NAWINZHE GUGIAN, DUMUNA, NAWI NUNGUI KUAGA: SOCIOLINGUITISCA WIWAMKE NEKUSHENA AWEGA
NAWINZHE GUGIAN, DUMUNA, NAWI NUNGUI KUAGA: SOCIOLINGUITISCA WIWAMKE NEKUSHENA AWEGA. Nuestra lengua dʉmʉna esta viva y aun esta en medio de nosotros: una comprensión de la sociolinguistica entre los wiwa.
NAWINZHE GUGIAN DUMUNA NAWI NUNGUI KUAGA: SOCIOLINGUITISCA WIWAMKE NEKUSHENA AWEGA
Buye: Taller Sociolinguistica 2016, Laboratorio de Lengua zhanekuashka
Nekʉtuankandzina: Monica Maria Lopez, Ismael Conchacala, Karol Paola Ramirez, Julian Malo.
Nenendzina nukuanka: Martin Montero Gil –Rongoy zhana Bernardo Coronado Sauna –Rongoy zhana Bacilio Chimusquero Pinto –Tezhumke zhana Bacilio Chimusquero Sauna –Tezhumke zhana Pedro Alberto Mojica –Saratshui zhana Ismael Conchacala Gil–Magdalena zhana Ana Santiaga Coronado –Rongoy zhana María Patricia Coronado Sauna –Rongoy zhana José Rosario Coronado –Rongoy zhana Laboratoiro de Lengua Dʉmʉna Atanquez, Cesar. 2016
1. Sociolingüística wiwamke nekʉshena awega Nawiru ʉgin kuimamburunguazi, dʉmʉna she ʉnkango awakua zhiguazhi kima ingui zhiwinkubi
nakʉnukura
“Nawinzhe
gʉgian
dʉmʉna
bunshi-gawi”
kua
dugandzinanzhebaru “Laboratorio de lengua dʉmʉna”. Nawi zhiguanankuraru, ʉgingʉma zhimashe, tallergʉma neka, zhinzhoma go, nekʉnkurashkʉru ashekura kuashisha awega zhiguazhi. Aweningua kʉnkua, kʉnkua zhana nʉnkurameru, wandua ʉnkaya nanu she ʉnkango awakuaga tuan nushimʉndzi ime nekʉnukura warun.
Ilustración 1. Mónica López e Ismael C. Gil
2.
Bimi
pananka
sʉntalunzhe
gʉgian
neguminshʉmpana:
ʉnzhina zhigungura nawinzhe dʉmʉna ashayʉnkurashka. Inzhina
nʉnkambaru
mawinzhe
dʉmʉna
sikumʉn pana uka. 2.1 ¿Inzhina nʉname ima zhinzhoma gawʉnukura? Sociolingüista, Monica Lopez, nʉn shindza
aunukuagurashka
zhinguiru bʉgui zhimashe, dʉmʉna ingegua awakuaga tua. Ime
Nawiga zhiguiru meme tua aunukurashka nawinzhe dʉmʉnamba ashe awazhingura, bigu nayangua, memeru dugandzina asheka neguminshun nanʉnka.
