SANNA KARPPINEN
THEMES of FINLAND Text: Sanna Karppinen Graphic Design: Laboratorio Uleåborg, www.uleaborg.com Printed by: Saarijärven Offset 2016 Publisher: Kirjakaari, www.kirjakaari.fi Translation: Kirjakaari, Apropos Lingua Oy Copyright © Kirjakaari 2016, author and photographers ISBN 978-952-7187-09-8
FINNISH SOCIETY
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FINNISH KNOW-HOW
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FINNISH NATURE
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FINNISH SAUNA
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FINNISH FOOD
CONTENT
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FINLAND Location: Northern Europe, Scandinavia
EUROPE
Bordering countries: Sweden, Norway, Russia, and Estonia Population: 5.4 million Capital: Helsinki Area: 338,424 km² Vertical length: 1,160 km Shoreline: 315,000 km, of which 46,000 km is seashore Highest point: Halti (1,324 meters) Languages: Finnish, Swedish, and Sami Currency: Euro Flag: Blue cross on a white background representing the country’s lakes and the snow covering the land in winter Government: Republic, parliamentary democracy with the President as the head of state Independence: 1917 Member of the European Union: since 1995
Fields of Finnish expertise: the paper and pulp industry, bioeconomyrelated solutions, nanotechnology, mobile and gaming technologies, energy efficient logistics, digital business, educational know-how, the electronic, mechanical, and metal industries, the chemical industry
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Finnish Society • THEMES of FINLAND
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FINNISH SOCIETY
Finnish Society • THEMES of FINLAND
I
Fi n
la n d
THE FINNISH SOCIETY WORKS! Finland is the northernmost country in the European Union and one of the most functional societies in the world. This is largely due to the diversification of know-how and the Finnish people’s ability to adapt. We Finns combine the intelligence of an engineer and the creativity of a visionary with a natural warm-heartedness. This persistent Nordic nation stands with both feet firmly on the ground, even in times of turmoil, because giving up is not in our nature. We just find the ways to make things work, and year after year Finland is at the top of the table when quality of life, well-being, and cleanliness of the environment are measured.
THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Society
THE MOST TRUSTWORTHY HANDSHAKE IN THE WORLD A Finn’s word is bond and we keep what we promise. When you
The Finnish Red Cross has trained over 2,000 aid workers since
shake hands with a Finn, the decision holds and the friendship
the 1970s, of whom over 500 are even now working in FRC’s
is sealed. Corruption has no place in Finland and the Finnish
operations around the world.
people are considered trustworthy for many reasons. A Finnish passport is welcomed in over 170 countries. There are only a little over five million people living in Finland, so it is clear to everyone that there is strength in togetherness. We are well-versed in discussing things through. We also want to promote well-being all over the world, decrease poverty, and bring clean water, basic education, and healthcare within everyone’s reach. Over 40,000 Finns have participated in UN Peacekeeping operations and one of our most famous builders of peace is former President Martti Ahtisaari who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2008.
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Finnish Society • THEMES of FINLAND
LEADING THE WAY FOR EQUALITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS The Finnish people believe in equality, regardless of gender, sexual orientation, religion or ethnic background. The Finnish women were the first in Europe to receive the right to vote, over 100 years ago. Finland is populated relatively sparsely and personal space is held in high regard. This is also reflected in the society as a respect for other peoples’ lives and privacy. Everyone has freedom of speech and the right to express themselves or their religion freely. Human rights are taken seriously and each citizen is guaranteed the right to a dignified life as a member of society. Uniform treatment in the eyes of the law is also a part of equality. Therefore the operation of the Finnish courts is transparent and independent.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Society
INOCULATED
IN A FUNCTIONAL SOCIETY, EVERYONE IS CARED FOR In Finland, there is a strong culture of caring and fair play, which is why Finland is a good place to live, raise children, and work. Things are handled in a straight-forward manner, without unnecessary red tape, whether negotiating on international cooperation or consulting officials. Confidence in the stability of the society is one of the cornerstones of well-being and Finland has a strong democracy. The most important structures of social support, such as education, healthcare and social security are taken care of together by paying taxes. Public healthcare services are affordable and children receive free inoculations and dental care in school. Many people also travel to Finland for excellent specialized care in many private clinics. Children and families with children in Finland are in a unique position. Every child is provided an equal beginning for their life. Finland is known for the maternity package, given to each family before the child is born. The package contains over 50 products, including baby clothes, cloth diapers, and child care equipment.
