Kidsworld News, Mid Michigan January 2018

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Volume 11, Issue 5, January 2018

Katie Pikkarainen, Agent 215 E. Grand River, Fowlerville

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132nd Annual Fowlerville Family Fair July 23-28, 2018 517-223-8186 Visit FowlervilleFamilyFair.com For Details

Our St. Joseph family once again participated in Toys for Tots. $OVR 7KH ÂżUVW JUDGHUV ZHUH EXV\ GLVVHFWLQJ VHQWHQFHV DV VHQWhat an amazing experience it is for the children to share the tence surgeons. joy of Christmas with others.

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+DSS\ 1HZ <HDU -DQXDU\ LV WKH ÂżUVW PRQWK RI WKH \HDU when we say goodbye to 2017 and hello to the new year of 2018! A new year always holds the promise of good things to come. Some people make resolutions for the new year.

A resolution is an agreement with yourself to do something better or different this coming year. Did you make a resolution for 2018?

Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t forget to bundle up warm and play in the snow this month. Have you ever made snow angels? You start by lying down on your back in some fresh snow, with your arms by your side and your legs straight together. With your DUPV DQG OHJV Ă&#x20AC;DW WR WKH JURXQG PRYH WKHP XS DQG GRZQ a few times like youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re trying to make an â&#x20AC;&#x153;Xâ&#x20AC;?. Then get up slowly to see the shape youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve left in the snow. It should look like an angel with wings.

We hope you enjoy doing lots of new things this coming year!

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If you would like to see Kidsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; World News at your school or if you would like to be one of our proud sponsors, please call 517-202-2365 (e-mail: rich@kidsworldnews.org). If you would like to submit an article from your school (limit 150 words), e-mail: charles@kidsworldnews.net. Kidsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; World News is designed to give exposure to all area schools, recognition of students and staff members. We welcome input from all our area schools. We do however, reserve the right to edit.

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January 2018, Page 2

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January 2018, Page 3

Having Fun On The Slopes This Winter!

No matter which winter sport you choose to do, staying warm is important. The right clothing and equipment will help you to enjoy yourself a whole lot more. Some of the newer fabrics for cold weather give you the warmth of layers without all the bulk. Did you know that staying warm isn’t just about feeling comfortable? Your body needs to stay warm to work properly. When your body is at the right temperature, it won’t need to spend as much energy. If you’re dressed properly, it also means you can stay outside longer without worrying about frostbite. Ask an adult if you’re not sure what to wear outside to protect yourself from the weather elements.

Before you hit the slopes to ski or snowboard, make sure you have the right equipment - and that it fits you properly. Many kids have problems because the equipment they use is too big for them. It may have belonged to an older brother or sister. The equipment has been kept in hopes that the next child can “grow into it.” Sometimes that works out just fine and sometimes it doesn’t. Equipment that is too big will make it hard to keep in control.

The same goes for boots and bindings - make sure these are the right size for your feet before getting on the slopes. Ski boots that are designed just for kids are great because they are more flexible than boots for adults, and they have buckles that are easier to manage too - making it quicker for you

to put on and help you avoid injuries too!

HELMETS ARE A MUST for skiing and snowboarding. They will help you avoid a head trauma if you fall! Also, wear goggles. They will protect your eyes from bright sunlight and objects that could get in the way and poke you in the eyes (like tree branches). Snowboarders also need kneepads and elbow pads. Some snowboarders who are just learning wear specially padded pants to cushion their falls!

Another important factor! It’s an excellent idea to take at least one skiing or snowboarding lesson BEFORE you take off on your own. This COLOR can keep you from getting frusME! trated or getting hurt before you have a chance to enjoy this new sport. For instance, your instructor can teach you how to stop!

Even after a lesson, it’s good to have an adult near by in case you need help. Grownups can choose the right trails and hills for you to match your skill level.

Skiing and snowboarding can be a little like driving a car... you need to learn to share the trail! Watch out for others to avoid collisions.

It’s important to know where the other skiers and snowboarders are.

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January 2018, Page 4

Put On Your Art Eyeglasses!

