PAPER OF RESULT BASE OF PV SOLAR MODULE OF STAND ALONE SYSTEM WITH MPPT AND POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMEN

e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021

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PAPER OF RESULT BASE OF PV SOLAR MODULE OF STAND ALONE SYSTEM WITH MPPT AND POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT Swapnil G. Tathe*1, Prof. A.V. Naik*2 *1M-Tech

Student, Department Of Electrical Engineering MGM’S JNEC Aurangabad.

Maharashtra, India.

*2Asst.

Professor, Department Of Electrical Engineering MGM’S JNEC Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT The photo voltaic (PV) stand-alone system extends the maximum power from solar PV using a maximum power point tracking system (MPPT) by Pert and uses the P (O&O) method and from electronic DC With the help of DC converter, Improves power quality by sinusoidal pulse width. Modulation (SPWM) technology inverter output harmonic reduction technique that changes the switching frequency of the power MOSFET by changing the switching frequency of the MOSFET, changing the switching frequency of the power MOSFET, their gating signals, automatic battery charging and discharging controllers with the help of electronic circuits The inverter controls the output voltage. Changing the switching frequency of MOSFET, this paper gives ideas about increasing the efficiency of solar system, this paper explains with the help of simulation results.

Keywords: MPPT, SPWM, P&O, PV, MOSFET, INC, IM, AC, DC.

I.

INTRODUCTION

A large number of renewable energy resources are available such as wind, geothermal, hydropower, biomass and solar PV energy. PV Solar is the fastest growing renewable energy source. The PV source is a wired source of energy and is not capable of delivering maximum energy when the PV is directly connected to the load. To extract maximum power from PV solar, we have solar PV using MPPT system Is a technique to adapt.

Connecting electronic DC to DC converter between source, battery, and load. Thus improving the energy efficiency of the PV system. Several control algorithms are available to extract maximum power from PV arrays, Pert and Hour (P&O), constant voltage (CV), MPPT conductor incremental conduction (INC). The most widely used technique for optimization in P&O Is the method. Due to the simplicity and good performance of the P&O method. Pulse Width Modulation: The solar array produced DC power that is converted to AC through an AC inverter. The inverter is a non-linear device that generates harmonics in the output of the inverter that cannot be filtered by the filtering process, which will lead to high quality problems. Which will disturb the sinusoidal AC wave and affect the performance of the AC loads Will increase the temperature of the circuit load, generate variable torque in induction motors, miss operation of variable speed load drive. This technique was used by PWD to eliminate this power quality problem. The PWD technique reduced the harmonics in the output of the inverter by generating a switching signal with the help of comparing the carrier signal with the reference signal.

Battery charge controller: Generate PV energy, Battery Charge Status, Load. It is necessary to manage the energy balance between the battery and the load in order to properly use the battery and protect the battery.

This work is done by charge controllers, among various renewable energy resources, PV energy is the fastest growing renewable energy sources.

II.

METHODOLOGY

A commonly used renewable energy source is a photo voltaic energy source. PV is a solar renewable energy source that is non-linear in nature because it does not remain stable for 24 hours, it varies from time to time and depends on the maximum atmospheric state. When we connect the solar array directly to the load the response results will not get a better response. Because the voltage developed by the solar array is about 20 volts without the MPPT system. This voltage does not remain constant It gives about 20 volts depending on the atmospheric condition during the day of the sun and it gives very little power during cloudy days. Overall lower efficiency of solar PV systems. The V-I characteristics of the PV system do not remain constant at that time, not proportional to the voltage at the rated load, because a rated connected load at the output side is not functioning satisfactorily with lvoltage and power. When PV solar generated DC energy is passed to the www.irjmets.com

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inverter, the inverter is a non-linear device, which changes the AC voltage of the DC in magnitude. Through the step up transformer is approximately 215 volts as in fig. The voltage and current waveform have distortions, which are called harmonics present outside the inverter as shown in fig.1

Fig.1 Harmonics content in the output of the inverter.

