Part III

Part III

A Fa m i l y A p p roa c h to H o u s i n g We l fa re

Lord Wolfson offers £250, 000 prize to design garden city Financial times 14th November 2013

Wolfson prize seeks garden city solution to UK housing squeeze Constraints on space, buyers’ tight budgets and ‘nimby’ opposition mean garden cities are not the answer The Guardian 13th November

Why should Britain build new towns when it already has great cities?

Awarding prizes for the urbanisation of the countryside makes no sense while existing cities are given Cinderella status The Guardian 14th November

Two New Garden Cities for Southern England in ‘secret’ Tory Plan The Telegraph 11th Jan 2014

Government must be upfront about garden city plans, says Nick Clegg Deputy prime minister says green belt is being eaten away and calls for planned cities rather than piecemeal developments The Guardian 17th Jan 2014

Our housing is in crisis – we need both brownfield and greenfield sites The tougher the planning controls, the higher the house prices. We must ease restrictions in our cities and in the countryside The Guardian 19th Jan 2014

Shadow planning minister champions garden city principles in Letchworth visit The Independent 20th Jan 2014

Welwyn Garden City savaged on National BBC Radio Show The Times 20 Jan 2014

We WILL build two new garden cities to tackle the country’s housing crisis, says Pickles The Daily Mail 20 Jan 2014

County council pledges to fight garden city plan after Gerrards Cross Rumours Welwyn Hatfield Times 21st Jan 2014

LANDGRAB HEADLINES The headlines above chart he media reaction to the specul;ation of an unpublished garden cities ‘prospectus’ recommending the construction of two major new settlements in Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire or Warwickshire.

It is suggested that officials are in a “panic” over the political implications for safe Conservative seats should the document be published. Liberal Democrats are in favour of the airing of the 50-page report.

Yeilding Garden City Left: A vision of how Yalding may look if it is to become of 2 new garden cities as proposed by the coalition government.

Below: Yalding today, a small village in the london greenbelt.

Yeilding Village

“Garden cities are a way of protecting the countryside. It is possible to create them without building on the green belt, National Parks or Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty. And by doing it we could deliver homes people can afford in places they want to live.”

“I think there is real potential to provide some of this new housing in garden cities if we get the two most important elements right: private investment and community ownership.”

Nick Clegg Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of the Liberal Democratts Jan 2014

Location of 2 new Garden Cities Proposed by Coalition Government to provide new homes

Grant Shapps MP Housing Minister & Conservative Mp for Welwyn and Hatfield Jan 2014

Yalding, Kent

Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire

COALITION’S GARDEN CITY ‘PROSPECTUS’ Housing Minister and Conservative MP for Welwyn and Hatfield, Grant Shapps is championing the idea of the Garden City as an amswer to the UK housing crisis. Current media speculation suggests 2 new garden cities could be bult in London Greenbelt in Yalding, Kent and gerrards Cross Buckinghamshire

2011 Still from ‘Fairy’ washing up liquid advert.

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Item 58 of 100 Credit: Image Courtesy of The Advertising Archives

Credit: Image Courtesy of The Advertising Archives

Credit: Image Courtesy of The Advertising Archives

After Social and Instability of the 1950 - The suburban ideal is strongly linked with notion of the ‘Nuclear family’ and a return to female domesticity: the home is a place of consumption, the female is a ‘housewife’ and husband is breadwinner.

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THE SUBURBAN ‘BEAU IDEAL’ The avertisements above from 1950s and 2011 highlight that is an inherent link between the suburban housing type and the notion of a ‘Nuclear Family’. The ‘leafy’ suburb promisses stability, health and a place build a family.

A key difference between the portrayeal of suburbia today from that of the 50s is the move away from the gendered steretype associated with domestic duties.

New Domesticity

Communal Infrastructurees for Domestic Duties

Linking home with non-domestic work

Suburban Vernacular and the ‘Beau Ideal’

Sense of stability through familiarality & non-shelter infrastructure

relinking with nature reteating from city life

[Beyond] Nuclear Family Welfare Provision

Household welfare provision

Community welfare provision

KEY THEMES OF RESEARCH

Proposed Site Locations

Welwyn Garden City

#1 Rural 30 perminent dwellings + 40 seasonal dwellings Harvest festival Site

Essenden Country Club

#2 Suburban 80 houses New ‘Garden’ Suburb

Linking Urban, Rural and Suburb

#3 Urban 8-12 City Flat Shares For Commuters who work in the city 1 or 2 days per week

LB Camden London Greenbelt Key Plan

London Metropolitan Greenbelt

Hertfordshire

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DNS London Greenbelt Key Plan

Welwyn Garden City

Essenden Country Club

London Metro LB Camden

Hertfordshir

SITE LOCATIONS Linking brownfield sites in Urban, Suburban and and Rural Environments

London Metropolitan Greenbelt

Hertfordshire

#2 Suburban

Program

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SITE LOCATION AND PROGRAM A New Gard en City Su b u rb - des i gned around the noti on of Com m unal , dom estic Infrastru c tures and fl ex i bl e housi ng typol ogy.

Community gardens for the production of food and leisure.

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site: Twentieth Mile dissused Shreaded Wheat Factory, Bridge Welwyn Garden City

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Shared public spaces for people to meet and children to play

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Domestic infrastructures largely self sufficient communities with 7-10 households, sharing amenities such as gas, heat and water harvesting

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2/3 Offices and a conference Rooms per dweling

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8-12 Mini houses – the minimum dwelling space required for shelter and to feel ‘at home’ for a night or two.

