Color Theory + Application for the Built Environment Final Book of Maria Isabel Segura

A p p l i c at i o n f o r t he B ui l t Env ironment IND 5325 Spring 2020 Maria Isabel Segura

Table of Contents

M.1

M.2

M.3

M .4

Co l o r + Yo u

C ol or+ Cul ture

Col or+ Theo r y

C o lo r+Design ers

This module is a reflection about Who am I?

This module analyzes the use of color in t wo dif ferent countries.

This module is about the basic concepts of the Color Theor y.

This module analyzes how 2 designers used the color in the Pompidou.

M.5

M.6

M.7

M .8

Co l o r + Per c e p t i on+ Behavioral response

C ol or+ F i l m

Col or+ R r y th m + Ba l a nc e

C o lo r+E mph asis +Retail

This module analyzes why the color is emotionally subjective.

This module analyses how the color was used in the film “The Life of Pi�.

M.9

M.9.1

M.10

M .1 0 .1

Co l o r + H os p i t al i t y

Color+Scale+Unit y

Col or+ Workplace

C o lo r+Variet y

This module analyses the use of color in a hospitalit y environment.

This module analyses these t wo crucial concepts on the Color Theor y.

This module analyses the use of color in a work environment.

This module analyses one of the main concepts of the Color Theor y.

This module analyses these t wo crucial concepts on the Color Theor y.

This module analyses the use of color in a retail store.

M.1

Who are you?

M aj or : Masters in Interior Architecture

Year : 1st year graduate

Degr e es & Af f i l i at i o n s: I am a young Architect from Costa Rica who loves to design for social causes.

1 Costa Rica / Grad 5 / Healthcare / Children Hospital

Wh y yo u st ud y de sig n?

Since I have always been a creative individual, so, for this reason, I decided to pursue a career in Architecture in Costa Rica, Universit y. Having an Architectural background, Interior Design has always been one of my greatest dreams; hence, I decided to make that dream into a realit y and get my master’s in Interior Architecture here at F. I.U.

2 Costa Rica / Me at Kindergarten

3

Costa Rica / Grad 4 / Recreational / Yoga Center

Costa Rica / Grad 3 / Recreational / Lanscaping

4

5 Costa Rica / Grad 4 / Residential / Senior Residence

WHER E are yo u f ro m ?

I was born and raised in Costa Rica.

WHAT is yo ur cult ural b a c k g r o u n d ?

I am from a Latin background since my parents are from Cuba and Nicaragua.

WHO is yo ur f am ily c o m p o s i ti o n ?

WH E RE h av e you l i v ed?

I have lived in Costa Rica and Miami.

WH E N d i d yo u beco m e f ocu sed on design?

My family is composed by my parents and t wo brothers and a sister.

I became interested in design since I was a child, I started my creative development in Kindergarten but I sharpened it in High School.

WHAT are yo ur circum s ta n c e s ?

WH AT fa ct o r s h av e af f ect ed you r

WHAT La ng ua g es d o y o u s p e a k ?

I would say that moving to a new countr y without understanding so well the language and to be far away from my mother.

I moved to the US 2 years ago.

My mother language is Spanish and I learned Englished when I moved here. I can understand a little bit of Italian.

p a th ?

TR AVELING

is one of my passions! I believe that traveling is one of the best ways to learn about culture and traditions. Hence, I dream to visit places of great architectural relevance, especially the pyramids of Egypt, the Tower of Pisa and the Temple of Artemis.

At this moment in my life, I travel only on vacation to visit my family in Costa Rica.

¨A jou rney o f a t ho s a u n d m i l e s

6

Costa Rica

must b e g ing w it h a s i n g l e s te p . ¨ L a o Tz u

7

Egipt

8

Greece

Phot ogra p hy

Re a d i n g

Gy m

Dr i n k co f f e e wi t h f r i en ds

I love taking pictures of landscapes and family moments.

In personal, I like to read a lot about Psychology and Self-reflection topics.

Practicing exercise has allowed me to develop discipline and perseverance in my life, so I usually go to the gym from Monday to Friday.

9

10

11

I loved to going out and sharing qualit y time with the people I love, so I like to explore new places to share a cof fee and a conversation with the people I appreciate.

12

C olor !

My favorite color is lime green because it relates to refresh, renewal, peace, calming, verdant, nature, health, and growth. Nonetheless, I do not like brown because I use to relate it with trash.

Regarding my clothes, I prefer neutral colors to wear so most of my clothes are white, black and beige. Although some days I like to dress with vibrant and striking colors such as red, orange, blue and purple.

My preference for color palettes are the following t wo:

13

14

HE+AR.T:CARDIOTECTURA María Isabel Segura Ruiz.

Costa Rica / Grad 5 / Healthcare / Children Hospital

15

Images & info References

1. Personal Photo 2. Personal Photo 3. Studio Render by my self 4. Studio Render by my self 5. Studio Render by my self 6. Personal Photo 7. https://w w w.youtube.com/watch?v=3bmJDQFf5Us 8. https://w w w.youtube.com/watch?v=VwFmo-UaV3M 9. Photo by my self “Bahamas” 10. http://w w w.gina-perr y.com/2014/07/27/fiction-and-flaws-in-social-psych-tex tbooks/ 11. http://frameimage.org/fiu-gym/ 12. http://w w w.photoa xe.com/how-to-photograph-a-hot-steaming-cup-of-cof fee-or-tea/ 13. Personal Photo 14. Personal Photo 15. Studio Render by my self

M.2

Culture+color

M y

C o u n t r y

i s

a

Tr o p i c a l

P a r a d i s e

1

2

B u d d h i s m’ H o m e & C o l o r f u l L a n d s c a p e s

3

4

5

6

M y C o u n tr y . ..

