Course Outcomes:: At the end of the course, the student will be able to 1. demonstrate optical propertis through Spectrophotometer 2. evaluate the structure through XRD 3. identify the morphology through SEM 4. appraise the surface roughness through AFM 5. calculate the dielectric constant through Impedance analyser 6. plot the IV characteristics through NI work station. HoD can give any 10 relevant experiments at the beginning of the course in each semester. 20PH3025 RADIATION TREATMENT AND PLANNING Credits: 4:0:0 Course Objectives: 1. To disseminate knowledge on radiotherapy machines 2. To illustrate the interaction of photon beam on matter 3. To enlighten the students about various calibration methods Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to 1. Recall the basic information about radiotherapy machines 2. Understand the interaction of photon beam on matter 3. Apply various calibration methods to ensure better quality treatment using machines. 4. Analyze the various clinical treatment planning 5. Evaluate the various radiation treatment modalities 6. Create better treatment modalities using electron beam therapy and advanced radiotherapy treatment methods like Cyberknife. Module I - RADIOTHERAPY MACHINES X-rays and Gamma rays – Linear Accelerator – Components of Modern LINAC – Injection System - RF Power Generation System – Accelerating Wave Guide – Microwave Power Transmission – Auxiliary System – Electronic Beam Transport – LINAC Treatment Head – Production of Photon and Electron Beams from LINAC – Beam Collimation – Cobalt-60 versus LINAC – Radiation Therapy Simulators. Module II - PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF EXTERNAL PHOTON BEAMS Photon Beam Sources – Inverse Square Law – Penetration of Photon Beams into Phantom or Patient – Surface Dose – Build-up – Skin Sparing Effect – Percentage Depth Dose – Tissue air Ratio – Back Scattering Factor – Tissue Phantom Ratio – Tissue Maximum Ratio – Scatter Air Ratio – Total Scatter Factor – Isodose Distribution in Water Phantom – Isodose Charts and Factors Effecting – Correction of Irregular Counters – Missing Tissue Compensation – Correction of Tissue Inhomogeneity – Clarkson’s Method – Dose Calculation. Module III - CLINICAL TREATMENT PLANNING IN PHOTON BEAMS Treatment Planning – Volume Definition - ICRU 50, ICRU 62, ICRU 83 Concepts – GTV – CTV – ITV – PTV – OAR – Dose Specification – Patient Data Acquisition – Simulation – Conventional Simulation – Isodose Curves – Wedge Filters – Bolus – Compensating Filters – Field Separation – Quality Assurance of Treatment Planning System – IAEA TRS 430 Protocol – AAPM TG 53 and 106 Protocols Module IV - PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF ELECTRON BEAM THERAPY Production of Electron Beams – Interaction of Electron with Matter – Range Concept – Percentage Depth Dose – Electron Energy Specification – Scattering Power – Rapid Dose Fall-off – Electron Shielding – Dose Prescription and Thumb Rule – Field Inhomogeneity – Dose Build-up – Photon Contamination – Back Scatter – Collimation – Virtual SSD – Oblique Incidence.
APPLIED PHYSICS (2020)
