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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 01 OVERVIEW DEFINITION OF THE STUDY AREA HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS 02 URBAN INTEGRITY COLLECTIVE MEMORY & URBAN IDENTITY MOBILITY & ACCESSIBILITY MAKSEM AND WATER NETWORK GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE- NETWORKS AND CONNECTIONS POTENCIALS & CHALLENGES VISION 03 PROPOSAL 04 A CITY & CITIZEN COLLABORATION DESIGN : CO-TAKSIM ATATURK REPUBLIC MONUMENT AND SURROUNDING FROM MAKSEM TO CO-TAKSIM-A SUSTAINABLE WATER FLOW GEZI PARK AND GREEN AREAS SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY& ACCESSIBILITY STUDIES SUSTAINABLE LIGHTING DESIGN ORGANIZATION CHART 05
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INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Taksim Square is more than an “open space” in terms of construction and management, it has also a very strong social, economic and political character; as a flexible, open, urban space it is uniquely positioned to enable and host (un)programmed activity. Its variety goes beyond a “place of the Republic” to a meeting point for shopping, from its historical relevance to “access point” to the city. It is a place where most of the people feel free even if repression has taken place historically and recently. It is also a place that reflects political intentions and it is the materialization of a complexity of multifaceted aspects.
However, during all these years of transformation, Taksim Square has been disintegrated with distinct physical and cultural territorial borders. A large part of the memory regarding space faced with the threat of extinction. All interventions for Taksim will affect the “living knowledge” of citizens, thus in our design approach we tried to find answers to the following questions:
• With its huge history of evolving identity, what should be the role of Taksim Square? • What are the pathways for a more sustainable Taksim? • How can we promote participation and transparency through our design?
DEFINITION OF THE STUDY AREA Taksim Square is not an ordinary square; it is an urban canvas; the largest and the most known city square of Istanbul. It is located at the intersection of Istiklal, Sıraselviler, Gümüşsuyu and Cumhuriyet Street and Tarlabaşı Boulevard in Beyoğlu district. Gezi Park, The Monument of the Republic and its surroundings, Maksem and the Transportation Hub can be counted as main components of Taksim.
| Project Site
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
| Taksim Project Site Transformation Diagram
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ANALYSIS URBAN INTEGRITY
| Urban Integrity and User Profiles
COLLECTIVE MEMORY & URBAN IDENTITY
| Identity- Heritage- Culture Collage
Taksim is a historical environment, an open-air museum presenting strong educational characteristics. Its representative aspect in space identity is built collectively, nonetheless, the square faced many urban transformations. While these huge changes can create big potential for the public realm, drastic changes in the functions and references, can also cause deterioration of Collective Memory and Living Knowledge.
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ANALYSIS MOBILITY & ACCESSIBILITY Taksim has always been a foci. It was a water distribution point for Beyoğlu and now it is a transportation hub. Taksim Square is a large interchange location in terms of different transport modes. A diverse set of public transportation meet in here. The nostalgic tram is also part of Taksim’s atmosphere. There is also a big transportation hub underground. It is also an indisputable meeting point.
| Taksim Mobility & Accessibility Diagram
BORDER LINE
BORDER LINE
BORDER LINE
TRAFFIC ROUTE
BUS STOP
LOW DENSE
BUS ROUTE
METRO STATION
UNDERGROUND ROUTE
MEDIUM DENSE
MINIBUS STOP
TRAFFIC LIGHT
TAXI STOP
DIRECTIONS
| Routes
HIGH DENSE
| Stops
| Pedestrians Density
MAKSEM- WATER NETWORK Taksim square takes its name from the Maksem water distribution structure located on the historical waterway of Istanbul. These waterways consist of four main water distribution lines. On the European side; Taksim, Kırkçeşme and Halkalı Waterways. On the Anatolian side: Üsküdar line. Maksem is located on the main water line, Taksim waterway. It was built in 1732; reaches from Bahçeköy Topuzlu embankment drainage basined to Taksim square with various underground and above ground water transportation systems. These collected rain waters were distributed from here to the surroundings of Taksim. In our design, the historical Maksem and underground waterways are projected within the square highlighted and revived with rich functions.
| Historical Water Footprints of Anatolia- Taksim Waterway
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| Maksem History& Transformation
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ANALYSIS GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE- NETWORKS AND CONNECTIONS
| Suggested Green Link - Taksim Square
| Urban Patch
Taksim Square is part of the urban patch-corridor-matrix of the city. The green areas of this urban patch; Macka Park, Republic Park and Gezi Park were created in 1936 by Henri Prost and were left with considerable degradations until today. The ambition is to strengthen and rehabilitate this deformed green planning.
| Urban Green Connection - Attached to Patch
The green link analysis above presents Green Connection of the project area with Urban Patch at macro scale. Below analysis introduces the existing green patch and relation to the project area at micro scale. Last diagram on the page displays the existing trees (considering their health conditions) within the project area.