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cond in Save d w as ranked se In 2015, Finl an Index which nual Mothers’ an s n’ re ild Ch the hers and ell-being of mot assesses the w high ranking countr ies. The 9 17 in n re ild ch mater nity well-func tioning w as due to our high level of thcare, and the al he ild ch s, ic clin ion of women. economic situat education and
Finnish Society • THEMES of FINLAND
PEACEFUL LIVING, SECURE BUSINESSES According to statistics, Finland is the most stable country in the world and least in danger of facing serious conflicts. The societal structures, such as the electrical power and telecommunications networks, are fairly free from disruptions. Data security and protection of property are also top class. Finland is a haven for digital businesses, such as data centers. The Finnish climate is cool and temperate and we are free from earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or extreme climate events. The steady cycle of seasons has taught us to respect nature and our meteorologists are among the best in the world. The Finnish developers and researchers of space technology are also wellknown outside of the country. The security of our society also includes the cleanliness of nature, which is also one of our top exports. Edible Finnish berries and
Up to 72 % of Finnish foodstuffs is free from pesticide
mushrooms are clean and can be enjoyed without a care. Our water
residue. The corresponding average figure elsewhere in
and air are also among the cleanest in the world and nature trekking
Europe is 50 %.
is safe.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Society
CULTURAL NATION WITH A DIGITAL TWIST Finnish people like to get together and, if necessary, set up
In the field of music, Pori Jazz and the Savonlinna Opera Festival
a talkoot, which is a Finnish word for a group of friends and
are among our main attractions. Finland is famous for its wide
neighbors coming together to accomplish a task. We Finns
variety of summer festivals, where hard rock and heavy metal are
have just the right combination of thirst for order and cultural
especially well-represented. The Air Guitar World Championships
enthusiasm to host major international events supremely.
also offer plenty of entertainment.
When digital technologies are utilized to organize things,
Most parishes in Finland have summer theaters, where plays can
everything just works. Prime examples of this are our
be enjoyed in the open air.
international dog shows, where the results can be followed in real-time due to an online result service, or the corporate event Nordic Business Forum.
Computer hobbyists and other digital culture enthusiasts gather twice a year to Messukeskus Helsinki. Assembly is one of the largest computer festivals in the world. It offers gaming, competitions, music, and seminars.
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t popular lsinki is the mos The capital He and and the tour ists in Finl destination for . cultural events hear t of many
FINNISH KNOW-HOW
Finnish Know-how • THEMES of FINLAND
STILLNESS AS AN ASSET AND A SOURCE OF IDEAS Finns are known for being quiet, but don’t let it bother you. Our
The distinctiveness of Finnish designers is expressed in the
ability to ponder things calmly is one of our strengths. We forge
colorful patterns of Marimekko, the timeless architecture of
ahead in silence, creating lasting partnerships and building the
Alvar Aalto, and the glass and ceramic dishes produced by Iittala.
most reliable machines, equipment, and technological solutions in the world.
Down-to-earth Finns are also not afraid to address global collective issues. As the past has shown, nothing is impossible.
And when a Finn finally opens their mouth, what comes out is on
We have a way of turning challenges into opportunities and find
point and the listener will realize that under the calm exterior
solutions where other people haven’t even thought to look.
there lies a lively imagination. We are inspired by nature and its stillness, which can be seen in our architecture, art, and design.
© Moomin Characters ™
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Know-how
EDUCATIONAL KNOW-HOW ACROSS THE BORDERS Our well-functioning educational system for teachers ensures
Continuing development of one’s know-how ensures that skilled
that Finns are the highest educated people in the world.
workforce is plentiful in Finland.
Teaching is a highly respected and well-paid vocation. Children are encouraged to collaborate and diverse learners are acknowledged in teaching. Comprehensive school, which lasts nine years, is a basic right of each child. The children don’t start school until they are seven years old, but this is preceded by day care and preschool supported by society. The comprehensive school is free, including meals, books, and school transport. Time is also reserved for play. Finnish children are at the top of the PISA tables, so it is no wonder that our educational system and know-how are widely exported. Finnish youths can freely choose an interesting trade and utilize their strengths. The state supports studies in all educational stages and most young people can move away from home before they turn twenty to start living independently. According to the PIAAC surveys, Finnish adults are among the most highly ranked for literacy, numeracy, and problem solving in technology-rich-environments. Further education and complementary studies for adults, online and distance learning, and apprenticeships are common in Finland.
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Finnish Know-how • THEMES of FINLAND
THE LAND OF A THOUSAND STARTUPS The Finns are an innovative and excitable bunch, a bit like the
Business incubators are constantly creating new international
world-famous Moomins, created by the beloved author Tove
business ideas and concepts for products and services that bring
Jansson. We have the courage to be different and forge our
fresh ideas into the business community. Finnish startups Rovio
own paths. As a result, a lively culture of Startups has grown in
and Supercell are good examples of this.
Finland. One of the most significant startup events in the world is Slush, In Finland, entrepreneurs are encouraged to try again, even after
which is held annually in Helsinki. The event brings together
failing, and the state supports entrepreneurship in many ways.
startup entrepreneurs, investors, and technology companies..
There is solidarity among entrepreneurs and many seasoned entrepreneurs mentor younger ones. Know-how accumulated
The same spirit, but with an even cooler attitude is shown in the
through experience is respected.
Polar Bear Pitching event in Oulu. Persistence is put to test, as entrepreneurs pitch their business ideas from a hole in the ice!
