PROJECT 2: Understanding Forces in Solid Structure and Surface Structure
PRODUCED BY: CHEN ROU ANN LEE MAY WEN, ANDREA POH ZIYANG TEH KAH KHEN WONG KWOK KENN
1001G76463 0314320 0807P68823 0314502 0300146
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Architecture Building Construction 2 [ARC 2313]
Haesley Nine Bridges Golf Club House | Yeoju (South Korea) | 2008 | ShigeruBan Architects
Contents 1 Introduction 2 Exploded Isometric 3 Structural Systems • Timber Roof and columns Construction • Composite Steel Deck Floor Construction 4 Load Distribution Diagram 5 Construction Method • CAD (Computer Aided Design) • CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing)
6 Model Making Process 7 Final Model 1:50 8 Final Detailed Model 9 Conclusion / Reflection 10 References
Introduction This project was carried out by our group of five students with the option to focus on either solid or surface structures and its relevant components. Our group chose to further analyze surface structures because we took interest in recent innovations in computational techniques, material systems and processes that have revolutionized the design and construction of surface structures, enabling architects and engineers of our time to create new surface forms as well as devise efficient manufacturing strategies. As a group, we chose to work on the Nine Bridges Country Club-Clubhouse, a 16,000-squaremeter facility that serves a golf course. It has an underground level and three floors above grade. There is a main building, VIP lobby building, and a structure with private suites. This unique piece of architecture is designed by Shigeru Ban, a Japanese international architect, most famous for his innovative work with paper, particularly recycled cardboard tubes used to quickly and efficiently house disaster victims.
The most innovative feature of the building is the hexagon grid shell roof made of wood. This hexagon grid shell is based on an ecological and natural ventilated concept of Hexagon pattern occurred from Korean traditional summertime pillow (called “bamboo wife�). The wooden structure is fire-resistant and the roof and columns are exposed in the interior spaces. The canopy of woven timber girders which carries the roof has 21 slender columns support 32 roof elements, and is assembled from more than 3,500 intricately detailed gluelam segments prefabricated in Switzerland.
Design Motive: 1. Korean Traditional Summer Pillow (Bamboo Wife) 2. Column Erection 3. Crown Erection 4. Roof Construction
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This A4 booklet is a documentation of our work, sketches and progress throughout the project. 1
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The main design concept of Haesley Nine Bridges Golf Club House is natural lighting and ventilation through circular openings above the tree like columns. Transparency is another major design concept, which shows in the glass wall throughout the facades. Openable glass shutters are used throughout the building from the lounge to the restaurant.
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Design Concept: 1. Natural light & Ventilation 2. Transparency 2a 1F Lounge Glass Shutter (Closed) 2b 1F Lounge Glass Shutter (Open) 2c 1F Restaurant (Open) 2b
Exploded Isometric The complex timber structure is an independent and self-supporting structure. It carries the load of roof above and supported by concrete columns at underground level.
Structural Systems Timber Roof and columns Construction
The roof and the columns structure is formed as an uninterrupted continuity. This timber complex is of surface construction which is one homogeneous entity acting as the supporting structure and space defining element simultaneously. Therefore there is no distinct verticle columns and horizontal beams to be found.This ‘free form’ structure although has a methamatical geometry in 3D space, it requires specialised design, construction and material experties to realised. In this case, it is designed by Japan architect Shigeru Ben, digitally modelled by German Designtoproduction and prefabricated in Swistzerland by Krusi before shipped and reassembled at Korea. It get its strength and stability from double curvature lattice structure which is overlaid in regular crisscross pattern. Hence no bracing is needed to prevent lateral deformation by wind pressure.The surface is formed using intersecting parallel timber members in three directions to form a hexagonal and triangular grid system.
Composite Steel Deck Floor Construction Composite steel deck floors consist of a profiled steel deck with a concrete topping. Light welded mesh reinforcement is placed in the concrete to control cracking and to resist longitudinal shear. In case of fire, it can act as tensile reinforcement too. Indentations in the profiled deck allow the concrete and steel to bond and share load. Composite action between the supporting beams and the concrete is crearted by welding shear studs through the deck onto the top flange of the beam. The increased use of steel frames in new buildings is one of the biggest trends globally, as it allows more flexibility. One of the key banefits of this type of construction compare to traditional reinforced concrete floor is the speed of construction. Weight is reduced due to the intrinsic efficiency of composite construction and the dispoacement of concrete by the profile shape. This reduces both primary structure and the foundations.
