Car Technology by Sergio Cameno

Sergio Cameno Ibeas

• Antilock Brake System (ABS) • Traction Control System (TCS) • Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) • Adactive Cruise Control (ACC) • Automotive Night Vision

ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) An anti-lock braking system, or ABS is a safety system which prevents the wheels on a motor vehicle from locking up (or ceasing to rotate) while braking.

The theory behind anti-lock brakes is simple. A skidding wheel (where the tire contact patch is sliding relative to the road) has less traction than a non-skidding wheel. By keeping the wheels from skidding while you slow down, antilock brakes benefit you in two ways: You'll stop faster, and you'll be able to steer while you stop.

There are four main components to an ABS system: •Speed sensors •Pump •Valves •Controller

Advantages ABS vs no ABS

Advantages ABS vs no ABS

Also it is used in motorcycle

TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM (TCS)

TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM (TCS) • A traction control system (TCS), also known as Anti-Slip Regulation (ASR), is typically (but not necessarily) an electro-hydraulic system on production vehicles designed to prevent loss of traction of the driven road wheels, and therefore maintain the control of the vehicle when excessive throttle is applied by the driver and the condition of the road surface (due to varying factors) is unable to cope with the torque applied.

The intervention can consist of one or more of the following: • Retard or suppress the spark to one or more cylinders • Reduce fuel supply to one or more cylinders • Brake one or more wheels • Close the throttle, if the vehicle is fitted with drive by wire throttle • In turbo-charged vehicles, the boost control solenoid can be actuated to reduce boost and therefore engine power.

Example

ASR OFF

ASR ON

ELECTRONIC STABILITY PROGRAMME (ESP) Electronic Stability Programme, Bosch's trademark for Electronic stability control (ESC) is a computerized technology that improves the safety of a vehicle's stability by detecting and minimizing skids. When ESC detects loss of steering control, ESC automatically applies the brakes to help "steer" the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to individual wheels, such as the outer front wheel to counter oversteer, or the inner rear wheel to counter understeer.

ABS + ASR = ESP

In the United States, NHTSA estimates 5,3009,600 traffic fatalities could be avoided if all passenger vehicles were equipped with the feature.

ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL (ACC) Some modern vehicles have adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems, which is a general term meaning improved cruise control. These improvements can be automatic braking or dynamic set-speed type controls.

• Automatic Braking Type: The automatic braking type use either a radar or laser setup to allow the vehicle keep pace with the car it is following, slow when closing in on the vehicle in front and accelerating again to the preset speed when traffic allows. Some systems also feature forward collision warning systems, which warns the driver if a vehicle in front - given the speed of both vehicles - gets too close (within the preset headway or braking distance). • Dynamic Set Speed Type: The dynamic set speed uses the GPS position of speed limit signs, from a database. Some are modifiable by the driver.

Example

AUTOMOTIVE NIGHT VISION An automotive night vision system is a system to increase a vehicle driver's perception and seeing distance in darkness or poor weather beyond the reach of the vehicle's headlights.

They are currently offered as optional equipment on certain premium vehicles.

The Night Vision Assistant will be introduced in 2010 on the Audi A8. It uses a thermal imaging camera behind the four rings at the front of the car which can "see" 300 meters (984 ft) ahead. The display in the instrument cluster highlights humans with yellow markings. More importantly, the computer can determine if the person on the road moves in a way that could lead to a collision with the car. In that case the pedestrian is being marked in red color and the driver of the car receives an audible warning.

In the fall of 2008, on the redesigned 7-series, BMW added a pedestrian detection system which flashes a caution symbol on the navigation/information screen and head-up-display when it detects pedestrians

Example

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2_1EReo4gc