the EvolutionaryCity
簡聖芬老師指導
1850
陸國富
Malaysia
13 St States t and d3F Federal ral Territories Ter Territo T err o e ories Fede era er al Te
Kuala Lum Lumpur umpur um mpur m pur p ur ur
1857 Tin mine found at the wetland between Klang River and Gombak River
1870
1860
Capital of Mal Malaysia al ala alaysia p Coordinates: 3°8’51’’N 001 41 36 Coordinatess: s: 3 8 51 N 101°41’36’’E 101 6E Area: 243.6 243.65 43.65 sq.km 43.6 Population: Po P opulation: o 1.9 millions (politic (politi ic region) p (p titic 7.2 (metropolitan) 2 millions m (metro ropolitan) ro opolitan) ( tropolitan)v Desntiy: Des Desn 7798/sq.km y Ethnic Structure : - Malay alay ayy & Bumiputra B 38% 38 38 p -C Chinese hinese 43% - Indians n ns 0% 10% ans - Ot Others O 1% % - Foreigners % 8% g
Batu Caves
1880
Sungai Buloh
Ampang
Petaling Jaya
1890
1880 The state capital of Selangor moved from Klang to Kuala Lumpur
Sh hah Alam Shah Su u Subang Jaya Cheras
1881 Structures of wood and atap destroyed after a fire following a flood Destroyed building replaced with new brick buildings with chracterised by “five foot ways” resulted a dinstinct eclectic shop house architecture
Klang Puchong Club Sultan Sulaiman
Seri Kembangan
Masjid Jamek Kampung Baru
Kajang Istana Budaya
National Art Gallery
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
National Library
1886 A railway line between KL and Klang opened
Putrajaya
1890 Road access expanded with main arterial roads of Ampang road, Pudu Road, Petaling Road a
1896 KL became the capital of Federated Malay States First school and major tapioca mill built
1900
B
KLIA 0
2
4
6
8 km
1910
b
1920
A
1930
0
100 200 300
400 m
1940
National Mosque
Dataran Merdeka
1942 KL captured by the Imperial Japanese Army
City Hall
KL Tower
Petronas Twin Tower
Weather
N
N
16
NW
14
NE
NW
12 10 8 6 4 2
40
W
E
W
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
NE
NW
N
N
8
9
7
NE
NW
N NE
8
NW
7
6
5 4
E
2
1
1
W
E
NE
NW
W
E
W
NE
16 14 12 10 8
5 4 3 2 1
3
2
11 10
6
4
3
18
9 8 7
6
5
N
12
6 4 2
E
W
E
Max. Temperature
1950
1945 Japanese Surrendered
35 300 30 250 25 200 20 150 15 100 10
Avg. Max. SW
Precipitation Avg. Min.
SE
SW
SE
SW
SE
SW
SE
SW
SE
S
S
S
S
S
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
N
N
SW
SE S
JUN
Min. Temperature NW
26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12
NE
NW
10 8 6 4
5
NE
NW
E
14
N
NE
9
NW
8
NE
NW
7 10
6 5
8
E
11 10 9 8
5
3 2
3
E
3 2 1
1
W
NE
4
2
1
8 7
5
4
W
NW
6 4
E
9
NE
6
4
W
N
7
6
2
2
W
N 10
12
10 8 6 4
2
W
24 22 20 18 16 14 12
N 16
E
W
E
0 JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
YEAR SW
1957 The Federation of Malay gained independence from British rule
SE
SW
SE
SW
SE
SW
S
S
S
S
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
Temperature & Preciptation
1960
0
100 200 300
400 m
Site
Site
1970
Klang River
1974 KL became a Federal Territory
Section Bb
1980
Section Aa
Cultural Elements 1990
Typology of the Tradisional Malay House
1995 Light Rail Transit operated 1996 KL Tower built
2000
1998 XVI Commonwealth Games 1999 Petronas Twin Tower built 2001 Putrajaya was declared a Federal Territory, the administrative and judicial functions of the government were shifted from KL to Putrajaya 2003 Monorail operated
The Pasar
The Warung
2010
SE
SW
S
NOV
Kuala Lumpur has a Tropical Rainforest Climate which is warm and sunny, along with abundant rainfall, especially during the Northeast Monsoon Season from October to March.
Site’s Sections
2016 Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit expected to be operated
2020
SW
Wind Rose Chart
1963 KL remain the capital of formation of Malaysia
The Street 2020 Kuala Lumpur - A World Class City GOALS - To enhance the role of Kuala Lumpur as an international commercial and financial centre. - To create an efficient and equitable city structure. - To enhance the city living environment. - To create a distinctive city identity and image. - To have an efficient and effective governance.
