P L C RT A E URB N A DESIGN MPAR PUBL C URBAN K IN G HISTORICAL
UBLIC RESEARCH DATA ART & STORYOLLECTION & PRESENTATION
TE LING TEMPORARY KATHERINE WIMBLE ULTI-FUNCTIONAL
SIT ANALYSIS
NOV 2016
INTERVENTIONS
DESIGN
PROGRAMS
FUR
DESI
ITURE
DESIGN
N
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Term in
al Av
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Chess St.
nal A ve.
al Av
e.
Begg
Kitsilano
nal A ve.
St.
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Chess St.
Fraser St.
Darn. Winning entry on behalf of Hapa Collaborative for the City of Vancouver’s 2011 design ideas competition Re:Connecting the Core. More here.
St.
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Mount
Three bridges ‘darn’ the cityPleasant fabric, reconnecting the False Creek Flats (roughly equal in size to Stanley Park) to Vancouver’s downtown core.
Stanley Park compared in size to Vancouver’s False Creek Flats
Three pedestrian bridges darn the core’s holes Scale1:10,000
North Van
North Van
Stanley Park
Stanley Park
Indus
Mount habitat corridor Pleasant
St.
Fraser St.
Chess
St.
Great Northern Way
ation
al Av
e.
Great Northern Way
Term in
al Av
Mount Stanley Park compared in sizePleasant to Vancouver’s False Creek Flats
URBAN
Fraser St.
e.N
East Van
Chess
Creek Flats
False Creek Flats
e.
St.
Kitsilano
N
East Vanational Av
False Strathcona
Term in
al Av
e.
Begg
Kitsilano
trial A ve.
Strathcona
St.
Downtown
trial A ve.
Begg
Downtown
Indus
Stanley Park compared in size to Vancouver’s False Creek Flats
Three pedestrian bridges darn the core’s holes Scale1:10,000
Three pedestrian bridges darn the core’s holes Scale1:10,000
Cottrell St Rocky Mountain Station
habitat corridor
DESIGN Indus
Indus
trial A
Fraser St.
trial A ve.
downtown
habitat corridor
train tracks
bridge
Fraser St.
ve. Great Northern Way
Great Northern Way
Three pedestrian bridges darn the core’s holes Scale1:10,000
Three pedestrian bridges darn the core’s holes
downtown
downtown
train tracks
train tracks
bridge
Foley Street bridge
Foley Street
Cottrell St Rocky Mountain Station
Cottrell St Rocky Mountain Station
1 0%
outside Washingto n
70 %
18%
Y
L I VE
?
RE
DO
ou t side Se a tt l e
OU
of th e s e pe o pl e h a d th e o p ti o n to d r i ve a per s o n a l ve h i c l e.
31%
60%
d rove wi th other s
WHE
53%
14 %
d rove a l o ne
41%
15 %
22%
wa l ke d
tran s i t
r i de -s h a re
7%
3%
b i ke
3%
taxi
car2go
50%
11%
3%
<21
2%
1%
>65
21
31
41
51
30
40
50
64
to
to
to
to
2%
native
77% 3 6%
white
africanamerican
5% other
HOW
*
Some i nde n t i f i e d a s m ore th an o n e eth n i c i t y.
40%
female
Capitol Hill/ Firs t H ill/ Centra l Dis t
10%
GE
asian
11%
10%
U
age
20%
Seattl e
o n e m o de of trave l .
latino
O
3 6%
6%
31%
30%
me used * Smo ore th an
60%
male
T H ERE?
40%
D DI
Y
26 %
i dent i f y as gay , queer , pan- or bi - s ex ual , or “ ot her ” t han s t r ai ght .
W H AT
W
IL
DATA COLLECTION & L
YO
U
DO
will spend
$5 0
HERE?
PRESENTATION
on average
? 6 0% d r i nk
41% d i ne
23% d ance
21%
watch
In 2015, I consulted with the Seattle Department of Transportation Public Space Management Program and Capitol Hill Housing to design a study of pedestrian volumes, behavior and demographics on Pike Street with the
14% sip
13% other
8%
work
5%
shop
goal of alleviating nighttime sidewalk congestion. In conjunction with a pilot project testing car-free nights, I delivered detailed recording sheets and instructions, and summarized results as informational graphics and
*
Some p a r t i c i p a te d i n m ore th an o n e a c t i v i t y.
maps. This graphic condensed survey responses into an infographic that was understandable by the public and robust enough for inclusion in SDOT’s report to the Mayor’s office on the project. Full report available here.
reference a past use. The interstitial spaces
ecome the places for activity and gathering hile a bright, straw-like trellis provide shade and nclosure.
