How much will air conditioning pay me? Carrier Corporation 1935 Print pamphlet 18� x 18� Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 123365 0101 Historical Records
By the 1930s’s, the Carrier Corporation had established itself as the leading manufacturer of process cooling. Although air conditioning was relative new, Carrier saw a business prospect in the office buildings of the very factories they were installing their centrifugal chiller. It is in this context that Carrier had to offer specific reasoning behind the installation of air conditioning in the office space. “When you start wondering what to do to keep your building from slipping into high vacancies and lowered rental – think about the many benefits of AIR CONDITIONING BY CARRIER” This advertising angle is promoting Carrier’s product as an investment rather than a commodity. The showcasing of a variety range of buildings that had already had the Carrier Equipment installed can begin to introduce the range of building sizes and shapes that could sustain the technology in its primitive days. These early installations will be comparable to the emergence of new forms allowable because of air conditioning, along with other innovations and developments unforeseen by Carrier.
Every Tenant is a King
Carrier Corporation 1950 Print pamphlet 8.5” x 11” Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 92676 Historical Records
This pamphlet reduces any excuse for workers to not to produce, which includes illnesses, breaks, noise etc. It sells air conditioning as a built interior environment within an office building that only has room for efficiency and speed. With the rise of tall office buildings as information processing center, efficiency means money. Regardless if these claims are true or not or even necessary to argue for, their manifestation begins to question the managers as well as employees current practices or efficiency forcing them to reevaluate, proving the effectiveness of Carrier’s marketing to creating a room for thought for the implementation of their technology.
Carrier Econograph Chart Kit
Carrier Corporation 1954 Print Folder 8.5�x11� Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 92676 Historical Records
This pamphlet reduces any excuse for workers to not to produce, which includes illnesses, breaks, noise etc. It sells air conditioning as a built interior environment within an office building that only has room for efficiency and speed. With the rise of tall office buildings as information processing center, efficiency means money. Regardless if these claims are true or not or even necessary to argue for, their manifestation begins to question the managers as well as employees current practices or efficiency forcing them to reevaluate, proving the effectiveness of Carrier’s marketing to creating a room for thought for the implementation of their technology.
A Profitable Investment for any Bank - Manufactured Weather Carrier Corporation Print pamphlet 8.5�x11� Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 92676 Historical Records
INCREASED EXECUTIVE EFFICIENCY Rarely spoken about in Carrier’s marketing strategies, which is usually centered around the efficiency of regular employees. In this case, it’s not only targeting the higher management but clearly delineates the work produced by both, the former being thought guided while the latter is focused on productivity. Carrier also sells their air conditioning equipment of the bank as part of its aesthetic value, to the ductwork of the system to air conditioning machine itself. This is a very peculiar proposal in a bank, where vaults are seen as the thing to exhibit or the symbol of the bank. The mystery of the vault and what’s inside it become overshadowed by this new technology and machines that have display value as a symbol of wealth and prestige associated initially with comfort cooling.
Facts and Methods for Carrier Dealers Carrier Corporation 1939 Print 8.5� x 11� Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 92676
This manual encourages Carrier to set up a training school to teach dealers how to sell Carrier products and goes through a step-by-step process in introducing new methods to deal with clients under specific building situations. This book begins to deconstruct the ways carrier’s selling point then has to adapt to its clients, meeting specific needs and providing specific benefits in order to sell this new technology, which may even be new to dealers as well as it continues to evolve. A training school is proposed in preparing dealers to be knowledgeable on a wide range of products that are not only new, but also technical and that demand case-by-case specification according to client, architecture, and budget. The school is also meant to set dealers to do as much of the necessary pre-contract engineering as possible, which includes heat loss calculations, and having enough understanding of the product to then select the right equipment for the job. OWNER BUILT NEW CONSTRUCTION The manual also recognizes that this class of buyer, which can be owners of tall office buildings, involves the architect, and contractor as well as the client. Construction of a new building entails there is a budget on what can be afforded and Carrier as an air conditioning company does not only compete with other companies but as to ensure that its product is a priority that must be incorporated into that budget ARCHITECTS The manual also talks about coming in favors with architects to ensure future jobs that they will be commissioned for and call the company in case of the need for heating and cooling. This Facts and Methods manual begins to surface the relationships that exist between Carrier and their representative party which are the dealers, the owners, contractors as well as architects and how to beneficially use that network to attract business, sell business and ultimately make money,
The Value of Air Conditioning in Renting Skyscraper Space Hal Chapman 1937 Print 8.5” x 11” Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 123305
This article written by Hal Chapman explains the importance of air conditioning in skyscraper rental space from the point of view from the owners and managers of the property, providing new insight of its value that is disassociated from the benefits expressed by company providing the service. Instead, he and presents other underlining issues involving not the installation or the benefits of the systems compared to other companies or buildings, but how a conservative bank made its decision to to present the world with not only the first modern building in the united states, but the full installation of an air condition system in a skyscraper. “It was therefore a very practical conservatism that recognized that the luxury of today becomes the necessity of tomorrow. “ Owners and Managers measure the success of their air conditioning system through not its quality or cost, but by its ability to increase the rent roll. Their primary concern with the system is not just in attracting tenants but maintaining them satisfied and enthusiastic about it. Not only did they provide the tenants with the benefits of air conditioned spaces and their investment values, but by informing the world of their air conditioning system by setting up a thermometer displaying and comparing the indoor and outdoor temperatures. Instead of making money by having expenses reduced, which had very little to offer tenants that was better or different that could be secured in other first class buildings, the decision to increase expenses in order to increase income through the implementation of the air conditioning system.
