Week 04 Summary
Span and Spacing
Concrete 1 cement(Portland lime)+ 2 fine aggregate(sand) + 4 coarse aggregate(crushed rock) + 0.4-0.5 water Too much water – weak concrete Too little water – unworkable concrete Span – the vertical/horizontal distance between 2 structural supports. Spacing – the repeating vertical/horizontal distance between a series of like/similar elements.
Floor & Framing System Concrete •Slab of various types that can span one way or two ways and spans between the structural supports. •The thickness of the slab is determined by the span divided by 30.
Timber •Combinations of bearers (primary beam) and joist (secondary beam) •Span of the bearers – the position of the stumps and the spacing o the bearers.
IN SITU Concrete
Steel •Main beams = girders •Heavy gauge structural steel / light gauge steel framing. •Steel framing can be combined with concrete slabs. • Spanning capability of the material helps to determine the spacing of the supports.
PRE-CAST Concrete
DESCRIPTION
Any concrete that’s been poured into Any concrete that’s been fabricated framework and cured on the site. in a controlled environment, thwn transported to site for installation.
PROCESS
Fabrication&assembly of the formwork - pouring,vibration,curing
Fabrication - Transportation
USES
•Footing •Retaining walls •Non-standard structural elements. •Sprayed - swinming pools and landscpae. •Bespoke •Once poured, limited time •Labour intensive
•Stucture of a building •Bridge or civil works •Panel elements •Retaining walls •Columns
CHARACTER ISTICS JOINTS
•More standardised, Faster •High level of quality •Limited in size by transport •Construction joint – smaller and •Construction joint – one precast more mageable element meets another. •Control joint – absorb the •Structural joint – precast of the expansions and contractions, strcuture. movement is controlled. JOINTS CAN GREATLY DEPEND Both-POTENTIAL WEAK POINTS. ON DESIRED AESTHETICS.
Studio Report(Scale, Annotation and Working Drawing Conventions) 第 # 期:[日期]
Scale
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Why scale matters: It accurately represents the construction items. It shows the distance a certain measurement equals on a map. Usually the scale shown in the map is the ratio between the distances on map compared with the distances in reality. By using scale correctly, object in reality can be presented on drawing with exact the same ratio. How to use scale: •1:1 1:2 1:5 1:10 1:20 1:50 1:100 •Depend on the size of the construction object •Depend on how detailed the drawing should be Preferred working units for building projects: Unite: millimeter (mm) Scale: 1:1 (When project is small/particular part needs to be highlighted) 1:5 (Detailed part of the building) 1:50 (Part of the building) 1:100 (Building Section/ floor plan/ structural) 1:200 (Building Section/ floor plan/ structural) Example: The two examples below come from the Oval Pavilion Construction Drawing; obviously the scale of Canopy Details is much larger than the scale of Sections since the details occupy smaller areas, which need to be presented on a larger scale. Therefore by using scale properly designer can present their ideas more efficient and precise.
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Studio Report(Construction Documentation Tour) 第 # 期:[日期]
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Studio Report(Construction Documentation Tour) 第 # 期:[日期]
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Studio Report(Construction Documentation Tour) 第 # 期:[日期]
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Scales Site plan
1:1000
Floor plan
1:200
Elevation
1:100
Room plan
1:50
Detailed Section 1:20
Architectural Drawing
Structural Drawing
•Based on the designing side of a structure. It’s a technical drawing of a building. •Focus more on layout, floor plans, exterior wall details and elevations in general. •Legends represent room uses, types of window, doors and walls etc. •Scale: usually in a smaller scale as it presents the building in a larger area.
•Based on physical laws and knowledge of structural performance of different landscape and materials. •Focus more on the foundation an structures hidden by walls. •Legends represent the material type and dimensions. •Scale, usually in a larger scale as it presents the detailed building in a smaller area.
•Refer to the Oval Pavilion Section plan, the Canopy is presented in a smaler scale with grid lines, it shows the appearance of the canopy and the materials are shown by symbolic representation.
•Refer to the Oval Pavilion, the 3D view of canopy structure presents itself in a way of showing the framing which is inside the wall. It focus on how the canopy is stabilized rather than the appearance of itself. 5