C o lo r a nd Sym b ol is m Bl ue... is used

to represents the sk y, opportunities, idealism, and perseverance.

Red... stands for the blood spilt by mart yrs for independence, as well as the warmth and generosit y of the people.

W hi t e... is associated with the peace, wisdom and happiness.

Orange... is a tropical color that is present in a lot of the landscapes. Also, is used to represent the tropical life and the friendship of the Costa Ricans.

Costa Rica is a tropical paradise located in Central America. My countr y is known for its beautiful and colorful landscapes, the friendliness of Costa Ricans, its culture, rich food, and the traditional “Pura V ida!”. Also, Costa Rica is known for its long-standing and stable democracy, and for its highly educated workforce, most of whom speak English. On the other hand, my countr y is worldwide known by the its criteria established to measure environmental sustainabilit y, so the majorit y of its electricit y generated from green sources, particularly, hydro, solar, geothermal and biomass. Hence, Costa Rica plans to become a carbon-neutral countr y by 2021.

Part of this ef fort has been done with the intention of preser ved the fabulous and colorful landscapes. In brief, my countr y is a natural and ver y colorful treasure of Central America, and I feel ver y proud of it.

G re en... is one of the most important colors in Costa Rica due to this color represents the invaluable nature that the countr y has.

Yel l o w... is a tropical color that is

used to represent one of the national symbols, “The Carreta” which represent the most ancient and traditional means of transportation. Also, this color is used to represent the sun.

A

Tr o p i c a l

P a r a d i s e

A Countr y that I wish to know one day ...

C o lo r a nd Sym b ol is m P urpl e... is present in the amazing landscapes of Thailand, and it is often associated with the mourning of a widow.

This color is used on Saturday.

G o l d... in Thailand is reser ved for

the use of Buddhism temples and is considered a sacred color.

Bl ue... is the national color of Thailand

and represents the monarchy. Also, this color is used on Friday.

W hi t e... is one of the most important colors in Thailand because this color symbolizes purit y and represents the Buddhism religion.

The name of this country has its origin from the word “Thai” which means “free”, so Thailand means “land of the free”. I wish to know this country because it is a treasure of tropical vegetation, rainforest, wildlife, and the home of Buddhism. Hence, Thailand’s culture and tradition are a living mirror of its amazing color mix.

Bangkok is the largest city in Thailand and the house of the Grand Palace, which is an architectural treasure. Moreover, this country is famously by the celebration of the Songkran, or water festival, which is the traditional Thai New Year and the longest celebrated holiday.

During these day women perform the traditional dance of the Fawn Lep wearing traditional and colorful costumes. On the other hand, Thailand has amazing beaches, mountains, and landscapes that are invaluable. In brief, Thailand is a colorful country that has a lot of traditions and, also, is rich in nature.

Red... is

used to symbolize the bloodshed by Thailand to maintain its independence. Also, this color is used on Sunday.

Yel l o w...

is associated with the Buddhism religion and the Thai national flower, also, represents royalt y and wealth. It is used on Monday.

T h e B u d d h i s m’ h o m e

7

8

9

10

Images & info References

1. https://i.ytimg.com/vi/gzDLDSF7sWo/ma xresdefault.jpg 2. https://w w w.indus.travel/upload_data/tour/slider/slider_599e7ee525af3_shutterstock_410934709.jpg 3. http://pushbuttonpoetr y.blogspot.com/2011_06_01_archive.html 4. https://w w w.journeylatinamerica.com/destinations/costa-rica/holidays/tanager-flora-and-fauna-of-costa-rica 5. http://w w w.viajejet.com/wp-content/viajes/Traje-tipico-de-Costa-Rica.jpg 6. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte_de_Costa_Rica 7. https://w w w.saga.co.uk/contentlibrar y/saga/publishing/verticals/travel/destinations/asia/thailand-histor y-and-culture.jpg 8. https://get.pxhere.com/photo/bangkok-thailand-buddha-thai-culture-temple-building-buddhism-statuegold-silence-wat-arun-capital-cities-gold-colored-group-of-objects-horizontal-large-group-of-objects-nopeople-photography-religion-spiritualit y-symbols-of-peace-tranquil-scene-1369376.jpg 9. https://i.pinimg.com/originals/1e/13/13/1e13130d04aaaa9474d85c350ef205b0.jpg 10.https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5219f37ce4b0e e587905ac5a/1481777381631Q E P S R O 4 F H K W A I D 5 4 4 H 4 W / k e 1 7 Z w d G B To d d I 8 p D m 4 8 k D z 3 5 O t Y P F 2 A b X E d n h K L Z b V 7 g Q a 3 H 7 8 H 3 Y 0 t x j a i v _ 0 f D o O v x c d M m M K k D s y U q M S s M W x H k 7 2 5 y i i H C C L f r h 8 O 1 z 4 Y Tz H v n K h y p 6 D a NYroOW3ZGjoBKy3azqku80C789l0k6sq9GEl9ZUDkp1sRKcAyKjwcOxUY-gLpCfRpbqSlchfEBA9yos75qGN MfXOOUdkQ/songkran+thailand.jpg

M.3

color+Theory

Def init io n...

According to Ron Reed color theor y is the study and practice of a set of principles used to understand the relationships among colors.However, it is important to point out that without light, there is no color.

Terms: H u e : It refers to the Pure Color.

Value: It refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.

Chroma: It refers to the purity of a color.

Tint: It is produced when white is added to a color.

Tone: It is produced when gray is added to a color.

Pr oper t ies o f Lig ht :

Shade: It is produced when black is added to a color.

