e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
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FORECAST OF COMPRESSION INDEX OF FINE GRAINED SOIL BY UTILIZING ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM Mr. CH. Naga bharath*1, A. Adiseshu*2, B. Sai kumar*3, M. Anil kumar*4, A.V. Anil babu*5, B.V. Chandra Sekhar*6 *1M.Tech,
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru, India.
*2,3,4,5,6Student,
Civil Engineering, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru, India.
ABSTRACT The compression index is one of the important compressibility parameters to determine the settlement calculation for fine-grained soil layers. These parameters can be determined via carrying out lab oedometer test on undisturbed examples. Nonetheless, the test is very tedious and expensive. Subsequently, many exact recipes dependent on regression analysis have been presented to gauge the compressibility parameters using soil index properties. We are making an endeavor on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model for prediction of compressibility parameters To manage the difficulties involved, in this task an endeavor has been made to show property of soil for example Compression index parameter in terms of Depth of foundation (Df), liquid limit (WL), and N value, Fine fraction (ff). The Neuro Fuzzy back propagation network is constructed to show the Compression index. For all the models chosen, Depth of foundation, liquid limit, N value and Fine fraction are taken as input parameters and compression index of soil as yield parameter from essential soil properties. For this reasons 1226 soils test information was gathered from the consultancy cell of Geotechnical Designing Lab, the test outcomes relating a wide scope of soil properties. Among the all out 979 datasets are utilized for training, 183 datasets for checking and staying 62 datasets for testing. Distinctive fluffy models were attempted with Df, N,WL, ff as input boundaries and Cc as output boundary. The architectures developed by varying membership functions for four input parameters are [5 4 4 5] (Gbellmf), [6 4 3 4] (Trapmf), [4 4 3 4] (Gbellmf), [3 3 3 4] (Gbellmf , trapmf), [3 3 4 4] (Gbellmf, trapmf). The best Neuro Fuzzy model is identified by analyzing the performance of different models developed. Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System model with [3 3 4 4] (gbellmf) architecture was found to be quite reasonable in predicting desired output Pictorial presentation of results gives a better idea than quantitative assessment. In this line another attempt has been made for checking the predicted values of compression index of soils with the observed values graphically. A graph is plotted between the predicted values and observed values of output for training and testing process which shows predicted values are close to observed values for all output parameters. Keywords: Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System, Compression index, Depth of foundation, Liquid limit, N, Fine fraction, Gbellmf, Trapmf.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Compression index of a dirt is the most unpredictable property to understand considering the large number of elements known to influence it. A great deal of maturity and ability might be required with respect to the specialist in deciphering the consequences of the laboratory tests for application to the conditions in the field. So as to adapt to the above complexities, customary types of building displaying approaches are reasonably streamlined. An elective methodology, which has given some guarantee in the field of geotechnical building, is Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Framework (ANFIS).In these examination Compression index (cc) for soils are predicted utilizing Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Framework (ANFIS). ANFIS model is created utilizing NN device in MATLAB programming (7.5.0). In the paper an endeavor has been made to demonstrate Compression index as far as Profundity of establishment (Df) Fine Division (FF), Fluid Cutoff (WL), and N esteem. An Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
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Inference Framework is utilized to display the compression index . The best fuzzy model is distinguished by investigating the exhibition of various models examined.
II.
ANFIS ARCHITECTURE
The ANFIS is a fuzzy Sugeno model placed in the structure of adaptive frameworks to encourage learning and variation. Such structure makes the ANFIS modeling more systematic and less dependent on master information. To introduce the ANFIS architecture, two fuzzy on the off chance that rules dependent on a first request Sugeno model are thought of: Rule 1: In the event that (x is A1) and (y is B1) at that point (f1 = p1x + q1y + r1) Rule 2: In the event that (x is A2) and (y is B2) at that point (f2=p2x + q2y + r2) where x and y are the inputs, A1 and B1 are the fuzzy sets, f1 are the outputs inside the fuzzy district indicated by the fuzzy standard, P1, q1 and r1 are the plan boundaries that are resolved during the training cycle. Fig. 1, represents the thinking instrument for this Sugeno model where it is the premise of the ANFIS model.
Fig.1: A two-input first-order Sugeno fuzzy
Fig.2: ANFIS architecture
model with two rules The ANFIS architecture to execute these two principles is appeared in Fig.2, in which a circle shows a fixed node, while a square demonstrates an adaptive node. Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference framework essentially has 5 layer architectures and every one of the function is clarified in detail later. In the main layer, all the nodes are adaptive nodes. The outputs of layer 1 are the fuzzy membership evaluation of the inputs. In the subsequent layer, the nodes are fixed nodes. They are labeled with π, showing that they proceed as a straightforward multiplier. In the third layer, the nodes are likewise fixed nodes labeled by N, to demonstrate that they assume a standardization part to the terminating qualities from the past layer. In the fourth layer, the nodes are adaptive. The output of every node in this layer is basically the result of the standardized terminating quality and a first request polynomial (for a first request Sugeno model). In the fifth layer, there is just one single fixed node labeled with Σ. This node plays out the summation of every approaching sign. Fig .3 shows the variety in the Sugeno model that is proportionate to a two-input first-request Sugeno fuzzy model with nine principles, where each input is expected to have three related MFs. Fig .4 represents how the two dimensional input space is divided into nine covering fuzzy districts, every one of which is administered by a fuzzy if-then standard. As such, the reason part of a standard characterizes a fuzzy district, while the subsequent part specifies the output inside the area.
