Studio Water: Tadao Ando Joshua Christian 733315 Studio 8
Koshino House, Tadao Ando
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Table of Content
1.0 Architect Analysis 1.01 Building Analysis 1.01.1 Bonte Museum 1.01.2 Church of Light 1.02 Conclusion 2.0 Schematic Design 2.01 Site Analysis 2.02 Schematic Ideas and design 3.0 Final Design 4.0 Reflection on Final Design 5.0 Recreated Design 5.01 Schematic 5.02 Final Design 6.0 Reflection
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“I believe that the way people live can be directed a little by architecture� -Tadao Ando
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1.0 Architect Analysis Profile
Tadao Ando is a Japanese Architect, born in 13 September 1941, Minato-ku, Osaka, Japan. He is a modernist self taught architect who learned from renowned architects such as Le Corbusier, Mies Van Der Rohe, Louis Kahn, Frank Lloyd Wright, etc. He has won several prestigious awards such as International Pritzker Architecture Prize, AIA Gold Medal, Royal Gold medal, and UIA Gold Medal. Perhaps, Tadao Ando is currently sitting among the architect masters that are known all over the world.
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Repetition
Levels
Negative Space
Model
Site Plan
Circulation
Nature
Structure
Seperation and Connection
Hierarchical Experience
Elevation Void
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1.01 Building Analysis 1.01.1 Bonte Museum
Constructed in 2013. Bonte Museum, Jeju, South Korea, Ando’s ideas and style has perhaps developed throughout the year since 1980s when he first designed a building. Ando did not design the building by himself, instead, there are other architects that helped him design the museum. In this building, Ando’s approach to geometry is quite straight-forward, a 2 L-shaped buildings that hierarchical to one another. The building sits on a slope, which made Ando decided to put the buildings on 2 different elevations and 2 circulation. The circulation goes from ground floor, then to the first floor, goes back to the entrance and then goes to the second building then to the basement. A more detailed insight is taken, that the journey is more of a hierarchical and accumulating experience, which is ended by a calm ambience of the artificial lake by the cafe. Perhaps, influenced by the traditional Japanese palaces (like Katsura palace) and the Japanese Chado ritual. Ando also relates his building to nature, specifically water, and interestingly, he make a hierarchy of nature using the small pond into the building to artificialized the real experience that is obtained at the end. Ando also sets guests’ perspective, and controlled it in order for the experience to be new in each section of the building. Also, Ando incorporate Korean traditional roof to the wall, perhaps to contextualize the building and how it sits within the culture.
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Addition
Circulation, Site Plan
Difference
Nature
Repetition
Seperation and Connection
Substraction
Void
Section
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Model
1.01.2 Church of Light The church of light was built in 1989, in Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. Perhaps this building is Ando’s most prominent work. The church is located in the dense neighbourhood of Osaka, therefore, it is smaller compare to the museum. The church has an extension for sunday school in 1999. Some of the formal elements in this building exist in bonte museum, since this building was built earlier than the museum. in such a small space, Ando cleverly used 2 basic geometries tilted and angled. The most interesting part is the curve that connects on building to another, as if the form is repeated and rotated. It is an enclosed space with high wall, to provide a different, humble ambience, that is secluded from the outside world. The main hall perhaps is the most iconic style of Ando, which is a large geometrical space that has a minimum, yet striking lighting coming naturally from the crucifix form at the end of the room. This imposes both reverence, and humility for the audience to become fear of God in their worship. Circulation and other forms are quiet simple since this is a small building, which has a different typology than a large museum
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1:1000
Bonte Museum
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Church of Light
1.02 Conclusion In Conclusion of Ando’s Style, Ando Focuses on Geometrical shape of a building, in which is placed and organized in order to shape the guests’ experience and perspective. Ando always contextualize his building, in which is different for each building depends on the typology, size of the site, and the surrounding culture and neighbourhood. He controlled both guests’ circulation and experience in order to strike humility and meditation on them. Ando focuses on void, or what he called “free margin” to add a certain value into experience through difference in lighting, perspective, illusory, or plain journey. Ando also uses a lot of natural elements, especially water and light, which emphasized the meditating ambience of the building. Perhaps, he is heavily influenced by the Japanese culture and belief of Zen Buddhism. Zen Buddhism is a belief in which a person could achieve the highest state of man through emptying one-self, which creates a void, through meditation. This idea, is reflected heavily in Ando’s buildings. In terms of material, Ando always uses his iconic pre-casted concrete that creates a signature marks and patterns to the building. Wood and timber is also used, but as a secondary material. Glass and secondary steelworks are used for windows.
