Ponti lambro, PONTI BRIDGES by Johnny Rizk

Johnny Rizk Politecnico Di Milano Urban Policies esign Studio

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Abstract Abstract

The interest in the possibility of intervention in - The macroscale, creating a relation between a complex area is the starting point of this the neighborhood and the wider context of work. the city of Milan and the surrounding Municipalities. Acting in a delicate situation, involves taking a - The microscale, focusing on the neighborhoflexible attitude and willing to change because od itself. an idea taken at the beginning of an analytical process could be redefined or changed over Inspired by the Dutch planning system time. transformation in some cities from top-down It is also essential to learn and receive stimuli to bottom-up practices, the proposal for the from the area to better understand the needs area is conceived not merely as a typical urban of the inhabitants who daily live this reality. masterplan but as the definition of variable mechanisms in order to help the different The project is aimed at an exemplary case: the “users” of the neighborhood to create their Ponte Lambro neighborhood, an area on the own plans for the future of the area, taking extreme outskirts of Milan that for years has advantage of all the opportunities and potenbeen represented by the media, by the popu- tialities that the area currently offers (such as lation, and by policies as the most difficult river Lambro or Laboratorio di Quartiere). among the districts of the Milan suburbs. The municipality is in fact at the centre of the The idea is to create links and direct relations debate on the Milanese suburbs and Ponte between citizens and future urban, between Lambro has become an emblematic case of developers and future developments and the redevelopment policies. between young generations and future business opportunities. After analyzing the context from an historical and physical point of view, the study has Form this conception comes the title “Ponti”moved in the direction of giving solutions to “Bridges” chosen for the project, which refers all those material and immaterial problems not only to the name of the neighborhood that have emerged. itself, but also to the idea of prepare and pave Therefore, the main goal of the project is to the way for people so that they can have the revitalize and regenerate the neighborhood. opportunity to draw themselves their own best future. According to this, two main strategies have been defined. Each strategy present different actions, different places and works simultaneously on two different scales: Urban Policies esign Studio

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Index 1.

3. 4.

5 Introduction 1.1 Location of Ponte Lambro 1.2 Historical evolution 1.3 Planning process of the area

09 10

Transformation

17 18 19

Current situation 4.1 The Cities 4.2 Population 4.3 Development process

Problems 5.1 Material: The Cities 5.2 Immaterial: Interviews 5.3 SWOT analysis 5.4 Problem definition

Feasibility 7.1 Technical feasibility

55 67 75 83 91

I. Actors: duties and benefits II. Actors: power and willingness

93 94 95 96

7.3 Economic feasibility

I. Econimic dynamic II. Aula Bunker: assumption III. Aula Bunker: business plan

7.2 Political feasibility

I. Opportunity: Regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Potential II. Livability: Sociotopic Mapping

Opportunity: I. Ponte della Start-up II. Ponte dello Sviluppo Livability: III. Ponte della CittĂ IV. Ponte della Natura

Infrastructure 2.1 Macro-scale: mobility system 2.2 Accessibility to the area 2.3 Micro-scale: mobility system

Ponti-Bridges 6.1 The vision 6.2 The strategies

97 98 99

Conclusion

101

Case studies & references

107

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Introduction 1.1 Location of Ponte Lambro 1.2 Historical evolution 1.3 Planning process

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1.1 Ponte 1 . 1 L Location ocation ofofP onte L amLambro b ro 9

2 3

1 4

6 5

Ponte Lambro is a neighborhood of Milan located on the south-east border of the city, belonging to Zone 4. The area borders to the east with Linate, a fraction of Peschiera Borromeo and to the south with the Municipality of San Donato Milanese. The district looks like an enclave, primarily because it is physically separated from the rest of the city by the Tangenziale Est, a visual and sound barrier. The isolation is also accentuated by the perimeter of the district, which is closed to the east by the river Lambro and to the south-west by the presence of large green areas not built with agricultural settlements.

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1 1.2 . 2 H Historical is torical ev Evolution olu tion

Agricultural

Development

500 inhabitants Water Cascine Agricultural activities

1500 inhabitants Houses Shops

1900-1920

(around via degli Umiliati axis 1930-1940

First residential settlement New commercial activities (lavanderie)

1900-1920

AGRICULTURAL AREA

Until the beginning of the ' 900 the area of the current district was configured as an exclusively agricultural sector, characterized by the presence of large farmhouses and a particular richness of surface water. The urban settlement begins to develop when some families of lavenders from the central districts of the city are established along the embankment of the river Lambro and set up their activities

New shops and craft activities New residential settlements

1950-1960

1930-1940

MORE CONTRUSCTIONS

DEVELOPMENT ALONG VIA DEGLI UMILIATI

It was a heterogeneous population, of proletarian extraction and structured around some large families: the most historical nucleus of the lavenders had now joined a worker nucleus. Until the WWII the building expansion concerns the northern part of the district that gravitates around the Paullese road and the area along the river. The via degli Umiliati constitutes the main axis of the area on which the commercial and artisan activities were overlooked. Urban Policies esign Studio

A migratory Aprocess began in migratory proces arrival of newarrival families fromfamilie the reg of new Tuscany and Tuscany Veneto, well integrat and Veneto, bitants of thebitants area. of the area.

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Development of theof the Development Neighborhood Neighborhood

Beginning of Degradation

5000 inhabitants 5000 inhabitants Migration processprocess Migration High social Highcohesion social cohesion Public housing construction, Public housing construction, Collective servicesservices Collective

1981 1982 Clinic Complete loss of the agricultural vocation 1984 bunk 1973-1974: the settlement of PUBLIC HOUSES1988 Worl

1950-1960 1950-1960

“School“School Citadel”Citadel” 1954 1954

e 50s with the50s with the began in the ns ofthe theregions south, of the south, om g with the inhaell integrating with the inha-

1970-1980

BEGINNING OF DEGRADATION

It was the 1970s to constitute the real turning point in the history of the district: between 1973-74, the city of Milan entrusted to the IACPM a massive intervention of economic and popular construction in the via Ucelli di Nemi and via Serrati streets.

1970-1980

Firs con

199

Condition of decay Scarcity of services Abusive occupations

of via Ucelli di Nemi and via Serrati (the socalled “white Houses”)

1990-2000

FIRST ATTEMPTS TO IMPROVE THE CONDITION OF THE AREA

The administrative attention was realized in 2000 with the establishment of the periphery sector and the activation, in one of the white houses, of the Pre-laboratorio, which was to follow the never realized laboratory of Renzo Piano. Finally, in 2004 the municipality participated in the announcement by the region for the programContratti di Quaritere II

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process (from today) 1 1.3 . 3 P Planning lanning proces s (from 6 0 60s s to to today)

re a

via

in or

1983

1985

via X X V A prile

via R . M. R ilke

Case bianche 1972-74

Nursery school 1979

Middle school 1975 (Aula Bunker in 1984) Casa parcheggio 1978

Municipal market 1981

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Construction of the hotel on the occasion of the '90 Soccer World Cup; unfinished due to economic problems of the manufacturing company (Ecomostro)

via G . M. S e r rati

via degli Umiliati

1981

Realization of the Municipal Market and construction of the playground for “Case Bianche”

1979

Construction of the nursery school and social center (CTS)

1978

Construction of “case parcheggio”

1975

Construction of the middle school Establishment of “Comitato di Lotta continua di Ponte Lambro”

End of construction of “case bianche”

1974

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

Beginning of the design of “stecche o case bianche”

via G. Ucel li d i N emi

via C a m a

Pa via

case parcheggio”. ino via Mo nte c as s he nursing home changed 5 E lio V it t l address become the Monzino Hospital middle school converted into the “Aula ” reation of a hotel in view of the ‘ 90s Cup (felled in 2012)via G . M. S errati

ldoli

via Monte Oliveto

ittorini via E lio V Cascina Cascina Bagutto Zerbone

1972

piano di edilizia economica popolare, peep

2000

1962

Recovery plan realized by CO.P.P.AR.CO, Municipality of Milan, Consiglio zona 13

attempts to improve the dition of the area

Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

13 Conclusion of Contratto di quartiere II

Contratto di quartiere II Adoption PII Parea-Menotti

Ponte Lambro Rehabilitation Pilot Project (Renzo Piano) Rebirth of “Progetto periferie”

Rehabilitation plan of the Public Residential Building by the IACP

Interruption of the project of “Laboratorio di quartiere”

Inauguration of the new playground in via Vittorini

Demolishment of hotel named as Ecomostro

Implementation of the project of “Laboratorio di quartiere”

Inauguration of the “Istituto Scientifico di Riabilitazione”

the "Progettazione partecipata" activity is entrusted by the municipality of Milan to the IRS (Institute for Local Research)

New closure of the CTS due to vandalism

Failure of the Renzo Piano project Start of the Pre-Laboratory and closure of the CTS to host it The new “Comitato Ponte Lambro” is established

First attempt at reconversion of the structure of Italia '90. Hypothesis of insertion of the Besta hospital center, failed. Decision to create an Operational Technical Table on neighborhood problems Operation "Ali bianche" in Case Bianche

The Municipality performs renovations on the property it owns (Via Ucelli di Nemi 58, via Rilke 6/10) Beginning of the "Insieme per Ponte Lambro" experience

End of the experience of committee “Lotta di Ponte Lambro”, after the participation had progressively decreased

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2015 2013 2012 2011 2008 2006 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1997 1996 1995 1994 1985

REDEVELOPMENT

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Infrastructure

2.1 Macro-scale: mobility system 2.2 Accessibility to the area 2.3 Micro-scale: mobility system

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2 2.1 . 1 M Macro-scale: acro- s cale: m mobility ob ility s yssystem tem

DATEO

RAILWAY MILANO-PAVIA PIACENZA-GENOVA

2 3

1 4

ZONE1

PORTA VITTORIA

LINATE

Lambro river Main public green spaces Highway A51 Railway Metro line M3 Bus 66 (Cadore-Peschiera Borromeo) Bus 45 (Cadore-San Donato M3)

P.TA ROMANA

LODI

PESCHIERA BORROMEO

BRENTA

ZONE 5

Main cycle paths

HIGHWAY A51

CORVETTO

PORTO DI MARE RAILWAY MILANO-BOLOGNA

ROGOREDO SAN DONATO

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the area 2 2.2 2 . . 2 2 . A 2Accessibility A cces cces A ccess s ibibs ility ibility ility to toto to the the the area area area From From From From Città Città Città Città Studi Studi Studi Studi

From From From From Linate Linate Linate Linate airport airport airport airport

By By Bycar: car: car: By car: 999mins mins mins 9 mins

Bypublic public By public transportation: transportation: 41mins mins 41 mins By By public transportation: transportation: 41 41 mins

From From From From city city citycity centre centre centre centre (Duomo) (Duomo) (Duomo) (Duomo)

By Bycar: car: 24 24mins mins By car: 24 mins By car: 24 mins

By By Bypublic public public By public transportation: transportation: transportation: transportation: 44 44 44mins mins mins 44 mins

By By Bycar: car: car: By car: 14 14 14mins mins mins 14 mins

From From Prada Prada Foundation Foundation From Prada Foundation From Prada Foundation

Bypublic public By public transportation: transportation: 30mins mins 30 mins By By public transportation: transportation: 30 30 mins

Bycar: car: 11mins mins By 11 By car: By car: 11 mins 11 mins

By transportation: 37 Bypublic public By public transportation: transportation: 37mins mins 37 mins By public transportation: 37 mins

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2.3 2 . 3 M Micro-scale: icro- s cale: m mobility ob ility s yssystem tem

NTE LAMBRO, MI

ITY OF CITADELS

19 Residential buildings Erp heritage Churches Industrial buildings Other buildings

Highway Main urban road Urban roads Dirt roads Municipal border Water elements Ponte Lambro neighborhood looks like an enclave, primarily because physically separated from the rest of the city by the highway 51, a visual and sonorous barrier. The isolation is also accentuated by the perimeter of the district, which is closed to the east by the river Lambro and to the southwest by the presence of large green areas not built with agricultural settlements. The only direct connection to the center of Milan is given by the underpass placed at a junction of the road (exit of the highway Mecenate).