ukuagurame kimanguan, nawi zhiwinkuma ukuaguremdzi mowa nana asaka; nawinguazi zhisakega nekankura. Memandzina zhiguiyankuraru ime zhiganuka, “Actitud y sentimientos Lingüístico shkuaru desplazamiento de la lengua ’’. Awashkʉru memaru nawinzhe gʉgian zha nekutshka, nawiga zha tuan mʉndzi, iwinaru andua gʉgian mezhinguan nawinzheye makumʉn nuka, zhiguiya awega. Ukuemdzi kimanguan zhiwinkuma, zhishizha, zhiguiya kʉngui nazhi: ukuashka inguigaru gawi, inguigaru guashi, ime nazhi she ango awankura kimanguan zhatushisha awakuaga zhiguana awʉnukura. Tua ukurashka ime neshingui kimanguan nawinzhe Dʉmʉna inkijintshʉnpana awanzhingura zhiguiya nenkankura. Ima kʉ asheshisha mawʉnkuashka kima ni shindziankura, kua ni zhiguiyankura, awemdzingua mawigaru inzhina mʉntuazhingua ʉguana mawʉnkua. ¿Awashka dugandzinaga inzhina guashi
“actitud y sentimiento lingüístico
y
desplazamiento de la Lengua” guaka ki nanu? Ime shizha zhanekʉnukaru ingui nawinzhe gʉgiamba anzhakitsha awʉndu ime guakazhingura, “ʉnzhina zhigungura nawinzhe dʉmʉna ingegua. Inzhina nʉnkambaru mawinzhe dʉmʉna sikumʉnpana uka ni nanu”. Monicaga, guaka ukuashka, nawigaru ʉguana,
memeyeru mema ingegua guzhi
nakʉnukura. Ingui atunwanru zhakitsha itamaka yunʉn nukura atua. Weru mimi pananka kima nawinzhe gʉgian imbuambaru ashayakuaga zhiguanʉnukun nukura. Aweningua sʉntalu netuan nukuwashka iwa nemta ukambaru nawingua sʉntalumba zhimashe nekura.
Nʉnkambaru “desplazamiento” zhazhingui kima dʉmʉnakin ʉguana, zudua nukuakua zhiguanʉnukun, ʉwashka andua gʉgian mezhinguan agʉni jinsha awakuangui zhiguana. Nawiga zhiguiru meme tua aunukurashka nawinzhe dʉmʉnamba ashe awazhingura, bigu nayangua, memeru dugandzina asheka neguminshun nanʉnka.
2.2 Iwa wiwa nezhinguaka uka nawimke inzhina zhanekʉnuka Ra Bacilio Saunaga, ime ʉguana: “Nawiga ʉguanakin meme zhaneka aunuka, yunkumdzi, nawi shindzakuaga dziguashingua nanun; españolkin asheka naka, lideres, Profesor, enfermeros, odontólogos, aweningua dʉmʉna guakʉnka zidua amtun. Mekumdzi kʉmanguʉn meme zhaneshi arguan nuka. Ukambaru nawingua shinkʉndzumpana nawinzhe dugamba aunukun, aweningua dugandzinanzheki shi ʉnkʉndziampana”. Ra Bacilio Pintogaru ime ʉguana: “Raga ʉguana augashka zhanekʉn nuka, ya iwina nawi, dʉmʉna ashekuragangua españolkin ashayʉmpana. Awanshkaningua nawinzhe gʉmtshina, colejiumba, nawi ashe
ingegua
zidua,
profesorga shikʉndzunpana aun,
ʉweningua
dugandzina
agʉma asheka
merʉngun tuampana”.
Ilustración 2.Izq (Bacilio Pinto), Mitad (Pedro) Der (Bacilio Sauna)
Ra Pedrogaru ime ʉguana: “Meme tua augashkʉru agʉma mema ingegua ʉnkʉshizha aunegi. Agʉma dʉmʉna anzhakutshʉmpana awakuaga nawi kuimandzinangua”. Ra Juliangaru ime guakʉnga: “Imbuambaru nekʉzhia uka, campesinunʉn kuagura nʉname, kimanguan gʉgian nekiskumʉnuka”.
