FINAL YEAR PROJECT ARC 605 INITIAL PROJECT PROPOSAL
KEI LITTLE /FHEQ LEVEL6
INITIAL PROJECT PROPOSAL
Working Title: Mountain Facility/Shelter for Climbers- A Gateway to the Glyderau Mountains, Devils kitchen. Introduction Mountain landscapes have become more accessible and recreationists seeking mountain locations is on the increase. The facility is for sustained use and access to devils kitchen and other crags for climbers in Cwm Idwal. It is next to a glacial lake and is a popular location for walkers and educational groups served by a car park and is close to the A5 road to get access. I want to make cwm idwal an excellent and accessible mountain experience.
Image 1.1 Google Image: Two possible locations on both sides of the lake in red, in blue locations for canoe sheds closer to the lake.
Rationale: Issues that need addressing. The idea is to create an innovative design for a challenging environment, there are areas that need research that deal with problems created by climate conditions, open space, remoteness, high altitude, and high wind speeds. I have conservation interests and the risk of disturbance to the area is a concern, as areas are left predominantly undisturbed. To get climbers from the facility to climbing routes they will need their own linear paths to avoid deviating over open countryside. There are risks with storm water runoff causing erosions. Strong gales will come from the west so west facing windows will need to be triple glazed with toughened glass. Waterfalls do appear when the weather is wet so possibly micro hydro systems. It may have to be built on stilts to keep it ABGL. The building design has to be a direct response to the landscape that wraps itself around the shelter, and integrate it with the mountains as a canvas. I need the inspiration for concept development to come from the very process of exploring a particular site, and from other projects. Certain view need to be ascertained and framed and not missed when planning
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where to put windows. This is a standalone shelter that must keep climbers safe and be strong enough to withstand the elements and be fit for purpose. Aim objectives Design a facility for climbers visiting north Wales partaking in recreational mountain activities, to cater for groups of up to ten climbers that can stay overnight or on a daily/ weekly basis. This well help the welsh economy. There are up to 300 crags for climbing and you can get as much as 1000 visitors a day to this location. Design objectives. Design a robust steel frame for possibly an unconventional structure, robustness is the property of a system that enable users to survive unforeseen or unusual circumstances. The reason for an unconventional structure is to get a wind resistant ground hugging shape that is shaped like the mountains and the boulders. I need a safe structural system equipped with a sufficient degree of robustness to make it endure for a designed length of time. The building needs to impermeable to wind and rain. (Franz knoll, Thomas Vogel 2009) Objective hypothesis: This building must exceed regulatory requirements for design, energy, water and land impacts, It must meet standards of a shelter to protect and withstand against all weather conditions. Reduce carbon emissions, sympathetically appear in the landscape, and meet standards for thermal efficiency and finished to a performance standard. Architecture that contributes to the attractiveness of the setting needs to be attractive and communicate some beauty of its own through its design. Needs a bright and colourful interior layout.
Methodology or Technical Approach A growing number of architects are using the environment and the natural world that surrounds us for design inspiration, architecture that is using nature as a conceptual driver for architecture is using natural forms and are framing particular views. Mapping the site Builds a picture of the complex relationships between spaces and there use, and also between objects / features and events. All helps making decisions where to put the site boundary and the availability of space. (Geoffrey Maksutis 2010) There are number of sufficient events that need design solutions they include snow and general bad weather, ground erosion, falling rocks ground water flooding, the issue with the location is that the weather can change with little warning, and damage can be suffered with consequences, so I'm going to study how to sufficiently plan elements of construction that include their performance and testing of suitable resilient materials and research from manufacturers data. Include these elements: * Robust steel frames *Durable weather Cladding *Weather tight Envelope. *Toughened windows. *Foundations. *Doors. *Walls, floors and roof. *Interior. Revise options for protecting windows and doors. System planning -energy and water Harness renewable energy resources to provide heating and electricity, and rainwater harvesting to use as a water source to run showers, drinking water and flushing toilets. Research rainwater catchment 3|P age
requirements related to roof area. Specify target performance to meet building water and energy requirements and estimate building energy and water use for appliances and equipment. Estimate water and energy use based on the type of building and number of occupants. Toilet facilities will need a septic tank. Determine the potential for wind and solar energy generation and solar thermal opportunities. The outcomes of results will aid the design of the roof and spatial arrangement of the design. I'm am going to try and collect data from ecotech analysis to calculate solar availability. Collect data from the green building studio to estimate carbon emissions to access the environmental impact to the air. Use location-specific weather data to better understand possibilities for renewable energy and pinpoint weather data of the building site using collections of hourly weather data. (Autodesk Website, 2014) Deliverables: Research and final report 4OO0 Words. Design stage- Create 3D Massing elements using Google Sketch Up, I'm going to use Revit architecture to establish building space requirements and explore floor area allocation and zoning include mass elements of renewable resources and services , and create a BIM Model to use for perspective views and elevations. Also to create a structural frame .Lighting plan. Using Autocad Architecture for sections, Elevations and Construction details. A1 sheets on mounting board. Data analysis- I'm going to use Ecotect Analysis, and The Green Building Studio. Present data in a report. Possibly present a physical model. 3DS Max rendered model. Presentation Project Management (Programme of work) Phase zero- Look at work from similar projects. Phase 0ne -Gather Information on site conditions and climate conditions, and site history. Phase two- Prepare Research for report. Phase three- Sketch ideas. Prepare floor plans spatial arrangement information. Site plan. Room Requirements. Google sketch up model. Phase Four- prepare Research of manufacturers Data. Phase five- Write final project report. Phase six-Produce BIM Model.A1 Sheets Phase seven-Detail Building, Construction details, sections and elevations.A1 Sheets Phase eight- Analyse system Data. Phase nine: Prepare data report and social economic report Phase Ten - Prepare work for presentation Phase eleven- Rehearse presentation Phase twelve - Make physical model. Phase thirteeen-3D Renderings on A1 mounting board.
Appendix Reference in Text Franz Knoll, Thomas Vogel 2009 Geoffry Maksutis 2010 Autodesk Website 2014 Bibliography Alan J Brookes 1998 Cladding of buildings 3rd edition Antonio Terranova, Gianpaola spirito, Sabrina leone, Leone spita. 2008 Forms of sustainable architecture. David Littlefeild Metric Handbook Planning and designing data 4th edition David Pearson 2005 In search of natural Architecture. Deo Prosad and Mark Snow 2013 designing with solar power. 4|P age
Franz Knoll Thomas Vogel 2009 Design for Robustness Structural engineering Document 11. Geoffry Maksutis ,2010, Architecture. Henry Plummer 2009 The architecture of Natural Light. Herbert G Kariel, Dianne Draper 1992 Geojournal, Outdoor Recreation in Mountains Jack Stroud Foster, Roger Greeno 2007 Structure and fabric part1 7th edition. John Tillman Lyle 1994 Regenerative Design for Sustainable Development. Lori Ryder 2005 Off the Grid Modern home and alternative energy. PA Ryan, RP Wolstenholme, DM Howell 1994 Durability of cladding. Philip Jodidio 2013 Architecture Now 5 Phillip Jodidio 2009 100 Contemporary Architects Ruth Slavid 2009 Extreme Architecture, Building for challenging environments.
