STREET ON BRIDGE (musi river) by janardhan reddy

(MUSI RIVER)

STREET ON BRIDGE

JANARDHAN REDDY.K 16041AA056

STREET O

(MUS

ON BRIDGE

SI RIVER)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY

SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE 86, Madhapur, Hi-Tech City Road, Hyderabad 500 081

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this Design Thesis, STREET ON BRIDGE

(MUSI RIVER)

carried out by Mr. JANARDHAN REDDY.K, Roll No.16041AA056, currently in Fourth Year B.Arch., in the academic year 2019-2020, in partial fulfillment for the award of the Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture from Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, is his bonafide work to the best of our knowledge, and may be placed before the Examination Board for its consideration.

THESIS GUIDE

Prof. Srija gantasala

INTERNAL GUIDE

Prof. Ruma

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

Ar.Rajendhar

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to sincerely thank my thesis guide Prof.SRIJA GANTASALA, for the immeasurable guidance and support he / she has rendered upon me throughout the thesis program. I am very grateful to him / her for having confidence in my vision and constantly pushing me towards it. I would also like to express my gratitude to our thesis co-ordinator, Prof. Chandana for organizing the entire thesis program. I would also like to thank Ar. Samar Ramachandra for having helped me navigate through my thesis. I would also like to express great appreciation to the faculty at Sri Venkateshwara College of Architecture for guiding me through the last four years, allowing me to present a work such as this. I cannot begin to express my gratitude and appreciation for my friends for the criticism and support they have shown for my work. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family, my parents for supporting me throughout the project.

SUITUATION IN MY LIFE:• It all started in Hyderabad a single rainfall in city the flow of river water raised and crosses over the chadharghat bridge which creates major issue to cross people from one side to other side , cause of floating of hawkers & vendors stalls on water

• No place to keep the feet in movement on bridge & no shade at top of my head to relax • Continuous blow of horns behind me to give them access to move, where I have no idea to move which side of my feet is safer to keep to stand on bridge Looking through my glasses:-solution to over come the situation. • City needs a bridge which reflects street activities in 1900’s to maintain strong relations between people from this concrete jungle. • Minimum :-a gathering space, street food , linear park , elevated points to see the skyline of city, all activities to be above the flood level of hyderbad. ❖ Later in my selection of thesis topic, I would like to know a proposal of pedestrian bridge for hawkers & vendors in front of salarjung museum on Musi river by Telangana government from social media . ❖ Considering the proposal & proposing a bridge as per my vision & amenities required from surrounded people around the salarjung museum

SYNOPSIS INTRODUCTION • Millions of public funds are invested for construction of bridges & flyovers in India ,whose purpose either to cross over a waterbody or to shorten the travel time between the concrete

jungle. Why can’t we have functional spaces on the bridge? •

Why should it serve only for one purpose ? it is irony of our time that we have over exasperated our city centers with over density of built and population .In the mid set of our chaotic cities and our busy life , where do we find a space to stop over and talk to our fellow passerby?

Why Hyderabad ? why other city • Hyderabad was one of the most important city which boasts of an architectural legacy that

spans the vernacular and the modern arguably the only city in the world to have exquisite creations "from the times of Kakatiya dynasty and nizams, Hyderabad has had a glorious history, rich culture and some of the most amazing heritage. • Hyderabad, in a way, is a way of life and being called a “Hyderabadi” is a matter of pride with a sense of richness. And presently hosts to many contemporary works in city. Also the shear presence of the river musi ,it physicality ,divides the new north developed city and the old Hyderabad from west to east connected only bridges and the distinctive character of old city and new city that exists on either sides of the river self contained and

independent of each other in 1980 • If one has to walk from old city to new city only bridge is Puranapul which saves many people life in 1908 floods and still serving as a major connection from old to new city . Places of interest at musi river • High court of judicature at Hyderabad • City college • Mahatma Gandhi bus station • Osmania general hospital

• Salar Jung museum • State central library

What is “STREET ON BRIDGE “? • Its a new kind of bridge which explore addresses the issue of pedestrian mobility and connects the urban fabric on either sides of the Hyderabad iconic river musi ,which impact on urban setting in terms of sociological and cultural implications.

AIM • To create a connection between the opposite banks of musi river between Salarjung museum and State central library with the activities which reflects the heritage of state. OBJECTIVES • To design a recreation bridge for pedestrians and accommodate with daily habitual activities in the passage .(eateries , shopping , interacting & exploring spaces) • To creates a spaces which interacts with the local heritage of the Hyderabad.

Dividing bridge into subject & object Bridge As Subject We break down the project purely in terms of cultural manifestation looking context of surroundings • Culture –(Cultural study of Hyderabad its people ,places of celebrations & festival) • Architectural language- ( past and present) architectural style from-( Mughal ,indo- sarcenic to present) . • Urban fabric -( dynamics of spaces , streets) • History -(historical influences) • Geological conditions -(site condition , hydrology) • Economy –(commercial activity ,trade commerce) Bridge As Object Break down the bridge purely in terms of scientific objectivity looking out of local context but in universal context as an object or an instrument and to analyse and understand the physical manifestation of bridge in terms of • Its form- (explorations on natural surroundings) • Typology -(type & functional requirements of bridge) • Its structure -(logic structural systems) • Material assembly - (construction based on structural performances) • Tectonic expression -(joineries, expression, skin) • Technology- (possible way of construction) SCOPE Urban scale • • • • •

Alternative network for pedestrian mobility. Social interactive spaces along the stretch. Integrating the pedestrian network with the end to end public transport network. Connecting the fabric of city across the bank of river to suppress the existing cultural divide. Redistribution of density and activity.

Architectural Scale • • • •

Developing a module that can accommodate a universal functionality. Proposing a new typology of habitable bridge.. Proposing a structure that can evolve , adopt & grow over the time of period. Proposing a structure that can self heals depends upon on the different climates 06

LIMITATIONS:• If I consider to do anything on the river or the riverfront needs to be cleaned up and intervened , which is huge project in itself , and my scope is limited to building typology with a multi use activity bridge , pedestrian road crossing bridge , parking, some parts of development as esplanade & required landscape for it. DESKTOP STUDY:• Railto bridge

- Venice (shopping & observations for the city)

• Galta bridge – Istanbul (Food fall in longitudinal pathway) CASE STUDY:• Churchgate subway-Mumbai (under level shopping) • Ameerpet metro station-Hyderabad (Food fall & urban movement) OTHER REFERENCES:• Highline –New York (urban skywalk &refreshment pockets in different typologies)

• Sabarmati –Ahmedabad (recreational spaces & green pockets) • Jawahar kalakendra -Jaipur (amphitheatre &gallery spaces) •

Modern solutions-Venice (Urban movement from old towns to central city)

NEED FOR THE STUDY:-

LITERATURE STUDY:BRIDGE:• A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle, such as a body of water, valley, or road, without closing the way underneath . Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it.

Types as per length • Up to 6m- Culvert • 7-15m—small span bridge • 16-50m medium span bridge • 50-150m large span bridge

• More than 150m -extra large bridge

Types of bridges • Bridges can be categorized in several different ways. Common categories include the type of structural elements use , carry ,fixed or movable &type of materials.

Structure types • Bridges may be classified by how the actions of .tension, compression, bending , torsion and shear are distributed through their structure

• Most bridges will employ all of these to some degree, but only a few will predominate. The separation of forces and moments may be quite clear. • In a suspension or cable-stayed bridge, the elements in tension are distinct in shape and placement. In other cases the forces may be distributed among a large number of members, as in a truss • Some Engineers sub-divide 'beam' bridges into slab, beam-and-slab and box girder on the basis of their cross-section. •

A slab can be solid or voided (though this is no longer favored for inspectability reasons) while consists of concrete or steel girders connected by a concrete slab.

• A box-girder cross-section consists of a single-cell or multi-cellular box. In recent years, integral bridge construction has also become popular.

Beam bridge

• Beam bridges are horizontal beams supported at each end by substructure units and can be either simply supported. • They are typically made of steel, concrete or wood. • Girder bridges and plate girder bridges, usually made from steel, are types of beam bridges. • Beam bridge spans rarely exceed 250 feet (76 m) long . • The world's longest beam bridge is Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in southern Louisiana in the United States, at 23.83 miles (38.35 km), with individual spans of 56 feet (17 m). 08

Truss bridge

Cantilever bridge

Tied arch bridge

• A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss. • This truss is a structure of connected elements forming triangular units. • The connected elements (typically straight) may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads • Cantilever bridges is a type of bridge which has horizontal beams supported on only one end. • Most cantilever bridges use a pair of continuous spans that extend from opposite sides of the supporting piers to meet at the center of the obstacle the bridge crosses. • Cantilever bridges are constructed using much the same materials and techniques as beam bridges. • The difference comes in the action of the forces through the bridge. • Some cantilever bridges also have a smaller beam connecting the two cantilevers, for extra strength. • Tied arch bridges have an arch-shaped superstructure, but differ from conventional arch bridges. • Instead of transferring the weight of the bridge and traffic loads into thrust forces into the abutments, the ends of the arches are restrained by tension in the bottom chord of the structure. They are also called bowstring arches. • • •

Cable-stayed bridges is similar to suspension bridge but in a cablestayed bridge, less cable is required and the towers holding the cables are proportionately higher. The first known cable-stayed bridge was designed in 1784 by C. T. (or C. J.) Löscher. The longest cable-stayed bridge since 2012 is the 1,104 m (3,622 ft) Russky Bridge in Vladivostok, Russia.

Cable-stayed bridge

suspension bridge

• Suspension bridges are suspended from cables. • The earliest suspension bridges were made of ropes or vines covered with pieces of bamboo. In modern bridges, the cables hang from towers that are attached to caissons or cofferdams. • The caissons or cofferdams are implanted deep into the bed of the lake, river or sea. Sub-types include the simple suspension bridge, the stressed ribbon bridge, the under spanned suspension bridge, the suspended-deck suspension bridge, and the self-anchored suspension bridge. There is also what is sometimes called a "semi suspension" bridge, of which the Ferry Bridge in Burton-upon-Trent is the only one of its kind in Europe. • The longest suspension bridge in the world is the 3,909 m (12,825 ft) Akashi Kaikyō Bridge in Japan

Fixed or movable bridges • Most bridges are fixed bridges, meaning they have no moving parts and stay in one place until they fail or are demolished. • Temporary bridges, such as bailey bridges, are designed to be assembled, and taken apart, transported to a different site, and re-used. • They are important in military engineering, and are also used to carry traffic while an old bridge is being rebuilt. • Movable bridges are designed to move out of the way of boats or other kinds of traffic, which would otherwise be too tall to fit. These are generally electrically powered.

Double-decked bridges • The double-decked George Washington Bridge, connecting New York City to Bergen County, New Jersey, US, is the world's busiest bridge, carrying 102 million vehicles annually. • This truss work between the roadway levels provided stiffness to the roadways and reduced movement of the upper level when the lower level was installed three decades after the upper level. • The Tsing Ma Bridge and Kap Shui Mun Bridge in Hong Kong have six lanes on their upper decks, and on their lower decks there are two lanes and a pair of tracks for MTR metro trains. •

Some double-decked bridges only use one level for street traffic; the Washington Avenue Bridge in Minneapolis reserves its lower level for automobile and light rail traffic and its upper level for pedestrian and bicycle traffic (predominantly students at the University of Minnesota).

Viaducts • A viaduct is made up of multiple bridges connected into one longer structure. such as the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway and Millau Viaduct.

Multi-way bridge • The Tridge is a type of multi-way bridge. • A multi-way bridge has three or more separate spans which meet near the center of the bridge. Multi-way bridges with only three spans appear as a "T" or "Y" when viewed from above. • Multi-way bridges are extremely rare. • ex:- The Tridge, Margaret Bridge, and Zanesville Y-Bridge

Bridge types by use • A bridge can be categorized by what it is designed to carry, such as trains, pedestrian or road traffic (road bridge), a pipeline or waterway for water transport or barge traffic. • An aqueduct is a bridge that carries water, resembling a viaduct, which is a bridge that connects points of equal height.

Bridge type

Materials used

Cantilever

For small footbridges, the cantilevers may be simple beams; however, large cantilever bridges designed to handle road or rail traffic use trusses built from structural steel, or box girders built from prestressed concrete

Suspension

The cables are usually made of steel cables galvanised with zinc, along with most of the bridge, but some bridges are still made with steelreinforced concrete.

Arch

Stone, brick and other such materials that are strong in compression and somewhat so in shear.

Beam

Beam bridges can use pre-stressed concrete, an inexpensive building material, which is then embedded with rebar. The resulting bridge can resist both compression and tension forces.

Truss

The triangular pieces of truss bridges are manufactured from straight and steel bars, according to the truss bridge designs.

Analysis and design • Usually bridges are designed by engineers. This follows from the importance of the engineering requirements; namely spanning the obstacle and having the durability to survive, with minimal maintenance, in an aggressive outdoor environment. • Bridges are first analyzed; the bending moment and shear force distributions are calculated due to the applied loads. For this, the finite element method is the most popular. The analysis can be one, two or three-dimensional. • For the majority of bridges, a 2-dimensional plate model (often with stiffening beams) is sufficient or an upstand finite element model. • On completion of the analysis, the bridge is designed to resist the applied bending moments and shear forces, i.e., section sizes are selected with sufficient capacity to resist the stresses. • Many bridges are made of prestressed concrete which has good durability properties, either by pre-tensioning of beams prior to installation or post-tensioning on site. • In most countries, bridges, like other structures, are designed according to Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) principles.

