inspired their journeys. These factors included policies of the British colonial authorities and their government, lack of land, capital, and uncertain modes of existence, among others. Preceding the main migration, various groups undertook exploratory trips into the inland that gave a passable picture of the interior of South Africa. During these travels, the groups encountered many indigenous groups and cultures with whom they traded, formed treaties, or had conflicts and battles. The need for sufficient grazing pastures largely determined the trek routes since most people were stock farmers (Theart-Peddle, 2007). The Voortrekker Monument is shown in Figure 3.16.
Figure 3.16: Voortrekker Monument Source: Author (2021)
36