The eyes of an artist see the world in a special way. They may be interested in the way the sun casts shadows on the morning grass or intrigued by the wide range of colors in a sunset. The scope of an artist eye can take many views. From a mountain top, an artist has an enormous view. Up close, an artist may zoom into an object to see a magnified detail. Artists can use their “Art Eyeglasses” to observe the tiny details of a common item usually gone unnoticed. The next time you are outside, explore with your Art Eyeglasses by picking up a seed pod, a branch or berries covered with snow. Let your eyes zoom in and look at the texture, the color variation, or the fascinating lines. You will discover a tiny world that few really take the time to see.

Georgia O’Keefe was a 20th century artist who painted flowers larger-than-life. She said, “When you take a flower in your hand and really look at it, it's your world for the moment. I want to give that world to someone else. Most people in the city rush around so, they have no time to look at a flower. I want them to see it ”

So, take off the headphones, turn off the television and put on your Art Eyeglasses and see. You will be amazed at the world you can explore your eyes.

ZOOM ART PROJECT Find an object that you would like to closely examine. It can be a natural item from outdoors or a man made object. You can also find a picture in a magazine or book. Zoom in and find an area that is interesting. Look for appealing lines or color details.

Using a small piece of paper (approximately 5 x 8 inches) draw your “zoom” area. Fill the entire paper making sure to have your drawing go off of the edges of the page. This will provide an interesting look of enlargement.

Color your drawing with crayon, marker, water colors, or pastels.

Create a black border by gluing your finished drawing on a black piece of construction paper that is slightly larger than your drawing.

Enjoy. Have fun creating your ZOOM art work!

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January 2018, Page 5

Lovely Lawn Mowers A tank k lawn mower?

Lawn mowerr blennies make cool additions to any reeff tank. They spend theirr days hanging out on ledges keeping an eye on what is going on.

Lawn mowerr blennies are cool fish with great camouflage! They spend theirr time out in the open munching algae offf off coral rocks, so they need to blend in so no one munches on them!

Blennies are cool fish because they are slightly different than most. Theirr pectoral fins are used to prop them up while resting on rocks, and theirr dorsal fin runs all the way down theirr backs. They even have special little frills on theirr face called â&#x20AC;&#x153;cirriâ&#x20AC;? to give them character.

Suddenly they will burst out swim around and find a great spot to munch on some algae.

Lawn mowerr blennies are very helpful little critters! They will keep the algae in yourr tank nice and trimmed.

Blennies have special mouths and teeth adapted to grazing algae offf off rocks. While they are usually vegetarians, they will sometimes gobble up small worms and otherr meat. They lie on theirr favorite perch, and in little spurts will head out to forage forr food. They will even scrape algae offf the glass off tanks!

Lawn mowerr blennies can live up to 10 years in captivity and can grow to be 5 inches long. They preferr to live by themselves orr with a mate.

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Lawn mowerr blennies are a fun fish to watch.

Although sometimes they will hide when they see humans, they can become very social fish.

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January 2018, Page 6

Italian Republic • Italy, officially called the Italian Republic is a country in Southern Europe.

It’s famous for its shape which is the shape of a boot. France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia all border the nation. The Alps Mountains border Italy in the north. It is approximately 116,400 square miles (including Sicily and Sardinia) and is slightly larger than Arizona.

• There are two independent states within Italy: the Republic of San Marino (25 square miles) and the Vatican City (just 108.7 acres). Vatican City is the only nation in the world that can lock its own gates at night. It has its own phone company, radio, T.V. stations, money, and stamps. It even has its own army, the historic Swiss Guard. It is home to the Pope who is the head of the Catholic Church.

• Italy's north has warm summers and cool winters. Italy's south has hot summers and mild winters. Over 75% of Italy is either mountainous or hilly.

• The capital of Italy is Rome (also known as the Eternal City) and is almost 3,000 years old. It has been the capital since 1871 and is home to the Dome of St. Peter's, the Sistine Chapel, the Coliseum, and the famous Trevi Fountain.