1 8
Seat wall (portions with bench backs)
9
Feature tree
the Creative Framing Co.
10
Flexible plaza with pattern
11
Food / beverage vendor
12
tables and moveable chairs
13
Trellis, kiwi vine and promenade space
t
tree in S Ma
2
8 Pho Hoang Vietnamese Restaurant
3 4
entle mounds create inhabitable spaces 5
6
8
7
9 11
e cream & milkshakes historically served on site
PARK DESIGN 8
TD Bank
10
12
13
4
Top: Community participation informs design process; Middle: Historic site occupants, Palm Dairy Milk Bar; Bottom: Scale model of trellis made of straws. Right: Built trellis andon park, in daycreating and evening; photosspace by ants growing trellis, a shady Kristopher Grunnert. More photos here. Project: Mid-Main Park Landscape Architecture: Hapa Collaborative Location: Main & 18th, Vancouver, BC Date designed: 2011â&#x20AC;&#x201C;12 Date completed: 2013 Client: City of Vancouver Parks Board
18th Avenue
4
In 2016, on behalf of 4Culture in collaboration with Gage Hamilton, Urban Artworks, with support from the SODO BIA and Sound Transit, I coordinated the painting of seven, large scale murals by thirteen international artists on four buildings in Seattle’s SODO neighborhood. It was the first phase of a three year project that will transform more than two miles of building backs along the SODO Busway into an epic street art corridor meant to be viewed in motion.
It marks the neighborhood as a portal to downtown Seattle— often visitors’ first impression of the city—fitting of the creative, vibrant city Seattle loves to be. I arranged logistics to execute implementation of the project and related public events. Tasks included: fundraising, PR, event planning and management, booking artist travel and lodging, contract negotiation, budgeting, accounting, invoicing, scheduling, and overall coordination with partners.
PUBLIC ART Above: Mural by Casey Weldon and Syd Bee; photo 4Culture Bottom, left: Photo by muralist Mary Iverson. Bottom, middle: Mural by David Rice; photo by Wiseknave for 4Culture. Bottom, right: Mural by Cyrcle; photo 4Culture. More at: sodotrack.com.
The Society of Architectural Historians’ Archipedia is an authoritative, peer-reviewed, open-access, web-based resource on the history of the built environment, sponsored by SAH and published by the University of Virginia with support by the National Endowment for the Humanities. In 2015-16, I performed
research and contributed 44 essays with related metadata for the State 100 project, which includes 100 Landscapes and 100 Urban Settings from across the country dealing with the most significant and landscapes and urban settings in their respective states. An excerpt from one of these essays is shown here.
San Francisco’s Chinatown As early as 1855, a section of
San Francisco became known as
‘Chinatown’—the oldest Chinatown in
North America—formed as a relatively safe enclave from racially motivated violence. In this city-within-a-city,
Baedeker’s Guide to the United States
helping close opium dens, end
gang wars, and encourage Chinese merchants to take advantage of tourist dollars by publishing an
English-language neighborhood guidebook.
into tiny apartments without indoor
twice and not repealed until 1943)
selectively enforced in Chinatown,
& STORYTELLING
neighborhood advocacy group,
the Six Companies) working as an
In 1882, Congress passed the
economic classes were squeezed
In 1870, the Cubic-Air Ordinance was
RESEARCH
opium resorts, condemning the area
people from a wide spectrum of
plumbing and inadequate ventilation.
HISTORICAL
Society formed (later known as
imposing fines and jail terms against Chinese lodging house owners for
not providing adequate air space per lodger. Additional official ordinances unfairly imposed on Chinese-
owned businesses left them with
limited economic opportunities and Chinatown became a ghetto of ten square blocks.
