justifiable since insects have never been part of our human diet and have never been reflected in our cultural heritage as healthy, positive, nutritious and sustainable source of human diet.

However, the increasing world population, avoiding the need to use part of human diet for feeding livestock and home pets, the misuse of unhealthy multi protein flours in conventional pet nutrition and the mandate to preserve our planet expressed in the

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UN sustainability goals are simply sufficient facts to change our behaviour and how we feed our pets and overcome long established cultural views. Similar changes have happened already when we look at human diets and food behaviours.

Eating raw fish for example has never been common in Europe and only used in regional cuisines for example in Spanish/Catalan recipes called Cheviche or in Italian and French cuisine when looking at raw tuna salads.

The introduction of Sushi, Maki and Negiri in the 60s and 70s

by Japanese guest workers in Europe has led to the beginning of a triumphal march which ended in knowing Sushi nowadays as a Europe widely accepted take away and daily convenience food – no longer seen as a foreign specialty.

When looking at the changes we are currently facing and when understanding the sustainable mandate, we are having towards our planet and the future generations living on it we recall that not the strongest individuum is set to survive but the individuum which can best adopt to change – and this change is happening right now.

Giving back value

Organic insect petfood is one solution and response to these changes we face. Rearing livestock under organic conditions and licensed with organic labels is giving back value to our livestock which it lost during the past decades when it became an industrialised commodity.

Meat is not a commodity we can have three times every day in every meal. Not with a fast growing world population, not with the need to preserve our planet as expressed in the UN SDG’s and logistic supply at risk as soon as a pandemic is interrupting our supply chains and having ballistic conflicts back in Europe.

Organic petfood is creating a circular economy in organic livestock production where it implies reducing waste to a minimum and creating further value to this economy. Especially when we know that silkworms can be used as a single protein alternative and add value to the satin production.

Many animal parts are not finding its way in human diet anymore, organic petfood is creating further value by offering pets a healthy single protein and avoiding cheap, processed multiple protein flours which simply led to a deterioration of a domesticated pet’s overall health and constitution.

We know that the European Union has revised and developed legal guidelines for import of insects as food and feed beyond the Regulation (EC) No 258/97 on novel foods and novel food ingredients, thanks to the support of AFFIA (Asian Food and Feed Insect Association) and IPIFF (International Platform of Insects for Food and Feed).

This not only allows and rules the import of whole insects such as crickets, mealworm and black soldier fly larvae into Europe, but it also supports the inner European development of rearing insects as a sustainable and alternative single protein source.

Rearing insects in an organic way

Organic certifiers reacted to this development and there are two guidelines on how to rear insects in an organic way, which is Bio Suisse and Naturland guidelines. There is still a long way to go when we can offer organic insects in organic petfood reared in Europe.

However, knowing that the import of insects from Asian countries is set into legal guidelines creates assurances that insect raw materials are finding their way to Europe from countries where insects are reared in a natural and fully sustainable way.

Naturland organic insect framework is based on the association’s core fundamental principles of certified organic agriculture:

the obligation to treat the elementary basics of our lives with prudence and responsibility, sustainable management, protection of climate and preservation of soil, air and water and the protection of the consumers.

The circle economy

When looking at the feed, attention is paid to the circle economy when feed and substrate originates from organic agriculture (preferably from the farm itself or from growers and/ or processors in the same region). Animal products as well as their residual materials and by-products are not permissible as feed.

We interpret it as a strong sign of transition between organic and conventional agricultural production that Naturland allows, where organic by-products and residual materials are not available, then by-products and residual materials from the processing of conventional foodstuffs and conventional fodder may be used but only upon submitting application to Naturland for permission.

Analysis submitted before must show that feed is harmless and does not content pesticides, mycotoxins, heavy metals, GMOs etc.

Terra Pura Tiernahrung (www.terra-pura-tiernahrung.de) just finalised the recipe development of an organic wet food for dogs based on silkworms, is currently finalising the test feeding and is presenting the product to the German market in Q3 2022 with silkworms sourced in India and Thailand.

Customers reacted very positively to the initial market research of the company and a common response was that customers see this as a feed solution not only for allergic and hyper-sensitive dogs and welcome the regional production without additives, colouring and conservatives. The development of an insect snack based on black soldier fly is set to be presented in Q3 2022 as well.

Overcoming development & production difficulties

The company is facing difficulties with the development and production of an insect dry food based on organic raw materials. A few insect dry food producers are existing in the market.

However, they do not service the needs of an organic SME petfood company. None of the recipes offered is based on organic raw materials and the exclusion of additives, colouring and conservatives is not available at present.

Compromises are accepted since there is no offer of organically produced and reared insects available in the market and dry food would therefore be similar to a dry food based on horse or boar meat where both are also not available in organic quality.

Furthermore, having an influence on the kind of insects used in dry food would also be appreciated.

Most of the current offers specialise in black soldier fly and it has been proven that customers have a negative culturally influenced European view on these insect species.

