ENVS10003 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS WEEK 04 LOGBOOK CONTENTS
01_ Studio Report
02_Learning Loop
03_Grossary Appendix
04_Referenc e List
01_Studio Report Activity ‘Construction Documentation Tour (page 1)
Activity ‘Construction Documentation Tour (page 2)
Activity ‘Construction Documentation Tour (page 2) How does the information in your drawing set compare to what you observed at site last week? How does the scale of the building compare to the scale of the drawings? How do the architectural and structural drawings differ?
Compare to the elevation drawing under this paragraph, the size of scale of the real canopy is much bigger than that in the drawing. Referred to the chosen scale, in the floor plan, elevation, or the section drawing, the scale usually is 1:100 in millimetres. Besides, in the elevation drawing, it partly demonstrates the materials been used for the building such as the timber frame for the external facade of the canopy by using symbolic representation.
Image: South Elevation Resource: Oval Pavilion Construction drawings, p.A30-01
Compare to the architectural drawings, the structural drawings as shown in the graph, it demonstrates that the structure inside the canopy is constructed by the grid and spine truss. The trusses can transfer the load through into the ground. The truss and the canopy framing are mainly made of steel which is stiff, strong, and hard and enable to carry the compression load. Besides, the structure of the truss and grid used pin joints.
Image: Canopy structure 3D view Resource: Oval Pavilion Construction drawings, p.S04.01
Activity ‘Scale, Annotation and Working drawing conventions Intended Learning Outcomes: Understand the concept of scale and how it applies to construction documentation. Why need scales: The scale can be in contact with object along its length in map drawing or architectural drawing. It accurately represents the construction items. Usually the scale shown in the map tis the ratio between the distances on map compared with the distance on the ground. It’s used for illustrating the reality distance from the map distance or architectural plan distance. How to use scales: -
Different scale 1:1 1:2 1:5 1: 10 1:50 1:100 Depend on how big the size of the construction object is The location of the building (accessibility) Electrical plan (ceiling plan &floor plan)
Preferred working units for construction documentation: Look at the dimension (key) in plan/section/elevation drawings Ｕｎｉｔｓ：ｍｍ Ｓｃａｌｅ：Ａ１ Ａ４
２
０
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１：５ １：１０
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Image: Wall details Resource: Oval Pavilion Construction drawings, p. A46-02
As shown in the detail and elevation drawings, the scale is different. The scale differs as the size of the construction section item changes.
Image: Construction Issue Resource: Oval Pavilion Construction drawings, p. 30.01
02_Learning Loop Floor Framing Systems E-learning, 2014 Major component of most building structures. Transfer dead and live loads via horizontal members to supports Concrete/ steel/ timber Concrete system -cast in place concrete floor slabs (varies types are used to span between structural support either in one way or two way) - Precast concrete planks may be supported by beams or loadbearing walls. -Depend on fire rating (larger buildings e.g. Hospital) to be built in concrete (enable to cope fire for longer period of time) –steel timber system
Timber system (common in Australia) -Traditional timber floor framing systems use combination of bearers (primary beams) &joists (secondary beams) -span of bearers determines the spacing of peers or stumps & spacing of the bearers equal the space of joists
In Situ Concrete E-learning, 2014 -Cast in (liquid plastic) - concrete element poured in to formwork &cured (chemical process-hydration) on the building site) -wisely used in footings/retaining walls/all nonstandard structural elements - A. Construction Joints – divide construction (slabs) to many sections of work - B. Control Joints (make sure big massive concrete doesn’t crack over time) - material change shape all the time (concrete shrinkage/elongation due to temporal difference/material coefficient/dimensions of the piece)
Steel system - ‘Steel framing’ system takes various forms, with utilising heavy gauge structural steel members and others using light gauge steel framing. -combinations of member types &materials -girders (main beams) &joists
CHING: 04 Floor systems
Pre-cast Concrete E-learning, 2014 -Fabricated in controlled environments and then transported to site for installation. - More standardised outcome and higher quality - Progress at a much faster rate - Rarely used in footing, commonly used in retaining walls, walls and columns. - A. Construction Joints- gap between one & another element when one precast elements meet another. - B. Structural JointsType performance of structural connections joining the precast elements to each other and to other parts of the structure are critical for overall performance of the building.
Beams Cantilevers E-learning, 2014 Cantilevers- created when structural element is supported at one end or overhanging portions of a member -Carry loads along the length of the member and transfer these loads to the support.
03_Glossary Appendix 1. Joists- ‘a joist is one of the horizontal supporting members that run between foundations, walls, or beams to support a ceiling or floor. Normally, beam is bigger than the joist. Joists are supported by beams in ordered patterns’ (Fowler, personal communication, August 20th, 2014).
2. Girder –‘A girder is a support beam used in construction. It often has an I-beam cross section for strength, but may also have a box, Z shape or other forms. It’s used to highlight the main horizontal support of a structure which supports smaller beams’ (Fowler, personal communication, August 20th, 2014).
3. Steel decking –‘it’s a type of cold-formed corrugated metal most commonly used to support the insulating membrane of the roof. It’s created by stamping and pressing traditional sheet steel into the desired shape and provides extra support between the roof’s joists and beams’ (Steel deck definition, Heidelberger, n.d.)
4. Concrete plank–‘it’s a precast, prestressed, hollow-core plank. It usually has light weight and it’s used for floor and roof decking’ (Fowler, personal communication, August 20th, 2014).
5. Bearer–‘it’s any loadsupporting horizontal structural member. It’s usually located under the joists’ (Fowler, personal communication, August 20th, 2014). Bearer
6. Spacing–‘it’s repeating distance between a series of like or similar elements. It’s often associated with supporting elements, such as beams and columns. It’s gradually measured centre-line to centre-line horizontally and vertically’ (Span spacing, elearning, 2014).
04_Reference List Beams and Cantilevers, e-learning, 2014, viewed 25th August 2014, Retrieved From,https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM2 /WEEK%2004/BEAMS%20AND%20CANTILEVERS.pdf
Ching, F. (2014). Building construction illustrated / Francis D. K. Ching. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014, p. 4.01- 5.07 Floor framing system, e-learning, 2014, viewed 20th August 2014. Retrieved from, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otKffehOWaw&feature=youtu.be
In Situ Concrete, e-learning, 2014, viewed 25th August 2014. Retrieved from, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3zW_TBGjfE&feature=youtu.be
Span and spacing, e-learning, 2014, viewed 8th August 2014. Retrieved from,https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM2 /WEEK%2004/SPAN%20AND%20SPACING.pdf
Steel deck definition, Heidelberger, n.d., viewed 25th August 2014, Retrieved from, http://www.ehow.com/info_12194092_steel-deck-definition.html
Prep-cast concrete, e-learning, 2014, viewed 8th August 2014. Retrieved From, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scYY-MMezI0&feature=youtu.be