Slush brings together the most interesting startups.
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ent system in ive w ater treatm The most ef fect nl and and developed in Fi en be s ha ld or e the w ater is availabl w able groundw clean and rene nies. olds and compa for both househ
THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Know-how
ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATIONS AND CLEANTECH Nature is constantly present in Finland and environmental
gas engines. For years, Wärtsilä has been included in the list of
consciousness comes naturally to us. Recycling is self-evident
the 100 most sustainable companies in the world.
for Finns. Finland is also known for the world’s leading cleantech companies and innovations which are both cost-effective and
Planmeca Group, whose head office is in Helsinki is one of the
energy efficient and environmentally responsible at the same
world’s leading producers of dental care equipment. Planmeca
time.
focuses on designing sustainable products, so that the equipment can be upgraded instead of replacing. The company’s production
Finland’s reputation as a pioneer of responsible business is based
processes are also energy efficient and 98 % of the components
on concrete actions. In 2015, Corporate Knights Capital chose the
used in the equipment are recyclable.
Helsinki Stock Exchange as the most sustainable stock exchange in the world for the second time. Companies listed on Helsinki
Kemira is a responsible Finnish chemicals company, who
Stock Exchange have the world’s lowest carbon emissions and up
services companies who wish to improve the water, energy, and
to 66 % of them report their carbon footprint. The Helsinki Stock
raw material efficiency of their processes internationally. Kemira
Exchange itself has been carbon neutral from 2011.
operates responsibly in the pulp and paper industries as well as the oil and mining industries both locally and globally.
The Finnish Neste Oil is one of the world’s largest developers of biofuels and the largest company producing renewable NEXBTL fuels from waste using their patented hydrotreating technology. KONE specializes in moving people energy-efficiently with elevators, escalators, and moving walkways. In urban planning, KONE is a pioneer of responsible business and is included in CDP’s A list of companies who are doing the most to combat climate change. Wärtsilä is the world’s leading supplier of solutions for the energy and marine markets and designer of special vessels with
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Finnish Know-how • THEMES of FINLAND
BUILDING SUSTAINABLE BIOECONOMY WITH FORESTRY KNOW-HOW Finland has the second most forests in the whole of Europe.
industries already have several wood-based materials which can
Forests are a significant renewable natural resource, export, and
be used to replace plastics.
area of expertise. Forest research and development is backed by the desire to utilize wood in new environmentally friendly and
The Finnish forestry know-how is based on a diverse bioeconomy.
sustainable ways.
Patient forest management and responsible utilization are examples of green industry at its best and a significant reaction
Finland is one of the world’s leading producers of paper and
to climate change. At the same time, the forest industry offers
cardboard. Green and nanotechnologies are also widely used
solutions to global problems, such as the need for renewable
in the forest industry and, for example, the medical and food
energy sources.
The Finnish network of forest roads is unique. Felled trees are transported energy-efficiently to be further processed by sawmills and factories.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Know-how
FINNISH SNOW-HOW The long distances and snowy winters have created the Finnish snow-how, which is arctic nature expertise. The traditional nature trades have been replaced with environmental knowhow education export, experience tourism, and sustainable technologies. The innovations of the field, such as cold climate logistics solutions, utilize nature in a sustainable way. The northernmost university town in the EU is Rovaniemi which is located in Finnish Lapland. The University of Lapland’s international Arctic Centre is a place of multidisciplinary research of global change, sustainable development, and environmental and minority law. Information and expertise is shared throughout the world. The arctic nature of Finnish Lapland offers an ideal environment for testing vehicles and equipment in the freezing cold and snowy conditions.
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oldest in the k is one of the oc dr be s d’ an Finl been ground mountains have wor ld and our pl and’s ed hills and La into tree-cover bald fells.
FINNISH NATURE
Finnish Nature • THEMES of FINLAND
THE EVER-PRESENT NATURE Finland is a long country and its nature is exceptionally diverse.
Our shores were created during the last ice age and because the
The landscape is dominated by the shimmering blue lakes and
landmass was pushed down by the ice for a long time, the ground
the vast green forests. Due to the Gulf Stream, Finland’s climate
is still rising. This is most evident in the Kvarken Archipelago
is several degrees warmer than Alaska or Greenland on the
in Northern Quark, the narrowest part of the Baltic Sea. The
same latitudes.
archipelago is constantly changing its shape and has been listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
We have four distinct seasons: a bright spring, a continental summer, a mild fall, and a snowy winter. The difference in temperatures between the different seasons can easily reach up to 70 degrees Celsius.