Last but not least the minimum order quantity for dry foods is often a stretch for Small and mid-size enterprise (SME) companies and minimum order quantities of 10 tons is simply too high.

To support the implementation and development of insect dry food with organic raw materials, it would be beneficial to have lower minimum order quantities and influence on the recipe and insect selection.

A development of new kind of food and feed is always driven

by SME companies and processing industries should find a way to meet the pioneering spirit and find solutions which help both sides.

26 | May 2022 - International Petfood

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Petfood production plant

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Sustaining life’s simple pleasures on an industrial scale

by Ada Wei, Famsun MY View Magazine Editor, Japan

hen adapting to living in a world that becomes ever more complicated, whilst also accepting that the pandemic will be part of today’s life for many more years, a large number of people have decided to help themselves to become happy again by reconnecting with simple things, like cats and dogs.

Life with their beloved pets brings many benefits to pet owners: from physical health to mental wellbeing, which is why the population of pet owners rises continuously amidst the Covid-19 pandemic.

This is also the reason why Famsun and other global petfood producers continue to work hard to bring modern industrial pet food production systems to locations all around the world.

In doing so, these companies serve the needs of millions of pets and their owners and protecting what’s good in life through health, nutritious and tasty petfood.

Innovation: Driving change for better

Pet parents today care more about the nutrition, health, and well-being available for their pets, than they have done so previously. For example, nutritious and fresh-ingredient food such as high fresh meat products have become a popular splurge item.

Many owners are also willing to pay extra for innovative choices that can solve allergies, picky eating habits and immunity issues.

Some are also willing to pay extra for ‘green’ products that are sourced and produced responsibly and are aligned with their family sustainable actions.

At Famsun, its experts move fast to innovate and

provide competitive, sustainable, and tailored petfood processing solutions that help producers and investors to seize new market chances and become differentiated in the marketplaces.

The company’s R&D institutes in the USA, Denmark, and China, have dedicated their activities to the petfood industry for decades, and are constantly working on innovations to increase the capability of petfood plants to make them process smarter, more efficiently and more sustainably.

Famsun has been researching high and ultra-high fresh-meat petfood production technology for years. In 2019, the company successfully launched a dry petfood line with up to 70 percent fresh meat.

Since then, its experts have worked on improvement to meet this higher addition demand – and 2021 saw a breakthrough with several 90 percent meat petfood processing lines starting operations in China, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and South America.

In addition to the previously listed innovations, Famsun also develops more specialised equipment such as the FE series single-screw extruder, R series twin-screw extruder and the CYPZ vacuum coater for petfood production. These machines are flexible enough to meet different customised petfood formulas, and the base materials of all product-contact surfaces or parts are food level.

The Famsun CYPZ vacuum coater, especially, allows producers to differentiate their products at the line end through applying different functional liquids onto the food pellets, be it oil/fat to

28 | May 2022 - International Petfood

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improve energy, flavours to improve palatability, or functional improvers to achieve health.

By introducing its innovative and exclusive technologies, such as quick-start, wastecontrolled preconditioner, intelligent dryer, clean energy machines, as well as its digital services of Manufacture Operation Management (MOM), as well as its advanced Lean Manufacturing and Pull Production concepts, Famsun’s modern industrial petfood solutions provide producers with the highest number of options for efficient, responsible and accurate operations.

Food quality and safety are the two most essential elements in its solutions. From raw material receiving and fresh meat liquid preparation to product packaging and delivery, every process, equipment, and part of its machines and systems are specially designed to meet the two criteria.

The company also provide tailored cleaning and disinfection guidelines for every plant to drive biosecurity practices in the petfood industry.

Turning complex into simple

As an integrated solution provider and a technology partner in the farm-food industrial chain, Famsun offers a package of technologies and services from consultation, design, civil construction, manufacture to logistics, installation & commissioning, training and service to its customers.

With end-to-end systematic consideration, design, and execution, producers only have to learn how to operate and manage an advanced modern plant to its best performance and explore

its capability to develop and produce competitive products.

Famsun’s digital and intelligent services and collaborative innovation also help to drive simplicity and excellence in the whole plant’s operation and management.

So far, the company has delivered more than one million annual production capacity to over 150 pet food producers, including Gambol Pet Group, PureNatural in China, Maxipet in Portugal, AVI-Products in South Africa, BioAlimentar in Ecuador, etc.

These producers manufacture over 500 pet food brands to help millions of pets live longer, healthier, and happier lives with their owners.

By working in partnership with its customers, Famsun can nourish, spark and protect what’s good in pets and create pieces of simple happiness on a large scale, for many more years to come.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 29

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TRAINING

Industry Training

Live, online & globally recognised

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How to gain a feed production qualification without leaving the comfort of your own home ith soaring prices, the war at the eastern border of Europe, together with the slow end of a three year long worldwide pandemic situation – we are all faced with a great degree of uncertainty in all of our lives.

As world markets continue to tighten, so too does the competition for jobs in the animal feed production industry, making this the best time to sure up your CV by adding a globally recognised industry specific qualification.