2.3 ¿Ukamabaru nawi iwa kuimandzinaga inzhina ʉguana nawinzhe dʉmʉna? Washka, meme zhaneshi naka awʉnuka, inzhuengua nanun; agʉma sʉntalu asheka nakumpana. Ime uyame kʉmanguan, nawingua, sʉntalu asheka merʉngun azhʉnga tuampana. Uyashka nawi nʉnai ashe ingegua nekʉrimasha awanka nʉnka zidua anzhʉnga tun; ya nawi zhingunguraru zume dʉmʉna guakura zhigungurashka, imbuambauru, nʉnai dʉmʉnakinki guakunkurangui nekʉnzhaneka awazhinga. Zha guashiru meme guakun, iwinaru zhimenuka ashekura, sʉntalunzhenʉn nawinzhe nʉn. Mimindzi kʉmangun nawinzhe gʉmtshina dʉmʉnaki guakʉnka amtun nuka. Nawi ade dʉmʉna ashekura nʉnkurangua zidua nawinzhe gʉmtshina dʉmʉnamba amashayun, ukambaru memengui gʉmtshinagangua shindzunpana neka. Ime nʉnkambaru dugamburu kakʉnzhanun, nawi ade, abu nekʉnzhazhi nukuazhinga. Inbuanbaru nawingui naikʉnzhʉnga, kʉ profesor dʉmʉnakin asheka naikʉnanun, nʉnkamba kʉmangun meme zhanekʉn nuka zhitukua nana. Meme yengui shka nʉkurangua sʉntalunʉn naya, kua nengʉlanʉn naya; awiru sʉntalurga kuampana ukuramba kʉmanguan shka nʉnka zhiguanaisana
aunukangui
imbuambaru
aguanakua zhaneka aunuka. Awimdzingua Dʉmʉna ashayega iwa nemka zhanekaru, iwa kuagumʉnukandzina ningua shka nanakuga zhigaguanasana aunuka. ¿Ukambaru bimamba zhiguananka nukuakua ki nekʉnzhanu?
2.4 Iwa nemtun nanakuaga Dʉmʉna ashayega Atua kin awʉnkureru nazhinzhe Dʉmʉna sikumʉn pʉnga. Awanshka español mezhinguan jina awʉnka. Nimbaru dʉma nekʉnʉngui: Adendzina kutetengui, mamandzina ʉntengui, dʉmʉna kuazhangui, bʉgui shka dʉmʉna asheka kuazhangui, ime nʉnkamabaru nekiskuma kinkiru nekungui nukura. Nimba zhiyunankura: Adendzina minsha zhanandzinamba ʉnkashizhunpana nekun nʉnkurame, iwa zhanaru kuima, gaya, shka, shka zhigʉnishi kuakuaga nemtasanʉnpana. Shkuaru nanun zhinzhoma shambunanka, ukambaru bʉgui shindza awʉnkura nemtun, aweningua sʉntalukin ashe, inguiyambakin zhinzhoma go, asheshisha, nekʉnukura. Ingui tunwanru iwa nemsingui kima iya ʉnkʉguanʉnukun nukura. Ni agʉni kinki zume kʉnzhanun nʉnka: Profesor sʉntalu nakʉnpana, zhamunkundzina nakunpana españolkin asheka, kamkekakin kuampana shka nʉnkurangua, sʉntalu kʉsui kuagumʉnpana. Nawinzhe ruama siga kʉminsha dʉmʉna uguiyʉnesana. Ime panankaru nawinzhe duga sʉntalumba ashayunka nanuwenru, zhakitsha sʉntalu zhindziega kayun nanakuaga, akinguis español shindzianka nʉnkambaru.
2.5 Zhagʉnʉntenkura iba-iwa nemta nanu dʉmʉna jinsha awega Ra Bacilio Sauna ime nekʉnga: “Agʉma ranzhe gʉmtshina dʉmʉna shi kʉnzhʉnpana”. Ra Bacilio Pinto ime nekʉnga:
“Zhimashayumpana, Adenzhina nʉn zhigʉnishi guakunpana, zhinzhoma she ʉnkango neshi kuampana”. Ra Julián ime nekakuaga guakʉnga: “Nawiga uguana ukurashka agʉma Dʉmʉna ingegua zhimashayumpana awakuaga, umba nawi kingua nanu, zhitukua nana. Akʉ meme nanu nankureru nawigangui shama inkisisa aunukura, memambakima shama zhiguiya nekura aweningua. Meme name kʉmanguan iwamdziru adedzinaga ʉnkashizhunpana nekʉnga. Mema ashe ukurame kʉmangun shka nainzhʉnga, dugadzina naigaguanga. Profesor dʉmʉnaki guaka colejiumba inkiteshumpana, memeru gʉmtshina agʉma dʉmʉna shi kʉndza awʉnka. Awemdziru nawi adega, abuga nawinzhe dugmaburu dʉmʉna ʉgiunpana aunkura. Shamunkundzinagangua agʉma guakumpana awakuaga, zhinzhoma shenkango awega memeru dʉmʉna gʉskumʉn nukagangua shindza awazhinga”.