The fall colors of the broadleaf trees are at their most beautiful by water.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Nature
LIVELY SEAPORTS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR The capital Helsinki is a maritime haven inhabited by 1.3 million
wintertime thanks to Finnish icebreakers. We also have plenty of
Finns on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland. Helsinki is the
top class expertise in arctic seafaring, navigation, shipbuilding,
educational, industrial, and cultural center of our country, yet the
and port technologies.
verdant nature is also present throughout the city. The sights of the city are easily explored on foot or by bicycle, because Finns love both forms of exercise. The surrounding islands, including UNESCO World Heritage Site Suomenlinna, are only a short boat trip away. The old sea fortress is a perfect place to explore the cultural history of our country, sit down for a picnic or visit the artisanal boutiques. Our other personal seaside towns include Kotka which is cut through by the Kymi River, Turku which is known for its enchanting archipelago, and UNESCO World Heritage Site Old Rauma. One of our most important seaports is Oulu, which is the largest city in Northern Scandinavia. Our northern seaports operate throughout the year, as the sea remains navigable even in the
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the south ng coastline in Finl and has a lo g countr ies. ral neighbor in ve se d an t es w and both near and ith people from Cooper ating w Life in the is in our blood. ay aw ay w ng lo zed day char ac teri s is still to this coastal region d t inhabite e southernmos by seafar ing. Th the tallest d is Bengtskär, pl ace in Finl an ies. e Nordic countr lighthouse in th
Finnish Nature • THEMES of FINLAND
THE BALTIC SEA OF THE NORTH The Baltic Sea is one of the most important natural sites in
group of 6,500 islands and the medieval castles and the unique
Finland and in many ways a unique sea area. Much of the water
milieu of the region are a popular bicycle holiday destination.
flows from freshwater rivers and the Baltic Sea is in fact the second largest brackish sea in the world.
Hailuoto Island near Oulu is a popular recreational site, inhabited year-round by approximately 1,000 people. The long sandy
Åland, located in the southern Baltic Sea, is both the smallest
beaches, the hundreds of bird species, and the maritime way of
region and the largest island in Finland. The Åland Islands are a
life attract tourists from around the world.
Kastelholm Castle is a defense fortress in Åland, built in the 14th century. The fully restored castle is a fascinating sight.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Nature
WELL-BEING AND HEALTH FROM THE FORESTS The use of forests for well-being and recreation is researched widely in Finland. In the forest, the mind freshens and stress disappears. The forest environment and plants also have plenty of researched health effects. The Finnish forests are primarily privately owned, but anyone is free to wander the forests and travel on water, pick berries and mushrooms, and angle with a hook and line or icefish. This is all possible due to a Finnish curiosity: everyman’s right. There are close to 40 state-owned national parks, where hiking is allowed freely, and dozens of nature reserves which are more closely guarded. Wandering in the forests is made simple by excellent topographic maps, specialized nature guides, and of course Finns who enjoy the outdoors. There are plenty of things to see all-year-round and even in the wintertime it is possible to step away from the beaten paths with skis and snowshoes.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Society
MODERN FARMING The largest areas of farmland in Finland are located in the
Farming and raising cattle in Finland have largely been
Ostrobothnia region, which is also the birthplace of the Dudesons,
automated, but traditional landscapes with hay poles can still be
who are known throughout the world for their extreme stunts.
found in smaller localities. For tourists, the old-style haymaking
The northernmost farms in the European Union are found in
is an unforgettable experience. In the nighttime, the sun sets only
Utsjoki in Lapland.
for a small while and begins warming the dewy fields early in the morning.
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Finnish Nature • THEMES of FINLAND
A COUNTRY OF CLEAN WATERS Ten percent of Finland’s surface area is covered by lakes, ponds,
Our fish-filled rivers and lakes tempt anglers to try to catch
and rivers. Our waters are the cleanest in the world and heavily
natural salmon, pike, pikeperch, and trout. In the wintertime, you
used throughout the year. Our largest lake is Saimaa, which is
can try ice fishing. There are also more than 22,000 springs with
also home to our only indigenous mammal, the Saimaa ringed
clean and mineral-rich water which is safe to drink.
seal. The most enjoyable way to see our lakes is to board an inland ship and spend the day being caressed by the fresh winds and the gentle sun. We have more boats per capita than any other place in the world, with a total of over 800,000.
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The exoticis
m of L apland can be expe on a dog sled rienced safari or by sp ending the ni a romantic sn ght in ow hotel gazi ng at the star and the blaz ry sk y ing northern lights. V isitor keep in mind s sh ou ld that the so-c alled L apland may already fe ve r begin rising on the w ay ho compelling m e, you to return to the north.
THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Nature
EXPERIENCE TOURISM IN LAPLAND Lapland is the northernmost region in Finland and it covers a
its undomesticated relative the Finnish forest reindeer is only
quarter of the whole country’s surface area. It is only inhabited
found in the forests of Finland and Russia.
by approximately 200,000 people, so the vastness and the unbroken silence of nature can be experienced in Lapland. Good
One of the secondary occupations of Laplanders is panning for
connections are available by plane, train, and car.
gold, which can be tested, for example, in Sodankylä. It is also home to the Midnight Sun Film Festival, one of the most exotic
Life north of the Arctic Circle is in many ways surrounded by extremes, in the midst of the tallest mountains and the greatest rivers. Lapland also has the cleanest air in Europe. In the fall, the wilderness comes alive with the fall colors, in the wintertime the snowy fells are embraced by the blue dusk of the polar nights, and during the summers the nature is taken over by the midnight sun. In the extreme conditions of the north, snow lasts long into the spring and Lapland is a pioneer in international experience tourism. And everyone knows that Lapland is the true home of the most famous mythical creature in the world, Santa Claus. Santa’s workshop and post office are located in Rovaniemi. The only indigenous people of the Nordic countries, the Sami, live in Lapland. In addition to farming and tourism, they continue to herd reindeer in the traditional way. Reindeer, evolved from the European reindeer, graze freely in the Lapland wilderness while
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film festivals in the world.
d ar sely populate of the most sp e Finl and is one ac sp is plenty of rope, so there Eu in s ie tr un co unas. and lakeside sa
FINNISH SAUNA
Finnish Sauna • THEMES of FINLAND
THE PROMISED LAND OF THE SAUNA Finns love the sauna, which is why there are three million saunas
The sauna is also an important area of research and a source
in a country with five million people! One third of all the saunas in
of innovation for Finns. We build the best saunas and sauna
the world can be found in Finland.
stoves and are constantly developing new products to enhance the sauna experience. These include sauna textiles, ornaments,
A traditional sauna is an idyllic separate building, carved from
and containers made, for example, from wood or wood-based
wood and ideally located by a lake. In the olden times, the sauna
biocomposites.
was used for washing laundry and treating illnesses, but today sauna is primarily a place for relaxation, located just as often
At its simplest, the sauna is a place of enjoyment. Time stops
in the city, as in the countryside, and in a flat in an apartment
when you sit down on the benches, throw water on the stones,
building, as in the yard of a detached house.
and let the tranquility settle on your soul.
The sauna is a part of nearly every home, whether heated by burning wood or with electricity. The Finns don’t like to leave the sauna behind even while traveling and have therefore developed various ways to enjoy sauna when and wherever. Sauna buses and boats transport you from the city to the nature in an instant and when nothing else is available, even a tent can be turned into a sauna.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Sauna
ENJOYMENT, DISCUSSION, AND AGREEMENTS ON THE BENCHES The oldest public sauna in Finland is the Rajaportti sauna in
Even small children learn to enjoy the sauna sitting in the lower
Tampere. Public city saunas are becoming increasingly rare,
benches or in the arms of their parents. The love of sauna lasts
but common saunas are found in almost any hotel, spa or sports
for a lifetime.
center. Visitors are encouraged to try the sauna, as Finns have good language skills and will gladly advise novice sauna-goers
The sauna can be enjoyed in a bathing suit, covered by a towel or
on the finer details of the sauna experience.
traditionally naked. Chastity and acceptance is part of the sauna culture and everyone is free to be themselves. Sauna-goers can
While taking a sauna with unfamiliar people is also normal,
sit in silence, chit-chat or discuss more profound matters. There
saunas are mostly enjoyed with friends, family members or
is no room for stress or haste in the sauna, only relaxation.
alone. Other sauna-goers are taken into account when throwing water on the stones so that no one is made uncomfortable.
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Finnish Sauna • THEMES of FINLAND
CLEAN, FRESH, AND RELAXED Cooling down is part of the sauna-going experience. Enjoying
The sauna is a safe form of relaxation to everyone, which is
the sauna heat is paced with small pauses to wash the sweat off
why many well-being treatments have become part of the
the skin and take a breather outside. In the summertime sauna-
modern sauna culture. For example, yoga, massages, and peat
goers enjoy jumping into a lake directly from the sauna.
treatments can be enjoyed in the saunas of many spas and beauty parlors.
The sauna relaxes the muscles and the mind, speeds up the circulation, lowers the blood pressure, and improves the quality of sleep. Sauna cleanses the mind and body all over.
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may enjoy e, sauna-goer s In the wintertim dip in a ow or taking a rolling in the sn cool. Af ter ch is definitely frozen lake whi er becomes the frozen w at , ge un pl st fir the swimming any people. Ice a passion to m circul ation, speeds up the lif ts the spir it, and relaxes.
THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Sauna
CLEAN WATER CREATES THE ENJOYMENT Many Finns feel that the sauna can only be truly enjoyed
The force and enjoyment of the sauna heat can be enhanced by
surrounded by the peaceful nature. Water for bathing and
using a bath whisk made from the branches of a silver birch on
throwing on the stones is preferably lifted from a lake and after
your back. In Finnish the whisk is known as vasta or vihta.
the sauna you feel like you have been washed with spring water. Afterwards, sitting down on the dock, the tranquility of nature
Using the whisk fills the whole sauna with the sweet smell of
can be fully enjoyed.
birch leaves and leaves you feeling like you have been given a gentle massage. The muscles relax and the skin brightens.
The unique feature of the Finnish sauna is its pleasant humidity.