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Transformation 3.1 Transformation areas around Ponte Lambro

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T rans form ation T ransareas form arou ationnd areas P onte arouL amndb P ro onte L am b ro

3.1 Transformation areas around Ponte Lambro

SANTA GIULIA PROJECTSANTA GIULIA PROJECT RAILYARDS PROJECT RAILYARDS PROJECT LINATE AIRPORT PROJECT LINATE AIRPORT Regeneration of former industrial Regeneration area of former Redevelopmen industrial area of 7 disused Redevelopmen railyards of 7 disused Renovation railyards and expansion Renovation of the existing and e Santa Giulianew Project Railyards Projectto increas to create a residential district to create a residential todistrict create urban spaces to create new urban spacesairport to increase its capacity airport Regeneration of former industrual area to Farini create a residential district. Porta Genova

Ponte Lambro

Farini

Ponte Lambro

form ation areas arou nd P onte L am b ro Santa Giuliaof Milan Muncipality

Lambrate

Redevelopment of 7 disused railyards to create new urban spaces.

Linate Air

Porta Genova

San Cristoford

Muncipality of Milan

Lambrate

Santa Giulia Porta Romana

Ponte Lambro

San Cristoford Rogoredo Porta Romana

Rogoredo

Parco Forlanini Linate Airport Project ULIA PROJECT RAILYARDS PROJECT LINATE AIRPORT PROJECT PARCO FORLAN PARCO FORLANINI PROJECT Renovation and tion of former industrial area Redevelopmen of 7 Project disused railyards Renovation and expansion of the existing existing expansion of the New park project on 320 a residentialRE district to create newPROJECT urban spaces airport toPONTE increaseLAMBRO its capacity LAMBRO PROJECT RE LAMBRO PONTE LAMBRO TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION existing airpoty to hectares of green area. Regeneration of the area Regeneration alongside the of the area alongside the Proposed strategy for the Proposed transformation strategy area for between the transformation area between increase its capacity. Parco Forlanini Lambrate Farini river Lambro river Lambro Ponte Lambro and the Highway Ponte Lambro (approx.and 140,000 the Highway m2) (approx. 140,000 m2) Linate Airport

Porta Genova

Ponte Lambro

nte Lambro

Milan

Ponte Lambro

Ponte Lambro Social Housing

Social Housing

Monzino Cardiology Center Linate Airport

Monzino Cardiology Center

Ponte Lambro

San Cristoford Santa Giulia Muncipality of Milan

Porta Romana Muncipality of Milan

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mbrate

LINATE AIRPORT PROJECT

PARCO FORLANINI PROJECT PONTE LAMBRO TRANSFORMATION PONTE LAMBRO TRANSFORMATION for the transformation area between ProposedProposed strategystrategy for the transformation area between Ponte Lambro and the Highway (approx. 140,000 m2)

RE LAMBRO PROJECT RE LAMBRO PROJECT Renovation and expansion of the existing 3.1 Transformation areas around Regeneration of the area alongside the Regeneration areaits alongside airportof tothe increase capacity the river Lambro river Lambro

Ponte Lambro

Ponte Lambro and the Highway (approx. 140,000 m2) Parco Forlanini

RELambro Project Regeneration of the Ponte Lambro Social Housing Ponte Lambro area alongside the river Social Housing Linate Airport Lambro.

Ponte Lambro Trasformation Proposed strategy for the transformation area between Ponte Lambro and the Highway (approx. 140,000 m2)

Ponte Lambro

Monzino Cardiology

Monzino Cardiology Center Center

do Muncipality of Milan

Residential and Public Services Area

River Lambro

Muncipality of Milan

Residential and Public Services Area

River Lambro

NSFORMATION the transformation area between Highway (approx. 140,000 m2)

PONTE LAMBRO, MI

ONTE LAMBRO, MI

PARCO SUD PROJECT

CITY OF PUBLIC

Ponte Lambro

Monzino Cardiology Center

CITY OF PUBLIC

Parco SUD Thr largest agricultural area in Europe on 46,000 hectars.

Residential and Public Services Area

te Lambro Parco SUD

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around Lambro T 3.1 T rans ransTransformation form form ation ationareas areasareas arou arou nd nd P P onte ontePonte L L amam b b ro ro

7 886

1 99

22 5

11 44

66 55

Parco Sud (inside Milan) Parco Sud (outside Milan) Milan Urban Belt Milan) (PCU) Parco ParcoSud Sud(inside (inside Milan) Santa Giulia Project Parco ParcoSud Sud(outside (outsideMilan) Milan) Ponte Lambro Trans. area Milan MilanUrban UrbanBelt Belt(PCU) (PCU) Linate airport Project Santa SantaGiulia GiuliaProject Project Parco Forlanini Project Ponte PonteLambro LambroTrans. Trans.area area Re Lambro Project Linate Linateairport airportProject Project Railyards Project Parco ParcoForlanini ForlaniniProject Project ReReLambro LambroProject Project Railyards Railyards Project The map showsProject the location of all the transformation areas and projects around Ponte Lambro neighborhood. Taking a look at the surrounding transformation areas is crucial to understanding how they could affect, in a positive or negative way, the development of the area of interest.

PONTE LAMBRO, MI

CITY OF RESIDENCE

PONTE PONTELAMBRO, LAMBRO,MI MI

CITY CITY OF OF RESIDENCE RESIDENCE Urban Policies esign Studio

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Current situation 4.1 The Cities 4.2 Population 4.3 Development process

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4.1 Cities: CityofofB orders Borders 4 . 1 T The he Cities : City

29 The city of the borders is characterized by boundaries of different nature that cut the territory vertically or horizontally, creating physical limits or visual boundaries along the district and inside. These borders as well as being physical barriers that prevent the passage, sometimes appear also as perceptual barriers that isolate the area in relation to the context and make it difficult to access. The borders appear of two main typologies: natural borders, such as the river Lambro and artificial borders, such as Highway 51 or â&#x20AC;&#x153;Case Biancheâ&#x20AC;? inside the neighborhood.

PONTE L

AMBRO, MI

OF TRANSPORT

Nature Border

Human Border

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CITY OF : NATURE 4.1 Cities: CityofofN Nature 4 . 1 T The he Cities City atu re

30 The definition of City of Nature stems from the fact that Ponte Lambro is characterized by the presence of large green areas including, in particular: -an agricultural area, part of the Parco Agricolo Sud that together with the Cascina Zerbone appears in the eyes of the citizens as a great resource for the primary sector - two public parks located respectively on the north of the district and internally, near of the "White Houses"

FARMING 1

Water Element

The district is also surrounded on the east side by an abandoned green, on the banks of the river Lambro. A space that is currently critical but full of future potentials.

Parks Element

MAP Precis

MBRO, MI

OF PUBLIC MAP Precise

1 Public green Agricultural Element

Semi-private green

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OF : CITADELS 4CITY . 1 The T he Cities City 4.1 Cities: CityofofCitadels Citadels

ISOLATION

31 The neighborhood of Ponte Lambro is characterized by the presence of several nuclei, definable so in that they are isolated and independent from the context. Among these, in particular, great value assumes the Monzino Cardiology Centre, located in the North area of the district. This space is a place of great attraction not only for the inhabitants of the area but also for the municipalities and the neighbouring cities. It is a striking example of what can be defined as "citadel", the hospital in fact is one of the main reasons of attraction within the area, although users do not exploit the space of the district itself.

ISOLATION

Prison Cetadel

Health Cetadel

MAP Precise Public Cetadel

MAP Precise

Aula Bunker

Public Cetadel

Residential Citadel

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CITY OF : TRANSPORT 4.1 Cities: CityofofT Transport 4 . 1 The T he Cities City rans port

CONNECTION

32 The City of transport shows the transport routes and the accessibility to the area. The Ponte Lambro neighborhood has a good accessibility at the macroscale level as it is located near the Highway 51. Internally in the neighborhood, as it is denoted by the design, the area has a series of connections in a north-south direction that allow you to cross the district vertically. In this regard, one of the greatest problems with concerning the accessibility of the area is found in the lack of horizontal connections.

CONNECTION

Local Roads 1 2

Local Roads

From the point of view transportation instead, although by private means the shift from the outside to the district and vice versa is easy, more complex is to move by public transport because not so much of the scarcity of buses but rather of the low frequency of the latter.

Parkins

MAP Prec

White Road

MAP Precise

Crowded street White Road 1

Local street

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CITY OF : PUBLIC 4.1 Cities: CityofofP u Public 4 . 1 T The he Cities City b lic

INTERACTION

The City of Public shows the location of the main public areas and services located in the neighborhood. As you can see from the draw, those are especially located along the central axis of the area, vertically developed.

INTERACTION

INTERACTIVE SPACES 1

For City of Public is intended both buildings (like Monzino Hospital or bars) or open areas (like green parks) in which people meets, interucts and spend time in the neighborhood.