Nawiru Bacilio Chimusquero Pinto Bacilio Chimusquero Sauna Pedro Alberto Mojica Julian Malo
3. Dʉmʉna duma ʉnkʉtshui jinsha nekega 3.1 Ima gaupanega Nawiga ima go aumpanegaru, kʉskʉnagui umba tallermba, ingui guazi naka awankuaga neguiya ni guashi “mantenimieto de la lengua y crecimiento del idioma”. Ima neguia awanka nunkuame kimanguʉn nawiga ¿inzhina nekurashka ki gʉgian inkijinsha nekakua nanu? Zhishizha. Ime zhiguiya nekuaguremdzi ima zhinzhoma gonkura. Washka inbuanbarru nawinzhe gʉgin guakurangui, negʉntshangui, jinshʉngui nukurangui zhiguana. Uyashka zhinguirru Dʉmunamba zhinzhoma guaka, nʉwa nekʉnekangui tua. Dʉmʉna kuashishʉmpanega *Nawinzhe zhigʉsisa nanun negʉnsha nukuakuaga *Sisha guashishun
Nawinzhe Dʉmʉna sisha guashishun, aweningua warguan nukuakuagamba guashi.
*Ashayʉngui warguʉn Nawinzhe gʉgian jinshʉmpanega *Gʉgian agʉni ashayʉmpana *Dʉmʉna guakasana awʉnukangua shi kʉndzia, nawisanangui nanuwenru. * Zhinzhoma gawi *Dugandzinanzhe tecnología iba ʉguingui. 3.1.1 ¿Inzhina nawinzhe gʉgian kuashishumpana awʉnkura ki nanu? Ima zhiguiya nekegaru, zhiwinkuma, zhimashe, nekuagurashka shkuaga, shkuaga guaka, ukuashka, agʉni anzhʉnga bungingʉmakin gogumanka. Zhiguiyankurakinru gogumuni awanka.
Ismaelga ime guaka: “Bogotá ambigua kʉgi kuazha
nukuashkangua Dʉmʉna guakʉngui, dʉmʉna
shindziangui nukuanaruga”. Patriciaga ime guaka: “Nawinzhe uragamaba sʉntalumaba ate, ate, ashekura nanun, nʉkuambaru anzhengui nawingua jina; ime neka awanarga tua augashka, Dʉmʉna duma ʉnkʉtshui zhiguazhi. An, Sʉntalumba zhinzhoma tuga nashka,
iyambakin ashe nukun. Ime neka
awʉngashka duma ʉnkʉtua zhiguana. Anaga ime guaka: “Duma ʉnkʉtshui zhiguazhingui kima, inguiru Dʉmʉna ashekangui sʉntalumba namashe awanshka ragaru dʉmʉnamba gʉgaso, auga”. J. Rosarioga ime guaka: “Meku uragaka Dʉmʉnamba kin ashekura, bigu nayangua shka nanunwenru Dʉmʉna amashe, Piedra Lisa naya awʉngashka, meku wiwa sʉntaluye kuiandzina nanunwengua
ragaru
Dʉmʉnamba
amashe
auga”.
