e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:02/February-2021
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EXPLORATORY STUDY OF CONCRETE MIXED WITH SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER Ishanya Joshi*1, Ankit Dane*2, Anshul Pandey*3 *123Assistant
Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Indore Institute of Science & Technology, India.
ABSTRACT Curing of concrete is necessary to maintain adequate moisture content in concrete during its early stages to develop the ideal properties. However, curing is not always achievable and often ignored many times. Therefore, the need to develop self-curing agents attracted several researchers. The addition of superabsorbent polymer in concrete has presented to have many positive effects on the properties of concrete in its both fresh and hardened properties. The main role of SAP is that it can contribute water to concrete by providing an an internal water source. This inner water source acts as an inner curing agent after the final setting of concrete. At the same time the SAP releases water at reasonably slower rate at the fresh concrete stage. The study focuses on the use of an optimum amount of Sodium Polyacrylate as a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in PPC based cement concrete. It was observed that compressive strength of M15 grade concrete was significantly higher than M20 grade concrete, and best result was obtained at 0.5% SAP. Keywords: Self Curing Agent, Concrete Grade, SAP, Compressive Strength.
I. INTRODUCTION Curing means maintaining the proper moisture conditions to promote ideal hydration of cement just after placing. Practically complete curing is not at all achievable many times because of non-availability of good quality water and also due to practical difficulties. Many researches are concerned to identify effective selfcuring agent. Therefore, many researchers are attracted towards recognize the self-curing delegate such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate etc. This agent which decreases the stress at the surface of water and also minimizes vaporation of water from concrete paste thus it will improve capability of water to retain on concrete. Therefore it was found that sap may be used as self-curing delegate to the concrete. In the new millennium, concrete incorporating self-curing agent in conventional cement concrete paste and attempt was done to optimize the content of sap for desirable results in form of consistency, workability and strength in compression. Hence an effort was made to use sap as a self-curing delegate. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 1) Analysis of various effect of sap as additive in concrete. 2) Investigation on the optimal dosage of sap for different water to binder ratio. 3) Effect of super absorbent polymer in wet and harden properties of internal self-curing concrete. 4) To know about progression of heat at various stages of hydration process by using temperature sensors. 5) Study on microstructure in cement- concrete with the use scanning electron microscopic images for different dosages of sap. 6) To detect the porosity of self-cured concrete by conducting test of water absorption.
II. SELF CURING AGENT Superabsorbent polymers (also known as SAP) is an odourless, grainy white powder having the capability to suck and keep hold of extremely huge quantity of a liquid relative to their own weight. They also have a high molecular mass, cross-linked polyelectrolyte that can soak up more than 300 times the mass of water or any other liquid. These superabsorbent polymers are widely used as a liquid absorbent in disposable hygiene products, such as baby diapers, female hygiene products, and other medicinal products. In previous years, cellulosic or fiber-based products were used as water absorbing materials. For this, the options were cotton, sponge, tissue paper. However the water absorbent capability of materials is only up to 11 times their weight, the majority of which is lost under modest pressure. www.irjmets.com
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:02/February-2021
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III. PROCEDURE For this experiment, 36 concrete cubes were casted for testing the result of admixture. The outcome of admixture. These cubes were tested later 7 and 14 days of curing. The procedure involves following steps: 1) Sieving of aggregates 2) Sieving of aggregates 3) Sieving of Sand 4) Batching and Mixing 5) Slump test 6) Placing and compaction 7) Removal of moulds and curing Table-1:Mix Proportion For M15 Sap Concrete Design Name
Cement (kg)
Sand (kg)
Aggregate (kg)
SAP (gms)
W/C Ratio
M15 STD
3.2
7.125
12.915
0
0.6
M15 (0.5% SAP)
3.2
7.125
12.915
16.025
0.6
M15 (0.6% SAP)
3.2
7.125
12.915
19.23
0.6
Table-2: Mix Proportion For M20 Sap Concrete Design Name
Cement (kg)
Sand (kg)
Aggregate (kg)
SAP (gms)
W/C Ratio
M15 STD
3.2
7.125
12.915
0
0.6
M15 (0.5% SAP)
3.2
7.125
12.915
16.025
0.6
M15 (0.6% SAP)
3.2
7.125
12.915
19.23
0.6
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:02/February-2021
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Fig. 3: Concrete self cured cubes with plastic polythene cover
IV. TESTING After curing period, the plastic packaging from concrete cubes was removed. Then the were checked on compression testing machine (CTM). Compression strength test is the most well-known test performed on hardened concrete, partly because it is an easy test to perform, because most of the advantageous characteristic properties of concrete are related to its compressive strength. A test of Compression strength test is a method of determining the staging of materials under a compressive load. Compression strength test is performed by loading the test specimen between two plates and then applying a force to the specimen’s surface area by moving the plates towards each other.