Reflection: It occurs when light strikes an object and reflects a color.

Chromatic: It refers to all color minus black, white, and gray.

Dif fraction: It occurs when light is partially obstructed.

Subtractive Color: It results when light bends as a result when one or more rays moves through a light medium to another.

Pure Hue: It is a color void of any white, gray or black.

Achromatic: It refers to black, white, and gray.

Primar y Hues: They are red, blue, and yellow.

Secondar y Hues: They are violet, green, and orange.

Tertiar y Hues: They are red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, and red-orange.

Complementar y: They are colors that result from two colors opposite one another on the color wheel.

Types o f co lo r m ix in g :

A T ip to consider...

RGB:

CMYK:

OR Additive Color.

They involves mixing light.

OR Subtractive Color.

They involves mixing pigment.

Used for digital and Web Media.

Used for Print Media.

Color materials and light should be selected simultaneously in order to obtain harmony within the interiors.

Images & info References

1.https://tubikstudio.com/color-theor y-brief-guide-for-designers/

M.4

color+DESIGNERS

1

P a r i s , F r a n c e B y R i c h a r d

R o g e r s

&

R e n z o

P i a n o

W ho is Re n z o Pi a n o ?

He is an italian architect who was born in 1937.

Renzo is worldwide known by the design of several famous projects and his af finit y for the high-tech designed projects.

Piano was born into a family of builders, so this background inspired and pushed him to pursue a career in architecture. He graduated from the Polytechnic in Milan in 1964. Since then, he worked with a variet y of architects and builders, including his father, until he established a partnership with Rogers from 1970 to 1977 in order to design the Pompidou Centre. After that Renzo has been worked under his own design firm in which his interest in technology and modern solutions to architectural problems have been denoted in all his designs.

To sum up, Renzo has received numerous awards and prizes because of his unique architectural work. Some of them are the Japan Art Association’s Praemium Imperiale prize for architecture (1995), the Pritzker Architecture Prize (1998), and the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal (2008).

2

W h o i s Re n z o Ri c h a r d Ro g e r s?

He is an Italian-born British architect who was born in 1933. Rogers studied architecture at the Architectural Association in London (1954–59) and Yale Universit y (1961–62). After his graduation, he returned to London to open a firm, Team 4, in partnership with his then-wife, Su Brumwell, and a married couple. However, in 1977 Rogers created the Richard Rogers Partnership which is a wellknown architectural firm.

Like Piano, he is best known for the design of the Pompidou Centre and his af finit y for the hightech architecture. Also, his spectacular Lloyds of London sk yscraper (1978–86), a highly polished mechanistic tower in which a rectangular core surrounds a central atrium, made him able to gain more international fame.

3

Rochers is a worldwide reference architect, so he has won several awards, including the Japan Art Association’s Praemium Imperiale prize for architecture in 2000 and the Pritzker Prize in 2007.

In 1995 he became the first architect to deliver the annual BBC Reith Lectures, a series of radio talks.

S o me fa c ts th a t y o u s h o u l d k n o w abou t th e Po m p i d o u C e n tr e . . .

This museum is one of the most visited places in France and is situated in the 4th arrondissement at the heart of the French capital. Since its inauguration in 1977, this iconic building has been the source of many criticisms due to its’ implied futuristic design. Hence. some called it an eyesore and others praised its high-tech architecture made up of colorful pipes and massive steel struts.

4 Color Palette

pi pes’ C o l o r Sys t e m One of the distinctive features of the Centre Pompidou is their striking presence of color. In other words, two pairs of complementary colors ( blue, red, yellow and green ) clothe the structure and enliven the façade. Also, white is used to denote the presence of the structure.

Bl ue... is used for the circulating air (air

Discoverig the Pompidou Centre!

The Pompidou Centre is an architectonic iconic masterpiece in which the façade is an outstanding piece of architecture from the late 20th century. The Pompidou Centre is an architectonic iconic masterpiece in which the façade is an outstanding piece of architecture from the late 20th century.

conditioning).

Yel l o w...

is

used

for

circulating

electricit y.

Red... is used for circulating people (escalators and lifts).

G re en... is used for circulating water.

W hi t e... is used to denote the presence

of the chimney and the main structure of the project.

One fact that makes this museum so special is that it was designed to free up ma ximum gallery space within it, so it is known ‘inside-out museum‘. Another interesting data, about this iconic masterpiece, is the facade color codding that the architects decided to use.

In this manner, walls and the internal structures were put outside the building, so the infrastructure was covered by enormous colorful and contrasting tubes.

5

Color Palette

6

Color Palette

One day a journalist wrote in Le Figaro newspaper: “Paris has its own monster, just like the one in Loch Ness“ due to its particular and colorful futuristic design, so let’s analyze the principles which were used by the architects to decide how to combine the colors in the facades.

1 . Use o f Co nt ra st s:

2 . C o l o r c l a ssi f i cat i on i n :

Two pairs of contrasting colors were used:

Two pairs of contrasting colors were used:

Pr i m a r y Red Red

B l ue

Secondar y & Gre e n Gre en

Ye l l ow

A c h r o m a ti c Whi te

Blu e

Yello w

Color Palette

P o m p i d o u C o l o r f u l Facades The Pompidou Centre Facades were designed following a contrast about the way in which the architects decided to split the pipes along them, so, finally, they decided to group the mechanical pipes on one side and the circulation enormous pipe on the other side.

7

Color Palette

“On t he P iazza sid e, a n d o u ts i d e t he usab le v o lume , a l l p u b l i c movem ent f acilit ies h a v e b e e n cent r if uged . O n t he o pp o s i te s i d e , all t he t echnica l eq u i p m e n t a n d pipeline s ha v e b e e n c e n tr i fu g e d .