| Existing Trees Diagram
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ANALYSIS POTENTIALS & CHALLENGES
Design Your Taksim
| Connection - Collaboration- Collection: CO-TAKSIM Design Strategy
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VISION VISION
| From Past to Future: From Graveyards to CO-TAKSIM
Taksim Square is an urban platform accompanied by a hidden history, a variety of spaces introducing distinctive identity contexts and users from all ages that inspires creativity and imagination for all users. In line with our Potentials analysis, our integrated vision is to enhance Taksim Square through a welcoming, democratic and inclusive design, considering rich cultural heritage landscapes. Initially, a study on problem definition was made, followed then by data collection and historical evolution analysis, that resulted in the mosaic of identities and symbolic representation of social life of Taksim Square. Brainstorming on “sense of place”, place-related behavior and attachment led us to the conclusion that: - The prediction of the future, forces the boundaries of the imagination.
Taksim is a “hard floor space” on the square level and “a green space” on the Gezi park level. Moreover, it’s also a “free space” according to socio-cultural perception and a “irregular space”, regarding land-use; and finally, it’s powerful “dynamic space” in terms of mobility. CO-TAKSIM balances the notions of a park and a square, hardscape and green lawn, digital and physical space that unite with the context of the surrounding environment and provide a place for the community to thrive by fruitful engagements. With this idea, we can suggest a new language (derived from existing knowledge) that creates a common ground for new modes of communication and openness to other’s perspectives so that those multiple public spheres may continue to co-exist.
| Visions Brainstorm Sketch
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PROPOSAL A CITY& CITIZEN COLLABORATION: CO-TAKSIM CO-TAKSIM sets out to bring an unconventional, culturally-sensitive and highly-interactive approach to this complex site. From simple sustainability to highly complexity of smart cities, citizen engagement lies at the heart of urban transitions. All interventions – representing multi-scales (from large transformations to small adaptive plans) proposed for Taksim Square, will be co-designed by a multi-actorparticipative approach. CO-TAKSIM proposes a flexible infrastructure to support new and diverse programmatic identities by combining the physical and the digital spaces. Simplified urban design data enriched with visuals and user-friendly interface: activity areas become grids, activity programs become modules, energy data is depicted in these grids and modules, and players interpret, manipulate and create scenarios through the game: CO-TAKSIM. Landscape is used to “activate” and call for “participate” in the design of new readable spaces and new connections. Besides, an innovative multi-functional storm water storage and treatment system will revive the historical identity of Maksem, aiming the rebuild of a new modern bonding between the water and people.
| Co-TAKSIM Boulevard Scene
CO-TAKSIM Boulevard
CO-TAKSIM Gezi Park Civic Podium
Multi Functional Water Pond | Co-Taksim General View
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Taksim Water Distribution Center Maksem
Connection Park
Atatürk Republic Monument
CO-TAKSIM Plaza Food Truck Festival Area
Aya Triada Church
Istanbul Cultural Palace (AKM)
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PROPOSAL GAME:
CO-TAKSIM Developed as an open source game, CoTaksim is a flexible tool to engage citizens in the design of democratic public spaces, to educate sustainability and inclusiveness and to involve citizen as a “data provider” to identify their needs and raise awareness on (built) environment through Gezi park, Plaza and Boulevard. Players can activate Smart modules- 3 selected at the site- via the digital app “CO-TAKSIM”. The selection of the available modules depends on the temporary activity proposed by the city council. Modules that can be visualized in 3D, can be used for small businesses or left open and transparent to host other temporary functions with respect to ecology, energy, mobility, art and culture. Decision-makers will evaluate the designs in a multi-actor atmosphere, letting interactions and learning from each other in a multi-directional way. The player can, therefore, understand the level of complexity of each decision of the urban matrix and the needs related to different functions. Adaptive Smart Modules and Urban Data Platform imply ecological and environmental, therefore sustainable attitude. The smart modules are designed for disassembly, unlocking a truly circular material loop where module components and materials can be reused and replaced rather than wasted. They can be powered by renewable energy that can be utilized as charging stations, sector coupling mechanisms – such as e-vehicle to grid – and storage units can be integrated to provide energy flexibility. Smart sensors for collection of energy consumption and generation, CO2 emissions, health & wellbeing data can be integrated to manage and create player own energy and sustainability pathway in their design.
| Co-Taksim Game Functioning Diagram
| Co-Taksim Plaza Art Festival User Generated Scene
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PROPOSAL HOW TO BUILD YOUR CO-TAKSIM?
1.
Download application and register.
2.
3.
Start to design based on theme and map.
Select your modules and design.
Share your design with citizen council.
Game Modules
Sample User Generated Designs by Two Different Players
We think that Art Festival in Taksim Plaza should have big stage for art performances.
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I want to see an Art Festival in Taksim with different art workshops and installations.