Bridge maintenance • Highway bridge treated with high-frequency impact treatment • Bridge maintenance consisting of a combination of structural health monitoring and testing. • This is regulated in country-specific engineer standards and includes e.g. an ongoing monitoring every three to six months, a simple test or inspection every two to three years and a major inspection every six to ten years. • The lifetime of welded steel bridges can be significantly extended by aftertreatment of the weld transitions . This results in a potential high benefit, using existing bridges far beyond the planned lifetime. Bridge vibration • Bridges vibrate under load and this contributes, to a greater or lesser extent, to the stresses. Vibration and dynamics are generally more significant for slender structures such as pedestrian bridges and long-span road or rail bridges. • One of the most famous examples is the Tacoma Narrows Bridge that collapsed shortly after being constructed due to excessive vibration. More recently, the Millenium Bridge in London vibrated excessively under pedestrian loading and was closed and retrofitted with a system of dampers. • For smaller bridges, dynamics is not catastrophic but can contribute an added amplification to the stresses due to static effects. • For example, the Eurocode for bridge loading specifies amplifications of between 10% and 70%, depending on the span, the number of traffic lanes and the type of stress (bending moment or shear force). Bridge health monitoring • There are several methods used to monitor the condition of large structures like bridges. • Many long-span bridges are now routinely monitored with a range of sensors. • Many types of sensors are used, including strain transducers, accelerometers, tiltmeters, and GPS. Accelerometers have the advantage that they are inertial, i.e., they do not require a reference point to measure from. This is often a problem for distance or deflection measurement, especially if the bridge is over water.

Aesthetics • • • • • • • •

The appearance of the bridge can have great importance. Often, this is the case with a large bridge that serves as an entrance to a city, or crosses over a main harbour entrance. These are sometimes known as signature bridges. Designers of bridges in parks and along parkways often place more importance to aesthetics, as well. To create a beautiful image, some bridges are built much taller than necessary. This type, often found in east-asian style gardens, is called a moon bridge, evoking a rising full moon. Other garden bridges may cross only a dry bed of stream washed pebbles, intended only to convey an impression of a stream. Often in palaces a bridge will be built over an artificial waterway as symbolic of a passage to an important place or state of mind. A set of five bridges cross a sinuous waterway in an important courtyard of the forbidden city in beijing, china. The central bridge was reserved exclusively for the use of the emperor, empress, and their attendants.

Aesthetics

The Prins Clausbrug across the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal in Utrecht, Netherlands

stone-faced bridges along the Taconic State Parkway in New York.

Bridge at Gatwick Airport The planes can go underneath the bridge

A footbridge :• is a bridge designed solely for pedestrians. • While the primary meaning for a bridge is a structure which links "two points at a height above the ground", a footbridge can also be a lower structure, such as a boardwalk, that enables pedestrians to cross wet, fragile, or mashy land. • Bridges range from stepping stones–possibly the earliest man-made structure to "bridge" water–to elaborate steel structures. Another early bridge would have been simply a fallen tree. In some cases a footbridge can be both functional and a beautiful work of art. Design

• Design of footbridges normally follows the same principles as for other bridges. But they are normally significantly lighter than vehicular bridges, they are more vulnerable to vibration and therefore dynamics effects are often given more attention in design. • To ensure footbridges are accessible to disabled and other mobility-impaired people, careful are provision of access lifts or ramps, as required by relevant legislation . • Footbridges can also be built in the similar ways as road or rail bridges; particularly suspension bridges and beam bridges. • Most footbridges are equipped with guard rails to reduce the risk of pedestrians falling. Where they pass over busy roads or railways, they may also include a fence or other such barrier to prevent pedestrians from jumping, or throwing projectiles onto the traffic below. It was originally usual for passengers to cross from one railway platform to another by stepping over the tracks, but from the mid-19th century onwards safety demanded the provision of a footbridge (or underpass) at busier places. • Different types of design footbridges include: • Timber footbridges • Steel footbridges • Concrete footbridge Tilak Nagar Station in Mumbai

Advantages • A bridge serves as an entrance to a city. • Much rural travel takes place on local footpaths, tracks and village roads. • These provide essential access to water, firewood, farm plots and the classified road network. Communities and/or local government are generally responsible for this infrastructure. Disadvantages • Pedestrian overpasses over highways or railroads are expensive, especially when elevators or long ramps for wheelchair users are required. • Without elevators or ramps, people with mobility handicaps will not be able to use the structure. People may prefer to walk across a busy road rather than climb a bridge. • It is recommended that overpasses should only be used where the number of users justify the costs. • Narrow, enclosed structures can result in perceptions of low personal security among users. Wider structures and good lighting can help reduce this.

SKYWAY • A skyway, skybridge, or skywalk is an elevated type of pedway between two or more buildings in an urban area for connections or walking or on mountains in recreational zones as walking tourist attraction. • Urban skyways very often consisting of an enclosed or covered footbridges, that protects pedestrians from the weather. In opposite, open-top modern skyways in mountains now often has the glass bottoms. • Sometimes enclosed urban skywalks are made almost totally from glass including ceilings, walls and floors. Also some urban skyways as linear parks known just for walking and rest. Environmental factors • Besides pedestrian safety and convenience, the chief reasons assigned by urban planners for skywalk development are decrease of traffic congestion, reduction in vehicular air pollution and separation of people from vehicular noise. • A number of cities (for example, Spokane, Washington) have given intricate analysis to skywalk systems employing computer models to optimize skywalk layout.

Golden Bridge skywalk in Vietnam

Fudao skywalk in -East China

Tennessee's tree top skywalk-Noth America

Glass Bottomed bridge -China 14

A RESTAURANT • It is a business that prepares and serves food and drinks to customers .Meals are generally served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services. • Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings, including a wide variety of cuisines and service models ranging from inexpensive fast food restaurants and cafeterias, to mid-priced family restaurants, to high-priced luxury establishments. Types of restaurants • Restaurants are classified or distinguished in many different ways. Restaurants range from inexpensive and informal lunching or dining places catering to people working nearby, with modest food served in simple settings at low prices, to expensive establishments serving refined food and fine wines in a formal setting. Fast casual

• Fast casual restaurants are primarily chain restaurants, the food is prepared at the restaurant than is the case at fast food chains. Fast casual restaurants usually do not offer full table service, but many offer non-disposable plates and cutlery. The quality of food and prices tend to be higher than those of a conventional fast food restaurant but may be lower than casual dining. Casual dining

• A casual dining restaurant (or sit down restaurant) is a restaurant that serves moderately priced food in a casual atmosphere. Except for buffet-style restaurants, casual dining restaurants typically provide table service.Premium casual Family style

• Family style restaurants are a type of casual dining restaurants where food is often served on platters and the diners serve themselves. It can also be used to describe family-friendly diners or casual restaurants. Cafeteria

• A cafeteria is a restaurant serving ready-cooked food arranged behind a foodserving counter. There is no table service. Typically, a patron takes a tray and pushes it along a track in front of the counter. Depending on the establishment, servings may be ordered from attendants, selected as ready-made portions already on plates, or self-serve their own portions.

Observation deck • An observation deck, observation platform, or viewing platform is an elevated sightseeing platform usually situated upon a tall architectural structure, such as a skyscraper or observation tower. • Observation decks are sometimes enclosed from weather, and a few may include coinoperated telescopes for viewing distant features. • above 10m from the ground surface.

Urban park • An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a municipal park (North America) or a public park, public open space, or municipal gardens (UK), is a park in cities and other incorporated places to offer recreation and green space to residents of, and visitors to, the municipality. The design, operation and maintenance is usually done by government agencies, typically on the local level, but may occasionally be contracted out to a park conservancy, friends of group, or private sector company. • Common features of municipal parks include playgrounds, gardens, hiking, running and fitness trails or paths, bridle paths, sports fields and courts, public restrooms, boat ramps, and/or picnic facilities, depending on the budget and natural features available. Park advocates claim that having parks near urban residents, including within a 10-minute walk, provide multiple benefits

Riverfront • Often in larger cities that are traversed or bordered by one or more rivers, the riverfront is lined with marinas, docks, cafes, museums, parks, or minor attractions. Today many riverfronts are a staple of modernism and city beautification.

View of Sabarmati Riverfront in Ahmedabad, May 2012

View over the Torrens River in Adelaide, Australia

ESPLANADE • An esplanade or promenade is a long, open, level area, usually next to a river or large body of water, where people may walk. In modern usage the space allows people to pave the area as a pedestrian walk; esplanades are often on sea fronts, and allow walking whatever the state of the tide, without having to walk on the beach. • Esplanade and promenade are sometimes used interchangeably. specifically intended for walking, though many modern promenades and esplanades also allow bicycles and other nonmotorized transport. • Minimum width -10m & above. 16

DATA COLLECTION

HUMAN -ANTHROPOLOGY

Dimensions are in cms

Volume occupied by humans in different activities

SERVICES STAIRS

RAMPS

ESCALATORS

MOVING WALKS

WASHROOM DETAILS-FOR PHYCALLY CHALLANGED PERSONS

LIFT

DATA COLLECTION:-

Dining areas

CYCLING TRACK & PARKING

PARKING

OPENINGS

LIGHTNING

Different illuminance lights for different activities 29

ROOF -GARDEN

Intensive

Semi-intensive

Semi-extensive

Extensive 30

DESKTOP STUDY-1 RIALTO BRIDGE VENICE ITALY

City level • Venice, the capital of northern Italy’s Veneto region, is built on more than 100 small islands in a lagoon in the Adriatic Sea. • It has no roads, just canals – including the Grand Canal thoroughfare – lined with Renaissance and Gothic palaces • The central square, Piazza San Marco, contains St. Mark’s Basilica, which is tiled with Byzantine mosaics, and the Campanile bell tower offering views of the city’s red roofs.

2 1 3

•

Bridge:- Railto bridge

•

Location:-venice

•

Highlights:-a stone arched bridge on river

•

Program:-Shopping(glass ,jewelry ,souvenirs ) & observation for city

•

Length:-48m ,wide -25m

•

Constructed :- 1591

•

Developer:- Nicolo Barattieri

•

Entire Venice of 2 sqkm east and 4 sqkm west side of Island are connected only with 4 bridges

CONSTITUTION BRIDGE Modern, arched, steel & glass footbridge with minimalist design, spanning the grand canal. Constructed in 2008 length-88m

width-6to 9m 1

clearance-7m SCALZI BRIDGE Stone arch bridge spanning the grand canal Modern, arched, steel & glass footbridge with minimalist design in 1934. Length-40m

width-6m 2

clearance-7m RAILTO BRIDGE Ornate covered 16th-century stone footbridge crossing the grand canal, with shops & restaurants constructed in 1591 length-48m

width-25m clearance-7.2m PONTE DELLACCADEMIA Wood-&-metal bridge over the grand canal adorned with padlocks. Constructed in 1985 length-50m width-5m

clearance-7.2m 32

RAILTO BRIDGE

• One of the renowned bridge with functions in the world, is the Ponte rialto across the grand canal in Venice. • The Ponte rialto is the one of the four bridges spanning the grand canal, constituted a bridge with a single arch and two rows of shops, which were completely constructed with stone. • The bridge is organized in two parallel mass, split up by the inclined ramp in center and also two parallel smaller shops. Urban structure • The position of the Ponte rialto with in the urban structure is one of the iconic quality. • It is the one of the most used bridge to cross the grand canal. • This configuration also allows for multi-directional movement, the user has a choice to return back to the starting point by changing the course at the center

Skyline • it is a recognizable skyline through its horizontally double inclined orientation, perpendicular to the riverbanks. • Specifically the tapering roof of rialto creates contrast in skyline • in addition the single arch spanning the river ,completes skyline while emphasizing the double inclined massing. • The maximum height reached by the bridge is on par with the neighboring building ,as a result the bridge is not evident as a part of the skyline. Proportions • In terms of proportions its height and depth , are modest, because they tends to merge into urban context .(that they do not emphasize visual difference with the surroundings.) However, the rialto spans approximately 28 meters across the canal. • The span of 28meters does not make the bridge differentiate itself from the urban morphology. 33

3ed

-Shops

• In terms of the physical appearance, the volume is non differentiated with in the structure . • The structure of the bridge and the buildings on its are continues, creating a unified single mass

Form • The iconic quality of bridge results contrast between the bridges and function hovering above the water ,and surrounding buildings along the riverbank which are merged into the soil . • in the sense the single arch, which support the functions and span the river represents an important iconic quality to differentiate the form with in its context

Movement of people at center , jewelry shops at peripheral

Looking towards street from bridge

View of central pathway ,Placing of stairs & openings.

Looking towards bridge from street

Movement • The bridge is organized in two parallel mass, split up by inclined ramps in the center and also two parallel, smaller ramps facing the canal on the edges. This organization creates a linear movement pattern along the bridge, and the opening in the center cross connects the ramps. • The center space acts as a pause point on the bridge towards the canal and the adjoining riverbanks. • This configuration also allows for multi-directional movement, the user has a choice to return back to the starting point by changing the course at the center. Materials • Ponte is largely constructed from stone, the functions of bridge is materialized differently than the primary bridge structure. The facades of shops are materialized with stone . • The primary structure represented by single arch made of same white stone making the arch merges into the stone constructed shops. • Use of glass and wood in shops . • Fabric curtains for shading in the bridge for the shops. • But the materialization of the surroundings is quite different from the bridge. 35

Technology • The single arch is a primary structure of Ponte to making the total length of bridge 28m. despite the fact that the primary arch structure is exposed

DENSITY OF PEOPLE • Surrounding activities around the bridge add more number of people to use the bridge for movement

Restaurants

Out door restaurant seating at north-west side of bridge

Out door restaurant seating at northeast side of bridge

• Depends on the occasional seasons the occupancy of people changes on bridge.

• More people on occasions and night time. • Well maintains & attracted with elements like artificial lights on bridge to get the vibes of occasion. • Placement of stalls on pathways in occasions.

INFERENCE • Can adopt ramps for universal access. • Can adopt full length shadings. • May chances of increase the level of river water in heavy rains.(may effect on human economy) 36

DESKTOP STUDY-2 GALATA BRIDGE -ISTANBUL • Bridge:-Galata bridge

• Location:-Istanbul. • Highlights:- linear dining pockets on span the golden horn river. • Program: -restaurants below , fishing & traffic above. • Architect:- Turkish literature • Length:-490m,width-43m • Renovated :- 1994

Istanbul is a major city in turkey that straddles Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus strait. Its old city reflects cultural influences of the many empires that once ruled here.

In the Sultanahmet district, the open-air, roman-era hippodrome was for centuries the site of chariot races, and Egyptian obelisks also remain. The iconic byzantine Hagia Sophia features a soaring 6th-century dome and rare Christian mosaics 37

Area development

Churches near bridge

Mosques near bridge

Heritage works

• Rapid growth of city due to bridge between two cities. • Major arterial roads connects at the bank of golden horn river.