Websites: www.stormrooms.us www.stromtech.com www.vaughnconcrete products.com http://wn.com/LlynIdwal. http://highlands scrambelerwordpress .com www.buildings .com/how to protect your building from extreme weather http://uk.pinterest.com/tamyn barnet/stormshelter/ www.dailymail.co.uk inside-remote-mountain-hotel-arguably-best-view-world-quest-stay-free html. www.countryside council for wales cwm idwal Can project http://www.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2004/mwp002.htm http://www.ccgc.gov.uk/enjoying-the-country/communities-and-naturee/projects cwm http://www.ccgc.gov.uk/enjoying-the-country/communities-and-naturee/aim-and-objectives
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FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT DESIGN PROJECT ARC 601 MOUNTAIN FACILITY/SHELTER FOR CLIMBERS "A Gateway to the Glyderau Mountains, Devils kitchen." ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY LEVEL 6 WRITTEN BY KEI LITTLE 2015.
A Robust building construction in a remote location in North Wales. The environment is at high altitude the location is remote and the design is innovated. A low impact building in a conservation area using sustainable resources. The aim is to improve energy performance and facilitate the delivery of good design through the planning system.
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Table of Contents
Page Numbers Cover Page Table of contents Table of Images
1.1 1.2 2.1 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 5.1 6.1
Aim Purpose and Objective. The Way Forward. The relevance of the approved documents to assist in the assessment of unconventional buildings that have low impact. Room Requirements and importance. Use and investment into re-generation of the design. Interpretation of the mountain shelter: Research from other projects. Research: Insights from Sophie Loschert and Peter Zumoth). Research: More Insights from Peter Zumoth. Research: Insights from Pascal Flammer. Research: Insights from Marte Architekten. Research: Insights from DRN Architects. Research: Insights from HUBA Michal Holcer, Maslgorzata Blachnicka). Research: More Insights from HUBA. Research: Insights into the mountain Crystal. Conclusion - Feedback of the research. What to gain from the use of different building materials Living Condition and lifestyle APPENDIX Impute on using a Geometric design version.
1 2 3 4 5-6 6-7 7 8-9 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13-14 15-17 17-18 19-29 19
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Insight from James Renwick
British standards
19 19 20 21 21 21 21 22 22-23
10
References in text
23
11 12
Bibliography
24 24-29
Mobius structure Tessellation 3D Tessellation Fractals Maths and Architecture Algorithm Closing Statement
Websites
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Table of Images
Source
Page Number
Image 1:
Location map, Google Image.
5
Image 2:
Sophie Loschert and peter zumoth works, Google Image.
10
Image 3:
Work of peter Zumoth, Google Image.
10
Image 4:
Works of Pascal Flammer, Google Image.
11
Image 5:
The Works of Marte Architekten, Google Image.
11
Image 6:
The works of DRN Architects, Google Image.
12
Image 7:
Huba - warmers hut, Google Image.
13
Image 8:
The Mountain Crystal, Google Image.
13
Image 9: Image 10:
Successful unconventional innovation, Google Image. Japanese mountain retreat By Architect Shin Oheri, Google Image Mobius strip 3d Cubes and Mobius building concept, Google Image.
14-15 18
Image 12:
Mobius strip Design, Google Image.
20
Image 13:
Example of tessellation federation square Melbourne/Lab Architects studio of London, Google Image.
20
Barcelona Endessa Pavilion, Google Image. Fractal Gas Station Makeover, Google Image
20 22
Image 11:
Title:
19-20
MOUNTAIN FACILITY/SHELTER FOR CLIMBERS "A Gateway to the Glyderau Mountains, Devils kitchen."
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1.1 Aim, purpose and Objectives. The aim is to generate an income for the Welsh economy and bring an increased economic growth by capitalizing on the areas natural beauty and geological environmental qualities, particularly in the mountains but also in its landscape, wildlife and flora. This will also be an innovated way of enabling welsh residents and visitors to Cwm Idwal to benefit from the opportunities. This is also associated with promoting outdoor activities in Wales and boost its economy by giving an increase to the length, volume and value of visits to Wale's countryside by enhancing and improving this natural site and nature reserve. The National Trust, Snowdonia National Park and CCW all co-operate in managing Cwm Idwal and the provision of information. The area is served by the S6 bus service, which runs along the A5 between Bangor and Betws y Coed. The A5 passes Llyn Ogwen, within just half-akilometre of Cwm Idwal
This creates the opportunity for rock climbing clubs, and expedition tours in rock climbing to use the facility in collaboration with trained instructors to provide their expertise and to supervise climbers to give them a climbing experience in Wales. The opportunities are there for climbers to improve their skills through the development of a new infrastructure built with a unique sense of architecture that will make a low impact on this green site. Opportunity to explore the most perfect hanging valley in Snowdonia, its rock ledges and hanging gardens. Sustainability will be one of the parameters of the construction. The construction creates jobs through enterprise. Operational strategies are needed to reduce the negative environmental impact per visitor. The risk is to spoil the location, so by investing in resources the area can benefit by adding to the value of these surroundings. There are also volunteer opportunities for the up-keep of the facility and its paths and boundaries. Training can be given for jobs in the sustainability of the natural environment. This has to promote the improvement of the natural environment and provide employment and generate an income. This can also be a hub for community and volunteer engagement in the environment. There is parking at a small car park at Ogwen and Public toilets. Level of difficulty is Medium for walking from the car park, paths are Well-defined paths, crossing 2 stiles. The landscape is a high mountainous rocky area.