Load Distribution Diagram Dead Load
Dead lods are static loads due to the materials itself. Timber surface construction is relatively lightweight. The roof and columns continuous surface carries the its self-weight and the weight of the roof down to the concrete columns at underground level and to the foundation below. The load of the floor is transmitted to the nearest four columns.
Environmental Load
Loads as a result of weather, topography and other natural phenomena, which includes wind, rain, seismic load etc. Wind pressure would produce uplifting or downward force at the roof and eaves. Lateral load on the glass wall by wind pressure has to be resisted by the continous column-roof surface, which has replaced the conventional cross bracing system.
Live Load
Imposed loads of short duration and temporary or a moving load. Roof and floor live loads are produced by moving occupants or vehicals and during maintenance by workers. Load Transmission Path
Building Self- Weight
Wind Load
Occupant Load
Construction Method CAD (Computer Aided Design)
Designtoproduction implements digital process chains from design to production based on parametric CAD-models and offers consulting services for parametric planning, detailing, optimization, and digital manufacturing. Creating reference geometry of the roof and generated 3D-models for all 467 different timber component types, which includes the details for almost 15000 lap-joints.
CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing)
Kr农si Maschinenbau AG Machining center for quality timber engineering, carpentry joinery, prefabricated building and prefabricated elements. Lignamatic CNC Woodworking Center Provide 5-axle controlled woodworking with sawing, milling, jointing, drilling, gouging, slots, turning, boards length extension for this project.
Model Making Process
Roof Plan 1:50 scale
Final Model 1:50 scale
Final Detailed Model
Conclusion/ Reflection After thorough research, structure analysis and model making, the five of us now have a much clearer understanding of surface structure. The autonomy of the surface, the “free facade� presumes a distinction between the structural and nonstructural elements of the building, between the frame and the cladding. Once the skin of the building becomes independent of its structure, it becomes capable of hanging like a curtain. The focus of the relationship between structure and skin is the architectural surface. Surface structure constructs spatial effects by which architecture communicates. Through its surfaces a building declares both its autonomy and its participation in its surroundings.
This project has taught us the importance of group work as well as time management. Even though prototyping part of the Haesley Nine Bridges Golf Clubhouse proved challenging to the group, we believe findings from this research and experience gained from this assignment will prove useful in the upcoming tasks given in this course.
References
Bellostes, J. (2006, October 7). tejido con madera – club house of the yeoju golf resort. Judit Bellostes. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://blog.bellostes.com/?p=2990 espazium. (n.d.). espazium. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from https://www.espazium.ch/tec21/trouvaille/materialdialog-bauen-mit-holz FREE FORM DESIGN GAINS MORE INFLUENCE IN ARCHITECTURE. (n.d.). timber frame construction. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://www.architects24.com/products/pr-timber-frame-construction/1281-blumer-lehman-timber-company/index.html Haesley Nine Bridges Golf Club House. (2008, May 10). designtoproduction. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://www.designtoproduction.ch/content/view/74/49/ Maschinensucher - Suchmaschine für Maschinen. (n.d.). ABBUND. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://www.maschinensucher.de/A1138600/ABBUND-ZENTRUM-KRUESI-LIGNAMATIC.html Recent Projects Paper Tube Structure Houses and Housings Cultual, Commercial, Academic, Others In Progress Exhibition Design Competition Unbuilt Industrial Design Disaster Relief Projects. (2008, February 12). Works. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://www.shigerubanarchitects.com/works.html Shigeru Ban. (2004, February 1). . Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://designalmic.com/haesley-nine-bridges-golf-club-house-shigeru-ban-architects-kaci-international/ Shigeru Banâs Gorgeous Nine Bridges Golf Club House is Inspired by Traditional Bamboo Cushions. (n.d.). Inhabitat Sustainable Design Innovation Eco Architecture Green Building Shigeru Bans Gorgeous Nine Bridges Golf Club House is Inspired by Traditional Bamboo Cushions Comments. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://inhabitat.com/shigeru-bans-gorgeous-golf-club-house-is-inspired-by-traditional-bamboo-cushions/ Shigeru Banâs Gorgeous Nine Bridges Golf Club House is Inspired by Traditional Bamboo Cushions. (n.d.). Inhabitat Sustainable Design Innovation Eco Architecture Green Building Shigeru Bans Gorgeous Nine Bridges Golf Club House is Inspired by Traditional Bamboo Cushions Comments. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from http://inhabitat.com/shigeru-bans-gorgeous-golf-club-house-is-inspired-by-traditional-bamboo-cushions/