April 2022 sees the long-awaited return of both the Online Aquafeed Production School course for its Spring 2022 edition, which sees a new, improved and updated online bunch of broadcasts.

Developed by Progressus Agrischools and presented in partnership with Perendale Publishers Limited, this course is tailored to help attendees to build an understanding of the design, development, and operation of an aquafeed and livestock feed production plant, covering the entire range of products used in this industry.

This goal is achieved through twelve two hour long weekly sessions featuring industry experts who share their extensive knowledge relating to feed ingredients, the equipment used, as well as providing a general nutritional review. This is then followed by a dedicated question and answer session, allowing participants to interact live with the program facilitators.

These carefully selected experienced industry operators, who possess centuries of combined front-line service between them, includes Joe Kearns, who alone has spent decades in senior roles at Wenger Manufacturing.

Wisdom & reliability

The Spring 2022 edition of Online Aquafeed Production School sees Mr Kearns take over the role of lead presenter, a role that he will no doubt deliver with the same level of professionalism that has seen him earn a solid reputation throughout his career for wisdom and reliability.

Online Aquafeed Production School will enable interested individuals to understand the possibilities and developments over time with regards to what can be produced, as well as examining how all aspects of the process interact in order to achieve and maintain a successful standard of aquafeed production.

Basically, there are four areas of importance for aquafeed production; ingredients, equipment used, how it is operated, and the desired final product specifications. All aspects interact as each affects the other as the nutritionist makes the formula, sales or the customers define the desired end product while the production needs to perform efficiently.

Communication between these areas and the interactions between them will vastly increase the chances of producing positive results, including excellent aquafeed produced with acceptable margins.

Sessions 1 & 2 recap

The first edition of this long-awaited new series seeks to provide attendees with an ‘Overview of the Aquafeed Process.’ Introduced by the able presenting duo of Messieurs Christodoulou and Gilbert, this was split into four main parts.

The first of these segments sees Mian Ruiz Texas A&M University broach the subject of the ‘Different Types of Aquafeeds. Mr Riaz’s teaching is then followed by the first of Joe Kearns’ contributions titled, ‘Typical Equipment used in Aquafeed Production and Raw material Requirements and Effects’.

Mr Kearns then returns to host a new section ‘Useful Troubleshooting Tips’, which this week focuses on raw materials – including aspects such as starch content, changeover time in storage and the ‘after ripening factor’.

The fourth and final segment of this sessions sees all but Mr Riaz return to tackle the weekly live Q&A session, with all of the questions asked by the audience answered in full – with Mr Kearns even answering some shortly after they had been answered.

Delivered under the title of ‘Starting the Process: Ingredient Receiving, Bulk Storage’ the first address of the second session sees Mr Kearns tackle the subject of ‘Nutrition, Formula, Considerations for Aquafeed Production and Ingredient Receiving’. The lists of related subjects covered includes ingredient sources & specifications, starch in formulation and the differences between coated feeds.

The second section of the second session sees Giuseppe R Bigliani, President of Feed Technology Solutions, Engormix provide a ‘Detailed Review of Ingredient Handling – Part 1’. With nearly four decades of experience in the design, installation, operation and administration of projects related with the Agri-business, focusing on feed and food processing plants, Mr Bigliani provides a very comprehensive overview of this subject.

It’s not too late to enrol

Although this season has already started, all sessions are available on demand for two weeks following the final broadcast – with this option included for all attendees at no extra cost.

The Aquafeed Production School is running every Tuesday, from April 19 to July 12, 2pm Bangkok time and 9am CET. For those based in the US and Latin America, sessions begin on April 21 and conclude on July 15, 9am Chicago time.

The course certification is very beneficial for the workplace, as it both signals an attendee’s interest in the industry and demonstrates an acquisition of the knowledge that they’ve gained whilst attending the program.

To enrol on the Aquafeed Production School course, be sure to visit https://aqfeed.info/e/1393 for more information.

30 | May 2022 - International Petfood

TROUBLESHOOTING

Petfood production troubleshooting Part 5: The Extruder

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Barrel

xtruder barrels used in petfood production are either single screw or twin screw in design. Forming extruders are used for some select products – thus our discussion will centre on single and twin designs.

Over the length of the barrel three zones define their function, with the first third being what is considered the feeding zone. This is designed to move the preconditioned feed forward so that more feed can enter the barrel.

This area is considered to be starve fed, meaning there is always room for more within the volumetric capacity of the screw design. The screws in this area are usually single flight with high volume promoting forward movement of the mash.

There are angles to screw flights and typically in single screws the angle on the leading edge of the screw is designed to promote the feed to move forward but also outward, so the mash interacts with the sleeve or casing around the screws.

This also allows for the mixing of the mash as it moves forward towards the die, eliminating the stagnate feed movement if the flights were vertical or perpendicular to the shaft.

Previously on Troubleshooting…

The kneading screws

The middle of the barrel usually has the kneading screws, double flight with less volume which can have continuous flighting or possibly what is known as cut flights. The area where the flights are cut promote cook as they increase residence time, mixing and energy input. This is the area where the mash starts to become more of a plastic nature or a melted mass as the pressure also increases.