• More of heritage structures & prescient’s. • Major people are from Christian & Muslim Figure ground

communities. • More of with dome with minerate structures . • Large plazas near the bridge. • Major commercial through seafood alternatives.

• Major import & export activities are passes through sea transport to from one city to others cities in this area. Road network 38

TRANSFORMATION OF BRIDGE FROM PERIODS The first bridge(1845) • Connects karakoy & eminonu • 500m long 3m wide

The second bridge(1863) • Replaced with wooden and widen •

for the visit of Napoleon III to Istanbul

The third bridge(1870) •

480 m (1,570 ft) long

•

14 m (46 ft) wide

• rested on 24 pontoons

The fourth bridge(1912) •

466 m (1,529 ft) long

•

25 m (82 ft) wide

• First floating bridge at center of river horn.

The fifth bridge(1994) •

490 m (1,610 ft) long with a main span of 80 m (260 ft). The deck of the bridge is 42 m (138 ft) wide and has three vehicular lanes and one walkway in each direction

VIEW OF GALATA BRIDGE FROM MAJOR PLACES Bird view of galanta bridge and surrounding activities from west side

View of galanta bridge from ozel rum

Ariel view of gulhane parki

View from Beyazit mosque

PARAMETRERS OF BRIDGE

RESTURANTS PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY WASHROOMS

Urban structure •

DETAILS OF PONTOONS

Bridge have the advantage to perform in the openness, hovering above the water ,of the urban landscape.

•

Like wise the Galata bridge clarifies its presence across the river golden horn, connecting the karakoy and eminonu riverbank of Istanbul.

•

Embracing its roadway users; the pedestrians and the tourist using the lower deck for the restaurants and while being observed from the riverbanks of the golden horn. 41

ACTIVITIES ON BRIDGE

FLOW OF TRAFFIC & PEDESTRIANS ON BRIDGE

BASCULE BRIDGE OPENS TO GIVE CLERANCE FOR LARGE SHIPS

ISOMETRIC VIEW HORIZONTAL PLANEROAD VERTICAL PLANE – ELEVATION OF BRIDGE

CROSS-SECTION OF BRIDGE Movement • The bridge is organized in two masses each with two levels, split up by the movable parts in the center . this organization creates a linear movement pattern along the bridge, and the opening in the center allows for the ship to pass trough . the lower deck acts as market on the bridge. 42

CONNECTIVITY

1. Entry for restaurant is from the below the road level with A sliding gate & a car parking aside 2. Gate are with different mechanisms of openable, sliding types with opening of 8m wide. 3. A security kiosk at all entry gates.

4. Cement flooring on entire surface of lower deck. 5. No additional ceiling design on pathways 6. Fully iron barigates & railing are provided in entire two levels of bridge. 7. Tints of grey theme colors on bridge. ACTIVE PATHWAY ON EDGE OF BRIDGE FISHING AT TOP & RESTAURANT AT BOTTOM

EAST SIDE OFBRIDGE WEST SIDE OF BRIDGE 43

SINGLE LEVEL RESTURANTS IN BRIDGE

At entrances • Use of bi-foldable doors to allow more people at once. • Only internal seating. • Free flow of movement with out any other activities on passage.

Internal arrangements • longitudinal linear seating. • Less ceiling details for maximum space usages. • Wooden flooring as good insulation. • Vintage chairs at centre and modern coloured seating at edges.

DUAL LEVEL RESTURANTS NEAR THE STAIR TOWER • 2 large with a mezzanine floor restaurants near the 4 stair towers are with dual level dining areas with a regular outdoor seating . • With a rise of 12cm plinth level bifurcates by steel and glass rails with the openings of 1.5m wide for restaurant entry’s • Concrete flooring on passage and granite flooring in restaurants • Mezzanine level with steel structure & covered with gypsum bords below, wooden floor at top.

• A awaiting lounge for 4 person capacity with a table at the entrance . • Bi foldable glass doors placed in restaurant to allow the breeze from the river, A full size opening on passage level & sill-ceiling level on mezzanine level. Which allows maximum natural light inside the restaurants. • fluorescent lights for the outdoor seating for good illuminances at night time.

DINING AREA • Full floor size seating with a mezzanine floor for dining are provided with a 2.7clearance at bottom & 2.3m clearance on mezzanine • Fully covers the false ceiling with different heritage expressions •

Paintings and murals on wall

• Bold & clear architectures on parapets with gypsum . • Vintage chandlers with led

lights for better power consumption. • Separate adjustable HVAC cooling systems for every restaurants. • Closed kitchens are placed in between the cross-section of

bridge . • No music systems are installed in restaurants . • All the restaurants follows the same theme on exterior expression • Service & storage area are

provided between the two large restaurants in between the longitudinal section of bridge

STAIR CASE TOWER

• A block with a arched framed structure work as a central vertical supports for the bridge & also for bascule movements. • Four stair towers on bridge to move from road level to restaurant level with only staircase access. • All the HVAC ventilations from the restaurant's & kitchen are collected and exhaust from these towers. • Observation deck for the visitors with a bioscopes to observe the micro details from the deck. • Concrete structure with a aluminum cladding for the entire stair tower. • Projected lightnings for tower from bottom are placed on deck. • All services are covered & maintained properly in tower

• Security kiosk with a security guard at the entry on road level with a gate which bifurcates the people. • Stairs follows universal standards 15cm rise with 30cm thread & 2m wide of landing at every 1.8m rise.

SHADING

A full length on south face of bridge are provided with shadings between the road & restaurant level Due to porous material screens • Width-2.5m, height varies from 3-7m • It may allow water droplets while • Mechanism-rotatory raining • Supported with MS channel track

• Helps to regulate fresh air from lake

1.Helps to minimize the sun rays & work was a shading devices 2. Helps to control the and avoid of rainfall inside the bridge

Multi color shadings on south-east face bridge

Plain shadings on south-west face of bridge

No shadings at north-west face of Galanta bridge 48

INTERCHANGE LANES

Staircase tower

Main lane to cross from one end to other end in below restaurant level at central part. • 4m wide corridor between at stair case tower. • 1.5m wide space are occupied by restaurant on right side • Main pathway for public to cross one side to other side of bridge. • Main way to enter for all bridge operations SERVICE AREA • 5m wide service corridor between shops near the stair -tower. • Main entry for the office ,greenrooms & kitchens from this corridor. • Corner place of 1m wide in corridor are occupied by representative restaurant's. • Work as a storage place for the restaurant’s. • allows extra storage for furniture in these pockets. • Central space ,Act as a activity spot for staff in leisure time • Helps them to perform rehearsals for music & dance in that area.

TOILETS Separate washrooms for men & women which follows barrier free aspects. Corridor •

Wide- 4m

• Clerance-2.75m Washroom • Entry wide-1.2m • Top-2.3m Barrier free:• Proper illuminated signs • No handrails • Pattern ramps for easy access Security :• CCtv surveillances in corridors

Materials :• Granite flooring • Tile cladding in corridor • Pattern tile in display board level • Aluminum plate frame at entrances Other services:• AFS gates at entries for washrooms • Led lightning through the pathway. • Diffusers at central pathway to send odour out • Drain are placed at equal intervals at corners with slope line INFERENCE • Can adopt more mechanical services (lifts & escalators) to reach from level to other level. • Can adopt channeled music system in restaurants. • Can adopt barrier free designs in restaurants . • Can adopt proper parking indications at entry gates. • Due to heavy rains can rise of river water , effect the activities on lower level of bridge. 50

CASE STUDY-1

CHURCH GATE SUBWAY (MUMBAI)

• Bridge:-church gate subway • Location:-Mumbai ,India • Highlights:-pedestrian crossing under pass in central junction Mumbai. • Program: -shopping , pedestrian pathway. • Developer:-BMC • Length , width:-(u shape ) 57m,6m 33m,20m 50m,6m • Renovated :- 1994 ICONIC PLACES IN MUMBAI

Worli bridge

Elephant caves

Marine drive

Taj hotel

Gate way of india Church gate

Cst terminal 51

CITY LEVEL INTRODUCTION • Mumbai (formerly called Bombay) is a densely populated city on India’s west coast. A financial center, it's India's largest city. On the Mumbai Harbour waterfront stands the iconic Gateway of India stone arch, built by the British Raj in 1924. • Offshore, nearby Elephanta Island holds ancient cave temples dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. • The city's also famous as the heart of the Bollywood film industry.

DIVISION OF MUMBAI CITY Mumbai sub urban on northern side- 446 km² . • Maximum on land activities. Mumbai city on southern side-157km². • Equal share for on land and coastal activities. • IT plays major in revenue part of the city.

CHURCH GATE • During the eighteenth and up to the mid-19th century, Mumbai was a walled city. • The city walls had three gates, and Church Gate, named after St .Thomas cathedral , Mumbai was one of the gates. • The gate was situated near the present day location of Flora fountain . • In the mid-19th century, the city walls were torn down to aid in the expansion program

MAJOR LANDMARKS

Wankhede Stadium (700m)

Fashion street (650m)

Marine drive (450m)

Cross maidan garden (600m)

Brabourne stadium (320m)

Oval maidan (10m) 52

AHILYABAI HOLKAR CHOWK JUNCTION

SITE SURROUNDINGS • Total no of entry &exits -4 • All gates are surrounded and occupied with

hawkers and vendors. • Surrounded With major food fall 1. Western railway head office 2. Indian railway commercial catering

3. Industrial assurance building 5

4. Eros cinemas 5. National housing bank Towards road a. Vn road

b. Maharshi karve road c. Jamshedji tata road

EXISTING FLOW CHART

Gate-1

Gate-4

Gate-2

Pathway Hawkers

Gate-3

FLOOR PLAN Gate-1

Gate-4

Gate-2

Gate-3

STRUCTURE

• Constructed 3.6m below the surface.at cross junction • Total area 1.6ksqm(3.9k cqm ). • Every entry gate block is in rectangular form of 8m*12m. • With 7m wide openings. • 3 landings in between 3.6m rise. • Each shop in the size of block -4m*3m . • A full length of offset from wall 1.5m occupied by hawkers for business People who are using subway ? • 80% people who are using subway for shopping & 20 % people are using for alternative route to cross main road. • Due to having more dense in subway 60% of people who want to cross the road are not using this subway • They are crossing on main roads ,it causes accidents. 54

STRUCTURAL DETAILS A

B 2.4

SHOPS

SHOPS C

HAWK ERS 2

3.6

HAWK ERS .6

LONGITUDINAL SECTION-A

3.6

HAWK ERS

HAWK ERS 6

CROSS SECTION-B

STRUCTURAL DETAILS Tar road

Detail -A

Double layered slab Retaining wall -400mm

Detail -B

200mm deep beam 600mm dia column

Detail -C

Shop partitions 150mm elevated plinth 100mm base cover

AT ENTRY & EXIT GATES

GATE-2

GATE-1

AT GATE-3

AT GATE-4

• All the entry gates are with wide openings of 7m ,Except gate no :-3 & clearance of 2.5m •

Arranged with collapsible gates& a proper signs of gate no's with illuminates.

• May cause problems at entrances at the time of rain. • Provided Side windows to entrance block which has 0.3 factor of window to wall ratio • . Opening of 4 blocks 84sqm(24% of total subway area). ❖ Major shops in subway- garments, foot ware, sun glasses ,mobile accessories and other electronics Major eateries Infront of entry gates

Aarey Milk & retail shop

Cafe Markiv’s-30 persons seating capacity 56

MAJOR ACTIVITIES Urban structure • The position of the subway placed with in the commercial is one of the iconic quality. • It is the one of the most used shopping rather than crossing as alternative way. • This configuration also allows for multi-directional movement, the user has a choice of different destination ends by changing the course at the center Density of people • Depends on the occasional seasons the occupancy of people in subway changes. • More people on peak and night time. • Works more on low cost & duplicate daily necessary things.

services

Illuminates • Over illuminates at some shops & under luminates at some shops. • Different color schemes used as per their commercial uses. • Exposed electrical services and falling due to over lengths in front of shops. • No artificial-air ventilation in the subway. • Works on three phase system. • Separate power supply for subway with 24x7 supply with auto generates power supply in case of any issues external main supply.

INSIDE THE SUBWAY

• Exposed services feels less aesthetics but helps to find problems in case of circuits &connections easily.

• occupancy some part of wall portion by hawkers minimize Passage way at center. • People can experience dynamic skyline in this entire passage.

• Clear granite flooring on pathway • Cross-section Pattern entire stairs tread on granite . • Having only hand rails as per barrier free aspects &some parts of stairs are occupied by hawkers 58

GATE -3 WAY

• Narrow opening & passage can makes the passage more dense compare to other ways

• Density of people in subway at 5:00am early morning

INFERENCE • Can adopt shadings at entry gates. • Can create a barriers for hawkers for clear flow of the people. • Narrow opening &passage of entry gate- 3 Can guided by placing illuminates for every step to avoid the placing of foot on steps while moving in rush time. • can adopt Fire safety features smoke detectives , sprinklers etc. • VENTILATION By placing HVAC ducts ceiling of subway under the road can be ventilated. or By adding puncture at interval at roads can make the space naturally ventilated.

Proposal wind towers where open space on the road

Vertical projections for ventilation 59

AMEERPET METRO STATION (HYDERABAD)

CASE STUDY -2

• Bridge:-Ameerpet metro station • Location:-Hyderabad , India • Highlights:-urban transits system central junction.. • Program: -transit , shopping, restaurants • Developer: government of Telangana , Larsen & toubro constructions • Length:-140m ,width 40m

• Constructed:-2018

City development • Hyderabad is the capital of southern India's Telangana state. • A major center for the technology industry, it's home to many upscale restaurants and shops. • Its historic sites include Golconda Fort, a former diamond-trading center that was once the Qutub Shahi dynastic capital. • The Charminar, a 16th-century mosque whose 4 arches support tower in minarets, is an old city landmark near the long-standing Lad Bazaar.

DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITIES IN HYDERABAD

MAJOR TOURIST PLACES IN HYDERABAD

1.Chilkur

7.Prasad himax

12.Clock tower

18.Meccamasjid

2.Shilparamam

8.Ntr gardens

13.Kachiguda

3.Cyber towers

9.Birla mandir

14 salarjung museum

19.Falaknama palace

4.Peddama temple

10.Paradise

15.High court

5.Purijaganath temple

11.Secundrabad

16.Mgbs

railways station

17.Charminar

6.Tankbund

20.Zoo park 21.Golkonda 22.Deccan park 23.-Tombs 61

AMEERPET • Ameerpet is pretty famous for shopping area, right from ladies, gents, children fashions to house hold groceries , vegetables to Furnitures , lighting, house decors , etc. • You could find anything and everything that too at affordable prices. • This is the primary reason for Ameerpet being famous. Metro station • The Hyderabad Metro is a rapid transit system, serving the city of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. • It is the second longest operational metro network in India after the Delhi Metro (285 stations) with 57 stations and the lines are arranged in a secant model. Operator(s): Hyderabad Metro Rail Ltd. (HMRL)

Began operation: 29 November 2017 Number of lines: 3 Daily ridership: 490,000 (February 2020) Owners: Government of

Telangana (10%), Larsen & Toubro (90%)

AMEERPET METRO STATION

• Ameerpet Metro Station is an interchange metro station between the Red Line and Blue Line of the Hyderabad metro. • The Ameerpet Inter-change Metro Station is one of the largest metro stations

in india with a sprawling premises over 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2). • Ameerpet metro station is one of the busiest metro stations in Hyderabad with daily footfalls of around 32,000 commuters. 62

FLOOR PLANS

35sqm

70sqm

40sqm

36sqm

105sqm

32 30

30sqm

30 35sqm

90sqm

250sqm 30

120sqm 20sqm

Concourse

70sqm

150sqm

80sqm

10sqm

12sqm

10sqm

500sqm 150sqm 15sqm

25sqm

140mx40m

Lower platform -

entry & exit

Afc gates

eateries

retail

Garments

Stairs

Lifts

Escalators

Staffrooms

Office

Mechanical operational

washrooms

Area occupied

6000m²

HVAC & other services

Ground coverage

545(9%)

Central pathway

Level Clearance

+10.5,17m 4m

120m²(3.5%) 4-8m

Admin Clock room

10m²

Stairs

435m²(7%)

Retail

10-150m²

Elevators

50m²(.8%)

Stalls

10-120m²

Escalators

200m²(3%)

Offices & staff

800m² 63

CROSS SECTION

•

The entire structure slabs & partitions are precast , foundation & columns are cast in situ.

•

Precast slabs & beams are locked with tendon cables.

•

Sewage & sanitary pipelines are placed in columns from concourse level to the city ground level.

•

Ramps are provided for lifts and escalators, stairs are placed on pedestrian pathway with raised plinth of 40cm to avoid any issues in rainy seasons .

Coffered slab type

Multicolor illuminates at road level

passage below the station turns dark at road level in day time 64

Shopping needs no reason! Grocery shopping! • It’s a routine for a majority of the population to buy groceries on their way back home Ratnadep to make grocery shopping a piece of cake. • From basics like sugar and flour to products like fruits and nuts are available fresh daily. • All type of stalls which includes emergency situations Medplus. • Also had a garment store zudo in metro stations with range of collections. • Also has some mobile acceseroisrs stalls in

station • Kiosks selling accessories, Pashmina scarves & shawls, very famous kolhapuris and much more which help commuters to save time by shopping on the move without having to step out of the station.

• If you’re a Hyderabadi food lover, you’ll surely love hanging out at the local cafe available at Ameerpet Metro Station. • It is a startup company that provides tasty local dishes in true Hyderabadi “Galli” style at very reasonable prices.

• Placement of urban transports like ola have a counter at concours level to book the journey for people without wasting their time

in travel • With size of 3x3m space.

FOOD STALLS • The very famous ‘Dadus Mithal’ is available at Ameerpet Metro Station. • The place is beautifully decorated and offers a wide variety of mouth-watering sweets, appetizers, main course . • it has a good seating area with tables & chairs ,which accommodate from single person to family range perfectly. • more of takeover orders for the busy travelers who travels the metro daily. 12.5m

kitchen

utility

Shopping

10m

pantry st or ag e

passa ge Dining

Amenities Dining-50m² Shopping-30m² Kitchen-20m² Pantry-15m² Storage-10m² Utility-5m² Outside Passage

• Consists 50 persons seating capacity which adopts universal levels for every age groups . • Provided a charging socket for

each table on wall surface.

Types of seating • Chair & wall mount type. • use of warm colour theme in entire seating area. 66

Emergency escape & illuminances • Only single inflow & outflow from entrance of 2m wide

• Opening vintage halogen illuminates at dining areas & leds at workspace & retail space • No linear rope lights

Services • Closed kitchen with attached storage • Intermediate pantry with counter facility. • Utility service & waste treatment activities are provided in kitchen. • No clock room & washrooms for kitchen staff • Additional storage for kitchen services are placed in aside of dining hall.

Materials •

use of ceramic tiles for flooring

•

Wood & laminates for aesthetics

•

Glass for visual connections

•

Maintained luminance with split led system.

•

Ventilated by 4 tons ac unit.

INFERENCE •

Need more aesthetics in restaurant services .

•

Can add small openings for natural ventilation.

•

Can have hidden baggage counter

•

Can have internal connections between the other eateries.

•

Can add one emergency fire escape at rear side of dining hall. 67

VERTICAL MOVEMENT EXTERNAL ACCESS

•

All four sides of station are provided with a staircase ,escalators for upward movement & lifts with 13 persons capacity from street level to concourse level .

•

Shutter & surveillances system at entries for security factors.

•

Display of entry gates in 4 major languages which were used by locals with well illuminated systems.

INTERNAL ACCESS

• All four sides of platform are provided with a staircase and upward movement escalators of 1m wide • Pair of lifts at center & single unit lift opposite of central lifts 13 persons capacity each from concourse to every platform on both sides. • Additional pair of staircase and escalators with two movements (up,down) provided at central zone to allow maximum flow of people between platform & concourse. • Maintained universal step proportions to allow all age groups, as 15cm rise & 30 cm tread with 2m wide passage 68

BARRIER FREE AND SIGNAGES ASPECTS • The station encourages universal design, • Entire full length with intermediate crossings. • Paths are consisting of tactile tiles to guide the blind • Mentioned the way of directions for activities. • Braille on the lift buttons for the blinds.

• Clearly mentioned the escape routes. • Maintained universal signages for activates. • With emergency illuminate technology.

Emergency factors • Fire Safety and Property Protection Systems such as •

Automatic detection of the fire

•

Automatic suppression of the fire

•

Compartmentation of the fire

•

Property protection

• State of the art in designing for fire safety Other fire safety measures include 4 emergency escape staircases, emergency equipment rooms, fire fighter access rooms, access for fire fighter. 69

HVAC SERVICES •

Small HVAC units for entire station due

to elevated structure. •

Total carry of 10 tons capacity.

•

Provided for admin & offices &staffrooms

•

Separate hvac units for retail, footstalls

PARKING • Poorly maintained parking.

• 4 wheelers at closed envelop. • 2 wheelers on pedestrian pathways.

• In active space in metro station due to un occupancy by activities.

INFERENCE •

Can adopt colored footprints on the floor designated for the purpose of guiding the way of the metro line platforms to the passengers

•

Can adopt running gallery in station.

•

The terminals do not have any specific routes for staff to enter main activity other than public way.

•

Can adopt some landscape & waterscape elements in station for refreshments.

•

Can have Rain water harvesting.

•

Can have low u-value building envelope and roof &solar panels.

•

Can adopt Energy efficient advanced STP and WTP

•

Issues in Parking Can solved and maintained properly. 70

REFERENCE STUDY-1 HIGHLINE , NEWYORK (URBAN SKY WALK ) • Bridge

:- The High line

• Location

:- New York

• Highlights :- Linear urban skywalk spur on the west side of Manhattan • Program

:- Moss lands ,meadows, wetlands , plazas , woodlands sundecks concessions.

• Length

:- 2.33km,6-12m wide

• Renovated :- 2009 • Architect

:- Diller Scofidio + Renfro, and Piet Oudolf

SITE PLAN

TRANSFORMATION

Time line of highline 71

Access & inter changes

Building Typologies

Vertical access

Activities

• Skywalks covers the different activity zones , more of manufactures ,communities , commercial & transportation . • Different types of landscape & refreshment activities are designed on walk. • Placement of stairs , elevators & ramps are provided at major junctions & active places on road level. • Creates a free flow of , observations ,landscape movement over the journey. 72

LEVELS AND CLEARANCES

SEATING TYPE -1

Sculpture's in between the skywalks

Waterparks with Different types of seating

Intermediate activates on the walk 73

ECONOMICAL & SOCIAL ASPECTS • The highline’s “forest” houses many species of flora. • Seating Is spare, if available at all ,suggesting that this curated collection of plants as an ephemeral moment and the ensure that plants stay healthy human contact should be left to be minimum • Direct and Indirect Revenue Opportunities With nearly million annual visitors the High Line has clearly been able to establish itself as a genuine tourist attraction for New York. •

The High Line Shop is a storefront on the High Line itself that allows visitors to purchase a variety of items, including books, clothing and other accessories.

•

High Line Food creates a sustainable food system on the Revenue from the program supports the maintenance and operation of the High Line.

•

Stretches of track and ties recall the High Line’s former use, and portions of track have been reused to create lounges positioned for

incredible views of the city and river. • Certain stretches are elevated above the former track, while in other spots visitors can walk along the tracks that used to carry everything from milk to meat to manufactured goods.

•

Sections of the High Line also run right through buildings, providing another context around this combination of an urban landscape with a natural one. 74

SEATING TYPE -1

1. Small observation deck with elevated seating bench for clear observation toward city. 2. An illuminated frame draws attention from the street and illuminates subjects with in said frame 3

SEATING TYPE -2

3. A less of park than a viewing apparatus for repositioning your body in relation to the city

• Wooden Stepped seating in the skywalks passes from the busy commercial buildings at center. • Universal seating for all type of age groups . • Straight & Inclines as lounge type seating's.

• With voids at intermediates plays as good communication activities • placing trees as background elements ,supported with walls which helps as back rests. • Materials- wooden strips are sticks together and formed require shapes. 75

SEATING TYPE -3 • Similar to seating type -2 • linear stepped seating rested on surface of building ,work as a shading. • Illuminated steps for good guiding's for stepping. • Handrails for over height bifurcation safety • Materials - wooden strips are arranged in the form of seating sections. • Surface of wood Finished with a layer of high Varnished melamine.

• Proper seating with 1.2m tread , rise of 30 cm maintained ,with intermediate stair rise of 15 cm. 76

SEATING TYPE -4 A urban theatre provides seating with views over at 10th avenue

• Seating's along with foot rest, with added ramps zig –zag type for universal access in each level.

• The urban theatre gives a unique view of street ,but from the street level , they are framed. In the same way billboards and advertisements proliferate the city, the highline challenges this reality by advertising the human experience to any one looking up from the streets. 77

OTHER TYPE OF RELAXING PLACES ON THE WAY

• More seating on the central section of the highline shaded by large trees

• Benches emerge from the floor and dance

• Proper seating chairs with arm rest & back rest on the skywalk

• In contrast to the seat-less forest , an

alongside trees.it appears as it floor planks

urban lawn can be found directly

deformed upwards and by no human

north of the forest. Here, grass lawns

intervention ,turning into seating

are raised to the height of a bench ,Inviting anyone to be part of it

PROVIDES • The high line allows visitors to experience the urban landscape of new york within a natural setting. • The mixture of plants and trees is designed to blend into the textures and colors of the city. The species of perennials, grasses, shrubs and trees were chosen for their hardiness, sustainability, and textural and color variation, with a focus on native species. •

Many of the species that originally grew on the high line’s rail bed are incorporated into the park’s landscape.

•

The plants on the high line are not limited to native ones though, and include sturdy meadow plants and scattered strands of sumac and smoke bush.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION WORK OF HIGHLINE IN 2004

concrete layers for proper level surface

Placing polythene base for maximum grow of intensive vegetation

Concealed electrical circuits & other required services

Exposed rail track to merge as element in landscape

Accurate Interlocking the concrete blocks & other parts on surface

Galvanizing the old steel frames for corrosion free 79

1. “ Intermingling” concrete and grass. The tapered edges of the concrete. soften the boundary between hard and soft. 2. Watering and looking after the planting. 3. Built on raised section of the new York central railroad spur. 4

4. Rails remain on walkway for any future activities.

PROJECT SUCESS • By the intervention of a new paving system they became able to merge the landscape with the building materials and greenery became a substantial part of the experience. • They promoted the sense of duration by designing the experiences with various lengths of times in the promenade. • They had a careful sense of dimension and scale while designing the physical environment. • They have designed specialized zones with various functions and experiences with the morphology and landscape. • They introduced public squares, observations spaces, seating areas, paths, sunbathing decks, botanical gardens and etc. • By peeling up the pavement units, several functions were introduced for the users such as benches, planters, work-spaces.

INFERENCE • Can adopt shadings in the walkway.

• Can adopt organic agriculture on skywalk . 80

RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT (AHMEDABAD)

REFERENCE STUDY-2

• Project:-Sabarmati river front development

corporation limited • Location:-Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India • Program:-waterfront& riverfront development • Area:-11.5km length , 200-350m wide • Opening:-gradually since august 2012 • Architect:-Bimal Patel-led HCP design, planning and management pvt. Ltd • Ahmedabad, in western India, is the largest city in the state of Gujarat. Area:- 464 km². • The river Sabarmati flows from north to south splitting Ahmedabad into almost two equal parts. • For many years, it has served as a water source • And provided almost no formal recreational space For the city. • As the city has grown, the Sabarmati river had been Sabarmati river and Ahmedabad. . • As the city has grown, the Sabarmati river had been abused and neglected and with the increased pollution was posing a major health and environmental hazard to the city.