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Images 1: Location map, Google Image. 1.2 The way forward. Site orientation and zoning restrictions seem to always be enough to narrow down the options, but also they can be the very same elements that make the design lack flare or innovation and be like another building seen elsewhere before. This is an innovative project unique to its origins. When the parameters of a project of this nature get too restrictive and strongly dictated innovative ideas are refused or stifled. The floor plan, location, zoning, room sizes and also orientation based on the views are experimental, and the design is unconventional or non-traditional but what can be seen as modern or cutting edge. Concept drawings are worked on principally, conceived through the research of like-minded ideas. The construction details will be primary concern this is the area where even through careful consideration and polished concept sketches mistakes will be made with a knock on effect the principality is to learn from other
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architects and use their ideas and methods. Convention in detailing has to be ascertained but the form will be different from everyday design. The design will be geometric and will hug the ground. The Plan is to includes creating a small warming hut to accommodate other climbers not in conjunction with people in the main facility and also an area for people who intend to camp. Canoeing on the lake will be a new activity people can take part in and a canoe hut down by the lake that will store canoes is also in the planning. The theme of all three is geometric and unconventional or a modern take on traditional methods, Lots can go wrong with this project as materials are designed to fit traditional buildings, and building regulations amend buildings in a modern traditional way that is more ideal for most buildings of traditional origins. Thermal applications of solar energy have long since been recognised. The potential of sunlight being direct and diffused, in saving electrical energy by reducing the need for artificial lighting. 2.1 The relevance of the approved documents to assist in the assessment of unconventional buildings that have low impact: This building will have to comply with building regulations (welsh assembly Government 2010). All relevant aspects of construction, provision of services and related items comply with schedule 1 of the building act 1984. This is usually achieved by accepted methods outlined in the approved documents (Trickor & Alford, 2012). The Welsh government research drew attention to the limitations of the approved documents and considered them inappropriate to access low impact development. So I must consider using design in the most rational way or method and on terms with building regulations and in compliance with schedule 1.The building act 1984 allows for prescribed classes of buildings to be exempted from building regulations. (Ian McIver) This is in no way is a self-built facility. This is not a low cost infrastructure, money will be spent on materials and methods that are approved. Associated costs put the fundamental viability of low impact development into question. The Welsh Government has implemented a policy to approve low impact development in the open countryside. This would be an opportunity to use a stunning location for a profitable well designed facility. The problem will be building without roads but not as much of a problem as it is not far from the A5 Road. Getting materials to site again is difficult but manageable by 4x4 vehicle and trailer. It’s about the location and the experience. This project invests in technology and infrastructure development. Severe weather requires robust, collaborative planning between the Welsh Government and the public and private sectors in Wales. Aim is to improve the energy performance of buildings in Wales through the Building Regulations. This will help Wales move towards zero carbon and near zero carbon energy buildings by 2020. Improving energy efficiency in Wales is a major challenge, but the opportunity for Wales is immense.2012 Wales’s government has changes to Part L – the Conservation of Fuel and Power - of the Building Regulations and changes to the Approved Documents. 2012 There is an effort in tourism to re-energise
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the sector with a fresh collaborative approach.2013 -2014. The Sustainable Development Indicators for Wales are used to measure progress made on key issues and priority areas outlined in the Welsh Government’s statutory Sustainable Development scheme ‘One Wales: One Planet’ 2014. Wales wants your views on how they can support their national planning policy on design and facilitate the delivery of good design through the planning system. 2015.(welsh assembly Government )
3.1 Room Requirements and importance.
Room requirements-
Approximate Room Area24
Importance for views scale of 1/10. 7
Communal/Recreation area.
36
9
A Lazy Lounge.
24
8
Tec room/office.
12
5
Bedroom/Bunkrooms.x2
24
6
First Aid Room.
12
1
Equipment store.
8
3
Laundry Room.
8
0
4
2
Toilets male/female.x2
4
2
Plant Rooms Wet/Dry.
4
0
Entrance Lobby/mud room.
12
4
Circulation space.
20% Of total floor area.
6
Kitchen/Dining-food prep area.
Showers male/female.x2
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3.2 Use and investment into re-generation of the design. The future is sometimes uncertain and the design could be adaptable for perhaps educational or scientific use (Possibly a weather station) or public accommodation or even a visitor’s centre. Careful spatial arrangement of the rooms so they can be reconfigured is an option to improve the success of the project. A strategy for giving each room/space a designation to possibly allocate each space to a different use.
Room requirementsKitchen/Dining Same. -food prep area.
Re-use for Re-use for Re-use for scientific educational visitors centre. use. learning. Lunch room Kitchen
Communal/Rec Same. reation area.
Class room
cafe
A Lazy Lounge.
Tech room.
Assembly room
shop
Tec room/office.
Equipment room.
Office
Office
Bedroom/Bunk same rooms.x2
Same
Information Room.
First Aid Room.
same
Same
Same.
Equipment store.
Equipment room.
Same
Store Room
Laundry Room.
Same. Same.
Same
Same.
Toilets male/female.
Same.
Same.
Same.
Plant Rooms Wet/Dry.
Same.
Same.
Same.
Showers male/female.x2
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Entrance Lobby/mud room.
Same.
Same.
Same.
Circulation space.
Same.
Same.
Same.
4.1 Interpretation of the mountain shelter: Research from other projects. Looking into typical characteristics of mountain shelters and looking into ideas that help decide how to approach the design for each element of the shelter. Searching for information and trying to learn design flare, by implicating ideas from other projects and learning how to use elements to help guide my imagination, and learn where to focus and understand where to pay special attention borrowing ideas and evaluating the comparative success of the projects. The project is in two halves, design being the first half the other half is finding ways to generate energy and choosing materials to be used and to provide necessary sanitations to gain new ideas of functional, aesthetic and technological solutions. I'm looking at successfully delivered projects. The research reflects all the ideas intended for the mountain facility. 4.2 Insight: Mountain shelters aesthetically don't have to look according to an out dated Stereo type of the log cabin with a projecting Pitched roof. It was typically alpine huts that cowherds took shelter in during summer months that provided a model for that type of typical chalet construction. It was Industrial pre fabrication of individual sections and conservative building regulations that subsequently led to a uniformity for the design and style. The log dwelling has lost its connection and its predecessor is now more modest and kitsch. It is said that recent mountain dwellings pick up on traditional building methods without the sentimentality. Although living in a wooden house has a vision of a more intimate home in the mountains. Pre fabrication is now considered a better method. (Sophie Loschert, peter Zumoth). (www.architronic.com.)
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Image 2: Sophie Loschert and peter zumoth works, Google Image.
4.3 Insight: Peter Zumoth’s wooden deigns in Leis are structured in block like units, with full height windows that offer generous views out. Shiny modern new buildings don't share their materials with weather worn log cabins that turn black with age. His designs have flexible layouts and individual rooms. This relates to my project in the way to use the idea of skilfully arranging the rooms to provide a whole range of rooms that are provided with a range of views and use floor to ceiling windows.( Peter Zumoth). , www.architronic.com
Image 3: Work of peter Zumoth, Google Image.
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4.4 Insight: Pascal Flammer combines a regional style with a modern formal idiom, a peculiar or distinct style unpredictable and not the usual. Some designs are remarkably, creating new interpretations of traditional, with a new sense of a special character. (Pascal Flammer). www.architronic.com.