The final third of the barrel is what is referred to as the final cooking zone. The zone where the melted state is complete, and where pressure is at its highest before exiting the die. Usually these screws are double, triple or quadruple flighted.

Most single screw extruders have a devise between each screw, a shearlock also called a steam lock. They vary in diameter and usually they get larger in diameter as you get closer to the exit of the extruder. Diameter changes in the later stages of the barrel lock the steam from moving out of this area due to the fact materials is always between them and the sleeve or outer casing.

Twin screw extruders

Twin screws have a smooth outer casing or sleeve while single screws have flighting in the form or either spiral or straight ribs.

Spiral promote forward movement of the feed as straight ribs allow backflow this increased resident time and usually elevated cook due to extra friction development.

Twin screws do have design differences so the barrel can be configured for the desired cook needed, as both are usually variable speed so screw speed can be altered. Development of flow control valves in the middle of the barrel or at the end of the barrel offer restriction which holds the material in the barrel for additional energy input.

When using a mid-barrel valve, the last barrel section can be converted into a forming design if higher density is desired. The end of the barrel design allows for increasing or decreasing the flow creating cook which might yield a system where you don’t have to disassemble the barrel in order to change the cook.

There are many combinations and set up designs that allow for a wide variety of formulas to be made with density or expansion control. This review is the basis of future discussion on the extruder barrel components.

The above discussion on screw zones is also seen in twin screw extruders. The major difference between single and twins is the geometry in single screws is basically unlimited as twins require the screws to mesh together, thus variable pitch and variable depth screws are not seen.

1. Density An examination of product density and its relationship with moisture levels, heating, cooling feeder screw rate and automation.

2. Non-uniform and rough appearance

A guide to understanding the science involved in improving the art of making products of all the same size.

3. Extrusion dies

Die designs vary and are usually specific for the equipment manufacturer. This article takes a look at aspects of the process including high, medium and low shear as well the adjustments required when producing feed for small mammals.

4. Dryers

The dryer is without a doubt one of the machines in the system which greatly impacts the bottom line. How? Water is the reason, as products are sold with a max water percentage on the labels, so it is the lowest cost ingredient and one that should be watched closely.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 31

PRODUCTION FOCUS Innovations this month May 2022 This month’s Production Showcase section features equipment and ingredients that will help in the production of petfood, taking you right from the recipe book, right up until until your product is ready to leave your factory door.

If you would like your product or service to appear on this page in a future edition of International Petfood magazine, then please contact us at editorial@perendale.co.uk Magnum ST series extruders by Wenger Manufacturing The Magnum ST series has the ability to use higher SME settings with speeds up to 1200 rpm and power levels to 165 kWhr/t.

The benefits of having higher SME inputs include the potential for lower bulk density, higher absorbency levels of liquid coating, higher cook levels, smaller cell structure and enhancement of textural properties.

The Magnum ST series extruders utilise parallel-shaft twin screws which are ideal for unique processes with extreme operating parameters. The Magnum ST series also have increased process flexibility and rate potential, whilst it is also ideal for applications which require high torque at low extruder shaft speeds.

It is also designed for jobs that requires increased rate potential, dependent on SME and shaft speed. www.wenger.com

Vacuum Coaters from Feed Tech FeedTech Vacuum Coaters are designed to spray high percentages of fats and other liquids onto pellets and extruded feed. In petfood plants they enable the addition of microingredients, aromas and oils and fats up to 17 percent inclusion.

The coaters have a versatile operation and compact design, with low energy consumption.

Depending on the model, the volume ranges from 500 to 2800 litres, with the minimum volume being 25 percent of the nominal volume and the maximum being 110 percent of the nominal volume. The maximum percentage of added liquids to the coater is 24 percent, excluding the fats and oils already in the product.

Advantages of the Vacuum Coaters include accurate dosing and better distribution throughout the feed, no contamination in the pellet mill or extruder and a simpler and cleaner process, among others. www.feedtech.com.tr

FA 438 Packaging Machine by Fawema The FA 348 is ideal for the packaging of petfoods, designed for high speed and high accuracy packing of petfoods. This is done using its Carrousel system which allows it to run in a continuous motion while product filling.

Packing while in continuous operation means the machine can product outputs of up to 60 bags a minute. It is also built to reduce loads on parts, meaning they are low wearing and down time is reduced.

The machine meets strict hygiene requirements in the production of petfood, as hoppers are inserted into the bag reducing the risk of foreign objects contaminating the bag.

The use of lubricants can be easily avoided thanks to the accessibility of system parts which also reduces cleaning time.

A few further advantages include high performance, friction-free transport and exact bag shaping. www.fawema.com

SEE YOUR PRODUCTS IN THIS MAGAZINE If you produce a product that you think we should feature in International Petfood magazine, please get in touch To be considered for inclusion in the magazine please; Email: editorial@perendale.co.uk Include 75 words about the product along with a high resolution image and a web link to more information about the product in your email

32 | May 2022 - International Petfood

DCC Steamer from JBT FTNON The JBT Dynamic Cloud Control (DCC) steamer considerably improves the energy efficiency of steamers. Exhaust of steam is reduced to a minimum with a reduction on steam consumption ranging from 30 to 90 percent and further savings on water and energy consumption.