Zhiguiyamaru
iyandzina
dziakinkuma kima ʉwa [iwa kawa Piedra lisa zhana dzinaka, nekʉnzhimbinʉn]. Bungingʉma ʉnkʉzhiwintsha she ʉnkango ukurashka ime zhiguiya Ime tua ukurashka zhinguiru, gʉgian duma ʉnkutshuingui kimanguan bin nayangua rigʉsisun nukuakuaga tua awʉnukura. Inzhuengua nanu, ya kawa Ismael Bogota ʉgin kua uyashkangua, ekungua shi ʉnkundziangui. Memeyengui kima Patriciagaru duma ʉnkʉtshinguikima nanzhe uragambaru dʉmʉnambakin shimashai gunuka neguia. Uyashka kawa Rosarioga zhinguiru duma ʉnkʉtshuiru, ya shka nanunwanshkangua sʉntaluye
kʉnzhʉngaga,
sʉntalumba,
amashayuwanshka
ʉnagaru
“dʉmʉna
ashekangui” nanunwenru dʉmʉnambangui amashe neka. Iyambangui kʉnzhʉnga kima Anagaru, ingui wiwa nanuwashkangua sʉntalumba agamashe awenru nagaru
dʉmʉnamba amashe neka. Aweru imengʉma neka ukurambakimanguan duma ʉnkʉtua awega meme nekura atuanukura.
3.1.2 ¿Zha nʉname meme nekura? Patriciaga: “Wiwa nʉnkurame, mengui ashekura jina awankura nʉname, meme ashai tuga nʉnkurame”. Anaga: “Wiwangui nʉnkangua, nukuangui awanshkangua sʉntalumbakin ashe nekʉtʉka, shkaru meme ashai nekʉnzhazhi nʉnkamba. Meme nekun nanʉngeru Dʉmʉna mezhingua negʉskumʉmpana, awanshkʉru sʉntalukin ashe awʉnga zhiguazhi”.
Ilustración 3 Ana Santiaga
Rosarioga: “Nawi shkaru abu meme nemashaingui kuima nekankura, inguiru asheka nanunwanshka sʉntalukima agʉni agaguanʉnpana ukamba, awanshkʉru ekʉnanzhe mezhiguan irsishampana dzineka tshui mʉndzi”. Ismaelga: “Tua awagashka sʉntalu genangua meme Dʉmʉna guakʉngui, gawʉngui kima aweru nawinzhe gʉgian jinsha awakuaga zhiguazhi”. Bungingʉma ʉnkʉzhiwintsha she ʉnkango ukurashka ime zhiguiya Awashka zha nanme meme nekura, nawinzhe gʉgian skibu ukuame, awashka ningua inguiru, Dʉmʉna zhigʉsisumpana, wiwangui nʉnkangua dʉmʉna guakʉsanʉnpana awanshkʉru sʉntalukin ashayʉmpana, uka tshui mʉndzi. Ime neka, inguigaru nawinzhemabangui ashe, inguigaru nanzhe uragambangua guakʉngui, ingui bigu nayangua gawʉngui, guakʉngui, nukurambakima imbuambaru nawinzhe gʉgian jinshʉngui nukura zhiguiya awʉnukura. 3.1.3 Bima agʉni nekʉngui nukuʉnkura Patriciaga: “Agʉni ya meme sʉntalukin ashekangua shi kʉndziangui, gʉmʉtshinangua shi kʉndziangui, kua ya nawinzhe duga kingua nanu, anduamburumbagua ʉguiyangui, bigu zhitukua mʉnayuwengua ashayʉngui. Meme kin neka me nanun, wiwambangua agʉni zhinzhoma gawʉmpana. Duga zhinzhoma Dʉmʉnamba minsha shi kʉndzia, aweningua nawinzhe dugamburu sʉntalumba zhinzhoma dzingoga zhaneka”. Zunka: Go awankua ragangui nʉnaye nʉnka uguana, anduangua ime nekʉnukura sume netua. Nonka: Niganguazi neshizha uyashka “kame” iya, kua shkuagaru dzingaun nanakuyaye
dzingonka nekʉzhia aunukuashka, azhi nemta. Ni nekʉnʉngui: Dʉmʉna kuazhangui Rosario: “Nawingua
agʉni
dʉmʉnambakin
ashayʉmpana,
inguiru
awashka
nekura
sʉntalumbakin zhimashe wiwanguazingua nekura mema yunsha. Adendzingangua sʉntalumbakin duga agamashe dizineka zhiyunsha”. Nonka: Ingui nʉwaneka, Dʉmʉnakin shi zhakʉndziga ukambaru nawangui tua. Zunka: Ya nawinzhe bungingʉma aguanʉngui. Ni nekʉnʉngui: ibuambaru agʉni Dʉmʉna ashayʉngui.