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Finnish Sauna • THEMES of FINLAND
CLEAN AND READY FOR DINNER! Sauna is an everyday luxury and the high point of any party, a pick-me-up after a long day or fun with friends. Most Finns go to the sauna at least once a week, many every night. Because the sauna is an important part of our everyday life, it is often combined with exercise and good food. Going for a run is followed by a sauna, before sitting down for dinner. In the Midsummer, Christmas, and during important meetings, going to the sauna can also involve a festive multicourse meal. Primarily however, sauna snacks are mostly based on simple and genuine ingredients: domestic sausages, grilled fish, and fresh vegetables. The hunger brought on by the sauna is often satisfied with food cooked on an open fire, especially in the summertime. Sausage grilled on the sauna stove, in a fireplace or an oven is a timeless sauna delicacy which can also be replaced with open fire pancakes, filled with salty or sweet fixings.
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ms, and wild rr ies, mushroo The Finnish be can be enjoyed clean that they greens are so e forest. straight from th
FINNISH FOOD
A garden angelica pudding with sea buckthorn honey, flowers, and bee pollen.
Finnish Food • THEMES of FINLAND
SUPERFOOD FROM CLEAN INGREDIENTS
RECIPE
Genuine ingredients are at the heart of the Finnish food culture.
PUDDING
We appreciate naturalness and simplicity in cooking. Unnecessary
500 ml double cream
parading has no place in the Finnish dinner table, as the gorgeous
100 ml white sugar
ingredients must be seen, tasted, and smelled.
10 angelica seeds or 50 ml angelica juice
Angelica pudding with sea buckthorn and honey
50 ml lemon juice The Finnish food culture is casual and playful and you are sure to come across surprising tastes when visiting Finland. A traditional
Bring the cream, angelica seeds (or juice), and sugar to
dessert called mämmi, made from malted rye and Seville orange
boil for one minute. Lift the pot off the stove and let the
zest, is enjoyed during Easter, while another Finnish delicacy are the
flavor absorb for 15 minutes.
salty and black licorice sweets. Remove the seeds, add lemon juice and bring to Raisio, a Finnish food industry company, was the first in the world to
boil again for 30 seconds.
implement a water footprint label. This shows how much water was used to produce the item.
Pour the mixture into serving dishes or glasses without mixing. Place the dishes into the fridge to set over night. SEA BUCKTHORN HONEY 50 ml sea buckthorn juice 100 ml liquid honey Mix the sea buckthorn juice and honey together and pour over the set puddings to form a smooth layer. POLLEN AND FLOWERS 4 tsp. of bee pollen 4 tsp. edible flowers in different colors Sprinkle the pollen and flowers on top of
Raisio’s water footprint label, the H2 O label
the dishes just before serving.
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Food
TREATS STRAIGHT FROM THE FOREST The long winters, short growth periods, and bright nights in the
berries. In the summertime, fresh vegetables, mushrooms, and
summertime condense the aromas of Finnish forest berries, wild
berries are sold at the markets.
herbs, and useful plants. The Nordic vegetables have a unique feel to them. Our forests are fertilized so lightly that 90 % of our wild plants meet the organic criteria set by the European Union. The freezing winters also curb plant diseases. Our clean domestic berries and mushrooms are superfood at its most genuine. For example, blueberries have more antioxidants than any fruit. Other healthy delicacies from the Finnish nature include, for example, chaga mushrooms, spruce tips, and organic honey. The Finnish mushrooms and berries are so clean that you can enjoy them straight from the forest. The strawberries and the red and black currants filled with nutritional value are the treasures of the garden. The Finnish ingredients also offer variety for cooking: lemons can be replaced with sea buckthorn, and sugar with xylitol extracted from birch trees. The Finns are enthusiastic gatherers and nature’s offerings are eagerly dried, frozen, and pickled for the winter months. Yet only 5 % of natural berries are gathered annually. The tart lingonberries are the most popular berry picked for export, but there are approximately twenty different types of delicious
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Finnish Food • THEMES of FINLAND
DELICACIES FROM THE FRESH WATERS The clean water is an intrinsic part of Finnish cooking. The
summer delicacies include early potatoes, seasoned with dill and
lakes and rivers provide valuable fish to the dinner table, such
butter, vendace fried on an open fire, and salty pickled herring.
as rainbow trout. The trout is often cooked whole or as filets in the oven. Salmon is also used for delicious soups. As a special
The Finnish dinner table has room for all of the domestic fishes,
delicacy, we enjoy cold-smoked or raw-spiced salmon, which can
such as pikeperch, whitefish, pike, Baltic herring, and perch.
be compared to Japanese sushi.