Image 4: Works of Pascal Flammer, Google Image. 4.5 Insight: From the view of the character and aesthetics a concrete construction speaks a notion of protection in the traditional sense. In terms of form and as a material concrete is taking new directions, by deliberately opting to use concrete the designer can achieve the abstract, and sculptural form of building. Supporting columns can be positioned to capture panoramic views located around the site from different angles. A complex inter play of exterior and interior space is possible, using concrete forms for creating new interiors that reflect, against the more visual exterior. An impression you get from a distance is the building can appear closed from its surroundings and void in the landscape or a sculptural object or like a rock in the landscape. You can also uses shutters to secure the windows and doors this locksdown the building for security, and also changing its appearance when it is not being used. ( Marte Architekten). www.architronic.com.
Images 5: The Works of Marte Architekten, Google Image.
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4.6 Insight: The occupants need to be protected from the elements. The function of the steel columns and beams can be made deliberately visible in the interior of the building to divide up the space as a reminder of their massive presence and is an indication of the loads they can carry. Immense snow means the steel framework of upper floors has to resist heavy loads. (DRN Architects) Small windows can also offer a view of very specific parts of the landscape. The Facility serves as a protective space and platform for providing views. A project by DRN opted for a cube form, but ingeniously managed to break it down into different elements. Glass walled rooms opened up the space. It has been suggested that modern designs should have playful elements. (DRN architects). Glazed elevations at both ends of the building highlighted the openness and character of the building. The natural setting is skilfully integrated with the interior by windows and openings. The sense that the building protects you from the cold, wet, wind and snow is represented and not forgotten in a remote mountainous landscapes. (DRN Architects.) www.architronic.com.
Images 6: The works of DRN Architects, Google Image. 4.7 Insight: HUBA managed to create a dynamic interior by using a structure formed by intersecting planes, without using traditional right angles they created a very unconventional structure but on a smaller scale than my project. Small windows run along the side sometimes not at right angles with narrow strips streaming in natural light. This shelter only provides resting spaces for four people and I want to accommodate ten, what's interesting is there is two hanging bed s hidden in the wall. There is a built in water heater. (HUBA Michal Holcer, Maslgorzata Blachnicka). www.adventure-journal.com 4.8 Insight: The HUBA mountain shelter is a compact futuristic version of a warming hut, I want to also have a warming hut close to the shelter. Its clear lines and futuristic angles won it a prize it is unlocked using a cell phone and is powered by a wind turbine. The HUBA building put trust in the users having it available for public use.
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Images 7: Huba - warmers hut, Google Image. 4.9 Insight: The nicknamed mountain crystal is clad in a silver aluminium shell with a photovoltaic system installed integrated in its southern facade. It generates its own power and is 90% energy efficient and very remote. Mountain crystal www.holcimfoundation.org
Image 8: The Mountain Crystal, Google Image. 4.10 Conclusion - Feedback of the research: Design is based on what you can see and also what you don't see, views and spatial arrangement is something people want to come an experience and feel generally not considered a necessity by all designers but what’s greatly looked at as necessary is the detail and construction this is true in a sense that things can’t and shouldn’t go wrong. Mistakes on that level means no-one benefits. Each designer had a method and a reason of their choice of construction. Deciding on what’s needed inclusively, includes for the shelters function, and for the project when the design and the form emerges. Choosing the right position and angles to start from, then the use of the shape can emerge and the form manifests into a plan for both the floor plan and for the elevations. From research in the form that other projects were made and idea behind reinterpretation of some traditional methods similar projects can be made into a new idiom. Then the sketches reach the stage that
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CAD can start the modelling process, the next move forward is always based on what has been learn from previous projects and then into a 3D model. This is an experimental way of architectural design but can work from the understanding behind the reason for the further thinking of the technique of buildings used in the research. Designs of the architects, have used wood, concrete steel and aluminium. There is a type of steel that when you use it the metal cladding starts to have the appearance of wood because it rusts creating a pattern that can look like treated wood. What has also been learned is using concrete to create unconventional forms but how robust are all the materials that have become possibilities s this has to be a standalone storm shelter. The risk with the design is that structural integrity in complex forms and the unity of a stick frame. Possibly cables can be used to support the frame of the building. Research highlighted some very clever designs and unconventional thinking, the reason for all the research was to know the possibilities and reasons behind being different and a reason behind individuality and the scope for a new and different building. This has given some possibilities and takes on design that needs to be planned well to incorporate a design that uses there thinking and take on design, and learn materials to understand how components come together as they would in a geometric form or as a take on traditional methods. I have three opportunity’s to use the methods I researched I want to take what I’ve learned and us it in three ways, the first method is for the main facility, second method is for the canoe shed and the third method for a warmers hut which uses a modern entry method to make available at all times and secure. Provide a space for camping next to the main site, that can share in the facilities of the main shelter. Research into previous projects create s ideas on appearance but decisions to use new technology and to grasp modern concepts to use in the implementation and development of the facility based on real needs and global needs by using alternative energy sources. This is an opportunity to look at areas of architecture in a new way and come up with new solutions where possible. Unconventional buildings are fascinating examples of architecture put together as images, to show some successful, distinguished unconventional building structures.
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Images 9: Successful unconventional innovation, Google Image. 5.1 What to gain from the use of different building materials For convenience of design the large structure can be broken up into different elements, different to the type of function they perform. A good material to work with in design is wood it is important to emphasise the texture of the wood revealing its tones textures feel and touch, and use its thickness or thinness for an interior or exterior. Timbre needs to be graded as C24.The use of ungraded timbre in structural elements is not accepted. In a traditional design timbre is used to exposĂŠ its frame. There is a degree of standardised, but the can be a wide variation in quality. Large sections, of smaller of smaller timbers can be glued together to form laminated beams. This location does not need a brick masonry building it does not fit the location and will not be an option. However blocks can be used if rendered or covered. Building with stone and using the crystalline composition of stone its weight and hardness makes it a good material structurally has a rough finish however it is not easy to get a flat even surface because of its uneven surface. Stone can be more refined by linear cutting and polishing. Timbre performs better in fire than steel as it it a low conductor of heat. Concrete would give me more freedom for modelling unconventional angles. Using a steel frame gives opportunity for material that are used to clad for protection. Aluminium can be used by producing sections of aluminium that are welded together the advantage is that this method provides both a waterproof shell and the structural elements combine as one material, The range of aluminium finishes include includes anodising, texturing, metallic(zinc) and plastic(Polyester or PVC) coatings. The code of practice for aluminium sheet roofing and wall covering, CP 143 Part5:1973 is current. Self-supporting aluminium sheet is described in BS EN 508-2:2008 give s examples of profiles for sheets and standard coatings. The standard BS EN 507:2000 gives the specification for fully supported sheet aluminium roofing. Some forms fail structurally in fire at quite low temperatures but it has good qualities for fire spread.