In the local press, Chinatown became known for crime, brothels, opium
dens, and gang violence: a picture that simultaneously horrified and titillated white San Franciscans. Tourists, seeking romantic
authenticity, visited Chinatown with
guides who showed them paid-actors lounging in opium dens. Members
of the local Bohemian club explored the area as flânuers in appreciation of the quarter’s picturesque, anti-
modern qualities. The streets were typically American but balconies
were painted in bright colors and
were decorated with colorful lanterns, potted plants, and, what appeared
to the flânuers to be, exotic red and black hieroglyphs. During this time,
the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent
Chinese Exclusion Act (extended
banning the immigration of Chinese
laborers and making landed Chinese immigrants permanent aliens. The
Exclusion Act also made it impossible for Chinese men to bring their
wives and families to the U.S.; thus, the gender balance of Chinatown skewed overwhelmingly male, as anti-miscegenation acts made it
impossible for Chinese men to marry white women. With few families, the
power of various associations acting
as surrogate families grew, and before long, every Chinese immigrant was a member of one or more of them.
Associations united and supported members with credit, shelter and
other kinds of financial assistance. That there were few families also affected construction; dwellings
were built to accommodate single
men, and within tightly constrained
boundaries, single room occupancy dwellings were stacked over
multiple functions. In 1885, a Police officers committee led by Willard Farrell under the authority of the
San Francisco Board of Supervisors meticulously mapped the first
floor functions of every Chinatown business, tallying the number of gambling houses, brothels, and
as “blighted.” Meanwhile, the 1893 recommended Chinatown as the
“most interesting” neighborhood,
advising, “no one should leave San Francisco without visiting it.”
In 1900, Chinatown’s population
tipped 30,000 and a Chinese man’s
death became the first San Francisco report of bubonic plague leading to the quarantining of Chinatown. The
San Francisco Board of health burned buildings in a purported attempt to
sanitize the neighborhood, but most suspected that the burning was an
attempt to drive Chinese off the highvalue real estate. After 113 Chinese had died of plague and buildings
were burnt, the community rallied via local media (particularly the Chinese Western Daily) to organize and fight for their property.
In 1904, San Francisco’s Former
Mayor, banker, and ‘Yellow-Peril’
alarmist James D. Phelan contracted Daniel Burnham to draft a City
Beautiful plan for San Francisco. Had
the plan been enacted, it would have completely eradicated Chinatown.
Community leaders fought the plan
arguing that the city would profit from tourism if Chinatown were rebuilt in a distinctive Oriental style in its present location. Less than 24 hours after
Phelan made a last-ditch presentation of his Burnham plan to City Council, the 1906 San Francisco earthquake struck.
The fires that followed—many of which were deliberately set by the U.S. Army in an attempt to create a backburn destroyed all of Chinatown. (cont.)
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people buildings salmon photos
ancient
1800
1850
HISTORIC SITE
RESEARCH Project:
Kawaki Landscape Park
Location:
Steveston, Richmond, BC, Canada
Landscape Architecture: Date designed:
Date completed: Clients:
Hapa Collaborative 2010–12
Under construction
Oris Consulting and City of Richmond, BC
1900 Hapa Collaborative developed the park plan on the site of the former Nakade Boatworks and Kawaki fish packers. Located on the south arm of the Fraser River, the site will include a multi-use development housing residential units, commercial space, live-work studios and a large community space that spills onto the park and plaza. The design work
1950 involved reinterpreting historic forms in the waterfront park; therefore, the historical site research was critical knowledge. I conducted this research using resources at the City of Richmond Archives and by interviewing living historical participants to collect oral histories. Some of this research is summarized in the time line shown above.