E ach f lo o r is t hus co m p l e te l y fr e e , and it c an b e use d f o r a l l fo r m s o f cult ur al act iv it ies- b o th k n o w n a n d ye t t o b e d isco v e r e d . �

R enzo P ia n o

8

Images & info References

1. https://w w w.absolutearts.com/printmaking/other/asbjorn-lonvig-centre-pompidou,-paris-1477775582.html Centre Pompidou, Paris Printmaking By Asbjorn Lonvig 2. https://nuvomagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Renzo-Piano-60-copyright_David-ParryRoyal-Academy-of-Arts.jpg 3. https://cdnimd.worldarchitecture.org/extuploadc/richardrogers_imagebyphilfisk.jpg 4. https://frenchmoments.eu/pompidou-centre-paris/ The Pompidou Centre from rue Beaubourg Š French Moments 5. https://img-4.linternaute.com/QlZbQvzJaW6uUq8zMmAmNcr7qM4=/1240x/smart/4c2bb934542d437fa73421a1c662e841/ccmcms-linternaute/10552486.jpg 6.https://media.cntraveler.com/photos/57f26fc59630feea086fbd88/master/w_1200,c_limit/centre-pompidou-paris-cr-getty-102893627.jpg 7. http://d1ta x zy whomyrl.cloudfront.net/s3/ag-images-eu/17/e8501ad04166fdb069f07ed02f f151c2.jpg 8. https://www.lovehappensmag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/koket-love-happens-the-centre-pompidou.jpg

M.5

color+BEHAVIOR

C olor + Percep t io n + Be h a v i o r Because color is emotionally subjective are some factors that we can use, as interior designers, in order to select a color. Some of them include trends, st yles, and aesthetics; behavioral and emotional responses, the symbolic meaning based on age, gender, and cultural dif ferences as well as pragmatic values and personal preferences.

Color & Health: Ch romot h er a py o r C o l o r The r a p y r e f e r s t o t h e p r act i ce in w h ich co l o r e d l i ght a nd the co l o r p r e s e n ce i n t o the en vironme nt a r e us e d to tre at an d cu r e s p e ci f i c illn esses, i n ge ne r a l , to br i ng h e al t h .

Color & Space: Color is a Key Component when we tend to create our first impression of the space due to it has the abilit y to af fect the size, shape, mass, and the volume of the interiors.

C o l o r Re spo n ses: Our color perception and experience can be categorized into: Lumi nosi t y o r Satu ratio n : Through the perceptions of Bright/dull, light/dark.

Em oti ona l Attach men t: If the color Like or Dislike.

Cha ra c te r o r mo o d: Through the expressed to a particular obser ved.

Soc i a l a nd C u ltu ral biases: The reactions that these characteristics have caused into our psyche.

T ips to consider...

It t en’s 7 Typ e s o f C o l o r C o n tr a s t:

1 Contrast of Saturation or Intensit y

Light/Dark Contrast

Contrast Complementary Simultaneous of Ex tension Contrast Contrast

Contrast of Hue

Cool/Warm Contrast

2. In monochromatic spaces applying small amounts of the hue’s complement can decrease the monotony and visual boredom.

It t en’s Co lo r ans S h a p e A s s o c i a ti o n s :

2 Power Strenght Stimulation Stabilit y

Knowledge Creativit y

The angularity of symbolizing weightlessness

Rela xation Motion “Celestial”

Spiritualit y Myster y Wisdom Purit y Intuition

Nature Growth Life Renewal

1. Color has a direct relationship over the room’s temperature that is perceived and experienced.

3. To avoid confusion use a color proportion scheme.

Images & info References

1.https://krist ycolourmanagementandworkflow.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/7-color-contrast.jpg 2. http://www.stackprinter.com/export?service=ux.stackexchange&question=27892&printer=false&linktohome=true

M.6 color+movie

Movie’s p lo t : The film “Life of Pi” is a movie, directed by Ang Lee, that was premiered in 2012. In addition, this film is an adaptation that was made based on the novel, of the same name, published in 2001 by Yann Martel. In brief, both the novel and the film are based on the great philosophical and spiritual meaning of faith, love, and hope was lived through Pi, the main character.

2. The second part tells the main part of the movie, the shipwreck where Pi and his family, along with the zoo animals, were heading to Canada to start a new life.

The film’s plot is divided into three parts to consider:

To sum up, adventure, faith, drama, fantasy, and hope are 5 perfect words used to describe this film which captivates us with its philosophical and spiritual theme, at the same time, love for life becomes the Pi’s hope during his journey of 227 days at sea.

Throughout the film, the appropriate use of color in the scenes reinforce their content.

1. The first part refers to the childhood of Piscine Molitor Patel, best know as Pi. He was born and raised in Pondicherr y, the French part of India. He and his family were the owners of the local zoo, so Pi always had a near relationship with animals.

3. Finally, the last part of the film occurs when t wo Japanese men, who are doing an investigation about the shipwreck, visit Pi in the hospital to hear his stor y about what he remembers.

“Sur vival is a state of mind”

1

Co lo rs a nd Sym bo l is m Dark-gre en... is used to represent the natural characteristic of India.

L i ght -gre en... is used to reinforced the youth of the main character in the scene.

Yel l o w... and its varieties is a common color in India. In this scene, it is associated with vitalit y and cheerfulness of Pi.

Orange... is the sacred color for the Hinduism, where it is called Saf fron. In this contex t, this color symbolizes purit y.

Analogous Color Palette

2 Scene No.1 [ P i ’ s y o u t h i n I n d i a ] It is this scene, are used colors that highlight the culture of India. Hence, a color palette of cultural colors is used with the intention of highlighting Pi’s youth, which took place in Pondicherry, the French part of India.