DEVELOPMENT OF CITY

• The slums on the riverbank were disastrously flood prone and lack basic infrastructure services. • The River became back of the City and inaccessible to the public • On the western bank is the Gandhi ashram at Sabarmati, which displays the spiritual leader’s living quarters and artifacts. • Across the river, the calico museum of textiles, once a cloth merchant's mansion, has a significant collection of antique and modern fabrics.

WHY ?

Sabarmati has always been important to Ahmedabad. • As a source for drinking water. • As a place for recreation. • As a place to gather. • Place for the poor to build their hutments. • Place for washing and drying clothes. • Place for holding the traditional Market. 81

OBJECTIVES FOR NEW DEVELOPMENTS •

Environmental Improvement .

•

Creating network of public open spaces.

•

Providing adequate public access to the river.

•

Rehabilitation of the slums .

•

Rehabilitation of Gujari Bazaar .

•

Rehabilitation of Dhobis (Washermen).

•

Creating vibrant urban neighborhood

•

Recreational Activities.

BEFORE

AFTER

BEFORE

AFTER

SECTION VIEWS 82

River Training as per hydraulic requirement • River width in such a way that, expected High Flood Level(HFL) in the River in its natural condition, does not significantly increase after it is constricted and trained. • Height of Retaining walls and Embankment in relevance to HFL • The Depth of Diaphragm wall to protect scouring of the Riverbed • Stability of existing bridges by protecting piers against increased velocity as per the design HFL

Basic infrastructure •

Diaphragm Wall, Anchor Slab, Ghats and Ramps

•

Retaining Wall, Staircases and Ramps

•

Extension of Outfalls, Interceptor Sewage & Junction Chamber, Pumping Station

•

Pier Protection of existing Bridges Basic

•

Earth Fill

Construction process •

Original condition

•

Retaining wall & earth fill

•

Diaphragm wall &anchor slab

•

further development

PIER PROTECTION OF EXISTING BRIDGES

For all five existing bridges have been protected against expected increased velocity of flood:-

• Subhash , Gandhi , Nehru , Ellis , Sardar Bridges 83

SEWERAGE NETWORK

• To stop flow of sewage and to keep the river clean Diversion (Interceptor) of Sewage • East Bank: 15 Km • • West Bank: 12.3 Km Total work: • RCC pipe (1.2 m to 2.2 m Dia) 17800 Rmt • RCC Box drains (1.7 m x 1.8 m to 2.25 m x 1.8 m twin box) 3200 Rmt . • Rising main: 5000 Rmt and GRP pipeline : 1300 Rmt. • Total drains: 48 Nos (28 on West & 20 on East) • Junction chambers: Total 41 Nos. (23 on West and 18 on East)

ROAD NETWORK

East Bank: • Four lane road creating North - South link of 10.55 km connecting river with East Ahmedabad through 10 approaches. • The major connection with the road leading to the Airport avoiding traffic congestions. • Connection with the fort wall city having many markets in central Ahmedabad and biggest city bus terminus i.e. Laldarwaja etc. West Bank: • This is also four lane road of 9.25 km length parallel to the major north - south ashram road on this side. • This will help to manage traffic of commercial development of west Ahmedabad and proposed central business district through 11 approaches.

RIVER WALK • Its connect the all points but it can be make interesting by creating signage murals &paintings. • It can de developed through a linear rope light ,helps to guide the pathway in dark time. POOL WADI • The length of pool wadi can be added with seating spaces for people at equal interval of 1030m for relaxation. GREEN HOUSE • It is closed due to some renovation. • A shade which is used in green house is semi transparent and heat absorber it can used in some parts of garden for shade • In entire flower garden there is only 2 shelters are provided ,which may create all people to accommodate in those shelter at rainy time. SEATING PLAZA • IT A space for eating and relaxation space . its is at exit point of flower garden , out side people can access freely. Due to not having any shades people are taking the food and eating at lower promenade. AMPHITHEATRE • The shelters in amphitheatre require ramps to access for all physical challenged people to enter . •

Require ramps to cross from one level to other level steps in amphitheatre. 85

TREES • Require wide spread trees to create natural shade , also helps to make dense with greenery on surface and helps for natural ventilations The project has strengthened and upgraded the existing Gujari Bazaar.

REHABILITATION OF GUJARI BAZAAR (Unorganized Sunday market) on nearby well developed riverfront market . Capacity : • 1641 vendors Parking: • Two wheelers: 1942 • Car: 428 • Area: 63,000 Sq. Mt. • Tree Plantation: 800 Nos • Dhobis using river bed for this activity have been rehabilitated. • Sate of art Laundry campus and unique of it’s kind in the country. • Total seven blocks have been constructed • Facility to use terrace to get the clothes dry Can use washing machines, dryers. • Used water is discharged in to the existing STP just behind. • Area : 9380 Sqmt, Capacity : 168 Dhobi • Toilet Block, Admin Office, Electric sub station, etc.

REHABILITATION OF DHOBIS (WASHERMEN)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT • Interceptor sewer system ensuring clean water in the river • Retention of water in the river almost for the whole year • having 12.5 million cubic meter storage of the water, recharge of ground water aquifers of the city. • Plantation of more than 20000 trees and development of various gardens and parks, biodiversity park etc. As green area.

INFERENCE • Turns entire land in to concrete jungle. • No voids to absorb water on land. • May cause floods in heavy rainfalls.

REFERENCE STUDY-3 JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA,RAJASTHAN (CENTRAL AMPHI THEATRE) • Project:- Jawahar Kala Kendra • Location:- old city of Jaipur, Rajasthan • Highlights:-cultural centre to preserve the Rajasthani arts & crafts • Program:- amphi ,auditorium, library, arts display rooms, cafeteria, small hostel and artstudio • Area:-9.5 acres • Constructed:-1986 • Architect:-Charles correa

CONCEPT • ‘Vastu Shastra’ an ancient science of architecture in India that identified relations between forces of nature and living in an architectural space. • It is about designing a space and eventually buildings, temples and cities in a way to enable living in harmony with the forces of nature. • The basis of Vastu Shastra when simplified, seems to rest on the following • Cosmic influence:-The heavily bodies in the celestial space influences the activity on the surface of the earth. • Solar energy:- Energy levels and radiations from sunrays is not the same all over the surface of the earth. • Geo-magnetic fields: The magnetic field between the North and the South poles of the earth affects the bio-organisms. • Geology of the crust:- Materials used for the construction and otherwise which can be extracted from nearby. •

Hydrology and Eco-systems:-Habitable regions depend on perennial sources of water and the types of supportive vegetation.

• Socio- cultural beliefs: -Emergence of the human society from primitive to tribal to organized levels of a structured society. 87

Open space-

Circulation Green space-

Planet

Colour

Quality

Function

Venus

White

Art

Theatre

Jupiter

Lemon yellow

Knowledge

Library

Ascending node (rahu)

Iridescent

Restorer

Documentation

Saturn

Earth red

Knowledge

Museum2

Descending node (ketu)

Brown/ black

Anger

Museum 1

Mercury

Golden yellow

Education

Lok kala kendra

Moon

Milky white

Mars

Red

Heart Power

Cafeteria Administration

ONE STAGE FOR ALL ACTIVITIES

MADHYAVARTI

Open air theatre-size of 30mx30m with seating stairs beside wall with central circular stage at center. Planes that rest on 8 squares were well connected to central open air theatre and the 3

best part of it were the stepped platforms which could used as seating area. All four sides of surroundings are covered with 8m long wall with central connected from all block library, vehicular entrance, gallery's , workshops pattern pergolas play different movements with light & shadows.

RESPONSE TO CLIMATE 1.small activities on central stage. 2.for promotional advertisements or for large screens. 3.accommodate people at one side for activities 4.concentric occupy of people on steps with major activity at central .

• Materials:- red stone &white marble.

• Vastu symbol on façade of each unit. • Small punctures on wall for ventilations • Light shafts have step profiles with marble capping. • Light shafts at corner of each unit

INFERENCE

• Central courtyard in light & air

•

Can adopt adjustable shading helps in case of sudden rain in amphi.

•

Can adopt ramps for universal access.

REFERENCE STUDY-4 CONNECTING OLD TOWN WITH THE CITY (VICTORIA , SPAIN) • Location:-victoria , spain • Highlights:- A urban movement from towns TO centro cultural montehermoso kulturunea. • Program:-linear upward movement for pedestrians. • Length-250m , wide-1.5m • Constructed in :-2018 • Developer:-Victoria government • A unique example found in Vitoria, Spain looks like a work of art. • Seven Elevator moving walks interlink to

help older residents and tourists traverse the steep streets to reach the upper area of the historic district. • A city with a historic structure at center at high terrain. •

Covered with concentric settlement of residents in lower terrain’s with main streets.

City map of Victoria

SECTION VIEW

PLAN VIEW

• A total length of 130m on both sides are covered by 4 moving walks of each 32m length with 5m wide passage for vehicles in between the streets.

View of streets from the inter-junction

Passage for vehicles in between the moving walks

•

Flow of people from moving walks

Free movement for all age groups with ramps , staircase & mechanical movement

A sectional view in passage with incline surfaces to run off rain water.

• Flow of air movement in it , refresh the passage and escapes from the top of the frame.

• Anti glare and low heat absorbing glass placed between the frames to maintain visual connections and act as shading from sun. • Use of polished natural stone in city for stairs & ramps .which feels as a merged element with surrounding buildings.

View of illusion in movement

One way passage Entrance

Guiderails in entire passage

Illuminated ramps at dark time

ANALYSIS 1. On the outside, the lines of glass that connect different positions of the porticoes make up an apparent complex and dynamic three-dimensional figure, though there is only one portico and thus a simple and rational construction process. 2. The basic stainless steel and glass portico acts similarly to the shots of a film, by means of rotary movements around a virtual axis in sequences of one meter. 3. The sensation of rotational movement that the user perceives uses the movement of the ramp itself to create a connected sequence that holds one's interest all the way up, creating different views in different places along the way. The permanent exterior vision through the glass contributes to this sensation produced by the continuous turning of the porticoes. 4. The decision to cover the ramps allows a better guaranteed use, given the extreme winter conditions in Vitoria.

INFERENCE • Can improves good flow of people by two way of mechanical movement. • Can improve internal ventilation by adding some other elements like intermediate jails. • Can adopt convertible shadings at junctions for free human & vehicular access.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS QUALITATIVE Criteria for analysis

Desktop study-1 Ponte rialto bridge

Desktop study-2 Galata bridge

Case study-1 Church gate subway

Casestudy -2 Ameerpet metro station

Location

Venice , Italy

Istanbul , turkey

Church gate ,Mumbai , India

Ameerpet, Hyderabad ,Telangana ,India

Surrounding s

In between the two banks of river with different typology activities

In between the two river banks of river with different typology activities

Fully commercial activities

In city central with different typology activities

Helps to create commercial surrounding

Context

Integrated into city through necessity (Major canal crossing)

Integrated into city through infrastructur al connections

Integrated in city through tunnel connections

Integrated into city through infrastructur al connections

Integrated into city through different connections

Stature

Iconic , but also necessary functional purpose

Waterfront benefits from the functions of the bridge

Require some solutions for unorganized occupancy

Helps people from various programs.

Necessary some solutions for minimal issues

Massing

A pair of linear strips , sandwiched by path

Central linear swatch with occasional cut through

Lined sides , relief in center

A rectangular hallow block with curve shade

Masses as per their ideas & uniqueness

Levels

Single (Stepped , strictly pedestrian )

Dual (Street/ transport above , pedestrians below)

Single (pedestrian)

Triple (1concourse 2&3 platforms)

Having multiple levels help to add more activities in small area of site

Program

Shopping(gl ass ,jewelry ,souvenirs )

Restaurants below , fishing & traffic above

Shopping

Transit ,shopping ,dining

Programed as per the travelers and people required.

Inference

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS QUALITATIVE Criteria for analysis

Desktop study-1 Ponte rialto bridge

Desktop study-2 Galata bridge

Case study-1 Churchgat e subway

Casestudy -2 Ameerpet metro station

Inference

Amenities

Shops , storage , observation,

Restaurants ,bars, café ,washrooms , fishing deck ,observation deck , lounges

Shops ,storage ,

Café , restaurants ,shopping ,offices, staffrooms , clock rooms ,store room washrooms, rooms, surveillances , AFC-gates waiting spaces.

More amenities can helps to create more activities

Architectural expression

Murals & time line on surfaces

Simply baluster bridge

No expression

Layers of RCC planes are elevated

As per area context it expressed

Structural expression

Rested in arch form

Rested on verticals

Submerged

Rested on verticals

Minimal occupancy of earth surface

Materials

Stone ,glass ,wood, metals.

RCC & iron for mass& partition , wood & glass for aesthetics, aluminum cladding.