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Windows can be used, created from toughened laminated glass and used together with other materials so they can form an unconventional building shape, not always at right angles, and not always flat. Laminated glass is produced by bonding two layers of glass with a layer of acrylic resin the result is the glass won’t shatter on impact and remains intact less risk of injury or failure. Glass is spectacular in modern architecture and can be incorporated as a structural material in a number of ways. The international standards for the design of edge supported glass is rangy BS 6262 -1 2005 Glazing for buildings, General methodology for the selection of glazing is the current British standard. A more detailed view on the glazing parts of the standard BS 6262 information in the following aspects of glazing for buildings in codes of practice: BS6262-2 Code of practice for energy, light and sound. BS6262-3 Code of practice for fire, security and wind loading. BS6262-4 Code of practice for safety related to human impact. The prime function of a window is as much to provide a view as too illuminate the interior. If you draw a straight line that passes through a window opening then the object attached to that line will be visible. If all views are not positioned along that line it is necessary to change or alter the shape or position of the window. As occupants move around the indoor end of the line will move around with them a good view from the back of the room is harder to achieve. Optimise the window position to choose desirable objects the choice of views will have to be made consciously and deliberately. Try not to interrupt views by the window head height. The opportunity for the climbers to watch fellow climbers performing there climb certain climbing areas will have to be recognised and planned, that will make the experience a whole lot better. The importance for views above and below will mean to determine the right shape for the windows. Infrastructure can cause un-wanted soil erosion and can structurally cause problems if the weight of materials is too heavy. BS 648 Schedule of weights of building materials. Placing the shelter on stilts concentrating the loads on pads that stand above the ground level avoids the building slipping sideways. Suggest using weather resistant steel a structural steel alloyed with a small proportion of copper, which together with other alloying constituents has the effect of making the natural rust adhere tenaciously to the surface to prevent further loss by spalling. The design detailing of weathering steel (Cor -Ten) must ensure that rainwater run off does not cause staining to the adjacent materials particularity the use made of the concrete and the glass during the first few years of exposure to rain. Has the appearance of the Welsh soil or the rock. BS 7668:2004 and BS EN 10025-5:2004 Weather resistant steel.
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The purpose in doing something a little differently is also to interpret the way we put architecture together. But the significance is the structural integrity and form in the way it is done. The toughest part will be a structural system to explore the unconventional form and the way it will resist loads exerted on it. The Point load method applies to rectangles and right angles this project will be using some angles not at right angles to achieve the design and the common sense of point loading will change, this change is necessary to rethink modern thinking and take on traditional design methods in a new way and, rethink the type of location and setting and what is required. Mountain environments can produce unpredictable intense weather changes and storms dramatically occur, and sudden localised changes are unpredictable. I will take weather data from this site to show how the weather is always changing this will affect the way to choose what materials to build with. Wind direction and speeds change and are turbulent. Pressure changes and loads can increase and rain can penetrate the envelope, however the rain can be harvested and re-used. Drafts and water penetration needs to be avoided and ambient temperatures need to be maintained. What is the maximum area of glazing possible using toughened glass or triple glazing to make glazed walls or floor to ceiling windows needs to be ascertained to maximise on the views. The weather resistant steel that will be used because this is an exposed building structure and will be used also as a cladding material. Make sure no water or damp debris gets trapped to prevent continuing corrosion in these locations. Each element can be emphasised by material cladding in the form of wooden panels, metal panels and concrete. Loading assessments are calculated by a structural engineer that relates to accurate assessment of loading.. 6.1 Living Conditions and Lifestyle This building will need to be well-insulated to reduce the need for heating, and solar gain will be used to generate warmth, generating electricity will be down to using wind and solar energy. Research into sustainable resources to use manufacturer’s recommendations will give me the best methods to use. If the mountain crystal, a successful application to unconventional building amendments, is only 90% energy efficient, there is no chance of the mountain facility being a 100 percent efficient on energy, so there needs to be a generator to back up the system to give power and electricity when needed. If it is possible to maintain toilet facilities at the top of Snowdon, it is possible to provide toilets at the foot of the Glyderau Mountains. The same ambience is required here as in any other facility for living in. Temperature s need to be maintained and hot water needs to be available always, this is going to have low impact on its surroundings and generate most of its own power. Consideration of
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the concerns of the building occupants for providing comfort and shelter and the heat transfer process that takes place within the building, its surroundings and the external climate. Air temperature is the main parameter for thermal comfort. Consider the sick building syndrome. Cooking can be done on wood burning stoves and using visitors own camping stoves expensive technology is not needed in the kitchen. This is not like natural buildings that rely more on human labour more than technology, but the design still must make use of its environment. Shin oheri retreat is not your ordinary mountain shelter shin oheri wants his visitors to camp while using traditional lodge elements in his design you feel like partially roughing it but with modern amenities, tent are use all year round a rustic stove is used to keep warm and for cooking camping style.
Images 10: Japanese mountain retreat By Architect Shin Oheri, Google Image.
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APPENDICES Impute on using a Geometric design version. For Conventional buildings there are a variety of shapes used to design buildings that can be combined to modify a single shape repeated and then repeated in combinations. Rectangles are frequent in design in various shape and volume and you find triangles used in the roof and the windows are adding variety. The shape changes by lengthening the lines on the sides. Circles often used to decorate or for windows are contrasting with squares and Rectangles. Curves can be added into openings to structurally support elements or used in walls, roofs, columns and windows. The simple triangle is a familiar polygon very good to use for framework of the design a rigid shape that cannot change if pressure is applied. Excellent support for structures. Any side to the rectangle is a base consecutive sides of the rectangle are perpendicular the shape has a point loads over its surface. Insight from James Renwick: The area and space is a primary concern this is what you have to work with. Most interiors are rectilinear my thinking is an interior that curves and has straight lines at angles and possible fractals, nature elements. Some geometric forms have symbolic significance a square represents integrity a triangle structural integrity. It was the geometric form that gave Frank Lloyd Wright works a consistent systematic quality. By adding thickness and ascertaining what sculptural means the square becomes the cube the triangle the tetrahedron a circle the sphere. Modifying the square with a triangle gave the hexagon a circle modified by straight lines gave shapes like the Octagon. Nature provides geometric forms. Designers begin usually by playing with building blocks that support the building then decide on a stick frame. Too build more complex shapes from geo metric forms is more difficult but shows more individuality. James Renwick Jr Smithsonian Architect (http://www.froebelweb.org). Mobius structure Other Geo metric shapes to consider comes from the Mobius Structure made from cubes, Difficult to explain look at the picture and see how the 3d cubes interlock and the shape they use.
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Images 11: Mobius strip 3d Cubes and Mobius building concept, Google Image.
Images 12:Mobius strip Design, Google Image. Tessellation: Tessellation can be added to brick work for patternation but another application of tessellation in the treatment of the faรงade, instead of rectangular building blocks to clad the exterior surface you can vary the shape of the building blocks. This creates designs like Daniel Libeskinds that have interesting tiling patterns
on the building's faรงade.