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2.0 Schematic Design
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2.01 Site Analysis The building sits at the three-way of the boathouse drive. Near the center of the site border. North side is boathouse drive until the west, and the Yarra River. South of the building is the Alexandra park, across the Alexandra Avenue. East side of the building is empty space, viewing the empty suburban place, and the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
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Dual Views
Blocked Views
Non-Urban View
Urban View
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Section and cut
The site has a duality of views, in which Urban view to the west, and suburuban view to the east. The site is relatively closed by the deciduous trees, but it is clearly visible in winter because the trees are leaf-less. The site is relatively flat and has a calm ambience. Low wind strength and low level of noise, with a beautiful view of the CBD area. The site includes water, which is an advantage forAndo’s building. The flatness and slight slant toward the river could also be an advantage for the boathouse. The site is quiet, not many people use this site, except for some occasions such as yoga, school physical activities, cycling and canoe-ing. In some occasions, the site is also used for public event, especially in the garden. Upon analyzing, I realized that there is no cafes, or as such places surrounding the area. This helped me to choose the most strategic place to provide these services to the public.
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2.02 Schematic Concept and Design The early design idea is about a perspective, how the view is controlled and hierarchically expressed in the building. The form is based and influenced by the Japanese word Furoo, which means flow. The word flow, is taken from the meaning of Yarra river in aboriginal lenguage. The basic idea is a progression of duality and views in the context of the site, while applicating Ando’s philosphy and belief.
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Addition
Circulation
Furo’o Form
Geometry
Nature
Void
Repetition
Secondary Form
Connection and Seperation
Substraction
Plan 1:200@A3
The scheme expresses a hierarchy of views and forms, duality and the idea of progress. The building is according to the brief specification, in which to build a Cafe, Kiosk, Restaurant, and Boathouse while applying the formal ideas of the analysed architect. The formal analysis of the building also expresses the idea of Ando, in which are geometrical form, progressive circulation, controlled perspective, hierarchy of forms and experience, and natural elements.
Lv2 BoathousePlan 1:200@A3
Room Legends 01: Cafe 02: Restaurant 03: Boathouse 04: Kiosk 05: Circulations 06: Empty space 07: Hire Kiosk 08: Office 09: Toilet 10: Miscellaneous
Materials: -Concrete (Primary) -Ando’s Concrete -Blue stone masonries -Steel and Glass -Timber
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Section West 1:100@A3
Section North 1:100@ A1
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Sections and Elevations of the scheme. The drawings include a rough visualization of the interior of the building, the lighting and scale of the building compare to the human scale
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Elevation South 1:200@A3
Elevation West 1:200@ A1
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Elevation shows the section of the land, the slope, the surrounding area of the building, the context of the site, vegetation, and views of the site
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Model View
Bird-eye view
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Cafe View
Prototype 1
The model and 3D visualization expresses the experience and feeling within the interior of the building. The model also aids to express the visualization of the lighting works on the building during a certain period of time. There are several prototype of the model in which I tested to analyse the lighting and sun path since I wanted to control the light. The light is crucial in Ando’s like building because it emphasize the meditation aspect, contrast and lighting adds value to the empty space.