RCC-walls ,slab, base. Granite flooring

RCC mass , brick & metals for partition. Wood, metals & glass & fiber for aesthetics. Granite flooring

Can use some sustainable materials to avoid global warming

Internal access

Staircase

Staircase , lifts

Staircase

Staircase , escalators , elevators, Ramps for

As per need internal access are designed

Services

HVAC, fire, emergency alarms, sprinkler

HVAC , all type of fire protections, surveillances

Require services for emergency purposes 94

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS QUALITATIVE Criteria for analysis

Desktop study-1 Ponte rialto bridge

Desktop study-2 Galata bridge

Case study-1 Churchgat e subway

Casestudy -2 Ameerpet metro station

Inference

Fare

Free

Pay

Has to be free, to pull more people

Ventilation

Air-Natural & artificial Light – natural & artificial

Air-Natural light –natural & artificial

Air-Natural & artificial Light – natural & artificial

Semi (Natural & artificial) maintained for constant ventilation

Parking

At west side of station

Required necessity for vehicles

Connectin g old town with the city

Inference

REFERENCE STUDY Highline , newyork (Urban sky walk

River front developme nt

Location

New York

Sabarmathi, ahmedabad

old city of Jaipur, Rajasthan

Victoria , Spain

Program

Moss lands ,meadows wetlands , plazas woodlands sundecks concessions

River walk ,Amphi,gree n house,recre ations.

amphi ,auditorium, library, arts display rooms, cafeteria, and artstudio

linear upward movement for pedestrians

Different themes as per requirement s

Highlights

Linear urban skywalk spur the west side of Manhattan

Contempora ry riverfront development

cultural centre to preserve the Rajasthani arts & crafts

Way b/w cultural montehermo sokulturunea

Helps as recreation ,gathering & etc

Criteria for analysis

Jawahar kala kendra, Rajasthan

AREA STATEMENTS QUANTATIVE Amenities

Desktop study-1 Ponte rialto bridge

Desktop study-2 Galata bridge

Case study1 Church gate subway

Casestudy2 Ameerpet metro station

standards

Area occupied

1200m²

20580m²

1563m²

6000m²

Ground coverage

480m²(40%)

4000m²(19% )

84(24%)

545(9%)

+8.5m

+6m

-3.6m

+10.5,17m

3,5m

2.4m

Waiting lounge

200m²

20m²

Dining

100-400m²

80m²

Kitchen

5-20m²

20m²

Pantry

5-25m²

5m²

Storage

10-50m²

10m²

Utility

5-20m²

5m²

Clock room

10m²

Retail

2m²(8%)

5-20m²

12m²(14%)

10-150m²

Stalls

15m²(28%)

2-10m²

4m²(12%)

10-120m²

Storage

3m²(7%)

2m²(2%)

5m²

Seating

42m²(3.5%)

200m²

50m²

Washrooms

100m²

60m²

Staff room

20m²

30-90m²

Offices

10m²

30-70m²

Clock room

5m²

20m²

Lockers

10m²

Washroom

20m²

85m²

Server room

25m²

30m²

Refuse room

100m²

10m²

Parking

1200m²

HVAC & other services

800m²

120m²(3.5%)

Level Clearance

* m² For single entity * % occupied in total area

AREA STATEMENTS QUANTATIVE Amenities

Desktop study-1 Ponte rialto bridge

Stairs

688m²(57%)

Elevators Escalators

Desktop study-2 Galata bridge

Case study1 Church gate subway

Casestudy2 Ameerpet metro station

200m²(1%)

336m²(21%)

435m²(7%)

50m²(.8%)

200m²(3%)

Central pathway

6.5m

2.5-5m

4-8m

Out look deck

3.8m

Highline , newyork (Urban sky walk

River front developme nt

Total area occupied

0.2sqkm

3.5sqkm

9.5acres

1.2acres

Main program

.2sqkm total +8m

various

steps

incline

Length

2.3km

11km

30m

1.7km

Width

6-12m

300m

30m

15m

2.3m

2.5m

8-30m

900sqm

10m wide

1m wide

2.5mwide

8m wide

2-15m

3m wide

Lifts

1.5sqm

2.5sqm

2sqm

Escalators

.6mwide

Ramps

8mwide

3m wide

Level

Clearance Promenade /pathway/act ive area

Jawahar kala kendra, Rajasthan

Connectin g old town with the city

Amenities

Services Moving walks Stairs

* m² For single entity * % occupied in total area

AREA STATEMENTS Amenities(area occupies)

NO’S

AREA

TOTAL AREA

Staffroom

50sqm

washroom

5sqm

offices

20sqm

surveillances

10sqm

Director room

30sqm

Multipurpose room

60sqm

pantry

8sqm

washroom

3sqm

6sqm

helpdesk

5sqm

Gallery& lounge

350sqm

Washrooms m

15sqm

Washrooms f

15sqm

Washroom ph.

5sqm

lifts

7.5sqm

15sqm

Observation deck

240sqm

parking

1800sqm

Landscape area

200sqm

1 Admin block A

b Public use

outdoor

Pedestrian crossing bridge(main road)

length

wide

escalators

15m

.6m

staircase

17m

2.5m

Pathways

25m

2.7m

lifts

7.5sqm

15sqm

Moving walks

20m

1m 98

Amenities(area occupies) 4

Public use

(Proposed 50m length) 50m

2.5wide

lift

7.5sqm

Lower promenade

50m

16mwide

Street shopping(intermediate)

100sqm

Under level shopping stalls

4.5sqm

110sqm

Small activities + stage

350sqm

Extension

250sqm

kitchen

30sqm

Mass storage

7.5sqm

Cold storage

7.5sqm

stalls

7.5sqm

30sqm

central workspace

30sqm

Dump lift

1sqm

seating

150 seating

300sqm

Washrooms m

Up to 300 users

10sqm

Washrooms f

Up to 300 users

10sqm

Washroom ph +service

2.5sqm+3.5sqm

6sqm

kitchen

35sqm

30sqm

pantry

18sqm

service

20sqm

sqm

utility

8sqm

Washrooms m

Upto 150 users

8sqm

Washrooms f

Upto 150 users

8sqm

Washroom ph +service

2.5sqm+3.5sqm

6sqm

indoor dining

140 seating

350sqm

Outdoor dining

80 seating

150sqm

shopping

TOTAL AREA

Activity bridge

AREA

Foot path

NO’S

amphitheatre

cafeteria

restaurant

Amenities(area occupies) F

Single block

Total area

30+10sqm

40sqm

Water park

100sqm

Urban park

600sqm

Sculpture park

70sqm

Flower garden

300sqm

Observation deck- 1

40sqm

Observation deck-2

60sqm

stairs

1.3m-3m wide

lifts

7.5sqm

20sqm

ramps

2.5m wide

pathways

2.5m wide

escalators

15m

80cm wide

length

width

services ahu

nos

Recreation

Vertical access

Sky bridges Moving walks

60m

ramps

25m

1.6m

Skywalk

22m

2.5m

Intermediate recreation seating

30sqm

Sky bridges

25m

1.6m

Intermediate landings

1.6m 100

AMENITIES A

FLOOR PLATE AREA

% ON TOTAL

Ground coverage

50sqm

2.3%of main floor plate

Street level

2160sqm

46.6%

Under shopping

420sqm

8.4%

Deck-1

1200sqm

25.7%

Deck -2

900sqm

19.3%

Total

4680sqm

Activity bridge

Skybridges Ground coverage

2sqm

1.1%of main floor plate

Level-1

300sqm

36.2%

Level-2

210sqm

25.3%

Level-3

320sqm

38.5%

Total

830sqm

Admin block Ground coverage

660sqm

61.6% of entire space area

Ground level

570sqm

53.4%

1-st floor

170sqm

15.8%

Top level

330sqm

30.8%

Total

1070sqm

Over all built up area area

712sqm

Over all carpet area

6580sqm

10.8% of total all built areas

101

DESIGNGUIDE LINES Toilets / sanitation requirement for restaurants

as per Indian Standards IS 1172 : 1993 Water closet (WC) Requirements For Male public : 1 for 50 seats up to 200 seats; and for over 200 seats, add at the rate of 1 per 100 seats or part thereof For Female public : 1 for 50 seats up to 200 seats; and for over 200 seats, add at the rate of 1 per 100 seats or part thereof For Male Staff : 1 for 1 to 15 persons For Female Staff : 1 for 1 to 12 persons

Toilets / sanitation requirements for art galleries , libraries and museums as per Indian Standards IS 1172 : 1993

For male public : 1 Per 200 persons up to 400 persons and for over 400 persons add at the rate of 1 per 250 persons or part thereof For Female public : 1 Per 100 persons up to 200 persons and for over 200 persons add at the rate of 1 per 150 persons or part thereof

Access ramps for the handicapped • A ramp must be at least 4 ft wide . Ramp slopes must not be greater than 8.33 percent (1 inch in 12) • If a ramp slopes 5 percent (1 inch in 20) or less, and there is no drop off, then no handrail will be required . • If ramp slope is greater than 5 percent, and there is no drop off, then one handrail will be required • See handrail Ramps shall have at least a 5'-0" straight level surface at the bottom to allow stopping distance for wheelchairs • Ramps shall have a 3'-0" long intermediate level platform at 30'-0" intervals for rest and safety . • Ramps shall have level platforms wherever they turn to allow turning and stopping space for wheelchairs.

Staircase proportions in public spaces • .3x.15 m for normal flow • .45x.1m for max flow of people to reduce speed of movement of people

footpaths • Minimum 1.8m wide passage with 2.2m clearance on streets

102

BENCH DESIGN GUIDELINES • To be comfortable, there should be a 95-105 degree angle between the seat and the back, and the seat should be between 2 and 10 degrees off of horizontal. • The depth of the seat should be 12 to 18 inches for benches with backs and 30 inches for Backless benches. • A seat height of 18 inches is generally the most comfortable. • The front edge of the seat should be curved rather than squared off. • The most comfortable seating surface is wood, which is resilient and does not readily conduct heat or cold. • Small bench slats (2 inches) spaced closely together and following a contoured form are generally more comfortable than larger slats (8 inches). However, in areas where vandalism is a factor a larger size (e.g., 3 inches x 8 inches) should be used. • The length of the seat should allow for twenty-four inches per person. However, people will sit closer to each other if there is an armrest separating them. The Back • Seatbacks that slope back slightly and have a slight curve are the most comfortable. • The height of the backrest should be 20 inches to provide support for people’s backs and shoulders. • Benches with no backs allow people to sit on both sides at the same time. The Legs • The legs should not extend out past the seat, otherwise people may trip on them. If a large, solid leg is used, a kick space (3 inches minimum) under the seat is needed. Armrests • Armrests are useful both to help people to get out of the seat, and to divide a bench so that more people can fit along it. Segmenting the bench into sections through the use of armrests can provide a sense of privacy among groups as well as encourage people to sit closer together. The edge of the armrest should extend out to the edge of the seat, and it should have a firm, rounded gripping surface.

Eye vision Horizontal Field of View • The central field of vision for most people covers an angle of between 50° and 60°. Within this angle, both eyes observe an object simultaneously. This creates a central field of greater magnitude than that possible by each eye separately. This central field of vision is termed the 'binocular field' and within this field images are sharp, depth perception occurs and color discrimination is possible Vertical Field of View • A similar analysis can be undertaken based upon the vertical line of sight for human vision. the typical line of sight is considered horizontal or 0 °. A person’s natural or normal line of sight is normally a 10 ° cone of view below the horizontal and, if sitting, approximately

Pedestrian foot over bridge • Minimum 2.5m width & 2.3m clearance in passage. • Minimum 5m clearance between the road level & lower surface of bridge. 103

CITY TRANSFORMATION • Hyderabad is the capital of southern India's Telangana state. A major center for the technology industry, it's home to many upscale restaurants and shops. Its historic sites include Golconda Fort, a former diamond-trading center that was once the Qutb Shahi dynastic capital. The Charminar, a 16th-century mosque whose 4 arches support towering minarets, is an old city landmark near the long-standing Laad Bazaar.

Heritage Zone

4.2 km approx.

Metropolitan Zone

3.7 km approx.

Nagole Bridge

Chander Ghat

Puranapul

Ecological Zone

8.6 km approx.

DIFFERENT BODIES FORMATION • Site lies in charminar (south zone ) • Circle -VA • Puranapul-area • Ward no-53 104

MUSI RIVER • The Musi River originates in the Anantagiri hills and flows into the Osman sagar and Himayat sagar reservoirs, it consists of 2 rivulets Esi (8 kms) and Musa (13 kms) which then converge into Musi River thus being the water sources for Hyderabad for over a century. • The reservoirs were constructed in the Nizam’s reign after devastating floods in 1908. • Land around the reservoirs is a Government protected conservation area • The Musi then flows eastward through Hyderabad, bifurcating the urban agglomeration. • The old city lies to the south of the river; while post-1960s urban development expanded to the north .With in Hyderabad, the Musi runs nearly dry. • The loss of water is likely to be caused due to the impounding of river water in reservoirs and the degradation of catchment areas. • Unchecked urban development and construction over natural rainwater channels and water tanks have disrupted the drainage patterns of the region. • Untreated sewage as well as industrial effluents now flow into the river, which is severely polluted. • Hyderabad’s major interstate bus terminus is located on a River island (see ‘Landmark Transformation’ site), on environmentally sensitive land. • There are several slum settlements along the Musi Riverbanks. • The riverbed is used in places by local communities for bathing, washing clothes, cultivation and grazing.

Existing bridges and new proposed bridges on musi river 105

OCCUPANCY & ACTIVITY MAPS

Open & green spaces Parks Green pockets Open ground Built form Water bodies

Movement network Arterial roads Sub arterials Built forms Water bodies

Building typology Residential Commercial Mixed use Institutional Green spaces Religious Water bodies

Morphology 2000-presnt 1950-2000 1900-1950 Past -1900 Water bodies

Figure ground Buildings occupied Water bodies

Heritage structures Heritage Other Green patch Water bodies Roads

Different Typologies helps to understand & overview of activities happen around the site & user types residential , daily walkers , tourists etc

106

CONNECTIVITY

RGI AIRPORT - 24KM

NAMPALLY STATION MGBS BUS STAND -3.5KM -0.5KM

MGBS METRO STATION-0.5KM

MAJOR LAND MARKS

LOCAL BUS STOPS -0.3KM

SALARJUNG MUSEUM -0.1KM

CHARMINAR-1.5KM

STATE LIBRARY -0.12KM

MECCA MASJID -1.6KM

AFZALGUNJ MARKET -1.3KM

LOCAL ACTIVITIES

HEAVY TRAFFIC

BUSY LIFESTYLE

MECCA MASJID-1.6KM

MARKETS 107

MORPHOLOGY OF SITE Place turns into dump yard for that area.