SE
SE S
DEC
Population
Urban Agglomerations
Urban Area (km2) Density (/km2) Urban Footprint
No. of High-Rise Figure Ground
Hong Kong 7,108,100 0
20
40
1098
6,217
7,685
60 km
1975Urban IFC
2009Urban
Singapore 5,183,700
694
7,315
4,368
2025Urban
1- 5 million 5-10 million > 10 million
Republic Plaza
都市化 The Beginning 工業革命 機器取代人力，大規模工廠化生產取代個體生產
土地高度工商化，產生大量就業機會 人們離開村莊和農田湧入城市
Taipei 2,618,772
272
9,634
247
建築高密度垂直化生長 19世紀末芝加哥大火後第一棟摩天樓出現 Taipei 101
Tokyo
Progress
8,653,502
617
14,400
2,702
土地利用需要更密集的開發
人口大量地湧入
Tokyo Sky Tree
基礎建設結構產生
有效率提供較佳的資源
供水系統 污水系統 電力系統 通訊系統 交通系統
醫療
教育
能源
住所
交通
購物
New York 8,175,133
聚集人口，社會互動增加，助長創新發明
1,.214
10,630
5,924
節約能源
Empire State Building
Future
Issues 碳排放量增加，私有交通工具增加，空氣汙染日 趨嚴重
地勢偏低大雨來襲時容易引發閃電水災
Environment 都市在逐漸的擴張，建構時以當地的條件來做最佳化的變化。而且，也應該是個低碳排放的城市，減少使用個人汽車， 機車。
- CO2 emmissions increase 221% since 1990 - Population Car ownership 2007 2007 2
CO
67% 1991
Responsive
Neighborhood 在都市化的過程中，建築建起的順序不是同時間發生的。所以當建築在發展的時候應該是隨著周遭的鄰近建築，空間進 行對應，串聯等。
276% 1991
Culture 現今的亞洲城市時常在高密度的都市發展下常常會出現了沒有個性，受西方國際樣式的影響下，都市是去了自己原有的 一些特色。所以未來在高密度發展下，還是應該要保有自己原有的文化特色，保留原本就已經存在的一些好的空間品質， 讓它可以延續下去。
日照與下雨量多，遮簷，樹蔭需求大
住宅單位供應不足，人口大量離開城市到鄰近 衛星城市居住，人口外流大於人口湧入
Circular Resource 現在都市中的資源來源很多時候都是從都市周邊的地區提供支持著，往往需要長途的運輸來進行。在世界資源逐漸減少 的狀況下，都市應該考慮自己的資源來源，從日常的食物原料，能源的產生，消耗物的再利用，森林綠地等。
Waste 都市的廢棄物往往會比上周邊的地區高上許多。當都市可以自行消化自己的廢棄物，進行回收再循環利用時，這樣都市 對於周邊環境來說就會變得比較友善。
資源不足
城市足跡擴散
Social 高密度化的都市應該是共享，互助，創造更緊密多元的人際關係。這些更多的討論互動將會使人們的創新發明更容易被 啟發。讓原始的馬來村落的社交共享關係可以繼續延續下去。
Multiple Programs 高密度化下的都市應有著更多樣化的空間類型，不是只有現在普遍上的商辦，住宅，購物中心等，應該含納更過的空間 類型，例如城市農場，農田，回收，林場等。而這些空間的組合則透過容積的設定來使得都市的環境呈現出最佳化。 綠地減少
建築失去了辨識性，國際樣式充斥
Activities 高密度的城市裡應該融入更多元的活動出現，要務農，牧牛不需要到郊野。孩童可以無懼的在都市裡奔跑玩耍。
Access 在現有的環境下，個人擁有的交通工具還是佔有著地面層的大部分，高密度的都市下，人們應該擁有更多的活動空間， 自由的交通工具的優先順序應該逆轉為最低，把空間讓出給人們使用。而且，在密集的分布下人們的移動應該可以更便 捷，形成一個無車的城市。
Urban Design Context - Physical Topography River Forest
Zoning
Generative - Cultural Transportation Systems Landmarks Public Buildings Open Spaces
Density Zoning Lots’ Size Height
Density Atrraction
Rules -Initial state Develop or Undevelop? Heritage Rail
Developed
Developed
Undevelop
Undevelop
Develop
Priority Distance Transportation
Water Body
Commercial
Residential
Repulsion Mixed Use Residential
Public
Height
Lot’s size
By using the contexts surrounding the site, can affect the height and size of the plots in the site.
The possible attractor and repulsor can decide by below: Context
Height
Size
Rail
Attractor
Repulsor
Riverfront
Repulsor
Attractor
Heritage
Repulsor
Attractor
View from landmarks
Repulsor
-
View to forest
Repulsor
-
Building Design Determines if the floor number that fulfill the Plot Ratio
Configurations Finding Determines if the profile generated fulfill the Plinth Area
Setting the basic profile size
Divide blocks and set distance between
Divide blocks and set area, distance between
Divide blocks and set distance,rotation between
Divide blocks and set area, distance,rotation between
Divide blocks and set no. of floors and distance between
Divide blocks and set no. of floors and distance between
Building Design Form Finding 1 - Block Flow with curve
Flow with curve
Scale and rotation by manual input
Flow with curve with scalable floor slab
Form Finding 2 - Panel Panel with fixed surface area with vary heights and width
Panel with fixed surface area with vary heights, offset distance, distance and rotation
Panel with fixed surface area with vary heights, offset distance, distance and rotation with a curve
The NEXT...... Parameters Service Core Five Foot Way Insolation Shadow Coverage Wind Open Space Unit’s Size