• Parmesan cheese originated in the area around Parma, Italy. Italians also created many other cheeses, including gorgonzola, mozzarella, provolone, and ricotta. No one knows for sure when the pizza was invented, but the people of Naples made it popular. Italy is responsible for introducing the world to ice cream cones, coffee, and fruit pies. In addition to Belgium and France, Italy also claims to have made the first French fries.

• The University of Rome is one of the world’s oldest universities and was founded by the Catholic Church in A.D. 1303. Often called La Sapienza (“knowledge”), the university is also Europe’s largest university • In 1348, a plague infamously known as the Black Death took one-third of the Italian population. The recovery of this population loss was a spark for economy and more importantly, the Renaissance.

The Renaissance was an important time in history, and began in the very country of - you guessed it - Italy. What was the Renaissance? It was a boom in arts, fueled by religion and economy. Wealthy citizens could be patrons to artists, supporting them by paying them to do art. Famous artists and engineers such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo were able to spark interests in art and literature.

• Italy is known for being the birthplace of the opera. Opera has been said to be founded in the 17th century, and the popularity grew in the 19th and 20th centuries. The La Scala Opera House in Milan is renowned as one of the best in the world.

• Italy is among the world’s leaders of the fashion industry. In the 1950s, Italian designers such as Nino Cerruti and Valentino led the world in creating stylish fashions. Additionally, Armani, Versace, Gucci, and Prada have become internationally recognized. Italy is also known for fine sports cars, such as the Ferrari and Lamborghini.

• The first violin appeared in Italy in the 1500s, probably from the workshop of Andrea Amati (1505-1578) in Cremona. The city later became the home of Antonio Stradivari (1644-1737), the most famous of violin-makers.

• Galileo Galilee (1564-1642) was an Italian-born scientist. When he argued that the Earth revolved around the Sun, the Catholic Church imprisoned Galileo in his own house. The church issued a formal apology in 1992.

• Begun in 1560 for Cosimo l de’ Medici, the Uffizi Gallery in Florence is one of the oldest museums in the world and contains famous works by Michelangelo, Botticelli, and da Vinci.

• Soccer is Italy’s most popular sport, and the famous San Siro Stadium in Milan holds 85,000 people.

• The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built in 1173 and began to lean soon after, probably due to a poorly laid foundation. During WWII, the Nazi’s used it as a watch tower. After reconstruction efforts in 2008, engineers declared the tower would be stable for at least another 200 years.

• The language of music is Italian. The word “scale” comes from scala, meaning “step.” And adante, allegro, presto, and vivace are just a few of the many Italian musical notations. Did you know that the piano was invented by the Italians?

• The author of “Pinocchio” (“pine nut”), Carlo Collodi (1826-1890), was Italian.

• Famous Italian explorers include Christopher Columbus, Marco Polo, John Cabot, and Amerigo Vespucci.

• Italy's major industries include tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, and ceramics.

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The Webberville Elementary music program is certainly a point of pride for our school. Music teacher, Mr. Alex Ellul, is dedicated and committed to making sure every student has a positive music experience. On Wednesday, December 7th, this positive experience was felt by all who attended the elementary muVLF FRQFHUW )LUVW WKURXJK ¿IWK JUDGHUV assembled singing a variety of holiday songs. The songs were a great display of the high level of skill the students are acquiring in their music classes. It was evident they had fun with their presentation! Well done, Webberville STARS!

WES third graders present their festive song.

First grade students perform a ‘movement’ routine at their musical.

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As part of their classroom community service project, Mrs. Laux’s 3rd & 4th Grade class at St. Joseph School of Pewamo participated in a Veterans Holiday Read-A-T hon. Students contacted sponsors to help them reach their individual reading goals. As a class, they raised over $1003.00, making this Holiday Season brighter for the residents of the Grand Rapids Veterans Home.