Started growing trees land started turning green 2004

totally cleared the dump yard getting occupied by the local commercial activities

2007

started cleaning the river cleared trash at salarjung museum side promenade fully occupied the place clean water running in musi river

2009

constructed rubber dam for bifurcation water level in river soil settled due to improper operations of rubber dam blocking the way of river from soil & trash

2011

again started dumping and occupied large area compare to previous occupancy one side of dam is fully covered by soil and starts to become hard. 2016

2020

Unorganised and improper operating systems in river, results forming more surface land from soil and other trash on the banks of musi river volume for moving river water become congested and started flowing water on promenade

108

TERRIANS IN SITE AREA

Contours map plan

View from south west ( nayapul)

3D - TERRIAN VIEWS

View –A (Nayapul junction)

View-B (CBS side) 111

East side road view from footpath

View towards museum from footpath

West side road view from footpath

West side road view from museum

east side road view from museum

south side view of lake with trees at road level from Salarjung museum

Entry gate for Musi lake

south side view of lake with trees at road level from footpath

Key map for view points

View towards Nayanapul bridge

promenade

View towards washermanghats

Location of view points

View of salarjung bridge , Promenade ,water level in river

Raised sewage manholes on promenade

settled trash on sides of promenade

view on Promenade-stone retaining wall ,front side view of salarjung museum

View of trees & nayapul bridge from promenade

view of trees and growth of grass on settled soil at riverbank

Key map for view points

View of trees,washermanghats ,river & salarjung bridge from promenade

Location of view points

View of Nayapul bridge from promenade

View of trees from other bank side

View of Nayapul bridge from road

View of musi river trees , grassland , flowing of water , promenade , garden & salarjung museum from Nayapul bridge

Musi river view from settled soil surface

vendors trolly on nayapul bridge footpath

View of trees from nayapul bridge

W V

Vendors on bridge

View of nayanapul one way bridge from afjaljung side

Gathering of vendors for cause of any issues

Key map for view points

View at Afjaljung bustop

Location of view points

road view from footpath

View of bus stop & anapurna

View of trees & open land from footpath at highway road

View of junction( salarjung bridge connects Mumbai highway)

View of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Statue

View of retaining wall &promenade

View of washermen from salarjung bridge

View of washermen ghat activities

view of dumpyard from salarjung bridge

View of musi river from salarjung bridge

view of imliban from salarjung bridge footpath

Key map for View points

View of Darulshifa 'X' Road

Location of view points

CONTOURS MAP

SPLITING THE SITE INTO TWO PARTS 200m

165m

Total site area -14,588sqm ZONE -1 • Area -10,205sqm • Main proposal –bridge • Connects the way from salarjung museum road to state library road with full length of 200m on river. ZONE -2 • Area-4,383sqm • Purely for parking

Axonometric view

112

DETAILS OF ZONE -1

SECTIONAL VIEW

EDGE ALANYSIS

South edge of site

North edge of site

Context

• Salarjung museum is one main land mark for this edge.

•

• Having metro at this edge road junction can turns this road more pedestrians.

Telangana state library is the main people pulling structure on this edge, it is opposite to the site .

•

• High percentage of visiting tourists & foreigners.

Fast moving vehicles on road ,mainly bus for Afzalgunj bus stop.

•

Truck and bus parking due to fuel station near the side.

•

Anapurna 1 time meals in exactly opposite to site.

• Main way to musi river Promenade. • City sewage line through entire the edge. Inference • Due to already busy nature of the edge, one of the entry for site can turns as more people pulling project. • Footpath along the site has scope for more pedestrian traffic , although it currently seems little. • The face of this site along this edge is most public and hence extremely important to create one of the major activity here.

Inference •

Better opportunity for vehicular access to the site from this road.

•

Can works as a best public parking services.

•

The public interface program can be developed along this face.

113

ANALYSIS CLIMATE • It is a tropical wet & dry climate , bordering on a hot & semi-arid climate. • The annual mean temperature is 26 ° c. • Monthly mean temperature are 21-32 °c. • Summers(March-June) are hot and humid , with average highs in mid 30s. • Maximum temperature often exceed 40 °s c between April & June. • Winter lasts only 2 months , during which the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 20 ° c in December and January. • May is the hottest month , when daily temperature ranges from 26-42° c. • January the coldest ,has temperature varying from 24.7-32 ° c. • Temperature in evening & morning are normal due to no structures at site surroundings. • Heavy rain fall from south-west summer monsoon falls between June –September • Supplying with most of its annual rainfall of 812.5mm. • The highest monthly rainfall ,181mm occurs in September. • The highest rainfall recorded in 24hours . • The highest temperature ever recorded was 45.5 ° c on 2 June 1966,the lowest was 6.1 ° in january1946. • The site receives 2,731hours on sunshine per year. • Maximum daylight exposure occurs in February.

@winter sun

@summer sun

Maximum sun angles in summer &winter at site

TOPOGRAPHY • Mostly medium terrain at one edge with soil & vegetations • sudden fall of 5m terrain at other edge of site. VEGETATION • wild grass & shrubs fully dense vegetation grown in one place of 3,266 sqm. • Palm , Neem , Tamarind , Indian mast tree , Yellow elder , Custard apple & etc.. • thus it creates challenging situation to design with out cutting trees HYDROLOGY • Average water level in site is +489.5m (sea level) thus construction of foundation is require durable and free from marine failures SEISMIC CONSIDERATION • since the site lies in zone 2 (2002) having low level of seismic activity ,no special earthquake resistance measures are required. Following building byelaws and national building codes are sufficient. INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES • Electrical supply,11kv which is step down to 220v on site 114

CHALLENGES IN SITE 1

• • • •

Proposed Site falls in heritage zone . Need to follow heritage norms for any infrastructure proposals in & around it. Need to avoid major constructions at this point except renovations. Through the entire length of existing retaining wall in front of salarjung museum has only 29m arch less partition wall on road level.

• 33KV high tension cables passing in the site which is 2.5m above from the road level on promenade. • Offset between each Vertical is around 30m • one of the vertical support is lies in between the site near the arch less railing retaining wall.

• condition of retaining wall with arches at top. • position of falloff wall in case of any minor vibrations occurs in that area. • Expands the gap between the joints between stones by growth of small plants in between them. • Uneven floor patterns on promenade.

• Running of sewage water in musi river turns river as a major unaesthetic quality of water in river & spread of odour around the lake. • Leads to increase the growth of pesticides in & around the river water. • Require to clean the entire length of river from east to west corridor of city.

• Unorganized grow of palm trees at banks of river. • Around 60-120cm distance between the stem of two trees. • Various inclines in vertical growth of trees. • Require to propose access between them without cutting the trees. • Can adopt tree bending technique to place pathway bridges in between them. 115

View at orr entry 17 service roadv water level @ +523mlvl @14-10-2020

trash & sewage - washed aw opening of esi gate

+493.2m @14-10-2020

View of increas

Infrastructure damage after floods of orr service road (17) @ +521mlvl @16-10-2020

+488m 16-10-2020

Damage of infrastructure at chaderghat bridge due to heavy flow of water@16-10-2020 THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

flow of water towards upper ch bridge @16

+493.2m @14-10-2020

way from river after With the es @15-10-2020

Water level in river at salarjung @490.5m @15-10-2020

se of water level in riverat salargung from nayana pul bridge s @490.5m (15-10-2020) +492m @14-10-2020

+492.5m @14-10-2020

haderghat bridge from lower 6-10-2020

flow of water towards lower chaderghat bridge from upper bridge @16-10-2020

CONTENT TITLE :- SITUATION AROUND THE SITE AFTER FLOODS

16041AA056

116

MUSI RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT VISION Create protected habitat for aquatic life Increase water carrying capacity

Ensure public safety from health hazards Strengthenthe riveredge Integrate with city development

Improve access & connectivity

Replenish with treated water

Safer Integrated

Cleaner

Musi Riverfront Development

Integrate with improved informal settlements

Inclusive Provide universally accessible areas Create public places

Sustainable Diverse

Remove pollution from the river

Retain water & ground water recharge

Make it financially viable Designcontext specific solutions

TEAM 01 INDIAPVT LTD

@497.5MLVL road level

PROPOSED PROMENADE

EXISTING PROMENADE

OVER VIEW OF WATER & GROUND LEVELS OF MUS THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

@496m (28-09-1908) @493.2m (14-10-2020)

WATER LEVEL

@492.5m (16-10-2020) @490.5 m (15-10-2020) @489.5 m (2010)

@489m (average 2009-2020)

GROUND LEVEL

@487m (after 2009) @485.5m (proposed) @485m (before 2009)

SI RIVER AT SALARJUNG MUSEUM CONTENT TITLE :- VISION OF PROJRCT WITH POPULATON

16041AA056

116a

FEASIBILITY STUDY The feasibility of this project is dependent on several aspects like 1.Environmental 2. Technical and financial 3. Socio-economic 4. Legal and planning 5. Sustainable 6. Heritage/wild life/conservation

❖ Out of all feasibility aspects Heritage , Technical & financial aspects plays major role in this thesis projectHERITAGE ASPECTS:• The government of India procedures on externally aided projects entail that all projects must be prepared and implemented in full compliance with the national legislation, regulations and standards governing protection and management of the cultural and natural heritage of the country • Specific state and local level standards and regulations also apply to the projects based on their location and nature of the proposed investments and activities around the heritage zone. • Heritage conservation committee under Huda was formed by state government in 1981 to retain architectural, historical and social value of buildings. Hyderabad urban development

authority has listed almost 160 buildings in Hyderabad city as heritage structures. Almost 70% of heritage buildings are in private hands. Heritage structures include buildings, monuments, rock structures etc. • By notifying such structures, heritage conservation committee in collaboration with (INTACH) works to retain their architectural, historical and social importance

USER GROUPS AROUND THE SITE IN THIS HERITAGE ZONE :•

The users are mainly divided into 5 categories i.e.., students, employees , tourists, vendors , hawkers and others.

•

41% of pedestrians perform education trips,

• 35% pedestrians perform work trips, • 13% pedestrians perform tourist trips, • 4% pedestrians perform vendors & hawkers trips •

7% pedestrians are other.

117

Site falls in heritage zone :.Important National Rules and Regulations that may apply to the Project ( under heritage )

Act/ Policy

Objective

Main stipulations

Applicability to the project

the project Responsible Agency

Declares certain monuments/site s as being of “national importance”. Stipulates conservation of cultural and historical remains found in India

Monuments are “protected” area. 100m radius is “prohibited” area – no construction or reconstruction can be done. Repairs and renovation allowed. 200m radius is “regulated” area (structures can be constructed/reconstr ucted with due sanctions from the competent authority). Protection, maintenance and conservation of monuments is done by archaeological survey of India (asi)

The design was proposed ,site located nearer to the ASI protected monuments and would require permission from national monuments authority

Ministry of culture; NMA with ASI

To ensure registration of antiquarian remains in personal possession of individuals and institutions.

Registration of antiquities/remains /art is mandatory.

Possibly, if project involves chance find.

Directorate of culture, govt. Of TS.

year Ancient monuments and archaeologic al sites and remains act amended 1958

The antiquities and art treasures act 1972

Following norms in my proposal :❖ With in 100m • South side:-Renovation of pedestrian foot path & construction of steps in front of salarjung museum 63m from the salarjung museum. • Renovation of prescient retaining wall • North side:- construction of pedestrian foot over bridge 45m & lift tower 67m from state library ❖ With in 200m • South side:-construction of main vertical support for bridge 160m away from salarjung museum. • North side:-construction of admin block for activity bridge 100m away from state library. • Construction of Vertical supports for sky brides in dense trees 150m away from state library.

118

COASTAL ZONES/ WATER BODIES :A coastal zone is the interface between the land and water. It was in the year 1998 that the Ministry of Environment and Forest department (under orders from the Supreme Court of India in 1996) constituted the Coastal Zone Management Authorities for each State having coastline (SCZMA) and National Coastal Zone Management Authority (NCZMA) to ensure the implementation of CRZ Notification, 1991. As per the notification, the coastal land up to 500m from the High Tide Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along banks of creeks, lagoons, estuaries, backwater and rivers subject to tidal fluctuations, is called the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ). CRZ along the country has been placed in four categories. • CRZ1 • CRZ2 • CRZ3 • CRZ4

RESTRICTION OF BUILDING ACTIVITY IN THE VICINITY OF WATER BODIES (As per Building Rules issued vide G. O. 168, MA&UD (M) Dept., dated 07.04.2012 & G. O. Ms. No. 7, MA&UD (M1) Dept., dated 05.01.2016.) (i) No building/development activity shall be allowed in the bed of water bodies like river or nala and in the Full Tank Level (FTL) of any lake, pond, Cheruvu or kunta / shikam lands. Unless and otherwise stated, the area and the Full Tank Level (FTL) of a Lake/Kunta shall be reckoned as measured and as certified by the Irrigation Department and Revenue Department. (ii) (ii) The above water bodies and courses shall be maintained as Recreational/Green Buffer Zone and no building activity shall be carried out within:

50 mtr from the boundary of the river within the Municipal Corporation/ Municipality/Nagara Panchayat/HMDA/UDA limits. The boundary of the river shall be as fixed and certified by the Irrigation Department and Revenue Department as per the G. O. Ms. No. 7, MA&UD (M1) Dept., dated 05.01.2016 b. 30m from ftl boundary incase of 10ha and above. c. 9m from ftl boundary incase of less than 10ha of area. d. 9m from defined width of nala, canal and storm water drain of width more than 10m. e. 2m from defined width of nala, canal and storm water drain of width less than 10m. Incase of a & b above, the buffer zone may be utilised for road with minimum 12m width and as an addition to be recreational belt. Following norms in my proposal :Buffer space from bank of musi river flood level at (+490m from sea level) ❖ With in 50m • South side:- only recreational activities & promenade ,not allowed any type of parking with in it . occupancy of Existing buildings 30m away from bank. • North side:- only recreational activities & promenade. ❖ With in 100m • South side:- occupancy of Existing buildings. • North side:- carparking & construction of built forms 70m away from bank of river.

119

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF PROJECT:❖ Project brief a full length of cantilever bridge of length 80m stands on end of vertical support of 20m height. ❖ Implementing the project by L& T construction ❖ Team have adequate skills and experience in urban scale construction Hyderabad metro , cable bridge on Durgam chervu.& many more running projects in Mumbai& Hyderabad SCOPE • scope of work covers the Design, supply, installation and commissioning of individual programmable on every mechanism on bridge Cables and Bridge Towers with 5 years operation and maintenance. Any equipment, device, component, or work not specifically mentioned in this specification but considered essential for proper design and operation shall be included by the Bidder in his offer. Applicable provisions and conditions of contract shall govern the work under the Section.

