K T
the cover image of this portfolio is a spectrogram, a visual representation of speech used in linguistic research. i am particularly interested in using research as a basis for design. linguistic research, like that represented here, inspired the architectural project, sla-ibrary.
table of contents
architecturea | engineeringe | researchr | schools
01 rethinking the 2x4a,e,r,s
reciprocal frames in dimensional lumber may 2021
02 splama,e,r
a timber pavilion september 2021
03 cyclea,s
cooperative living december 2020
04 jardines de juegoa,s
learning through play may 2020
05 SLA-ibrarya,r,s
a learning library may 2018
06 smarti labe,r
compliant and deployable geostructural systems august 2021 - present
07 syncopation through spacea,s a music school april 2019
08 music, architecture, and the spatialization of sounda,r an interdisciplinary research project january 2020 - present
09 study abroada,s
a year in barcelona september 2018 – may 2019
01 type: location: professors: team: SOM team: contribution:
reframing the 2x4
reciprocal frame timber structures outdoor classroom + timber pavilion ray elementary school, chicago, il tsz yan ng, wes mcgee nicholas di donato, huiting du, charlotte fuss, nicolas garcia, jeong su han, yuhao huang, hannah kirkpatrick, ho kyung lee, meghan owens, hana saifullah, xingyue sun ryan culligan, benton johnson, sydney brown, kyle vansice, rahul attraya, megan mohney, jonathan baranowski, rishabh moorjani designed and researched as a team, individually focused on reciprocal framing and prototype 2
this thesis project focuses on the potential of reconsidering the use of timber as a building material— namely 2x4s—for the design and construction of an outdoor classroom. while dimensional lumber is commonly used as framing, there is also potential for leveraging digital fabrication methods to go beyond these simple systems for construction. using 2x4 dimensional lumber, the studio explored fabrication techniques and reciprocal frames as a structural system while also considering inhabitation and student use.
number of members
3
length beyond intersection
30”
nodal length
3”
length beyond intersection 7.85” z/normal-axis angle 5.33º member height
3.5”
member width
1.5”
reciprocal frame systems contain at least three members arranged around a central node. each member rests on its neighbor, creating a self-supporting structure. parametric modeling allowed exploration of the system to determine its limitations.
rhino 7 generate overall parti base mesh in rhino
rhino 7 quadremesh to make mesh edge lengths desired member lengths
grasshopper calculate required structural depth needed per engineering design guidelines revise base mesh for different member layout
kangaroo use physics simulation and calculations to relax mesh into form generate new mesh for better kangaroo relaxation
iterate generated rf members
grasshopper/c# generate reciprocal frame and interstitial members via relaxed mesh edges
optimized mesh grasshopper + kangaroo
generated rf grasshopper + c# ceiling
dual mesh grasshopper + c#
ceiling
generated rf grasshopper + c# roof
roof
prototype 2
7°
PO
ALL YW
10”
TEMPORARY WALL
TEM
R RA
20’ 12’
9’ ROO
FE
DG
16”
E
DECK EDGE
0’
5’
10’
20’
16”
EXISTING STONE SEATS
7”
40’
02 splam type: location: michigan team: SOM team: contribution:
spatial laminated timber pavilion epic academy, chicago, il tsz yan ng, wes mcgee, nicolas garcia ryan culligan, benton johnson, sydney brown, kyle vansice, rahul attraya, megan mohney, jonathan baranowski, rishabh moorjani designed and tested joints as a team, generated cnc fabrication code individually
this open-air learning lab and gathering space for epic academy and the south shore community showcases the potential for prefabricated timber framing panels to advance more sustainable and efficient methods of design and construction. SPLAM comes together with two types of joints and utilizes shorter members. while other mass timber products use more material or have increased depth requirements due to utilities, SPLAM uses a topologically optimized structure. here, more material is present where stresses are higher, reducing overall material.
rl a p ove
sc
a rf
jo i n
j o i nt
t
overlap joint
5 operations 3 tools 2D axis operations
x 7780 5
1
3
1 2 3 4 5
2 4
tools
x 1198 5
2
4
8
3
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 tools
1
1 - 1/2" downshear, 2 - 1/8" brad, 3 - 3/8" brad
8 operations 3 tools 3D axis operations
splice joint 7
back relief cut1 front relief cut1 overlap contour1 drill holes2 jig alignment holes3
cut to length1 relief cut (3D)1 front of scarf (3D)1 back of scarf (3D)1 back edge cut1 upper middle edge cut1 lower middle edge cut4 drill holes (3D)2 1 - 1/2" downshear, 4 - 3/8" downshear, 2 - 1/8" brad
rendering by SOM
03 cycle type: location: course: professors: school: team: contribution:
cooperative multifamily housing detroit, mi arch 672 kathy velikov, jonathan rule university of michigan mitch deans, niels hoyle-dodson, designed as a team, produced isometric and floor plans individually
detroit, a city of hope, was systematically disinvested by white, wealthy investors, keeping it dependent on a system of predation. while communities are being grown in detroit that push back against this system, the alienating nature of the urban fabric undermines the effort. cycle works to give back part of the city to its own residents through engendering collective ownership of the space. the built environment always shapes the actions of its residents while individuals also define the space in how they inhabit it. many parts of the building, from units to individual walls, are open to interpretations and changes depending on the desires of those who call it home. this flexibility contributes to a sense of belonging for the residents.