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
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Fig.3: Two-input first-order Sugeno fuzzy model with nine rules
Fig.4: The input space that are partitioned into nine fuzzy regions
III.
DATA USED FOR TRAINING AND TESTING
It has a sum of 1226 information with 4 inputs and 1 output. The information is separated into 3 segment which are training, checking and application. Training information has 979 examples, checking takes around 183 examples and the rest which is 62 examples are utilized for testing purposes. The run of the mill standardized information utilized for training stage is introduced in Table 1 and in Table 2 presents the ordinary standardized information utilized for testing stage. As this venture completely utilize the MATLAB programming, it is prudent to know its information the board framework. To work with mfiles and information, all records are put in an envelope remembered for the MATLAB working way. The working way is an assortment of organizers where MATLAB look through documents when these are called. Any document situated external this way will be undetectable to MATLAB. Table-1: Indicating typical input and output values of training data Liquid
Density
N value
Fine fraction
Compression index (%)
Limit (%)
(gm/cc)
45
1.54
9
87
0.12
54
1.502
13
87
0.135
45
1.649
19
92
0.125
40
1.656
33
88
0.122
40
1.675
34
82
0.11
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(%)
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
Impact Factor- 5.354
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36
1.69
45
88
0.105
40
1.695
42
88
0.107
36
1.705
57
86
0.105
50
1.657
7
86
0.120
Table-2: Indicating typical input and output values of checking data Liquid limit (%)
Density
N value
(gm/cc)
Compression index
(%)
(%)
47
1.183
17
85
0.333
71
1.52
19
85
0.549
35
1.33
24
48
0.225
24
1.32
25
43
0.126
20
1.36
21
19
0.09
81
1.29
29
69
0.639
35
1.26
25
91
0.225
34
1.35
23
57
0.216
25
1.32
28
61
0.135
18
1.39
21
11
0.072
70
1.29
19
92
0.54
37
1.3
20
80
0.243
81
1.28
18
94
0.639
37
1.28
6
86
0.243
54
1.35
23
59
0.396
84
1.31
18
63
0.666
IV.  
Fine fraction
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The comparision among observed and predicted compression index esteems are appeared in table 3. The chart plotted among observed and predicted compression index esteems are appeared in fig .5. Table-3: Observed Values Vs Predicted Values Liqui d Limit (%) 29 29 23 26 25 30
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Dry Density (gm/cc)
N value
Fine fraction (%)
Observed Compression Index (%)
Predicted Compression Index (%)
1.047 1.052 1.063 0.975 1.001 0.748
19 26 30 12 10 22
61.3 43.4 46 81 54.2 49.6
0.171 0.171 0.117 0.144 0.135 0.18
0.157 0.1756 0.1305 0.0981 0.1281 0.1268
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020 Liqui d Limit (%) 29 47 68 59 92 64 39 38 35 35 30 34 35 31 35 34
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Dry Density (gm/cc)
N value
Fine fraction (%)
Observed Compression Index (%)
Predicted Compression Index (%)
0.753 0.906 0.812 0.785 0.872 0.695 0.852 0.963 0.758 0.803 0.741 0.652 0.752 0.771 0.854 0.778
8 26 26 6 16 11 10 14 6 8 8 8 2 5 5 2
62.2 62.6 96.5 96.8 99.7 91.6 77 72.5 86.6 92.3 75.6 94.6 93.4 82.6 86.3 77.9
0.171 0.333 0.522 0.441 0.738 0.486 0.261 0.252 0.225 0.225 0.18 0.216 0.225 0.189 0.225 0.216
0.1972 0.2938 0.5599 0.4453 0.7324 0.4514 0.2962 0.2527 0.2518 0.2329 0.1922 0.2279 0.2271 0.1678 0.2897 0.2289
Fig 5: Calculated vs. Predicted Table-4: Results of ANFIS Models Model
M
Rules
Epochs
1 2 3
[5 4 4 5] [6 4 3 4] [4 4 3 4]
400 288 192
1000 500 500
4
[3 3 3 4]
108
500
5
[3 3 4 4]
144
500
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Membership Functions (mf) Gbellmf Trapmf Gbellmf 1,2 – gbellmf 3,4 – Trapmf 1,2 - gbellmf 3,4 – Trapmf
TIME TAKEN (Hours) 15.9 12.8 11.0
0.656 0.607 0.668
9.8
0.864
10.4
0.954
R²
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
V.
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CONCLUSION
Among the all out 979 datasets are utilized for training, 183 datasets for checking and staying 62 datasets for testing. Distinctive fuzzy models were attempted with Df, N,WL, ff as input boundaries and Cc as output parameter. The important training and testing of information was conveyed with the proposed model. Based on this a [3 3 4 4] Gauss bell Architecture function is proposed. This is the principal model for predicting the Compression index of soils utilizing Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Framework.
VI.
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