The purpose of steaming is to improve shelf life and improve properties such as taste, bite, smell and texture.

Advantages of the DCC steamer are optimal heat transfer, a minimum start-up time with it being ready for production in 5 minutes, minimum steam required and an overall, energy efficient system.

The control system of the steamer is equipped with a PLC with a touch screen which is integrated into the control panel door and enables the operator to access the steamer settings. All cables run through stainless steel rings to avoid debris accumulating in the machine. www.jbtc.com

We can help you improve your feed pellet durability testing...

Holmen NHP100 Portable, manual pellet tester.

ProMix by GEA As the mixing process is critical for the final food product and overall productivity, GEA’s ProMix offers high performance mixing.

As a multi-purpose twin-shaft mixer, the ProMix has a variety of applications for meat or meat products, as well as petfood.

The high peripheral wing speed ensures good protein extraction, a uniform distribution of additives and effective protein activation.

Additionally, the minimal clearance between the wings and tub ensures a thorough mixing and absorption of liquids and other ingredients.

As a robust, reliable and flexible mixer the ProMix offers flexible and versatile operation, with outlet gates designed with a ‘lockable knee’ so that they remain closed regardless of product pressure. It is easy to operate, maintain and clean, having been designed to the highest safety standards. www.gea.com

Holmen NHP200 Series 2 Laboratory based, automatic pellet tester.

Holmen NHP300 Inline, process based system.

N HOLM

®

Made in Britain, Trusted Worldwide.

We are

Industry Events 2022

June

2 Build my Feed Mill Utrecht, The Netherlands https://vivhealthandnutrition.nl/visit/conference-program/

Feed Innovation Award 2022 If you know of or have a newly introduced innovation for the production of animal feeds, including petfoods then consider proposing it for inclusion in this year’s Feed Innovations Award to be held at the Victam International 2022 exposition, which takes place in Utrecht, The Netherlands from May 31-June 02, 2022. Email tutit@perendale.co.uk for an application form.

Deadline for submissions: February 25, 2022.

For more information: https://mymag.info/e/1290

The 6th Annual Aqua Feed Extrusion Conference

The event’s organisers confirm final details & program schedule Co-organised by VIV, International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology magazine and Dr Mian Riaz of Texas A&M University, the 6th Annual Aqua Feed Extrusion Conference is once again taking place June 1, 2022 as part of VIV Europe 2022.

This rendition of the conference will specialise in extrusion and the related equipment for aquatic feeds. The one-day conference will feature a variety of industry expert speakers delivering innovative presentations on how users can make the best use of their extrusion machinery and aqua feed systems.

2022

August 17-21 Pet Fair Asia 2022 Shanghai, China www.petfairasia.com

2022

October 26-28 Pet Fair South East Asia 2022 Bangkok, Thailand www.petfair-sea.com

2022

November 17-20 China International Pet Show (CIPS) 2022 Guangzhou, China http://en.cipscom.com/CIPS.htm

Program schedule 10:00 - Welcome Roel Schoenmaker and Roger Gilbert, VIV and International Aqua Feed Magazine, UK 10:15 - Effect of Protein, Starch and Fat on Aqua Feed Extrusion - Dr. Mian Riaz, Texas A&M University, USA 10:45 - Raw material grinding for making good quality Aqua feed - Arthur vom Hofe, CPM Europe B.V., Netherlands 11:15 - Making Floating and Sinking Feed Using Twin Screw Technology - Hadrien Delemazure, Clextral, France 11:45 - Extruded Shrimp Feed Production ‐ Michel Bauer Pereira, Andritz, Denmark 12:15 - Lunch Break 13:15 - Extrusion processing of fish feed pellets: influence of silica and oil content on the product properties Jessica Wiertz, Brabender

34 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

GmbH & Co. KG, and Carolina Schillinger, Evonik Operations GmbH, Germany 13:45 - Clean Feed, Clean Water for Aquaculture ‐ Jens Erik Stengaard, Wenger Manufacturing, USA 14:15 - Extrusion Processing for Floating and Sinking Aquatic Feed ‐ Charlly Hansen, Extru-Tech, USA 14:45 - Application of digitisation and automation in modern aqua plants - Chao Luan, Buhler, Switzerland 15:15 - Nutritional and technological tools to manage feed & production cost - Tom Verleyen, Kemin, Europe 15:45 - Optimising Energy Efficiency in Aqua Feed Drying – James Laxton, Famsun, China 16:15 - Q&A Session, End of

Anticipation grows for the global petfood market event With its organiser, WZF GmbH, expecting to welcome around 1300 exhibitors from more than 60 countries, Interzoo 2022 will be held in Nuremberg from May 24 - 27.