The most adverse effect is on the AC loadwhich is not proportional to the applied voltage, so AC loads are almost non-existent in nature, like a single-phase induction motor, electronics converter, this will cause so much damage on electrical equipment Such as temperature rise, low performance, high power consumption, overheating circuit parameters, shortening overall life of equipment Do, these harmonics cannot be fully filtered by the filtering process as these are small harmonics present in the output of the inverter. Small harmonics cannot filter by filter. These include the following and several types of load. Consumer end loads are nonlinear in nature and cause distortion in the wave shape and other components at the frequency that are integral multiples of the fundamental frequency. All frequency combined the wave shape is not a sinusoidal wave shape and forms an irregular shape but is of repetitive nature. Elemental and Third Harmonics: Most of the inverter of the solar system produces third harmonics, which means multiple properties of third.

Harmonics with some dangerous effects. When the live load zero generated energy is dissipated on the solar PV system, the battery is used for the purpose that lithium ion batteries is. The battery stores energy and supplies energy during light loads when the solar array fails to generate energy or change atmospheric conditions at night time. For some time the battery is charged under light load conditions, this reduces battery life or life and does not balance the solar array, battery and load.

III.

MODELING AND ANALYSIS

MPPT technique: Maximum power tracking system is used to obtain maximum power from solar PV array with the help of electronic chopper topology, which is implemented to transfer maximum power from PV array to load or battery. MPPT A variety of techniques have been proposed. These open circuit voltage methods, short circuit current methods, fuzzy logic techniques, incremental conduction, pert and observe. (P & O). Pert and observation is the best method from above because it is simple and efficient. The first solar array is connected to a DC to DC converter. In this P&O method The voltage and current are measured at the output of the solar module and compared with the V-I characteristics. Continuous electronic DC to DC converter is used to maintain V-I characteristics, according to the P&O method with the help of the algorithm solar panel 12 V and 10 watt connected to MPPT system and Battery charge controller the MPPT maintain the characteristics of voltage and current in such war it will extract max power from it that power given to battery through battery charge controller which control the charging of battery the battery of 12 volt and 6 amp current the output of battery connected to inverter section which consist of PWD technique and MOSFET, the signal of PWD technique given to MOSFET gate this will operate according to signals and generate output with low harmonics of 12 volt output AC from DC. inverter output given to step up transformer which will step up 12 to 230 V 50htz which given to 3 watt LED.

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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021

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Fig.2 Flowchart of Perturb & Observe algorithm

Fig.3 block diagram of system

IV.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The simulation and hardware result of project, the result of MMPT system shown in figure 5 the MPPT track the maximum power point and extract maximum power .

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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021

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Fig.4: Simulation Result of MPPT by P&O method Operates, from which signals are generated. And this signal is given to the gate of the DC to DC converter's MOSFET. The MOSFET operates according to the signal and results in maximum power extraction from the PV module and maintains the characteristics. Simulation results of MPPT by P and O method as shown-

Fig.5: Sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique.

The carrier wave is compared with the reference signals and the signal gating signal is generated as shown in Figure 6 which is given to each MOSFIL, respectively. The MOSFET operates according to the signal given to them, the output voltage ripple and current wave are lowered and the output voltage receives control by changing the switching frequency as shown in figure 6.

Fig.6: Output of inverter with SPWM technique In this technique several genera with varying widths of pulse per half cycle are generated which transform lower-order harmonics into larger-order harmonics. Large-order harmonics can be easily filtered by the filtering process and we get pure sinusoidal output as shown in figure 6. The available voltage is 220 volts and the frequency is 50 Hz. Through step up transformer, (24/220 volts) Hardware Of Actually Project: www.irjmets.com

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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021

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Fig .7: Hardware photo copy Harmonic less output of inverter is about 220 volt AC & 50 hertz MPPT output of solar by P&O method about 24 volt.

V.

CONCLUSION

In this paper we have discussed about extracting maximum power from DC to DC converter and maximum power point tracking system with the help of P&O method. The output voltage is calculated to be approximately 12 dc volts. Which is get converted into 220 volt AC by inverter. inverter harmonics is reduced with the help of sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique as the simulation result reaches large harmonics from the small order harmonics in the output of converter which is filtered by the filtering process , we finally get the voltage 220 AC which is harmonics less AC, frequency 50 Hz, low in output wave Harmonics we found near sinusoidal wave form inverters. Various PWM techniques are analyzed.

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