2012 thesis design

the Revolutionary City Digital

Tools

and

Design

Planning

Thinking

The cities in the world are growing fast.

Malaysia, a country under the trend of urbans’ developments.

Computer, digital tools that affect the world so much nowadays.

How do the digital tools can be used in the design process to solve the urban‘s issues when the urbanization is going on? Rhinoceros and Grasshopper had been used in this thesis design to explore the possiblities of the urban’s issues that can be analized and and converted into parameters that can be used in computer’s software. By zooming the scale of design from urban to architecture scale, the relationship and interaction between the digital tools and the design thinking of designer in the design processes were interesting and a two-way feedback.

Zoning

Urban Design Master Planning Urban Development Phasing

Architecture Architecture Layout

Programme Mass Development Development Intensity

Building’s Skin Floor Configuration Service Core Configuration

Urban’s Issues

Urban Agglomerations

1975Urban

Dense of Development

Development of Better Infrastructures

Growing of Urban Footprint

View

Heritage Reservation

Correspondence of Local Climate

Natural Disasters

Increasing of Environmental Pollution

2025Urban

2009Urban

1- 5 million 5-10 million > 10 million

Population

Urban Area (km2) Density (/km2)

No. of High Rise

Hong Kong 7,108,100

0

20

40

60 km

Singapore 1098

6,217

7,685

5,183,700

Taipei 694

7,315

4,368

2,618,772

272

9,634

247

IFC

Republic Plaza

- CO2 emmissions increase 221% since 1990 - Population Car ownership

Taipei 101

CO

2007

2007

2

67%

276%

1991

Tokyo 8,653,502

1991

New York 617

14,400

2,702

8,175,133

1,214

10,630

5,924

Decreasing of Green

Efficiency of Resources Provided

Exodus & Influx of Population

Increasing of Social Interaction

Tokyo Sky Tree

Empire State Building

Site - Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Istana Budaya

The site is locates at the center of Kuala Lumpur and a Malay’s Reserved Land for 100 years without intensive development compare to the surrounding areas. The site is surrounded by many national institutions and important landmarks of Kuala Lumpur. The condition in this site is still maintain the old malay’s radisional life style and some of the place had a bad condition of infrastructures like a slum in the center of the city. So, KL Plan 2020 had been introduced and a new urban development plan is in progress.

Climates

Cultural Elements

40

Max. Temperature 35

a

300

National Art Gallery National Library Hospital Kuala Lumpur

B

Avg. Max.

30 250

25

Precipitation

200

Avg. Min.

20

Min. Temperature

150

15 100

10

5

0 JAN

FEB

MAR

N 14

NE

NW

12 10 8 6 4 2

W

Mosque Jamek Kampung Baru

E

SW

W

SE

SW

NE

NW

S

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

E

SE

YEAR

SW

N

NW

8

NE

5

2

1

1

E

W

SE

E

SW

NW

9 8

2

W

E

SW

SE

6 4 2

E

SE S

JUN

N 9

NE

NW

8

6

6 5

5

4

SW

S

S

SEP

OCT

4 3

3

2

2

E

SE

S

AUG

1

1

W

SW

E

SE S

NOV

NE

7

7

1

W

8

9 8

4 3 2

4

E

SE

10

SW

N 11 10

NW

5

6

6

W

SE S

MAY

NE

7

8

E

SW

N 10

NE

10

12

1

W

SE S

APR

N

12

NE

16 14

5 4 3 2

3

2

16 14

6

4

3

S

MAR

NW

9 8 7

6

4

NW

NE

10

7

5

SW

18

11

NW

Typology of the Tradisional Malay House N

12

9

NE

W

NE

2

W

7 6

E

SE

10 8 6 4

2

S

JUL

24 22 20 18 16 14 12

N

8

NW

N

10 8 6 4

W

N NE

FEB

N 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12

14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

S

JAN

NW

SW

Club Sultan Sulaiman

b

MAY

N

16

NW

Site

APR

Temperature & Preciptation

W

E

SW

SE S

DEC

Wind Rose Chart

The Warung

Site’s Sections

0

Section Aa

A

Klang River

Petronas Twin Tower

02

Area: 243.65 sq.km Population: 1.9 millions (politic region) 7.2 millions (metropolitan) Density: 7798/sq.km Ethnic Structure : - Malay & Bumiputra 38% - Chinese 43% - Indians 10% - Others 1% - Foreigners 8%