open air hallway community/ civic facilities
communal living/ dining/kitchens
“the ally” (1 bedroom)
“communal street”/ hallways “the compatriots” (2 bedrooms)
bike bar
greenhouses “the accomplices” (fully communal)
“the comrades” (3-4 bedrooms)
commercial/ zones of production
cloverdale st.
greenlawn ave.
roselawn st.
lvd.
oa
km an
bl vd .
oakman blvd.
pedestrian + #15 bus traffic only
elmhurst ave.
oak
ma
nb
elmhurst ave.
cloverdale st.
oak
ma nb
lvd.
joe louis greenway
the ally
single persons | those not fully comfortable with communal living
bedroom: 1 floor: 2, 3, and 4 instances: 8 335 sqft
the comrades bedroom: 4 floor: 1 and 2 instances: 10 1456 sqft
larger families | small communal living | two couples and a roommate those seeking the amenities of a house
the compatriots
smaller families | a couple with a roommate | two friends | elderly and a caregiver
bedroom: 2 floor: 1 instances: 6 800 sqft
the accomplices
young people recently moved out | those seeking transitional housing multi-generational families | elderly and a caregiver | recovering addicts
fully communal private bedroom paired bathrooms + kitchenettes instances (bedrooms): 39 ~295 sqft/ resident
04 type: location: course: professor: school:
jardines de juego kinderGARDENS of play early education tlatelolco, mexico city, mx arch 662 anya sirota university of michigan awarded, creative conscience awards, 2020
better schools build stronger, more resilient communities. that’s common knowledge. commoning education by re-imagining a school district as an interconnected web rather than disparate parts strengthens the education outcomes of a community. escuelas mejores construyen comunidades más fuertes y resilientes. eso es conocimiento común. convirtiendo el distrito escolar a un sistema interconectado—un sistema común—en vez de partes disparatas fortalece los resultados escolares de una comunidad.
school context escuela secundaria nº106 CENDI agustina ramirez escuela primaria francisco medina ascencio jardín infantil batallón de san blas CAPEP tlatelolco
jardín infantil erasmo catsellanos quinto
CENDI ISSSTE
jardín infantil melchor ocampo
escuela secundaria técnica nº12 “guardias presidenciales”
educación superior escuela preparatoria técnica cuauhtémoc vocacional nº7 (1964-2013) escuela secundaria pedro díaz y cedros de líbano escuela secundaria nº83 valentín gómez farías
escuela secundaria escuela industrial y vocacional de la beneficencia pública
escuela primaria vicenta trujillo jardín infantil constitución de 1917 jardín infantil josé maría luis mora
escuela primaria josé antonio torres
jardín infantil luz padilla de azuela
escuela primaria fray melchor talamantes
school distribution in tlatelolco
school distribution in tlatelolco 6
4
4
2 1
1 0
CENDI
jardín infantil
CAPEP
escuela primaria
escuela secundaria
educación media superior
educación superior
kindergarten school comparison kindergarten school comparison
mejorartuescuela.org & siged.sep.gob.mx/SIGED/escuelas.html
(mejorartuescuela.org & siged.sep.gob.mx/SIGED/escuelas.html)
number of classrooms jardín infantil batallón de san blas
5
jardín infantil constitución de 1917
6
jardín infantil erasmo castellasnos quinto
12
jardín infantil josé maría luis mora
5
jardín infantil luz padilla de azuela
6
jardín infantil melchor ocampo
6
classrooms
classrooms
classrooms
classrooms
classrooms
classrooms
number of teachers 4
6
6
5
9
5
number of students 87
teachers
166
teachers
167
teachers
130
teachers
159
teachers
170
teachers
students
students
students
students
students
students
teacher/ student ratio 21.8
27.7
27.7
26
17.7
34.0
t:s ratio
t:s ratio
t:s ratio
t:s ratio
t:s ratio
t:s ratio
est. sqft per person 158
48
46
58
56
45
number of playgrounds
square feet
square feet
square feet
square feet
square feet
square feet
0
0
0
0
0
0
playgrounds
playgrounds
playgrounds
playgrounds
playgrounds
playgrounds
play and education “crisis in kindergarten: why children need to play in school,” alliance for childhood
laissez-faire, loosely structured classroom
classroom rich in child-initiated play
playful classroom with focused learning
didactic highly structured classroom
ample play but without active adult support, often resulting in chaos
exploring the world through play with the active presence of teachers
teachers guiding learning with rich, experiential activities
teacher-led instruction, including scripted teaching, with little or no play
ideal
current trend
jardín infantil melchor ocampo
0.21mi 0.22mi
0.16mi
0.35mi
0.42mi
jardín infantil constitución de 191 jardín infantil josé maría luis mora
jardín infantil luz padilla de azuela
jardín infantil erasmo catsellanos quinto
jardín infantil batallón de san blas
0.47mi 0.26mi
0.23mi
17
0.33mi
one theme per school, all connected art self music environment movement construction
el arte el mí mismo la música el ambiente el movimiento la construcción
una tema para cada escuela, todas conectadas
self
el mí mismo
batallón de san blas
playground materials asphalt rubber mat pea gravel grass wood fiber mulch
in this playground, learn how you fit in with the world, see yourself in scale, experience how different materials feel
sand
en este jardín, aprenda cómo se encaja en el mundo, vea a si mismo en escala, experimenta como sienten materiales diferentes
wooden deck
rubber mulch dirt turf
“i can see myself in the mirror” “me too!”