Co l o rs a nd S ymbo l i s m Bl a c k. . . is used to reinforce the death

and the bad luck which are primordial into this scene.

Bl u e . . . is used in this scene to evoke

sadness, isolation, and loneliness of the main character, so the color is used due to its negative associations.

N a v y - bl u e . . . is present in this scene to reinforce the feeling of strength present in the interior of Pi.

L i gh t- bl u e . . .

3 Scene No.2 [ T s i m t s u m s h i p w r e c k ] The wreck of the Tsimtsum, a ship in which were Pi and his family, is the fact that marks the begun of the film’s clima x. In addition, it is important to remember that this happened above the Mariana Trench, the deepest spot on Earth; hence, this scene uses colors that make us reflect on the true meaning that life has, in turn, reinforce the negative feeling of the scene through the use of cold colors.

is associated with reflectiveness, so it is present in the scene with the intention to reflect on the meaning of life.

Monochromatic Color Palette

Co lo rs a nd Sym bo l is m Orange... is the sacred color for the

Hinduism, where it is called Saf fron. In this contex t, this color symbolizes purit y.

Also, is related with strenght.

G o l d... is related to the wisdom, and, with the divine. Hence, in rge scene is used to reinforced the present of God.

L i ght -yel l o w... is related to the sun, so in this scene, it reinforced the hope of a new beginning with ever y new day.

Yel l o w... is a color that represents

hope, optimism, and self-esteem.

Hence, it is used to reinforce the meaning of life.

Warm Color Palette

4 Scene No.3 [ P i ’ s l i f e b o a t l o s t o n t h e h o r i z o n ] This scene is very meaningful since it represents hope and the love of life. Warm colors are used wisely to reinforce the optimism and hope that each new day is a new opportunity to reach land, while the ship represents the desire to live and the importance of moving forward and surpassing ourselves in life.

Co l o rs a nd S ymbo l i s m N a v y - Bl u e . . . is present in this scene to reinforce the serenit y and calm present in the Ocean.

L i gh t- bl u e . . .

is associated with gentleness, so it is present in the scene’s sk y with the intention of reinforcing the vitalit y of life.

Da r k- gr e e n . . . is associated with

the carnivorous nature of the island, so it represents poison, nausea, and disease.

L i gh t- gr e e n . . . is used in the scene

5 Scene No.4 [ T h e f l o a t i n g i s l a n d ] The colors were selected with the intention of showing two contrasting realities, good and evil, as well as calm and dangerous.

Hence, the hope of a new day is present by the clear sky contrasts the blue of the ocean; on the other hand, the light-green reinforces the life present on the island during the day. However, the negative side of the green is used to represent the carnivorous nature of the island present at night, so it is associated with poison and disease.

to represent renewal due to the food, sweet water, and animals that were found on the island during the day.

Cool Color Palette

Conclusion This movie represents a great lesson in life, faith, and hope due to this were the elements that maintain alive a Pi Patel after the shipwreck, and during his journey of 227 at sea. It is important to point out that, in a struggle to survive, Pi and the tiger form an unexpected connection, but finally this connection represents the reflexion of the strength and value of PI. In brief, the visuals of the film were beautiful and breathtaking, full of color that evoke many feelings and sensations in the spectators.

6

Ref er enc es o f I nf o & I m a g e s 1. https://savageandtheslumdogs.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/pi-patel-life-of-pi-16191-1920x1200-1.jpg 2. Screenshot of the film taken by me 3. Screenshot of the film taken by me 4. Screenshot of the film taken by me 5. Screenshot of the film taken by me 6. https://siphesihlentombelamecs707.wordpress.com/film-review-life-of-pi/ 7.

M.7

Balance+rhythm

What is B a lance?

It refers to the existing relationship of dif ferent hues to one another when each is perceived to be equal in perceived visual weight. In design terms, it is important to do a dif ference bet ween physical balance and perceived or optimal balance. However, in general, balance is classified into these three main t ypes:

Asymmetr y or Formal Balance: It occurs when the arrangement of elements, on either side of an implied a xis, are not equally balanced, so they dif fer in shape and form.

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Symmetr y or Formal Balance:

Radial Balance:

It refers to the arrangement of elements on either side of an implied a xis that are equally balanced, also they have the same shape and form, in other words, a mirror image.

T h i s t y p e o f balanc e is ac hi ev ed by the equal r o t at i o n o f d e sign elements around a c entral a xi s.

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Types of Co lo r B alance : Value Contrast (Light / Dark):

Hue Balance (Complements):

Th is kin d o f ba l a nc e i s us e d to s h o w or emph a s i z e di f fe r e nc e s be t w e e n t wo object s .

i t i s w h e n co m p l e m e n t ar y co lors are p l ace d n e x t t o o n e an o t h e r intensi f y t h e o t h e r h u e , m aki n g e ach t o appear b r i g h t e r.

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Intensit y Contrast (Bright / Dull):

Size of Color Area (Large / Small):

Gen erally spe a k i ng, l i ght c o l o r s w i l l a ppear clo s e r a nd vi s ua l l y l ig h t ; i n con t rast, d a r k e r c o l o r s wi l l ap p e ar farth er a wa y a nd vi s ua l l y he a vie r.

Generally speaking, the larger the amount of color used, the lighter it will appear; on the other hand, the smaller the amount of color used, the darker it will appear.

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Why is the i m por t an ce t h e Col or Bal an ce?

Because it is the most critical in establishing harmony and unit y within an interior.

What is R hyt hm ?