KL Tower Independent Square Government Hospital Heritage Zone

City Hall

Site’s Reserved Heritage Landmark Exist Rail System Future Rail System

0

100 200 300

400 m

National Mosque

Section Bb

The Pasar

The Street

Site

Site

100 200 300

400 m

Urban Scale - Planning Zoning

The Main Principals Reserved Zone The zones around the Reserved Zone should maintain the more Public Zones to maintain the quality of open space and adding some commercial zone to support the activities around the reserved buildings.

KLDCP 2020 Zoning Plan

Mixed Use Zone The Mixed Use Zone need to be the most populate zone that will be the buffer between Commercial Zone and Residential Zone to maintain the quality of living.

Public Zone Public Zone acts as the open space and public institutionals land use. It will be added when the other zones are too populate.

Residential Zone Residential Zone need the more Public Zone around it to support the living and open space needs.

Commercial Zone As the zones arround the site are mainly city centre commercial zone, the commercial zone in the site will be least and just to support the commercial activities in a smaller community.

Determine the proportion of zoning of site 0

9 6 3

Residential 1 Residential 2 Residential 3

600 m

Public Institutional Public Open Space Forest Reserve Public Facilities Infrastructure & Utilities

RESI. ED MIX

8 5 2

BL .

Plot Ratio 10 7 4

Mixed Use Commercial Mixed Use Residential

400

PU

Zoning City Centre Commercial Commercial

100 200

Cellular Automata (CA)

Split into grid

Setup the rules Zone Transformed

03

Transform

The Most Close to the Determination

.

COMM

N

Site

Simulation Results

In the process of the planning, the zoning of the site is based on the concept of the discrete model in computability theory, Cellular Automata. The site is splitted into a 50x50 grid as the size is more suitable block’s size in Kuala Lumpur after the site studies.

The zoning is an experiment to fragment the traditional zoning block to a smaller size as the activities and zones defined can be more efficient to prevent the zones become too dense and death zone formed.

Transform Rules MIXED USE

20%

40%

60%

80%

RESIDENTIAL

20%

40%

60%

80%

COMMERCIAL

20%

40%

60%

80%

PUBLIC

20%

40%

60%

80%

COMM. CO O PUBL. U

COMM. O PUBL. B

COMM. CO O M PUBL. PUB

PUBL. P U

MIXED E CCOMM.. RESI.. PUBL.

B E PUBL. MIXED E RESI.

COMM. M MIXED B I PUBL.

MIXED M EDP PUBL. U

COMM. M MIXED XE

RESI. S M MIXED XE

COMM. MM MIXED XE

CO COMM. O M PUBL. P B

MIXED X P B PUBL.

RESI. MIXED PUBL. B

MIXED X D PUBL. P B

RESI.MIXED I PUBL. B

PUBL. M MIXED XE

PUBL. U L RESI. R S

PUBL. B R RESI. ES

I PUBL. B RESI. S MIXED

The transform rules was set under the main principals. For example: When a MIXED USE zone is surrounded by the most number of RESIDENTIAL zone and the total is under 50% of the 8 neighbours, it will still maintain be a MIXED USE zone, otherwise it will transform to a PUBLIC zone.

Largest Area Public

Smallest Area Public

Largest Area Mixed Use

Smallest Area Mixed Use

Close to the Objective Proportion

Urban Design Master Planning

CO

2

0

60 120

240

360 m

Future Rail System

Road System

Circle Pattern

Landmark

Rail System

Landmark 04 0 4

The main concept was originally from the Garden City Planning design.

The Rail System Station will be the nodes of the main road connection and had some transformation to link to the surrounding roads.

Center of the site was determined by the landmarks.

Open Spaces continue along the river and the Public Institutionals were put at the outer ring to connect.

Urban Development Phasing

Masses Control

As the site is too large for developing in the same time, so phasing of development in the site is essential.The first phase of the deveploment is decided according to the condition of the buildings in the areas, and around the nodes of the road as the catalyst for the development going on.