6W 0DU\ &DWKROLF 6FKRRO 3LQFNQH\ St. Mary Catholic School participated in the Knights of Columbus “KEEP CHRIST IN CHRISTMAS” poster conWHVW WKLV SDVW 'HFHPEHU 6WXGHQWV LQ JUDGHV ¿IWK WKURXJK eighth grade were asked to come up with slogans to go along with the theme of the contest. Students were scored on a 100-point scoring system with 30 points for the Slogan, 30 points for Artistic Merit, and 40 points for Overall Impact. Mr. John Korneder, representative from the Knights of Columbus, Principal Mrs. Kinsey, and Art teacher Mrs. Hamer judged the posters. “Students ZRUNHG RQ D URXJK GUDIW EHIRUH PRYLQJ WR WKH ¿QDO GUDIW of their poster,” said Art teacher Mrs. Dawn Hamer. Mr. John Korneder joined the students at Morning Prayer to announce the winners and provide them with a $25.00 gift card to Barns and Noble Books.

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January 2018, Page 8

+RO\ 6SLULW &DWKROLF 6FKRRO 1HZV What is your End Game?

Hello, my name is Matthew Trujillo, and I am currently the chess coach at Holy Spirit School in Brighton, MI. I have been teaching chess at a scholastic level for over 10 years now and I have been playing chess for 24 years.

I am currently rated in the top 100 strongest chess players in the state of Michigan.

I enjoy volunteering my time at Holy Spirit and growing the chess program.

Being involved in the chess program has allowed me to spend more time with my son, who is currently in Holy Spirit School, as well as help other kids learn and develop as people by playing this wonderful game. , KDYH VHHQ ÂżUVW KDQG WKH PDQ\ EHQHÂżWV RI WHDFKLQJ FKHVV WR \RXQJ NLGV , ÂżUPO\ EHOLHYH VRPH RI WKH EHQHÂżWV RI FKHVV DUH KHOSLQJ NLGV LQFUHDVH their focus, analytical reasoning, and GHFLVLRQ PDNLQJ 7KHVH EHQHÂżWV KDYH been studied, researched, and written about many times over.

Also, chess can be used to teach kids about making choices in the real world. Thinking about your next move, and looking at the full picture before you make a decision. Trying

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to look ahead and envision what the endgame will look like. These skills are critical for someone to develop as a good chess player, and I would submit that they are equally important for success in life. The choices you make every step of the way will set you up for a winning end game!

well as the overall interest and participation from the student body. Our next session of chess club will start up in the spring, and I am looking forward WR RXU WHDP SDUWLFLSDWLQJ LQ RXU ÂżUVW ever Scholastic Chess Tournament.

We just recently wrapped up our second year of chess club at Holy Spirit School. I have been very pleased with the support I have received from the staff and administration in getting the program going as

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Featuring: Greg Tang Jr. On Wednesday, November 29, Olivet hosted its 10th Annual K-5 Family Math Night for students, families, and community members. The event this year was made possible by a $2000 grant from Olivet College.

Greg Tang Jr. brought with him four different math games that students and families can play at home.

Students and parents had an amazing time playing games together, even getting a little competitive between parents and students to see who could get the answer faster.

All of the games that Greg Tang brought him help develop number sense in our students, helping them practice using math patterns to solve tasks more quickly.

A HUGE thank you to our amazing Music teacher, Miss Miller, who did a great musical presentation with our K-3 students that focused on the relation between math and music. Her creative talents even

included some of the picture books from Greg Tang Sr, who also writes math picture books that help us to see math from a different perspective.

We also want to thank all the volunteers who put in multiple hours of time helping set-up the dinner and the game room, all of those who helped with registration, those who helped run the math games, and all of those who helped with clean up.

5DIĂ&#x20AC;H SUL]HV LQFOXGHG IRXU of the Math Home Game Kits, which included the games played that night, and picture books written by Greg Tang Sr. Thank you again to Olivet College, Greg Tang Jr., Miss Miller, and all of our volunteers.

Our 10th Annual Math Night was a huge success, with over 150 participants.

If you are interested in playing Greg Tang math games or purchasing some of the games for home, please visit the website gregtangmath.com.

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January 2018, Page 9

Michigan’s Own Fort Mackinac Fort Mackinac has had quite a history! Before 1763, the French had controlled the Straits of Mackinac by having Ford Michilimackinac on the northern point of Lower Michigan. But, after the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the British took occupation of the fort and then decided that the wooden structure was too difficult to defend.