The PSFS Building
Philadelphia Savings Fund Society 1977 - [?] Print booklet 8.5” x 11” Syracuse University Special Collections Lescaze Papers : Box # 8
“PSFS is a key monument in the history of the modern movement; and the story of its design, offers unique insights into the cultural and economic circumstances which enables the forms of European modernism not only to be transmitted to but also transformed by the American context” Economically, the rise in tall office building construction in the first half of the 20th century and the Great Depression, forced building owners and managers to provide tenants with a service to set them apart from other office rental spaces. The forms of European modernism, in which free plans, enabled by the steel frame, further supported the installation of air conditioning in office buildings. This pamphlet gives a recollection of the building’s context in its construction and planning stages through its current conditions over thirty years later. In doing so, it provides the stance of air conditioning in the importance of the building in its later years. Most office buildings now are air conditioned, the change in value over time of the air conditioning system can be seen through the characteristics of the buildings that are now emphasized. Now, the PSFS building is not recognized widely for its air conditioning system, but as being one of the first to install it in a skyscraper. Instead, the focus is shifted primarily to the architecture and materiality of the building, which the owners anticipated when they decided to install the air conditioning system and their awareness that its “luxury” would evolve to “necessity.” That shift then marks the relevance of the air conditioning as a selling point to a background requisite for office buildings today.
A tool goes to work in Philadelphia . . . John E. Cornwell 1932 Print 8.5” x 11” Syracuse University Special Collections Lescaze Papers : Box # 8
This article emphasized the “new tool” that the PSFS Building acts as in providing businessmen with “convenient” and “useful” office space. The first two dimensions listed, location and plan deal with the owner’s choice in site for the building, and the organization of the spaces seen in the plan as controlled by the architect. The Third dimension is equipment, where the “manufactured weather” also becomes a significant part of this building to function as a tool. Air conditioning itself could encompass another dimension on its own in which office buildings are viewed, and this arguably is the new tool for the efficiency of the office space, dictated by technology and the engineers behind it rather than solely the architect or the real state. It begun to occupy this dimension and became as important as location and plan, which have always been important in the construction of any building.
Letter from PSFS to Mr. George Nelson Isaac W. Roberts 1943 Print 8.5” x 11” Syracuse University Special Collections Lescaze Papers : Box # 8
“It is only fair to add, however, that the building is air conditioned throughout which has also been of great assistance tenants.� Air conditioning provided by Carrier was one of the key factors in attracting tenants to office building, not only is the PSFS a high end office building, even its gradeur was not simply enough to attract and keep tenants and as proof this letter confirms the existing claims Carrier had made in seeling their product as an investment.
Air Conditioning the Philadelphia Saving Fund Society Building L.S. Tarleton 1932 Print 8.5� x 11� Carrier Corporation Historical Records Box : 92676
This pamphlet reduces any excuse for workers to not to produce, which includes illnesses, breaks, noise etc. It sells air conditioning as a built interior environment within an office building that only has room for efficiency and speed. With the rise of tall office buildings as information processing center, efficiency means money. Regardless if these claims are true or not or even necessary to argue for, their manifestation begins to question the managers as well as employees current practices or efficiency forcing them to reevaluate, proving the effectiveness of Carrier’s marketing to creating a room for thought for the implementation of their technology.
Nothing More Modern
J.M. Willcox Print 8.5” x 11” Syracuse University Special Collections Lescaze Papers : Box # 8
This pamphlet provides another context situated around the PSFS building and that is due to the dispersion in Philadelphia’s population due to New York City’s rise as the financial capital and people moving further away from the city, a problem that became prominent in the 20th century. In its attempt to sell the building in this context, it is described as an “ultra-modern, day lighted, air conditioned office building.” Its selling point includes air conditioning as a way to express modernity by emphasizing the fact that “The Philadelphia Savings fund Building is the only public office building on the Atlantic Seaboard to be completely air conditioned throughout” as an indicator of the comfort that is experienced inside the building as a luxury that has not yet been widely available. This in turn helps shift the building away from being old fashioned and potentially become obsolete, which was to be avoided according to the owners. Aside from advertising its air conditioned office spaces, the PSFS building is described as a “working machine” in which the total environment of the building is provided by manufactured weather for the workers, who are processing information inside the building. This fabricated environment is machine produced for workers who are then expected to produce the way machines do.
Philadelphia Saving Fund Society Building Plan Rhichard J. Seltzer Print Pamphlet 24” x 36” Syracuse University Special Collections Lescaze Papers : Box # 8
“A building thought out exclusively for its tenants; in which architecture, light and air have all been made a first consideration, in which walls obstructing light and air have been omitted and replaced by windows and ventilation� There is a strong importance on the plan of the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Building, particularly the office spaces in the upper floors intended for tenants. This emphasis is tied with the modernist use of the free plan, using columns, instead of walls to hold the weight of the building. In its claim that walls are seen as obstructers of light and air, are suddenly replaced with columns that allow for more windows. This free plan allowed the installation of the air conditioning system that was a second thought when the building was in construction. There exists an underlying emphasis on the flexibility of elements like light and air, controlled by the tenant occupying the space. Light flow is maximized by the plan of the building, which is controlled by the Venetian blinds installed. Airflow is now controlled through the use of a thermometer in each office space. The flexibility of the office, not solely its use of space but its light and air are seen as a major consideration for tenants renting office spaces.