INTERACTIVE SPACES 2

INTERACTIVE LABORATORIES

cise

INTERACTIVE BUILDING

MAP Precise

Main square

INTERACTIVE BUILDING

Plaza

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CITY OF : RESIDENCE 4 . 1 The T he Cities City es idence 4.1 Cities: CityofofR Residence

FRAGMENTATION

The City of Residence is characterized by the presence of several types of building located in the neighborhood, according to the period of their construction. The part that developed before is the one in the north of the area: here the houses follow the typology of city blocks and are characterized by semi-public spaces. Later, the area along via degli Umiliati was developed. The houses appear mainly as detached, on 3-4 floors, all characterized by different colors, maintanance and entrances. The area appears disorganized and the quality of the is not very high. On the contrary, along via Ucelli di Nemi, the houses known by the name of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Case Biancheâ&#x20AC;?, which were built in the 70s, follow the typology of ribbon. These public houses underwent a recent redevelopment, in 2004 on the occasion of the application of the strategies developed by the Contratto di Quartiere II. If initially they appeared in a state of decay, with the regeneration program the structure and the facades were improved also thanks to their lively coloration

PRIVET

FRAGMENTATION 1

PRIVET

SOCIAL HOUSES

SOCIETY HOUSES

MAP Precise

Private houses

SOCIETY HOUSES

Multi fabric

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4.2 4 . 2 PPopulation opu lation

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Contratto Quartiere Ponte 44.3 . 3 D Development ev elopm ent P process: roces s : Contratto di Q diu artiere “ M u “Muovere ov ere P onte L am b Lambro” ro”

SAN SIRO CALVAIRATE-MOLISE MAZZINI

Lombardia Region

PONTE LAMBRO

GRATOSOGLIO

5 peripheral areas in Milan, chosen for the implementation of the intervention tool called "Contratto di Quartiere"

The Municipal Administration of Milan on the basis of a Memorandum of Understanding with Aler, participates in the Regional Call with a project proposal called "Muovere Ponte Lambro". On October 28, 2004, the Ministry of Infrastructures and Trapsports issued the decree to approve the ranking, recognizing the "Muovere Ponte Lambro" project a co-financing of almost 19 million euros. The following year is dedicated to the formalization of agreements.

Laboratorio di Quartiere members: — Milan Municipality — ALER — Parties signatories — Other local subjects (associations, committees etc.)

Implementation Committee of Contratti di Quartiere Milan Municipality ALER

Joint Committee Lombardy Region and Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (composed by technical and political representative)

Cross-sectorial working group Coordination of the service district contacts and urban regeneration

Political actors

Technical-administrative actors

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re a 10

ini or

via degli Umiliati 3

1. ABITARE PONTE LAMBRO concerns the redevelopment, enhancement and increase of the public housing stock. As part of this intervention fall the actions that act on the house as a "private" area that as a passage between the domestic and collective dimensions. 2. ATTREZZARE PONTE LAMBRO

via G . M. S errati

via G. Ucel li d i N emi

Construction of sheltered housing for the elderly (via Ucelli di Nemi 25-23)

Restructuring of the municipal market

4 5

combat isolation and improve the habitability of the neighborhood

4 5

via R . M. R ilke

6 7

redevelopment of collective services

via X X V A prile

itt

ldol i

via

E li oV

Physical transformations of Contratto di Quartiere

3 main axes of intervention ino via Mo nte c as s

v ia C a m a

via

ittorini via E lio V Cascina Cascina Bagutto Zerbone

via Monte Oliveto

4.3 Development Development process: Contratto di Quartiere “Muovere Ponte Lambro” 4.3 Process: Contratto di Quartiere “Muovere Ponte Lambro”

3. VIVERE PONTE LAMBRO this axis corresponds to the "immaterial" interventions associated with the social and economic development of the district. the actions are developed around two strategies: to encourage the inhabitants' participation in the planned changes and to foresee the development of social and occupational integration services

Building maintenance via Ucelli di Nemi 36-11 Kindergarten renovation Road arrangement of via Ucelli di Nemi Buildings redevelopment via Rilke 10-6

Building redevelopment via Ucelli di Nemi 58 Realization of Laboratorio di Quartiere

Renovation of the nursery school

Maintenance of Sacro Cuore church

Restructuring and reorganization of the civic center CAM Parea

“Abitare Ponte Lambro”-ERP heritage “Attrezzare Ponte Lambro”-public services

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Problems 5.1 Material: The Cities 5.2 Immaterial: Interviews 5.3 SWOT analysis 5.4 Problem definition

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5.1Material: Material: The Cities 5.1 The Cities City of Borders

PROBLEMS

41 City of Nature

PROBLEMS

City of Citadels

PROBLEMS

Bad quality of the borders

Degradation of the river and surrounding areas

No physical interaction with the surrounding areas

No visual dominants

Illegal occupation of some buildings

Disruption of Ponte Lambro physical unity

OPPORTUNITIES River Lambro Northern buildings

OPPORTUNITIES River Lambro

OPPORTUNITIES Attractors of the visitors of the area Participants of Ponte Lambro events

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5.1 Material:The The Cities 5.1 Material: Cities City of Transport

PROBLEMS

42 City of Public

City of Residence

PROBLEMS

Bad quality of via degli Umiliati Lack of permeability

Disruption of public spacesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; continuity Lack of activity in the public spaces

Lack of public spaces

Problems between private and private properties

No public spaces in via Degli Umiliati

No activities

OPPORTUNITIES

High crime rate

OPPORTUNITIES CAM (social service) Laboratorio di Quartiere Aula Bunker Lambro riverbanks

OPPORTUNITIES Diversity of building styles and typologies Semi-public spaces

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5.2 Interviews 5 . 2 I Immaterial: m m aterial: interv iew s

NEGATIVE ASPECTS

POSITIVE ASPECTS

“THERE IS A LACK OF ACTIVITIES, ESPECIALLY FOR PEOPLE OF OUR AGE”

“THERE IS A LOT OF GREEN IN THE AREA”

“THERE IS A HIGH LEVEL OF IMMIGRANTS WHO SELL DRUGS”

“EVERYBODY KNOWS EACH OTHERS, IT’S LIKE A SMALL TOWN”

“THE PLACE IS NICE BUT NOT THE PEOPLE”

“SENSE OF BELONGING” Between 18 and 25 “I HAVE ALL I NEED NEAR TO MY HOUSE”

“IS DIFFICULT TO MOVE BY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION” “WE HAVE TO PAY ATTENTION WHEN WE GO OUT, ESPECIALLY DURING THE NIGHT”

Between 40 and 55

“THE NEIGHBORHOOD IS EXTREMELY UNIFIED, THERE IS SOCIAL COHESION”

“GOOD CONNECTION BY CAR TRANSPORTATION”

“SINCE THE IMMIGRANTS ARRIVED THE AREA BECAME QUITE CHAOTIC” Between 30 and 40

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analysis 5 5.3 . 3 S SWOT W O T analys is

Active community River Lambro Monzino Cardiology Centre Accessibility by car Huge transforming areas Affordable housing prices Laboratorio di Quartiere

Negative behaviours Isolated citadels Lack of activities Lack of permeability Lack of cycle paths Bad social reputation Inefficient public transportation Bad social integration between elders and foreigners Bad quality of river Lambro Bad built environment quality along via degli Umiliati

T Santa Giulia Project Highway 51 Linate Airport Transformation projects (Re-Lambro, Parco Forlanini, Parco SUD) Government willingness Metro line M4

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Pollution of the air Pollution of river Lambro On the border of 3 municipalities

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5.4 Problem definition

After completing all the analysis (the cities, the interviews & SWOT), we have moved on to defining the problems we are trying to answer through the livability and opportunity strategies. In the diagram shown, the various problems are represented in a hierarchical way. The problems represented in a more evident and colorful way, in fact, are those to which the strategies want to give a direct answer.

In other words, the strategies are specifically designed in order to give a solution to them. The other problems, instead, represented as smaller, are those to which the strategies respond implicitly and their resolution results as the implicit effect of the application of the strategies to the different areas taken into consideration.

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Ponti-Bridges 6.1 The vision 6.2 The strategies: Opportunity: I.Ponte della Start-up - Laboratorio II.Ponte dello Sviluppo - Aula Bunker Livability: I.Ponte della Citta - via degli Umiliati II. Ponte della Natura - River Lambro

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6.1 The vision: introduction

49 After analyzing the area it became clear that the neighborhood is not a typical neighborhood and the problems and incomes in the project are not typical neither. Obviously, the solutions and the outcomes should not be typical ones. The brainstorm started by questioning; does the project need to design a final-end master plan? or the project should be more than a typical urban master plan? Inspired by the Dutch planning system transformation in some cities from top-down to bottom-up practices, the main vision clearly became not to design physical elements or final end actions more than to design variable mechanisms help different people to create their own plans for the future of the neighborhood. The links between citizens and future urban, between citizens and future nature, between developers and future developments, and between young generations and future business opportunities.

PONTI BRIDGES Inspired by the neighborhood name "Ponte Lambro" the project takes the name "Ponti" in Italian which means "Bridges" in English. Mainly the strategies focus on building these bridges between different sides to influence and guide people actions and to leave the space Strategies for each one to be a real "Planner" for his/her future. Even for the developers, the strategy will be the same by putting some guidelines to be followed and leave them to decide the best implementation for the area. Urban Policies esign Studio

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People/ Developer

Bridges

Future Plan

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6.1 The vision: structure

Vision

PONTI BRIDGES

Opportunity

Strategies

Development

Sviluppo

City

CittĂ

Ponte Nature

della

Start-up

Ponte

della

Start-up

Ponte

dello

Steps

Ponte

della

Bridges

Livability

Natura

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Aula Bunker

via Degli Umiliati

River Lambro

1- Provide space & experience

1- Provide guidelines

1- Provide safe zones

1- Bring people

2- Meet Ideas & money

2- Make proposal

2- Make area permeable

2- Make Livable

3- Reach international level

3- Sell the plot

3- Build attractive space

3- Bring Commerce

4- Create brand & network

4- Develop the plot

4- Form Self-organizing community

4- Improve quality

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T heThe s trategies 6.1 strategy: strategies The strategies

The definition of the planning strategies, started following the analysis and evaluation of the major and most evident problems present inside Ponte Lambro. Each strategy present present inside Ponte Lambro. Each strategy present different actions and works simultaneously on two different scales: the macroscale, creating a relation between the neighborhood and the wider context of the city of Milan and the and the wider context of the city of Milan and the surrounding Municipalities. The microscale, focusing on the neighborhood itself. surrounding Municipalities. The microscale, focusing on the neighborhood itself.

O Opportunity pportu nity This strategy is thought in order to give opportunities to the inhabitanThis thought in order to give opportunities the inhabitants of strategy the area is from a working perspective. The goals ofto this strategy are: ts of the area from a working perspective. The goals of this strategy are:

The creation spaces where young people can have the opportuThe creation spaces where young canin have opportunity to learn new skills and take thepeople first steps thethe workplace nity to learn new skills and take the first steps in the workplace The realization of spaces in which people can introduce their The realization of spaces in which people can introduce their small business activities small business activities

L Livability iv ab ility This strategy is aimed at responding to all the material and immaterial This strategy aimed at responding to all the material and immaterial problems thatisthe Ponte Lambro neighborhood presents from the problems that Ponte Lambro neighborhood presents point of view of the its livability. The goals of this strategy are: from the point of view of its livability. The goals of this strategy are:

- The improvement of the quality of life within the neighborhood - The improvement of the quality of life within the neighborhood - The improvement of the built environment quality - The improvement of the built environment quality - The definition of a new and better image of the neighborhood new and better image of the neighborhood - The implementation of new places where people can interuct - The implementation of new places where people can interuct and spend time together, relax and practice sports and spend time together, relax and practice sports

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The places 6.1 The strategy: places

52 Opportunity Laboratorio di Quartiere The Laboratorio di Quartiere was introduced in the district from 2000, when Renzo Piano designed it. It is a tool thought in order to accompany the renova tion process of the neighborhood. The project however stopped because of bureaucratic problems before and failures later. Currently, passing through via Ucelli di Nemi, you can spot the unfinished interiors. However, space can be a great design opportunity to be exploited and the idea is to work for the purpose of reopening it.