SITE ANALYSIS Project:
Terra Nova Play Experience
Location:
Terra Nova Rural Park, Richmond, BC, Canada
Date completed:
2013
Landscape Architecture: Hapa Collaborative Date designed: Client:
Photo (right):
2012
City of Richmond, BC
play niches
Joshua Dool Photography for Hapa Collaborative prospect refuge | edge surveying
up high
tall trees
looking out contemplating
hill nets
above
platform hedges
climbing throwing swinging rolling down sledding climbing hanging swinging
orchard
thrill being up high
moving fast
hiding
sorting piling carving making fortresess
field
surveying
looking across
sandpit
contemplation solitary play group play playing war
running around
rule breaking
group play
smelling
looking listening
building
listening touching
hide & seek group play
chasing jumping adventure risk
swimming
potential to fall in
burying throwing
burying
creative destruction sifting carrying
tunneling sculpting tinkering
looking touching smelling looking
chase group play
listening touching touching
solitary play
digging hiding
ditch
looking listening
looking
sorting piling
jumping off
tunnel
looking smelling listening
social or solitary
touching
being suspended
jumping off balancing climbing
rafting
sensory experiences
getting dizzy
climbing
looking out
creativity
hiding
water
below
Different kinds of play occur Working very closely with the City of at different elevations. A rich Richmond Parks, Hapa Collaborative play experience providing lots opportunities for different developed plans for the ofTerra Nova Play kinds of learning incorporates Experience: a space thatplay captures thewithin at various niches landscape. rich natural features andthe cultural history of the park within the experience of play. We conducted extensive research of precedents, play principles, and archival site records, and conducted a robust community process (which included local elementary school kids and a “Big Kids” advisory group) as well as a thorough site analysis. From that work, I created the diagram shown here, which organizes play elements for each of the park’s play spaces by elevation. This diagram was included in the “Play Book” documenting the public process, which was exhibited in a 201617 traveling exhibition Extraordinary Playspaces exploring the latest thinking in playground design. 72
physical challenges
bunkering hiding
looking out listening
crawling jumping over rolling crawling
digging mud-making
playing war smelling
bunkering
73
Project: Location: Materials: Date designed: Date completed: Client:
FURNITURE
Terra Nova Benches Terra Nova Rural Park, Richmond, BC, Rough-hewn fir, weathering steel, concrete 2010â&#x20AC;&#x201C;11 2011 City of Richmond Parks
DESIGN The Terra Nova benches are a series of modular designs from which the Richmond Parks Department could select a type to suit various conditions in Terra Nova Rural Park. Each bench was designed to be constructed from dimensionally-thick materials and
fittings in character with a farm landscape. In 2011, a prototype bench was built and installed in multiple locations, each engraved with either the name of the crop historically grown in that particular bench location or a quote from the recorded oral history of the land.
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL
DESIGN
Section (above) and rendering (below) for River’s Edge Landscape Park, 2012 (Hapa Collaborative)
On the north arm of the Fraser River, Hapa Collaborative’s landscape design does not deny the industrial site that has been, but acknowledges and responds to needs for ecological function, vitality and beauty within a lived urban reality. For thousands of years before, the Wild and Scratchley sloughs branched open onto this site. Here, still visible scars of the site’s two lost sloughs
are traced in symbolic form and revealed with water. Framed by the Dyke Trail, the landscape park features circuits to walk, places to inhabit, pockets to explore, friends to meet, spaces to play, reasons to stay. Larger turf covered spaces accommodate occasional crowds drawn by community events and more intimate vegetated spaces make room for picnickers and game players.
VÆRNDAMSVEJ
Sankt Jørgens Allé
Walking
women
1400
men
All streetscape users
women
1400
Weekay and Saturday
All activities
Weekday
men
1200
1200
1000
1000
400 200 0 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
All streetscape users
2,052
1000
2,412
800
0
8,388
0 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
2,412
5000
Men
2000
Women
62%
Women Men
Men
200
walking
cycling
11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
2,412
42%
44%
41%
56%
58%
Women Men
1000 0
38%
800
Sankt Jørgens Allé
rnedamsvej Jørgens Allé 62
Women
Men
3000
men
0
2,052
Women
Værnedamsvej
women
70%
4000
rnedamsvej Jørgens Allé
58% 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
cycling
400
Total
1,270
40%
Cycling
1400
11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
60%
0
Saturday
rnedamsvej Jørgens Allé
42%
6000
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé 62
200
200
1000
ChildrenWomen
Women
0
400
600
Men
1000
200
600
1200
7000 Children
2000
800
32%
Women Men
68%
1000
30%
Men
3000
400
cycling
8000
4000
600
walking
7000 6000
men 8,388
Children
men 1200
walking
11,602
women
Women Men
9000
total
5000
Central Copenhagen
600
11,602
8000
2,052
800
1200
10000
9000
