Multi-objective Optimization of Facade

PERFORMANCE BASED OPTIMISATION OF FACADE FOR SOLAR GAIN, DAYLIGHT, GLARE & VIEW ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

MINIMISE SOLAR GAIN

OPTIMISE DAYLIGHT

MINIMISE GLARE

MAINTAIN VIEW FROM EVERY POINT

CONTENT PROJECT OVERVIEW

CLIMATIC DATA

DESIGN ANALYSIS

PARAMETRIC SETUP

OPTIMISATION

RESULT

PROJECT OVERVIEW ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

Site Plan

IT Tower

N

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Floor Plan

N

Infrequently Occupied Area

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Floors for Simulation

13th Floor (Highest Common Floor)

3rd Floor (Floor with least daylighting)

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Optimised Facade- Examples

Institute | Adelaide

Mixed Use | Taijan

Office | Seoul

Housing | Chicago

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Optimised Facade- Examples

Institute | Adelaide

Mixed Use | Taijan

Office | Seoul

Housing | Chicago

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Aesthetics

Victorian | Late Modernism

Modernism

Parametricism

Iterations

Performance

Optimised Solution

Performance mance Based Optimisation of Facade | Project Overview

140+

Serving clients in more than 140 countries

ITC Mixed Use Development, K Kolkata

740+ 45K+ $8.2bn Over 740 offices around the world

45,000 dedicated Professionals globally

$8.2 billion in revenue as of March 2013

CLIMATIC DATA ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Climatic Data

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Sun Path

Temperature

Equinox Path (Mar 21) Solstice Path (June 21) Solstice Path (Dec 21) N

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Climatic Data

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight

Climate Type : Warm & Humid Summer : Mar to Jun DBBT : 22-36 Deg C RH : 50-95 % Monsoon: Jul to Oct DBT : 26-33 Deg C RH : 70-98 % Winters : Nov to Feb DBT : 11-26 Deg C RH : 40-90 % Ambient outdoor conditions provide thermal comfort for only 13% of Occupied Period Solar Shading will help in more than 58% of Occupied Period Mechanical Cooling Required for 70% of the Occupied Period

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Climatic Data

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

DESIGN ANALYSIS ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Incident Solar Radiation

W Perspective

N Perspective

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Incident Solar Radiation

3rd Floor

13th Floor

Space without Opening Blank Facade

W Axonometric

W Axonometric

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 3rd Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

53 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 13th Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

47 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Glare- 13th Floor View 1 Sep 21 | 1200 hrs

View 2 Sep 21 | 1200 hrs Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

V2

V1 N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Glare- 13th Floor View 1 Dec 21 | 1600 hrs

View 2 Dec 21 | 1000 hrs Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

V2

V1 N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Horizontal Shade | NE Facade It is observed that, the shade does not work suitably.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

40 Deg Shade 00 Deg Shade

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Vertical Shade | NE Facade It is observed that, the shade works suitably throughout the year.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

30 Deg Shade 00 Deg Shade

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Horizontal Shade | NE Facade It is observed that, the shade works suitably only for three months.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

40 Deg Shade 00 Deg Shade

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Vertical Shade | SW Facade It is observed that, the shade works suitably most part of the year.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

30 Deg Shade 00 Deg Shade

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

PARAMETRIC SETUP ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Hybrid Fin Concept The solar analysis studies showed that horizontal shade is required for the summer months and vertical shades are required for the winter months. A combination of the two maked the facade look like a series of grillage (as shown in the images on the right).

So, instead of a direct super-imposition of the horizontal and vertical shades, a hybrid fin is conceptualised which is derived by interpolating the intersections of the shades. The hybrid fin also acts a contemporary expression, which makes the facade look fluid and dynamic (as shown later).

The hybrid fins are optimised with the material properties of solid aluminium.

+

=

X

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Hybrid Fin | NE Facade It is observed that, the shade works suitably throughout the year.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

Avg Shade Shading Distribution

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Shading Analysis- Hybrid Fin | SW Facade It is observed that, the shade works suitably throughout the year.