This also done by the concept of Cellualar Automata and the transformation rules was determinated by the development intensity surround.

Without Any Setback

Setback Added 1st Phase

2nd Phase

3rd Phase

4th Phase Intensity Arround Reseved Zone Controlled

5th Phase

6th Phase

View Corridor Added 7th Phase

05

9th Phase

8th Phase

Architecture Scale Program Site Area

18038.5 sq.m

Parking Retail Spaces Apartment Tower Office Tower

3 Floors 4 Floors 41 Floors 34 Floors

Double Decker Lift with sky lobby Office Tower - 21F, 22F Apartment Tower - 15F, 16F, 31F, 31F, 32F

SITE

Malay Cemetery

Open Space Vehicle Circulation

0

50

100

200

300 m

Due to the climate of the Malaysia is hot and rainy, people are like to stay in air-conditioned spaces. So, retail spaces is commonly welcome by the residents.

Beside that, one of the tower is programmed to be an apartment tower as the lack of residential spaces in the center of the city.

As the 2 towers are high, sky lobby is being used to had a more efficient circulation .

OF ICE Sky Lobby

OF ICE

APARTMENT APARTMENT

Sky Garden

APARTMENT

Services

OFFICE LOBBY RETAIL SPACES APARTMENT LOBBY OFFICE The sky garden is programed at the upper level to let the residents have a better view to the city and maintain the green spaces for the residents and the city.

06

RETAIL SPACES

PARKING

Architecture Layout

The architecture layout is divide into 3 parts: LOWER part, MIDDLE part and UPPER part Every part of the layout is determined and controlled by different parameters define by the conditions of each level.

Lower The layout of the base is control by the distance between the future developments, the existed buildings, the plinth area and set back to create the approciate base layout.

Exist Buildings

Future Open Space

Future Open Space

Elevated Highway

This layout is chosen as the lower part of the building after the calculation of the grasshopper’s defination wrote by using galapogos component to find out the most suitable result that had the nearest value to the plinth area and distances between the parameters set.

07

Middle Middle and upper layout are mainly control by the view to the reserved heritage side and the landmarks for a good living and working quality.

Masjid Jamek

Future Open Space

Future Open Space

Elevated Highway Twin Tower

KL Tower

Upper The upper layout is same with the middle layout is mainly control by the view to the reserved heritage side and the landmarks.

Titiwangsa Park

Masjid Jamek

Elevated Highway

08

KL Tower

Twin Tower

Mass Development

Service Core Configuration

Building’s Skin CO2

The mass was continue to develop by adding more limitation.

32-45 Apartment

Trim by the boundary

23-38 Offices 30-31 Interchange Level 21-22 Interchange Level

Subdivide Surface to Triangle

17-29 Apartment 15-16 Interchange Level

5-20 Offices 5-14 Apartment 3-4 Lobby

3-4 Lobby

Scaling to fit the gross area

B4-2 Parking & Retail

B4-2 Parking & Retail

Service Core was divide in to parts to improve the efficiency of the vertical movement.

Smoothing surface

Control the Opening Size

The location of the core was determinated by the area distributed between the core and floor plan.

Area A Area B

Final Area A 09

Area B Pattern Division

Residential Tower Floor Configuration 0

Type A

Type B

2

4

8

12 M

Type C Stacking Configuration

4 Rooms + 4 Rooms

Type D

4 Rooms + 3 Rooms

1 Room, 2 Rooms + 1 Room, 2 Rooms

Type E

1 Room, 2 Rooms + 4 Rooms

3 Rooms + 3 Rooms

Type F

4 Rooms + 1 Room, 2 Rooms

The residential tower floor is try to use a bottom-down method to built up.

Type G

3 Rooms + 4 Rooms

10 1 0

Type H

3 Rooms + 1 Room, 2 Rooms

Type I

1 Room, 2 Rooms + 3 Rooms

The floor plans of the tower is defined after the studies of the residental spaces in Kuala Lumpur. The 9 types of the floor plans were configured by the basic 4 type of residential space, 4 rooms family, 3 rooms family, 2 rooms and 1 room single suite.

By using the studies of the residential spaces needs in Kuala Lumpur, the tower is stacking to suit the needs and make different type of every floor to let the facade of the tower could form a interesting facade.