Aula Bunker The Aula Bunker is a building initially conceived as middle school and subse quently transformed, in 1984, in a place dedicated to the execution of mafia processes. Right from the start the location of such a complex in the area made a stir becau se fist of all it took place inside the "school Citadel" of the neighborhood and therefore was surrounded by spaces frequented by children. Moreover, the placement of it within a peripheral neighborhood that already began to experien ce social problems was not perceived as a good idea. The area is currently dismissed and for this reason the design idea is to exploit this area for a possible future development, more coherent and beneficial for the neighborhood.

Livability River Lambro The river Lambro and its banks today appear as a degraded area, characterized by uncultivated green and rubbish. A part of the neighborhood that looks like neglected or even forgotten by the inhabitants. The willingness to focus the project actions in this area is the result of the idea that it can represent a great opportunity for the neighborhood. Revaluing and renaturalizing in fact the area through the introduction of new vegetation and cycle and pedestrian paths it can assume the role of meeting point for the inhabitants of the neighborhood and the surrounding areas.

Area B (via degli Umiliati) Via degli Umiliati today appears as the most degraded residential part of the neighborhood. It is characterized by the presence of very diverse houses, from the chromatic point of view and the building. The confusion and the general disorder that you perceive passing through the area has led us to conceive the latter as a possible area of intervention. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.1 The strategy: steps

All of the transformations on the places are divided into 4 steps in order to improve resilience of the whole project, make interventions more flexible and measured. First steps are starting from the smallest and cheapest interventions and goes to the most big and expensive one, which are the forth steps. Moreover, this separation of transformation period helps to evaluate its efficiency, reorganize and rethink the concept if it is necessary. Long-going implementation process will be more settled to reality and ready for changing economic and political circumstances.

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6.2.I Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: concept

In order to improve situation in the neighborhood, change it’s reputation in Milan and to create new identity, we decided to use Laboratorio di Quartiere building as the new startup hub.

Hub can be interesting as for Ponte Lambro’s habitats, as for Milan’s citizens, so Laboratorio di Quartiere, which is today stoped and not finished, can finally become a new attractor for the whole city.

It can become the new hart of innovative entrepreneurship in Ponte Lambro and Milan as well. For implementation of this idea we have all the resources: «strong concentration of people’s energy in periphery» (Renzo Piano), big universities with strong international reputation, great number of young people and professionals, already existing ecosystem of startups hubs and co-workings and good positions of Milan in the rankings related to the innovation and startups.

First, we have defined advantages and disadvantages of startups in Milan today in order to understand, what we can use as a strong support and what we need to try to change. Second, we designed four steps of implementation, starting from small and cheap interventions and going to big and expensive. Finally, we have pretended the possibile result of our actions, what we can reach and how we can improve the whole Milan’s ecosystem of innovations. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: advantages

ITALY IS THE THIRD COUNTRY WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF COWORKING SPACES AND HUBS IN EUROPE. The growth of these spaces costitutes an important foundation for the development of ecosystem that promotes the creation of new entrepreneurial initatives and encourages talent to connect. Source: Global Coworking Map

MILAN IS THE BIGGEST STARTUP HUB CITY IN ITALY. Financial Times: the university prestige, the availability of capital, the excellence of the food industry and high fashion, the cosmopolitan momentum resulting from the Expo 2015, as well as a number of pieces of legislation make Milan the best place to launch a startup in Italy.

23 Source: Atomico, Startup Heatmap 2017

MILAN HAS RANKED N.24 AMONGST THE TOP STUDENT CITIES IN THE WORLD. It shows the presence of strong professional community, educated people and attraction for the international talents. By the way, many universities like Politecnico di Milano, Bocconi, Universita degli Studi, IULM and Cattolica are raising their interest in startups. It is a good opportunity to connect talents, researchers, professionals together in some space.

days to establish the company

MILAN IS IN THE TOP10 MOST ATTRACTIVE CITIES FOR FOUNDERS IN EUROPE. The city has become a destination for startups partly because of the impetus and increase in vitality that followed the city’s hosting of the World’s Fair, Expo 2015.

$10000 31,4% 22% initial share capital (only $2500 should be paid)

corporate tax + local tax

VAT

Milan already have young, but vital biosphere of startups which is still developing. The city has perfect reputation as innovative and entrepreneural center of Italy and Europe as well. It is strongly based on universities, business, events, international corporations (Microsoft, Google, IBM and others have offices here) and have a future to improve it’s position as the most innovative and comfortable city for doing startups. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: disadvantages

MILAN’S STARTUP ECOSYSTEM IS FRAGMENTED, THERE IS NO NETWORK.

THE COST OF LIVING IN MILAN IS QUITE HIGH, ESPECIALLY THE RENT.

Today there are a lot of communities, hubs, co-working spaces and meetups happening in Milan but the point is: there is barely any networking between them. Since Milan’s scene is divided into silos, you will need to leverage different groups to really get an overview of what is going on here.

Milan is not very cheap to live in. The prices for rent is too high, demand is much higher than supply. Additionaly, the cost of services, food and leisure can make it too hard to live if you are a young entrepreneur.

ITALIAN BUREAUCRACY IS A COMPLICATION FOR STARTUP LIFE.

BIG

Italy has a set of laws that makes things too complicated. It’s not easy to be updated and consistent with all of rules and laws. This costs a lot of time and strength, especially for young inexperienced entrepreneur who only starts his career. Additionaly, time for startups costs too much, things are happening very fast and there is no chance to wait, at worst, slow bureaucratic process can even kill startup.

ECOSYSTEM OF STARTUPS IS TOO YOUNG FOR REACHING BIG INVESTMENTS. To get first round of investment ranging from 50’000 € to 100’000 € is not a big deal in Milan. But going further to the next step of development, it would be a great problem to fundraise follow-up srowth stage funding that’s closer to 1 Million €. That’s why startupers should start in Milan, but think internationally from the first day.

$$$ TAXATION RATES ARE TOO BIG FOR YOUNG COMPANIES TO LET THEM GROW. Corporate tax + local tax are 31,4%, VAT is at 22%. With maximum income even reach 45% taxation. For young companies this taxation can be extra harmful, it blocks the possibility to grow and develop. Recently there are big talks on government efforts in supporting entrepreneurship and new business creation. The reality is that Italy is miles away from countries like the UK, Ireland or the likes. To start own company entrepreneur needs to budget a good deal of money to register and have it working (taxation, accountancy).

The main issues of Milan’s startup ecosystem goes through all of the steps of young company development: the cost of living is quite high, it is difficult to find a place to stay. If this problem is solved, next barrier would be need of a big amount of money to register business and have it working. There is no problem to find first investments, but to grow bigger and not to orient on international level - huge mistake. Because ecosystem is not so mature, to find serious investments is enough complicated. All of this is accompanied by slow bureaucratic processes, hundreds of regulations and laws, high rate of taxation. The issues are challenging and thay need to be attacked by some proposals, which could become a key features in Laboratorio di Quartiere development. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: major events We have found major events, conferences and festivals in Milan, which are related to startups and innovation. All of them could be additional supportr for development of young entrepreneurs and hus itself. Moreover, presence of such events shows relatively high interest of community on development innovations and startups in the city. Lean Startup Machine is the world’s leading workshop in building successful businesses by validating your ideas using lean methodologies. Italy is actually one of the most successful countries in which the LSM workshop takes place. Codemotion is the biggest European technical conference on software development. If you are planning to hire developers, meet them, or sell something to them, you might want to be involved. From a developer’s side, Codemotion is both a career day and a technical conference with countless talks held by AWESOME speakers from around the world. Andrew Tanenbaum, Christian Heilman, Kevlin Henney, Bermon Painter, James Weaver, Bruce Lawson, just to name a few. Startup Weekend takes place yearly, the startup weekend gathers designers, coders and marketers for a full immersion of 54h in which they must go from zero to hero and present their project to a jury of potential private and corporate investors. Many successful startups of Rome’s scene have their roots dating back to a startup weekend. A must have experience and very good for meeting your potential new team members.

IAB Forum Milan is the most authoritative event of the year on digital and interactive communication in Italy, expected by all industry players and promoted by the Interactive Advertising Bureau Italy (IAB). Social Media Week is a full week of countless talks on technology, social media, and web marketing insights & trends. A great opportunity to catch up with what’s happening in the field and do a lot of networking with other participants. The talks are free and you can book the slots you’d like to join through their website. Actually you better do it ahead of time if you don’t want to find yourself left out. Social Media Marketing Day is an annual event regarding Social Media Marketing that takes place in June. SMAU: The landmark event in innovation and digital sectors for companies and the Italian professionals. Mashable Social Media Day consists of two days of refresher and training at the same time, you will see innovation told through concrete strategies and successful case studies presented by professionals. There will also be a startup pitching competition during these two days. Social Business Forum: The leading International event on collaborative and digital transformation organized by OpenKnowledge.

Protohack exists to show non-coders that they can create something amazing from nothing. Empower and enable the non-technical community with the tools, knowledge and connections that will help bring their idea to life and visually communicate it through prototyping. ProtoHack requires no coding. Instead you’ll be using prototyping tools, drag and drop editors, mockups, wireframes and anything else you think of to visually demo your idea on stage. Competitors will work in teams (up to 4) or solo. You have 9 hours to prototype your idea and then you’ll present on stage. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: inputs In the beggining, our main goal is to push the development of Laboratorio di Quartiere as the new startup hub. In the city there is already existing young ecosystem with the number of sturtup hubs. To be competitive and attractive enough, Laboratorio di Quartiere should have a strong support in reputational, economic and professional parts. Who can become this strong patron? Milan is well-known for itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s universities, they have perfect reputation in international level. There are some main:

But there is no any joint project between at least 3 of main universities of Milan, so Laboratorio di Quartiere could be the first time these important actors are collaborating and doing some project together. Based on such strong support, the value of it, competetivenes in the whole startup ecosystem of Milan will be strong enough to attract first students, young people and other citizens to start their own business, get first experience for their future career.