Prototype 2
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3.0 Final Design Yarro Boathouse
“If you give people they can ponder what can be achieved from that nothingness� -Tadao Ando
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Upon further development, I realized that the building lacks of large enclosed space, which intrigued me to change the design. At the end, I have finally came up with a design that creates a seperation of space from the outside world. The building more compacted and convenient for users.
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Spatial Composition 1. Entrance 2. Cafe 3. Restaurant 4. Void Circulation 5. Service room 6. Toilets 7. Boathouse 8. Office 9. Hire Counter 10. Kiosk 11. Open space 12. Kitchen
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Relation to Nature
Geometry
Repetition
Substraction
Separation
Emptiness
Addition
“To design a humble and utilitarian space that response to the context of Melbourne, framed within the style of the Master.� The design is quite straightforward, 2 squares, tilted to face the desired view. I decided to put the building on the land, because I realized that Ando never reconstruct nature for his buildings, therefore, I tried to imitate his approach.
Circulation
The Formal elements are quite straightforward as well and expressed clearly in the building design
Site Plan 1:500@A3
View 1
Birdeye
View 1
View 2
View 2
Birdeye
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South elevation
West elevation
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Sections and Elevations The aim of this building is to create an experience of humility, through the small use of utilitarian space. The high wall that seperates the 2 buildings and the exterior serves this purpose. The high wall is from a Blue stone, Melbourne’s signature stone, to create a contextualization of Melbourne. Furthermore, lighting is controlled to add the ambience of humility, but lightness as well. The wall also seperates the view, from the suburban to the urban part of the city. The open space serves the purpose of other users within the site, in order for them to enjoy their activities while providing services from the kiosk. The sections and elevations serve the purpose to visualize the building from the inside and the outside, how the building would look.
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Section 01
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Section 02
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Visualization The model is created to visualize the idea that is expressed in the building. The middle bluestone wall is to expresses the contextualization of Melbourne and as an emphasized element of the building. The purpose of this wall is to strike fear and humility to the users. The wall is also used to seperate the secluded ambience of the cafe and restaurant with the open space of public usage at the south of the building The water pond surrounding the building is an hierarchical symbolism of eating besides the river. It also directs the user to go around the building, in order to enter the building. The large Aboriginal wall is meant to provide artistic value to the site in respond to the arts precinct at the west side of the building. The art is to be made only by aboriginal artists, with their traditional expertise, they have more knowledge about aboriginal arts.
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4.0 Reflection After furhter review and reflection, I realized that my idea is not fully expressed in the building. I realized that I’ve made a mistake in choosing the idea. I now realized that I was being too ideal and philosophical, therefore, rather developing one idea, I tried to put as many ideas as I could and I did not have much time to develop it. I have 8 schemes and the final one is the 8th scheme, however, I took too long in the cheme and finding the right idea that I only had 3 days to complete the whole building, therefore my idea is not developed well. I realized then, upon further consultation , that choosing an idea, is not as important as developing the idea. I now know that this problem is common within the world of architects. Therefore, I need to be careful the next time I design. Furthermore, I realized that my skill is not sharp enough in terms of ideas and creativity, I need to practice more and perhaps, through recreating this project, I would gain more technical and idea development skills
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5.0 Recreated design Recreating the design helps me to step back, choose an idea, and develop it well. It also helps me to collect myself and reflect on what I have learned for the past 2 years in designing. through this recreated design, I also practices the progress of design systematically, to be able to go one step at a time, and develop the idea well, thoroughly, and systematically. Also it helps me to sharpens my technical skills, explore a new softwares and capability in visualizing (currently learning revit).