In 1780-1781, Patrick Sinclair, the Lieutenant Governor of Michilimackinac built a new limestone fort located on the bluff at Mackinac Island. It was used to control the extremely important Straits of Mackinac between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, plus the fur trade between the British and the tribes in the region. The fort was not given to the Americans until 15 years after American independence in 1796.

During the War of 1812, two battles for control of the Great Lakes took place at Fort Mackinac. On July 17, 1812, the fort was attacked by the British and Native American forces. Together they numbered over 400. The Americans had a small garrison of approximately 60 men. Lieutenant Hanks was taken by surprise and knowing he was outnumbered, took the British offer to surrender without a fight. After capturing the island, the British built more buildings, a stockade and blockhouse and renamed it Fort George. In July 1814, the Americans tried to retake the island and fort to get control of the Great Lakes and the fur trade. Unfortunately, even with five ships and 700 soldiers, it didn’t work. The blockhouse stood too high for the naval guns to reach and when the Americans tried to go by foot, they were easy targets for the British once they came into the clearing. So, the fort remained in the hands of the British until the end of the war.

Following the Treaty of Ghent, in July 1815 the Americans once more occupied the fort. It was renamed again to Fort Holmes. It became an important part of the exploration of the Upper Peninsula for a time and then when it’s military importance declined, it became a place for soldiers on reserve. The fort was also used as a fur trading post and acted as a prison during the Civil War for 3 Confederate political prisoners.

From 1875 to 1895, the fort was part of the Mackinac National Park which was the second national park in the United States. Yellowstone National Park was the first. The fort was closed in 1895 and became a part of the Mackinaw Island State Park as a museum and

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a popular tourist attraction. It is one of the most complete forts in the country.

There Are 14 Original Buildings • Commissary Building: Once used for food storage.

• Post Headquarters: Used for the paymaster and offices.

• Quartermaster’s Storehouse: Held any and all equipment needed by the soldiers during the fort’s history.

• Post Bathhouse: The newest building, built in 1885, housing 6 baths for the soldier’s comfort.

• Soldier’s Barracks: Used to house the 100+ soldiers stationed there.

• Post Schoolhouse: Where the soldiers went in the last years of Fort Mackinac’s military existence to become better educated.

• Hill Quarters: Many Lieutenants lived within these walls.

• Post Hospital: Where the post doctor/surgeon treated patients until a new hospital was built in 1860.

• Officer’s Stone Quarters: Michigan’s oldest building (1780) and used to house officers.

• Wood Quarters: Used for various purposes over the life of the building, including officers’ quarters and a post canteen that served beer, but no whiskey.

• Post Guardhouse: Prisoners had been held on this site for over a century.

• North, East and West Blockhouses: Stone towers built by the first Americans garrisoning Fort Mackinac standing watch over the three main palisades of Fort Mackinac.

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January 2018, Page 11

Your Hair!

When you think or talk about your hair, you are usually talking about the hair on your head. Except for your lips, the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet, you have hair on almost every part of your body!

Some of it is easy to see, like your eyebrows and hair on your head, arms and legs. But other hair like that on your cheeks, is almost invisible. Depending on where it is, the hair has different jobs it does. The hair on your head keeps your head warm and provides come cushioning for your skull.

The eyelashes protect your eyes by decreasing the amount of light and dust that go into them. Eyebrows protect your eyes from sweat dripping down from your forehead.

You have more than 100,000 hairs on your head! About 50 to 100 hairs fall out each day when you’re washing your hair, brushing it, combing it or just sitting still. New hairs are constantly replacing those that have fallen out!

Each hair on your head grows for about 2 to 6 years. Then it rests a few months and then, falls out! It is replace by a new hair which begins to grow from the same hair follicle. This is the cycle of hair growth that helps to maintain just the right numbers of hairs on your head!

How does hair grow? It doesn’t matter if it’s growing out of your head, arms, or legs, it all rises out of the skin the same way. It starts at the hair root which is a place beneath the skin where cells band together. They form keratin (the protein that hair is made of). The root is inside a follicle which is like a small tube in the skin.