Politecnico di Milano - is the largest technical university in Italy, with about 42,000 students. It offers undergraduate, graduate and higher education courses in engineering, architecture and design. Founded in 1863, it is the oldest university in Milan. Universita degli Studi di Milano - It is one of the largest universities in Europe, with about 60,000 students, a permanent teaching and research staff of about 2,000. It offers undergraduate, graduate and higher education courses in law, medicine, sport and politics. The Universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research and teaching activities have developed over the years and have received important international recognitions. Bicconi University - is a private one. Bocconi provides undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate education in the fields of economics, management, finance, law, political science and public administration. SDA Bocconi, the universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s business school, offers MBA and Executive MBA programs. Moreover, these universities as well as IULM and Cattolica are raising their interest in startups. It might be a good opportunity to connect researchers, talents, use professional community to share advices and experience, especially regard to the fact that all of these universities are focusing in different spheres which are all extremely important for future entrepreneurs. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: first step

1- Provide space & experience Foster collaboration of main Milanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s universities Open 20% of the building: 8 apartments Provide this space for startups and entrepreneurs Attract professional to support and educate Educate the target group: lectures, master-classes

space

Building of Laboratorio di Quartiere is not used and even it is not yet finished. There is 40% (from the whole project) of work should be done. Most of this work is inner space. There are 4 steps of implementation, based on the same general approach for all of the interventions: from small to big, from cheap to expensive. So the first step should be as cheap as it possibile. First Step - In collaboration of 3 main universities: Politecnico di Milano, Universita degli Studi and Bicconi finish and open only ground and first floors of the building. According to our observation, these parts are almost finished, it is not a big deal to complete small details, put some equipment and open the floors.

community

support & education

This spaces would be enough to accomodate first entrepreneurs. With strong support of the three universities Laboratorio di Quartiere can provide working space for startups, community of young people including students, which could be additionaly interested because of university connection and basic educational facilities and support from professors. As a result, since the beggining, people can start business, get an advice from professionals, find new allies, get more knowledges from the other spheres, such as management, law, engineering and medicine. Moreover, they can have a guide through bureaucratical process, helping to do work paper faster, more accurate and correct.

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: second step

61 business

2- Meet Ideas & money Open more 25% of the building: 10 apartments Agregate more startups and entrepreneurs Attract businesses for investment Organise events ÂŤto meet ideas and moneyÂť Encourage participation in existing events Motivate startups to develop: 1year - free rent, 5% from any investments or relatively small rent payment. $ space

Laboratorio di Quartiere - is not just a place for experience, but it is real startup hub: place where you can also find some contacts with investors, find money for further development of idea. Second Step - is to open 2 more floors for startups and what is more, encourage business and investors to throw their eye on the talents, their ideas and to help them with further development. There are several things which can be useful to attract investors: good reputation of the patrons universitites, their contacts with important and powerful people can be a good thing to start with. Moreover, organizing some events and even participation in existing one can be very important to complete this steps.

community

support & education

meet ideas & investment

In order to reach economic profit from Laboratorio di Quartiere, but keep the free rent as outstanding feature, we designed the basic deal between entrepreneurs and the owners of the project: first year is a free rent, but after there are two options. First, if you will get investment, then 5% goes to the startup managment company in order to use this money for further development, opening the floors and maintaining the building. Second, if there is no investment after first year, entrepreneurs should start to pay relatively small price for rent. As a result, such policy can be additional motivation to work harder.

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: third step

business

3- Reach international level Open more 30% of the building: 12 apartments Reach EU investment from specific programs Communicate with international companies for sharing experince, investment and events participation Organise and participate on international events

big investment

Main problem of todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s startup hub ecosystem in Milan is difficulty to find big investments. According to number of resources, first round investments up to 100â&#x20AC;&#x2122;000 Eur. is not a great problem. But in order to develop the company further, entrepreneurs should find more - this is challenging task. The only chance for them is to orient on international level since the beggining. Third Step - is focuses on bigger scale in order to express the startup hub abroad, extend community and groups of interest. First is to open more spaces and start to build the contact with international corporations, especially with those who are located in Milan: Google, Microsft and others.

$ space

community

support & education

meet ideas & investment

international events

Such giants can be interested in new ideas and startups in order to buy or invest them, they can be interested to provide some lectures and share experience, organise internships and recruite new talents. Another important international actor is European Union. There are 2 programs for financial support of projects, which are linked to the young EU generation development and to the innovations and startups directly. On the third step it would be possibile to prove that Laboratorio di Quartiere is successful case and it deserves investment and attention from European Union.

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: fourth step

business

4- Create brand & network Finish the building: 10 apartments Build the brend of Laboratorio di Quartiere Communicate and collaborate with other startups Create stable Milan sturtup hubs’ network with the center in Ponte Lambro Develop more startup hubs in peripheries under the same brand

brand

Another important issue in Milan’s startup ecosystem is detachment of all the hubs. There is no contact or collaboration between them, while such processes are extremely significant for efficient development.

big investment

$ space

community

support & education

meet ideas & investment

international events

startups’ network

Forth Step is focusing on creating stable network of startup hubs and coworking spaces in all Milan with main node in Laboratorio di Quartiere. In order to link hubs to each other, could be organised adiitional competitions, events, exchanges and collaborative projects. Another serious goal - to develop Laboratorio di Quartiere’s own brend for better advertising and possibility to open new spaces with support of brand’s reputation. It also will help to organize startups ecosystem in Milan with centrality in Ponte Lambro. Now with support of universities, business, international corporations and EU government, development of the brand is possibile.

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: outputs

As it was defined before, Milan has a strong potential as a city of sturtup, innovations and fast entrepreneurship, build up ecosystem is already there, it is young but vital. Because of itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s youth it is difficult to find big investments and there is no connections between hub in the city. But after the long process of implementation of 4 steps, Laboratorio di Quartiere can turn into the most important startup hub in Milan, the center of connected network of other hubs and co-workings together. Reaching international attention the hub can bring new big investments into Milanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ecosystem, improve the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position in the rankings, related to sturtups and innovations. Most of the existing startup hubs located in the city center or in the second circle. As a result, it could be useful to open new startup hubs in the problematic peripheral areas in order to activate some changes in the neighborhood. With use of Laboratorio di Quartiere brand, reputation and support it can be even easier.

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6.2.II Ponte della Start-up: Laboratorio di Quartiere: actors

ALER Milano

Other Hubs

Implementation

Monzino C. Center

Self-satisfaction

Connections

Citizens Elders

Universities

Collaboration

Educating

Youth

Money

Marketing

BASE, Impact Hub, PoliHub, FAB Lab.

Companies

Supports

Contratti di Quartiere

Gov. Org.and NGO. Private

Local

Actors

International

Gov. Authorities

Organizing Events

Google, Microsoft, Apple, Samsung, Sony, LG.

Equipment

Public

Duties

Time

Politecnico di Milano, University of Milan, ... etc.

Space

Benefits Jobs

Ideas

Experiences

Indirect Benefits Good Reputations

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6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: concept

Aula Bunker

Aula Bunker, originally thought as a place dedicated to the execution of mafia processes and currently in the state of abandonment, is thought of as a potential space in order to give to the neighborhood a better and more appropriate image according to its location. The area is conceived as a space in which to make concrete the planning strategy of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Opportunityâ&#x20AC;?.

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6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: steps

Steps : Aula Bunker is one of the most disruptive elements in the neighborhood. This citadel is totally walled and block for people to use. Moreover, since few years it became abandoned, but still belongs to Ministry of Justice.

Development

dello

Ponte

Sviluppo

Attrac ting Future Development

Inspired by the nomocratic planning and Dutch approach of designing new urban planning projects, the idea is to attract private investment for buying the plot and its further development, let it free to use for new owner in the way that he decided. But in order to avoid unwanted scenarios of development, we designed the number of guidelines which create the framework for further use of the land plot.

1. provide guidelines

4. develop the plot

Furthermore, we designed specific preferable proposal, which follows the guidelines, accumulates mix uses which can be used for habitats as well.

2. make proposal

3. sell the plot

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6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: steps

Steps - Actions: 1- Provide guidlines

2- Make proposal

3- Sell the plot

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6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: guidelines

Guidelines: Connect the roads

Following this guideline developer should create connection between todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dead ends in order to improve permeability, safety, vitality and functional efficiency of the streets. New connection should be available without exclusions.

Link the greenery

The green loop (see Ponte della Natura) goes through the Aula Bunker plot. Developer should respect proposed continuity of green infrastructure, and provide some connection to it in his plot. It can be trees, grass, public space with other greenery, etc. Nevertheless it is not necessary to provide these new green spaces to the public, but they should be visible in order to keep at least visual continuity of natural infrastructure.

Create interactive ground floor

Provide new public spaces

New development of Aula Bunker plot should become a great benefit for Ponte Lambro citizens as well. According to the guideline developer should create new public spaces for people. It could be number of small squares and green spots or one big plaza, but the sum of them should cover at least 20% of the plot. Presence of nature in these public spaces can also fulfill the second guideline and make the project more efficient.

This guideline was designed in order to encourage investor to provide more attractive spaces for the citizens. This is necessary for further integration of new development into existing neighborhood. Developer should organize ground floor of the main building (Aula Bunker or new one instead of it) as interactive space for citizens, for example commercial space. They would be used by people, investor will have a profit. All in positive.

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Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: proposal & selling

Interactive area Open area Residential area Offices

Our proposal for the plot is to keep the Aula Bunker as an inherent symbol of the neighborhood, but to change its reputation, open to the people and use as the place with high concentration of opportunities and activities. The idea is reconstruct inner space of Aula Bunker, make additional tower, construct 3 more 5-floor buildings instead of those which stands on the plot near Bunker. The project is filled by fine-grained mix use such as extension of startup hub spaces, offices, residences, commerce on the ground floor etc. As the result, place becomes attractive for people, with use of finegrained functional structure we are reaching the use of the place during the whole day. With support of startup hub, developer can reduce spending by providing the spaces for young entrepreneurs. Residences, proposed in the tower are going to be rent for competitive price by entrepreneurs and workers, which has direct relation to the startup hub. On the other hand, residential spaces on the additional buildings are going to be sell in the market. With use of our proposal, support from Laboratorio di Quartiere actors and developed business plan we hope to encourage developer to implement proposed variant. Nevertheless, the proposal is not necessarily to be followed.

According to the project there is a lot of transformations in Ponte Lambro should be made by the government. All of them are economic non feasible. Getting the profit from selling the plot can balance the whole project in terms of economic feasibility for the government. Additionally, it is a great opportunity to attract investors and to let the â&#x20AC;&#x153;invisible handâ&#x20AC;? of the market to organize this place as it is more appropriate for the market.

Urban Policies esign Studio

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Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: implementation Before

After

Aula Bunker today – is a disruptive abandoned citadel beside the schools. From one point it is a big problem and source of bad reputation, but from the other hand it is a great opportunity for the Ponte Lambro’s future as well as its citizens.

We expect that our proposal, which can be strongly supported by business-plan, actors involved in Laboratorio di Quartiere and government, would be flexible and market- friendly enough to be chosen by developer.

Creating the framework of development, designing the proposal, selling and finally “letting it happened” we hope to change the situation of this place and create a new landmark for the neighborhood.

As the final outcome, we expect to get the new landmark of the neighborhood, which is active during the whole day because of its functional diversity, which provides new opportunities and working facilities for the people and accumulates some commercial attractors for citizens. Urban Policies esign Studio

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Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

6.2.III Ponte dello Sviluppo: Aula Bunker: actors Collaboration

Guidelines

Money

73 Construction

Implementation

Duties

Actors

Investors

Architects & Planners

Citizens

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Ministry of Justice, Citta Metropolitana di Milano, Comune di Milano

Gov. Authorities

Benefits Livable Spaces

Safe Place

Possible Future Expansion

Business Opportunities

Indirect Benefits

Urban Policies esign Studio

Money roup No.

Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

Urban Policies esign Studio

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Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: concept

via degli Umiliati

Via degli Umiliati, whose maintenance is currently in state of general decay and chaos, is the second area considered. The area is seen as an opportunity to regenerate the neighborhood and to give it a better image, making it more livable and more pleasant to cross.

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6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: steps

Steps :

della

Ponte

CittĂ

City Innovating Milan Southwest

The main idea of Ponte della CittĂ is to provide people with suitable tools and encourge them to participate in the planning process even in a small scale at the beginning. The idea starts from marking flexible zones that can be used for lounging, planting, outdoor cafes, or for car parking and influnce people to discuss the most suitable function of each zone. Then, when people start to be active in urban spaces, our role will be guiding and technically supporting them to improve the quality of built environment by coloring buildings facades and sharing the combining and sharing the semi-private spaces together. These steps will reduce gradually the social gap between the citizens and create a collaborative community works as a suitable environment for innovating new bottom-up ideas to improve the urban spaces quality in a very sufficient and cheap actions.

1. provide safe zone

4. form selforganizing community

2. create permeable area

3. build attractive space

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6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: steps

Steps - Actions: 1- Provide safe zones mark flexible zones

mark pedestrian paths

2- Make area permeable

Motorway + Parking Pedestrian path Outdoor cafe Lounging area Planting area

open horizontal lines

4- Form Self-organizing community

3- Build attractive space add pavements

open semi-private spaces

add trees and street furnitures

color buildings facades

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6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: masterplan Section A-A

Private Area

Motorway

Pedestrian

horizontal connection to improve permeability

Private Area

Before

Section B-B

small sideway to save pedestrians from cars Motorway

Private Area

Section C-C

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Pedestrian Private Area

Motorway

outdoor cafe area where bars exist Pedestrian

Private Area

Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

Private Area

Pedestrian

Flex. Zone

Motorway

Flex. Zone

Pedestrian

Private Area

Pedestrian Private Area

Motorway

Pedestrian Flex. Zone

Private Area

Pedestrian Private Area

Motorway

Flex. Zone

Pedestrian

Private Area

After Before After

Urban Policies esign Studio roup No. Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: participation tool How to involve people? ZO!City

Interactive urban dashboard where people of Amsterdam can participate and lead the transformation processes of Amstel3 area. The dashboard is the pilot for the innovative TransformCityÂŽ technology which taregets to reform the planning process to bottom-up practice instead of top-down and empower people to build a local community by a self-organise efforts. The platform goals: Imagine the future Crowdfund capital Involve everyone Save time Access knowledge Trigger positive attitude

Ponte della Citta A proposed platform simulates how Zo!City dashboard works to allow people of Ponte Lambro, Area B at the beginning, to collaborate, share ideas, participate in the planning process and even evaluate the ideas and solutions in the neighborhood. The idea of using this platform is not only to strengthen the affiliation of the citizens to the neighborhood but also to break the social borders between different population groups by encouraging them to discuss and share the proposals of the urban spaces together. The platform should be implemented at the last step under the supervision of Contractti di Quarttiere by collaborating with Ponte Lap. to ensure the continuity of the proposal. Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.IV Ponte della CittĂ : via degli Umiliati: actors Volunteering

Money

Maintenance

Collaboration

Bureaucracy

Implementation

Duties

Citizens

Elders

Live in the Neighborhood

Owners

Youth

Monzino C. Center

Living outside the neighborhood

Community Initiators Centro Giovani, Centro di Ascolto, Tavolo Minori

Citta Metropolitana di Milano, Comune di Milano

Actors

ALER Milano Contratti di Quartiere

Gov. Authorities

Benefits Livable Spaces

Safe Place

Self-satisfaction

Good Reputation

Indirect Benefits

Urban Policies esign Studio

Increasing of Land Value roup No.

Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: concept

River Lambro

River Lambro is the third place taken into account for the implementation of the design strategies. The area in fact, it currently appears degraded and left to itself, with uncultivated vegetation and widespread pollution. The objective is to regenerate the place by introducing new vegetation, cycle and pedestrian routes and new activities of leisure for the inhabitants of the neighbourhood and of the surrounding areas. The concept behind this project is to give more livability, exploiting the natural resources today left in the background

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: steps

Nature

della

Ponte

Natura

Steps :

Steps - Actions: 1. bring people

Bringing Back the Environment

River Lambro is an important feature of the neighborhood, but the green area along it is not used by habitats, they absolutely forgot about the presence of the water in their area. The main idea is to bring the river back to the people by creating attractive and nice space for relax, sport and pleasure. Starting from small interventions and going to more big, space can gradually integrate into Ponte Lambro and become a lovely place for itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s citizens.

mark pedestrian path

1. bring people

4. improve quality

2. make livable

3. bring commerce mark cycling path

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3. bring commerce

2. make livable

4. improve quality

Add commercial trucks

create activities area

create playgrounds for children

construct light pavilions

change the pavement

add more palygrounds

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: masterplan

Activity area

The masterplan represents the final image that derives from the sequential realization of the steps described above.

Cycling path & parking Commercial pavilions

Lounging area & playground Pedestrian path

The will is to exploit the river Lambro and its riverbank, currently in a state of decay and neglect, making the area attractive and more livable for the neighborhood and its citizens. To do this, we have thought about the introduction of new and more vegetation, small commercial activities, cycle and pedestrian paths. The main aim is to make the area a new meeting point and polarity for the neighborhood. According to this, the space is divided into a multiplicity of areas and places each used for different activities, in order to give life to a functional mixitĂŠ. - Equipped spaces for playground activities of children and adolescents - Dog areas, designed to increase the number of dogcrawling areas currently lacking. - Relax areas, designed to increase the usability of recreational public spaces with the creation of works that enhance their use and safety. - Areas for sport, located in open areas to facilitate access to motor skills for people of all the ages. These are spaces including soccer fields, basketball courts and green areas used as training areas. All areas and spaces are connected through internal routes to be implemented. All routes will be realized in order to satisfy the immediate accessibility to the whole structure.

Green park Urban Policies esign Studio

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: visualization Before

After

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: green loop

After considering the large amount of green areas and vegetation located inside the neighborhood, including, in particular, the presence of a large agricultural area that surrounds the west quarter and the lush vegetation that flanks together with the river Lambro and the presence of two public parks to the north and internally to the area. The design concept is therefore to create a physical connection between these areas, enriching it with pedestrian and cycle paths so as to make the area more livable and in harmony with the nature currently not properly valued. Green Loop Inspired by the Garden City, the green loop will connect all the green parks and agricultural area together to create a brandnew space for habitats. Going through different types of landscape (river, agriculture, urban, parks), the loop provides new experience for users.

Isolated Green Spaces The neighborhood is sorrounded by three green parks along with agricultural area; one along river Lambro, one in the northern part, and one close to Aula Bunker. All green spaces are isolated from each others. Unconnected Metro Stations Although he neighborhood is near two metro stations, one is San Donato Milanese which is a part of yellow line M3, and the other is Forlanini which is a part of under-construction blue line M4, it is not connected phisically to any of them.

Cycle-connected Metro Stations The proposed cycling path to conncet the neighborhood with the two stations to increase the accessiblity to the area. Facilitating these connections will encourge people to use cycling & public transportation more than car to access the n e i g h b o r h o o d.

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6.2.V Ponte della Natura: River Lambro: actors Volunteering

Money

Maintenance

Gov. Authorities

Small Businesses

89 Collaboration

Tax & Services

Implementation

Youth

Elders

Citizens

Community Initiators Centro Giovani, Centro di Ascolto, Tavolo Minori

RE-Lambro Actors Legambiente, Parco MediaValleLambro, Fondazione Cariplo

Commercial Trucks & Commercial Pavilions

Actors

Citta Metropolitana di Milano, Comune di Milano

Duties

Benefits Livable Spaces

Safe Place

Self-satisfaction

Good Reputation

Indirect Benefits

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Business Opportunities roup No.

Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

Urban Policies esign Studio

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Feasibility 7.1 Technical feasibility: I. Opportunity: Regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Potential II. Livability: Sociotopic Mapping

7.2 Political feasibility:

I. Actors; duties and benefits II. Actors; power and interest

7.2 Economic feasibility:

I. Economic Dynamic II. Aula Bunker: assumptions II. Aula Bunker: business plan

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7.1.I Technical feasibility: Opportunity; Region's Potential To start evaluating the Opportunity strategy, we followed a blog in Business Journalism website describing how to evaluate the Region’s Potential as a Tech Hub. The blog outlines five elements that are key to attracting startups and innovative industries, and become the next Silicon Valley in the United States. These five elements are ..

Cost of housing

Healthy infrastructure

Low taxes

VC community

Young and educated population

VC community

Cost of housing and quality of life €

Rent Price per m2 per month

Within the startup ecosystem of Milan, investors fuel the startup ecosystem not only by investing money but also with the investment of time, contacts, education and skills. Their contribution and importance are The average rent price in Ponte Lambro and surround- not just limited to money. (Startup Business website) ings is considered very low In comparison with Milan With many numbers of investors in Milan, finding redifferent areas. sources for startups will not be a problem.

Healthy infrastructure The cycle-connected two metro stations along with highway A51 ensure the accessibility to the area by cars & public transportation. Also, the location near the airport increases accessibility not only for locals but also for internationals.

A young and educated population A

Involving universities and the surroundings technical schools ensure the existing of a young and educated population not only for the starting point but also for the long term.

Low taxes Region’s Potential as a Tech Hub elements The reporter suggests different tools for each element, but these tools could be used only for the American cities. So, we will try to find alternative tools to indicate each element to measure the ability of Ponte Lambro neighborhood to attract startups and developments in order to increase different types of opportunities.

It Italy in general, start-ups can profit by many benefits for five years: Exemption from adminstrative fees Streamlined, free-of-charge access to public guarantees by 80% on bank loans amounting up to 2.5 million Euros. Robust tax incentives by up to 27% up to 1.8 million Euros

According to these five elements; Milan, in general, can be considered as an attractive region for startups because of the special benefits, tax incentives and the availability to find resources (money, experience, skills). Ponte Lambro neighborhood in specific can be considered as an attractive also because of the healthy and well-connected infrastructure along with the low cost of housing in the area. All these elements along with the existing of young and educated youth are key elements to start a new Italian Silicon Valley in Ponte Lambro.

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8 7.1.II . 2 L ivTechnical ab ility: S ociotopic M apping feasibility: Livability; Sociotopic Mapping

ACTIVE IN NATURE

PASSIVE IN NATURE

Inspired by the developed mapping system by the city of Stockholm in 2002 (by Alexander Stahle) to measure the social value of green spaces according to several variables (For whom?, For what?, Where?), the masterplan provi des diverse spaces for differnt type of activities to allow all people to find suitable places to do what they like and what they want.

