e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020
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HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE WITH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT Vishanth I V*1, Mrs. S. Vallabhy*2 *1Research
Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Prathyusha Engineering College, Thiruvallur,Chennai 602 025.
*2Head
Of The Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Prathyusha Engineering College, Thiruvallur,Chennai 602 025.
ABSTRACT Our projects deal with experimental study on Flyash and metakaolin. Cement production currently constitutes the fourth largest source of carbon emissions. As these emissions continue to rise, the natural world faces the threat of a hazardous environmental pollution. Flyash, an innovative binding compound, presents a carbon- negative alternative to cement that utilizes a variety of waste streams to produce a versatile building material. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is used from a cradle-to-gate perspective to compare the environmental impacts of Flyash and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), focusing specifically on their contribution to carbon pollution, water use and energy consumption. Keywords: Flyash, Life Cycle Analysis, metakaolin , carbon negative, recycled by-product.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the commonly used building material and it is a key structural material in human history. Concrete is a brittle material composed of fine and coarse aggregate, cement and water which are embedded in a hard matrix. Usage of concrete is mainly due to economy, versatility and adaptability. Moreover workability is more important parameter of concrete and it is necessary to achieve workable concrete by improving the compaction and placing homogenously without segregation and bleeding. With the advent of cement as the binding material, the field of concrete technology has seen a tremendous growth. The ingredients of concrete have been supplemented with admixtures, Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) and other chemicals to attain certain desirable qualities in it. One such quality is compressive strength, by means of proper proportioning of these components or additions, compressive strength values up the order of 120 MPa can be achieved. The next important durability property is considered to be the most essential requirement of concrete. Several materials and methods have helped in achieving the desired durability characteristics. The subsequent development of specialized concretes such as high strength concrete, high performance concrete, no-fines concrete, Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), ferro-cement concrete, gap graded concrete, high density concrete, nuclear concrete, heat resisting and refractory concrete, Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), geo-polymer concrete, etc., over a period of time is a clear depiction of the advancements in the field of concrete technology. Concrete that suits extreme environmental conditions is required for enhancing durability. The use of waste materials, which possess pozzolanic properties in concrete has enabled researchers alike to bring about sustainability. SCC, which is a flowing concrete, also makes use of these materials in a beneficial way and SCMs help in increasing the powder content in it. Use of High Range Water Reducing Agents (HRWRAs) is useful by way of improving the workability characteristic of concrete mixes. Concrete is tailored to meet the growing demands in several diversified applications. State of the art technologies in making specialized concrete are made possible due to the research activities carried out in all parts of the world. Also, these research findings are brought into application and they pave the way for revisions in the provisions of codes from time to time.
II.
METHODOLOGY