Childcare facilities Communal space for cooking/ talking in the evening N

St. Stilas Estate (NW5)

Grangefield, Marquis Road (NW1)

DNS

Public Space

A shop front market stall/grocers for the sale of produce

St Stilas Estate (NW5) Marquis Road (NW1) sites: Council owned dissused ‘small sites’ Curently under public consultation regardng their future use, London Borough of Camden

SITE LOCATION AND PROGRAM Infill infrastru ctu res will create a ‘ hom e from hom e’ peopl e who com m ute from th e su b u rban o r ru ral s i te to wor k i n the c i ty one or 2 days per week .

#1 Rural

Program Public Space

Location of Anual Harbest Festival’ Passive and active production of low labour intensive crops, such as orchards.

Esenden Country Glub Golf Course 1

Encouraging people from suburbs to greenbelt - dwellings expand to accomdate 120 extra people during harvest.

Home

Proposed Site : Esenden Country Glub Golf Course 2

Home to 30 perminent families with space to contract and expand to accomodate an extra 40 families seasonally

Domestic infrastructures largely self sufficient communities with 3-5 households, sharing amenities such as gas, heat and water harvesting

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Work

Workspaces and Business Start ups

Creche & low intensity agrecultural community job shares - such as spreying and planting.

site: 1 of 2 Golf Courses at Essenden Country Club

SITE LOCATION AND PROGRAM Sited o n a g o lf co u rse th e Ru ral si te houses a com m uni ty of 30 per m i nent fam i l i es who l i ve an d larg ely wo rk in th e g reen bel t. The typol ogy i s fl ex i bl e al l owi ng for the dwel l i ngs to ad apt to h o u se a seaso n al infl ux of c i ty dwel l ers dur i ng anual The H ar vest Festi val .

Welwyn Garden City

Essenden Country Club

Suburban vernacular infastructure such as lampposts become structural system and also become a marker for public space.

Each dwelling can expand upwards by one storey to accomodate for a growing family. and allow occupants a sense of stability and ownership over their environment.

Infastructure links physically between other towers through layred shelter and water filter and transfer system

Each tower has a communal function such as childcare/ foodshare/workshop/ office space these function form active street front during day

Shared domestic infastructures, which dwellings clip into.

Structures are self sufficient low rise towers harvesting gas, water heat and fertiliser.

DOMESTIC INFASTRUCTURES Dwelings ‘clip in’ to existing framework to form part of communal infastructure producing and sharing gas/water/and fertiliser for crops. Beds below allow growth of in gravel beds - the only crop to thrive in the naturally chalcky soil of Welwyn Garden City.

A roofscape of conservatories / sheds and greenhouses is imagined

Tall hedges act as a noise buffer but are also cut to frame views between dwellings.

IMAGINED FUTURE: ROOFSCAPE OF CONSERVATORIES/ GREEN HOUSES AND SHEDS It is imagined that each dwelling will be permitted to extend upwards 1 storey, allowing families to feel a sense of ownership through the customisation of the typology as well as allowing for an increase in family size.

SUBURBAN SITE: DOMESTIC INFRASTRUCTURES Initial Design Ideas for suburban Site - Small communities formed around shared services within bigger masterplan

Ground space used for production of low labour intensive crop and superfood watercress, which grows well in gravel bed on chalk soil.

Value £18, 000 Price £18,000

‘Help to Buy’ Scheme

‘Right to Buy’ Scheme

Key Family Tree

Value £30,000 Price £10,000 After Right to buy

£170,000 Price £10,000 AfterValue £85,000

Help To Buy

Remortgage against increase in value

Generational Transfere of Housing wealth

Value at death £75,000

Average age at home ownership 40

Average age at home ownership 28-29

38%

People under 30 relying on wealth from parents to secure their own home + 10% since 1996

26%

Young people the age of 2034 living with parents +25% since 1996 Office for National statistics

Work i n Prog ress >40 1990 2012

RE-FAMILISATION OF SOCIETY Family has increasingly become a means of welfare as younger generations rely on older ‘housing rich’ generations due to the changes in thr housing market

Rainwater Water Harvesting canopies collect and distribute rainwater to Watercress Crop

Biodigesters produce Gas, and fertiliser, they expand when full, causing infastructure to float upwards. resulting in undulating landscape and encouraging water flow.

Dwellings have minimun impact on the ground - watercress beds enjoy chalk soil conditions and prevent surface flooding

SUBURBAN SITE: DOMESTIC INFRASTRUCTURES Initial Design Ideas for suburban Site - Small communities formed around shared services within bigger masterplan

Infastructures link to create green web across city

Mini dwellings - a place to sleep in the city for a night or 2.

Shared Office + small meeting room

Herb Gardens for existing community cafe selling juice/soup and veg from the Rural site

Childcare centre for up to 5 children

INITIAL STRUCTURAL CONCEPT Pylon style stuctures also making use of prestressed properties using tension wires to compress horizontal decks and alowing for cantilever over existing buildings where space is limited

URBAN SITE: DWELLINGS FOR COMMUTERS WHO WORK IN THE CITY 1-2 DAYS PER WEEK Initial Design Concept diagram showing program of urban dwelling.

Infill Strutures slot into existing brownfield sites, tap into gutter systems of existing water to harvest herbs for the comunity.