As the hair begins to grow, it pushes up from the root and out of the follicle through the skin. Tiny blood vessels at the base of the follicle feed the hair root to keep it growing. Once the air is at the skin’s surface, the cells within the strand of hair aren’t alive anymore. The hair you see on every part of your body contains dead cells.

That’s why it doesn’t cause pain when someone cuts your hair with scissors!

Nearly every hair follicle is attached to a sebaceous gland which is sometimes called an oil gland. These sebaceous glands produce oil which makes the hair shiny and a bit waterproof. Sometimes they can produce too much oil - so it’s time to shampoo!!

What kind of hair do you have?

Black, red, auburn, blond? Curly, straight, wavy? Hair color comes from Melanin which is the substance that gives your hair and skin it’s pigment. The lighter someone’s hair, the less melanin there is. Older people lose the melanin pigment in their hair as they age, making their hair look gray or white.

Quite often, a person’s skin color goes with the color of their hair. For example, many blonds have light skin, where many people with darker skin have dark brown or black hair. Usually a kid’s hair color is determined by one or both parents’ hair color because you inherit genes from your parents. When it comes to type of hair, your hair follicles make the difference. Some are structured in a way that produces curly hair. They also determine if your hair will be thick or thin, coarse or fine.

You must take good care of your hair and make sure you keep it clean! Some wash their hair every day - some only a few times a week. It depends on your hair...

When washing your hair, use a gentle shampoo and warm water. Lather up using your fingertips. You may use a conditioner or a shampoo with conditioner in it. This will take the tangles out of your hair and make it comb out easier plus make it look smooth. Rinse your hair with plenty of clean water. Dry it gently with a towel. Make sure you get it completely dry before going out this winter!

An extra tip is to be gentle when you brush or comb your hair. Don’t yank on it. Also don’t wear your ponytails or braids too tight as it can irritate your scalp.

If you use a blow dryer, ask for an adult to help so you don’t burn yourself!

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January 2018, Page 12

Asian Elephants

Asian elephants, like their name explains, live in southern Asia. They are smaller than African elephants, and their ears are much smaller. They can even live longer- the longest lifespan recorded was 80 years!

Asian elephants are usually grey, but can appear tan from dust and dirt.

They do give themselves baths though! They almost always stay near a permanent water source and use approximately 21-53 gallons of water to bathe themselves.

These elephants are well known for domestication in some countries. What does that mean? It means the elephants are tamed and trained to help with various forms of work, including lifting logs. They are also used in celebrations, used as carriages, and in festivals. This also shows that these elephants are highly intelligent and aware.

Asian elephants usually live in grasslands and forest areas. After they’re born and grow up, females stay in the herd while males leave the herd. Males sometimes form temporary 'bachelor groups’.

The asian elephant is an endangered species. They’re targeted for poaching since ivory is in demand. Ivory is found in elephant tusks, and used in

making pianos and ivory chopsticks. Deforestation is also a threat, caused by humans wanting more land for agriculture.

Interesting facts about the Asian elephant: -The Asian elephant has twenty rib bones!

-They can eat up to 330 COLOR pounds of plants a day!

- Only male asian elephants ME! have tusks.

- Elephants are the largest land mammal in the world -The elephant’s trunk is able to sense the size, shape and temperature of an object. An elephant also uses its trunk to lift food and suck up water then pour it into its mouth.

-Asian elephants can grow to be about 10 feet tall and weigh 6 tons!

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January 2018, Page 13

Capital

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'R <RX .QRZ 7KHVH )DFWV $ERXW 7KH 6XQ" The Sun is the source of energy for the Solar System, which makes life possible on Earth. All the objects in the Solar System revolve around it. The Sun is actually a star found at the center of the Solar System. It is estimated to be about 4 1/2 billion years old. The Romans called the Sun Sol, which in English means sun. In ancient Greece, the Sun was called Helios.

• The Sun is over 300,000 times larger than the Earth. At around 865,000 miles wide, the Sun’s diameter is about 110 times wider than the earths.

• Around 74% of the Sun’s mass is made up of hydrogen.

Helium makes up around 24%. Heavier elements such as oxygen, carbon, iron and neon make up the remaining 2%.