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Images 13: Example of tessellation federation square Melbourne/Lab Architects studio of London, Google Image. 3D Tessellation; Using 3d tessellation blocks and interlocking spaces and principles to form my own tessellation building, the glass panels can then form tessellated glazed walls where I could use a diamond pattern on the façade with cladding forming the same shape as in the glass. Alter the tessellation blocks incorporating the Mobius block theory, and create the sculptural shape without using a true right angle except on the ground. Tessellation is a new world of attention to detail, lines intersecting not at right angles and windows as part of the tessellation. Fractals: Fractural architecture is the idea of building using forms of nature in harmony with the surroundings. Sustainable designs that integrate and balance the human geometries and the natural ones. There is a bridge between fractal geometry and architectural design. A way to introduce fractals would be to say fractals are concepts that feature within recent developments in design, giving it its current status, started only through recent development s in architecture. The main focus has been mainly to focus on the attributes and the dedication to create fractal patterns for the aesthetic purpose, though some designers works, can relate it to a view that fractal geometry can be used in structural design and framework that is now the current status, but its origins are through complex forms always found in architecture. Though it is natural to assume that fractal geometry can play a role in developing new forms of design in sustainable architecture and building design. Xiaoshu Lu, Derek Clements, Croomemartii Viljanen 2012. www. Maths and Architecture: There is a link with maths and architecture that goes back to ancient times when both disciplines were virtually undistinguishable. Pyramids and temple bring early examples of the principles of math at work. In both conventional and unconventional design math features predominantly in design. The challenge is not only going to be the measurements, although measurements are an integral element in design, but in revising and using a suitable geo-metric design. By using modern technology the facility will represent a new form something similar to the way other individuals from sources researched have designed. All the research is in unconventional design. Alison Nastasi 2012 (http://flavourwire.com). Algorithm: This incorporates some solar algorithm intinunity and wizardry and is something for me to attempt. The architect used mathematical algorithm to alter the buildings cubic geometry –This is something to consider as it is based on solar inclination and proposed orientation. However algorithms like this need the right computer programme, needs research. The movement of the sun was tracked on site and the building optimal form was calculated for the particular location, this is
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something in the brief of this project.
Images 14: Barcelona Endessa Pavilion, Google Image. Closing Statement: To end the report on the words of Stanislaz Roudavski. “Expect that complex, non-uniform structures will become increasingly common in architecture in response to the growing utilization of parametric modelling, fabrication and mass-customization. New challenges and opportunities that the designing of such structures brings are without direct precedents in architecture.� (Stanislaz Roudavski. International journal of architectural computing).
Bibliography of British standards Loading BS 648: Schedual of weights of building materials Timbre BS5268-2:2002. Structural use of timber. Code of practice fro eprmissable stress design,materials and workmanship. Concrete BS EN 206-1: 2000. Concrete. Specification, performance, production and conformity. BS8500-1:2006. Concrete. Complementry British Standrds to BS EN 206-1. Method of specifying and guidance for the specifyer. BS 8110-1:1997 Structural use of concrete. Code of practice for design and construction. Steel
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BS 5950-1:2000, Structural use of steelwork in building. Foundations BS 8004:1986. Code of practice for foundations. References in Text: Welsh assembly Government 2010. Trickor & Alford, 2012 Ian McIver Sophie Loschert, peter Zumoth. (www.architronic.com. Peter zumoth www.architronic.com Pascal Flammer www.architronic.com. Marte Architekten). www.architronic.com. DRN Architects www.architronic.com. HUBA Michal Holcer, Maslgorzata Blachnicka). www.adventure-journal.com Mountain crystal www.holcimfoundation.org James Renwick Jr Smithsonian Architect http://www.froebelweb.org). Xiaoshu Lu, Derek Clements, Croomemartii Viljanen 2012 www. Alison Nastasi 2012 (http://flavourwire.com). (Stanislaz Roudavski. International journal of architectural computing). Bibliography Alan J Brookes 1998 Cladding of buildings 3rd edition Antonio Terranova, Gianpaola spirito, Sabrina leone, Leone spita. 2008 Forms of sustainable architecture. David Littlefeild Metric Handbook Planning and designing data 4th edition David Pearson 2005 In search of natural Architecture. Deo Prosad and Mark Snow 2013 Designing with solar power. Franz Knoll Thomas Vogel 2009 Design for Robustness Structural engineering Document 11. Geoffry Maksutis ,2010, Architecture.
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Henry Plummer 2009 The architecture of Natural Light. Herbert G Kariel, Dianne Draper 1992 Geojournal, Outdoor Recreation in Mountains Jack Stroud Foster, Roger Greeno 2007 Structure and fabric part1 7th edition. John Tillman Lyle 1994 Regenerative Design For Sustainable Development. Lori Ryder 2005 Off the Grid Modern home and alternative energy. PA Ryan, RP Wolstenholme, DM Howell 1994 Durability of cladding. Philip Jodidio 2013 Architecture Now 5 Phillip Jodidio 2009 100 Contemporary Architects Ruth Slavid 2009 Extreme Architecture, Building for challenging environments.
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DEVILS KITCHEN CLIMBERS HOSTEL Presentation
SOUTHAMPTON SOLENT UNIVERSITY KEI LITTLE STUDENT NO Q09852344
Kei Little Student NO: Q09852344 DEVILS KITCHEN CLIMBERS HOSTEL CWM IDWAL WALES Presentation / Building Requirements report: 1.1 Means of escape and other fire precaution requirements for a HMO occupied as a shared house that is no more than 2 storeys Make sure exit/entrance is not via a risk room e.g. lounge or kitchen. 1.1.1 Fire Detection To give early warning of fire there should be provided a fire detection and alarm system in the premises to British Standard 5839-Part 6: 2004 Grade D type LD2 system. This system is primarily for the protection of life. Areas to be covered: 1. Heat detectors – Kitchens 2. Smoke detectors – Escape route at all levels, lounge and any basement/cellar 1.1.2 Automatic Fire Detection (AFD) system Provision of any form of AFD system requires specialist advice to design and install the system. In general terms, the installation of a „mixed grade‟ AFD system, in accordance with BS 5839 Part 6 is required. AFD systems are designed to provide the earliest possible warning of fire within a letting or the common parts. 1.1.3 Emergency lighting Conventional artificial lighting is required. The requirement for emergency lighting should be based on a risk assessment taking account of travel distances and/or complex layout. 1.1.4 Escape Route Requirement for full 30 minute protection but escape route should have sound traditional construction and not pass through a risk room. Requirement for fire doors and sound close fitting conventional doors. Alternatively, suitable escape windows from bedrooms and living rooms NB: where construction standards poor, travel distances long or other high risk factors, 30 min protected route required.