Crayfish parties are held at the end of the summer. The redtailed signal and noble crayfish from our lakes are toasted with
In the summertime, Finns enjoy eating outside. Salmon is nailed
snaps, traditional drinking songs are sung, and speeches given.
to a wooden plank and cooked over an open fire. The delicious roasted exterior can be finished off by grilling. Another Finnish
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THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Food
LOCALLY PRODUCED MEAT AND GAME The health effects of foodstuffs are widely researched in Finland and the nutritional recommendations, which are updated regularly, direct both food production and consumption. Foodstuffs are handled with the same principle as everything else in Finland: the criteria for quality is high. We want to know where our food comes from. Sautéed reindeer is a traditional food from Lapland, which is
RECIPE
Grilled lamb chops with dill
known throughout Finland, but the gamey reindeer meat can also be used for many international delicacies, such as carpaccio.
16 baby lamb chops, frenched
Other offerings of the wild nature worth tasting include moose
100 ml canola oil
roast and the tender meat of water fowl and grouses. Finland
Sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
is the only country in the European Union where bear meat is
4 tbsp. dried lingonberry powder
available to eat.
1 bunch dill (leaves picked)
The meat of Finnish beef cattle is produced responsibly and as
Season the lamb chops with salt and pepper and brush with oil.
locally as possible. Meat from organic and local farms is popular. The classic Finnish meat dishes include the Karelian stew from
Grill both sides on high heat until the chops are cooked
Eastern Finland, meatballs, smoke-cured lamb, and rosvopaisti,
medium-rare: 1–3 minutes per side.
which is roast meat cooked for several hours in a cooking pit. Let the lamb chops rest for a few minutes. Move the chops to a serving dish and sprinkle dill and lingonberry on top.
80
Dill meat stew prepared with lamb chops and seasoned with dried lingonberry.
Finnish Food • THEMES of FINLAND
RECIPE
Reindeer carpaccio, raspberry vinaigrette Reindeer
Raspberry
carpaccio
vinaigrette
- 1 reindeer sirloin
- 100g raspberries
- 50 ml water
- 1 lemon
- 1 spring onion
- 1 tbsp. sugar
- Olive oil
- 1 tomato
- 1 tbsp. red wine
- Freshly ground
- 100g mini
black pepper - Salt
asparagus
vinegar - (½ gelatin sheet)
- 4 tbsp. raspberry liqueur
Remove the membrane from the filet and wrap the meat in plastic wrap to form a tight roll. Place the roll into a freezer for approximately two hours. The meat is ready to be cut, when it has frozen throughout and very thin slices can be easily cut from it with a sharp knife. While the meat is freezing, prepare the raspberry vinaigrette. You can also do this earlier and marinate the asparagus and onions overnight, for example. Purée three quarters of the raspberries, saving the rest for decorating. Pour the purée into a small pan and add the water, raspberry liqueur, vinegar and sugar. Stir. Bring to boil and let the vinaigrette bubble on the stove for a while. Wash and chop the asparagus and onion into small chunks. Boil some water in a pot and steam the vegetables in a colander over the boiling water for two minutes. If you prefer a thicker vinaigrette, add one half of a gelatin sheet into the mixture while it is still boiling. Finally, pour the vegetables into the vinaigrette. Take the reindeer filet from the freezer and remove the plastic wrap. The meat is ready to be cut, when it has frozen throughout. Cut the meat into very thin slices and place the slices on plates. Squeeze lemon juice and drizzle olive oil on top. Add freshly ground black pepper and a pinch of salt. 83
Finnish Food • THEMES of FINLAND
THE GOLDEN BOUNTY OF THE CORN FIELDS The Finns appreciate self-sufficiency and locally grown food,
Finns are also known for their affection for fresh lager beer and
which is evident by the abundance of grain products. Visitors
there are dozens of microbreweries producing craft beers around
should taste the traditional fiber-filled delicacies, such as the
the country. Wines from small farm wineries and traditional sahti
mouth-wateringly creamy oven porridge, warm rice pasties, or
are also available.
the common rye bread. The scent alone is enough to make your mouth water.
Teerenpeli Distillery’s whiskies are renowned throughout the world.
The Finns are a nation of coffee drinkers and there are many smaller coffee-roasters operating in Finland, in addition to the larger companies.
85
THEMES of FINLAND • Finnish Food
PLENTY OF HEALTHY DAIRY PRODUCTS We Finns are unique in the fact that we like to drink milk with
Milk is also used to produce many desserts, such as juustoleipä
food. We can thank the Finnish recipient of the Nobel Prize in
(Finnish squeaky cheese) and viili.
chemistry A.I. Virtanen for having fresh milk to drink throughout the year, in the whole world: feeding dairy cattle with AIV fodder
There are many small-scale cheesemakers in Finland. The best
ensures proper nutritional value in the wintertime as well as in
cheeses are produced using the fatty milk of the delicate, but
the summer.
gutsy Eastern Finncattle.
Milk is used to constantly develop new health foods in Finland, including yoghurts, quarks, and drinks containing lactic bacteria.