It refers to the movement, so in Interior Design this sensation can be emphasized with the use of color. In other words, it is the representation, recurrence, or sequencing of similar design elements into the built environment in order to create a pattern.

Bio-inspired: I t o ccu r s w hen nature i s the sourc e that p r o v i d e s inspi rati on for i nteri or desi gners.

Fractal Image 8

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5 Typ es o f R yth m Repetition: It is the systematic orderly succession of equal design elements along a path.

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Alternation: It occurs when t wo distinct design elements are repeated throughout a sequence.

Progression: I t i s t h e r epeti tion of si mil ar elements w i t h a continuous c hange.

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C o n t i n u a t i o n o r Tr a n s i t i o n : It is the placement of one or more colors to create a fluid movement of the eye among the composition parts through space.

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Radiation: It is a concentric color arrangement to create a visual movement by unif ying design elements.

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Images & info References

1. https://alvalyn.com/the-basics-of-visual-balance/ 2. https://alvalyn.com/the-basics-of-visual-balance/ 3. https://alvalyn.com/the-basics-of-visual-balance/ 4. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lLTSfb53Bjs/VX XaZxKFX5I/A A A A A A A ABRU/JW-uH6sdIhE/s640/balance.jpg 5. Done by me 6. https://i.pinimg.com/originals/56/f6/9b/56f69b75056e87f72b853e989527cf86.png 7. https://jriazzi1.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/color-relativity.jpg 8. https://inancy.files.wordpress.com/2016/06/rhythm.png?w=542&h=1589.

9. https://www.deviantart.com/gravitymoves/art/Pretty-spiral-fractal-png-594750860 10. Done by me 11. Done by me 12.Done by me 13. Done by me 14. https://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/digital-illustration-of-indian-circular-pattern-dorling-kindersley.jpg

M.8

color+retail

What is Emphasis?

Retail Analysis

For designers, emphasis is

“En” is a new retail space of 150 square feet occupying an 18th-centur y building in the center of Paris. Hence, this is the first brick and mortar shop

defined as a tool for creating points of interest not only for aesthetic purposes but also to orient users of the space.

of Japanese cosmetics brand “En”, which is designed by Archiee.

The emphasis and contrast of hue is creating when t wo opposite colors of the color wheel are chosen.

In this “En� store the contrast of hue is shown through the store’ facade due to it is used a color with a strong hue as the dark green, which creates a high contrast with the neutral interior of the store.

Also, this hue contrast is present with the other neutral facades of the street because the green captures the attention of the users and, at the same time, is inviting them to enter.

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2 The contrast of value refers to the existing difference between dark and light, so it is expressed in black and white the everything that is between them. In this case, due to the store has a Japanese minimalistic design we can see that only white and gold are present. In this form, emphasis through the contrast of value is used as wayfinding due to the entrance are in gold, also, gold is used to catch the attention and redirect it to the product’s shelves display. Also, it is important to point out that the design team explains that they used white in the internal surfaces, of the circle spaces, as a finished to express a pure space.

The contrast of design features refers to an emphasis that is established through the hierarchy of design elements. In this manner, we can obser ve how the store tested area furniture is used as hierarchical design features. Hence, due to the Japanese minimalistic concept, the seating furniture is a reflection of the brand name because “En� can mean beaut y, circle, or connection in Japanese.

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4 Color and tex ture contrast is used to add emphasis inside a space, so the naturally rough tex ture of the brick is contrasting with the smooth surfaces of the product displays, also, lighting is used to emphasize the vaulted brick ceiling. It is important to point that, the basement areas are reflective of the structure’s histor y due to the building´s original featuring vaulted ceilings and stone walls are used.

A focal point can be defined as a single design element that receives the greatest visual emphasis in a room. In this case, we can see how the gold element is used as a wayfinding focal point due to it attracts visitors to walk toward it; hence, this focal point is capturing the clients’ attention while it also is guiding them and evoking a sense of stepping into an unfamiliar, ex traordinar y world.

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7 Through the images, we can obser ve how the design team of this retail design store, which is inspired by the Japanese minimalist culture, uses emphasis as a

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great tool and internal design strategy in the “En� store.

Ref er enc es o f I mag es & In fo 1.https://w w w.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archiee-france_ dezeen_2364_col_0.jpg 2. https://w w w.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archieefrance_dezeen_2364_col_2.jpg 3. https://www.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archiee-france_dezeen_2364_ col_9.jpg 4. https://www.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/gallery1-3.jpg 5. https://www.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archiee-france_dezeen_2364_ col_13.jpg 6. https://www.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archiee-france_dezeen_2364_ col_14.jpg 7. https://www.contractdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/en-store-paris-interiors-retail-shops-archiee-france_dezeen_2364_ col_8.jpg

https://w w w.contractdesign.com/projects/retail/a-paris-skincare-shop-melds-aged-vaulted-ceilings-andcontemporary-brass-partitions/

M.9

color+Variety

What is Variet y?

Color Palette

Variet y is one of the most important principles

The color palette used by the Mondrian Hotel

of design due to it is concerned with the

is a neutral one due to the preponderant use

combination of one or more color elements

of whites, grays, blacks, golds, browns, and

with shape, form, pattern, and tex ture to create

subtle touches of blue as accents.

diversit y and contrast in an interior space.

In brief, it is important to point out that variet y is a key and powerful design element that is used to add interest, contrast, and life within an interior space.

Hospitality Analysis The Mondrian Hotel is a 355-rooms hospitality luxur y design located on Miami South Beach. The design of this hotel was done by the Dutch designer Marcel Wanders.

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2 The line is the design element that is used to represent a connection between two points in space. A line can take many forms as well as can be used to communicate action, so there are four types of lines: vertical, horizontal, diagonal and curved.