ACTIVE URBAN

GREEN LOOP AND AGRICULTURAL AREA

94 GREEN LOOP AND RIVER LAMBRO

VIA DEGLI UMILIATI

VIA UCELLI DI NEMI

PASSIVE URBAN

ACTIVE

VIA VITTORINI

cultivating Photography Animal farming

NATURE Flower and water contact Sitting in the sun Sleeping Mediation Yoga

Shopping Pic-nics Running Skating Cycling Sports

Playground

URBAN

Eating

Public life Worshiping Events Reading

Drinking

AULA BUNKER

Working

PASSIVE Urban Policies esign Studio

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Ponte Lambro Neig bor ood

7.2.I Political feasibility: Actors; duties and benefits Actor Government: (International, National, Regional, Local)

Outside Interest: (Companies, Universities, Other Hubs, Developers) Inside Interest: (Activists, Citizens, Monzino Center)

Private (Owners )

Project

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Via Degli Umiliati

Duties

Benefits

Time

Livable & Safe Spaces

Events & Marketing

Good Reputation & Selfsatisfaction

Space & Equipment

Indirect Benefits

Educating & Support

Connections & Supports

Construction & Implementation

Ideas

Money

Opportunities: Jobs or Businesses

River Lambro

Aula Bunker

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7.2.II Political feasibility: Actors; power and interest Gov. Authorities

POWER

Gov. Authorities

Private Investor

ALER Milano

Opportunity

Universities Gov. Org.and NGO.

Companies

Citizens

Monzino C. Center

Community Initiators

Other Hubs

POWER

Gov. Authorities

Owners

INTEREST

Aula Bunker POWER

INTEREST

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Citizens

ALER Milano

Gov. Authorities RE Lambro Actors

Livability

Citizens Citizens

Community Initiators Community Initiators

Monzino C. Center

via degli Umiliati

Small Businesses INTEREST

River Lambro

In order to analyze the political feasibility of the project proposal, we have taken into account the possible actors involved for each design area, placing in a graph that puts them in relation to the interest expressed for the proposal and their power at stake. As visible from the various graphs, among the many actors involved, the one with more political power and decision-making about it are undoubtedly the government authorities, while great interest is attributed to the inhabitants of the neighborhood, who are strongly Involved in the process of improving the area in which they live. Another actor involved in two different areas, such as neighborhood laboratory and via degli Umiliati, is the Monzino Cardiological Centre which presents itself as a possible important actor for the regeneration of the neighborhood since it affects its own image; moreover, in this regard, as reported by the interviews on the site the Cardiological Centre appears to be offering itself for the definition and realization of events. Actors related to environmental issues, such as pollution, are involved in the area linked to River Lambro.

INTEREST Urban Policies esign Studio

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TIME

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Aula Bunker

4th step

3rd step

2nd step

1st step

TIME

via degli Umiliati

Economic unfeasibile

TIME

River Lambro

Laboratorio di Quartiere

Aula Bunker

via degli Umiliati

River Lambro

Laboratorio di Quartiere According to the graph the startup hub will start to bring a profit after the 4th step implementation that’s why we can consider it as the feasible in long-term. Furthermore, the biggest spending is laying on the Universities, which are managing this hub. Nevertheless, it is important to mention that profit is directly linked to the success of the startups, that’s why it is difficult to measure and predict economic outcome, too many “black swans” can happen.

Aula Bunker Is the most profitable one. For government, which just sells the plot and escape the next managing costs, but also for developer, who based on our proposal’s business plan can start to have profitable place after 3 years. As a result, we can say that Aula Bunker is economic feasible and even more, helps to balance the whole Ponte Lambro’s project interventions.

Economic feasibile

MONEY

4th step

3rd step

2nd step

1st step

MONEY

Economic feasibile in long-term

10 years

8 years

4 years

3 years

MONEY

4th step

3rd step

2nd step

1st step

MONEY

7.3.II Economic feasibility: economic dynamic

Economic unfeasibile

Via Degli Umiliati Considered as economic unfeasible. All the steps are mostly based on government funding and orient on improvement the quality of life. But nevertheless street can become an attractive place for small commerce in the ground floor. So again, according to Holcombe “invisible hand of the market” can trigger the commerce to come. As the result, through taxation of the commerce here, the spending on the keeping and managing the street could be reduced or even covered. via degli Umiliati River Lambro Laboratorio Considered as economic unfeasible as well. 4th di Quartiere steps are based on economic support from the government, but the park opens new commercial Aula Bunker facilities for business. The same as via Degli Umiliati, business can be the main source of profit for government to cover the spending for River Lambro implementation and further management of the Urban Policies esign Studio

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7.3.II Economic feasibility: Aula Bunker: assumptions

98 Costs:

Costof land plot: 11,106,340 € Construction cost: 14,790,000 € Management Cost: 7,105,560 €

Revenues:

Sales proceedings: 51,300,000 € Rents: 20,301,600 € According to our calculations, proposed Aula Bunker development will be profitable for government, which is just selling the plot. But it would be also profitable for private developer, which will transform the area. We divided our proposal into 3 general functional zones: residential, offices and retail. Some of the residences will be sold by market price and others are supposed to be rent during 10 years as well as offices and retail. After 10 years all the spaces will be sold to maximize the profit. The numbers, such as market prices for plot, offices rent, taxation, rate of debt, etc. were considered based on the closest analogy (the same functional distribution, also in Milan) and the prices for sq.m. on the appropriate real estate selling websites: casa. it and immobiliare.it.

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7.3.III Economic feasibility: Aula Bunker: business plan

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Conclusion 8.1 Conclusion: masterplan 8.2 Conclusion: branding

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8.1 Conclusion: masterplan

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PONTI BRIDGES OPPORTUNITY

TOWORK

TOINVEST

LIVABILITY

TOLIVE

TOENJOY

The general masterplan shows the possible outcome of the application of the two main design strategies that will be applied to the neighborhood: opportunity and livability. The general result appears as a solution to all those material and immaterial problems, both on the macroscale and microscale, that emerged during the analysis phase of the current situation in the area. To work, to invest, to live and to enjoy are the main goals the project will achieve. The strategies in fact, working in synergy, aim to create a new structure for the neighborhood which improves the quality of the built environment, improves the opportunity to get a job, gives the opportunity to lead a better lifestyle in the area and, last but not least, improves the reputation of Ponte Lambro in relation to the whole city of Milan. Furthermore, through the creation of new polarities within the neighborhood we hope to foster more interaction in order to reach better integration and cohesion between different social groups. We expect that Ponte Lambro will become an inherent part of the city thanks to the Bridges (Ponti) that will connect the peripheral area, bringing it back to front. Urban Policies esign Studio

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8.2 Conclusion: branding

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In order to involve the people in the process of participation, we thought about the realization of t-shirts and objects as the ones shown in the pictures, that could make feel to the citizens the sense of belonging to their neighborhood. Participation in fact, is an essential tool in the process making development. The sense of belonging to the place is a first step towards improving it; The sense of belonging develops when a correspondence is established between retaining oneself belonging to a group and retaining the group belonging to itself.

Because of this, the sense of being useful and having a purpose, if positive, can be a real engine of productivity. To feel committed, the citizen must feel that his opinion is important, and that whatever the hierarchical level, he can participate in the general improvement of his neighborhood. Currently the citizens of Ponte Lambro, according to the interviews conducted on the site, despite the bad reputation that is attributed to the neighborhood by an external point of view, appear as proud of the place in which they live and this is strength for improvement. Finally, advertising made through the diffusion of the Pontiâ&#x201D;&#x201A;Bridges logo can also be an interesting attraction within the area for investors. Urban Policies esign Studio

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Case Studies & References 9.1 Case studies 9.2 References

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10.1 Caseent studies: Oosterwold Almere Bunker) D ev elopm s trategy for A lm ere project, O os terw old (for A (for u la Aula B u nk er) MVRDV‘s proposal for an urban development in Almere Oosterworld, the Netherlands, is a template for a D.I.Y. project that puts power into the hands of neighborhoods and communities. This development strategy is bottom-up, inclusive and very intuitive to the needs of individuals and their communities. It allows the design to develop organically and over a stretch of time as needs change and neighborhoods grow. MVRDV writes that the proposal “is a revolution in Dutch urban planning as it steps away from governmental dictate and invites organic urban growth in which initiatives are stimulated and inhabitants can create their own neighbourhoods including public green, urban agriculture and roads”. The project is open ended, but the 43 square kilometer site is anticipated to include 15,000 dwellings, provide 26,000 jobs, allot 135-ha to businesses and 200,000-m2 to offices, provide facilities, and create 400-ha of new landscape. The coverage of the site realies upon private initiatives and is completely open-ended. A completion date is not set and this could mean that this project is a never-ending cycle of building and cannibalizing architecture as needs change, which is already an organic process in the built environment. The approach is also a critique of the Netherlands’ urban planning strategies, which MVRDV writes, “gets too perfect and hence predictable”. The new Town Almere, of which Almere Oosterworld will be a part, was designed in a similar fashion, allowing individuals to build their own homes.

109

In this instance, MVRDV is the organizer, but private initiative is the driver. The town of Almere envisions the extensive farmland to begin integrating elements of the built environment in innovative ways that preserve the landscape and allow both to thrive. A combination of programs and building typologies will be necessary, but will likely evolve organically. The designations that have been established to guide the development are designed to promote differentiation and preserve the landscape. 50% of the site has been designated for urban farming to provide specialized food production for the city. As individuals begin to realize their designs they will also be held responsible for the components that make their share of the land livable: the piece of road, energy, sanitation, rubbish collection, public green and urban farming. General programming of the site will also be kept at 18% construction, 8% roads, 13 % public green, 2% water and 59% urban agriculture. The planning has allotted the rest of the space for collective initiatives that will help create a strong sense of community and character of the town. Programs such as golf courses, plantations, and collective villages are foreseen in the development strategy. This guide or template for mixed use development was designed for the Almere 2030 Structure Vision. With an anticipated growth of inhabitants to 100,000 and workplaces to 60,000, the government along with MVDRV envisioned a design strategy that would sponsor the organic growth of villages where the government transitions its role from “directing to facilitating”.

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10.1 Superkilen S u persCase k ilenstudies: P roj ect (for R iv er L amproject, b ro) Copenhagen (for River Lambro) Superkilen is a public park in the NĂ¸rrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Designed by the arts group Superflex with the collaboration of Bjarke Ingels Group and Topotek1, a German landscape architecture firm, the park was officially opened in June 2012. The project is part of an urban improvement plan coordinated by the City of Copenhagen in a partnership with Realdania. The objective is to upgrade the NĂ¸rrebro neighbourhood to a high standard of urban development liable to inspire other cities and districts. The park is intended to celebrate diversity. Filled with objects from around the globe, it is designed as a kind of world exposition for the local inhabitants, covering over 60 nationalities, who have been able to contribute their own ideas and artefacts to the project. Stretching some 750 metres (2,460 ft) along either side of a public cycle track and covering a total area of some 30,000 square metres (320,000 sq ft), Superkilen is made up of three main areas: a red square, a black market and a green park. While the red square, painted bright red, orange and pink, focuses on recreation and modern living, the black market at the centre is the classic square with a fountain where neighbours can meet, with its barbecue grills and palm trees from China. The green park, literally entirely green, has rolling hills, trees and plants suitable for picnics, sports and dog-walking.