86
Finnish Food • THEMES of FINLAND
EATING WELL TOGETHER! Finnish food culture is characterized by openness to new tastes, open-minded experimentation, and a warm community spirit. Each Finnish region has its own local delicacies worth tasting, such as mustamakkara (Finnish blood sausage) in Tampere, muikkukukko (fish baked inside a loaf of bread) in Kuopio, Finnish Lapland puikula potatoes, and the molasses-sweetened black bread of the archipelago regions. In the summertime, Finns gather in great crowds on the streets and market squares to enjoy good food. Restaurant days, which are open to everyone, have been embraced by Finns with such enthusiasm that several Finnish cities are included in the international top ten list. Urban agriculture is also a natural way for us to invest in clean, locally grown food. In addition to homes, the Finnish children learn the importance of healthy food in school. In the comprehensive and upper secondary schools, each student is provided a free meal. This also accustoms children to taste different foods, from both domestic and foreign food cultures.
89
ld – ater in the wor The cleanest w e! You’re welcom
THEMES of FINLAND
PHOTOS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS
92
Cover
istockphoto.com
p. 4-5
Jukka Hannula
p. 28
Lehtikuva/®Sony Pictures/Courtesy Everett Collection, Ny Pictures/Everett
p.6-7
istockphoto.com
p. 29
Lehtikuva/Markku Ulander
p.8
Hannu Vallas
p. 30
Lehtikuva/Roni Rekomaa
p. 10
Lehtikuva/Erkki Laitila
p. 30-31 istockphoto.com
p. 11
Vastavalo/Petri Jauhiainen
p. 32
Lehtikuva/Antti Aimo-Koivisto
p. 12-13 istockphoto.com
p. 33
Neste
p. 14
Vastavalo/Anne Saarinen
p. 34-35 Keijo Penttinen
p. 15
Kimmo Torkkeli
p. 36
Lehtikuva/Heikki Saukkomaa
p. 16-17 istockphoto.com
p. 37
Keijo Penttinen
p. 18
Keijo Penttinen (top left)
p. 38-39 Keijo Penttinen
p. 18
Lehtikuva (top right)
p. 41
Vastavalo/Jaakko Vähämäki
p. 18
istockphoto.com (bottom left)
p. 42
istockphoto.com
p. 18
Keijo Penttinen (bottom right)
p. 43
Vastavalo/Timo Viitanen
p. 20
Lehtikuva/Vesa Moilanen
p. 44-45 Pekka Vainio
p. 21
Juuso Haarala
p. 46
Vastavalo/Markus Thomenius
p. 22-23 istockphoto.com
p. 47
istockphoto.com
p. 24
Lehtikuva/Eastpress/Seppo Sirkka (top left)
p. 48
Hannu Vallas (top)
p. 24
Marimekko Corporation (top right)
p. 48
Keijo Penttinen (middle)
p. 24
Lehtikuva/Markku Ulander (bottom left)
p. 48
Paavo Hamunen (bottom)
p. 24
Armchair Artek no. 42 Designed by Alvar Aalto 1932. Bent plywood chair, painted. Armrests birch. Photo Markku Alatalo, Artek Collection/Alvar Aalto Museum (bottom right)
p. 49
Keijo Penttinen
p. 50
Hannu Vallas
p. 51
Vastavalo/Marja-Leena Hautala
p. 25
Moomin Characters Oy Ltd
p. 26
Vastavalo/Kimmo Rampanen
p. 27
Vastavalo/Mikko Saxlund
p. 52-53 Keijo Penttinen p. 54-55 Keijo Taskinen p. 56-57 Keijo Penttinen p. 58-59 Keijo Penttinen
THEMES of FINLAND
p. 60
Wild Nordic Finland/Unique Lapland
p. 87
Vastavalo/Matti Koutonen
p. 61
Herrankukkaron kuvapankki
p. 88
Liisa Valonen
p. 62
Keijo Penttinen
p. 89
Vastavalo/Taru Rantala
p. 63
Visit Finland
p. 90-91 istockphoto.com
p. 64
Jaakko T채hti
p. 65
Sauna from Finland
p. 66-67 Vastavalo/Veli-Pekka Hentil채 p. 68
Seppo Pukkila
p. 69
Kannonnokka/Antti Helim채ki
p. 70
Keijo Penttinen
p. 71
Liisa Valonen (top)
p. 71
Vastavalo/Risto Puranen (bottom)
---
p. 43
Johannes Takanen and Walter Runeberg, Aleksanteri II 1894.
p. 72-73 Liisa Valonen p. 74
Liisa Valonen
p. 75
Raisio Group
p. 75
Recipe by Sami Tallberg
p. 76
Liisa Valonen
p. 77
Keijo Penttinen
p. 78
Photo from Simply Scandinavian
p. 79
Liisa Valonen (left)
p. 79
Vastavalo/Eino Ervasti (right)
p. 80-81 Liisa Valonen p. 81
Recipe by Sami Tallberg
p. 82-83 photo and recipe from Simply Scandinavian p. 84
Vastavalo/P채ivi Niemi
p. 85
Hannu Korpela
p. 86
istockphoto.com
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THEMES of FINLAND
94
THEMES of FINLAND
95