Due to vertical lines symbolized strength and stability, inside the Mondrian’s hotel restaurant are used to emphasize the verticality through the columns and the rope pattern division, between them, to separate the interior and exterior of the place.

3 Texture refers to the characteristic visual and tactile quality of the surface of the material that results from the way in which the components are constructed or combined. It is important to point out that texture is a harmony aspect that is related to the sense of touch, so this can be stimulated either physically or visually.

The Cafe area of the Mondrian’s hotel makes use of various textures with different finishes with the intention of offering to the users the adequate visual interest inside the place. In this manner, a kinetic connection is established through the tactile sensation of feeling textured surfaces.

4 Shape refers to the result of one or more lines connecting to form a twodimensional image such as a square, circle, or triangle.

In this case, the shape is present into the Mondrians’ meeting-room by the uses of rectangles with a monochromatic color palette, in this way, the form of the shape is reinforced. Because the rectangle is a stable shape provides the sensation of restful; however, it is a more visually interesting shape than a square, so this gives the space more spatial arrangements.

5 Pattern is the repetitive arrangement of shapes and colors in a systematic horizontal, vertical, diagonal, or organic sequence. It is important to point out that the color pattern and tex ture applications are the easiest and quickest methods to incorporate the variet y concept into a project. In this manner, 2D patterns are used on the floor of the hotel’s main lobby, also, a 3D pattern of circles, emphasized through the use of the light, is incorporated on the background wall, in order, to capture the attention of the users to the area.

7 It is important to highlight the great emphasis that the staircase has over the hotel’s lobby design, due to this, the white achromatic design is chosen in order to

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use the black and the tex tures, present in the staircase, to grab the attention of the guests.

Ref er enc es o f I mag es & In fo 1. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-o/18/b2/3b/08/mondrian-south-beach.jpg 2. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-m/1280/1a/1b/8a/48/restaurant.jpg 3. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/oyster/1560/0b/3e/82/c6/mondrian-cafe--v12011869.jpg 4. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-m/1280/18/e8/90/98/meeting-room.jpg 5. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-m/1280/18/e8/91/3f/lobby.jpg 6. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-w/18/e8/91/43/lobby.jpg 7. https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-w/18/e8/91/35/lounge.jpg https://happyhotelier.com/2008/12/29/dutch-design-34-marcel-wanders-designed-mondrian-miami-southbeach-open/

M.9.1 scale+unity

What is P ro p o rt io n?

Practical applications Tips:

It is defined as the size relationships bet ween elements and the visual composition or space.

- L i g h t co l o r s a dv anc e and dark c olors rec ede.

- A room with a dark ceiling and a light floor will appear heavy and out of balance.

- Small spaces can be made to appear much larger if similar colors are use throughout.

What is S cale ?

It refers to the size of a shape in relation to a given known - in most cases, the human body and its posotion within space.

- Dark, strong or warm colors like red or orange will make the wall seem to advance and make the room feel much smaller.

Cool, dull or light color will appear to strech space to push the wall outward.

- A long corridor will seen shorter if the end wall is painted or covered with a warm color.

Le Modulor: Image 1

- A low ceiling will seem highter if it is painted with a lighter value that the walls and emphazed with the ise of crown molding.

- Large pieces of furniture will look smaller if upholstered in the same color value as the walls.

Est ablishing P ro p o rt io n a l Re l a n ti o n s h i p s Some methds that have been used are:

A T ip to consider...

Golden Section:

Nature’s proportions are

Fibonacci Sequences:

one of the best sources of inspiration that the designers have to get inspired, so when you feel lost look in nature.

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7 Ty p e s o f C o l o r H ar m o n y

What is U nit y?

It is defined as the repetition of color to achieved a unif y whole.

Unit y & Harmony: It is important to point out that unit y and harmony of a space can be achieved through similarit y of color, shape, and form.

1. Monochromatic

What is Harm o ny?

It refers to the result of a perfect balance bet ween individual color relationships.

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2.Complementar y:

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4.Analogous:

3.Split Complementar y & Double Complementar y:

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5 . Tr i a d i c & Te t r a d i c :

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6.Achromatic:

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and 7.Multi-Hue

Images & info References

1. https://c6.staticflickr.com/1/648/31837070765_b561b71fbc_b.jpg 2. http://teaching.ellenmueller.com/drawing-i/files/2013/07/Golden-Rectangle.jpg 3. https://forex.eu.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/fibonacci-ratio-golden-number.jpg

4.https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 5. https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 6. https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 7. https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 8. https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 9. https://topmade.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/color-harmonies.png 10. https://tse3.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.N_t6s3EY_mdf_2lV4jDF2wHaIM&pid=Api&P=0&w=300&h=300

M.10 color+Variety

Workplace Analysis

Color Palette

Variet y is one of the most important

The color palette used by the

principles of design and can be achieved

Pandora Media new office in Midtown

in dif ferent ways. On this occasion, the

Manhattan is warm in the majority

design is using, principally, a color variet y

of the spaces; however, it is using,

as a tool to catch the user’s attention. It

some cool colors to add balance and

is important to point out that without color

dynamism to the design, for example,

variet y a space is static and inactive, so the

the wall with the circle pattern in blue.

visual ef fect that makes the composition

Also, it is important to point out the

interesting is lacking.

client’s desire to expose as much

Hence, variet y is a key design concept

of the historical construction of the

that is important to consider and keep

existing building as possible, so the

balanced to avoid a visually chaotic design

main structure is conserved and

or in contrast a static and boring one.

painted in white.

Workplace Analysis Office: Pandora Media, Manhattan, New York.