Ana: “Dugangui nanuwanshka, amashe, zhinzhoma dʉmʉnamba shi kʉndziampana, memeru jina awashka mowangui asheka nanʉnka. Ime zhinzhoma asheka duganzhe gawʉpana”. Nonka: kuisa winan meme nekura nekʉzhia, ima nekʉnukura, gʉmtshina neka meme nekʉzhia. Zunka: imbuambameru ingui zhinzhoma bunʉngui inguimeru, imbuambaru video wiwa dziawangui. Ni nekʉngui: Gawʉngui Ismaelga: Nonka: dzingonekun, zʉdua ima gʉgian jinsha awega. Zunka: Laboratorio Dʉmʉna, nawi umba gʉgian kuashisha ukura. Ni nekʉnʉngui: Dʉmʉna kuazhangui. “Ime bunguingʉma jinsha awakuaga zhiguana, aunukurashka inguidzhinaru nekayazhinga 'kʉnzhʉn nanunaie' neka aunukura. Imbuambaru bʉgui zhinzhoma
nekʉnanu, ʉwashka meme nekʉnanu nanegaru nawinzhe organizaciónka mʉndzi, ingui gobiernoka ituna zidua shango dzinekunka, nashka ime nekʉngui nukureru ni mʉntuka agʉni jinsha nenzhanekangui awazhinga”. Bungingʉma ʉnkʉzhiwintsha she ʉnkango ukurashka ime zhiguiya Ingui tuwanru ime tuakuaga nʉnashka, inbuambaru nawiga ima gʉgiʉn jinsthʉnukura we ʉguana awakuaga, akʉ ingui tua ukureru nawinzhe gʉgiʉn kuazhangui. Ingui nʉnkuragaru ʉnkʉnguanʉngui; inbuanbaru ʉguanunazhingua bion gʉmameru gawʉngui nukurambaru zumengui nekʉnukura atua. Aweninguamka, Laboratorio Dʉmʉnaye nʉnka, agʉningui kuagumʉnpana awʉndu nawigangui kʉmanguʉn agʉni jintshupanazhingura. Ni mʉntukaru sʉntalumbakin ashe, ashe nekura nʉneru mema she ʉkʉngawʉmpana, Dʉmʉnamba kʉnguagaye guaka, dugambangua. Imbuambaru ade, abu nekʉnzhʉnga kima ingui nekiskumʉmpana uka, iya ukurra. Nashka, nimʉntuka nawi adengui nekʉnzhazhi umba tuante mʉndzhi kimanguan agʉni sʉntalumba ate ashekura yunshʉnpana awakuaga nuka. Washka shinguiru nʉwa nekʉneka zhinzhoma, Dʉmʉna guaka, ime ʉwaska kʉmanguʉn agʉni nawinzhe gʉgiʉn jinshunpana, anzhakutshumpana nawi gangui nekʉnkura. 3.1.4 Guama Awekima
akuiyamʉndzi
negʉtshikuankangui
abu,
nekima
adengua
Dʉmʉna
shi
minsha
nekʉndziampana, agʉni
shi
sʉntaluru
ʉnkʉndziampana
nekʉnzhazhi. Nawi sʉntalu ashekuraru dʉmʉna agʉni guakʉmpana, nawinzhe nʉnka guashiru bigu nanʉnka guakʉnukua nekʉnzhazhi nukuanka. Nenendzinaga gonka: Patricia Coronado Sauna, Rongoy Cesar zhana. Ana Santiaga Coronado Sauna, Rongoy Cesar zhana. Jose Rosario Coronado Bolaño, Rongoy Cesar Zhana. Ismael Conchacala Gil, Wimʉke Magdalena Zhana.
4.