Fig.-4: Specimen under testing in CTM
V. RESULT The test of compression was done on CTM . The load was applied on specimen uniformly till the cracks were developing on the specimen. The embodiment was positioned on the centre of moving plates. A set of 3 cubes were examined for every mixture after 7 and 14 days. Highest force taken by embodiment noted for every cube. Average strength in n/mm2 was calculated for every set of specimens. After testing the specimen was observed for cracks. The compressive strength test result was given in chart. It has been found that with the increase in the quantity of superabsorbent polymer strength in compression decreases. It was found that 0.5% admixture resulted in increment of strength in compression in both m15 and m20 concrete. However, it was examined that after curing for 7 days m15 grade concrete had more strength in compression as compared to m20 concrete. We
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can also state that using plastic polythene packing as curing method has resulted in increase in the concretes strength along with and without superabsorbent polymer and hence used further testing. Table-3: Compressive Strength And Density Calculation At 7 Days
Name
Weight (Kg)
Density (Kg/m3)
Load at Failure (KN)
Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
8.242
2442
420
18.66
8.422
2495
350
15.55
8.280
2453
365
16.22
M15 with 0.5% SAP
8.252
2445
465
20.66
8.260
2447
425
18.88
8.210
2432
395
17.55
M15 with 0.6% SAP
8.154
2416
400
17.77
8.088
2396
405
18
8.010
2373
385
17.11
8.326
2466
350
15.55
8.354
2475
410
18.22
8.332
2468
385
17.11
M20 with 0.5% SAP
8.040
2382
350
15.55
8.070
2391
375
16.66
8.108
2402
410
18.22
M20 with 0.6% SAP
8.114
2404
360
16
8.020
2376
380
16.89
8.035
2380
380
16.89
M15 Standard
M20 Standard
Average Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
16.81
19.03
17.62
16.96
16.77
16.59
Table-4: Compressive Strength And Density Calculation At 14 Days
Name
Weight (Kg)
Density (Kg/m3)
Load at Failure (KN)
M15 Standard
M15 with
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Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
8.414
2493
475
21.12
8.360
2477
460
20.44
8.382
2483
455
20.22
8.134
2410
475
21.81
8.170
2420
500
22.23
Average Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
20.59
21.55
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:02/February-2021 0.5% SAP
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8.206
2431
480
21.33
8.124
2407
490
21.77
8.056
2386
460
20.44
8.010
2373
475
21.11
8.286
2455
460
20.44
8.230
2438
450
20
8.266
2449
445
19.77
M20 with 0.5% SAP
8.124
2407
490
21.77
8.155
2416
470
20.88
8.164
2418
460
20.44
M20 with 0.6% SAP
8.016
2375
470
20.88
8.096
2398
460
20.44
8.074
2392
455
19.33
M15 with 0.6% SAP M20 Standard
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21.10
20.07
21.03
20.21
VI. CONCLUSION 1) It can be stated that superabsorbent polymer absorbs water present in concrete and hence it affects in production of a drier mix. 2) It has been found that both in M15 and M20 Grade concrete, the mixture gets drier with increment of quantity of superabsorbent polymer; however M15 has lower slump value. 3) The 7 day strength in compression M15 grade concrete was significantly higher as compared to Mix 20 concrete, and best result was obtained at 0.5% SAP. 4) Polythene packing on concrete is effective means of curing as it can be seen that water gets trapped in the way of droplets inside and it acts like an envelope which aid in using the same water for curing. 5) The increment in the quantity of SAP decreased the strength in compression of M20 grade concrete however in case of M15 grade; it increased up to 0.5% SAP then started to decreasing at 0.6% SAP. 6) We can also state that use of lesser w/c ratio in M20 grade concrete might produce better results as related to 0.6 w/c used in this analysis. 7) In M15 grade concrete, 0.6% SAP resulted in a very dry mixture which contained lots of voids hence is not do able. In places of water scarcity, superabsorbent polymer is a very essential tool for inside concrete curing because the SAP has shown to provide significant positive results. We can conclude by stating that use of 0.5% of SAP with M15 grade concrete having 0.6 w/c ratio has higher 7 day strength in relation to standard M15 grade concrete at same conditions.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The heading of the Acknowledgment section and the References section must not be numbered. Causal Productions wishes to acknowledge Michael Shell and other contributors for developing and maintaining the IEEE LaTeX style files which have been used in the preparation of this template. To see the list of contributors, please refer to the top of file IEEETran.cls in the IEEE LaTeX distribution.
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VII. [1]
[2] [3]
[4]
[5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
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REFERENCES
Beushausen, H., Gillmer, M. and Alexander, M. (2014), “The Influence of Superabsorbent Polymers on Strength and Durability Properties of Blended Cement Mortars”, Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol 52, pp. 73-80. Stella Evangeline (2014), “Self-Curing Concrete and Its Inherent Properties”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Application, Vol. 4, pp. 66-71. Victor Mechtcherine (2013), “ Effect of Internal Curing by Using Superabsorbent Polymers(SAP) on Autogeneous Shrinkage and Other Properties of a High-Performance Fine grained Concrete: Results of a RILEM Round-Robin Test”, Materials and Structures, Vol. 47, pp. 541-562. Moayyad Al-Nasara and Mohammad Daoud (2013), “Investigating the Use of Super Absorbent Polymer in Plain Concrete”, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol.3, Issue 8. Mohammad J., Zohuriaan-mehr and Kourosh K. (2008),“Superabsorbent polymer: A review”, Iranian polymer Journal, Vol. 17(6), pp. 451-477. El-Dieb, A.S (2007), “Self-curing concrete: Water Retention, Hydration and Moisture Transport”, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 21, pp. 1282-1287. Agnieazka, K. and Karol, S. (2007), “Super Absorbent Polymers In Cementitious Composites”, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol.2, Issue 7. Ole Mejlhede Jensen and PietroLura (2006), “Techniques and Materials for Internal Water Curing of Concrete”, Materials and Structures, Vol. 39, pp. 817-825. Ole Mejlhede Jensen and Per Freiesleben Hansen (2001), “Water Retained Cement-Based Materials I. Principles and Theoretical Background”, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 31, pp. 647-654.
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