Architects: ABA Studio Year: 2014

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2 The line is one of the main design elements that a designer can use to evoke different sensations into the users. In this occasion, the line is used, mainly, through vertical and horizontal lines. Hence, two situations are exposed: 1. Main structure: The original beams and columns were all stripped down to reveal their natural state, expressing a tectonics richness through vertical and horizontal neutral white lines.

2. Millwork in walls: Warm lines are used as vertical and regular intervals of carefully shaped wood slats to feature abstracted images of famous musical artists.

The tex ture is defined as visual and tactile characteristics that are present on the material surface as a result of the way in which the components are constructed or combined. In this manner, into the Pandora design, we can obser ve how tex tures that evoke a connection with nature are used. To illustrate, in this image the backstage wall as well as in the stairs a brownish tex ture that connect us with wood are used. On the right side, a blue pattern wall is bringing us a calming sense of water.

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4 The shape is another important element of design that is commonly used in order to add variety to space. On this occasion, white and yellow rectangles are used in order to separate the work individual spaces. Also, a yellow shape on the ceiling is used to remark the Pandora Soundstage, which is an intimate amphitheater-style gathering space able to accommodate up to 65 people for work meetings or small performances. In brief, different color shapes are used through the whole design to separate the different areas of the workspace.

5 Due to Pattern is the repetitive arrangement of shapes and color in a systematic horizontal, vertical, diagonal, or organic sequence the color patterns and tex tures applications are the easiest methods to add variet y into a project. In this manner, in this design, a blue-circle pattern wall, about 25 feet tall, is used as a central design element that provides a physical connection bet ween the t wo floors. IN detail, these translucent circular discs, are elegantly coupled with figured aluminum hooks in order to create a backed by a blue theatrical scrim.

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8 Color is one, is not the best, tool used by the designers to create unit y and harmony into space. On this occasion, color unit y is used by the implementation of open desk areas, each one identified by a dif ferent color. Also, private areas are more abundant in color and faceted glass volumes are used to provide the privacy

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9 needed for meeting spaces. In order to add dynamism and visual privacy, the glass is peppered with a dotmatrix graphic pattern, so each cr ystal has a unique pattern.

Finally, a neutral and simple entr y in gray is used as a transition threshold to enter into a double-height, bright and colorful interior space.

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Images & info References

All the images are retrieved from: https://www.archdaily.com/530917/pandora-media-inc-new-york-officeaba-studio Concepts: Color + Design - Transforming Interior Space by Ron Reed, 2nd Edition

M.10.1 color+Variety

What is Varie t y?

C o l o r a n d th e Desi gn El em en t s:

It is defined as the principle of design that is

Var i e t y i s t h e pri nc i ple of desi gn that break s the

concerned with the combination of one or more

p at t e r n o f r h y t hmic repeti tion and c an help c atc h

color elements with shape, form, pattern, and

an d ke e p t h e i nterest of the user of the spac e. In

tex ture to create diversit y and contrast in an

t h i s w ay , t h e v a riet y of shapes, l ines, tex tures, and

interior space.

p at t e r n s b r e aks up the monotony and giv es to the v i e w e r s an ar r ay of v i sual sti mul i.

What is Co nt rast ?

It refers to the jux taposition of dif ferent forms, lines, or colors in a space “to intensif y each element’s properties and produce a more dynamic expressiveness.�

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Color and Line: I s is t h e c o nne c ti o n be t we en t w o poin t s in spa c e . I t c a n be v e r t i cal , h oriz on t a l, di a go na l , o r c ur ve d .

Color and Shape: I t i s t h e r e s u l t o f o n e o r m ore l ines co n n e ct i n g t o f o r m a t w o - d i m ensional i m ag e s u ch as a s q u ar e , c i rc le or t r i an g l e .

A T ip to consider...

Variety is a powerful element for adding interest, contrast, and life within an interior

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Color and Form: I t is t h e per c e pti o n o f we i ght, v o l u m e , a n d ma ss o f a n o bj e c t.

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space.

C o l o r a n d P a t t e r n + Te x t u r e : Color pattern and tex ture applications are the easiest and quickest methods for adding variet y into a project.

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Images & info References

1. http://solid.peragosurfaces.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/unnit y-living.jpg 2. https://66.media.tumblr.com/0556d227c895920ea649a8cbf79ad48a/tumblr_inline_ouaakraSWH1sx20m3_640.jpg 3. https://designlike.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/geometri-shapes-1.jpg 4. https://director y.creativelancashire.org/wp-content/uploads/job-manager-uploads/main_image/2016/07/ Damside-student-form-interior-reception-1-1200x800.jpg 5. http://www.interior-dsgn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/PATTERNS-AND-TEXTURES-INTERIORS4.jpg 6. https://thedestinyformula.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Types-of-Colors.jpg

Conclusion

What I have learned?

This course was simply unique and wonderful since the correct use of color is one of the main foundations of the Interior Design of the space. Consequently, color is one, if not the most important, of the interior tools that a designer can use to transform any space into a totally new one.

I must admit that before taking this class, I had basic knowledge about the use and importance of color, however, I never imagined all the aspects and possibilities that can be achieved simply by doing good color management within a space. Therefore, the class helped me to better understand the color theor y, although I must admit that it is a somewhat complex but fundamental theor y; however, the practices will do the master’s in it.

Besides that, the color theor y showed me how this has a direct relationship with our health since colors in the environment can af fect how we feel, hence the importance of knowing the positive and negative ef fects of each color. I also find it ver y interesting how color can interact dif ferently with just a small change, for example, the use of tints and shades of it.

After this course, I understand the dif ferent terms and activities that accompany color theor y, which will help me to have better use of color in my future projects.