With a gross exhibition area of around 105,000 square metres, the self-described “world’s leading fair” for pet supplies will offer trade visitors a unique overview of the global market for the latest products for dogs, cats, fish and other pets.

“Despite the challenges created by Covid-19, the global pet industry has developed positively during the past two years,” comments Norbert Holthenrich, President of the German Pet Trade & Industry Association (ZZF), the honorary sponsor of Interzoo. But since the pandemic began, supply chains have been severely disrupted, with production problems and delivery bottlenecks as a consequence.

Mr Holthenrich views Interzoo as an opportunity to change focus and pave the way for new business. “Manufacturers and buyers can meet again in person at the world’s leading fair in Nuremberg in order to establish new business contacts and discover products of interest,” he adds.

A guaranteed global market overview

The strong international make-up of the exhibition will guarantee a global market overview, with more than 80 percent of exhibitors coming from outside Germany. The largest international contingents represent Italy, the UK, US, Netherlands and Spain.

There will be a total of eleven national pavilions, some of them larger than previously, from Brazil, the UK, India, Italy, Canada, Singapore, Taiwan, the Czech Republic and the US, with France

and South Korea being new additions this year.

WZF has recorded growth in registrations for stand space from a number of countries in Europe, such as Turkey (+114%) and Spain (+15%), with about 60 exhibitors each. There is also stronger demand from outside Europe, such as South Korea (+33%) and India (+22%) with well over 20 and 40 exhibitors respectively.

As in the past, items for dogs and cats make up the largest share of the products on offer (47%), followed by small animals and rodents (10%), then pet birds and aquariums (8% each). The range of supplementary items for the speciality pet retail sector accounts for six percent, as does petfood technology.

Items for garden animals represent five percent, with smaller shares for other segments such as subject-area literature, shop fittings and packaging.

Strong international visitor numbers expected

With the lifting of travel restrictions and the proven hygiene strategy in place, Dr Rowena Arzt, Director Exhibitions for WZF GmbH, also expects strong international visitor numbers.

“At previous Interzoo events, more than a quarter of the visitors came from Germany and three-quarters from other countries – about 42 percent from other parts of Europe and a little over 30 percent from outside Europe,” adds Dr Arzt.

“We expect the structure will be similar at Interzoo 2022, with fewer visitors from some eastern European and Asian countries in view of the situation there. This does not affect the importance of Interzoo as the world’s leading fair in this sector, and it continues to offer many opportunities for international contacts, interaction and business,” she concludes.

INTERNATIONAL

PETFOOD

International Petfood comes to you either in print or digitally.

Whichever way you want to receive, please sign up on our MagStand for your personal copy which will give you access, from your desktop, to our back-issue library. https://magstand.com/petfood The App can be downloaded from your favourite app store.

We invite you to use the code below for a free edition of our March magazine either mailed to you or via our App Use coupon code:

VICTAME22

The Market Place lists leading manufacturers of equipment used for the production of petfood.

To be included in the Market Place please contact Tuti Tan at tutit@perendale.co.uk.

Bagging systems

Coolers & driers

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

FAWEMA +49 2263 716-0 www.fawema.com

Consergra s.l +34 938 772207 www.consergra.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

FrigorTec GmbH +49 7520 91482-0 www.frigortec.com

Bulk storage

FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com

AGI www.aggrowth.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Behlen +1 402 564 3111 www.behlengrainsystems.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Behn + Bates +49 251 9796 252 www.behnbates.com Brock +1 866 658 4191 www.brockgrain.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Ozpolat Makina Gida +90 342 337 1217 www.ozpolatmakina.com.tr Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be Silos Cordoba +34 957 325 165 www.siloscordoba.com Symaga +34 926640475 www.symaga.com Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com The Essmueller +1 800 325 7175 www.essmueller.com TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Computer software Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Dosing Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Elevator buckets 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Elevator & conveyor components 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Extruders Almex +31 575 572666 www.almex.nl Andritz +45 72 160300 www.andritz.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Feed milling PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com VAV Conveyor Components & Solutions +31 7140 23701 www.vav-nl.com vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com

Feed Mill Automation Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Laboratory equipment

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Bastak +90 312 395 67 87 www.bastak.com.tr

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

International Petfood - May 2022 | 37

Industry PROFILE

Discover, define, design & develop

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From processing, to feeding, primary and secondary packaging, to handling and palletising, the complete process chain can be provided through the Petfood Competence Network

Fawema joins the Petfood Competence Network aving recently joined the collective of companies, Famwema is a self-described global market leader in the design and manufacture of bag packaging machines for dry petfoods and cat litter products, as well as holding key positions in other key markets including flour, sugar and tea.

As one of the brands within The Packaging Group, which also includes HDG and Wolf, the Packaging Group consists of four manufacturing sites, seven regional offices and more than 400 employees – which is all dedicated to target one thing – the pursuit of packaging perfection.

The Packaging Group has one of the broadest range of machines for packing petfood products into flexible packs and with over 150 years of combined experience, Fawema, HDG and Wolf have the expertise to deliver your packaging machinery needs for all petfoods and treats.