“this planet is huge!” “i think it’s jupiter”
“this planet is ours — the earth!”
environment
el ambiente
erasmo castellanos quinto
“do you see the agave plant? it’s grown here, in our city!”
“alright class, now we’re going to plant here. this garden is similar to the aztec chinampas”
“if you want to water the plants, you can move this piece and the water will flow from the roof”
movement
el moviemiento
josé maría luis mora
“i can feel the water moving between my legs!” “i’m it!”
“me too! why can we feel it?”
“move! move! i don’t want to be it!”
“the waterfall!”
“don’t tag me!”
“miss, how does the water fall from the roof?” “great question! the water moves because of gravity”
05 SLA-ibrary type: location: course: professor: school:
mediathèqué chicago, il arch 374 claire gaspin university of illinois shortlisted, creative conscience awards, 2018 presented, second language acquisition teacher education symposium, 2018
extrude
split
in the near west side of chicago, there is a large amount of linguistic diversity—both in the number of people who speak languages other than english at home and in the number of languages spoken. in an increasingly digital age, how might we leverage this linguistic diversity and encourage residents of the near west side to use and gain language skills in order to better connect with each other?
primary shapes
this urban mediathèqué, focused on language learning, takes cues from second language acquisition research to best foster connection among residents of the near west side.
secondary shapes
connection
learning methods
IMPLICIT
INPUT INPUT
000 Computer science, information & general works 001 Philosophy & psychology 002 Religion you Social don’t know you’re learning 003 sciences 004 Language 005 Science 006 Technology 007 Arts & recreation you don’t know you’re learning 008 Literature 009 History & geography
IMPLICIT EXPLICIT you know you’re learning
EXPLICIT
OUTPUT OUTPUT PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY you know you’re learning
approach
purpose
Mija, ¡tráete tu suéter!
Okay, Dad! I’ll grab my sweater!
L2 NL
HL
heritage learner
second language learner
CONNECTING FAMILIES ¡Quiero comunicar contigo!
I want to communicate with you!
L2 NL
second language learner
L2 NL
second language learner
CONNECTING NEIGHBORS
60’
< implicit output 45’
< explicit input 29’
< explicit input 13’
0’
< implicit input < implicit input
-15’
< support areas -31’
06 type: location: course: professor: school:
syncopation through space music school poble nou, barcelona, sp. arch 476b carles marcos university of illinois, escola tècnica d’arquitectura del vallès (etsav)
transparent
A
B in barcelona’s poble nou neighborhood, avinguda d’icària meets a diagonal pedestrian path. to capture this unique intersection, this music school is predicated on the idea of creating connective spaces through courtyards and terraces. glazing on both sides of a dynamic staircase creates a light-filled circulation spine, connecting the two volumes of the building across the courtyard.
C
a rhythmic structure wraps around the perimeter of the building and is punctuated by panels that range from transparent to opaque, depending on programmatic function.