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It is a world exhibition of furniture and everyday objects from all over the world, including benches, lampposts, trash cans and plants â&#x20AC;&#x201C; requisites that every contemporary park should include and that the future visitors of the park have helped to select. Superkilen reattributes motifs from garden history. In the garden, the translocation of an ideal, the reproduction of another place, such as a far off landscape, is a common theme through time. As the Chinese reference the mountain ranges with the miniature rocks, the Japanese the ocean with their rippled gravel, or how the Greek ruins are showcased as replicas in the English gardens. Superkilen is a contemporary, urban version of a universal garden. To create better and more transparent infrastructure throughout the neighborhood, the current bike paths will be reorganized, new connections linking to the surrounding neighborhoods are created, with emphasis on the connection to Mimersgade, where citizens have expressed desire for a bus passage. This transition concerns the whole traffic in the area at outer Norrebro and is a part of a greater infrastructure plan. Alternatives to the bus passage include signals, an extended middle lane or speed bumps.

Many of the objects in the park have been specially imported or copied from foreign designs.

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10.1 Case Green R iv erstudies: P roj ect Green (for theRiver Greenproject, L oop) Milan (for the Green Loop) Green River is a urban reforestation project that Stefano Boeri Architetti, together with a multidisciplinary team proposes in response to the “Scali Milano” consultation: a public consultation announced by FS Sistemi Urbani to develop five visions on the future of Milan’s abandoned railway yards. “Green River aims to transform the 90% of the seven rail yards into a network of uninterrupted parks, gardens, woods, oasis and fruit gardens for communal uses – linked together by green cycle paths realized on rail trail lines”, Boeri says, and adds: “the remaining 10% could be employed to build high density urban areas that will host all those facilities Milan’s districts now lack of: especially young professional housings and student hotels, but also cultural services and people support areas (libraries, clinics, kindergartens), social and market housing”. An organized system consisting of public places, architectures and green Metropolitan Towers, characterized by massive ways to inhabit areas and interlace functions. Green River will run through Milan in a circular path, halfway from the late 19th century urban enlargements, the Corpi Santi and the early 20th century peripheral areas; it will also include an urban mobility ring (MM6 on surface) and an underground structure profiting from geothermal energy from the stratum water. The abandoned railway yards conversion will represent one of the greatest urban requalification and rehabilitation projects of the next few years in Europe. A unique opportunity to rethink Milan, combining urban development with uninterrupted green facilities accessible to all, that improve air quality and ensure protection of urban biodiversity.

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It’s been estimated that in one year Green River will absorb 50 thousand ton of carbon dioxide, produce 2 thousand ton of oxygen and cut down 300 ton of pollutant. From an energy point of view, the diffuse green system will translate into a 30 GWH/year reduction in energy consumption, thanks to the cooling action of green areas on urban surfaces. Moreover, the geothermal system, which uses the stratum water underneath the Green River, will produce 400,000 MWH/year of green energy. 1 million and a hundred thousand square meters of parks, hills and gardens: those are the numbers of an uninterrupted green system that will replace the abandoned Farini, Porta Genova, Porta Romana, Rogoredo, Greco-Breda, Lambrate and S. Cristoforo railway yards. Each rail yard has its own scenery, imagined by Stefano Boeri Architetti. Adjacent to the new parks, in order to guarantee a constant control – and relieve the town from green maintenance costs – there will be a network of many common use functions that are today missing: from the Cittadella to the new Brera Academy branch, from the Mosque to the Botanic Research Centre, from the Recycle Centre to the new EMA building (European Medicines Agency). Green River is a great national and European project, sustainable after a careful cost valuation, that deserves to be lead by a Development Agency where – with a transparent system of open contests and public participation – public institutions guide Italian and International private operators willing to invest in Milan’s future. Thanks to Green River, the biodiversity of cultures and living species could become the new great challenge for a city that opens itself to the youth from all over the world. Urban Policies esign Studio

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10.1 Case Nordhavn (forA rea theB Green Loop and Area B) N ordhav n P studies: roj ect (for the Greenproject L oop and ) The development of Nordhavnen is carried out by CPH City and Port Development in collaboration with the City of Copenhagen and a number of consultants. Nordhavnen is probably the most extensive and most ambitious metropolis development project in Scandinavia in the years to come. With its location only four kilometres from the city centre of Copenhagen and its easy access to the city’s infrastructure, Nordhavnen is likely to become a unique city district in Copenhagen. The new district will be developed over the next forty to fifty years. When fully developed, the site will feature buildings with a total floor area of up to four million square metres, providing living space for 40,000 inhabitants and workspace for another 40,000 inhabitants. Located on the Øresund coast, the district will offer direct access to the sea, as well as a multitude of recreational urban spaces and public facilities. Nordhavnen will be a district of small islets close to the waterfront and a a diverse, mixed city with room for everyone. As an urban development project, Nordhavnen spearheads efforts to improve climate conditions and show how cities can help reverse climate change without losing out on quality of life, welfare and democracy. Nordhavnen has exceptional landscape qualities that provide potential for conversion into fantastic recreational facilities. The water in and around the harbour provides unique experiences in terms of the views of Øresund and the possibility of close contact with the water.

This enormous potential must be used in the new district. The natural landscape at the northern end of the harbour is a large-scale landscape space characterised by open areas with self-grown shrubs. Two main features of the project: THE GREEN LOOP: The green loop is the highly unifying and identity-creating element in Nordhavnen. The loop has multiple purposes and works on several scales. As a figure, the loop connects the various neighbourhoods in Nordhavnen with each other and with the rest of Copenhagen. The green loop contains the public transport systems at Nordhavnen: an elevated Metro line or some other high-class type ofpublic transport. In addition, there will be a ‘super bicycle path’ in the green loop that will enable cyclists to get to their destinations quickly and efficiently. Up to two-thirds of all people going in or out of the city district in the future will move along the green loop; Education, sports, trade and cultural facilities are vital to the urban structure and will help make urban life better. They will be located at places of intersection with the loop, where there is easy access and many people passing. The green loop will thus also be a lively urban space with a multitude of different urban functions.

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The Green Loop

Flexible zones

FLEXIBLE ZONES: Flexible zones are marked areas in the streetscape that can be used for lounging, outdoor cafés and restaurants, planting or car and bicycle parking. The zones may be located alternately on the two sides of the streets, thus causing a natural slow-down of traffic, or they may be laid out linearly to allow attractive views of water or green urban spaces.

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10.1 Case City (for the general concept) Garden Citystudies: (for the Garden general concept) The garden city movement is a method of urban planning in which self-contained communities are surrounded by "greenbelts", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. The idea of the "garden City" originated because of the population increase in urban centres, which had created a strong degradation to cities with consequent inconvenience during the mid-nineteenth century. At that time, the growing development of industries did not reconcile with the life of man.

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public parks and six radial boulevards, 120 ft (37 m) wide, extending from the centre. The garden city would be self-sufficient and when it reached full population, another garden city would be developed nearby. Howard envisaged a cluster of several garden cities as satellites of a central city of 58,000 people, linked by road and rail.

The idea was revived and developed in 1898 by Ebenezer Howard who had, as the main objective, to save the city from congestion and the campaign from abandonment. The aim was to reach two advantages at the same time: the comforts and comforts of urban life and the healthy and genuine aspects of country life. The design of this new type of city had to take into account all aspects of human life, respecting the individual's primary needs. It was then thought to housing nuclei formed by single-family residences, surrounded by greenery, connected to each other, with services, shops, theatre, church, productive zones and administrative areas, in order to make these centres completely self-sufficient. Inspired by the utopian novel Looking Backward and Henry George's work Progress and Poverty, Howard published the book â&#x20AC;&#x153;To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reformâ&#x20AC;? in 1898 (which was reissued in 1902 as Garden Cities of To-morrow). His idealised garden city would house 32,000 people on a site of 6,000 acres (2,400 ha), planned on a concentric pattern with open spaces,

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9.2 References:

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RELambro Publication: Antonio Longo, Daniela Masotti, Alessandro Giacomel, RELAMBRO Il fiume nuova infrastruttura ecologica della metropoli milanese, Milan, March 2016 Parco Urbano, Il verde a Ponte Lambro Thesis: Elisabetta Rossi, Politecnico di Milano & Politecnico di Torino, Parco Urbano, Il verde a Ponte Lambro, Milan, 2012-2013 L’efficacia dei Contratti di Quartuere II: il caso del progetto “Muovere Ponte Lambro” Thesis: Chiara Gornati, Politecnico di Milano, L’efficacia dei Contratti di Quartuere II: il caso del progetto “Muovere Ponte Lambro” , Milan, 2013-2014 PGT: Allegato 3 LE 88 Schede NIL Publication: Comune di Milano, PGT Piano di Governo del Territorio, Piano dei Servizi, Allegato 3, LE 88 Schede NIL, Milan, April 2017 Ponte Lab Publication: Comune di Milano, Ponte Lab call for proposals publication, Milan, April 2017 A Neighbourhood Laboratory Arcticle: Claudio Calvaresi & Linda Cossa, A Neighbourhood Laboratory for the Regeneration of a Marginalised Suburb in Milan: Towards the Creation of a Trading Zone, Milan, April 2017 Milano Metropoli Reale, Metropoli Possibile Publication: Metropolitano Milanese, Milano Metropoli Reale, Metropoli Possibile, Piano strategico triennale del territorio metropolitano, Milan, March 2016 Comune di Milano Official Website: http://www.comune.milano.it Experimenting in urban self-organization Article: Cozzolino S., Buitellar E., Moroni S., Sorel N. , Experimenting in urban self-organization. Framework-rules and emerging orders in Almere-Oosterwold (Almere, The Netherlands), Milan, May 2017 Region’s Potential Evaluation Website: http://businessjournalism.org/2016/09/evaluate-regions-potential-tech-hub/ Harmalanranta Masterplan Publication: Skanska and Tengbom Architects, Harmalanranta Masterplan, Sep. 2012 Un Ponte a colori Book: Linda Cossa & Claudio Calvaresi, Un Ponte a colori, Accompagnare la rigenerazione di un quartiere della periferia milanese, Milan, Nov. 2011 “Il rammendo delle periferie” Article: Renzo Piano, Il rammendo delle periferie article at Il Sole 24 Ore, Milan, 2014 Muovere Ponte Lambro Publication: Comune di Milano, Politecnico di Milano, Muovere Ponte Lambro, Milan, 2004 Startup Business Website: https://www.startupbusiness.it Urban Policies esign Studio

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