THEME ENERGY POLICIES
Wood Energy
ITEBE
in Spain, energy and forest policies Pedro Segovia - ITEBE
Wood-energy has considerable potential in Spain. However, in order to exploit it, greater investments and technological development are necessary. THE WOOD-ENERGY SITUATION IN SPAIN In 2000 biomass represented 53.8% (3792 ktoe) of Spain’s primary energy consumptions of renewable origin (1 GWh=0.086 ktep) without taking hydro energy into consideration. From a more global point of view, energy generated from biomass represents 3.1% of total energy consumption in Spain (124,281 ktoe). Energy uses for biomass are split between the production of heat (94.1%) and the production of electricity (5.9%). Just 30% of biomass used for energy purposes is marketed. The rest is self-consumed by industries or consumed in rural areas for thermal applications. The domestic sector represents more than half of consumptions, followed by the paper industry with 18%. Wood-energy totals 69% of the biofuels used.
PLAN OF PROMOTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN SPAIN In December 1999 a strategic programme called the Plan de Fomento de las Energías Renovables de España (Spanish Programme of Promotion of Renewable Energies) was published by the Ministry for Industry and Energy. In this plan, which follows the direct iv es o f t h e Whi te Pa pe r on Renewable Energies of the European Commission, the Spanish government committed itself to promoting activities and giving premiums which will allow renewable energies to meet 12% of Spanish energy demands in 2010 (16,639 ktoe of primar y energy). This implies an increase of 9,526 ktoe compared to consumptions in 1998, and 74.4% (7,086 ktoe) will be supplied by biomass, i.e. 7% of the global energy demand.
A large part of this increase will be reserved to the production of electricity (5100 ktoe), a part to the production of heat (900 ktoe), and the rest to the production of liquid biofuels and biogas. With regard to the type of biofuel, energy cultivations will supply more than half of this contribution (Table nº 1) Depending on the product considered, the Plan de Fomento does not just encourage subsidies for investment, type of interest and production of fuels, but also exemptions (tax advantages) and the development of premiums awarded to producers of electricity from biomass (table nº2) To develop the wood-energy sector, the Plan de Fomento intends to undertake some “energy activities”. These activities concern the forests with high biomass potential and those in which environmental action is necessary. The creation of biomass distribution platforms is provided for to ensure the regular supplying of quality fuel. It is estimated the Plan will create 30,000 jobs.
Spain
IDAE IDAE (Institute for Energy Diversification and Conservation) is a public body registered with the Ministry of
WOOD ENERGY N°2 / 2003
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