• Light from the Sun reaches the Earth in around 8 minutes. The Sun appears small to us on earth because it is 93 million miles away!

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• The Sun’s surface temperature is around 9,941 degrees Fahrenheit. The Sun’s core is around 24,480,032 degrees Fahrenheit!

• The Sun generates HUGE amounts of energy by combining hydrogen nuclei into helium. This process is called nuclear fusion.

• Without the Sun’s warmth, life on Earth would not exist.

Everything would be frozen.

• There are 100 billion stars in our galaxy. From the Earth, only about 6,000 of these stars can be seen by the naked eye, and the Sun is one of them.

• Unlike the planets, the Sun is great big sphere of hydrogen gas. Because of this, different parts of the Sun rotate at different speeds. You can see how fast the surface is rotating by tracking the movement of sunspots across the surface. Regions at the equator take 25 days to complete one rotation, while features at the poles can take 36 days.

And the inside of the Sun seems to take about 27 days.

• The Sun produces a solar wind which contains charged particles such as electrons and protons. Planets with VWURQJ PDJQHWLF ¿HOGV VXFK DV WKH (DUWK PDQDJH WR GHÀHFW most of these charged particles as they approach. The solar wind can have a wide range of effects on the Earth, such as power line surges, radio interference, and the beautiful aurora borealis. The solar wind also has large effects on the tails of comets and the trajectories of spacecraft.

• A solar eclipse happens when the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth.

• Many early cultures saw the Sun as a deity or god. For example, ancient Egyptians had a Sun God named Ra and the Aztecs had a Sun God named Tonatiuh.

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Wash and dry the strawberries.

Break the chocolate bars into small pieces and place them in a microwave safe bowl. Heat in the microwave oven until they are melted for 30 seconds. If you need more time for them to melt - try another 15 to 30 seconds.

Holding by the stems, dip each strawberry into the chocolate and place on the wax paper to cool. Or after dipping the strawberry into the chocolate - also dip in the sprinkles before placing on the wax paper to cool! Enjoy!

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January 2018, Page 15

Stop by & start YOUR journey TODAY!

, :DQW 7R 3OD\ 7KH %DVVRRQ The bassoon is the lowest sounding and the largest of the woodwind instruments. They are made of maple wood and also of ebonite. Student sized bassoons are made of plastic resin to make the instrument more affordable.

Most bassoon players need to have big hands so many students learn anRWKHU LQVWUXPHQW ÂżUVW ,W KDV D GRXEOH reed that is attached to the bocal which is a curved tube.

Early bassoons were called Dulcians or Curtals. The main difference from those to modern day bassoons, is that the old instruments were carved from a single piece of wood and didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have any keys! In France during the 17th century, instrument builders made the

ÂżUVW EDVVRRQ ZLWK VHSDUDWH MRLQWV DQG by the mid 19th century, the 17 key bassoon was developed.

The bassoon is held diagonally in front of the player and cannot be supported by the playerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hands alone.

Additional support is required as it is heavy. The extra support is either a neck strap or a seat strap which is attached to the bassoon and laid across the chair seat before sitting down to hold it in place. To make a sound, the bassoonist blows air through a double reed causing it to vibrate. To play notes and vary the sound, the bassoonist must cover different combinations of WRQH KROHV ZLWK ÂżQJHUV RU NH\V

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BEST BOOKS OF

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Wishtree

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An old red oak tree tells how he and his crow friend, Bongo, help their human neighbors get along after a threat against an immigrant family is carved into the tree’s trunk.

Set adrift on the ocean in a small skiff as a newborn, twelve-year-old Crow embarks on a quest to find the missing pieces of her history.

When her best friend Adrienne starts hanging out with the most popular girl in class, Shannon questions with whether she and Adrienne will stay friends, and if she is part of the clique.

Find new favorite books, movies and music based on your current favorites.

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January 2018, Page 17

Write a story based on the picture on this page! _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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January 2018, Page 18

Start The New Year Off With Math!

Multiply the number at the top of the table by each of the numbers in the left column.

5 x5

7 x5

Add the number at the top of the table to each of the numbers in the left column!