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PROPOSAL ATATÜRK REPUBLIC MONUMENT AND SURROUNDING Tram Stop
Gezi Park Underground Bus Stop Taxi Stop Metro Entrance Minibus Stop
Multi Functional Water Pond
Civic Podium
Metro Entrance
Taksim Mosque
Atatürk Republic Monument
Taksim Water Distribution Center - Maksem
Taxi Stop
Taksim, as a countryside plain, attained its city square status upon casting of the Taksim monument which became the symbol of a new era, of the young Republic. The monument has a specific form and function in proposal’s vision. To strengthen its visibility, geometry and identity, supportive public features around the area are suggested: A “water pond” and a ‘public stage’ providing a diverse arrangement of spaces for daily use, special event programming, cultural exchange and innovation. These platforms can interact with each other and embraces the monument’s figurative existence for official celebrations of the republican government, such as victory days and anniversaries.
| Atatürk Republic Monument and Surrounding Plan
Seating Waiting Area
Anti-Flood Water Storage Pond
Ice Skating Ring
| Water Pond Area Scene
Local Flowers Market
Festival Area
Movable Urban Furnitures
Amphitheatre Concert
Public Demonstration
Open Air Exhibition
| Different Scenarios of Water Pond
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PROPOSAL FROM MAKSEM TO CO-TAKSIM-A SUSTAINABLE WATER FLOW
| Conceptual Water Management Diagram The projection of Maksem, as underground water distribution channels on the square enriched with various functions, is designed as an urban water element. This sustainable urban water loop surrounds the entire project area and offers a diversity of functions at different locations. It attracts user perception by elements such as, water splash, water mirror, water history map, wayfinding on ground connects to Maksem, park water lines, bioswale and multifunctional water pond. It blends the historical infrastructure trail with a contemporary design. In addition, to support the sustainable physical infrastructure, rainwater is proposed to be reused with surface drainage, permeable surfaces have been increased promoting the reduction of Urban Heat Land Effect. Ensuring integrity in the entire project area the sustainable water flow loop combines the energy efficient designs with the Co-Taksim plaza, Boulevard and Gezi modules.
| Water Flow Line Diagram
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PROPOSAL GEZI PARK AND GREEN AREAS The proposed green infrastructure system intended to increase environmental quality and provide a sustainable environment. For strengthening the green connection of Gezi Park with the Urban Patch; Sustainable Reconstruction of Gezi park pedestrian bridge is provided and a green connection park is proposed between Gezi Park, Ataturk Cultural Center and Ataturk Library expanding, this way, the project area. The healthy existing trees and green areas are preserved while the unhealthy trees will be removed. Below diagram presents the sustainable vegetation and includes tree specifications which are local, nitrogen binder, resilient and VOC- absorbing plants.
| Environmental Quality Strategy
| Proposed Plant Specifications and Green Areas
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PROPOSAL SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY& ACCESSIBILITY STUDIES The deteriorated historical landscape also accompanied by the underground tunnels resulted in disconnection between the existing roads, buildings, and pedestrian walkways. COTAKSIM aims to ensure mobility with respect to energy efficiency, decarbonization, air quality and safe and resilient transportation system. Our design proposal provides digitalization and e-vehicles as an enabler for e-mobility. SUMP 2030 for Taksim is to provide people and goods to reach their destinations in a way that is healthy, safe, affordable, reliable and comfortable. Integration of renewable energy and storage mechanisms for public transport and circular economy to infrastructures is enhanced. Walking, cycling and shared mobility services will be boosted through fully multimodal trip planning, pricing and payment innovations.
| Transportation Rehabilitation Plan
| Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning Phases Bus stop and Charging station
Shade tree Local vegetation adapted to the climate.
Continous Pe d e s t r i a n Lightning
Pedestrian crossing area
Sustainable urban drainage system
Responsive Pedestrian path Solar furniture
| Sustainable Urban Mobility Strategy - Shared Street Section
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| Sustainable Urban Mobility References
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PROPOSAL SUSTAINABLE LIGHTING DESIGN The lighting concept highlights various unique elements of the square while respecting the vegetation and ecology. It also clearly improves safety, nonetheless sometimes dramatic, mainly vibrant or animated. Surrounding faรงades and monuments have been included in a specific lighting design.
Street Lighting
Mirroring
Silhoueting Halo Effect Washing Spot Lighting
| Sustainable Lighting Design Plan
ORGANIZATION CHART Urban Planner
Structural Engineer
Urban Designer
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING
Urban Data Platform Developer
ICT SCIENCE
Lighting Designer
Citizen Councils- NGOs
PARTICIPATIVE SCENARIO- BASED SUSTAINABLE & SMART APPROACH Software Developer
Landscape Architects
Smart City & Energy Consultant
URBAN & SPATIAL PLANNING
Road-Traffic Engineer
SUMP Consultant
Architects
Ecologist
ARTS& CULTURE
CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION
Film Maker Artist
Sociologist History Expert
Roles Professions
| Organization Chart
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