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Massing
5.01 Schematic Design At this stage, I look back to Ando’s ideas and his approach of designing. I realized that the core idea of his philosophy is to create a building for meditation. I took a research and reflect more on what is meditation. This stage, I changed the site location, since water is crucial for meditating space and the contrast of light and dark is an essence of meditation. I learned that in meditation, a calm, mellow ambience is needed, therefore, minimum light and sound is to be achieved. The Scheme includes a geometrical form, which is Ando’s signature, hierarchy of form and views, and visualization and tests for the final design Massing to visualize the rough form of the design. It aims to provide visualization on the height, proportion, and the hierarchy of the elevation of the building
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Formal Diagram
Relation to Nature
Circulation
Substraction/Intersection
Void
Separation
Addition
“To design a place of void and meditating space.�
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Repetition, Geometry, Hierarchy
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5.02 Final Design At this stage, I look back to Ando’s ideas and his approach of designing. I realized that the core idea of his philosophy is to create a building for meditation. I took a research and reflect more on what is meditation.
Site Plan 1:500@A3
This stage, I changed the site location, since water is crucial for meditating space and the contrast of light and dark is an essence of meditation. I learned that in meditation, a calm, mellow ambience is needed, therefore, minimum light and sound is to be achieved. The Scheme includes a geometrical form, which is Ando’s signature, hierarchy of form and views, and visualization and tests for the final design Massing to visualize the rough form of the design. It aims to provide visualization on the height, proportion, and the hierarchy of the elevation of the building
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Ground Floor
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Plan 1:100
First Floor
Spatial Composition
1. Entrance 2. Free Margin 3. Boathouse 4. Office 5. Counter 6. Toilets 7. Services 8. Cafe/Restaurant 9. Kitchen 10. Toilet 11. Void 12. Kiosk
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Plan 1:100
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West elevation 1:100
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Sections & Elevations The Design is meant to achieve a meditating space, with a contrast between light and dark in the space. The restaurant and cafe has more lighting since it is a different typology, and the need of users for lighting and view of the city. The building is more compacted and mass because of its typology and efficiency of space to maintain the form and unity of the building. The building sits at the slope of the water, to give an ease for the boathouse, incorporating the water into the building, and the view of the city from the cafe and restaurant to be more clear and direct.
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South elevation 1:100
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I put a free margin space at the west of the building to emphasize the meditating, and as a journey of meditation. I emphasize on the void in every aspect of the building, therefore, I tried to use a large semi opened space with few walls in order to create a void-like space
Reference Cut for Section
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Section AA, 1:100
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Section BB, 1:100
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Model View Contrasting between light and dark is controlled to emphasize meditating space and calming. It is more of a straightforward form and direct to the context and the site, however, I emphasize more on the ambience and experience in this project than the form itself. The form is a 2 L shaped form that is repeated with a different position and arrangement. The hall is to give an impression of the hierarchical view of the city, that is going to be emphasized in the restaurant, and the boathouse. I tried to play with the lighting from a variety of angle to see how it relates to the model. The lighting is supposedly to provide passageway and direction of how the circulation is in the building.
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Naoshima Contemporary Art Museum, Tadao Ando
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6.0 Reflection Honestly, I feel that the recreated design is more systematic and well structured and developed than the first design. I know that it is not perfect, it is not a high standard or reflecting Ando’s style perfectly. However, I really learned and practiced the skills and process that i have been taught throughout my university years. I will have to develop my designing skills such as developing ideas and playing with the forms, and I still need to practice more on my technical skills. I am really greatful to made a mistake at the first time I designed this building. Now I know what should be done the next time I design something. It was also a realization for me that these kinds of mistake will be found in the professional years and nothing is perfect. My previous tutor is right, Uni is the best place to make mistakes in this subject particularly, since it’s a very broad subject and definition, therefore I need to practice more to sharpen my skills. I also learned how should I work, the next time I design something, to be more systematic in terms of the process. I enjoy designing this building, although the process is not easy, but still, learning is a process, it’s not an end, but a means. I still need to search my architectural identity, as which style I am best at, which approach, which type of building I am good at. This is an on-going process and I think this is really important to be able to design something. I believe that an art object is an expression of the artist, therefore, learning one’s artistic identity is crucial for the best design outcome. It is still a long way to go, until I found my architectural Identity, but it is an unavoidable process that I cannot skip.
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Tadao Ando