Based on the research problem identified, a research methodology was formulated and the experimental work was carried out in different phases. The different literature is collected on Self Compacting concrete with varied admixtures, hybrid fiber concrete, Self compacting hybrid fiber concrete and seismic performance of beam-column joint. A detailed study is done
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020
Impact Factor- 5.354
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on each literature to know the physical and chemical properties of the materials. Research gap analysis been done and suitable materials are been selected. Materials like Cement (OPC 53 grade), fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, metakaolin, crimped steel fiber, poly-vinyl alcohol fiber, super plasticizer and viscous modifying agent is been collected. Physical properties test are on Cement, fly ash, metakaolin, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate. The trial mix design of M30 grade of concrete for Self compacting concrete according to EFNARC recommendation was designed. Following the mix design, fresh concrete test with and without hybrid fibers are carried out to satisfy the workability parameters according to EFNARC recommendations. The mixes which satisfied the workability parameters for fresh concrete test is taken for hardened concrete test. Which is followed by casting of concrete specimens (Cube, prism & cylinder), curing of concrete, hardened concrete tests (compressive, flexural, split tensile and modulus of elasticity) is been done. From the hardened concrete test, optimized mix is obtained. The research methodology was devised and it is as indicated
III. Materials Quantity (kg/m3) Mix ratio Mix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Cement (kg/m3) 583.57 525.21 525.21 525.21 525.21 466.86 466.86 466.86 466.86 408.5 408.5 408.5 408.5 350.14 350.14 350.14 350.14 Mix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Cement
Fine Aggregate
Coarse Aggregate
Water
583.57
851.4
800
194.53
1
1.46
Admixture (kg/m3)
Fly ash (kg/m3)
0 0 58.36 29.18 58.36 29.18 58.36 29.18 58.36 29.18 116.71 58.36 116.71 58.36 116.71 58.36 116.71 58.36 175.07 87.54 175.07 87.54 175.07 87.54 175.07 87.54 233.43 116.72 233.43 116.72 233.43 116.72 233.43 116.72 Proportion ID CC FAMK10HF0 FAMK10HF1 FAMK10HF2 FAMK10HF3 FAMK20HF0 FAMK20HF1 FAMK20HF2 FAMK20HF3 FAMK30HF0
1.37 Metakaolin Hybrid Crimped powder fiber steel fiber (kg/m3) (kg/m3) (kg/m3) 0 0 0 29.18 0 0 29.18 2.92 1.46 29.18 4.38 2.19 29.18 5.84 2.92 58.36 0 0 58.36 2.92 1.46 58.36 4.38 2.19 58.36 5.84 2.92 87.54 0 0 87.54 2.92 1.46 87.54 4.38 2.19 87.54 5.84 2.92 116.72 0 0 116.72 2.92 1.46 116.72 4.38 2.19 116.72 5.84 2.92 Mix Details 0% FA, 0%MK, 0%HF 5% FA, 5%MK, 0%HF 5% FA, 5%MK, 0.5%HF 5% FA, 5%MK, 0.75%HF 5% FA, 5%MK, 1.0%HF 10%FA, 10%MK, 0%HF 10%FA, 10%MK, 0.5%HF 10%FA, 10%MK, 0.75%HF 10%FA, 10%MK, 1.0%HF 15%FA, 15%MK, 0%HF
0.33 PVA (kg/m3) 0 0 1.46 2.19 2.92 0 1.46 2.19 2.92 0 1.46 2.19 2.92 0 1.46 2.19 2.92
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
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FAMK30HF1 FAMK30HF2 FAMK30HF3 FAMK40HF0 FAMK40HF1 FAMK40HF2 FAMK40HF3
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15%FA, 15%MK, 0.5%HF 15%FA, 15%MK, 0.75%HF 15%FA, 15%MK, 1.0%HF 20%FA, 20%MK, 0%HF 20%FA, 20%MK, 0.5%HF 20%FA, 20%MK, 0.75%HF 20%FA, 20%MK, 1.0%HF
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST MIX ID CC FAMK10HF0 FAMK10HF1 FAMK10HF2 FAMK10HF3 FAMK20HF0 FAMK20HF1 FAMK20HF2 FAMK20HF3 FAMK30HF0 FAMK30HF1 FAMK30HF2 FAMK30HF3 FAMK40HF0 FAMK40HF1 FAMK40HF2 FAMK40HF3
7 DAYS 22.1 24.1 27.2 30 17.8 22.5 24.9 20.6 24.1 23.5 17.5 23.28 22.6 19.2 21.02 20.08 17.87
AGE OF CONCRETE 14 DAYS 29.3 36.5 31.4 31.5 31.8 27.05 25.6 23 29.5 25 23.9 26.79 25.6 22.6 26.32 22.67 20.08
28 DAYS 35.67 39.37 33.65 40.9 33.2 33.07 33.9 30.09 29.27 28.49 26.38 29.88 29.97 30.09 29.08 24.12 23.79