GENERAL •

• • • •

• •

The work to be provided for by the Contractor, unless otherwise specified, shall include but not limited to the following. Furnish all labour, supervision, services, materials, supports, scaffolds, construction equipment, tools, plants and transportation etc. required for the proper execution of the job as per specification and schedule of items and get all necessary tests on materials and work conducted at their cost. Notwithstanding the General layout shown in the drawing, the contractor shall obtain further approval of the layout at site from the Engineer-in-Charge before commencement of the work. To provide all incidental items not shown or specified in particular but necessary for proper execution of works in accordance with the drawing, specification and schedule of items. To maintain the work and keep them maintained till handed over to the owner in proper working condition. All supply and installation work shall be carried out as per specification and in accordance with the construction drawings and shall conform to requirements called for in the Indian Electricity Rules 1956 with its latest amendment, Indian Electricity Acts and all relevant codes and practices issued by the Bureau of Indian Standard as amended up-to-date. The work shall also comply with the provisions of the general or local set of legislatures and regulations of any local or other statutory authority which may be applicable. The Contractor for the work must possess valid license or BIS issued by any licensing authority of State Government/Central Government of India. The cost of insurance, including premium, will be borne by contractor only.

STANDARDS: •

The equipment and the installation work shall generally conform to the requirements of the Indian Standards Rules with its latest amendments and all relevant standards and code of practice of the Bureau of India Standards. However, the decision of Superintending Engineer (MEP) & Structural aspects, GHMC shall be final with respect to requirements.

. MATERIALS • BIS is mandatory for components for which BIS are available. For components where BIS is not available, International standards are allowed . Contractor shall obtain approval from the Superintending Engineers GHMC of sample of all materials before placing order. For standard bought out items, the sizes manufactured by the firms listed shall prevail when there is discrepancy in the sizes mentioned in the schedule without any financial adjustment.

120

SPECIFICATIONS • Unless specifically mentioned otherwise, all applicable codes and standards published by the Bureau of Indian Standard and all other such publication as may be published by them after work starts, shall govern in respect of design, workmanship, quality and properties of material and method of testing. SAFETY • All equipment shall be complete with approved safety devices wherever a potential hazard to personnel exists and with provision for safe access of personnel to and around equipment for operation and maintenance functions.)

Supply of Materials and Installation:Tower crane & Movable cranes, RMC plants ,other required materials for construction

• Based on the approved list of material to be installed for the Project, all the material to be procured and supplied by the bidder shall be as per the time schedule submitted • The inspection and testing on Control Gears (if any) in India before supply must be undertaken by approved testing laboratory. BIS is mandatory for components for which BIS are available. For components where BIS is not available, International standards are allowed.

For electrical equipment's • All the electrical parameters of the system such as V, W, operating temperature will be based on vendor design only. • Bidder has to submit all the safety certificates within 15 days placing order/LOI. • The Bidder should conduct third party inspection before dispatch of materials and must submit the report for all the materials that will be supplied as per the contract; the third party must be by the internationally known agencies such as LLOYDS, TUV, BV or equivalent at his cost. • The selected bidder will be responsible for testing and performance of the luminaries supplied . • The bidder will complete the final system integration, if any for soft commissioning as per the instruction of the Client. • The selected bidder shall ensure electrical safety of the system and installed fixtures and fittings. • The bidder will deploy the requisite team of experts, engineers, labour (as appropriate) to execute the work at site. • The execution of the work shall be conducted in a phased manner. • The bidder, shall develop as built drawings and operational manuals for all the fixtures installed for beautification lighting. • Provide detailed electrical load calculation, explanation on how the fixtures identified are energy efficient and operational cost for the equipment. • Providing a phasing plan for implementation for expectations, Identify a suitable and safe location for the electrical control panel. • Special consideration to be given for designing lighting layout for bridges so that no physical damage is caused to the cable bridge during installation or to the life of the architectural fabric due to excessive heat / light emissions during the running of the Project. • It should have smart lighting features with all modern amenities such as DMX controller switch software back up to enable GHMC to change the media content as per requirement. • Preliminary layout plan and effective space utilization should be given. Innovative design, elevation & perspectives should be mentioned. • Items/ Technology proposed for illumination with effectiveness in terms of Energy saving, Green building concept, look, & suitability in terms of Cable Bridge should be present. 121

• .

• Type of Protection to the enclosure of light fittings for outdoor installation shall be IP68 or better. Test certificate shall be produced by bidder. • required test certificate for Major Supplies and LM80 and Photo biological Test for LED. • The lighting should also take into consideration the energy foot print (energy consumption) as well as safety aspects (including fire safety). • Serviceability and maintainability of the installed system should be considered. • The illumination should be taken up for maximum visibility and to enhance Bridge. • Light pollution from exterior should be reduced to increase night sky access and enhance nocturnal environment. • All the lights used for illumination should be LEDs only, no element of focus lights to be incorporated. • All the lights for illumination of bridge should be controlled by proper size MCCB & MCB with • Astronomical timers (Where the time of on & off changes automatically based on change in sun set timings). • Scheduled maintenance and Breakdown maintenance facility should be mentioned. • The lights to be installed have to meet fluctuation changes and have backup support to meet emergencies. • Cable used for the wiring shall be as per IS standards. Detailed specifications of cable will be given after finalizing the tenders

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR WORKERS BY CONSULTANTS:• • • • • • •

Ensure employees wear the correct protective gear. Correctly construct and maintain scaffolding. Health & safety training. Display clear signs. Use technology. Inspect tools and equipment regularly. Communicate.

REQUIRED FACILITIES FOR WORKERS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE:• • • • •

Wash areas Drinking water First aid kit with a full sized sleep bed Separate Washrooms for male & female. Clock rooms & lockers.

List of Mandatory certifications required in work flow:• • • • • • •

soil test to carry required loads by equipment's & plants on site IP68 water proof test report. Fire proof test report with V-0 rating. Salt spray test report for salt water test proof testing. Anti UV Proof test report , Anti-shock proof test report. Approval of certificates of BIS. Permissions from all authorities in case of lifting 33kv HT lines in site & specify required time for operation.

PENALTY:• Failure on the part of the delivery and installation of the goods within the stipulated period

set out in the contract will attract penalty @ 0.5% per week of delay or part thereof on the value of the undelivered portion, subject to maximum of 5% of the contract value. • If the period of the delay exceeds the specified maximum, the GHMC reserves the right to terminate the contract besides forfeiting the EMD available with the GHMC. However, this penalty is not applicable, if the delay is on part of the project deadline or due to any external factor which is beyond the Contractor's control. 122

FINANCIAL ASPECTS:AUTHORITIES WITH LIABILITY • Hyderabad Road Development Corporation Limited (HRDCL), a wing of Telangana Municipal Administration and Urban Development (MAUD) has invited proposals from agencies to take up works on Engineering, Procurement, Construction (EPC) mode with two years Defect Liability Period (DLP) for the purpose ESTIMATE &TIME PERIOD FOR COMPLETION • The estimated cost of the project would be Rs165 crore. After the finalization of the bids, the agency will have to complete the works in three years.(proposed)

Over view of returns on bases on surroundings present space lease rates • Total commercial space in bridge-5000sqm @ Rs:-850/sqm=Rs:-42,50,00/-per month • For conventional &recreational Rs:-25000/-per event considering 20 events per month on average Rs:-5,00,00/-per month • Total return on average least profit of Rs:-47.5lac per month

Methodology for proposed project which helps in terms for continue flow of work & best cost cutting project.

Temporary Site office :-Existing shed

State library telangana

can be used for certain time period. Storage:-Near pre fabrication plant to avoid unnecessary transportation charges Pre fabrication:-Space between the transportation & final assembly Parking for heavy vehicles:- To avoid traffic issues on main road. Main built up building:-Can used as site office in construction period. Main tower spinal &tower crane in it :Helps to lift & move materials from initial to final stage. Way :-Proposed way for modules from prefabrication platform to final set upon

100m radius 200m radius

Salarjung museum

bridge . (through tower crane on one side) 123

List of references & illustration credits 32

Rialto_Bridge map |source from google earth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rialto_Bridge

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galata_Bridge

https://www.thehighline.org/history

https://www.archdaily.com/24362/the-new-york-high-line-officially-open

https://Urban Space Case Study: The Highline, NY.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabarmati_Riverfront

https:/Jawahar_Kala_Kendra Electric Ramps At The Old Centre / Roberto Ercilla + Miguel Angel Campo

114

Hyderabad city map credit: google earth 2005-2020 Musi river development in front salarjung museum map credit: google earth 2005-2020

SPECIAL THANKS TO “CITY ON BRIDGE” BY MOHAMMED MANSOOR

124

PROGRAM

OVER ALL PROGRAMS ON SITE

DESIGN PROCESS O FLOWING OF AIR

MASSING

• Creating passage at peripheral ends for free flow of people • Placing activities at center

THESIS TOPIC

• Placing intermediates in north & south axis • Openings in east & west faces for maximum air ventilation

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

•

Outflow ventilat maintai activitie • Absorb centre in close

CONTENT TITLE :- CON

PUBLIC PRIVATE ZONES

OF ACTIVITY BRIDGE

VENTILATION IN CLOSED POCKETS

w of conventional tion towards trees to in constant ventilation in es bs natural air from & refreshes and passes ed activities pockets

NCEPT & TRANSFORMATION

REFRESHMENT

• Proposing water bodies & green pockets in different positions helps to work as passive cooling technique & helps to convert bad odour to pleasant from east-west wind flow

PROGRAM IN ACTIVITY BRIDGE

- Kitchen - Green pockets - Raingarden - Activities - Amphitheater 16041AA056

01 105

STRUCT

Creating new light frame modula technologies & m

INTERNAL TRANSMISSION minimize the space between the horizontal planes

• Merges with local surroundings • Main focal on structure not on activity

Cable Arcade bridge

• Linear longitudinal planes through cross sectional supports • Max height Inverted semi arch • Supported structure for different angle of planes

Proposed structure

• Clubbing above 2 structural forms as a new form which as less vertical height &more angular planes longitudinal supports Cross section support Tendon for tensioning

Other forms

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

CONTENT TITLE :- FO

TURE

ar structure through new mechanism

ORMATION OF STRUCTURE

EXTERNAL EXPOSED FORM Mechanism of overloaded crane towers

Transferring loads from supports through tendons

FIXED CRANE TOWER

Vertical supports

Sky bridges

Tendon supports

Activity bridge

16041AA056

106

TE STA

AD RO RY A R LIB

1. ACTIVITY BRIDGE-2000SQ 2.SKYBRIDGES-64M LENGTH 3.ADMINBLOCK-560SQM 4.PARKING-1500SQM 5.FURTHER EXPANSION FOR 6.PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE-2.5M 7.SALARJUNG MUSEUM-PRO 8.RIVER-PROMENADE-4 M W

9.PATHWAYS 6 M WIDE

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- SITE PLAN & SITE SECTION

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

QM H

R PARKING-500 M WIDE OMENADE WIDE

MUSI RIVER

SALARJUNG MUSEUM ROAD

8 7

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:500

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

SKY BRIDGES

M- WASHROOMS W-WASH ROOMS

STORAGE

FOOD STALLS CENTRAL WORKSPACE

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- FLOOR PLANS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:250

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

OBSERV

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- FLOOR PLANS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

VATION DECK-1& RESTURANT

VATION DECK-2 & SKYWALK GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- BRIDGE SECTIONS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- BRIDGE ELEVATIONS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

RESTURANT LEVEL THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- SKYWALKS PLAN

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

VISUALIZATION OF WALKWAY WIDE-1.6M MOVING WALKS -1M WIDE

CONCEPTS OF TREE BENDING

SKY WALKS BETWEEN TREES

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

OBSERVATION @505MLVL

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- SKYWALKS PLAN

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY ROLL NO:-16041AA056 ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th SEM:-8th

N DECK & SKYWALK

Y.K

GUIDE SIGN

STAMPGUIDE SIGN SCALE 1:200

STAMP

SCALE

SHEET NO ORIENTATION SHEET NO ORIENTATION

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- SKYWALKS SECTIONAL ELEVATIONS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- ADMIN BLOCK FLOOR PLANS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

PASSAGE

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- ADMIN SECTIONS &ELEVATIONS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- PEDESTRIAN CROSSING BRIDGE

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE 1:200

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

ALTE

FLOATING LIFT SHAFT AT SALARJUNG ENTRY SIDE

BRIDGE CAN ELE WATER LEVE Bifurcates if bridge elevates Ht 33kv Maximum radiation of HT

Lift service Mortar

Lift shaft

dampers Steps & landing on promenade

ENTRA

1. full time activity bridge 2. as a quarantine center 3. shelter for people who were affe

Vision towards clean & dyn THESIS TOPIC

:- STREET ON BRIDGE (MUSI RIVER)

SHEET TITLE

:- DETAILS & PROPOSALS

NAME :-JANARDHANREDDY.K ROLL NO:-16041AA056 SEM:-VIII th

ERNATIVE ACTIVITIES

PROPOSED SECTIONS IN MUSI CORRIDOR

EVATE UP TO 4M IN CASE OF EL IN RIVER INCREASED

4m variation in vertical support of lift shaft

BEFORE

AFTER

Water level increase @ +495mlvl

ANCE FOR BRIDGE

ected in floods

namic of Musi river GUIDE SIGN

STAMP

SCALE NTS

ORIENTATION

SHEET NO

view of bridge from south side

view of bridge from west side

view of bridge from east side

view of museum from observation deck -2

view of museum from observation deck -1

view of museum from urban park

night view of bridge from museum

view of activities at amphi

view of amphi activities with peripheral people mov

vement

view of water body from cafeteria

view of interior seating of restutrant

view of lifts at urbak park level

activities at intermediate space

upward people movement on sky bridge with semi closed surface

upward people movement on moving walks

people passing on sky bridge

view of activities in u

under shopping

people at lower shopping pocket

view of passage & gallery space below the resturant

view

view of promenade which connects lower promenade to activity bridge

of promenade which connects lower promenade to activity bridge

view of junction connects b/w of moving walks &activity bridge

central seating of deck

view of skywalk

view of sky bridges in different levels

with central seating

people passing on sky bridge

view of pedestrian crossing bridge

view of pedestrian crossing

e at state library rom east side

g bridge at state library from west side

THANK U

STREET ON BRIDGE (musi river)

Articles inside

STREET ON BRIDGE (musi river)

HIGH LINE

IT'S A MUSI RIVER