Bungingʉmandzina nekʉshenakuaga
4.1 Sociolingüística: Mowa nana bungingʉmamba mʉndzi ima nekʉshenakuaga sociedad nʉn lingüística nʉn. Sociedadru kʉ umba nawi inzhina kuagura, inzhina zhiguanguangura, ni neshi kuagura, bima zhishanukuama kuagura, nawinzhe sewaru zha kʉnzhʉnga, imandzina kʉngui kima aweru sociedad wiwa. Ni nandu iwa sociedad wiwa rongoy , guakakuaga. Anduga sʉk guakuwanru culturamba agʉni tuanuka. Akʉ lingüística zhinguiru umba ashayamamba tuanuka. Iwa ni nandu alfabeto inguana, fonética inguna, gramatica inguna. Awamekima bima gʉgian anzasaka nanuwenru dugandzinagaru lingüista guaka. Awanka nʉnka aweru sociolinguistica guakuwanshkʉru, nawi kuaguramke inzhina kʉnzhazhi gʉgian neka kua gʉgian dzina iba ʉguiya ukura anzasaka. 4.2 Poliglota: Imaru ingui shka bʉgui gʉgian ʉgʉtshikuaga. Maigua gʉgian agʉtshikuagaru trilingüe dzinguaka nashka, iyamba mʉndzi agʉma ʉgʉtshikunwenru shkuanguazi poliglota. 4.3 Bilingüismo: Ime guakʉnuka, moa nana bungingama ashe (ni nandu Dʉmʉna nʉn sʉntalu nʉn kua Dʉmʉna nʉn kogian nʉn).
Nawinzhe uragaka zhinguiru kawa kua abu nʉn dʉmʉnambaki zhimashe ukura. memengui kima wazhina dugandzina kiena kua guiyandzina kiena nayʉnkurahshka akingui iyandzina winʉn zhimashe. Iwina colegiokaru sʉntaru, ingui nawinzhe uragambaru Dʉmʉnakin ashekureru zumengui nanazhinga.
Mowa ashayama nonka Mowa ashayama, bimamba jintshun nanakuaga; guakuwaru ingui gʉginkin jintsha, ima nekun nanakuaga nekʉnzhazhi nuka. Memekin nekʉnkureru nawinzhe gʉgian mezhingua sisumpana, ashayegangua iba nemtumpana awanuka. Tua ukurashka inbuargaru nabinzhe Dʉmʉna mezhinguan sisʉn, nukurashka ingui aweru sʉntalumba kʉnshʉnaye shi ʉnkʉndzianukun. Mowa ashayama zunka Nawinzhe gʉgian, gega, zhanguazi nekʉnzhanekunwa awanshka sʉntalurgangua inkikua
nekazhingura.
Nawi
shkanguazingua,
guiayandzinanzhe,
kua
shamanukandzinanzhe negʉnsha nanuwenru zu nana zhimashe nekazhingura. 4.4 Monolingue: Inguimekin gʉgian ashayama. Nawimʉke nawaru ime nʉnkandzina shka zʉdua ʉntenukun nʉnka. Inguindzinaru dʉmʉna nʉn kogian nʉn dziasheka. Ime nashka kʉngui tukua, ʉnguazi sʉntalu ashekurakin ʉntenukura. Inguimekin gʉgian nonka Shka andua sana, sʉntalu winan kuagura nʉnka she zhingo nekawin tuazhingura. Inguime ashayama zunka Nawinzhe gʉgian mʉlamekin skumʉnkaye kʉnzhanekun nanazhinga.
4.5 ¿Variante kua dialecto? Nawiga ima Laboratorio she ʉnkangawʉmpana ukuagurashkangui ima inguna ʉnguazi zhigui nakumpana awankura. Ukuashka imaba nukura, Magadalena zhana, Rongoy zhana, Tezhumke zhana, Dungakari zhana. Ime nʉnkuame kima iya bʉngʉmangui, kʉga ni guakʉnuka
nekʉshana awanshkangua, shkuagaru ʉnguazi azhi guaka uka. Ni nandu iwa bʉngingʉma
“sʉntalu”
inguiga
guaka
ukuashka
shkuaga
“sʉntaru”,
shkua
bungingʉmaru “nabinzhe” ukuashka kauna zhanagaru “nawinzhe” guaka. Ukuashka zhimashayeganguiki, ima zhiguiyʉn nukuakuaga tuni, awankuagura zhinzhoma gawʉpana
ukuagurashka
bʉgui
zhiguiyakuaga
tua.