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé
Men
1400 1,270
women
1400
12000
Men
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé 62
10000
Walking
Walking
11000
Women
9000
1000
Women
8000
57%
11000
All activities
7000
44%
6000
1200
12000 Weekday 5000
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé
56% men
4000
1400 43%
12000 11000
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé
women
3000
cycling Saturday
0
walking
2000
Weekay and Saturday
1000
All streetscape users
10000
Weekay and Saturday
1,270
Cycling
Værnedamsvej Sankt Jørgens Allé
Walking
8,388
600
As part of my master’s street spaces were defined as: spatial 800 thesis, I conducted pedestrian counts connectivity, visual transparency, 600 comparing two streets in Copenhagen, complexity, proximity, pleasant Denmark. Similar in400 other aspects, one sensory experiences, talkscapes, a street had a high-degree of qualities feeling of security, an atmosphere of 200 I hypothesized women preferred support, and evidence of care. The (Vaernedamsvej) and 0the other a graphs here demonstrate the results 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 low-degree of those qualities (Sankt Sanktof the pedestrian and cyclist counts Jørgens Allé Jørgens Allé.) Women’s preferences in differentiated by gender and age. 11,602
800
400
DATA COLLECTION
SANKT JØRGENS ALLÉ
59%
Women
Women
Men
Men
PUBLIC
PROGRAMS In 2013 and 2014, I directed the Seattle Design Festival with the mission of bringing the public, designers, and representatives of public agencies together to understand how design makes life better. To execute the Festival, I mobilized and led hundreds of volunteers, planned programs, and liaised with partners, financial
supporters, staff, volunteers, service providers and the public. I developed and executed an integrated communications plan that resulted in doubling Festival attendance, quadrupling the number of programs, generating eleven times more visitors to the Festival website and an estimated 4,000,000 media impressions
Project:
Seattle Design Festival: Design in Motion
Presenters: Design in Public and AIA Seattle Location:
Occidental Plaza Seattle, Washington
Date:
September 2014
Attendees: 10,000
(with zero advertising expenses). Throughout the campaign, I developed key assets to speak to multiple audiences. Often, I needed to translate complicated work of skilled designers into content that was accessible and digestible by a public who were not necessarily accustomed to design-thinking.
Project:
Interurban Trail Mile-Markers
Location:
Interurban Trail, Shoreline, WA
Artwork:
Materials:
Date designed:
The Unearth Collective
Stainless steel and paint in-fill 2012
Date completed: 2012 Client:
City of Shoreline
PUBLIC ART Referencing the Interurban Trail
historical figure into the present
we replicated a selection of
lost and gained in industrialization
land’s past use as a train line,
rationalized drawings from a 1904 manual of hand signals used by
railroad workers. In the past, the language of hand and lantern
positions gave signalmen a ‘voice,’ allowing them to communicate visually over noise and across
distance. Today, this signalman maintains his ‘voice’ by way of
announcing the miles. But what else is he telling us? By propelling this
day, we question what has been and the rationalization of the
workplace, in which all of us are
entwined. By digitally redrawing this obviously old image, using the old trick of trompe l’oeil,
presenting it within an old tradition of etching, and using modern
fonts, color palettes, and materials, we reference what been lost and gained in modern production.
URBAN INTERVENTIONS “Escape,” Safety flags, Desire Lines, 2012
“Quick Fix,” Synthetic turf, Desire Lines, 2012
Project:
Desire Lines
Location:
Meridian Park, Shoreline, WA
Artwork:
Materials: Date designed:
Date completed: Exhibition:
The Unearth Collective
Flags, powdered pigment, shoes, synthetic turf, tape 2012 2012
Site-Specific 2012, 4Culture
The Unearth Collective located significant
By offering this mapped route through
Park neighborhood of Shoreline and
experienced on a regular basis, we
desire lines within the Meridian
connected them to form a walking route
(approximately 3.1 miles (5K)) through the
area. Along the walking route, we created temporary installations that highlighted these pedestrian-made lines. A printed
guide of the route, along with site-specific historic narratives and ‘facts’ about sites along the route and QR codes linking to “Decoder,” Pigment, Desire Lines, 2012
an optional walk soundtrack, were made available to the public.
spaces that Shoreline residents
presented these everyday sites from new and unexpected angle. We unearthed
hidden aspects of the site, reinterpreted and presented them to the public, with the hope that participants would learn something new about the everyday
fabric of their city and develop a deeper awareness of their own pedestrian
experience as well as the experience of others.
“Disappearing Stair,” Shoes, Desire Lines, 2012
TEMPORARY
ART
“By Color” Captured by Google Satellite, 2011.
Project: Artwork: Location: Materials: Date designed: Date completed: Exhibition:
By Color The Unearth Collective Smoke Farm on the Stillaguamish River, WA River rocks found on-site 2011 2011 Not to Scale: Lo-Fi Arts Festival at Smoke Farm