1.1.5 Fire Separation Requirement for additional fire protection, walls and floors should be of sound traditional construction. 1.1.6 Fire Safety Signs Requirement: Notices must be used, where necessary, to provide the following: • Instructions on how to use any fire safety equipment; • The actions to be taken in the event of fire; and • help for the fire and rescue service (e.g. location of sprinkler valves or electrical cut-off switches). All signs and notices should be positioned so that they can be easily seen and understood. 1.1.7 Fire Fighting Equipment Fire Blanket in Kitchen, simple Multiple Fire Extinguisher in hallways recommended and above stairs. 1.1.8 Surfaces and floor Coverings Refer to 5.4.5 of Document G 1.1.9 Management Recommend that all doors are kept closed at night. 1.1.10 Furniture and Furnishings (Fire)(Safety) Regulations 1998 (amended 1989 & 1993) Furniture and furnishings supplied in conjunction with the accommodation must Comply with specified levels of fire resistance. 1.1.11 Fire resistant doors 30 minute fire resistant doors are required on all doors opening onto the protected route. They should be provided with: Intumescent strips and cold smoke seals, to prevent the passage of smoke. A self-closing device (except on cupboard doors) A lock (for example, thumb turn) which does not require a key to open the door from
the inside, to allow escape in the event of a fire. (These standards are only applicable to houses where the main route of exit/entry is not via a risk). 1.1.12 Schematic plan In order to quickly determine where a fire has been detected, you should consider displaying a schematic plan showing fire alarm zones in a multi-zoned system adjacent to the control panel. 1.1.13 Manual call points Manual call points, often known as ‘breakglass’ call points, enable a person who discovers a fire to immediately raise the alarm and warn other people in the premises of the danger. 1.1.14 Escape time In the event of a fire, it is important to evacuate people as quickly as possible from the premises. Escape routes in a building should be designed so that people can escape quickly enough to ensure they are not placed in any danger from fire. The time available will depend on a number of factors, including, how quickly the fire is detected and the alarm raised, the number of escape routes available, the nature of the occupants and the speed of fire growth. You must inform non-employees, such as residents, temporary or contract workers, of the relevant risks to them, and provide them with information about who are the nominated competent persons, and about the fire safety procedures for the premises.
1.1.15 Emergency plans You need to have an emergency plan for dealing with any fire situation. The purpose of an emergency plan is to ensure that people know what to do if there is a fire and that the premises can be safely evacuated. Your emergency plan should be based on the outcome of your fire risk assessment and be available for your employees, their representatives (where appointed) and the enforcing authority. In simple premises the emergency plan may be no more than a fire action notice. In multi-occupied and more complex premises, the emergency plan will need to be more detailed and compiled only after consultation with other responsible people, e.g. owners, who have control over the building. In most cases this means that an emergency plan covering the whole building will be necessary. It will help if you can agree on one person to co-ordinate this task. You should minimise risk to people by considering: • Existing layout and construction; • Particular hazards in corridors and stairways used as escape routes; • insulated core panels; • restricting the spread of fire and smoke; • Arson; and • help for people with special needs. In hotels, boarding houses and similar premises, the nature of guests and their daily routine of coming and going will require you to develop adequate systems to manage the accumulation of waste and laundry. The movement of clean linen, old newspapers and spare or ‘put-me-up’ beds, should be controlled to ensure that the premises are left in a safe condition, e.g. by avoiding temporary or permanent storage in escape routes. Escape routes need to be maintained free from obstruction by items such as laundry, temporary storage of furniture, goods, materials, equipment, large displays and rubbish. In particular fire doors and final exits should be regularly inspected to make sure that they are openable and not obstructed. Seating areas should not be provided within escape routes and floor surfaces within escape routes should be maintainable, even and slip-resistant. 1.2 Resistance to sound Where separating walls or floors are subject to requirement E1 they should always be designed and constructed to provide reasonable resistance to sound even if they are not going to be subjected to testing. 1.3 HMO licensing Certain categories of HMO are required to hold a licence issued by the Council. The aim of the licensing scheme is to improve conditions and management within HMOs by ensuring:
Conditions within a HMO comply with the Council’s HMO standards Landlords and/or their agents are „fit and proper‟ persons as defined in the Housing Act 2004 Management arrangements for the HMO are appropriate. 1.4 What is a House in Multiple Occupation? The full definition of a House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) is found in sections 254 to 260 of the Housing Act 2004. In broad terms a HMO can be described as a building or part of building (flat) which is occupied by more than one household (which is defined as occupiers of the same family and includes spouses, cohabitees, same sex couples and any blood relative), where: At least one of the households shares or lacks access to a basic amenity* or; The building is fully converted into self-contained flats or studios and the conversion work does not comply with the standard of the 1991 Building Regulations and more than 1/3rd of the flats are rented. (*Basic amenities means a WC, personal washing facilities and cooking facilities).
1.5 General Whole Stair Lighting the staircase lighting should be such that the operation of a switch at any floor level operates the whole stairway lighting. This may be on a timing device. 1.6 Occupation Two tier bunk beds are permitted providing the ceiling height is greater than 3.1m and the permitted number above is not exceeded. 1.7 Guidance on taking measurements Irrespective of the floor area, consideration is given to the shape and usable living space within the room in determining whether it is suitable for occupation. 1.8 The food preparation/cooking/storage area must comply with the following: Floor covering must be hard wearing and washable There must be adequate mechanical ventilation provided to the kitchen area which should be extracted to the external air There must be artificial lighting sufficient to carry out normal activities within a kitchen area Kitchens provided in a separate room must be adequate in size, and in any case must not be less than 5.5m2 and be arranged to allow safe access and use Kitchen facilities must be suitably located to allow the occupants to adequately store, prepare and cook their food Kitchens must not be installed in any hallway, corridor or lobby. 1.9 Baths/showers A bath (minimum dimensions 1600mm x 700mm) or shower (minimum dimensions 800mm x 800mm) with constant and adequate supplies of hot and cold water, properly connected to the drainage system, not being more than one floor distant from each user, should be provided at a ratio of not less than one bath or shower per five persons, irrespective of age. 1.10 Each shower room/bathroom must be provided with the following: A tiled splash back (minimum 450mm high) to the bath If an over bath shower is provided then the adjacent walls should be fully tiled A fully tiled shower or the shower must be in a purpose built shower cubicle, with a suitable water resistant shower curtain or door to the cubicle Adequate heating, ventilation and artificial lighting A suitable and washable floor covering, sealed at its edges An appropriate door which is lockable and ensures privacy for the user Adequate size and layout with adequate space for drying and dressing.