D
opaque
E
C
A
E
E C
practice room windows vary between a, c, & e windows to provide musicians with ample light, ventilation, and privacy
A
interior courtyard can be seen throughout the building, bringing in light and encouraging a dynamic circulation
ns: Post tensioned (right) used for right side of building, F2-4
◄◄ main structural grid post-tensioned structural grid used on right hand side; floors 4, 3, & 2 ►►
0.05m
0.55m 0.05m
0.05m
0.95m
0.05m
0.55m
0.55m
0.05m
0.05m
1.00m
1:10
steel HSS section, filled with concrete, surrounded by insulation and an aluminum exterior ►►
07 type: advisor: school: hardware: software:
smarti lab
deployable + compliant geostructures research ann sychterz university of illinois stratasys multi-material polymer 3d printer grasshopper, rhinoceros, adobe after effects
while current research into deployable and compliant structures is focused on their aboveground applications, their benefits can be extended to underground applications. geotechnical structures, loaded primarily in tension, risk brittle collapse or displacement accumulation under extreme loading. to address this concern, members are oversized or components are added. deployable structures offer a way to resist extreme design loading while increasing system resiliency and decreasing material cost, transport, construction time, and environmental impact. this work involves developing compliant attachments to the exterior of tension-loaded geostructures that deploy passively and increase the bearing area and capacity. when twisted, awns attached to piles deploy, entrapping soil and increasing surface friction and the tension capacity of the pile.
radius2
arclength2
i
ii
iii
ii
l i
pile
iii
arc1
ii
arc2
arcangle iii
adjust angle between arc1 and arc2
fillet iv
join curve
variable offset
# of divisions
divide curve place horizontal frames length (list)
v
draw lines vi
sweep1
final footprint extrude
cap type vii
join curve
height
extrude
trackers
viii
viii
viii
establish position tracker on awn establish position tracker on pile establish rotation tracker on pile
array
# of awns ix
input
polar array
internal steps
final geometry
r
r
draw arc1
transform arc2 to neutral position in relation to arc1
l
define basic geometry position and join curves
radius1 arclength1
draw arc2
transform arc2
iv
v
joined arcs - rail
vi
add guidelines
vi
sweep1
use rail and guidelines to create shape
vii
ix
viii
join curves
inner and outer curves joined to create footprint
place trackers
place postition trackers on awn and pile, place rotation and centering tracker on pile.
ix
array
position trackers
awn
rotation tracker pile
awn
clear sand
08
music, architecture, and the spatialization of sound
type: subproject: project site: school: team: contribution:
research project musical interpretation + graphical representation soundxspace.cargo.site university of michigan leonard bopp, m. music, tyler gaeth, m. architecture collaborated on research, produced graphic translations individually
research was supported by:
um artsengine’s arts integrative interdisciplinary (aiir) grant taubman college’s architecture student research grant (asrg) published in dimensions journal vol. 34
our principal goal from the outset of this research was to explore new modes of engagement between musicians, architects and their respective audiences. through a series of exercises and studies, we began breaking down these forms of visual communication and re-representing them in formats and visualizations that don’t rely on disciplinary knowledge. working back and forth between the disciplines, these realizations are working towards a shared language between music and architecture that can convey qualities of both fields in more accessible formats without oversimplification.
working from anthony di mari + nora yoo’s operative design1, we defined each verb in three ways— from a non-disciplinary perspective, architecturally, and musically.
expand
from these definitions, leonard wrote a musical phrases for each word, manipulating a basic motif just like di mari and yoo manipulated a basic volume. this phrase, a diatonic and mostly step-wise pattern in the key of g minor, could be manipulated through various alterations of length and rhythm. in some cases, leonard also added an additional voice to illustrate the verb.
listen
1. di mari, anthony, nora yoo. 2018. operative design : a catalogue of spatial verbs. amsterdam, the netherlands: bis publishers. 2. “dictionary.com is the world’s favorite online dictionary.” n.d. dictionary.com. accessed august 3, 2020. https://www.dictionary.com/.
expand
musical notation
staff
add lines at mid-points
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time markers, 1 unit/16th note
add points for each note, using time markers to show note length
connect points
final graphic representation
our method of re-translation begins to show large trends in a phrase. because it doesn’t rely on disciplinary notation—like the symbols that show note length —these representations begin to make the trends readable for non-musicians.
listen
in inflate, the two voices pull apart—a trend you can see graphically. while possible for musicians to understand in traditional musical notation, non-musicians don’t have the disciplinary training to do so
listen
in interlock, the lower voice is delayed by half a beat, so that the voices interlock. this trend is much easier to see graphically—the lines lock together, interweaving with each other.
09 media: school: term:
study abroad dslr camera ink, watercolor university of illinois escola tècnica d’arquitectura del vallès (etsav) fall 2018 - spring 2019
during my time at the illinois school of architecture, i studied in barcelona, spain. this year long program is unique in that all of our classes, from structures to history, were integrated with each other and our environment. through our studies, we were lucky enough to get to experience barcelona, spain, and all of europe through architecture–especially through sketching and photography.
façade, florence cathedral, florence, italy
copenhagen, denmark
monastery, sant cugat del vallès, spain
monastery, santes creus, spain
l’oceanogràfic, valència, spain
eiffel tower, paris, france
french national library, paris, france
ciutat de les arts i les ciències, valència, spain
escuela técnica superior de arquitectura de granada, granada, spain
sagrada família, barcelona, spain
thank you