Ilustración 4 Benardo Coronado
Anduandzinagaru ima kʉka zhʉnga tshituka nʉnkuemʉka, nawigaru ime tʉka kʉka ʉnkʉnzhakutshkuaga tuni. Ukueningua tua ukuagurashka nawinzhe gʉgianru zhigawigangui nʉname kima, nawi kaunakaru anzhi kuega mʉnkʉsara ʉnkʉte, kua kaunakaru kʉsoka azhi kuega zhiyu nekurayengui, gʉgiangua meme neka tua awankura.
Meme awi kima nawiga tshuiru variante kua dialecto nzhengui guashi tuwa. Imbuambaru kuisa kima nawi ashekuraru dialecto dugandzinaga dzinguaka uka. Meme dzinguʉgaye nandu, ashayʉnkurashka ekʉnagangua dzinuka awaʉndu an dialecto nanazhinga. Nonka: Zhinzhoma inguinguazi she ʉnkango awega. Ingui tukuaga zhinzhoma she ʉnkango awenru kʉgangui zʉdua tuakuaga zhigaguanun nʉnka. Zunka: Memambakin tuampana awankura iwa azhenguaziru nanun nʉnkura, wiwa nanʉnkurashkangua, anzhenguazi ubʉratambangua nekʉnzhanunayengui gʉgiangua azhi azhi kʉnzhʉnga. Imaru agʉni nezhimasheshisha awazhinga. 4.6 Comunidad Lingüística: Imaru iwa guiyandzinaru ingui ekʉnanguazi gʉgian dziasheka, shamanukandzinaru ingui ekʉnanguazi, Yukparu ingui azhi. Ime kʉnkua kʉnkua nʉnka kima “comunidad lingüística” dugandzinaga guaka. 4.7 Dominio de uso: Memeru nawi kuaguramʉke, bimi agʉma dʉmʉna ashekura, bimi agʉni gʉgian sʉntalunzhe ashekura guashi kima meme dzinguaka. Awashka ni nandu Valledupar nawa Dʉmʉna ashekura, kua gagaka, ungumarga ni mʉntuka agʉma Dʉmʉnamba ashekura.
Nawiru: Bernardo Coronado Sauna Martin Montero Gil Karol Paola Ramirez
5. Dʉmʉna Ima gʉgian kima ya weru nawi wiwanzhe L1 kua lengua materna, lengua del corazón. Ime kʉnzhʉnga, nashka nawi wiwaga tshuiru ime ashayʉnkura kʉsakangui meme nendzingeka
awanka.
Meme
name
ima
gʉgianru
ruamakangui
kuaga,
kunshamanduzhika bunanka nuka. Awashka meme kʉnzhaneka awegaru imamba kima shama dzinbunsha, shama dzinguaka, ingui ime tuwanru ima gʉgiangui ingui shama kʉnzhanekazhinga. Nawi shka nekʉnzhʉnganingua, ashaikingua nanu rumambamengua nawinzhe gʉgiambangui ashe nekura, memambangui kima adenzhina sewa neka, nʉnzhabi dzineka, nemdziru ima skuma awʉndu shka nannesana aunukuazhinga. Ime guaka ingui ukurashka weru shindziawinkaru guakun, aweningua andua gʉgian shi ʉnkʉndzian nukuakuaga, nawinzhe awʉn zhiyuntsha nanu shindzianukuakuaga.
6. Shagumankamba Sociolinguistica nekʉshenuwanye tuakuaga
Ilustración 5 Ismaelga shanka. Sociolinguistica guakegaru “shama, gʉgian, kuagura nʉn bunanka”.
Ilustración 6 Ismaelga shanka, ni nʉnka comunidad lingüística.
Ilustraciรณn 7 Ismaelga