1.11 WC and bath/shower facilities Two complete bathrooms may be provided each with a WC and bath/shower and a WC must be rd.
available in a 3 room. So a Minimum of 3 rooms. A separate WC in its own compartment must be provided, not being more than one floor distant from each user, and provided at a ratio of not less than one WC per five persons, irrespective of age. (Note: Any WC within a bathroom will not be included for counting purposes as there must be a separate WC compartment) Each WC (whether within its own compartment or within a bathroom) must have: Adequate ventilation and artificial lighting Adequate size and layout A suitable wash hand basin, minimum size 500mm x 600mm, provided with constant and adequate supply of hot and cold water and properly connected to the drainage system A tiled splash back (minimum 300mm high) shall be provided to the wash hand basin An appropriate door which is lockable and ensures privacy for the user Any door or window glazing must be obscured. 1.12 Kitchen/Dining: Facilities for the storage, preparation and cooking of food. Where dining facilities are provided within the same room, the size of the room must be sufficient to allow safe simultaneous practices of dining and preparation of food. Any shared kitchen(s) within the building shall preferably be on floor of occupation but in any event all such kitchens shall be not more than one floor distant from the majority of users and not more than two floors distant from any user. If sharing is to be permitted the organisation responsible must demonstrate that there is a need for sharing of amenities and that there is proper supervision/control and management at the property. Each shared kitchen shall be provided with a set of food preparation/cooking/storage facilities at a ratio of at least one set of facilities per five occupiers. There should be no more than two sets of facilities within a kitchen, situated not more than one floor distant from each user. Each set of facilities for the preparation, cooking and storage of food should Comprise the following: An oven, grill, and at least four hobs. Cookers must not be sited adjacent to exit doors A tiled surface as a cooker splash back; a lift-up cover to the appliance would be a suitable alternative A suitable sink and integral drainer (minimum size 1000mm x 500mm) set on a base unit. The sink is to be provided with constant and adequate supply of hot and cold water and properly connected to the drainage system. A tiled splash back (minimum 300 mm high) shall be provided to the sink and drainer A suitable worktop, in addition to the drainer - minimum size 1000mm x 600mm, and provided with a tiled splash back (minimum 300mm high)
Food storage should normally be provided in individual bedrooms but in certain circumstances food storage cupboards may be provided in the shared kitchen. If the food storage cupboard is provided in the kitchen it must be: 1. Exclusive to each household 2. Minimum size of 600mm x 500mm x 600mm 3. Secured against unauthorised access 4. The storage space below the sink unit cannot be used for food storage. 5. In addition to fridges provided in individual bedrooms, an additional fridge must be provided in the shared kitchen 6. Four (13 amp) electric sockets in the food preparation area. At least two of these sockets to be above worktop level. Cooking equipment should never be left unattended. There are approximately 8,000 chip pan fires every year.* In some premises, such as houses in multiple occupation and hostels, you should consider prohibiting the use of ‘open top chip pans’. Where guests/residents are allowed to use their own equipment, or in self-catering accommodation where facilities are provided, cooking should only take place in designated areas and guest/ residents should be advised how to prevent any fire risks. 1.13 Living rooms Communal living rooms should be of a minimum size 10m² which may serve up to a maximum of 8 persons. Properties with more than 8 residents should consult the department for further guidance. Irrespective of the floor area, consideration is given to the shape and usable living space within the room in determining whether it is suitable for occupation. 1.14 Space heating and hot water An adequate means of fixed space heating must be provided in all rooms, including common parts of the building, WC compartments and bathrooms, so that a constant temperature of at least 21°C can be maintained in sleeping rooms and bathrooms and at least 18°C in all other rooms. All heating sources must be provided with controls to allow the occupant’s to regulate the temperature within their unit of accommodation. The heating system to be of an adequate size for the room and/or building. There must be adequate structural thermal insulation to the building. Where space heating and hot water are provided centrally by the landlord, these services should be made available at all times. 1.15 Security Entry through the communal front door is the most common means of access for residential burglary. All insurance companies require key operated locks on all windows and British Standard door locks, otherwise they will not provide insurance cover.
1.16 Responsibilities of the manager: The manager must ensure that: The manager’s name, address and any telephone contact number is made available to each household in the HMO and these details must be clearly displayed in a prominent position in the HMO Each letting is in a clean condition at the beginning of any rental period and that the internal structure, fixtures/fittings/appliances, windows and mechanical ventilation are maintained in good repair and clean working order all common parts for example, staircases, passageways, corridors, halls, lobbies, entrances, balconies and steps are maintained in good and clean decorative repair, in a safe working condition and kept reasonably clear from obstruction Outbuildings, boundary walls, yards and fences are maintained in a good state of repair and clean condition. The garden must be kept in a safe and tidy condition The water supply is constant and not unreasonably interrupted and that the drainage system is maintained in good, clean and working condition Annual gas safety tests are carried out on all gas appliances within the HMO by a Gas Safe registered engineer, and evidence is supplied to support this if requested by the Council The electrical installation is inspected and tested at intervals not exceeding five years by a person qualified to undertake such inspection and testing, and evidence is supplied to support this if requested by the Council The gas or electricity supply, used by any occupier within the HMO, is not unreasonably interrupted All means of escape from fire, any automatic fire detection system and firefighting equipment are maintained in good working order and are kept free from obstruction All reasonable steps are taken to protect the occupiers of the HMO from injury, ensuring structural safety within the HMO, and that windows set close to or at floor level are suitably safeguarded Sufficient bins or other suitable receptacles are provided for the storage of refuse and litter pending their disposal. 1.17 Avoiding slipping on decked balcony’s/or stairs; 1. Non slip or slip resistant CORBERUNDUM : Strips Nosing’s (On stairs). Tape
Or Paint. (Installed as per BS 5839). 1.18 Communal front door The main entrance door from the street should close properly, be capable of resisting bodily pressure and slipping of the door lock. Entry systems should not have „tradesmenâ€&#x; buttons, which bypass normal locking. 1. The door should be of solid construction. 2. Solenoid based, bolt-action locks are preferred, as they cannot be put on the latch and require less maintenance (also fully compliant with means of escape). 3. Landlord registered keys to control access. 4. Letterbox Cowl to prevent access to the door lock. 5. Properly maintained door closer to ensure the door shuts properly. 6. Glazing should be protected (see Windows security). (Entry through the communal front door is the most common means of access for residential burglary. All insurance companies require key operated locks on all windows and British Standard door locks, otherwise they will not provide insurance cover.)
1.19 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Aluminium Curtain walling must have thermally broken members. Brick walls painted white must be using masonry paint. Fireplace; must have specialist fabricated twin wall flue liner and a carbon monoxide detector alarmed according to BS EN5029. 1.3 METERS HORIZONTALLY FROM APPLIANCE. All windows should have key operated locks (this is an insurance requirement).