For the petfood industry, the company has a dedicated team that is tasked with delivering excellence in primary petfood packaging, with a sharp focus on performance, quality and reliability.

The fact that a multitude of petfood manufacturers partner with Fawema for primary packaging solutions, stands as testament to the notion that products and brands packed with Fawema machinery will be presented to the market ‘safely, sensibly and

sustainably.’ The company seeks to achieve and maintain this goal by following four key principles, ‘discover, define, design and develop’.

By following these steps, Fawema aims to fully understand the customer’s needs by assuring the best quality solution. A process that involves the company first defining the best technology fit, before then delivering proof of concept to the customer.

This configuration positions the company in the right place to rise to the challenges of tomorrow, designing and developing new technologies and continuing to deliver on its commitment to produce the outstanding quality products required for the increasing industry challenges of the 21st century.

As a company that has delivered thousands of packing lines across the world, it is a dedicated partner after the delivery of its machines too. Its after-sales service team will be on hand to help and guide customers at all times, with an operative available for whenever the need might arise.

With a global presence and a loyal customer base the company understands the commitment that is needed to keep the machines it builds working long into the future. It will achieve this now and in the future by having a dedicated after sales team on hand to deal with all eventualities.

What is the Petfood Competence Network?

Featuring eleven like-minded companies, with decades of combined experience giving you simple and streamlined access to the very latest industry has to offer, the Petfood Competence Network brings its member companies own domain expertise and extensive industry R&D experiences together into one single entity.

These factors are all then merged into a complete, tightly integrated production solution, which can be trialled, scaled and fully connected, to match your precise requirements, to deliver quality processes, products and packaging every single time.

In terms of raw materials, formulation, processing, filling, transporting, sterilising, loading, packaging and palletising… all of which can be tailored, developed, scaled and installed to match your precise needs, with all of this achieved through a single point of contact.

The companies involved are leading pet food industry suppliers. The Network comprises Miavit, JRS, JBT FTNON, Andritz, Waldner, Cama Group, OPEM, The Packaging Group, Clevertech and Karl Schnell. www.petfoodcompetencenet.com

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the interview Leah Wilkinson, Vice President of Public Policy and Education, American Feed Industry Association, USA Leah Wilkinson leads the legislative and regulatory team at the American Feed Industry Association, where she has worked for the past 12 years. In this capacity, she interacts with state, federal and international policymakers and regulators on issues of importance to the US feed and petfood industry.

She leads several AFIA member committees and has covered the petfood portfolio extensively, whilst she holds a bachelor’s degree in animal and plant systems from the University of Minnesota and resides in Austin, Texas, with her husband and two children.

You have had a rich career in industry, what initially lead you to get into this field of work?

Growing up on a swine farm in Minnesota, I knew at a pretty young age that I would do something with agriculture for my career – I just thought it would be becoming a veterinarian or going back home to run the farm with my brothers! I didn’t even know that jobs like mine existed until a college mentor encouraged me to try out an internship in Washington, DC.

That three-month internship turned into a full-time job.

I got to experience some very big policy, political and social situations during those first few years and then I was hooked. Having worked for the animal agriculture industry, I brought a unique perspective to my current role, one where I hope our work is making a difference for those who are keeping America’s domestic livestock and pets well fed every day.

Throughout your extensive career what have been the most significant changes that have you observed in the petfood industry?

The regulatory changes that have come about from crucial events, mainly food safety, are the ones that have stuck out to me the most. The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), passed into law in 2011, is one of those moments that massively overhauled regulations for the U.S. animal food industry. While I do not believe it drastically changed the way we produce safe feed and petfood in the United States, it did change the language we use and many of our processes.

Now, looking back over the past five years of compliance with this rule, I think FSMA has helped our facilities compile all their food safety information into robust food safety plans and boost employees’ awareness of their role in promoting feed and pet food safety.

Animal food manufacturers have a good food safety story to tell and FSMA has given them the opportunity to articulate it clearly to regulators, suppliers and our customers.

Going forward, what aspects of nutrition and production would you like to see addressed and why?

As we’ve learned more about animal nutrition, our ingredients and production, the animal food industry has been able to bring forward unique solutions to today’s most pressing challenges, such as climate change.

We have seen policymakers on Capitol Hill speaking up for their rural constituents to have access to these technologies so that they are taken more seriously in the global trade environment. The Food and Drug Administration recently received more congressional funding to address this issue, as well as speed up its ingredient review process for ingredients for both domestic livestock and pets, and we will continue to work with them so that they move the ball forward.

While I used an example here with ruminant animals, the procedures and regulatory systems are the same for petfood and innovative petfood ingredients impacting animal nutrition and welfare are also slowed by similar hurdles in the regulatory review processes.

What are the most common barriers you feel our industry must continually overcome to ensure we are providing the most efficient and safe products to our customers? What advice would you give to those looking to improve their operations?