100

Shading Percentage

80

70 (Min Req) 60

40 Key Plan

20

Avg Shade Shading Distribution

0 N

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Months

A

S

O

N

D

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Hybrid Fin Geometry Each fin is a floor high (4000mm). The fin pinches at the botton to make room for a clear view outside.

p

w

Standing Human Eye Level Sitting Human Eye Level

x

y w p x y

width projection fold-x (fraction of w) fold-y

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Fin Width

p

w

x 0.75

0.90

1.02

1.16

1.30

1.45

1.58

1.72

1.86

2.00

y

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Fin Projection

p

w

x 0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

y

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Fin Fold- x

p

w

x 0.33

0.40

0.48

0.55

0.62

0.70

0.77

0.85

0.92

1.00

y

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Fin Fold- y

p

w

x 2.10

2.23

2.36

2.50

2.63

2.76

2.90

3.03

3.16

3.30

y

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Transition

13th Floor

Transition

3rd Floor

FOLD- Y

FOLD- X

PROJECTION

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

WIDTH

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

125 x 90 x 120 x 77 79,00,000 POSSIBILITIES

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Parametric Setup

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

OPTIMISATION ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Optimisation

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Workflow

Export

Rhino

Rhino

Grasshopper

Existing Geometry

Setup Parameters

Geco

Ecotect Translator

Revit

Optimised Geometry

Galapagos

3DS Max

Genetic Algorithm

AutoCAD

Ecotect Analysis

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Candidate Solution Performance

1200

Optimised Solution Candidate Solution

Existing Design (Benchmark)

600

100

Solar Gain

90

80

70

60

300

50

Daylight Level

900

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Generation 1 | 3 Random Solutions

Benchmark Existing Design Solar Gain 100% Daylight Lvl 49%

13th Floor

3rd Floor

Random Solution 1 Solar Gain 97% Daylight Lvl 50%

Random Solution 2 Solar Gain 93% Daylight Lvl 51%

Random Solution 3 Solar Gain 43% Daylight Lvl 83%

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Generation 100 | 3 Random Solutions

Benchmark Existing Design Solar Gain 100% Daylight Lvl 49%

13th Floor

3rd Floor

Random Solution 1 Solar Gain 68% Daylight Lvl 83%

Random Solution 2 Solar Gain 55% Daylight Lvl 94%

Random Solution 3 Solar Gain 63% Daylight Lvl 85%

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

RESULT ITC MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT KOLKATA

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Selected Optimised Solutions

Benchmark Existing Design Solar Gain 100% Daylight Lvl 49%

13th Floor

3rd Floor

Optimised Solution 1 Solar Gain 62% Daylight Lvl 88%

Optimised Solution 2 Solar Gain 61% Daylight Lvl 87%

Optimised Solution 3 Solar Gain 64% Daylight Lvl 88%

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

Optimised Solution 1 Solar Gain Daylight lvl Fin width (mm)

62 % 88 % 1200

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 3rd Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

89 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 13th Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

87 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

Optimised Solution 2 Solar Gain Daylight lvl Fin width (mm)

61 % 87 % 900

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 3rd Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

87 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 13th Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

87 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

Optimised Solution 3 Solar Gain Daylight lvl Fin width (mm)

64 % 88 % 1800

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 3rd Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

86 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Daylight- 13th Floor Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

VLT U factor SC

0.50 1.68 0.49

90 % Area within acceptable lux range of 110-1100

Daylight Level Sep 21 | 1200 hrs N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Design Analysis

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Summary

1200

Optimised Solution Candidate Solution Existing Design 100% | 49%

900

Optimised Solution 2 61% | 87% Optimised Solution 3 64% | 88%

600

100

Solar Gain

90

80

70

60

300

50

Daylight Level

Optimised Solution 1 62% | 88%

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Glare- 13th Floor | Solution 2 View 1 Sep 21 | 1200 hrs

View 2 Sep 21 | 1200 hrs Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

V2

V1 N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Glare- 13th Floor | Solution 2 View 1 Dec 21 | 1600 hrs

View 2 Dec 21 | 1000 hrs Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

V2

V1 N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Glare- 13th Floor | Solution 2 View 1 Dec 21 | 1600 hrs

View 2 Dec 21 | 1000 hrs Areas above 1000 lux level are highly susceptible to glare.

V2

V1 N

Key Plan

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

Performance Based Optimisation of Facade | Result

ITC Mixed Use Development, Kolkata

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