1 x5

Multiply 6

7 6 4 10

5 x2

6 x5

3 1 7 2

5 8 3 9

Add 26

8 x5

9 x5

0 x5

Multiply 3

Multiply 12

123 11 532 835

10 x5

Multiply 10

4 0 8 1

Add 61

5 x5

3 33 67 91

9 x5

Add 261

327 415 932 15

4 x5 11 x5

5 x1

0 = brown 5 = light blue 10 = yellow 15 = green 20 = white 25 = dark blue

McDONALD

30 = dark blue 35 = light blue 40 = light blue 45 = dark blue 50 = green 55 = green

5 x10

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January 2018, Page 19

Winter Storms How do winter storms form? Winter storms get their energy from the clash of two air masses of different temperatures and moisture levels.

They usually form when an air mass of cold, dry, Canadian air moves south and interacts with a warm, moist air mass moving north from the Gulf of Mexico. The area where these two air masses meet is called a front. If cold air advances and pushes away the warm air, it forms a cold front. When the warm air advances and it rides up over the denser, cold air mass - it forms a warm front. If neither air mass advances, it forms a stationary front.

The following is the winter lingo we all need to know: • BLIZZARD - A blizzard is a long-lasting snowstorm with very strong winds and intense snowfall. There are three things you need to have a blizzard, cold air at the surface, lots of moisture and lift. Warm air must rise over the cold air.

• THUNDERSNOW - Thundersnow is when thunder and lightning occur during a snowstorm. This usually happens in the late winter or early spring. During thundersnow, heavy snowfall is to be expected sometimes 2 inches per hour is possible!

• SLEET - Sleet is rain drops that freeze into ice pellets before reaching the ground. Sleet usually bounces when hitting a surface and does not stick to objects. However, it can accumulate like snow and cause a huge hazard to people driving.

• FREEZING RAIN - Freezing rain is rain that falls onto a surface with a temperature that’s below freezing. It freezes to surfaces such as trees, cars, roads, houses and forms a coating of ice. This can cause a huge hazard which is called an ICE STORM. This is a storm which results in an accumulation of at least .25” of ice on exposed surfaces.

• FROST - Frost is white ice crystals that form on a surface like the ground or leaves of plants. It’s created when the air temperature drops below freezing and water vapor in the air freezes into ice crystals.

• LAKE EFFECT SNOW - As the cold air flows over the warm lake water, the warm water heats the air’s bottom layer as lake moisture evaporates into the cold air. Since warm air is lighter than the cold air, it begins to cool. As the air cools, the moisture that evaporated into it condenses and forms clouds and snow begins falling from the cloud if the air is humid enough.

• WIND CHILL - Wind chill is the temperature your body feels when the air temperature is combined with the wind speed. The higher the wind speed, the faster exposed areas of your body lose heat and the colder you feel.

• FROSTBITE - Frostbite is damage to people’s skin due to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, usually below 32 degrees F.

Try This Experiment! Make Dew And Frost!

(Have a responsible adult help you.)

Materials: 2 tin cans without a lid (soup cans work well, but peel the labels off) Rock salt or table salt Crushed ice Process: In one tin can put a mixture of crushed ice about half full and about 4 tablespoons of salt. Mix it well for about 30 seconds and then let sit.

In the other can, put only crushed ice and cool tap water. Fill the can about half way full of ice and then put just enough tap water in the can to cover the ice.

Note the frost forming on the outside of the can with the ice and salt mixture. Compare this with the liquid moisture on the outside of the can which contains ice only.

Explanation: What happens - The salt wants to absorb water to make a salt solution.

To do that, the salt has to melt the ice into water. The heat required to melt the ice comes from the ice itself. The strange effect is caused by the chemical reaction between the salt and the ice. Strange as it is, melting the ice actually makes the mixture cooler. The salt water mixture inside the can gets below freezing, so the moisture from the air that collects on the outside of the can will freeze. This is why frost froms!

On the other can, dew forms because the mixture of the melting ice and water is just at freezing and the temperature outside the can is warmer causing dew to form.

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January 2018, Page 20