Being able to have access to new technology in a highly connected world is one of the biggest barriers our industry must overcome. It is clear that the science of animal nutrition has evolved at a faster pace than our regulatory system and therefore it is more difficult to bring new feed ingredients through our regulatory review systems that were never designed to be used in that manner.

Whether it be genetic engineering, direct fed microbials, enzymes or CRISPR technologies, the US regulatory system has not kept pace, which is saying a lot, considering most scientific research and development takes years, if not decades, of dedicated work.

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We have a real opportunity now to leverage talks about climate change and food security to spur innovation by urging decisionmakers to embrace more nimble regulatory schemes that prove to industry that they will be champions for change and facilitate smoother transitions to the marketplace.

Which policies do you think have had the greatest impact on the petfood industry?

The industry came together in about 2012 to address the ongoing issue of salmonella in petfood. Our member petfood manufacturers, through AFIA’s Pet Food Committee, decided that food safety was not a competitive issue as we were all working toward the common goal of protecting public and pet health.

Our members began working together to share best practices for the reduction of salmonella in kibbled petfood, mainly how to properly test for it and safely hold products until the test results were received, and that close industry collaboration has never wavered.

That was a turning point in the issue, where the prevalence via the FDA’s sampling decreased, as did the number of pet food recalls.

What are some of the major actions the AFIA has taken to support the petfood industry?

The US pet food industry is an important sector that feeds over 135million of America’s dogs and cats using over 500 safe and nutritious ingredients to provide the variety of pet food and treats that today’s consumers desire for their pets. The AFIA has supported the industry in its regulatory compliance since the first model petfood regulations emerged in the 1950s.

Since then, we have not only kept our members apprised of changing rules and regulations impacting their businesses, but we have also offered education programs, such as the annual AFIA Pet Food Conference, and networking opportunities to continually advance the field.

International Petfood - May 2022 | 41

THE INDUSTRY FACES PPFC expands its senior management team Following a year of rapid growth for the company, Portland Pet Food Company (PPFC) expands its senior management team with the appointment of Dylan Page.

Mr Page will serve as the company’s manager of corporate development, enhancing PPFC’s continued business development, as well as helping to lead several strategic and operational initiatives to further the company’s business growth.

According to PPFC, Page’s focus on consumer products and knowledge of growth within the food industry makes him an asset to the company.

“I am thrilled to welcome Dylan to the Portland Pet Food team,” says Katie McCarron, founder of PPFC. “Dylan is extremely accomplished in his field, including experience in growing business development, investor relations, finance and operations. He will be a great asset to us as we continue to grow and expand.”

Dylan Page’s appointment follows notable growth for PPFC. In March 2022, PPFC added wet cat food to its growing portfolio.

Frankly Pet expands its team with new Office & Customer Service Manager Manufacturers of natural beef collagen for dogs Frankly Pet expands its team to include Alice Behnke, its new office and customer service manager.

Outside of her career, Behnke has spent more than 20 years helping dog rescues by fostering, volunteering at shelters, and performing home checks for adopted pets.

In her new role, Ms Behnke will direct Frankly Pet’s customer service department whilst also serving as the company’s human resource contact, directing payroll and invoicing, coordinating administrative activities and meetings, as well as managing databases and company communications.

“Alice has a proven track record for providing top notch customer service while promoting and serving client products, and we’re thrilled to have her join our team,” says Alan Snyder, Chief Operating Officer at Frankly Pet. “I’m confident that her enthusiastic attitude and keen attention to detail will play an integral role in providing our customers with the best service possible.”

JWI Ltd welcomes new Sales Manager Grain dryer and bulk material handling company JWI Ltd welcomes Tom Armstrong to the team in the newly created role of Sales Manager.

As well as being responsible for the development of new business opportunities across both agricultural and industrial sectors Mr Armstrong ‘s remit also includes a specific focus on the market leading Westrup portfolio.

JWI Ltd Director, Charles White, is confident that his appointment will be of huge benefit to both existing and new Westrup customers, “Having Tom on board to provide a specific focus for this everexpanding range is a very positive evolvement.”

“Finding such a perfect fit for my career progression with a company I have traded with for so many years is excellent – I’m delighted to be able to focus of the standout Westrup range and look forward to some exciting plans they have in the pipeline!” comments Mr Armstrong.

PFMA appoints former Director of Nestlé Purina as new Chair The Pet Food Manufacturers’ Association (PFMA), which represents the petfood industry throughout the United Kingdom, expands with the appointment of Claire Robinson-Davies, corporate communications director for Nestlé Purina, to chair.

Having previously served on the association’s executive committee and acted as chair of the sustainability committee, Ms Robinson-Davies will build on her previous positions with PFMA, as well as her dedication to sustainability in petfood manufacturing, in her new position with the association.

“As a responsible industry, environmental sustainability continues be high on the PFMA’s agenda,” she says. “We also know pet owners want to feed their pets in a way that respects and protects the environment for future generations.

“We are working closely with government and other organisations to ensure we address common challenges, including sustainable raw materials, environmentally friendly production, and recyclable packaging materials,” she adds.

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24 – 27 May 2022 | Nuremberg, Germany

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