7 DAYS 5.34 5.38 3.93 5.5 5.38 4.38 3.24 3.39 2.86 3.72 4.53 4.29 4.36 4.47 4.38 3.57 3.75
AGE OF CONCRETE 14 DAYS 7.79 7.68 6.38 7.95 7.83 6.97 5.69 5.64 4.26 5.32 6.8 6.17 6.58 7.12 5.80 4.78 5.34
28 DAYS 10.67 10.75 7.85 11.00 10.75 8.75 6.48 6.77 5.75 7.43 9.00 8.75 8.75 9.00 8.75 7.13 7.50
FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST MIX ID CC FAMK10HF0 FAMK10HF1 FAMK10HF2 FAMK10HF3 FAMK20HF0 FAMK20HF1 FAMK20HF2 FAMK20HF3 FAMK30HF0 FAMK30HF1 FAMK30HF2 FAMK30HF3 FAMK40HF0 FAMK40HF1 FAMK40HF2 FAMK40HF3
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020
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SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH TEST MIX ID
7 DAYS 1.26 1.22 1.05 1.31 1.11 1.18 1.03 1.31 0.97 0.94 0.67 0.89 0.90 0.97 1.1 0.86 0.79
CC FAMK10HF0 FAMK10HF1 FAMK10HF2 FAMK10HF3 FAMK20HF0 FAMK20HF1 FAMK20HF2 FAMK20HF3 FAMK30HF0 FAMK30HF1 FAMK30HF2 FAMK30HF3 FAMK40HF0 FAMK40HF1 FAMK40HF2 FAMK40HF3
IV.
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AGE OF CONCRETE 14 DAYS 2.34 2.16 1.92 2.44 1.65 2.12 1.89 2.06 1.65 1.73 1.23 1.58 1.63 1.57 1.75 1.64 1.38
28 DAYS 3.12 3.01 2.82 3.15 2.74 2.96 2.62 3.01 2.30 2.32 1.97 2.27 2.27 2.28 2.26 2.27 2.15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020
V.
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CONCLUSION
This experimental research analyzed the physical properties of different materials utilized in this work, Fresh concrete properties, Engineering properties. Based on the Experimental investigation and results following conclusions are obtained.
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September -2020
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[4] [5]
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Influence of fly ash and metakaolin powder combination increases the flow and workability of the concrete up to 40% replacement. Though the inclusion of hybrid fiber content decreased the flow and workability it does not gave any negative impact. Through the fresh concrete test results, all the 17 mixes had satisfied filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of the self compacting concrete parameters. From the mechanical properties tests, the following three optimum mix are obtained Mix 4(FAMK10HF2), Mix 2(FAMK10HF0) and Mix 7 (FAMK20HF1). Hybrid fiber with 0.75% gives ultimate compressive with 5% of fly ash and 5% of metakoalin. Flexural strength has been decreased when the inclusion of fiber is increased. The maximum flexural strength obtained with the 0.75% and 0.5 % of hybrid fiber. Split tensile strength does not have any negative impact in strength, which is moreover equal to nominal mix and mix without fibers. The Seismic behavior of Self Compacting Hybrid fiber concrete is achieved through the mix FAMK10HF2.
VI. [1]
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REFERENCES
Holmes, M. (1961). Steel frames with brickwork and concrete infilling, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 473-478. Smith, B. S. and Carter, C. (1969). A method of analysis for infilled frames, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Vol.7218, 31-48. Mainstone, R. J. and Weeks, G. A. (1970). The influence of bounding frame on the racking stiffness and strength of brick walls, in Proc. 2nd International Brick Masonry Conference, Building Research Establishment, Watford, England, 165-171. ATC (1996). Seismic Evaluation and retrofit of Concrete buildings, Vol. 1, ATC-40 Report, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, California. Federal Emergency Management Agency (1998). Evaluation of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings: Basic Procedures Manual, FEMA-306, Applied Technology Council, Washington DC. FEMA-356 (2000). Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Building Seismic Safety Council, Washington DC.
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